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77 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
0fbb53414b Add Phone Service Providers (#2099) 2023-03-23 11:28:17 -05:00
8fc748109d MIT License source code (#2096) 2023-03-21 17:21:51 -05:00
7b75ad0514 Use GitHub issue form syntax (#2095) 2023-03-21 17:15:55 -05:00
a88689fb43 Add dependency version locks (#2094) 2023-03-21 15:23:17 -05:00
3f5bbbd492 Update Dependabot configuration 2023-03-21 11:05:52 -05:00
3499498be7 Add Onion Service path overview diagram (#2089) 2023-03-20 14:53:09 +10:30
1bde6c2920 Bump crowdin/github-action from 1.7.0 to 1.7.1
Bumps [crowdin/github-action](https://github.com/crowdin/github-action) from 1.7.0 to 1.7.1.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/crowdin/github-action/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/crowdin/github-action/compare/v1.7.0...v1.7.1)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: crowdin/github-action
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
2023-03-20 14:51:18 +10:30
14b2f975e2 Updated Proton Mail, U2F/FIDO2 support (#2092)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-03-20 14:49:59 +10:30
29658d1d98 New Crowdin Translations (#2088)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-03-14 16:54:06 +10:30
3e7d6c6ac2 Bump actions/cache from 3.3.0 to 3.3.1
Bumps [actions/cache](https://github.com/actions/cache) from 3.3.0 to 3.3.1.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/cache/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/actions/cache/blob/main/RELEASES.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/cache/compare/v3.3.0...v3.3.1)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/cache
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
2023-03-14 04:59:12 +00:00
60f0a8df9f Create Kiwix/ZIM Download 2023-03-11 19:37:24 -06:00
9112720140 Enable offline builds (#2087) 2023-03-11 19:02:09 -06:00
c99bdda06f Add abbreviation KYC (#2086) 2023-03-11 18:53:28 -06:00
3849c523ef Remove digital legacy heading (#2081) 2023-03-11 18:52:54 -06:00
9e35e2ef8a New Crowdin Translations (#2074)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-03-12 01:27:24 +10:30
5bad28ff6d Add page descriptions to docs (#2075)
Co-authored-by: mfwmyfacewhen <94880365+mfwmyfacewhen@users.noreply.github.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonah Aragon <github@aragon.science>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-03-11 02:40:11 +10:30
3955114451 Fix merge conflict mistakes (#2080)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-03-11 02:33:35 +10:30
d2316dd782 Bump actions/cache from 3.2.6 to 3.3.0
Bumps [actions/cache](https://github.com/actions/cache) from 3.2.6 to 3.3.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/cache/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/actions/cache/blob/main/RELEASES.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/cache/compare/v3.2.6...v3.3.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/cache
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
2023-03-11 02:20:46 +10:30
99618de520 Proton Drive is now open source (#2083)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-03-11 02:19:31 +10:30
5c41b3c2f2 Redesign larger pages (#2078)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-03-09 16:52:16 +10:30
ac8c5a30d1 Add private payment methods overview (#1068) 2023-03-09 15:13:09 +10:30
45bfe22c61 Fix theme switcher (#2077)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-03-08 14:27:20 +10:30
65db9d3fee Revert some changes from cc69609 (#2073) 2023-03-06 13:49:03 -06:00
f3f092d1a3 Add breadcrumb metadata (#2072) 2023-03-05 14:52:02 -06:00
35c95c029c Improve our About page (#2071) 2023-03-03 12:18:38 -06:00
7fb07925ec SEO fixes (#2070) 2023-03-03 09:27:46 -06:00
dc4199d7c4 Expand Permissions on Android (#2030) 2023-03-03 19:15:48 +10:30
fda35b5f70 Use logo for social card (#2069) 2023-03-02 14:24:16 -06:00
9e16a63caa New Crowdin translations by GitHub Action (#2065) 2023-03-03 04:05:27 +10:30
47377df8da Fix external resource errors (#2066) 2023-03-02 11:01:48 -06:00
28c576110c Enable social card generation (#2068) 2023-03-01 21:28:32 -06:00
d63dc04aff Enable asset optimization (#2061) 2023-03-01 13:05:14 -06:00
e336699480 Use flag for language selector icon (#2062) 2023-03-01 13:04:52 -06:00
aaec10b83e Remove mkdocs.en.yml from Crowdin (#2064) 2023-03-01 12:54:19 -06:00
9cbebf239b Fix #1930 (#2060) 2023-03-01 08:59:44 -06:00
97350b6245 GitHub Pages fix 2023-03-01 07:56:07 -06:00
f0621e257b New Crowdin Translations (#2058)
Co-authored-by: Crowdin Bot <support+bot@crowdin.com>
2023-03-01 07:16:04 +01:00
1ac4dd75c7 Download Translations from Crowdin (#2054) 2023-02-28 21:12:51 -06:00
4c8cd3f295 Stop using i18n plugin (#2054) 2023-02-28 20:11:33 -06:00
bfaba1cd11 Add biometrics note (#2055)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-03-01 12:38:44 +10:30
66efe4a27f Adjust mobile width issues (#2051) 2023-02-28 08:43:33 -06:00
657e977074 F-Droid consistency (#2052) 2023-02-28 20:56:30 +10:30
f516235dd4 Handle standard language codes properly (#2050) 2023-02-27 21:52:36 -06:00
cc696093ce Add abbreviations to Crowdin (#2049) 2023-02-27 18:56:23 -06:00
4da25bc39a Skip untranslated files 2023-02-27 17:01:31 -06:00
6245ed8581 Update dependencies (#2048) 2023-02-27 16:27:01 -06:00
d9b9092ac3 Disable translation uploads 2023-02-27 14:14:51 -06:00
7a6fc90114 New Crowdin translations by GitHub Action (#2039) 2023-02-27 14:05:05 -06:00
ef7cf862d4 [ImgBot] Optimize images (#2043)
Signed-off-by: ImgBotApp <ImgBotHelp@gmail.com>
2023-02-27 13:58:35 -06:00
f396afa15f Support l10n of config strings (#2045) 2023-02-27 13:54:55 -06:00
227609f768 Use Invidious for Embeds (#2046) 2023-02-27 13:34:27 -06:00
425914a33d Add french specific GDPR mention (#2040)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-02-28 03:43:21 +10:30
131f91ad56 New Crowdin translations by GitHub Action (#2038) 2023-02-28 00:16:34 +10:30
9b008f2b76 Add FR specific, multi languages context (#2035)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-02-27 23:59:05 +10:30
2a4947bd72 Fix MFA consistency in criteria (#2034) 2023-02-27 19:05:39 +10:30
829883c450 Use consistent language across articles for open-source (#2033) 2023-02-27 19:02:22 +10:30
e52286a1b0 New Crowdin translations by GitHub Action (#2032)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-02-27 15:25:13 +10:30
2a85daa3fa Fix Crowdin Download Workflow
Signed-off-by: Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
2023-02-26 21:30:15 -06:00
052671197b Create 404 Page (#2031) 2023-02-26 12:37:19 -06:00
f6ca66bbb4 Enable Hebrew, French, Dutch (#2022)
add french translations for navigation categories (#2028)

Co-Authored-By: Paul Verbeke 🇫🇷 <github.f9qel@simplelogin.com>
Co-Authored-By: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
Co-Authored-By: Niek de Wilde 🇳🇱 <niek@privacyguides.org>
Co-authored-by: Crowdin Bot <support+bot@crowdin.com>
Co-Authored-By: fireinme 🇮🇱 <126413261+freeopensourc@users.noreply.github.com>
2023-02-26 11:53:34 -06:00
d03f91b1c0 Remove nerd term "use case", fix typos (#2029) 2023-02-25 23:58:23 -06:00
74928bb4c7 Fix mistakes in various files (#2027) 2023-02-25 16:31:15 +10:30
7b6a158e4d Add Crowdin Translations (#2026)
Co-authored-by: Crowdin Bot <support+bot@crowdin.com>
Co-authored-by: Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
2023-02-24 16:47:54 -06:00
2150385184 Update GitHub Workflows (#2023) 2023-02-24 16:39:07 -06:00
561f6a7463 Configure HTTP Headers (#2021) 2023-02-24 11:12:00 -06:00
23b7effac9 Fix Black Line on Brave (#2018)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-02-22 21:14:25 +10:30
1cd29c6972 Bump actions/cache from 3.2.5 to 3.2.6
Bumps [actions/cache](https://github.com/actions/cache) from 3.2.5 to 3.2.6.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/cache/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/actions/cache/blob/main/RELEASES.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/cache/compare/v3.2.5...v3.2.6)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/cache
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
2023-02-22 04:15:52 +00:00
ebf28c2b35 Fix grammar on LibreTube entry (#2016)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-02-22 04:21:35 +10:30
3498602fdd Fix typo in frontends page (#2017)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-02-22 04:18:27 +10:30
7c6ebc5ebb Add LibreTube Logo (#2001)
Co-authored-by: Jonah Aragon <github@aragon.science>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-02-20 14:00:00 +10:30
d011fe716e Warning about k-9 reply mailing list (#2012) 2023-02-20 13:45:36 +10:30
428121c0c7 Clarify PGP on Apple Mail (#2011)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-02-19 00:54:32 +10:30
3361de1705 Remove ExifCleaner (#2000) 2023-02-17 08:15:22 -06:00
242894c291 Downrank messengers without PFS (#1999)
Co-Authored-By: mfwmyfacewhen <94880365+mfwmyfacewhen@users.noreply.github.com>
2023-02-16 15:24:48 -06:00
d67dcaea11 Define criteria on all pages (#1980) 2023-02-16 10:06:49 -06:00
e901d0db22 Update Fedora description (fs-verity) (#1997)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
2023-02-17 01:20:42 +10:30
815739b7bc Bump crowdin/github-action from 1.6.0 to 1.7.0
Bumps [crowdin/github-action](https://github.com/crowdin/github-action) from 1.6.0 to 1.7.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/crowdin/github-action/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/crowdin/github-action/compare/v1.6.0...v1.7.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: crowdin/github-action
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
2023-02-16 04:58:09 +00:00
2226 changed files with 224316 additions and 1866 deletions

20
.gitattributes vendored
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@ -1,3 +1,23 @@
# Copyright (c) 2020-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
# Auto detect text files and perform LF normalization
* text=auto

20
.github/CODEOWNERS vendored
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@ -1,3 +1,23 @@
# Copyright (c) 2019-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
# Additional Co-Owners are added to the TOP of this file
# High-traffic pages

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@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
---
name: "Content Correction"
about: Report any inaccurate, incorrect, or outdated information on the website.
---
## Description
**URL of affected page:**

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@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
# Copyright (c) 2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
name: "Content Correction"
description: Report any inaccurate, incorrect, or outdated information on the website.
labels: ["t:correction"]
body:
- type: markdown
attributes:
value: |
This form is for reporting verifiable issues with our website.
If you simply disagree with an opinion on the website, please open a discussion [on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/) instead.
- type: input
attributes:
label: Affected page
description: Please let us know which page the incorrect information can be found on.
placeholder: "https://www.privacyguides.org/en/data-redaction/"
validations:
required: true
- type: textarea
id: description
attributes:
label: Description
description: Please let us know what should be fixed.
placeholder: The Google Play Store link for ExifEraser is broken...
validations:
required: true
- type: textarea
id: source
attributes:
label: Sources
description: Please provide reliable sources that support the change you are requesting.
validations:
required: true
- type: checkboxes
id: checklist
attributes:
label: Before submitting
description: The Code of Conduct helps create a safe space for everyone. We require that everyone agrees to it.
options:
- label: I am reporting something that is verifiably incorrect, not a suggestion or opinion.
required: true
- label: I agree to the [Community Code of Conduct](https://www.privacyguides.org/en/code_of_conduct/).
required: true

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@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
---
name: "Website Issue"
about: Report a bug with the website. (NO CONTENT ISSUES)
---
<!--
READ ME FIRST:
This is NOT the place to request changes to the content of the website.
This is NOT the place to report issues with our services like Matrix.
This is ONLY for reporting bugs or technical issues with www.privacyguides.org, the website.
Please add screenshots if applicable.
-->

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@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
# Copyright (c) 2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
name: "Website Issue"
description: Report a bug with the website.
labels: ["t:bug"]
assignees:
- jonaharagon
body:
- type: markdown
attributes:
value: |
This form is only for reporting a technical bug __with our website__, like broken images, broken CSS, issues with search or themes, etc.
This is not the place to report an issue with Matrix, Discourse, or our other hosted services.
If you want us to fix inaccurate information on the website, go back and use the content correction form.
If you want to make another suggestion, please [use our discussion forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/) instead.
- type: textarea
id: description
attributes:
label: Bug description
description: |
Please give a detailed description of the bug.
Explain how the website does not behave as you would expect it to, and be as specific as possible.
If you have found a workaround or a fix for the problem too, please let us know.
validations:
required: true
- type: textarea
id: affected-pages
attributes:
label: Affected pages
description: |
Please list all pages where you've noticed this issue, or let us know if it affects every page on the site.
value: |
-
- type: dropdown
id: browser
attributes:
label: Browser
description: |
Please select the browser(s) you have noticed this issue with.
If your browser is not listed or the version is relevant, you may select _Other_ and provide more details in the description above.
multiple: true
options:
- Firefox
- Tor Browser
- Chrome
- Safari
- Edge
- Other
- type: dropdown
id: os
attributes:
label: Operating System
description: |
Please select the operating system(s) you have noticed this issue with.
multiple: true
options:
- Linux
- macOS
- Windows
- Android
- iOS
- Other
- type: checkboxes
id: checklist
attributes:
label: Before submitting
description: The Code of Conduct helps create a safe space for everyone. We require that everyone agrees to it.
options:
- label: I am reporting something that is broken on the website, not making a suggestion.
required: true
- label: I agree to the [Community Code of Conduct](https://www.privacyguides.org/en/code_of_conduct/).
required: true
- type: markdown
attributes:
value: Thank you for letting us know about this!

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@ -1,8 +1,29 @@
# Copyright (c) 2020-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
blank_issues_enabled: false
contact_links:
- name: Suggest a New Provider or Software
- name: Suggest Adding or Removing a Tool
url: https://discuss.privacyguides.net/c/site-development/suggestions
about: Suggest something new for us to look at, or something we should remove.
- name: Suggest a Guide
- name: Suggest a New Guide
url: https://discuss.privacyguides.net/c/site-development/guide-suggestions
about: Suggest an area where you think guidance might be required.
- name: Ask a Question

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@ -1,31 +1,23 @@
Changes proposed in this PR:
-
<!-- SCROLL TO BOTTOM TO AGREE!:
Please use a descriptive title for your PR, it will be included in our changelog!
Please share with us what you've changed.
If you are adding a software recommendation, give us a link to its website or
source code.
If you are making changes that you have a conflict of interest with, please
disclose this as well (this does not disqualify your PR by any means):
Conflict of interest contributions involve contributing about yourself,
family, friends, clients, employers, or your financial and other relationships.
Any external relationship can trigger a conflict of interest.
That someone has a conflict of interest is a description of a situation,
NOT a judgement about that person's opinions, integrity, or good faith.
If you have a conflict of interest, you MUST disclose who is paying you for
this contribution, who the client is (if for example, you are being paid by
an advertising agency), and any other relevant affiliations.
-->
<!-- Place an x in the boxes below, like: [x] -->
- [ ] Please check this box to confirm you have disclosed any relevant conflicts of interest in your post.
- [ ] Please check this box to confirm your agreement to grant Privacy Guides a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, transferable, royalty-free, irrevocable license with the right to sublicense such rights through multiple tiers of sublicensees, to reproduce, modify, display, perform, relicense, and distribute your contribution as part of our project.
- [ ] Please check this box to confirm you are the sole author of this work, or that any additional authors will also reply to this PR on GitHub confirming their agreement to these terms.
- [ ] I have disclosed any relevant conflicts of interest in my post.
- [ ] I agree to grant Privacy Guides a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, transferable, royalty-free, irrevocable license with the right to sublicense such rights through multiple tiers of sublicensees, to reproduce, modify, display, perform, relicense, and distribute my contribution as part of this project.
- [ ] I am the sole author of this work. <!-- Do not check this box if you are not -->
- [ ] I agree to the [Community Code of Conduct](https://www.privacyguides.org/en/code_of_conduct/).
<!-- What's this? When you submit a PR, you keep the Copyright for the work you
are contributing. We need you to agree to the above terms in order for us to

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@ -1,5 +1,33 @@
# Copyright (c) 2021-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
version: 2
registries:
github-privacyguides:
type: git
url: https://github.com
username: x-access-token
password: ${{secrets.REPO_PAT}}
updates:
# Maintain dependencies for GitHub Actions
@ -13,3 +41,28 @@ updates:
- "jonaharagon"
labels:
- "fix:github_actions"
# Maintain submodules
- package-ecosystem: "gitsubmodule"
directory: "/"
registries:
- github-privacyguides
schedule:
interval: "daily"
labels:
- "fix:submodules"
# Maintain dependencies for pipenv
- package-ecosystem: "pip"
directory: "/"
insecure-external-code-execution: allow
registries:
- github-privacyguides
schedule:
interval: "daily"
assignees:
- "jonaharagon"
reviewers:
- "jonaharagon"
labels:
- "fix:python"

54
.github/workflows/crowdin-download.yml vendored Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
# Copyright (c) 2022-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
name: 💬 Crowdin Download
on:
workflow_dispatch:
release:
types: [ published ]
permissions: write-all
jobs:
synchronize-with-crowdin:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v3
- name: crowdin action
uses: crowdin/github-action@v1.7.1
with:
upload_sources: false
upload_translations: false
download_translations: true
localization_branch_name: crowdin/l10n_translations
create_pull_request: true
pull_request_title: 'New Crowdin Translations'
pull_request_body: 'New Crowdin translations by [Crowdin GitHub Action](https://github.com/crowdin/github-action)'
pull_request_base_branch_name: 'main'
config: crowdin.yml
env:
GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.REPO_TOKEN }}
CROWDIN_PROJECT_ID: ${{ secrets.CROWDIN_PROJECT_ID }}
CROWDIN_PERSONAL_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CROWDIN_PERSONAL_TOKEN }}

51
.github/workflows/crowdin-upload.yml vendored Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
# Copyright (c) 2022-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
name: 💬 Crowdin Upload
on:
workflow_dispatch:
push:
branches: [ main ]
concurrency:
group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
cancel-in-progress: true
jobs:
synchronize-with-crowdin:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v3
- name: crowdin action
uses: crowdin/github-action@v1.7.1
with:
upload_sources: true
upload_sources_args: '--auto-update --delete-obsolete'
download_translations: false
config: crowdin.yml
env:
GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
CROWDIN_PROJECT_ID: ${{ secrets.CROWDIN_PROJECT_ID }}
CROWDIN_PERSONAL_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CROWDIN_PERSONAL_TOKEN }}

View File

@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
name: 💬 Crowdin Upload
on:
workflow_dispatch:
release:
types: [published]
jobs:
synchronize-with-crowdin:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Checkout
uses: actions/checkout@v3
- name: crowdin action
uses: crowdin/github-action@v1.6.0
with:
upload_sources: true
upload_sources_args: '--auto-update --delete-obsolete'
upload_translations: false
download_translations: false
config: crowdin.yml
env:
GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
CROWDIN_PROJECT_ID: ${{ secrets.CROWDIN_PROJECT_ID }}
CROWDIN_PERSONAL_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CROWDIN_PERSONAL_TOKEN }}

View File

@ -1,3 +1,23 @@
# Copyright (c) 2022 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
name: 🪞 Push to Mirrors
on: [ push, delete, create ]

View File

@ -1,3 +1,23 @@
# Copyright (c) 2022-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
name: 🛠️ Deploy to GitHub Pages
on:
@ -11,7 +31,7 @@ concurrency:
cancel-in-progress: true
env:
PYTHON_VERSION: 3.x
PYTHON_VERSION: 3.8
jobs:
build:
@ -23,8 +43,6 @@ jobs:
uses: actions/checkout@v3
with:
fetch-depth: '0'
ref: ${{github.event.pull_request.head.ref}}
repository: ${{github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name}}
ssh-key: ${{ secrets.ACTIONS_SSH_KEY }}
submodules: 'true'
@ -34,10 +52,10 @@ jobs:
- name: Python setup
uses: actions/setup-python@v4
with:
python-version: '3.10'
python-version: '3.8'
- name: Cache files
uses: actions/cache@v3.2.5
uses: actions/cache@v3.3.1
with:
key: ${{ github.ref }}
path: .cache
@ -52,15 +70,11 @@ jobs:
GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
CARDS: true
run: |
pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file mkdocs.production.yml
mv .well-known site/
pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.en.yml
pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.fr.yml
pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.he.yml
pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.nl.yml
pipenv run mkdocs --version
- name: Matrix homeserver configuration
run: |
mkdir -p site/.well-known/matrix
curl -o site/.well-known/matrix/server https://matrix.privacyguides.org/.well-known/matrix/server
curl -o site/.well-known/matrix/client https://matrix.privacyguides.org/.well-known/matrix/client
- name: Package website
uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v1

View File

@ -1,3 +1,23 @@
# Copyright (c) 2021-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
name: 📦 Releases
on:
@ -6,14 +26,81 @@ on:
- '*'
jobs:
release:
build:
name: Create Release
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
permissions:
contents: write
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v3
- uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1
- name: Checkout repository
uses: actions/checkout@v3
with:
fetch-depth: '0'
ssh-key: ${{ secrets.ACTIONS_SSH_KEY }}
submodules: 'true'
- name: Pages setup
uses: actions/configure-pages@v3
- name: Python setup
uses: actions/setup-python@v4
with:
python-version: '3.8'
- name: Cache files
uses: actions/cache@v3.3.1
with:
key: ${{ github.ref }}
path: .cache
- name: Install Python dependencies
run: |
pip install pipenv
pipenv install
- name: Build website
env:
GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
CARDS: true
run: |
pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.offline.yml
pipenv run mkdocs --version
- name: Package website
run: |
tar -czvf offline.tar.gz site
zip -r -q offline.zip site
- name: Upload tar.gz file
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
with:
name: offline.tar.gz
path: offline.tar.gz
- name: Upload zip file
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
with:
name: offline.zip
path: offline.zip
- name: Create ZIM File
uses: addnab/docker-run-action@v3
with:
image: openzim/zim-tools:latest
options: -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/data
run: |
zimwriterfs -w index.html -I assets/brand/PNG/Square/pg-yellow.png -l eng -t "Privacy Guides" -d "Your central privacy and security resource to protect yourself online." -c "Privacy Guides" -p "Jonah Aragon" -n "Privacy Guides" -e "https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org" /data/site /data/privacy_guides.zim
- name: Upload ZIM file
uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
with:
name: privacy_guides.zim
path: privacy_guides.zim
- name: Create release notes
uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1
with:
generateReleaseNotes: true
token: ${{ secrets.REPO_TOKEN }}
artifacts: "offline.zip,offline.tar.gz,privacy_guides.zim"

10
.gitmodules vendored
View File

@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[submodule "mkdocs-material-insiders"]
path = mkdocs-material
url = git@github.com:privacyguides/mkdocs-material-insiders.git
[submodule "docs/assets/brand"]
path = docs/assets/brand
[submodule "theme/assets/brand"]
path = theme/assets/brand
url = https://github.com/privacyguides/brand.git
[submodule "modules/mkdocs-material"]
path = modules/mkdocs-material
url = https://github.com/privacyguides/mkdocs-material-insiders.git

View File

@ -1,3 +1,23 @@
# Copyright (c) 2022 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
default: true
line-length: false
ul-indent:

1
Brewfile.netlify Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1 @@
brew "pngquant"

View File

@ -1,3 +1,23 @@
# Copyright (c) 2022 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
cff-version: 1.2.0
title: Privacy Guides
message: 'If you reference this website, please cite it in your work.'

22
LICENSE-CODE Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2019 - 2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
Copyright (c) 2020 - 2023 Privacy Guides contributors
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.

37
Pipfile
View File

@ -1,21 +1,38 @@
# Copyright (c) 2022 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
[[source]]
url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
verify_ssl = true
name = "pypi"
[packages]
mkdocs = "*"
mkdocs-material = {path = "./mkdocs-material"}
mkdocs-static-i18n = "*"
mkdocs-git-revision-date-localized-plugin = "*"
typing-extensions = "*"
mkdocs-git-committers-plugin-2 = "*"
mkdocs-macros-plugin = "*"
pillow = "*"
cairosvg = "*"
mkdocs-material = {path = "./modules/mkdocs-material"}
mkdocs-git-revision-date-localized-plugin = "~=1.2"
mkdocs-git-committers-plugin-2 = "~=1.1"
mkdocs-macros-plugin = "~=0.7"
pillow = "~=9.4"
cairosvg = "~=2.7"
[dev-packages]
scour = "*"
scour = "~=0.38"
[requires]
python_version = "3.8"

330
Pipfile.lock generated
View File

@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"_meta": {
"hash": {
"sha256": "e58ad55b2281815cbad8bd08738bc446b516cd8a1892d8d6df9e27dc709e4b76"
"sha256": "277944f03f8186276babbd120f5236037510ab2a6a7c61b36ab1ac71c8f00156"
},
"pipfile-spec": 6,
"requires": {
@ -18,34 +18,34 @@
"default": {
"babel": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:1ad3eca1c885218f6dce2ab67291178944f810a10a9b5f3cb8382a5a232b64fe",
"sha256:5ef4b3226b0180dedded4229651c8b0e1a3a6a2837d45a073272f313e4cf97f6"
"sha256:b4246fb7677d3b98f501a39d43396d3cafdc8eadb045f4a31be01863f655c610",
"sha256:cc2d99999cd01d44420ae725a21c9e3711b3aadc7976d6147f622d8581963455"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
"version": "==2.11.0"
"markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
"version": "==2.12.1"
},
"beautifulsoup4": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:0e79446b10b3ecb499c1556f7e228a53e64a2bfcebd455f370d8927cb5b59e39",
"sha256:bc4bdda6717de5a2987436fb8d72f45dc90dd856bdfd512a1314ce90349a0106"
"sha256:2130a5ad7f513200fae61a17abb5e338ca980fa28c439c0571014bc0217e9591",
"sha256:c5fceeaec29d09c84970e47c65f2f0efe57872f7cff494c9691a26ec0ff13234"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
"version": "==4.11.2"
"version": "==4.12.0"
},
"cairocffi": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:509339b32ccd8d7b00c2204c32736cde78db53a32e6a162d312478d25626cd9a"
"sha256:d105b49009d9b4970a459e38ff030cb5dfc8c8ee231e867d28f77ee9df44495e"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
"version": "==1.4.0"
"version": "==1.5.0"
},
"cairosvg": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:05069d5316e9f02f33028942f96929e01782db41e6ff07d8454c8d021b5b52f3",
"sha256:d5ec93e90101b3b6e82aa245d0546ee9b016cfda0b6344675159830d853d5d04"
"sha256:17cb96423a896258848322a95c80160e714a58f1af3dd73b8e1750994519b9f9",
"sha256:ac4dc7c1d38b3a15717db2633a3a383012e0be664c727c911637e6af6a49293c"
],
"index": "pypi",
"version": "==2.6.0"
"version": "==2.7.0"
},
"certifi": {
"hashes": [
@ -126,97 +126,84 @@
},
"charset-normalizer": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:00d3ffdaafe92a5dc603cb9bd5111aaa36dfa187c8285c543be562e61b755f6b",
"sha256:024e606be3ed92216e2b6952ed859d86b4cfa52cd5bc5f050e7dc28f9b43ec42",
"sha256:0298eafff88c99982a4cf66ba2efa1128e4ddaca0b05eec4c456bbc7db691d8d",
"sha256:02a51034802cbf38db3f89c66fb5d2ec57e6fe7ef2f4a44d070a593c3688667b",
"sha256:083c8d17153ecb403e5e1eb76a7ef4babfc2c48d58899c98fcaa04833e7a2f9a",
"sha256:0a11e971ed097d24c534c037d298ad32c6ce81a45736d31e0ff0ad37ab437d59",
"sha256:0bf2dae5291758b6f84cf923bfaa285632816007db0330002fa1de38bfcb7154",
"sha256:0c0a590235ccd933d9892c627dec5bc7511ce6ad6c1011fdf5b11363022746c1",
"sha256:0f438ae3532723fb6ead77e7c604be7c8374094ef4ee2c5e03a3a17f1fca256c",
"sha256:109487860ef6a328f3eec66f2bf78b0b72400280d8f8ea05f69c51644ba6521a",
"sha256:11b53acf2411c3b09e6af37e4b9005cba376c872503c8f28218c7243582df45d",
"sha256:12db3b2c533c23ab812c2b25934f60383361f8a376ae272665f8e48b88e8e1c6",
"sha256:14e76c0f23218b8f46c4d87018ca2e441535aed3632ca134b10239dfb6dadd6b",
"sha256:16a8663d6e281208d78806dbe14ee9903715361cf81f6d4309944e4d1e59ac5b",
"sha256:292d5e8ba896bbfd6334b096e34bffb56161c81408d6d036a7dfa6929cff8783",
"sha256:2c03cc56021a4bd59be889c2b9257dae13bf55041a3372d3295416f86b295fb5",
"sha256:2e396d70bc4ef5325b72b593a72c8979999aa52fb8bcf03f701c1b03e1166918",
"sha256:2edb64ee7bf1ed524a1da60cdcd2e1f6e2b4f66ef7c077680739f1641f62f555",
"sha256:31a9ddf4718d10ae04d9b18801bd776693487cbb57d74cc3458a7673f6f34639",
"sha256:356541bf4381fa35856dafa6a965916e54bed415ad8a24ee6de6e37deccf2786",
"sha256:358a7c4cb8ba9b46c453b1dd8d9e431452d5249072e4f56cfda3149f6ab1405e",
"sha256:37f8febc8ec50c14f3ec9637505f28e58d4f66752207ea177c1d67df25da5aed",
"sha256:39049da0ffb96c8cbb65cbf5c5f3ca3168990adf3551bd1dee10c48fce8ae820",
"sha256:39cf9ed17fe3b1bc81f33c9ceb6ce67683ee7526e65fde1447c772afc54a1bb8",
"sha256:3ae1de54a77dc0d6d5fcf623290af4266412a7c4be0b1ff7444394f03f5c54e3",
"sha256:3b590df687e3c5ee0deef9fc8c547d81986d9a1b56073d82de008744452d6541",
"sha256:3e45867f1f2ab0711d60c6c71746ac53537f1684baa699f4f668d4c6f6ce8e14",
"sha256:3fc1c4a2ffd64890aebdb3f97e1278b0cc72579a08ca4de8cd2c04799a3a22be",
"sha256:4457ea6774b5611f4bed5eaa5df55f70abde42364d498c5134b7ef4c6958e20e",
"sha256:44ba614de5361b3e5278e1241fda3dc1838deed864b50a10d7ce92983797fa76",
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"sha256:562c38eee4ce3f101ce631b804bfc2177a8a76c7e4dc908871fb6741a90257a7"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
"version": "==9.9.2"
"version": "==9.10"
},
"pyquery": {
"hashes": [
@ -667,7 +647,6 @@
"sha256:01a0681c4b9684a28304615eba55d1ab31ae00bf68ec157ec3708a8182dbbcd0",
"sha256:78f4f37d8198e0627c5f1143240bb0206b8691d8d7ac6d78fee88b78733f8c4a"
],
"markers": "python_version < '3.9'",
"version": "==2022.7.1"
},
"pyyaml": {
@ -851,11 +830,11 @@
},
"soupsieve": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:3b2503d3c7084a42b1ebd08116e5f81aadfaea95863628c80a3b774a11b7c759",
"sha256:fc53893b3da2c33de295667a0e19f078c14bf86544af307354de5fcf12a3f30d"
"sha256:49e5368c2cda80ee7e84da9dbe3e110b70a4575f196efb74e51b94549d921955",
"sha256:e28dba9ca6c7c00173e34e4ba57448f0688bb681b7c5e8bf4971daafc093d69a"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
"version": "==2.3.2.post1"
"markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
"version": "==2.4"
},
"termcolor": {
"hashes": [
@ -873,55 +852,46 @@
"markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
"version": "==1.2.1"
},
"typing-extensions": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:1511434bb92bf8dd198c12b1cc812e800d4181cfcb867674e0f8279cc93087aa",
"sha256:16fa4864408f655d35ec496218b85f79b3437c829e93320c7c9215ccfd92489e"
],
"index": "pypi",
"version": "==4.4.0"
},
"urllib3": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:076907bf8fd355cde77728471316625a4d2f7e713c125f51953bb5b3eecf4f72",
"sha256:75edcdc2f7d85b137124a6c3c9fc3933cdeaa12ecb9a6a959f22797a0feca7e1"
"sha256:8a388717b9476f934a21484e8c8e61875ab60644d29b9b39e11e4b9dc1c6b305",
"sha256:aa751d169e23c7479ce47a0cb0da579e3ede798f994f5816a74e4f4500dcea42"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '2.7' and python_version not in '3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5'",
"version": "==1.26.14"
"version": "==1.26.15"
},
"watchdog": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:102a60093090fc3ff76c983367b19849b7cc24ec414a43c0333680106e62aae1",
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"sha256:adaf2ece15f3afa33a6b45f76b333a7da9256e1360003032524d61bdb4c422ae",
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"sha256:3ed7c71a9dccfe838c2f0b6314ed0d9b22e77d268c67e015450a29036a81f60f",
"sha256:4c9956d27be0bb08fc5f30d9d0179a855436e655f046d288e2bcc11adfae893c",
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"sha256:5113334cf8cf0ac8cd45e1f8309a603291b614191c9add34d33075727a967709",
"sha256:51f90f73b4697bac9c9a78394c3acbbd331ccd3655c11be1a15ae6fe289a8c83",
"sha256:5d9f3a10e02d7371cd929b5d8f11e87d4bad890212ed3901f9b4d68767bee759",
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"sha256:7e447d172af52ad204d19982739aa2346245cc5ba6f579d16dac4bfec226d2e7",
"sha256:8ae9cda41fa114e28faf86cb137d751a17ffd0316d1c34ccf2235e8a84365c7f",
"sha256:8f3ceecd20d71067c7fd4c9e832d4e22584318983cabc013dbf3f70ea95de346",
"sha256:9fac43a7466eb73e64a9940ac9ed6369baa39b3bf221ae23493a9ec4d0022674",
"sha256:a70a8dcde91be523c35b2bf96196edc5730edb347e374c7de7cd20c43ed95397",
"sha256:adfdeab2da79ea2f76f87eb42a3ab1966a5313e5a69a0213a3cc06ef692b0e96",
"sha256:ba07e92756c97e3aca0912b5cbc4e5ad802f4557212788e72a72a47ff376950d",
"sha256:c07253088265c363d1ddf4b3cdb808d59a0468ecd017770ed716991620b8f77a",
"sha256:c9d8c8ec7efb887333cf71e328e39cffbf771d8f8f95d308ea4125bf5f90ba64",
"sha256:d00e6be486affb5781468457b21a6cbe848c33ef43f9ea4a73b4882e5f188a44",
"sha256:d429c2430c93b7903914e4db9a966c7f2b068dd2ebdd2fa9b9ce094c7d459f33"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
"version": "==2.2.1"
"markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
"version": "==3.0.0"
},
"webencodings": {
"hashes": [
@ -932,11 +902,11 @@
},
"zipp": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:23f70e964bc11a34cef175bc90ba2914e1e4545ea1e3e2f67c079671883f9cb6",
"sha256:e8b2a36ea17df80ffe9e2c4fda3f693c3dad6df1697d3cd3af232db680950b0b"
"sha256:112929ad649da941c23de50f356a2b5570c954b65150642bccdd66bf194d224b",
"sha256:48904fc76a60e542af151aded95726c1a5c34ed43ab4134b597665c86d7ad556"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
"version": "==3.13.0"
"version": "==3.15.0"
}
},
"develop": {

View File

@ -28,6 +28,9 @@
<a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/pulls?q=is%3Apr+is%3Aclosed">
<img src="https://img.shields.io/github/issues-pr-closed-raw/privacyguides/privacyguides.org">
</a>
<a href="https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides">
<img src="https://badges.crowdin.net/privacyguides/localized.svg">
</a>
<a href="https://opencollective.com/privacyguides">
<img src="https://img.shields.io/opencollective/all/privacyguides">
</a></p>
@ -56,43 +59,39 @@ Our current list of team members can be found [here](https://www.privacyguides.o
[![Codeberg](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=codeberg&label=&message=Codeberg&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://codeberg.org/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
[![SourceHut](https://img.shields.io/static/v1?logo=git&label=&message=SourceHut&color=000&style=for-the-badge)](https://git.sr.ht/~jonaharagon/privacyguides.org)
## License
Copyright &copy; 2019 - 2023 [Privacy Guides contributors](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/graphs/contributors).
Privacy Guides content is licensed under the [Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License](/LICENSE), and the underlying source code used to format and display that content on [www.privacyguides.org](https://www.privacyguides.org) is licensed under the [MIT License](/LICENSE-CODE).
[More info...](https://www.privacyguides.org/en/about/notices/#licenses)
## Developing
Committing to this repository requires [signing your commits](https://docs.github.com/en/authentication/managing-commit-signature-verification/signing-commits) (`git config commit.gpgsign true`) unless you are making edits via the GitHub.com text editor interface. As of August 2022 the preferred signing method is [SSH commit signatures](https://docs.github.com/en/authentication/managing-commit-signature-verification/about-commit-signature-verification#ssh-commit-signature-verification), but GPG signing is also acceptable. You should add your signing key to your GitHub profile.
This website uses [`mkdocs-material-insiders`](https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/insiders/) which offers additional functionality over the open-source `mkdocs-material` project. For obvious reasons we cannot distribute access to the insiders repository. You can install the website locally with the open-source version of `mkdocs-material`:
1. Clone this repository:
- `git clone https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org.git` (then `cd privacyguides.org`)
- `git submodule init`
- `git submodule update docs/assets/brand`
- `git config gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile .allowed_signers`
2. Install [Python 3.6+](https://www.python.org/downloads/) (currently only tested with 3.10)
3. Install [dependencies](/Pipfile): `pip install mkdocs mkdocs-material mkdocs-static-i18n mkdocs-macros-plugin typing-extensions`
4. Serve the site locally: `mkdocs serve`
- The site will be available at `http://localhost:8000`
- You can build the site locally with `mkdocs build`
- Your local version of the site may be missing functionality, which is expected. If you are submitting a PR, please ensure the automatic preview generated for your PR looks correct, as that site will be built with the production insiders build.
This website uses [`mkdocs-material-insiders`](https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/insiders/) which offers additional functionality over the open-source `mkdocs-material` project. For obvious reasons we cannot distribute access to the insiders repository. Running this website locally without access to insiders is unsupported. If you are submitting a PR, please ensure the automatic preview generated for your PR looks correct, as that site will be built with the production insiders build.
**Team members** should clone the repository with `mkdocs-material-insiders` directly. This method is identical to production:
1. Clone this repository and submodules: `git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org.git`
2. Enable SSH commit verification with our local [`.allowed_signers`](/.allowed_signers) file: `git config gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile .allowed_signers`
3. Install Python **3.10**
3. Install Python **3.8**, this is the only version supported by Netlify.
4. Install **pipenv**: `pip install pipenv`
5. Install dependencies: `pipenv install --dev` (install [Pillow and CairoSVG](https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/setup/setting-up-social-cards/#dependencies) as well to generate social cards)
6. Serve the site locally: `pipenv run mkdocs serve --config-file mkdocs.production.yml` (set `CARDS=true` to generate social cards)
6. Serve the site locally: `pipenv run mkdocs serve --config-file config/mkdocs.en.yml` (set `CARDS=true` to generate social cards)
- The site will be available at `http://localhost:8000`
- You can build the site locally with `pipenv run mkdocs build`
- You can build the site locally with `pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.en.yml`
- This version of the site should be identical to the live, production version
If you commit to `main` with commits signed with your SSH key, you should add your SSH key to [`.allowed_signers`](/.allowed_signers) in this repo.
## Releasing
1. Create a new tag: `git tag -s v2.X.X -m 'Some message'`
1. Create a new tag: `git tag -s v3.X.X -m 'Some message'`
- [View existing tags](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/tags)
- Tag [numbering](https://semver.org/): Increment the MINOR (2nd) number when making significant changes (adding/deleting pages, etc.), increment the PATCH (3rd) number when making minor changes (typos, bug fixes). Probably leave the MAJOR number at 2 until a massive revamp (v1 -> v2 was the Jekyll to MkDocs transition).
- Tag [numbering](https://semver.org/): Increment the MINOR (2nd) number when making significant changes (adding/deleting pages, etc.), increment the PATCH (3rd) number when making minor changes (typos, bug fixes). Probably leave the MAJOR number at 3 until a massive revamp (v1 -> v2 was the Jekyll to MkDocs transition, v2 -> v3 was the introduction of translations).
- Consider enabling GPG tag signing by default (`git config tag.gpgSign true`) to avoid missing signatures
2. Push the tag to GitHub: `git push --tags`
3. A GitHub Release will be automatically created and deployed to the live site.

63
_redirects Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
/ /en/ 302 Language=en
/ /fr/ 302 Language=fr
/ /he/ 302 Language=he
/ /nl/ 302 Language=nl
/ /en/ 302
/.well-known/matrix/* https://matrix.privacyguides.org/.well-known/matrix/:splat 200
/kb /en/basics/threat-modeling/
/:lang/kb /:lang/basics/threat-modeling/
/coc/ /en/CODE_OF_CONDUCT/
/team /en/about/
/browsers /en/desktop-browsers/
/blog https://blog.privacyguides.org
/basics/dns-overview /en/advanced/dns-overview/
/basics/tor-overview /en/advanced/tor-overview/
/real-time-communication/communication-network-types /en/advanced/communication-network-types
/advanced/real-time-communication /en/advanced/communication-network-types
/android/overview /en/os/android-overview/
/linux-desktop/overview /en/os/linux-overview/
/android/grapheneos-vs-calyxos https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/21/grapheneos-or-calyxos/
/ios/configuration https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/10/22/ios-configuration-guide/
/linux-desktop/hardening https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/22/linux-system-hardening/
/linux-desktop/sandboxing https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/22/linux-application-sandboxing/
/advanced/signal-configuration-hardening https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/07/07/signal-configuration-and-hardening/
/real-time-communication/signal-configuration-hardening https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/07/07/signal-configuration-and-hardening/
/advanced/integrating-metadata-removal https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/09/integrating-metadata-removal/
/advanced/erasing-data https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/05/25/secure-data-erasure/
/operating-systems /en/desktop/
/threat-modeling /en/basics/threat-modeling/
/self-contained-networks /en/tor/
/privacy-policy /en/about/privacy-policy/
/metadata-removal-tools /en/data-redaction/
/basics /en/kb
/software/file-encryption /en/encryption/
/providers /en/tools/#service-providers
/software/calendar-contacts /en/calendar/
/calendar-contacts /en/calendar/
/software/metadata-removal-tools /en/data-redaction/
/contact /en/about/
/welcome-to-privacy-guides https://blog.privacyguides.org/2021/09/14/welcome-to-privacy-guides/
/software/email /en/email-clients/
/providers/paste /en/tools/
/blog/2019/10/05/understanding-vpns https://www.jonaharagon.com/posts/understanding-vpns/
/terms-and-notices /en/about/notices/
/software/networks /en/tor/
/social-news-aggregator /en/news-aggregators/
/basics/erasing-data https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/05/25/secure-data-erasure/
/linux-desktop /en/desktop/
/providers/:slug /en/:slug/
/software/:slug /en/:slug/
/blog/* https://blog.privacyguides.org/:splat
/assets/* /en/assets/:splat
/:slug/ /en/:slug/
/about/:slug/ /en/about/:slug/
/advanced/:slug/ /en/advanced/:slug/
/basics/:slug/ /en/basics/:slug/
/meta/:slug/ /en/meta/:slug/
/os/:slug/ /en/os/:slug/

137
config/mkdocs.common.yml Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
# Copyright (c) 2022-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
extra:
social:
- icon: simple/mastodon
link: https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides
name: Mastodon
- icon: simple/matrix
link: https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org
name: Matrix
- icon: simple/discourse
link: https://discuss.privacyguides.net/
name: Forum
- icon: simple/github
link: https://github.com/privacyguides
name: GitHub
alternate:
- name: English
link: /en/
lang: en
icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/twitter/twemoji/master/assets/svg/1f1fa-1f1f8.svg
- name: Français
link: /fr/
lang: fr
icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/twitter/twemoji/master/assets/svg/1f1eb-1f1f7.svg
- name: עִברִית
link: /he/
lang: he
icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/twitter/twemoji/master/assets/svg/1f1ee-1f1f1.svg
- name: Nederlands
link: /nl/
lang: nl
icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/twitter/twemoji/master/assets/svg/1f1f3-1f1f1.svg
repo_url: https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org
repo_name: ""
theme:
name: material
custom_dir: ../theme
favicon: assets/brand/png/favicon/favicon-32x32.png
icon:
repo: simple/github
features:
- navigation.tracking
- navigation.tabs
- navigation.sections
- navigation.expand
- navigation.path
- navigation.indexes
- content.tooltips
- search.highlight
extra_css:
- assets/stylesheets/extra.css?v=3.2.0
extra_javascript:
- assets/javascripts/mathjax.js
- assets/javascripts/feedback.js
watch:
- ../theme
- ../includes
- mkdocs.common.yml
plugins:
tags: {}
search: {}
macros: {}
meta: {}
git-committers:
enabled: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
repository: privacyguides/privacyguides.org
branch: main
git-revision-date-localized:
enabled: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
exclude:
- index.md
fallback_to_build_date: true
privacy:
external_assets_exclude:
- cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/*
- api.privacyguides.net/*
optimize:
enabled: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
typeset: {}
markdown_extensions:
admonition: {}
pymdownx.details: {}
pymdownx.superfences:
custom_fences:
- name: mermaid
class: mermaid
format: !!python/name:pymdownx.superfences.fence_code_format
pymdownx.tabbed:
alternate_style: true
pymdownx.arithmatex:
generic: true
pymdownx.critic: {}
pymdownx.caret: {}
pymdownx.keys: {}
pymdownx.mark: {}
pymdownx.tilde: {}
pymdownx.snippets: {}
pymdownx.tasklist:
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attr_list: {}
def_list: {}
md_in_html: {}
meta: {}
abbr: {}
pymdownx.emoji:
emoji_index: !!python/name:materialx.emoji.twemoji
emoji_generator: !!python/name:materialx.emoji.to_svg
tables: {}
footnotes: {}
toc:
permalink: true
toc_depth: 4

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# Copyright (c) 2022-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
INHERIT: mkdocs.common.yml
docs_dir: '../docs'
site_url: "https://www.privacyguides.org/en/"
site_dir: '../site/en'
site_name: Privacy Guides
site_description: |
Privacy Guides is your central privacy and security resource to protect yourself online.
copyright: |
<b>Privacy Guides</b> is a non-profit, socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy.<br>
We do not make money from recommending certain products, and we do not use affiliate links.<br>
&copy; 2022 Privacy Guides and contributors.
<span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="m245.83 214.87-33.22 17.28c-9.43-19.58-25.24-19.93-27.46-19.93-22.13 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.57 9.21 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.47 0 24.65-7.09 30.57-21.26l30.55 15.5c-6.17 11.51-25.69 38.98-65.1 38.98-22.6 0-73.96-10.32-73.96-77.05 0-58.69 43-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.72-.01 52.7 11.95 65.99 35.86zm143.05 0-32.78 17.28c-9.5-19.77-25.72-19.93-27.9-19.93-22.14 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.55 9.23 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.45 0 24.65-7.09 30.54-21.26l31 15.5c-2.1 3.75-21.39 38.98-65.09 38.98-22.69 0-73.96-9.87-73.96-77.05 0-58.67 42.97-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.71-.01 52.58 11.95 65.56 35.86zM247.56 8.05C104.74 8.05 0 123.11 0 256.05c0 138.49 113.6 248 247.56 248 129.93 0 248.44-100.87 248.44-248 0-137.87-106.62-248-248.44-248zm.87 450.81c-112.54 0-203.7-93.04-203.7-202.81 0-105.42 85.43-203.27 203.72-203.27 112.53 0 202.82 89.46 202.82 203.26-.01 121.69-99.68 202.82-202.84 202.82z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M314.9 194.4v101.4h-28.3v120.5h-77.1V295.9h-28.3V194.4c0-4.4 1.6-8.2 4.6-11.3 3.1-3.1 6.9-4.7 11.3-4.7H299c4.1 0 7.8 1.6 11.1 4.7 3.1 3.2 4.8 6.9 4.8 11.3zm-101.5-63.7c0-23.3 11.5-35 34.5-35s34.5 11.7 34.5 35c0 23-11.5 34.5-34.5 34.5s-34.5-11.5-34.5-34.5zM247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3zm94 144.3v42.5H162.1V197h180.3zm0 79.8v42.5H162.1v-42.5h180.3z"></path></svg></span>
Content licensed under <a href="/about/"><strong>CC BY-ND 4.0</strong></a>.
edit_uri: edit/main/docs/
extra:
generator: false
analytics:
provider: plausible
property: privacyguides.org
feedback:
title: "Was this page helpful?"
ratings:
- icon: material/robot-happy-outline
name: "This page was helpful"
data: Helpful
note: "Thanks for your feedback!"
- icon: material/robot-confused
name: "This page could be improved"
data: Needs Improvement
note: "Thanks for your feedback! Help us improve this page by opening a <a href='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'>discussion on our forum</a>."
theme:
language: en
logo: ../theme/assets/brand/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo-notext-colorbg.svg
font:
text: Public Sans
code: DM Mono
palette:
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme)"
scheme: default
accent: deep purple
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-auto
name: "Switch to dark mode"
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"
scheme: slate
accent: amber
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-2
name: "Switch to light mode"
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme: light)"
scheme: default
accent: deep purple
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-5
name: "Switch to system theme"
plugins:
social:
cards: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
cards_color:
fill: "#FFD06F"
text: "#2d2d2d"
cards_dir: assets/img/social
cards_font: Public Sans
cache_dir: .cache/plugin/social-en
markdown_extensions:
pymdownx.snippets:
auto_append:
- includes/abbreviations.en.txt
nav:
- Home: 'index.md'
- Knowledge Base:
- 'basics/threat-modeling.md'
- 'basics/common-threats.md'
- 'basics/common-misconceptions.md'
- 'basics/account-creation.md'
- 'basics/account-deletion.md'
- Technology Essentials:
- 'basics/passwords-overview.md'
- 'basics/multi-factor-authentication.md'
- 'basics/email-security.md'
- 'basics/vpn-overview.md'
- Operating Systems:
- 'os/android-overview.md'
- 'os/linux-overview.md'
- 'os/qubes-overview.md'
- Advanced Topics:
- 'advanced/dns-overview.md'
- 'advanced/tor-overview.md'
- 'advanced/payments.md'
- 'advanced/communication-network-types.md'
- kb-archive.md
- Recommendations:
- 'tools.md'
- Internet Browsing:
- 'tor.md'
- 'desktop-browsers.md'
- 'mobile-browsers.md'
- Operating Systems:
- 'android.md'
- 'desktop.md'
- 'router.md'
- Providers:
- 'cloud.md'
- 'dns.md'
- 'email.md'
- 'financial-services.md'
- 'search-engines.md'
- 'phone.md'
- 'vpn.md'
- Software:
- 'calendar.md'
- 'cryptocurrency.md'
- 'data-redaction.md'
- 'email-clients.md'
- 'encryption.md'
- 'file-sharing.md'
- 'frontends.md'
- 'multi-factor-authentication.md'
- 'news-aggregators.md'
- 'notebooks.md'
- 'passwords.md'
- 'productivity.md'
- 'real-time-communication.md'
- 'video-streaming.md'
- About:
- 'about/index.md'
- 'about/criteria.md'
- 'about/statistics.md'
- 'about/notices.md'
- 'about/privacy-policy.md'
- Community:
- 'about/donate.md'
- Online Services: 'about/services.md'
- Code of Conduct: 'CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md'
- 'about/privacytools.md'
- Contributing:
- Writing Guide:
- 'meta/writing-style.md'
- 'meta/brand.md'
- Technical Guides:
- 'meta/uploading-images.md'
- 'meta/git-recommendations.md'
- Changelog: 'https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/releases'
- Forum: 'https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'
- Blog: 'https://blog.privacyguides.org/'

171
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# Copyright (c) 2022-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
INHERIT: mkdocs.common.yml
docs_dir: '../i18n/fr'
site_url: "https://www.privacyguides.org/fr/"
site_dir: '../site/fr'
site_name: Privacy Guides
site_description: |
Privacy Guides est votre ressource centrale en matière de vie privée et de sécurité pour vous protéger en ligne.
copyright: |
<b>Privacy Guides</b> is a non-profit, socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy.<br>
We do not make money from recommending certain products, and we do not use affiliate links.<br>
&copy; 2022 Privacy Guides and contributors.
<span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="m245.83 214.87-33.22 17.28c-9.43-19.58-25.24-19.93-27.46-19.93-22.13 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.57 9.21 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.47 0 24.65-7.09 30.57-21.26l30.55 15.5c-6.17 11.51-25.69 38.98-65.1 38.98-22.6 0-73.96-10.32-73.96-77.05 0-58.69 43-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.72-.01 52.7 11.95 65.99 35.86zm143.05 0-32.78 17.28c-9.5-19.77-25.72-19.93-27.9-19.93-22.14 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.55 9.23 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.45 0 24.65-7.09 30.54-21.26l31 15.5c-2.1 3.75-21.39 38.98-65.09 38.98-22.69 0-73.96-9.87-73.96-77.05 0-58.67 42.97-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.71-.01 52.58 11.95 65.56 35.86zM247.56 8.05C104.74 8.05 0 123.11 0 256.05c0 138.49 113.6 248 247.56 248 129.93 0 248.44-100.87 248.44-248 0-137.87-106.62-248-248.44-248zm.87 450.81c-112.54 0-203.7-93.04-203.7-202.81 0-105.42 85.43-203.27 203.72-203.27 112.53 0 202.82 89.46 202.82 203.26-.01 121.69-99.68 202.82-202.84 202.82z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M314.9 194.4v101.4h-28.3v120.5h-77.1V295.9h-28.3V194.4c0-4.4 1.6-8.2 4.6-11.3 3.1-3.1 6.9-4.7 11.3-4.7H299c4.1 0 7.8 1.6 11.1 4.7 3.1 3.2 4.8 6.9 4.8 11.3zm-101.5-63.7c0-23.3 11.5-35 34.5-35s34.5 11.7 34.5 35c0 23-11.5 34.5-34.5 34.5s-34.5-11.5-34.5-34.5zM247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3zm94 144.3v42.5H162.1V197h180.3zm0 79.8v42.5H162.1v-42.5h180.3z"></path></svg></span>
Content licensed under <a href="/about/"><strong>CC BY-ND 4.0</strong></a>.
edit_uri: edit/main/i18n/fr/
extra:
generator: false
analytics:
provider: plausible
property: privacyguides.org
feedback:
title: "Cette page vous a été utile ?"
ratings:
- icon: material/robot-happy-outline
name: "Cette page a été utile"
data: Helpful
note: "Merci pour votre retour !"
- icon: material/robot-confused
name: "Cette page pourrait être améliorée"
data: Needs Improvement
note: "Thanks for your feedback! Help us improve this page by opening a <a href='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'>discussion on our forum</a>."
theme:
language: fr
logo: ../../theme/assets/brand/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo-notext-colorbg.svg
font:
text: Public Sans
code: DM Mono
palette:
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme)"
scheme: default
accent: deep purple
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-auto
name: "Basculer en mode sombre"
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"
scheme: slate
accent: amber
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-2
name: "Basculer en mode clair"
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme: light)"
scheme: default
accent: deep purple
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-5
name: "Basculer vers le thème du système"
plugins:
social:
cards: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
cards_color:
fill: "#FFD06F"
text: "#2d2d2d"
cards_dir: assets/img/social
cards_font: Public Sans
cache_dir: .cache/plugin/social-fr
markdown_extensions:
pymdownx.snippets:
auto_append:
- includes/abbreviations.fr.txt
nav:
- Accueil: 'index.md'
- Base de connaissances:
- 'basics/threat-modeling.md'
- 'basics/common-threats.md'
- 'basics/common-misconceptions.md'
- 'basics/account-creation.md'
- 'basics/account-deletion.md'
- Les essentiels de la technologie:
- 'basics/passwords-overview.md'
- 'basics/multi-factor-authentication.md'
- 'basics/email-security.md'
- 'basics/vpn-overview.md'
- "Systèmes d'exploitation":
- 'os/android-overview.md'
- 'os/linux-overview.md'
- 'os/qubes-overview.md'
- "Sujets avancés":
- 'advanced/dns-overview.md'
- 'advanced/tor-overview.md'
- 'advanced/payments.md'
- 'advanced/communication-network-types.md'
- kb-archive.md
- Recommandations:
- 'tools.md'
- Navigation internet:
- 'tor.md'
- 'desktop-browsers.md'
- 'mobile-browsers.md'
- "Systèmes d'exploitation":
- 'android.md'
- 'desktop.md'
- 'router.md'
- "Fournisseurs":
- 'cloud.md'
- 'dns.md'
- 'email.md'
- 'financial-services.md'
- 'search-engines.md'
- 'phone.md'
- 'vpn.md'
- "Logiciels":
- 'calendar.md'
- 'cryptocurrency.md'
- 'data-redaction.md'
- 'email-clients.md'
- 'encryption.md'
- 'file-sharing.md'
- 'frontends.md'
- 'multi-factor-authentication.md'
- 'news-aggregators.md'
- 'notebooks.md'
- 'passwords.md'
- 'productivity.md'
- 'real-time-communication.md'
- 'video-streaming.md'
- "À propos":
- 'about/index.md'
- 'about/criteria.md'
- 'about/statistics.md'
- 'about/notices.md'
- 'about/privacy-policy.md'
- Community:
- 'about/donate.md'
- Online Services: 'about/services.md'
- Code of Conduct: 'CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md'
- 'about/privacytools.md'
- Contributing:
- Writing Guide:
- 'meta/writing-style.md'
- 'meta/brand.md'
- Technical Guides:
- 'meta/uploading-images.md'
- 'meta/git-recommendations.md'
- Journal des modifications: 'https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/releases'
- Forum: 'https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'
- Blog: 'https://blog.privacyguides.org/'

175
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@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
# Copyright (c) 2022-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
INHERIT: mkdocs.common.yml
docs_dir: '../i18n/he'
site_url: "https://www.privacyguides.org/he/"
site_dir: '../site/he'
site_name: Privacy Guides
site_description: |
Privacy Guides (מדריכי פרטיות) הם משאב הפרטיות והאבטחה המרכזי שלכם כדי להגן על עצמכם באופן מקוון.
copyright: |
<b>Privacy Guides</b> is a non-profit, socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy.<br>
We do not make money from recommending certain products, and we do not use affiliate links.<br>
&copy; 2022 Privacy Guides and contributors.
<span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="m245.83 214.87-33.22 17.28c-9.43-19.58-25.24-19.93-27.46-19.93-22.13 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.57 9.21 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.47 0 24.65-7.09 30.57-21.26l30.55 15.5c-6.17 11.51-25.69 38.98-65.1 38.98-22.6 0-73.96-10.32-73.96-77.05 0-58.69 43-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.72-.01 52.7 11.95 65.99 35.86zm143.05 0-32.78 17.28c-9.5-19.77-25.72-19.93-27.9-19.93-22.14 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.55 9.23 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.45 0 24.65-7.09 30.54-21.26l31 15.5c-2.1 3.75-21.39 38.98-65.09 38.98-22.69 0-73.96-9.87-73.96-77.05 0-58.67 42.97-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.71-.01 52.58 11.95 65.56 35.86zM247.56 8.05C104.74 8.05 0 123.11 0 256.05c0 138.49 113.6 248 247.56 248 129.93 0 248.44-100.87 248.44-248 0-137.87-106.62-248-248.44-248zm.87 450.81c-112.54 0-203.7-93.04-203.7-202.81 0-105.42 85.43-203.27 203.72-203.27 112.53 0 202.82 89.46 202.82 203.26-.01 121.69-99.68 202.82-202.84 202.82z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M314.9 194.4v101.4h-28.3v120.5h-77.1V295.9h-28.3V194.4c0-4.4 1.6-8.2 4.6-11.3 3.1-3.1 6.9-4.7 11.3-4.7H299c4.1 0 7.8 1.6 11.1 4.7 3.1 3.2 4.8 6.9 4.8 11.3zm-101.5-63.7c0-23.3 11.5-35 34.5-35s34.5 11.7 34.5 35c0 23-11.5 34.5-34.5 34.5s-34.5-11.5-34.5-34.5zM247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3zm94 144.3v42.5H162.1V197h180.3zm0 79.8v42.5H162.1v-42.5h180.3z"></path></svg></span>
Content licensed under <a href="/about/"><strong>CC BY-ND 4.0</strong></a>.
edit_uri: edit/main/i18n/he/
extra:
generator: false
analytics:
provider: plausible
property: privacyguides.org
feedback:
title: "האם הדף הזה עזר לך?"
ratings:
- icon: material/robot-happy-outline
name: "הדף הזה היה מועיל"
data: Helpful
note: "תודה על המשוב שלך!"
- icon: material/robot-confused
name: "דף זה יכול להשתפר"
data: Needs Improvement
note: "תודה על המשוב שלך! Help us improve this page by opening a <a href='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'>discussion on our forum</a>."
extra_css:
- assets/stylesheets/extra.css?v=3.2.0
- assets/stylesheets/lang-he.css?v=3.4.0
theme:
language: he
logo: ../../theme/assets/brand/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo-notext-colorbg.svg
font:
text: Open Sans
code: Cousine
palette:
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme)"
scheme: default
accent: deep purple
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-auto
name: "עבור למצב כהה"
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"
scheme: slate
accent: amber
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-2
name: "עבור למצב בהיר"
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme: light)"
scheme: default
accent: deep purple
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-5
name: "עבור לערכת הנושא של המערכת"
plugins:
social:
cards: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
cards_color:
fill: "#FFD06F"
text: "#2d2d2d"
cards_dir: assets/img/social
cards_font: Suez One
cache_dir: .cache/plugin/social-he
markdown_extensions:
pymdownx.snippets:
auto_append:
- includes/abbreviations.he.txt
nav:
- "דף הבית": 'index.md'
- "ידע בסיסי":
- 'basics/threat-modeling.md'
- 'basics/common-threats.md'
- 'basics/common-misconceptions.md'
- 'basics/account-creation.md'
- 'basics/account-deletion.md'
- "יסודות הטכנולוגיה":
- 'basics/passwords-overview.md'
- 'basics/multi-factor-authentication.md'
- 'basics/email-security.md'
- 'basics/vpn-overview.md'
- "מערכות הפעלה":
- 'os/android-overview.md'
- 'os/linux-overview.md'
- 'os/qubes-overview.md'
- "נושאים מתקדמים":
- 'advanced/dns-overview.md'
- 'advanced/tor-overview.md'
- 'advanced/payments.md'
- 'advanced/communication-network-types.md'
- kb-archive.md
- "המלצות":
- 'tools.md'
- "גלישה באינטרנט":
- 'tor.md'
- 'desktop-browsers.md'
- 'mobile-browsers.md'
- "מערכות הפעלה":
- 'android.md'
- 'desktop.md'
- 'router.md'
- "ספקים":
- 'cloud.md'
- 'dns.md'
- 'email.md'
- 'financial-services.md'
- 'search-engines.md'
- 'phone.md'
- 'vpn.md'
- "תוכנה":
- 'calendar.md'
- 'cryptocurrency.md'
- 'data-redaction.md'
- 'email-clients.md'
- 'encryption.md'
- 'file-sharing.md'
- 'frontends.md'
- 'multi-factor-authentication.md'
- 'news-aggregators.md'
- 'notebooks.md'
- 'passwords.md'
- 'productivity.md'
- 'real-time-communication.md'
- 'video-streaming.md'
- "על אודות":
- 'about/index.md'
- 'about/criteria.md'
- 'about/statistics.md'
- 'about/notices.md'
- 'about/privacy-policy.md'
- Community:
- 'about/donate.md'
- Online Services: 'about/services.md'
- Code of Conduct: 'CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md'
- 'about/privacytools.md'
- Contributing:
- Writing Guide:
- 'meta/writing-style.md'
- 'meta/brand.md'
- Technical Guides:
- 'meta/uploading-images.md'
- 'meta/git-recommendations.md'
- "יומן שינויים": 'https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/releases'
- "פורום": 'https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'
- "בלוג": 'https://blog.privacyguides.org/'

171
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@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
# Copyright (c) 2022-2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
INHERIT: mkdocs.common.yml
docs_dir: '../i18n/nl'
site_url: "https://www.privacyguides.org/nl/"
site_dir: '../site/nl'
site_name: Privacy Guides
site_description: |
Privacy Guides is jouw centrale bron voor privacy en beveiliging om jezelf online te beschermen.
copyright: |
<b>Privacy Guides</b> is een non-profit, sociaal gemotiveerde website die informatie biedt voor de bescherming van jouw gegevensbeveiliging en privacy.<br>
Wij verdienen geen geld met het aanbevelen van bepaalde producten, en wij maken geen gebruik van affiliate links.<br>
&copy; 2022 Privacy Guides en medewerkers.
<span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="m245.83 214.87-33.22 17.28c-9.43-19.58-25.24-19.93-27.46-19.93-22.13 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.57 9.21 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.47 0 24.65-7.09 30.57-21.26l30.55 15.5c-6.17 11.51-25.69 38.98-65.1 38.98-22.6 0-73.96-10.32-73.96-77.05 0-58.69 43-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.72-.01 52.7 11.95 65.99 35.86zm143.05 0-32.78 17.28c-9.5-19.77-25.72-19.93-27.9-19.93-22.14 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.55 9.23 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.45 0 24.65-7.09 30.54-21.26l31 15.5c-2.1 3.75-21.39 38.98-65.09 38.98-22.69 0-73.96-9.87-73.96-77.05 0-58.67 42.97-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.71-.01 52.58 11.95 65.56 35.86zM247.56 8.05C104.74 8.05 0 123.11 0 256.05c0 138.49 113.6 248 247.56 248 129.93 0 248.44-100.87 248.44-248 0-137.87-106.62-248-248.44-248zm.87 450.81c-112.54 0-203.7-93.04-203.7-202.81 0-105.42 85.43-203.27 203.72-203.27 112.53 0 202.82 89.46 202.82 203.26-.01 121.69-99.68 202.82-202.84 202.82z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M314.9 194.4v101.4h-28.3v120.5h-77.1V295.9h-28.3V194.4c0-4.4 1.6-8.2 4.6-11.3 3.1-3.1 6.9-4.7 11.3-4.7H299c4.1 0 7.8 1.6 11.1 4.7 3.1 3.2 4.8 6.9 4.8 11.3zm-101.5-63.7c0-23.3 11.5-35 34.5-35s34.5 11.7 34.5 35c0 23-11.5 34.5-34.5 34.5s-34.5-11.5-34.5-34.5zM247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3zm94 144.3v42.5H162.1V197h180.3zm0 79.8v42.5H162.1v-42.5h180.3z"></path></svg></span>
Inhoud gelicentieerd onder <a href="/about/"><strong>CC BY-ND 4.0</strong></a>.
edit_uri: edit/main/docs/
extra:
generator: false
analytics:
provider: plausible
property: privacyguides.org
feedback:
title: "Was deze pagina nuttig?"
ratings:
- icon: material/robot-happy-outline
name: "Deze pagina was nuttig"
data: Helpful
note: "Bedankt voor je feedback!"
- icon: material/robot-confused
name: "Deze pagina kan worden verbeterd"
data: Needs Improvement
note: "Bedankt voor jouw feedback! Help ons deze pagina te verbeteren door een <a href='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'>discussie te openen op ons forum</a>."
theme:
language: nl
logo: ../../theme/assets/brand/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo-notext-colorbg.svg
font:
text: Public Sans
code: DM Mono
palette:
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme)"
scheme: default
accent: deep purple
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-auto
name: "Verander naar donker thema"
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"
scheme: slate
accent: amber
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-2
name: "Verander naar licht thema"
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme: light)"
scheme: default
accent: deep purple
toggle:
icon: material/brightness-5
name: "Verander naar systeem thema"
plugins:
social:
cards: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
cards_color:
fill: "#FFD06F"
text: "#2d2d2d"
cards_dir: assets/img/social
cards_font: Public Sans
cache_dir: .cache/plugin/social-nl
markdown_extensions:
pymdownx.snippets:
auto_append:
- includes/abbreviations.nl.txt
nav:
- Home: 'index.md'
- Kennisbank:
- 'basics/threat-modeling.md'
- 'basics/common-threats.md'
- 'basics/common-misconceptions.md'
- 'basics/account-creation.md'
- 'basics/account-deletion.md'
- Technologie essenties:
- 'basics/passwords-overview.md'
- 'basics/multi-factor-authentication.md'
- 'basics/email-security.md'
- 'basics/vpn-overview.md'
- Besturings systemen:
- 'os/android-overview.md'
- 'os/linux-overview.md'
- 'os/qubes-overview.md'
- Gevorderde onderwerpen:
- 'advanced/dns-overview.md'
- 'advanced/tor-overview.md'
- 'advanced/payments.md'
- 'advanced/communication-network-types.md'
- kb-archive.md
- Recommendaties:
- 'tools.md'
- Surfen op het internet:
- 'tor.md'
- 'desktop-browsers.md'
- 'mobile-browsers.md'
- Besturings systemen:
- 'android.md'
- 'desktop.md'
- 'router.md'
- Providers:
- 'cloud.md'
- 'dns.md'
- 'email.md'
- 'financial-services.md'
- 'search-engines.md'
- 'phone.md'
- 'vpn.md'
- Software:
- 'calendar.md'
- 'cryptocurrency.md'
- 'data-redaction.md'
- 'email-clients.md'
- 'encryption.md'
- 'file-sharing.md'
- 'frontends.md'
- 'multi-factor-authentication.md'
- 'news-aggregators.md'
- 'notebooks.md'
- 'passwords.md'
- 'productivity.md'
- 'real-time-communication.md'
- 'video-streaming.md'
- Over ons:
- 'about/index.md'
- 'about/criteria.md'
- 'about/statistics.md'
- 'about/notices.md'
- 'about/privacy-policy.md'
- Community:
- 'about/donate.md'
- Online Services: 'about/services.md'
- Code of Conduct: 'CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md'
- 'about/privacytools.md'
- Contributing:
- Writing Guide:
- 'meta/writing-style.md'
- 'meta/brand.md'
- Technical Guides:
- 'meta/uploading-images.md'
- 'meta/git-recommendations.md'
- Changelog: 'https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/releases'
- Forum: 'https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'
- Blog: 'https://blog.privacyguides.org/'

160
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@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
# Copyright (c) 2023 Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.
INHERIT: mkdocs.common.yml
docs_dir: '../docs'
site_url: "https://www.privacyguides.org/"
site_dir: '../site'
site_name: Privacy Guides
site_description: |
Privacy Guides is your central privacy and security resource to protect yourself online.
copyright: |
<b>Privacy Guides</b> is a non-profit, socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy.<br>
We do not make money from recommending certain products, and we do not use affiliate links.<br>
&copy; 2022 Privacy Guides and contributors.
<span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="m245.83 214.87-33.22 17.28c-9.43-19.58-25.24-19.93-27.46-19.93-22.13 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.57 9.21 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.47 0 24.65-7.09 30.57-21.26l30.55 15.5c-6.17 11.51-25.69 38.98-65.1 38.98-22.6 0-73.96-10.32-73.96-77.05 0-58.69 43-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.72-.01 52.7 11.95 65.99 35.86zm143.05 0-32.78 17.28c-9.5-19.77-25.72-19.93-27.9-19.93-22.14 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.55 9.23 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.45 0 24.65-7.09 30.54-21.26l31 15.5c-2.1 3.75-21.39 38.98-65.09 38.98-22.69 0-73.96-9.87-73.96-77.05 0-58.67 42.97-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.71-.01 52.58 11.95 65.56 35.86zM247.56 8.05C104.74 8.05 0 123.11 0 256.05c0 138.49 113.6 248 247.56 248 129.93 0 248.44-100.87 248.44-248 0-137.87-106.62-248-248.44-248zm.87 450.81c-112.54 0-203.7-93.04-203.7-202.81 0-105.42 85.43-203.27 203.72-203.27 112.53 0 202.82 89.46 202.82 203.26-.01 121.69-99.68 202.82-202.84 202.82z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M314.9 194.4v101.4h-28.3v120.5h-77.1V295.9h-28.3V194.4c0-4.4 1.6-8.2 4.6-11.3 3.1-3.1 6.9-4.7 11.3-4.7H299c4.1 0 7.8 1.6 11.1 4.7 3.1 3.2 4.8 6.9 4.8 11.3zm-101.5-63.7c0-23.3 11.5-35 34.5-35s34.5 11.7 34.5 35c0 23-11.5 34.5-34.5 34.5s-34.5-11.5-34.5-34.5zM247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3zm94 144.3v42.5H162.1V197h180.3zm0 79.8v42.5H162.1v-42.5h180.3z"></path></svg></span>
Content licensed under <a href="/about/"><strong>CC BY-ND 4.0</strong></a>.
repo_url: ""
extra:
generator: false
analytics: false
alternate: false
offline: true
theme:
language: en
logo: ../theme/assets/brand/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo-notext-colorbg.svg
font:
text: Public Sans
code: DM Mono
palette:
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme)"
scheme: default
accent: deep purple
toggle:
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- Knowledge Base:
- 'basics/threat-modeling.md'
- 'basics/common-threats.md'
- 'basics/common-misconceptions.md'
- 'basics/account-creation.md'
- 'basics/account-deletion.md'
- Technology Essentials:
- 'basics/passwords-overview.md'
- 'basics/multi-factor-authentication.md'
- 'basics/email-security.md'
- 'basics/vpn-overview.md'
- Operating Systems:
- 'os/android-overview.md'
- 'os/linux-overview.md'
- 'os/qubes-overview.md'
- Advanced Topics:
- 'advanced/dns-overview.md'
- 'advanced/tor-overview.md'
- 'advanced/payments.md'
- 'advanced/communication-network-types.md'
- kb-archive.md
- Recommendations:
- 'tools.md'
- Internet Browsing:
- 'tor.md'
- 'desktop-browsers.md'
- 'mobile-browsers.md'
- Operating Systems:
- 'android.md'
- 'desktop.md'
- 'router.md'
- Providers:
- 'cloud.md'
- 'dns.md'
- 'email.md'
- 'financial-services.md'
- 'search-engines.md'
- 'phone.md'
- 'vpn.md'
- Software:
- 'calendar.md'
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- 'frontends.md'
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- 'news-aggregators.md'
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- About:
- 'about/index.md'
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- Community:
- 'about/donate.md'
- Online Services: 'about/services.md'
- Code of Conduct: 'CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md'
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- Contributing:
- Writing Guide:
- 'meta/writing-style.md'
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- Technical Guides:
- 'meta/uploading-images.md'
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- Changelog: 'https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/releases'
- Forum: 'https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'
- Blog: 'https://blog.privacyguides.org/'

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---
hide:
- feedback
meta:
- property: "robots"
content: "noindex, nofollow"
---
# 404 - Not Found
We couldn't find the page you were looking for! Maybe you were looking for one of these?
- [Introduction to Threat Modeling](basics/threat-modeling.md)
- [Recommended DNS Providers](dns.md)
- [Best Desktop Web Browsers](desktop-browsers.md)
- [Best VPN Providers](vpn.md)
- [Privacy Guides Forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net)
- [Our Blog](https://blog.privacyguides.org)

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title: Supporting Us
---
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD036 -->
It takes a lot of [people](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/graphs/contributors) and [work](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/pulse/monthly) to keep Privacy Guides up to date and spreading the word about privacy and mass surveillance. If you like what we do, the best way to help out is by getting involved by [editing the site](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org) or [contributing translations](https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides).
It takes a lot of [people](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/graphs/contributors) and [work](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/pulse/monthly) to keep Privacy Guides up to date and spreading the word about privacy and mass surveillance. If you like what we do, consider getting involved by [editing the site](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org) or [contributing translations](https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides).
If you want to support us financially, the most convenient method for us is contributing via Open Collective, a website operated by our fiscal host. Open Collective accepts payments via credit/debit card, PayPal, and bank transfers.
[Donate on OpenCollective.com](https://opencollective.com/privacyguides/donate){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
Donations made directly to us Open Collective are generally tax-deductible in the US, because our fiscal host (the Open Collective Foundation) is a registered 501(c)3 organization. You will receive a receipt from the Open Collective Foundation after donating. Privacy Guides does not provide financial advice, and you should contact your tax advisor to find out whether this is applicable to you.
Donations made directly to us on Open Collective are generally tax-deductible in the US, because our fiscal host (the Open Collective Foundation) is a registered 501(c)3 organization. You will receive a receipt from the Open Collective Foundation after donating. Privacy Guides does not provide financial advice, and you should contact your tax advisor to find out whether this is applicable to you.
If you already make use of GitHub sponsorships, you can also sponsor our organization there.

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---
template: schema.html
title: "About Privacy Guides"
description: Privacy Guides is a socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy.
---
![Privacy Guides logo](../assets/brand/PNG/Square/pg-yellow.png){ align=right }
**Privacy Guides** is a socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy. We are a non-profit collective operated entirely by volunteer [team members](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/g/team) and contributors.
**Privacy Guides** is a socially motivated website that provides [information](/kb) for protecting your data security and privacy. We are a non-profit collective operated entirely by volunteer [team members](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/g/team) and contributors. Our website is free of advertisements and not affiliated with any listed providers.
[:material-hand-coin-outline: Support the project](donate.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16:](https://www.privacyguides.org/){ .card-link title=Homepage }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](donate.md){ .card-link title=Contribute }
The purpose of Privacy Guides is to educate our community on the importance of privacy online and government programs internationally that are designed to monitor all of your online activities.
> To find [privacy-focused alternative] apps, check out sites like Good Reports and **Privacy Guides**, which list privacy-focused apps in a variety of categories, notably including email providers (usually on paid plans) that arent run by the big tech companies.
— [New York Times](https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/online-security-social-media-privacy/)
> If you're looking for a new VPN, you can go to the discount code of just about any podcast. If you are looking for a **good** VPN, you need professional help. The same goes for email clients, browsers, operating systems and password managers. How do you know which of these is the best, most privacy-friendly option? For that there is **Privacy Guides**, a platform on which a number of volunteers search day in, day out for the best privacy-friendly tools to use on the internet.
— [Tweakers.net](https://tweakers.net/reviews/10568/op-zoek-naar-privacyvriendelijke-tools-niek-de-wilde-van-privacy-guides.html) [Translated from Dutch]
Also featured on: [Ars Technica](https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2022/02/is-firefox-ok/), [Wirecutter](https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/practical-guide-to-securing-windows-pc/) [[2](https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/practical-guide-to-securing-your-mac/)], and [Wired](https://www.wired.com/story/firefox-mozilla-2022/).
## History
Privacy Guides was launched in September 2021 as a continuation of the [defunct](privacytools.md) "PrivacyTools" open-source educational project. We recognized the importance of independent, criteria-focused product recommendations and general knowledge in the privacy space, which is why we needed to preserve the work that had been created by so many contributors since 2015 and make sure that information had a stable home on the web indefinitely.
In 2022, we completed the transition of our main website framework from Jekyll to MkDocs, using the `mkdocs-material` documentation software. This change made open-source contributions to our site significantly easier for outsiders, because instead of needing to know complicated syntax to write posts effectively, contributing is now as easy as writing a standard Markdown document.
We additionally launched our new discussion forum at [discuss.privacyguides.net](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/) as a community platform to share ideas and ask questions about our mission. This augments our existing community on Matrix, and replaced our previous GitHub Discussions platform, decreasing our reliance on proprietary discussion platforms.
So far in 2023 we've launched international translations of our website in [French](/fr/), [Hebrew](/he/), and [Dutch](/nl/), with more languages on the way, made possible by our excellent translation team on [Crowdin](https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides). We plan to continue carrying forward our mission of outreach and education, and finding ways to more clearly highlight the dangers of a lack of privacy awareness in the modern digital age, and the prevalence and harms of security breaches across the technology industry.
## Our Team
@ -41,16 +68,16 @@ title: "About Privacy Guides"
- [:simple-discourse: Discourse](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u/mfwmyfacewhen)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/mfwmyfacewhen "@mfwmyfacewhen")
- [:fontawesome-solid-house: Homepage](https://mfw.omg.lol)
??? person "@olivia"
- [:simple-discourse: Discourse](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u/olivia)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/hook9 "@hook9")
- [:simple-mastodon: Mastodon](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@oliviablob "@oliviablob@neat.computer"){rel=me}
Additionally, [many people](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/graphs/contributors) have made contributions to the project. You can too, we're open sourced on GitHub!
Additionally, [many people](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/graphs/contributors) have made contributions to the project. You can too, we're open sourced on GitHub, and accepting translation suggestions on [Crowdin](https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides).
Our team members review all changes made to the website and handle administrative duties such as web hosting and financials, however they do not personally profit from any contributions made to this site. Our financials are transparently hosted by the Open Collective Foundation 501(c)(3) at [opencollective.com/privacyguides](https://opencollective.com/privacyguides). Donations to Privacy Guides are generally tax deductible in the United States.
Our team members review all changes made to the website and handle administrative duties such as web hosting and financials, however they do not personally profit from any contributions made to this site. Our financials are transparently hosted by the Open Collective Foundation 501(c)(3) at [opencollective.com/privacyguides](https://opencollective.com/privacyguides). Donations to Privacy Guides are generally tax-deductible in the United States.
## Site License

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The privacy of our website visitors is important to us, so we do not track any individual people. As a visitor to our website:
- No personal information is collected
- No information such as cookies is stored in the browser
- No information such as cookies are stored in the browser
- No information is shared with, sent to or sold to third-parties
- No information is shared with advertising companies
- No information is mined and harvested for personal and behavioral trends
@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ jonah@privacyguides.org
For all other inquiries, you can contact any member of our team.
For complaints under GDPR more generally, you may lodge complaints with your local data protection supervisory authorities.
In France it's the Commission Nationale de l'Informatique et des Libertés which take care and handle the complaints. They provide a [template of complaint letter](https://www.cnil.fr/en/plaintes) to use.
## About This Policy

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- Domain: [search.privacyguides.net](https://search.privacyguides.net)
- Availability: Public
- Source: [github.com/searxng/searxng-docker](https://github.com/searxng/searxng-docker)
## Invidious
- Domain: [invidious.privacyguides.net](https://invidious.privacyguides.net)
- Availability: Semi-Public
We host Invidious primarily to serve embedded YouTube videos on our website, this instance is not intended for general-purpose use and may be limited at any time.
- Source: [github.com/iv-org/invidious](https://github.com/iv-org/invidious)

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---
title: "Types of Communication Networks"
icon: 'material/transit-connection-variant'
description: An overview of several network architectures commonly used by instant messaging applications.
---
There are several network architectures commonly used to relay messages between people. These networks can provide different privacy guarantees, which is why it's worth considering your [threat model](../basics/threat-modeling.md) when deciding which app to use.

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---
title: "DNS Overview"
icon: material/dns
description: The Domain Name System is the "phonebook of the internet," helping your browser find the website it's looking for.
---
The [Domain Name System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System) is the 'phonebook of the Internet'. DNS translates domain names to IP addresses so browsers and other services can load Internet resources, through a decentralized network of servers.

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---
title: Private Payments
icon: material/hand-coin
---
There's a reason data about your buying habits is considered the holy grail of ad targeting: your purchases can leak a veritable treasure trove of data about you. Unfortunately, the current financial system is anti-privacy by design, enabling banks, other companies, and governments to easily trace transactions. Nevertheless, you have plenty of options when it comes to making payments privately.
## Cash
For centuries, **cash** has functioned as the primary form of private payment. Cash has excellent privacy properties in most cases, is widely accepted in most countries, and is **fungible**, meaning it is non-unique and completely interchangable.
Cash payment laws vary by country. In the United States, special disclosure is required for cash payments over $10,000 to the IRS on [Form 8300](https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/form-8300-and-reporting-cash-payments-of-over-10000). The receiving business is required to ID verify the payees name, address, occupation, date of birth, and Social Security Number or other TIN (with some exceptions). Lower limits without ID such as $3,000 or less exist for exchanges and money transmission. Cash also contains serial numbers. These are almost never tracked by merchants, but they can be used by law enforcement in targeted investigations.
Despite this, its typically the best option.
## Prepaid Cards & Gift Cards
Its relatively simple to purchase gift cards and prepaid cards at most grocery stores and convenience stores with cash. Gift cards usually dont have a fee, though prepaid cards often do, so pay close attention to these fees and expiry dates. Some stores may ask to see your ID at checkout to reduce fraud.
Gift cards usually have limits of up to $200 per card, but some offer limits of up to $2,000 per card. Prepaid cards (eg: from Visa or Mastercard) usually have limits of up to $1,000 per card.
Gift cards have the downside of being subject to merchant policies, which can have terrible terms and restrictions. For example, some merchants dont accept payment in gift cards exclusively, or they may cancel the value of the card if they consider you to be a high-risk user. Once you have merchant credit, the merchant has a strong degree of control over this credit.
Prepaid cards dont allow cash withdrawals from ATMs or “peer-to-peer” payments in Venmo and similar apps.
Cash remains the best option for in-person purchases for most people. Gift cards can be useful for the savings they bring. Prepaid cards can be useful for places that dont accept cash. Gift cards and prepaid cards are easier to use online than cash, and they are easier to acquire with cryptocurrencies than cash.
### Online Marketplaces
If you have [cryptocurrency](../cryptocurrency.md), you can purchase gift cards with an online gift card marketplace. Some of these services offer ID verification options for higher limits, but they also allow accounts with just an email address. Basic limits start at $5,000-10,000 a day for basic accounts, and significantly higher limits for ID verified accounts (if offered).
When buying gift cards online, there is usually a slight discount. Prepaid cards are usually sold online at face value or with a fee. If you buy prepaid cards and gift cards with cryptocurrencies, you should strongly prefer to pay with Monero which provides strong privacy, more on this below. Paying for a gift card with a traceable payment method negates the benefits a gift card can provide when purchased with cash or Monero.
- [Online Gift Card Marketplaces :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](../financial-services.md#gift-card-marketplaces)
## Virtual Cards
Another way to protect your information from merchants online is to use virtual, single-use cards which mask your actual banking or billing information. This is primarily useful for protecting you from merchant data breaches, less sophisticated tracking or purchase correlation by marketing agencies, and online data theft. They do **not** assist you in making a purchase completely anonymously, nor do they hide any information from the banking institution themselves. Regular financial institutions which offer virtual cards are subject to "Know Your Customer" (KYC) laws, meaning they may require your ID or other identifying information.
- [Recommended Payment Masking Services :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](../financial-services.md#payment-masking-services)
These tend to be good options for recurring/subscription payments online, while prepaid gift cards are preferred for one-time transactions.
## Cryptocurrency
Cryptocurrencies are a digital form of currency designed to work without central authorities such as a government or bank. While *some* cryptocurrency projects can allow you to make private transactions online, many use a public blockchain which does not provide any transaction privacy. Cryptocurrencies also tend to be very volatile assets, meaning their value can change rapidly and significantly at any time. As such, we generally don't recommend using cryptocurrency as a long-term store of value. If you decide to use cryptocurrency online, make sure you have a full understanding of its privacy aspects beforehand, and only invest amounts which would not be disastrous to lose.
!!! danger
The vast majority of cryptocurrencies operate on a **public** blockchain, meaning that every transaction is public knowledge. This includes even most well-known cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum. Transactions with these cryptocurrencies should not be considered private and will not protect your anonymity.
Additionally, many if not most cryptocurrencies are scams. Make transactions carefully with only projects you trust.
### Privacy Coins
There are a number of cryptocurrency projects which purport to provide privacy by making transactions anonymous. We recommend using one which provides transaction anonymity **by default** to avoid operational errors.
- [Recommended Cryptocurrency :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](../cryptocurrency.md#coins)
Privacy coins have been subject to increasing scrutiny by government agencies. In 2020, [the IRS published a $625,000 bounty](https://www.forbes.com/sites/kellyphillipserb/2020/09/14/irs-will-pay-up-to-625000-if-you-can-crack-monero-other-privacy-coins/?sh=2e9808a085cc) for tools which can break Bitcoin Lightning Network and/or Monero's transaction privacy. They ultimately [paid two companies](https://sam.gov/opp/5ab94eae1a8d422e88945b64181c6018/view) (Chainalysis and Integra Fec) a combined $1.25 million for tools which purport to do so (it is unknown which cryptocurrency network these tools target). Due to the secrecy surrounding tools like these, ==none of these methods of tracing cryptocurrencies have been independently confirmed.== However, it is quite likely that tools which assist targeted investigations into private coin transactions exist, and that privacy coins only succeed in thwarting mass surveillance.
### Other Coins (Bitcoin, Ethereum, etc.)
The vast majority of cryptocurrency projects use a public blockchain, meaning that all transactions are both easily traceable and permanent. As such, we strongly discourage the use of most cryptocurrency for privacy-related reasons.
Anonymous transactions on a public blockchain are *theoretically* possible, and the Bitcoin wiki [gives one example of a "completely anonymous" transaction](https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Privacy#Example_-_A_perfectly_private_donation). However, doing so requires a complicated setup involving Tor and "solo-mining" a block to generate completely independent cryptocurrency, a practice which has not been practical for nearly any enthusiast for many years.
==Your best option is to avoid these cryptocurrencies entirely and stick with one which provides privacy by default.== Attempting to use other cryptocurrency is outside the scope of this site and strongly discouraged.
### Wallet Custody
With cryptocurrency there are two forms of wallets: custodial wallets and noncustodial wallets. Custodial wallets are operated by centralized companies/exchanges, where the private key for your wallet is held by that company, and you can access them anywhere typically with a regular username and password. Noncustodial wallets are wallets where you control and manage the private keys to access it. Assuming you keep your wallet's private keys secured and backed up, noncustodial wallets provide greater security and censorship-resistance over custodial wallets, because your cryptocurrency can't be stolen or frozen by a company with custody over your private keys. Key custody is especially important when it comes to privacy coins: Custodial wallets grant the operating company the ability to view your transactions, negating the privacy benefits of those cryptocurrencies.
### Acquisition
Acquiring [cryptocurrencies](../cryptocurrency.md) like Monero privately can be difficult. P2P marketplaces like [LocalMonero](https://localmonero.co/), a platform which facilitates trades between people, are one option that can be used. If using an exchange which requires KYC is an acceptable risk for you as long as subsequent transactions can't be traced, a much easier option is to purchase Monero on an exchange like [Kraken](https://kraken.com/), or purchase Bitcoin/Litecoin from a KYC exchange which can then be swapped for Monero. Then, you can withdraw the purchased Monero to your own noncustodial wallet to use privately from that point forward.
If you go this route, make sure to purchase Monero at different times and in different amounts than where you will spend it. If you purchase $5000 of Monero at an exchange and make a $5000 purchase in Monero an hour later, those actions could potentially be correlated by an outside observer regardless of which path the Monero took. Staggering purchases and purchasing larger amounts of Monero in advance to later spend on multiple smaller transactions can avoid this pitfall.
## Additional Considerations
When you're making a payment in-person with cash, make sure to keep your in-person privacy in mind. Security cameras are ubiquitous. Consider wearing non-distinct clothing and a face mask (such as a surgical mask or N95). Dont sign up for rewards programs or provide any other information about yourself.
When purchasing online, ideally you should do so over [Tor](tor-overview.md). However, many merchants dont allow purchases with Tor. You can consider using a [recommended VPN](../vpn.md) (paid for with cash, gift card, or Monero), or making the purchase from a coffee shop or library with free Wi-Fi. If you are ordering a physical item that needs to be delivered, you will need to provide a delivery address. You should consider using a PO box, private mailbox, or work address.

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---
title: "Tor Overview"
icon: 'simple/torproject'
description: Tor is a free to use, decentralized network designed for using the internet with as much privacy as possible.
---
Tor is a free to use, decentralized network designed for using the internet with as much privacy as possible. If used properly, the network enables private and anonymous browsing and communications.
## Path Building to Clearnet Services
"Clearnet services" are websites which you can access with any browser, like [privacyguides.org](https://www.privacyguides.org). Tor lets you connect to these websites anonymously by routing your traffic through a network comprised of thousands of volunteer-run servers called nodes (or relays).
Every time you [connect to Tor](../tor.md), it will choose three nodes to build a path to the internet—this path is called a "circuit."
<figure markdown>
![Tor path showing your device connecting to an entry node, middle node, and exit node before reaching the destination website](../assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path.svg#only-light)
![Tor path showing your device connecting to an entry node, middle node, and exit node before reaching the destination website](../assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-dark.svg#only-dark)
<figcaption>Tor circuit pathway</figcaption>
</figure>
Each of these nodes has its own function:
### The Entry Node
The entry node, often called the guard node, is the first node to which your Tor client connects. The entry node is able to see your IP address, however it is unable to see what you are connecting to.
Unlike the other nodes, the Tor client will randomly select an entry node and stick with it for two to three months to protect you from certain attacks.[^1]
[^1]: The first relay in your circuit is called an "entry guard" or "guard". It is a fast and stable relay that remains the first one in your circuit for 2-3 months in order to protect against a known anonymity-breaking attack. The rest of your circuit changes with every new website you visit, and all together these relays provide the full privacy protections of Tor. For more information on how guard relays work, see this [blog post](https://blog.torproject.org/improving-tors-anonymity-changing-guard-parameters) and [paper](https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~hoppernj/single_guard.pdf) on entry guards. ([https://support.torproject.org/tbb/tbb-2/](https://support.torproject.org/tbb/tbb-2/))
### The Middle Node
The middle node is the second node to which your Tor client connects. It can see which node the traffic came from—the entry node—and to which node it goes to next. The middle node cannot, see your IP address or the domain you are connecting to.
For each new circuit, the middle node is randomly selected out of all available Tor nodes.
### The Exit Node
The exit node is the point in which your web traffic leaves the Tor network and is forwarded to your desired destination. The exit node is unable to see your IP address, but it does know what site it's connecting to.
The exit node will be chosen at random from all available Tor nodes ran with an exit relay flag.[^2]
[^2]: Relay flag: a special (dis-)qualification of relays for circuit positions (for example, "Guard", "Exit", "BadExit"), circuit properties (for example, "Fast", "Stable"), or roles (for example, "Authority", "HSDir"), as assigned by the directory authorities and further defined in the directory protocol specification. ([https://metrics.torproject.org/glossary.html](https://metrics.torproject.org/glossary.html))
## Path Building to Onion Services
"Onion Services" (also commonly referred to as "hidden services") are websites which can only be accessed by the Tor browser. These websites have a long randomly generated domain name ending with `.onion`.
Connecting to an Onion Service in Tor works very similarly to connecting to a clearnet service, but your traffic is routed through a total of **six** nodes before reaching the destination server. Just like before however, only three of these nodes are contributing to *your* anonymity, the other three nodes protect *the Onion Service's* anonymity, hiding the website's true IP and location in the same manner that Tor Browser is hiding yours.
<figure style="width:100%" markdown>
![Tor path showing your traffic being routed through your three Tor nodes plus three additional Tor nodes which hide the website's identity](../assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-hidden-service.svg#only-light)
![Tor path showing your traffic being routed through your three Tor nodes plus three additional Tor nodes which hide the website's identity](../assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-hidden-service-dark.svg#only-dark)
<figcaption>Tor circuit pathway with Onion Services. Nodes in the <span class="pg-blue">blue</span> fence belong to your browser, while nodes in the <span class="pg-red">red</span> fence belong to the server, so their identity is hidden from you.</figcaption>
</figure>
## Encryption
Tor encrypts each packet (a block of transmitted data) three times with the keys from the exit, middle, and entry node—in that order.
Once Tor has built a circuit, data transmission is done as follows:
1. Firstly: when the packet arrives at the entry node, the first layer of encryption is removed. In this encrypted packet, the entry node will find another encrypted packet with the middle nodes address. The entry node will then forward the packet to the middle node.
2. Secondly: when the middle node receives the packet from the entry node, it too will remove a layer of encryption with its key, and this time finds an encrypted packet with the exit node's address. The middle node will then forward the packet to the exit node.
3. Lastly: when the exit node receives its packet, it will remove the last layer of encryption with its key. The exit node will see the destination address and forward the packet to that address.
Below is an alternative diagram showing the process. Each node removes its own layer of encryption, and when the destination server returns data, the same process happens entirely in reverse. For example, the exit node does not know who you are, but it does know which node it came from, and so it adds its own layer of encryption and sends it back.
<figure markdown>
![Tor encryption](../assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-encryption.svg#only-light)
![Tor encryption](../assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-encryption-dark.svg#only-dark)
<figcaption>Sending and receiving data through the Tor Network</figcaption>
</figure>
Tor allows us to connect to a server without any single party knowing the entire path. The entry node knows who you are, but not where you are going; the middle node doesnt know who you are or where you are going; and the exit node knows where you are going, but not who you are. Because the exit node is what makes the final connection, the destination server will never know your IP address.
## Caveats
Though Tor does provide strong privacy guarantees, one must be aware that Tor is not perfect:
- Well-funded adversaries with the capability to passively watch most network traffic over the globe have a chance of deanonymizing Tor users by means of advanced traffic analysis. Nor does Tor protect you from exposing yourself by mistake, such as if you share too much information about your real identity.
- Tor exit nodes can also monitor traffic that passes through them. This means traffic which is not encrypted, such as plain HTTP traffic, can be recorded and monitored. If such traffic contains personally identifiable information, then it can deanonymize you to that exit node. Thus, we recommend using HTTPS over Tor where possible.
If you wish to use Tor for browsing the web, we only recommend the **official** Tor Browser—it is designed to prevent fingerprinting.
- [Tor Browser :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](../tor.md#tor-browser)
## Additional Resources
- [Tor Browser User Manual](https://tb-manual.torproject.org)
- [How Tor Works - Computerphile](https://invidious.privacyguides.net/embed/QRYzre4bf7I?local=true) <small>(YouTube)</small>
- [Tor Onion Services - Computerphile](https://invidious.privacyguides.net/embed/lVcbq_a5N9I?local=true) <small>(YouTube)</small>

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Android"
icon: 'simple/android'
description: You can replace the operating system on your Android phone with these secure and privacy-respecting alternatives.
---
![Android logo](assets/img/android/android.svg){ align=right }
@ -13,8 +14,9 @@ The **Android Open Source Project** is an open-source mobile operating system le
These are the Android operating systems, devices, and apps we recommend to maximize your mobile device's security and privacy. To learn more about Android:
- [General Android Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](os/android-overview.md)
- [Why we recommend GrapheneOS over CalyxOS :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/21/grapheneos-or-calyxos/)
[General Android Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](os/android-overview.md){ .md-button }
[Why we recommend GrapheneOS over CalyxOS :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/21/grapheneos-or-calyxos/){ .md-button }
## AOSP Derivatives
@ -111,9 +113,9 @@ The installation of GrapheneOS on a Pixel phone is easy with their [web installe
A few more tips for purchasing a Google Pixel:
- If you're after a bargain on a Pixel device, we suggest buying an "**a**" model, just after the next flagship is released. Discounts are usually available because Google will be trying to clear their stock.
- Consider price beating options and specials offered at brick and mortar stores.
- Consider price beating options and specials offered at physical stores.
- Look at online community bargain sites in your country. These can alert you to good sales.
- Google provides a list showing the [support cycle](https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/4457705) for each one of their devices. The price per day for a device can be calculated as: $\text{Cost} \over \text {EOL Date }-\text{ Current Date}$, meaning that the longer use of the device the lower cost per day.
- Google provides a list showing the [support cycle](https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/4457705) for each one of their devices. The price per day for a device can be calculated as: $\text{Cost} \over \text {EOL Date}-\text{Current Date}$, meaning that the longer use of the device the lower cost per day.
## General Apps
@ -184,7 +186,7 @@ To make sure that your hardware and operating system is genuine, [perform local
![Secure camera logo](assets/img/android/secure_camera.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Secure camera logo](assets/img/android/secure_camera-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**Secure Camera** is a camera app focused on privacy and security which can capture images, videos and QR codes. CameraX vendor extensions (Portrait, HDR, Night Sight, Face Retouch, and Auto) are also supported on available devices.
**Secure Camera** is a camera app focused on privacy and security which can capture images, videos and QR codes. CameraX vendor extensions (Portrait, HDR, Night Sight, Face Retouch, and Auto) are also supported on available devices.
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Camera){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://grapheneos.org/usage#camera){ .card-link title=Documentation}
@ -312,10 +314,42 @@ If you download APK files to install manually, you can verify their signature wi
Due to their process of building apps, apps in the official F-Droid repository often fall behind on updates. F-Droid maintainers also reuse package IDs while signing apps with their own keys, which is not ideal as it gives the F-Droid team ultimate trust.
Other popular third-party repositories such as [IzzyOnDroid](https://apt.izzysoft.de/fdroid/) alleviate some of these concerns. The IzzyOnDroid repository pulls builds directly from GitHub and is the next best thing to the developers' own repositories. However, it is not something that we can recommend, as apps are typically [removed](https://github.com/vfsfitvnm/ViMusic/issues/240#issuecomment-1225564446) from that respository when they make it to the main F-droid repository. While that makes sense (since the goal of that particular repository is to host apps before they're accepted into the main F-Droid repository), it can leave you with installed apps which no longer receive updates.
Other popular third-party repositories such as [IzzyOnDroid](https://apt.izzysoft.de/fdroid/) alleviate some of these concerns. The IzzyOnDroid repository pulls builds directly from GitHub and is the next best thing to the developers' own repositories. However, it is not something that we can recommend, as apps are typically [removed](https://github.com/vfsfitvnm/ViMusic/issues/240#issuecomment-1225564446) from that respository when they make it to the main F-Droid repository. While that makes sense (since the goal of that particular repository is to host apps before they're accepted into the main F-Droid repository), it can leave you with installed apps which no longer receive updates.
That said, the [F-droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/) and [IzzyOnDroid](https://apt.izzysoft.de/fdroid/) repositories are home to countless apps, so they can be a useful tool to search for and discover open-source apps that you can then download through Play Store, Aurora Store, or by getting the APK directly from the developer. It is important to keep in mind that some apps in these repositories have not been updated in years and may rely on unsupported libraries, among other things, posing a potential security risk. You should use your best judgement when looking for new apps via this method.
That said, the [F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/) and [IzzyOnDroid](https://apt.izzysoft.de/fdroid/) repositories are home to countless apps, so they can be a useful tool to search for and discover open-source apps that you can then download through Play Store, Aurora Store, or by getting the APK directly from the developer. It is important to keep in mind that some apps in these repositories have not been updated in years and may rely on unsupported libraries, among other things, posing a potential security risk. You should use your best judgement when looking for new apps via this method.
!!! note
In some rare cases, the developer of an app will only distribute it through F-droid ([Gadgetbridge](https://gadgetbridge.org/) is one example of this). If you really need an app like that, we recommend using [Neo Store](https://github.com/NeoApplications/Neo-Store/) instead of the official F-droid app to obtain it.
In some rare cases, the developer of an app will only distribute it through F-Droid ([Gadgetbridge](https://gadgetbridge.org/) is one example of this). If you really need an app like that, we recommend using [Neo Store](https://github.com/NeoApplications/Neo-Store/) instead of the official F-Droid app to obtain it.
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
### Operating Systems
- Must be open-source software.
- Must support bootloader locking with custom AVB key support.
- Must receive major Android updates within 0-1 months of release.
- Must receive Android feature updates (minor version) within 0-14 days of release.
- Must receive regular security patches within 0-5 days of release.
- Must **not** be "rooted" out of the box.
- Must **not** enable Google Play Services by default.
- Must **not** require system modification to support Google Play Services.
### Devices
- Must support at least one of our recommended custom operating systems.
- Must be currently sold new in stores.
- Must receive a minimum of 5 years of security updates.
- Must have dedicated secure element hardware.
### Applications
- Applications on this page must not be applicable to any other software category on the site.
- General applications should extend or replace core system functionality.
- Applications should receive regular updates and maintenance.

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---
title: "Account Creation"
icon: 'material/account-plus'
description: Creating accounts online is practically an internet necessity, take these steps to make sure you stay private.
---
Often people sign up for services without thinking. Maybe it's a streaming service so you can watch that new show everyone's talking about, or an account that gives you a discount for your favorite fast food place. Whatever the case may be, you should consider the implications for your data now and later on down the line.
There are risks associated with every new service that you use. Data breaches; disclosure of customer information to third parties; rogue employees accessing data; all are possibilities that must be considered when giving your information out. You need to be confident that you can trust the service, which is why we don't recommend storing valuable data on anything but the most mature and battle-tested products. That usually means services which provide E2EE and have undergone a cryptographic audit. An audit increases assurance that the product was designed without glaring security issues caused by an inexperienced developer.
It can also be difficult to delete the accounts on some services. Sometimes [overwriting data](account-deletion.en.md#overwriting-account-information) associated with an account can be possible, but in other cases the service will keep an entire history of changes to the account.
It can also be difficult to delete the accounts on some services. Sometimes [overwriting data](account-deletion.md#overwriting-account-information) associated with an account can be possible, but in other cases the service will keep an entire history of changes to the account.
## Terms of Service & Privacy Policy

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Account Deletion"
icon: 'material/account-remove'
description: It's easy to accumulate a large number of internet accounts, here are some tips on how to prune your collection.
---
Over time, it can be easy to accumulate a number of online accounts, many of which you may no longer use. Deleting these unused accounts is an important step in reclaiming your privacy, as dormant accounts are vulnerable to data breaches. A data breach is when a service's security is compromised and protected information is viewed, transmitted, or stolen by unauthorized actors. Data breaches are unfortunately all [too common](https://haveibeenpwned.com/PwnedWebsites) these days, and so practicing good digital hygiene is the best way to minimize the impact they have on your life. The goal of this guide then is to help navigate you through the irksome process of account deletion, often made difficult by [deceptive design](https://www.deceptive.design/), for the betterment of your online presence.

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Common Misconceptions"
icon: 'material/robot-confused'
description: Privacy isn't a straightforward topic, and it's easy to get caught up in marketing claims and other disinformation.
---
## "Open-source software is always secure" or "Proprietary software is more secure"

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Common Threats"
icon: 'material/eye-outline'
description: Your threat model is personal to you, but these are some of the things many visitors to this site care about.
---
Broadly speaking, we categorize our recommendations into the [threats](threat-modeling.md) or goals that apply to most people. ==You may be concerned with none, one, a few, or all of these possibilities==, and the tools and services you use depend on what your goals are. You may have specific threats outside of these categories as well, which is perfectly fine! The important part is developing an understanding of the benefits and shortcomings of the tools you choose to use, because virtually none of them will protect you from every threat.
@ -80,6 +81,8 @@ Mass surveillance is the intricate effort to monitor the "behavior, many activit
If you want to learn more about surveillance methods and how they're implemented in your city you can also take a look at the [Atlas of Surveillance](https://atlasofsurveillance.org/) by the [Electronic Frontier Foundation](https://www.eff.org/).
In France you can take a look at the [Technolopolice website](https://technopolice.fr/villes/) maintained by the non-profit association La Quadrature du Net.
Governments often justify mass surveillance programs as necessary means to combat terrorism and prevent crime. However, breaching human rights, it's most often used to disproportionately target minority groups and political dissidents, among others.
!!! quote "ACLU: [*The Privacy Lesson of 9/11: Mass Surveillance is Not the Way Forward*](https://www.aclu.org/news/national-security/the-privacy-lesson-of-9-11-mass-surveillance-is-not-the-way-forward)"

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: Email Security
icon: material/email
description: Email is inherently insecure in many ways, and these are some of the reasons it isn't our top choice for secure communications.
---
Email is an insecure form of communication by default. You can improve your email security with tools such as OpenPGP, which add End-to-End Encryption to your messages, but OpenPGP still has a number of drawbacks compared to encryption in other messaging applications, and some email data can never be encrypted inherently due to how email is designed.

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Multi-Factor Authentication"
icon: 'material/two-factor-authentication'
description: MFA is a critical security mechanism for securing your online accounts, but some methods are stronger than others.
---
**Multi-Factor Authentication** (**MFA**) is a security mechanism that requires additional steps beyond entering your username (or email) and password. The most common method is time limited codes you might receive from SMS or an app.
@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ When you create an account, the public key is sent to the service, then when you
This presentation discusses the history of password authentication, the pitfalls (such as password reuse), and discussion of FIDO2 and [WebAuthn](https://webauthn.guide) standards.
<div class="yt-embed">
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/aMo4ZlWznao" title="How FIDO2 and WebAuthn Stop Account Takeovers" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://invidious.privacyguides.net/embed/aMo4ZlWznao?local=true" title="How FIDO2 and WebAuthn Stop Account Takeovers" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
FIDO2 and WebAuthn have superior security and privacy properties when compared to any MFA methods.

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Introduction to Passwords"
icon: 'material/form-textbox-password'
description: These are some tips and tricks on how to create the strongest passwords and keep your accounts secure.
---
Passwords are an essential part of our everyday digital lives. We use them to protect our accounts, our devices and our secrets. Despite often being the only thing between us and an adversary who's after our private information, not a lot of thought is put into them, which often leads to people using passwords that can be easily guessed or brute-forced.
@ -25,11 +26,10 @@ You should avoid changing passwords that you have to remember (such as your pass
When it comes to passwords that you don't have to remember (such as passwords stored inside your password manager), if your [threat model](threat-modeling.md) calls for it, we recommend going through important accounts (especially accounts that don't use multi-factor authentication) and changing their password every couple of months, in case they have been compromised in a data breach that hasn't become public yet. Most password managers allow you to set an expiry date for your password to make this easier to manage.
!!! Tip "Checking for data breaches"
!!! tip "Checking for data breaches"
If your password manager lets you check for compromised passwords, make sure to do so and promptly change any password that may have been exposed in a data breach. Alternatively, you could follow [Have I Been Pwned's Latest Breaches feed](https://feeds.feedburner.com/HaveIBeenPwnedLatestBreaches) with the help of a [news aggregator](../news-aggregators.md).
## Creating strong passwords
### Passwords
@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ An example of a diceware passphrase is `viewable fastness reluctant squishy seve
To generate a diceware passphrase using real dice, follow these steps:
!!! Note
!!! note
These instructions assume that you are using [EFF's large wordlist](https://www.eff.org/files/2016/07/18/eff_large_wordlist.txt) to generate the passphrase, which requires five dice rolls per word. Other wordlists may require more or less rolls per word, and may require a different amount of words to achieve the same entropy.
@ -60,15 +60,15 @@ To generate a diceware passphrase using real dice, follow these steps:
4. Repeat this process until your passphrase has as many words as you need, which you should separate with a space.
!!! Warning "Important"
!!! warning "Important"
You should **not** re-roll words until you get a combination of words that appeal to you. The process should be completely random.
If you don't have access to or would prefer to not use real dice, you can use your password manager's built-in password generator, as most of them have the option to generate diceware passphrases in addition to regular passwords.
We recommend using [EFF's large wordlist](https://www.eff.org/files/2016/07/18/eff_large_wordlist.txt) to generate your diceware passphrases, as it offers the exact same security as the original list, while containing words that are easier to memorize. There are also other wordlists in different languages, if you do not want your passphrase to be in English.
We recommend using [EFF's large wordlist](https://www.eff.org/files/2016/07/18/eff_large_wordlist.txt) to generate your diceware passphrases, as it offers the exact same security as the original list, while containing words that are easier to memorize. There are also [other wordlists in different languages](https://theworld.com/~reinhold/diceware.html#Diceware%20in%20Other%20Languages|outline), if you do not want your passphrase to be in English.
??? Note "Explanation of entropy and strength of diceware passphrases"
??? note "Explanation of entropy and strength of diceware passphrases"
To demonstrate how strong diceware passphrases are, we'll use the aforementioned seven word passphrase (`viewable fastness reluctant squishy seventeen shown pencil`) and [EFF's large wordlist](https://www.eff.org/files/2016/07/18/eff_large_wordlist.txt) as an example.
@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ There are many good options to choose from, both cloud-based and local. Choose o
[List of recommended password managers](../passwords.md){ .md-button }
!!! Warning "Don't place your passwords and TOTP tokens inside the same password manager"
!!! warning "Don't place your passwords and TOTP tokens inside the same password manager"
When using TOTP codes as [multi-factor authentication](../multi-factor-authentication.md), the best security practice is to keep your TOTP codes in a [separate app](../multi-factor-authentication.md#authenticator-apps).

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Threat Modeling"
icon: 'material/target-account'
description: Balancing security, privacy, and usability is one of the first and most difficult tasks you'll face on your privacy journey.
---
Balancing security, privacy, and usability is one of the first and most difficult tasks you'll face on your privacy journey. Everything is a trade-off: The more secure something is, the more restricting or inconvenient it generally is, etc. Often, people find that the problem with the tools they see recommended is that they're just too hard to start using!

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@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
---
title: VPN Overview
icon: material/vpn
description: Virtual Private Networks shift risk away from your ISP to a third-party you trust. You should keep these things in mind.
---
Virtual Private Networks are a way of extending the end of your network to exit somewhere else in the world. An ISP can see the flow of internet traffic entering and exiting your network termination device (i.e. modem).
Encryption protocols such as HTTPS are commonly used on the internet, so they may not be able to see exactly what you're posting or reading but they can get an idea of the [domains you request](../advanced/dns-overview.md#why-shouldnt-i-use-encrypted-dns).
Encryption protocols such as HTTPS are commonly used on the internet, so they may not be able to see exactly what you're posting or reading, but they can get an idea of the [domains you request](../advanced/dns-overview.md#why-shouldnt-i-use-encrypted-dns).
A VPN can help as it can shift trust to a server somewhere else in the world. As a result, the ISP then only sees that you are connected to a VPN and nothing about the activity that you're passing into it.
@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ However, they do hide your actual IP from a third-party service, provided that t
## When shouldn't I use a VPN?
Using a VPN in cases where you're using your [known identity](../basics/common-threats.en.md#common-misconceptions) is unlikely be useful.
Using a VPN in cases where you're using your [known identity](common-threats.md#common-misconceptions) is unlikely be useful.
Doing so may trigger spam and fraud detection systems, such as if you were to log into your bank's website.
@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ A VPN may still be useful to you in a variety of scenarios, such as:
1. Hiding your downloads (such as torrents) from your ISP and anti-piracy organizations.
1. Hiding your IP from third-party websites and services, preventing IP based tracking.
For use cases like these, or if you have another compelling reason, the VPN providers we listed above are who we think are the most trustworthy. However, using a VPN provider still means you're *trusting* the provider. In pretty much any other scenario you should be using a secure**-by-design** tool such as Tor.
For situations like these, or if you have another compelling reason, the VPN providers we listed above are who we think are the most trustworthy. However, using a VPN provider still means you're *trusting* the provider. In pretty much any other scenario you should be using a secure**-by-design** tool such as Tor.
## Sources and Further Reading

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@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
---
title: "Calendar and Contact Sync"
icon: material/calendar-account
title: "Calendar Sync"
icon: material/calendar
description: Calendars contain some of your most sensitive data; use products that implement encryption at rest.
---
Calendars and contacts contain some of your most sensitive data; use products that implement E2EE at rest to prevent a provider from reading them.
Calendars contain some of your most sensitive data; use products that implement E2EE at rest to prevent a provider from reading them.
## Tutanota
!!! recommendation
![Tutanota logo](assets/img/calendar-contacts/tutanota.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Tutanota logo](assets/img/calendar-contacts/tutanota-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
![Tutanota logo](assets/img/calendar/tutanota.svg){ align=right }
**Tutanota** offers a free and encrypted calendar across their supported platforms. Features include: automatic E2EE of all data, sharing features, import/export functionality, multi-factor authentication, and [more](https://tutanota.com/calendar-app-comparison/).
@ -35,12 +35,10 @@ Calendars and contacts contain some of your most sensitive data; use products th
!!! recommendation
![Proton](assets/img/calendar-contacts/proton-calendar.svg){ align=right }
![Proton](assets/img/calendar/proton-calendar.svg){ align=right }
**Proton Calendar** is an encrypted calendar service available to Proton members via web or mobile clients. Features include: automatic E2EE of all data, sharing features, import/export functionality, and [more](https://proton.me/support/proton-calendar-guide). Those on the free tier get access to a single calendar, whereas paid subscribers can create up to 20 calendars. Extended sharing functionality is also limited to paid subscribers.
**Proton Mail** can be used to synchronize contacts. Likewise, the service is currently only available via the web and mobile clients.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://proton.me/calendar){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://proton.me/legal/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://proton.me/support/proton-calendar-guide){ .card-link title=Documentation}
@ -51,5 +49,20 @@ Calendars and contacts contain some of your most sensitive data; use products th
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=me.proton.android.calendar)
- [:octicons-browser-16: Web](https://calendar.proton.me)
!!! warning
Proton [does not](https://proton.me/support/proton-contacts#verify) use E2EE for your contact names and email addresses.
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
### Minimum Qualifications
- Must sync and store information with E2EE to ensure data is not visible to the service provider.
### Best-Case
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
- Should integrate with native OS calendar and contact management apps if applicable.

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@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
---
title: "Cloud Storage"
icon: material/file-cloud
---
Many cloud storage providers require your full trust that they will not look at your files. The alternatives listed below eliminate the need for trust by either putting you in control of your data or by implementing E2EE.
If these alternatives do not fit your needs, we suggest you look into [Encryption Software](encryption.md).
## Proton Drive
!!! recommendation
![Proton Drive logo](assets/img/cloud/protondrive.svg){ align=right }
**Proton Drive** is an E2EE general file storage service by the popular encrypted email provider [Proton Mail](https://proton.me/mail).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://proton.me/drive){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://proton.me/legal/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://proton.me/support/drive){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ProtonMail/WebClients){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=me.proton.android.drive)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1509667851)
## Nextcloud
!!! recommendation
![Nextcloud logo](assets/img/cloud/nextcloud.svg){ align=right }
**Nextcloud** is a suite of free and open-source client-server software for creating your own file hosting services on a private server you control.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nextcloud.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nextcloud.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://nextcloud.com/support/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/nextcloud){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nextcloud.com/contribute/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nextcloud.client)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1125420102)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/nextcloud/android/releases)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:simple-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/www/nextcloud)
!!! danger
We don't recommend using the [E2EE App](https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/end_to_end_encryption) for Nextcloud as it may lead to data loss; it is highly experimental and not production quality.

59
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@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
---
title: "Cloud Storage"
icon: material/file-cloud
description: Many cloud storage providers require your trust that they will not look at your files. These are private alternatives!
---
Many cloud storage providers require your full trust that they will not look at your files. The alternatives listed below eliminate the need for trust by either putting you in control of your data or by implementing E2EE.
If these alternatives do not fit your needs, we suggest you look into [Encryption Software](encryption.md).
??? question "Looking for Nextcloud?"
Nextcloud is [still a recommended tool](productivity.md) for self-hosting a file management suite, however we do not recommend third-party Nextcloud storage providers at the moment, because we do not recommend Nextcloud's built-in E2EE functionality for home users.
## Proton Drive
!!! recommendation
![Proton Drive logo](assets/img/cloud/protondrive.svg){ align=right }
**Proton Drive** is an E2EE general file storage service by the popular encrypted email provider [Proton Mail](https://proton.me/mail).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://proton.me/drive){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://proton.me/legal/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://proton.me/support/drive){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ProtonMail/WebClients){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=me.proton.android.drive)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1509667851)
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
### Minimum Requirements
- Must enforce end-to-end encryption.
- Must offer a free plan or trial period for testing.
- Must support TOTP or FIDO2 multi-factor authentication, or Passkey logins.
- Must offer a web interface which supports basic file management functionality.
- Must allow for easy exports of all files/documents.
- Must use standard, audited encryption.
### Best-Case
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
- Clients should be open-source.
- Clients should be audited in their entirety by an independent third-party.
- Should offer native clients for Linux, Android, Windows, macOS, and iOS.
- These clients should integrate with native OS tools for cloud storage providers, such as Files app integration on iOS, or DocumentsProvider functionality on Android.
- Should support easy file-sharing with other users.
- Should offer at least basic file preview and editing functionality on the web interface.

53
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@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
---
title: Cryptocurrency
icon: material/bank-circle
---
Making payments online is one of the biggest challenges to privacy. These cryptocurrencies provide transaction privacy by default (something which is **not** guaranteed by the majority of cryptocurrencies), provided you have a strong understanding of how to make private payments effectively. We strongly encourage you first read our payments overview article before making any purchases:
[Making Private Payments :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/payments.md){ .md-button }
!!! danger
Many if not most cryptocurrency projects are scams. Make transactions carefully with only projects you trust.
## Monero
!!! recommendation
![Monero logo](assets/img/cryptocurrency/monero.svg){ align=right }
**Monero** uses a blockchain with privacy-enhancing technologies that obfuscate transactions to achieve anonymity. Every Monero transaction hides the transaction amount, sending and receiving addresses, and source of funds without any hoops to jump through, making it an ideal choice for cryptocurrency novices.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.getmonero.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.getmonero.org/resources/user-guides/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/monero-project/monero){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.getmonero.org/get-started/contributing/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
With Monero, outside observers cannot decipher addresses trading Monero, transaction amounts, address balances, or transaction histories.
For optimal privacy, make sure to use a noncustodial wallet where the view key stays on the device. This means that only you will have the ability to spend your funds and see incoming and outgoing transactions. If you use a custodial wallet, the provider can see **everything** you do; if you use a “lightweight” wallet where the provider retains your private view key, the provider can see almost everything you do. Some noncustodial wallets include:
- [Official Monero client](https://getmonero.org/downloads) (Desktop)
- [Cake Wallet](https://cakewallet.com/) (iOS, Android)
- Cake Wallet supports multiple cryptocurrencies. A Monero-only version of Cake Wallet is available at [Monero.com](https://monero.com/).
- [Feather Wallet](https://featherwallet.org/) (Desktop)
- [Monerujo](https://www.monerujo.io/) (Android)
For maximum privacy (even with a noncustodial wallet), you should run your own Monero node. Using another persons node will expose some information to them, such as the IP address that you connect to it from, the timestamps that you sync your wallet, and the transactions that you send from your wallet (though no other details about those transactions). Alternatively, you can connect to someone elses Monero node over Tor or i2p.
In August 2021, CipherTrace [announced](https://finance.yahoo.com/news/ciphertrace-announces-enhanced-monero-tracing-160000275.html) enhanced Monero tracing capabilities for government agencies. Public postings show that the US Department of the Treasury's Financial Crimes Enforcement Network [licensed](https://sam.gov/opp/d12cbe9afbb94ca68006d0f006d355ac/view) CipherTrace's "Monero Module" in late 2022.
Monero transaction graph privacy is limited by its relatively small ring signatures, especially against targeted attacks. Monero's privacy features have also been [called into question](https://web.archive.org/web/20180331203053/https://www.wired.com/story/monero-privacy/) by some security researchers, and a number of severe vulnerabilities have been found and patched in the past, so the claims made by organizations like CipherTrace are not out of the question. While it's unlikely that Monero mass surveillance tools exist like they do for Bitcoin and others, it's certain that tracing tools assist with targeted investigations.
Ultimately, Monero is the strongest contender for a privacy-friendly cryptocurrency, but its privacy claims have **not** been definitively proven one way or the other. More time and research is needed to assess whether Monero is resilient enough to attacks to always provide adequate privacy.
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Cryptocurrency must provide private/untraceable transactions by default.

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@ -1,29 +1,12 @@
---
title: "Data and Metadata Redaction"
icon: material/tag-remove
description: Use these tools to remove metadata like GPS location and other identifying information from photos and files you share.
---
When sharing files, be sure to remove associated metadata. Image files commonly include [Exif](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif) data. Photos sometimes even include GPS coordinates in the file metadata.
## Desktop
### ExifCleaner
!!! recommendation
![ExifCleaner logo](assets/img/data-redaction/exifcleaner.svg){ align=right }
**ExifCleaner** is a freeware, open-source graphical app that uses [ExifTool](https://exiftool.org) to remove Exif metadata from images, videos, and PDF documents using a simple drag and drop interface. It supports multi-core batch processing and dark mode.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://exifcleaner.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner#readme){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner/releases)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner/releases)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner/releases)
### MAT2
!!! recommendation
@ -148,3 +131,14 @@ The app offers multiple ways to erase metadata from images. Namely:
```bash
exiftool -all= *.file_extension
```
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Apps developed for open-source operating systems must be open-source.
- Apps must be free and should not include ads or other limitations.

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@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
---
title: "Desktop Browsers"
icon: material/laptop
description: Firefox and Brave are our recommendations for standard/non-anonymous browsing.
---
These are our currently recommended desktop web browsers and configurations for standard/non-anonymous browsing. If you need to browse the internet anonymously, you should use [Tor](tor.md) instead. In general, we recommend keeping your browser extensions to a minimum; they have privileged access within your browser, require you to trust the developer, can make you [stand out](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_fingerprint#Browser_fingerprint), and [weaken](https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/g/chromium-extensions/c/0ei-UCHNm34/m/lDaXwQhzBAAJ) site isolation.
### Firefox
## Firefox
!!! recommendation
@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ These are our currently recommended desktop web browsers and configurations for
!!! warning
Firefox includes a unique [download token](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1677497#c0) in downloads from Mozilla's website and uses telemetry in Firefox to send the token. The token is **not** included in releases from the [Mozilla FTP](https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/).
#### Recommended Configuration
### Recommended Configuration
Tor Browser is the only way to truly browse the internet anonymously. When you use Firefox, we recommend changing the following settings to protect your privacy from certain parties, but all browsers other than [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) will be traceable by *somebody* in some regard or another.
@ -75,15 +76,15 @@ Additionally, the Firefox Accounts service collects [some technical data](https:
This prevents you from unintentionally connecting to a website in plain-text HTTP. Sites without HTTPS are uncommon nowadays, so this should have little to no impact on your day to day browsing.
#### Firefox Sync
### Firefox Sync
[Firefox Sync](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/11/firefox-sync-privacy/) allows your browsing data (history, bookmarks, etc.) to be accessible on all your devices and protects it with E2EE.
#### Arkenfox (advanced)
### Arkenfox (advanced)
The [Arkenfox project](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js) provides a set of carefully considered options for Firefox. If you [decide](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/1.1-To-Arkenfox-or-Not) to use Arkenfox, a [few options](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.2-Overrides-[Common]) are subjectively strict and/or may cause some websites to not work properly - [which you can easily change](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.1-Overrides) to suit your needs. We **strongly recommend** reading through their full [wiki](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki). Arkenfox also enables [container](https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/containers#w_for-advanced-users) support.
### Brave
## Brave
!!! recommendation
@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ The [Arkenfox project](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js) provides a set of ca
1. We advise against using the Flatpak version of Brave, as it replaces Chromium's sandbox with Flatpak's, which is less effective. Additionally, the package is not maintained by Brave Software, Inc.
#### Recommended Configuration
### Recommended Configuration
Tor Browser is the only way to truly browse the internet anonymously. When you use Brave, we recommend changing the following settings to protect your privacy from certain parties, but all browsers other than the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) will be traceable by *somebody* in some regard or another.
@ -185,7 +186,7 @@ Under the *System* menu
1. This option is not present on all platforms.
#### Brave Sync
### Brave Sync
[Brave Sync](https://support.brave.com/hc/en-us/articles/360059793111-Understanding-Brave-Sync) allows your browsing data (history, bookmarks, etc.) to be accessible on all your devices without requiring an account and protects it with E2EE.
@ -220,3 +221,41 @@ These are some other [filter lists](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Dashb
- [x] Check **Privacy** > **AdGuard URL Tracking Protection**
- Add [Actually Legitimate URL Shortener Tool](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/DandelionSprout/adfilt/master/LegitimateURLShortener.txt)
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
### Minimum Requirements
- Must be open-source software.
- Supports automatic updates.
- Receives engine updates in 0-1 days from upstream release.
- Available on Linux, macOS, and Windows.
- Any changes required to make the browser more privacy-respecting should not negatively impact user experience.
- Blocks third-party cookies by default.
- Supports [state partitioning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Privacy/State_Partitioning) to mitigate cross-site tracking.[^1]
[^1]: Brave's implementation is detailed at [Brave Privacy Updates: Partitioning network-state for privacy](https://brave.com/privacy-updates/14-partitioning-network-state/).
### Best-Case
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
- Includes built-in content blocking functionality.
- Supports cookie compartmentalization (à la [Multi-Account Containers](https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/containers)).
- Supports Progressive Web Apps.
PWAs enable you to install certain websites as if they were native apps on your computer. This can have advantages over installing Electron-based apps, because you benefit from your browser's regular security updates.
- Does not include add-on functionality (bloatware) that does not impact user privacy.
- Does not collect telemetry by default.
- Provides open-source sync server implementation.
- Defaults to a [private search engine](search-engines.md).
### Extension Criteria
- Must not replicate built-in browser or OS functionality.
- Must directly impact user privacy, i.e. must not simply provide information.

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Desktop/PC"
icon: simple/linux
description: Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software freedom.
---
Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software freedom. If you don't already use Linux, below are some distributions we suggest trying out, as well as some general privacy and security improvement tips that are applicable to many Linux distributions.
@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software
![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right }
**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org), and soon, [FS-Verity](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/FsVerityRPM). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general.
**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://getfedora.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
@ -162,3 +163,20 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte
Qubes OS is a Xen-based operating system meant to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (VMs), also known as *Qubes*.
The Qubes OS operating system secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate VMs. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the system. For further details see the Qubes [FAQ](https://www.qubes-os.org/faq/).
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
Our recommended operating systems:
- Must be open-source.
- Must receive regular software and Linux kernel updates.
- Linux distributions must support [Wayland](os/linux-overview.md#Wayland).
- Must support full-disk encryption during installation.
- Must not freeze regular releases for more than 1 year. We [do not recommend](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "Long Term Support" or "stable" distro releases for desktop usage.
- Must support a wide variety of hardware.

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@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
---
title: "DNS Resolvers"
icon: material/dns
description: These are some encrypted DNS providers we recommend switching to, to replace your ISP's default configuration.
---
!!! question "Should I use encrypted DNS?"
Encrypted DNS with third-party servers should only be used to get around basic [DNS blocking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_blocking) when you can be sure there won't be any consequences. Encrypted DNS will not help you hide any of your browsing activity.
Encrypted DNS with third-party servers should only be used to get around basic [DNS blocking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_blocking) when you can be sure there won't be any consequences. Encrypted DNS will not help you hide any of your browsing activity.
[Learn more about DNS](advanced/dns-overview.md){ .md-button }
[Learn more about DNS :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/dns-overview.md){ .md-button }
## Recommended Providers
@ -27,12 +26,18 @@ icon: material/dns
[^5]: NextDNS can provide insights and logging features on an opt-in basis. You can choose retention times and log storage locations for any logs you choose to keep. If it's not specifically requested, no data is logged. [https://nextdns.io/privacy](https://nextdns.io/privacy)
[^6]: Quad9 collects some data for the purposes of threat monitoring and response. That data may then be remixed and shared, such as for the purpose of security research. Quad9 does not collect or record IP addresses or other data they deem personally identifiable. [https://www.quad9.net/privacy/policy/](https://www.quad9.net/privacy/policy/)
The criteria for the servers listed above are:
## Criteria
- Must support [DNSSEC](advanced/dns-overview.md#what-is-dnssec)
- [QNAME Minimization](advanced/dns-overview.md#what-is-qname-minimization)
- Allow for [ECS](advanced/dns-overview.md#what-is-edns-client-subnet-ecs) to be disabled
- Prefer [anycast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anycast#Addressing_methods) support or geo-steering support
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Must support [DNSSEC](advanced/dns-overview.md#what-is-dnssec).
- [QNAME Minimization](advanced/dns-overview.md#what-is-qname-minimization).
- Allow for [ECS](advanced/dns-overview.md#what-is-edns-client-subnet-ecs) to be disabled.
- Prefer [anycast](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anycast#Addressing_methods) support or geo-steering support.
## Native Operating System Support

View File

@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
---
title: "Email Clients"
icon: material/email-open
description: These email clients are privacy-respecting and support OpenPGP email encryption.
---
Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encryption.md#openpgp) and strong authentication such as [Open Authorization (OAuth)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OAuth). OAuth allows you to use [Multi-Factor Authentication](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md) and prevent account theft.
??? warning "Email does not provide forward secrecy"
When using end-to-end encryption (E2EE) technology like OpenPGP, email will still have [some metadata](email.md#email-metadata-overview) that is not encrypted in the header of the email.
OpenPGP also does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_secrecy), which means if either your or the recipient's private key is ever stolen, all previous messages encrypted with it will be exposed: [How do I protect my private keys?](basics/email-security.md) Consider using a medium that provides forward secrecy:
@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ These options can be found in :material-menu: → **Settings** → **Privacy & S
![Apple Mail logo](assets/img/email-clients/applemail.png){ align=right }
**Apple Mail** is included in macOS and can be extended to have OpenPGP support with [GPG Suite](encryption.md#gpg-suite), which adds the ability to send encrypted email.
**Apple Mail** is included in macOS and can be extended to have OpenPGP support with [GPG Suite](encryption.md#gpg-suite), which adds the ability to send PGP-encrypted email.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://support.apple.com/guide/mail/welcome/mac){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/en-ww/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
@ -148,6 +150,10 @@ Canary Mail is closed-source. We recommend it due to the few choices there are f
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fsck.k9)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/k9mail/k-9/releases)
!!! warning
When replying to someone on a mailing list the "reply" option may also include the mailing list. For more information see [thundernest/k-9 #3738](https://github.com/thundernest/k-9/issues/3738).
### Kontact (KDE)
!!! recommendation
@ -205,3 +211,27 @@ Canary Mail is closed-source. We recommend it due to the few choices there are f
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://neomutt.org/distro)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://neomutt.org/distro)
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
### Minimum Qualifications
- Apps developed for open-source operating systems must be open-source.
- Must not collect telemetry, or have an easy way to disable all telemetry.
- Must support OpenPGP message encryption.
### Best-Case
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
- Should be open-source.
- Should be cross-platform.
- Should not collect any telemetry by default.
- Should support OpenPGP natively, i.e. without extensions.
- Should support storing OpenPGP encrypted emails locally.

View File

@ -1,16 +1,29 @@
---
title: "Email Services"
icon: material/email
description: These email providers offer a great place to store your emails securely, and many offer interoperable OpenPGP encryption with other providers.
---
Email is practically a necessity for using any online service, however we do not recommend it for person-to-person conversations. Rather than using email to contact other people, consider using an instant messaging medium that supports forward secrecy.
Email is practically a necessity for using any online service, however we do not recommend it for person-to-person conversations. Rather than using email to contact other people, consider using an instant messaging medium that supports forward secrecy:
[Recommended Instant Messengers](real-time-communication.md){ .md-button }
[Recommended Instant Messengers :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](real-time-communication.md){ .md-button }
For everything else, we recommend a variety of email providers based on sustainable business models and built-in security and privacy features.
- [OpenPGP-Compatible Email Providers :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](#openpgp-compatible-services)
- [Other Encrypted Providers :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](#more-providers)
- [Email Aliasing Services :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](#email-aliasing-services)
- [Self-Hosted Options :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](#self-hosting-email)
## OpenPGP Compatible Services
These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption, allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the Web Key Directory (WKD) standard, allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Proton Mail logo](assets/img/email/protonmail.svg){ .twemoji } [Proton Mail](email.md#proton-mail)
- ![Mailbox.org logo](assets/img/email/mailboxorg.svg){ .twemoji } [Mailbox.org](email.md#mailboxorg)
</div>
!!! warning
@ -48,41 +61,40 @@ If you have the Proton Unlimited, Business, or Visionary Plan, you also get [Sim
Proton Mail has internal crash reports that they **do not** share with third parties. This can be disabled in: **Settings** > **Go to Settings** > **Account** > **Security and privacy** > **Send crash reports**.
??? success "Custom Domains and Aliases"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Custom Domains and Aliases
Paid Proton Mail subscribers can use their own domain with the service or a [catch-all](https://proton.me/support/catch-all) address. Proton Mail also supports [subaddressing](https://proton.me/support/creating-aliases), which is useful for people who don't want to purchase a domain.
Paid Proton Mail subscribers can use their own domain with the service or a [catch-all](https://proton.me/support/catch-all) address. Proton Mail also supports [subaddressing](https://proton.me/support/creating-aliases), which is useful for people who don't want to purchase a domain.
??? success "Private Payment Methods"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Private Payment Methods
Proton Mail [accepts](https://proton.me/support/payment-options) Bitcoin and cash by mail in addition to standard credit/debit card and PayPal payments.
Proton Mail [accepts](https://proton.me/support/payment-options) cash by mail in addition to standard credit/debit card, [Bitcoin](advanced/payments.md#other-coins-bitcoin-ethereum-etc), and PayPal payments.
??? success "Account Security"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Account Security
Proton Mail supports TOTP [two factor authentication](https://proton.me/support/two-factor-authentication-2fa) only. The use of a U2F security key is not yet supported. Proton Mail is planning to implement U2F upon completion of their [Single Sign On (SSO)](https://reddit.com/comments/cheoy6/comment/feh2lw0/) code.
Proton Mail supports TOTP [two factor authentication](https://proton.me/support/two-factor-authentication-2fa) and [hardware security keys](https://proton.me/support/2fa-security-key) using FIDO2 or U2F standards. The use of a hardware security key requires setting up TOTP two factor authentication first.
??? success "Data Security"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Data Security
Proton Mail has [zero-access encryption](https://proton.me/blog/zero-access-encryption) at rest for your emails and [calendars](https://proton.me/news/protoncalendar-security-model). Data secured with zero-access encryption is only accessible by you.
Proton Mail has [zero-access encryption](https://proton.me/blog/zero-access-encryption) at rest for your emails and [calendars](https://proton.me/news/protoncalendar-security-model). Data secured with zero-access encryption is only accessible by you.
Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton-contacts), such as display names and email addresses, are not secured with zero-access encryption. Contact fields that support zero-access encryption, such as phone numbers, are indicated with a padlock icon.
Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton-contacts), such as display names and email addresses, are not secured with zero-access encryption. Contact fields that support zero-access encryption, such as phone numbers, are indicated with a padlock icon.
??? success "Email Encryption"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption
Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails) without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account or use software like OpenPGP.
Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails) without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account or use software like OpenPGP.
Proton Mail also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE.
Proton Mail also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE.
??? warning "Digital Legacy"
Proton Mail doesn't offer a digital legacy feature.
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination
??? info "Account Termination"
If you have a paid account and your [bill is unpaid](https://proton.me/support/delinquency) after 14 days, you won't be able to access your data. After 30 days, your account will become delinquent and won't receive incoming mail. You will continue to be billed during this period.
If you have a paid account and your [bill is unpaid](https://proton.me/support/delinquency) after 14 days, you won't be able to access your data. After 30 days, your account will become delinquent and won't receive incoming mail. You will continue to be billed during this period.
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Additional Functionality
??? info "Additional Functionality"
Proton Mail offers an "Unlimited" account for €9.99/Month, which also enables access to Proton VPN in addition to providing multiple accounts, domains, aliases, and 500GB of storage.
Proton Mail offers an "Unlimited" account for €9.99/Month, which also enables access to Proton VPN in addition to providing multiple accounts, domains, aliases, and 500GB of storage.
Proton Mail doesn't offer a digital legacy feature.
### Mailbox.org
@ -100,43 +112,52 @@ Proton Mail has internal crash reports that they **do not** share with third par
- [:octicons-browser-16: Web](https://login.mailbox.org)
??? success "Custom Domains and Aliases"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Custom Domains and Aliases
Mailbox.org lets you use your own domain, and they support [catch-all](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/Using+catch-all+alias+with+own+domain) addresses. Mailbox.org also supports [subaddressing](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/BMBOKBEN/What+is+an+alias+and+how+do+I+use+it), which is useful if you don't want to purchase a domain.
Mailbox.org lets you use your own domain, and they support [catch-all](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/Using+catch-all+alias+with+own+domain) addresses. Mailbox.org also supports [subaddressing](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/BMBOKBEN/What+is+an+alias+and+how+do+I+use+it), which is useful if you don't want to purchase a domain.
??? info "Private Payment Methods"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Private Payment Methods
Mailbox.org doesn't accept Bitcoin or any other cryptocurrencies as a result of their payment processor BitPay suspending operations in Germany. However, they do accept Cash by mail, cash payment to bank account, bank transfer, credit card, PayPal and couple of German-specific processors: paydirekt and Sofortüberweisung.
Mailbox.org doesn't accept any cryptocurrencies as a result of their payment processor BitPay suspending operations in Germany. However, they do accept Cash by mail, cash payment to bank account, bank transfer, credit card, PayPal and couple of German-specific processors: paydirekt and Sofortüberweisung.
??? success "Account Security"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Account Security
Mailbox.org supports [two factor authentication](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/How+to+use+two-factor+authentication+-+2FA) for their webmail only. You can use either TOTP or a [Yubikey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YubiKey) via the [Yubicloud](https://www.yubico.com/products/services-software/yubicloud). Web standards such as [WebAuthn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebAuthn) are not yet supported.
Mailbox.org supports [two factor authentication](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/How+to+use+two-factor+authentication+-+2FA) for their webmail only. You can use either TOTP or a [Yubikey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YubiKey) via the [Yubicloud](https://www.yubico.com/products/services-software/yubicloud). Web standards such as [WebAuthn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebAuthn) are not yet supported.
??? info "Data Security"
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Data Security
Mailbox.org allows for encryption of incoming mail using their [encrypted mailbox](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/The+Encrypted+Mailbox). New messages that you receive will then be immediately encrypted with your public key.
Mailbox.org allows for encryption of incoming mail using their [encrypted mailbox](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/The+Encrypted+Mailbox). New messages that you receive will then be immediately encrypted with your public key.
However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the software platform used by Mailbox.org, [does not support](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/BMBOKBEN/Encryption+of+calendar+and+address+book) the encryption of your address book and calendar. A [standalone option](calendar-contacts.md) may be more appropriate for that information.
However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the software platform used by Mailbox.org, [does not support](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/BMBOKBEN/Encryption+of+calendar+and+address+book) the encryption of your address book and calendar. A [standalone option](calendar.md) may be more appropriate for that information.
??? success "Email Encryption"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption
Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/Send+encrypted+e-mails+with+Guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/My+recipient+does+not+use+PGP) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox.
Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/Send+encrypted+e-mails+with+Guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/My+recipient+does+not+use+PGP) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox.
Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE.
Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE.
??? success "Digital Legacy"
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination
Mailbox.org has a digital legacy feature for all plans. You can choose whether you want any of your data to be passed to heirs providing that they apply and provide your testament. Alternatively, you can nominate a person by name and address.
Your account will be set to a restricted user account when your contract ends, after [30 days it will be irrevocably deleted](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/payment-article/what-happens-at-the-end-of-my-contract).
??? info "Account Termination"
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Additional Functionality
Your account will be set to a restricted user account when your contract ends, after [30 days it will be irrevocably deleted](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/payment-article/what-happens-at-the-end-of-my-contract).
You can access your Mailbox.org account via IMAP/SMTP using their [.onion service](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/The+Tor+exit+node+of+mailbox.org). However, their webmail interface cannot be accessed via their .onion service and you may experience TLS certificate errors.
??? info "Additional Functionality"
All accounts come with limited cloud storage that [can be encrypted](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/Encrypt+files+on+your+Drive). Mailbox.org also offers the alias [@secure.mailbox.org](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/Ensuring+E-Mails+are+Sent+Securely), which enforces the TLS encryption on the connection between mail servers, otherwise the message will not be sent at all. Mailbox.org also supports [Exchange ActiveSync](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_ActiveSync) in addition to standard access protocols like IMAP and POP3.
You can access your Mailbox.org account via IMAP/SMTP using their [.onion service](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/The+Tor+exit+node+of+mailbox.org). However, their webmail interface cannot be accessed via their .onion service and you may experience TLS certificate errors.
Mailbox.org has a digital legacy feature for all plans. You can choose whether you want any of your data to be passed to heirs providing that they apply and provide your testament. Alternatively, you can nominate a person by name and address.
All accounts come with limited cloud storage that [can be encrypted](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/Encrypt+files+on+your+Drive). Mailbox.org also offers the alias [@secure.mailbox.org](https://kb.mailbox.org/display/MBOKBEN/Ensuring+E-Mails+are+Sent+Securely), which enforces the TLS encryption on the connection between mail servers, otherwise the message will not be sent at all. Mailbox.org also supports [Exchange ActiveSync](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_ActiveSync) in addition to standard access protocols like IMAP and POP3.
## More Providers
These providers store your emails with zero-knowledge encryption, making them great options for keeping your stored emails secure. However, they don't support interoperable encryption standards for E2EE communications between providers.
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![StartMail logo](assets/img/email/startmail.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![StartMail logo](assets/img/email/startmail-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [StartMail](email.md#startmail)
- ![Tutanota logo](assets/img/email/tutanota.svg){ .twemoji } [Tutanota](email.md#tutanota)
</div>
### StartMail
@ -155,43 +176,37 @@ Proton Mail has internal crash reports that they **do not** share with third par
- [:octicons-browser-16: Web](https://mail.startmail.com/login)
??? success "Custom Domains and Aliases"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Custom Domains and Aliases
Personal accounts can use [Custom or Quick](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/360007297457-Aliases) aliases. [Custom domains](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/4403911432209-Setup-a-custom-domain) are also available.
Personal accounts can use [Custom or Quick](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/360007297457-Aliases) aliases. [Custom domains](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/4403911432209-Setup-a-custom-domain) are also available.
??? warning "Private Payment Methods"
#### :material-alert-outline:{ .pg-orange } Private Payment Methods
StartMail accepts Visa, MasterCard, American Express and Paypal. StartMail also has other [payment options](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/360006620637-Payment-methods) such as Bitcoin (currently only for Personal accounts) and SEPA Direct Debit for accounts older than a year.
StartMail accepts Visa, MasterCard, American Express and Paypal. StartMail also has other [payment options](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/360006620637-Payment-methods) such as [Bitcoin](advanced/payments.md#other-coins-bitcoin-ethereum-etc) (currently only for Personal accounts) and SEPA Direct Debit for accounts older than a year.
??? success "Account Security"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Account Security
StartMail supports TOTP two factor authentication [for webmail only](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/360006682158-Two-factor-authentication-2FA). They do not allow U2F security key authentication.
StartMail supports TOTP two factor authentication [for webmail only](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/360006682158-Two-factor-authentication-2FA). They do not allow U2F security key authentication.
??? info "Data Security"
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Data Security
StartMail has [zero access encryption at rest](https://www.startmail.com/en/whitepaper/#_Toc458527835), using their "user vault" system. When you log in, the vault is opened, and the email is then moved to the vault out of the queue where it is decrypted by the corresponding private key.
StartMail has [zero access encryption at rest](https://www.startmail.com/en/whitepaper/#_Toc458527835), using their "user vault" system. When you log in, the vault is opened, and the email is then moved to the vault out of the queue where it is decrypted by the corresponding private key.
StartMail supports importing [contacts](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/360006495557-Import-contacts) however, they are only accessible in the webmail and not through protocols such as [CalDAV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CalDAV). Contacts are also not stored using zero knowledge encryption, so a [standalone option](calendar-contacts.md) may be more appropriate.
StartMail supports importing [contacts](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/360006495557-Import-contacts) however, they are only accessible in the webmail and not through protocols such as [CalDAV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CalDAV). Contacts are also not stored using zero knowledge encryption.
??? success "Email Encryption"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption
StartMail has [integrated encryption](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/sections/360001889078-Encryption) in their webmail, which simplifies sending encrypted messages with public OpenPGP keys.
StartMail has [integrated encryption](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/sections/360001889078-Encryption) in their webmail, which simplifies sending encrypted messages with public OpenPGP keys. However, they do not support the Web Key Directory standard, making the discovery of a Startmail mailbox's public key more challenging for other email providers or clients.
??? warning "Digital Legacy"
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination
StartMail does not offer a digital legacy feature.
On account expiration, StartMail will permanently delete your account after [6 months in 3 phases](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/360006794398-Account-expiration).
??? info "Account Termination"
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Additional Functionality
On account expiration, StartMail will permanently delete your account after [6 months in 3 phases](https://support.startmail.com/hc/en-us/articles/360006794398-Account-expiration).
StartMail allows for proxying of images within emails. If you allow the remote image to be loaded, the sender won't know what your IP address is.
??? info "Additional Functionality"
StartMail allows for proxying of images within emails. If you allow the remote image to be loaded, the sender won't know what your IP address is.
## More Providers
These providers store your emails with zero-knowledge encryption, making them great options for keeping your stored emails secure. However, they don't support interoperable encryption standards for E2EE communications between providers.
StartMail does not offer a digital legacy feature.
### Tutanota
@ -219,44 +234,49 @@ These providers store your emails with zero-knowledge encryption, making them gr
Tutanota doesn't support the [IMAP protocol](https://tutanota.com/faq/#imap) or the use of third-party [email clients](email-clients.md), and you also won't be able to add [external email accounts](https://github.com/tutao/tutanota/issues/544#issuecomment-670473647) to the Tutanota app. Neither [Email import](https://github.com/tutao/tutanota/issues/630) or [subfolders](https://github.com/tutao/tutanota/issues/927) are currently supported, though this is [due to be changed](https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/kickoff-import). Emails can be exported [individually or by bulk selection](https://tutanota.com/howto#generalMail) per folder, which may be inconvenient if you have many folders.
??? success "Custom Domains and Aliases"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Custom Domains and Aliases
Paid Tutanota accounts can use up to 5 [aliases](https://tutanota.com/faq#alias) and [custom domains](https://tutanota.com/faq#custom-domain). Tutanota doesn't allow for [subaddressing (plus addresses)](https://tutanota.com/faq#plus), but you can use a [catch-all](https://tutanota.com/howto#settings-global) with a custom domain.
Paid Tutanota accounts can use up to 5 [aliases](https://tutanota.com/faq#alias) and [custom domains](https://tutanota.com/faq#custom-domain). Tutanota doesn't allow for [subaddressing (plus addresses)](https://tutanota.com/faq#plus), but you can use a [catch-all](https://tutanota.com/howto#settings-global) with a custom domain.
??? warning "Private Payment Methods"
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Private Payment Methods
Tutanota only directly accepts credit cards and PayPal, however Bitcoin and Monero can be used to purchase gift cards via their [partnership](https://tutanota.com/faq/#cryptocurrency) with Proxystore.
Tutanota only directly accepts credit cards and PayPal, however [cryptocurrency](cryptocurrency.md) can be used to purchase gift cards via their [partnership](https://tutanota.com/faq/#cryptocurrency) with Proxystore.
??? success "Account Security"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Account Security
Tutanota supports [two factor authentication](https://tutanota.com/faq#2fa) with either TOTP or U2F.
Tutanota supports [two factor authentication](https://tutanota.com/faq#2fa) with either TOTP or U2F.
??? success "Data Security"
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Data Security
Tutanota has [zero access encryption at rest](https://tutanota.com/faq#what-encrypted) for your emails, [address book contacts](https://tutanota.com/faq#encrypted-address-book), and [calendars](https://tutanota.com/faq#calendar). This means the messages and other data stored in your account are only readable by you.
Tutanota has [zero access encryption at rest](https://tutanota.com/faq#what-encrypted) for your emails, [address book contacts](https://tutanota.com/faq#encrypted-address-book), and [calendars](https://tutanota.com/faq#calendar). This means the messages and other data stored in your account are only readable by you.
??? warning "Email Encryption"
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Email Encryption
Tutanota [does not use OpenPGP](https://www.tutanota.com/faq/#pgp). Tutanota accounts can only receive encrypted emails from non-Tutanota email accounts when sent via a [temporary Tutanota mailbox](https://www.tutanota.com/howto/#encrypted-email-external).
Tutanota [does not use OpenPGP](https://www.tutanota.com/faq/#pgp). Tutanota accounts can only receive encrypted emails from non-Tutanota email accounts when sent via a [temporary Tutanota mailbox](https://www.tutanota.com/howto/#encrypted-email-external).
??? warning "Digital Legacy"
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination
Tutanota doesn't offer a digital legacy feature.
Tutanota will [delete inactive free accounts](https://tutanota.com/faq#inactive-accounts) after six months. You can reuse a deactivated free account if you pay.
??? info "Account Termination"
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Additional Functionality
Tutanota will [delete inactive free accounts](https://tutanota.com/faq#inactive-accounts) after six months. You can reuse a deactivated free account if you pay.
Tutanota offers the business version of [Tutanota to non-profit organizations](https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/secure-email-for-non-profit) for free or with a heavy discount.
??? info "Additional Functionality"
Tutanota also has a business feature called [Secure Connect](https://tutanota.com/secure-connect/). This ensures customer contact to the business uses E2EE. The feature costs €240/y.
Tutanota offers the business version of [Tutanota to non-profit organizations](https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/secure-email-for-non-profit) for free or with a heavy discount.
Tutanota also has a business feature called [Secure Connect](https://tutanota.com/secure-connect/). This ensures customer contact to the business uses E2EE. The feature costs €240/y.
Tutanota doesn't offer a digital legacy feature.
## Email Aliasing Services
An email aliasing service allows you to easily generate a new email address for every website you register for. The email aliases you generate are then forwarded to an email address of your choosing, hiding both your "main" email address and the identity of your email provider. True email aliasing is better than plus addressing commonly used and supported by many providers, which allows you to create aliases like yourname+[anythinghere]@example.com, because websites, advertisers, and tracking networks can trivially remove anything after the + sign to know your true email address.
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![AnonAddy logo](assets/img/email/anonaddy.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![AnonAddy logo](assets/img/email/anonaddy-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [AnonAddy](email.md#anonaddy)
- ![SimpleLogin logo](assets/img/email/simplelogin.svg){ .twemoji } [SimpleLogin](email.md#simplelogin)
</div>
Email aliasing can act as a safeguard in case your email provider ever ceases operation. In that scenario, you can easily re-route your aliases to a new email address. In turn, however, you are placing trust in the aliasing service to continue functioning.
Using a dedicated email aliasing service also has a number of benefits over a catch-all alias on a custom domain:
@ -373,9 +393,9 @@ For a more manual approach we've picked out these two articles:
- [Setting up a mail server with OpenSMTPD, Dovecot and Rspamd](https://poolp.org/posts/2019-09-14/setting-up-a-mail-server-with-opensmtpd-dovecot-and-rspamd/) (2019)
- [How To Run Your Own Mail Server](https://www.c0ffee.net/blog/mail-server-guide/) (August 2017)
## Our Criteria
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the providers we recommend.** This allows us to provide completely objective recommendations. We have developed a clear set of requirements for any Email provider wishing to be recommended, including implementing industry best practices, modern technology and more. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing an Email provider, and conduct your own research to ensure the Email provider you choose is the right choice for you.
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the providers we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements for any Email provider wishing to be recommended, including implementing industry best practices, modern technology and more. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing an Email provider, and conduct your own research to ensure the Email provider you choose is the right choice for you.
### Technology
@ -413,7 +433,7 @@ We prefer our recommended providers to collect as little data as possible.
**Best Case:**
- Accepts Bitcoin, cash, and other forms of cryptocurrency and/or anonymous payment options (gift cards, etc.)
- Accepts [anonymous payment options](advanced/payments.md) ([cryptocurrency](cryptocurrency.md), cash, gift cards, etc.)
### Security
@ -430,7 +450,7 @@ Email servers deal with a lot of very sensitive data. We expect that providers w
- Valid [DANE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS-based_Authentication_of_Named_Entities) records.
- Valid [SPF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sender_Policy_Framework) and [DKIM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DomainKeys_Identified_Mail) records.
- Have a proper [DMARC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMARC) record and policy or use [ARC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authenticated_Received_Chain) for authentication. If DMARC authentication is being used, the policy must be set to `reject` or `quarantine`.
- A server suite preference of TLS 1.2 or later and a plan for [Deprecating TLSv1.0 and TLSv1.1](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tls-oldversions-deprecate/).
- A server suite preference of TLS 1.2 or later and a plan for [RFC8996](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc8996/).
- [SMTPS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMTPS) submission, assuming SMTP is used.
- Website security standards such as:
- [HTTP Strict Transport Security](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_Strict_Transport_Security)
@ -445,7 +465,7 @@ Email servers deal with a lot of very sensitive data. We expect that providers w
- Bug-bounty programs and/or a coordinated vulnerability-disclosure process.
- Website security standards such as:
- [Content Security Policy (CSP)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_Security_Policy)
- [Expect-CT](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-httpbis-expect-ct)
- [RFC9163 Expect-CT](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc9163/)
### Trust

View File

@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Encryption Software"
icon: material/file-lock
description: Encryption of data is the only way to control who can access it. These tools allow you to encrypt your emails and any other files.
---
Encryption of data is the only way to control who can access it. If you are currently not using encryption software for your hard disk, emails or files, you should pick an option here.
@ -199,7 +200,7 @@ Browser-based encryption can be useful when you need to encrypt a file but canno
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://hat.sh/about/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://hat.sh/about/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/sh-dv/hat.sh){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
:octicons-heart-16:{ .card-link title="Donations methods can be found at the bottom of the website" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/sh-dv/hat.sh#donations){ .card-link title="Donations methods can be found at the bottom of the website" }
## Command-line
@ -325,8 +326,29 @@ When encrypting with PGP, you have the option to configure different options in
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.openkeychain.org/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.openkeychain.org/faq/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/open-keychain/open-keychain){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
:octicons-heart-16:{ .card-link title="Donations can be made within the app" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.sufficientlysecure.keychain)
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
### Minimum Qualifications
- Cross-platform encryption apps must be open-source.
- File encryption apps must support decryption on Linux, macOS, and Windows.
- External disk encryption apps must support decryption on Linux, macOS, and Windows.
- Internal (OS) disk encryption apps must be cross-platform or built in to the operating system natively.
### Best-Case
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
- Operating System (FDE) encryption apps should utilize hardware security such as a TPM or Secure Enclave.
- File encryption apps should have first- or third-party support for mobile platforms.

View File

@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "File Sharing and Sync"
icon: material/share-variant
description: Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your friends and family, or anonymously online.
---
Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your friends and family, or anonymously online.
@ -45,6 +46,18 @@ ffsend upload --host https://send.vis.ee/ FILE
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://onionshare.org/#download)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://onionshare.org/#download)
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Must not store decrypted data on a remote server.
- Must be open-source software.
- Must either have clients for Linux, macOS, and Windows; or have a web interface.
## FreedomBox
!!! recommendation
@ -60,7 +73,35 @@ ffsend upload --host https://send.vis.ee/ FILE
## File Sync
### Syncthing
### Nextcloud (Client-Server)
!!! recommendation
![Nextcloud logo](assets/img/productivity/nextcloud.svg){ align=right }
**Nextcloud** is a suite of free and open-source client-server software for creating your own file hosting services on a private server you control.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nextcloud.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nextcloud.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://nextcloud.com/support/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/nextcloud){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nextcloud.com/contribute/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nextcloud.client)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1125420102)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/nextcloud/android/releases)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:simple-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/www/nextcloud)
!!! danger
We don't recommend using the [E2EE App](https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/end_to_end_encryption) for Nextcloud as it may lead to data loss; it is highly experimental and not production quality.
### Syncthing (P2P)
!!! recommendation
@ -82,3 +123,24 @@ ffsend upload --host https://send.vis.ee/ FILE
- [:simple-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://syncthing.net/downloads/)
- [:simple-openbsd: OpenBSD](https://syncthing.net/downloads/)
- [:simple-netbsd: NetBSD](https://syncthing.net/downloads/)
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
#### Minimum Requirements
- Must not require a third-party remote/cloud server.
- Must be open-source software.
- Must either have clients for Linux, macOS, and Windows; or have a web interface.
#### Best-Case
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
- Has mobile clients for iOS and Android, which at least support document previews.
- Supports photo backup from iOS and Android, and optionally supports file/folder sync on Android.

View File

@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
---
title: Financial Services
icon: material/bank
---
Making payments online is one of the biggest challenges to privacy. These services can assist you in protecting your privacy from merchants and other trackers, provided you have a strong understanding of how to make private payments effectively. We strongly encourage you first read our payments overview article before making any purchases:
[Making Private Payments :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/payments.md){ .md-button }
## Payment Masking Services
There are a number of services which provide "virtual debit cards" which you can use with online merchants without revealing your actual banking or billing information in most cases. It's important to note that these financial services are **not** anonymous and are subject to "Know Your Customer" (KYC) laws and may require your ID or other identifying information. These services are primarily useful for protecting you from merchant data breaches, less sophisticated tracking or purchase correlation by marketing agencies, and online data theft; and **not** for making a purchase completely anonymously.
!!! tip "Check your current bank"
Many banks and credit card providers offer native virtual card functionality. If you use one which provides this option already, you should use it over the following recommendations in most cases. That way you are not trusting multiple parties with your personal information.
### Privacy.com (US)
!!! recommendation
![Privacy.com logo](assets/img/financial-services/privacy_com.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Privacy.com logo](assets/img/financial-services/privacy_com-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**Privacy.com**'s free plan allows you to create up to 12 virtual cards per month, set spend limits on those cards, and shut off cards instantly. Their paid plan allows you to create up to 36 cards per month, get 1% cash back on purchases, and hide transaction information from your bank.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://privacy.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://privacy.com/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.privacy.com/hc/en-us){ .card-link title=Documentation}
Privacy.com gives information about the merchants you purchase from to your bank by default. Their paid "discreet merchants" feature hides merchant information from your bank, so your bank only sees that a purchase was made with Privacy.com but not where that money was spent, however that is not foolproof, and of course Privacy.com still has knowledge about the merchants you are spending money with.
### MySudo (US, Paid)
!!! recommendation
![MySudo logo](assets/img/financial-services/mysudo.svg){ align=right }
**MySudo** provides up to 9 virtual cards depending on the plan you purchase. Their paid plans additionally include functionality which may be useful for making purchases privately, such as virtual phone numbers and email addresses, although we typically recommend other [email aliasing providers](email.md) for extensive email aliasing use.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://mysudo.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://anonyome.com/privacy-policy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.mysudo.com/hc/en-us){ .card-link title=Documentation}
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Allows the creation of multiple cards which function as a shield between the merchant and your personal finances.
- Cards must not require you to provide accurate billing address information to the merchant.
## Gift Card Marketplaces
These services allow you to purchase gift cards for a variety of merchants online with [cryptocurrency](cryptocurrency.md). Some of these services offer ID verification options for higher limits, but they also allow accounts with just an email address. Basic limits typically start at $5,000-10,000 a day for basic accounts, and significantly higher limits for ID verified accounts (if offered).
### Cake Pay
!!! recommendation
![CakePay logo](assets/img/financial-services/cakepay.svg){ align=right }
**Cake Pay** allows you to purchase gift cards and related products with Monero. Purchases for USA merchants are available in the Cake Wallet mobile app, while the Cake Pay web app includes a broad selection of global merchants.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://cakepay.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://ionia.docsend.com/view/jhjvdn7qq7k3ukwt){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://guides.cakewallet.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
### CoinCards
!!! recommendation
![CakePay logo](assets/img/financial-services/coincards.svg){ align=right }
**CoinCards** (available in the US, Canada, and UK) allows you to purchase gift cards for a large variety of merchants.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://coincards.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://coincards.com/privacy-policy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://coincards.com/frequently-asked-questions/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Accepts payment in [a recommended cryptocurrency](cryptocurrency.md).
- No ID requirement.

View File

@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Frontends"
icon: material/flip-to-front
description: These open-source frontends for various internet services allow you to access content without JavaScript or other annoyances.
---
Sometimes services will try to force you to sign up for an account by blocking access to content with annoying popups. They might also break without JavaScript enabled. These frontends can allow you to get around these restrictions.
@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ When you are using a Librarian instance, make sure to read the privacy policy of
!!! tip
Nitter is useful if you want to browser Twitter content without having to log in and if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, as is the case with [Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) on the Safest security level. It also allows you to [create RSS feeds for Twitter](news-aggregators.md#twitter).
Nitter is useful if you want to browse Twitter content without having to log in and if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, as is the case with [Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) on the Safest security level. It also allows you to [create RSS feeds for Twitter](news-aggregators.md#twitter).
When self-hosting, it is important that you have other people using your instance as well in order for you to blend in. You should be careful with where and how you are hosting Nitter, as other peoples' usage will be linked to your hosting.
@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ When you are using a ProxiTok instance, make sure to read the privacy policy of
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://freetubeapp.io/#download)
- [:simple-flathub: Flathub](https://flathub.org/apps/details/io.freetubeapp.FreeTube)
!!! Warning
!!! warning
When using FreeTube, your IP address may still be known to YouTube, [Invidious](https://instances.invidious.io) or [SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app/) depending on your configuration. Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org) if your [threat model](basics/threat-modeling.md) requires hiding your IP address.
@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ When you are using a ProxiTok instance, make sure to read the privacy policy of
**Yattee** is a free and open-source privacy oriented video player for iOS, tvOS and macOS for [YouTube](https://youtube.com). When using Yattee, your subscription list are saved locally on your device.
By default, Yattee blocks all YouTube advertisements. In addition, Yattee optionally integrates with [SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app) to help you skip sponsored video segments.
You will need to take a few [extra steps](https://gonzoknows.com/posts/Yattee/) before you can use Yattee to watch YouTube, due to App Store restrictions.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://github.com/yattee/yattee){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://r.yattee.stream/docs/privacy.html){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
@ -136,12 +137,38 @@ When you are using a ProxiTok instance, make sure to read the privacy policy of
- [:simple-apple: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/yattee/id1595136629)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/yattee/yattee/releases)
Due to App Store restrictions, you'll need to take a few [extra steps](https://gonzoknows.com/posts/Yattee/) before you can use Yattee.
!!! Warning
!!! warning
When using Yattee, your IP address may still be known to YouTube, [Invidious](https://instances.invidious.io), [Piped](https://github.com/TeamPiped/Piped/wiki/Instances) or [SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app/) depending on your configuration. Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org) if your [threat model](basics/threat-modeling.md) requires hiding your IP address.
By default, Yattee blocks all YouTube advertisements. In addition, Yattee optionally integrates with [SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app) to help you skip sponsored video segments.
### LibreTube (Android)
!!! recommendation
![LibreTube logo](assets/img/frontends/libretube.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![LibreTube logo](assets/img/frontends/libretube-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**LibreTube** is a free and open-source Android application for [YouTube](https://youtube.com) which uses the [Piped](#piped) API.
LibreTube allows you to store your subscription list and playlists locally on your Android device, or to an account on your Piped instance of choice, which allows you to access them seamlessly on other devices as well.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://libre-tube.github.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://github.com/libre-tube/LibreTube#privacy-policy-and-disclaimer){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/libre-tube/LibreTube#readme){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/libre-tube/LibreTube){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/libre-tube/LibreTube/releases)
!!! warning
When using LibreTube, your IP address will be visible to the [Piped](https://github.com/TeamPiped/Piped/wiki/Instances) instance you choose and/or [SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app/) depending on your configuration. Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org) if your [threat model](basics/threat-modeling.md) requires hiding your IP address.
By default, LibreTube blocks all YouTube advertisements. Additionally, Libretube uses [SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app) to help you skip sponsored video segments. You are able to fully configure the types of segments that SponsorBlock will skip, or disable it completely. There is also a button on the video player itself to disable it for a specific video if desired.
### NewPipe (Android)
!!! recommendation annotate
@ -220,3 +247,21 @@ When you are using an Invidious instance, make sure to read the privacy policy o
When self-hosting, it is important that you have other people using your instance as well in order for you to blend in. You should be careful with where and how you are hosting Piped, as other peoples' usage will be linked to your hosting.
When you are using a Piped instance, make sure to read the privacy policy of that specific instance. Piped instances can be modified by their owners and therefore may not reflect their associated privacy policy.
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
Recommended frontends...
- Must be open-source software.
- Must be self-hostable.
- Must provide all basic website functionality available to anonymous users.
We only consider frontends for websites which are...
- Not normally accessible without JavaScript.

View File

@ -6,45 +6,36 @@ hide:
- feedback
---
<!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line -->
<div style="max-width:50rem;margin:auto;" markdown>
<div style="max-width:38rem;" markdown>
## Why should I care?
##### “I have nothing to hide. Why should I care about my privacy?”
Much like the right to interracial marriage, woman's suffrage, freedom of speech, and many others, our right to privacy hasn't always been upheld. In several dictatorships, it still isn't. Generations before ours fought for our right to privacy. ==Privacy is a human right, inherent to all of us,== that we are entitled to (without discrimination).
You shouldn't confuse privacy with secrecy. We know what happens in the bathroom, but you still close the door. That's because you want privacy, not secrecy. **Everyone** has something to protect. Privacy is something that makes you human.
You shouldn't confuse privacy with secrecy. We know what happens in the bathroom, but you still close the door. That's because you want privacy, not secrecy. **Everyone** has something to protect. Privacy is something that makes us human.
[:material-target-account: Common Internet Threats](basics/common-threats.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
</div>
<div style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:0;text-align:right;max-width:38rem;" markdown>
## What should I do?
##### First, you need to make a plan.
##### First, you need to make a plan
Trying to protect all your data from everyone all the time is impractical, expensive, and exhausting. But don't worry! Security is a process, and, by thinking ahead, you can put together a plan that's right for you. Security isn't just about the tools you use or the software you download. Rather, it begins by understanding the unique threats you face, and how you can mitigate them.
==This process of identifying threats and defining countermeasures is called **threat modeling**==, and it forms the basis of every good security and privacy plan.
[:material-book-outline: Learn More About Threat Modeling](basics/threat-modeling.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
</div>
</div>
<div style="padding:3em;max-width:960px;margin:auto;text-align:center;" markdown>
---
## We need you! Here's how to get involved:
[:simple-discourse:](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/){ title="Join our Forum" }
[:simple-mastodon:](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides){ rel=me title="Follow us on Mastodon" }
[:material-book-edit:](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org){ title="Contribute to this website" }
[:material-translate:](https://matrix.to/#/#pg-i18n:aragon.sh){ title="Help translate this website" }
[:simple-matrix:](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org){ title="Chat with us on Matrix" }
[:material-information-outline:](about/index.md){ title="Learn more about us" }
[:material-hand-coin-outline:](about/donate.md){ title="Support the project" }
It's important for a website like Privacy Guides to always stay up-to-date. We need our audience to keep an eye on software updates for the applications listed on our site and follow recent news about providers that we recommend. It's hard to keep up with the fast pace of the internet, but we try our best. If you spot an error, think a provider should not be listed, notice a qualified provider is missing, believe a browser plugin is no longer the best choice, or uncover any other issue, please let us know.
<div class="grid cards" style="margin:auto;max-width:800px;text-align:center;" markdown>
- [:simple-discourse: Join our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/)
- [:simple-mastodon: Follow us on Mastodon](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides){ rel=me }
- [:material-book-edit: Contribute to this website](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
- [:simple-matrix: Chat with us on Matrix](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org)
- [:material-information-outline: Learn more about us](about/index.md)
- [:material-hand-coin-outline: Support the project](about/donate.md)
</div>
</div>

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: KB Archive
icon: material/archive
description: Some pages that used to be in our knowledge base can now be found on our blog.
---
# Pages Moved to Blog

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Mobile Browsers"
icon: material/cellphone-information
description: These browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on your phone.
---
These are our currently recommended mobile web browsers and configurations for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing. If you need to browse the internet anonymously, you should use [Tor](tor.md) instead. In general, we recommend keeping extensions to a minimum; they have privileged access within your browser, require you to trust the developer, can make you [stand out](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_fingerprint#Browser_fingerprint), and [weaken](https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/g/chromium-extensions/c/0ei-UCHNm34/m/lDaXwQhzBAAJ) site isolation.
@ -166,3 +167,25 @@ If you use iCloud with Advanced Data Protection disabled, we also recommend chec
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-store/id1047223162)
Additional filter lists do slow things down and may increase your attack surface, so only apply what you need.
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
### Minimum Requirements
- Must support automatic updates.
- Must receive engine updates in 0-1 days from upstream release.
- Any changes required to make the browser more privacy-respecting should not negatively impact user experience.
- Android browsers must use the Chromium engine.
- Unfortunately, Mozilla GeckoView is still less secure than Chromium on Android.
- iOS browsers are limited to WebKit.
### Extension Criteria
- Must not replicate built-in browser or OS functionality.
- Must directly impact user privacy, i.e. must not simply provide information.

View File

@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Multi-Factor Authenticators"
icon: 'material/two-factor-authentication'
description: These tools assist you with securing your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
---
## Hardware Security Keys
@ -61,13 +62,37 @@ Nitrokey's firmware is open-source, unlike the YubiKey. The firmware on modern N
The Nitrokey app, while compatible with Librem Keys, requires `libnitrokey` version 3.6 or above to recognize them. Currently, the package is outdated on Windows, macOS, and most Linux distributions' repository, so you will likely have to compile the Nitrokey app yourself to get it working with the Librem Key. On Linux, you can obtain an up-to-date version from [Flathub](https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.nitrokey.nitrokey-app).
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
#### Minimum Requirements
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
- Must not allow private key extraction.
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
#### Best-Case
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
- Should be available with NFC.
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
- Should support secure firmware updates.
## Authenticator Apps
Authenticator Apps implement a security standard adopted by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) called **Time-based One-time Passwords**, or **TOTP**. This is a method where websites share a secret with you which is used by your authenticator app to generate a six (usually) digit code based on the current time, which you enter while logging in for the website to check. Typically these codes are regenerated every 30 seconds, and once a new code is generated the old one becomes useless. Even if a hacker gets one six-digit code, there is no way for them to reverse that code to get the original secret or otherwise be able to predict what any future codes might be.
We highly recommend that you use mobile TOTP apps instead of desktop alternatives as Android and iOS have better security and app isolation than most desktop operating systems.
### Aegis Authenticator
### Aegis Authenticator (Android)
!!! recommendation
@ -86,7 +111,7 @@ We highly recommend that you use mobile TOTP apps instead of desktop alternative
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.beemdevelopment.aegis)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/beemdevelopment/Aegis/releases)
### Raivo OTP
### Raivo OTP (iOS)
!!! recommendation
@ -102,3 +127,16 @@ We highly recommend that you use mobile TOTP apps instead of desktop alternative
??? downloads
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/raivo-otp/id1459042137)
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Must be open-source software.
- Must not require internet connectivity.
- Must not sync to a third-party cloud sync/backup service.
- **Optional** E2EE sync support with OS-native tools is acceptable, e.g. encrypted sync via iCloud.

View File

@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
---
title: "News Aggregators"
icon: material/rss
description: These news aggregator clients let you keep up with your favorite blogs and news sites using internet standards like RSS.
---
A [news aggregator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_aggregator) is a way to keep up with your favourite blogs and news sites.
A [news aggregator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_aggregator) is a way to keep up with your favorite blogs and news sites.
## Aggregator clients
@ -121,6 +122,17 @@ A [news aggregator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_aggregator) is a way to k
[:octicons-info-16:](https://newsboat.org/releases/2.27/docs/newsboat.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/newsboat/newsboat){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Must be open-source software.
- Must operate locally, i.e. must not be a cloud service.
## Social Media RSS Support
Some social media services also support RSS although it's not often advertised.

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Notebooks"
icon: material/notebook-edit-outline
description: These encrypted note-taking apps let you keep track of your notes without giving them to a third-party.
---
Keep track of your notes and journalings without giving them to a third-party.
@ -35,7 +36,8 @@ If you are currently using an application like Evernote, Google Keep, or Microso
- [:simple-googlechrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/joplin-web-clipper/alofnhikmmkdbbbgpnglcpdollgjjfek)
Joplin does not support password/PIN protection for the [application itself or individual notes and notebooks](https://github.com/laurent22/joplin/issues/289). However, your data is still encrypted in transit and at the sync location using your master key.
Since January 2023, Joplin supports biometrics app lock for [Android](https://joplinapp.org/changelog_android/#android-v2-10-3-https-github-com-laurent22-joplin-releases-tag-android-v2-10-3-pre-release-2023-01-05t11-29-06z) and [iOS](https://joplinapp.org/changelog_ios/#ios-v12-10-2-https-github-com-laurent22-joplin-releases-tag-ios-v12-10-2-2023-01-20t17-41-13z).
### Standard Notes
!!! recommendation
@ -94,3 +96,20 @@ Cryptee offers 100MB of storage for free, with paid options if you need more. Si
[:octicons-info-16:](https://orgmode.org/manuals.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/emacs/org-mode.git){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://liberapay.com/bzg){ .card-link title=Contribute }
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Clients must be open-source.
- Any cloud sync functionality must be E2EE.
- Must support exporting documents into a standard format.
### Best Case
- Local backup/sync functionality should support encryption.
- Cloud-based platforms should support document sharing.

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: Android Overview
icon: simple/android
description: Android is an open-source operating system with strong security protections, which makes it our top choice for phones.
---
Android is a secure operating system that has strong [app sandboxing](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox), [Verified Boot](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot) (AVB), and a robust [permission](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview) control system.
@ -52,9 +53,44 @@ It's important to not use an [end-of-life](https://endoflife.date/android) versi
## Android Permissions
[Permissions on Android](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview) grant you control over what apps are allowed to access. Google regularly makes [improvements](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions) on the permission system in each successive version. All apps you install are strictly [sandboxed](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox), therefore, there is no need to install any antivirus apps. A smartphone with the latest version of Android will always be more secure than an old smartphone with an antivirus that you have paid for. It's better not to pay for antivirus software and to save money to buy a new smartphone such as a Google Pixel.
[Permissions on Android](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview) grant you control over what apps are allowed to access. Google regularly makes [improvements](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions) on the permission system in each successive version. All apps you install are strictly [sandboxed](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox), therefore, there is no need to install any antivirus apps.
Should you want to run an app that you're unsure about, consider using a user or work profile.
A smartphone with the latest version of Android will always be more secure than an old smartphone with an antivirus that you have paid for. It's better not to pay for antivirus software and to save money to buy a new smartphone such as a Google Pixel.
Android 10:
- [Scoped Storage](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/10/privacy/changes#scoped-storage) gives you more control over your files and can limit what can [access external storage](https://developer.android.com/training/data-storage#permissions). Apps can have a specific directory in external storage as well as the ability to store specific types of media there.
- Tighter access on [device location](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/10/privacy/changes#app-access-device-location) by introducing the `ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION` permission. This prevents apps from accessing the location when running in the background without express permission from the user.
Android 11:
- [One-time permissions](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions#one-time) which allows you to grant a permission to an app just once.
- [Auto-reset permissions](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions#auto-reset), which resets [runtime permissions](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview#runtime) that were granted when the app was opened.
- Granular permissions for accessing [phone number](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions#phone-numbers) related features.
Android 12:
- A permission to grant only the [approximate location](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12#approximate-location).
- Auto-reset of [hibernated apps](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12#app-hibernation).
- [Data access auditing](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12#data-access-auditing) which makes it easier to determine what part of an app is performing a specific type of data access.
Android 13:
- A permission for [nearby wifi access](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/behavior-changes-13#nearby-wifi-devices-permission). The MAC addresses of nearby WiFi access points was a popular way for apps to track a user's location.
- More [granular media permissions](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/behavior-changes-13#granular-media-permissions), meaning you can grant access to images, videos or audio files only.
- Background use of sensors now requires the [`BODY_SENSORS`](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/behavior-changes-13#body-sensors-background-permission) permission.
An app may request a permission for a specific feature it has. For example, any app that can scan QR codes will require the camera permission. Some apps can request more permissions than they need.
[Exodus](https://exodus-privacy.eu.org/) can be useful when comparing apps that have similar purposes. If an app requires a lot of permissions and has a lot of advertising and analytics this is probably a bad sign. We recommend looking at the individual trackers and reading their descriptions rather than simply **counting the total** and assuming all items listed are equal.
!!! warning
If an app is mostly a web-based service, the tracking may occur on the server side. [Facebook](https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en/reports/com.facebook.katana/latest/) shows "no trackers" but certainly does track users' interests and behavior across the site. Apps may evade detection by not using standard code libraries produced by the advertising industry, though this is unlikely.
!!! note
Privacy-friendly apps such as [Bitwarden](https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en/reports/com.x8bit.bitwarden/latest/) may show some trackers such as [Google Firebase Analytics](https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en/trackers/49/). This library includes [Firebase Cloud Messaging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging) which can provide [push notifications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push_technology) in apps. This [is the case](https://fosstodon.org/@bitwarden/109636825700482007) with Bitwarden. That doesn't mean that Bitwarden is using all of the analytics features that are provided by Google Firebase Analytics.
## Media Access

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@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
---
title: Linux Overview
icon: simple/linux
description: Linux is an open-source, privacy-focused desktop operating system alternative, but not all distribitions are created equal.
---
It is often believed that [open-source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software) software is inherently secure because the source code is available. There is an expectation that community verification occurs regularly; however, this isnt always [the case](https://seirdy.one/posts/2022/02/02/floss-security/). It does depend on a number of factors, such as project activity, developer experience, level of rigour applied to [code reviews](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_review), and how often attention is given to specific parts of the [codebase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codebase) that may go untouched for years.
It is often believed that [open-source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software) software is inherently secure because the source code is available. There is an expectation that community verification occurs regularly; however, this isnt always [the case](https://seirdy.one/posts/2022/02/02/floss-security/). It does depend on a number of factors, such as project activity, developer experience, level of rigor applied to [code reviews](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_review), and how often attention is given to specific parts of the [codebase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codebase) that may go untouched for years.
At the moment, desktop Linux does have some areas that could be better improved when compared to their proprietary counterparts, e.g.:
@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ For frozen distributions such as [Debian](https://www.debian.org/security/faq#ha
We dont believe holding packages back and applying interim patches is a good idea, as it diverges from the way the developer might have intended the software to work. [Richard Brown](https://rootco.de/aboutme/) has a presentation about this:
<div class="yt-embed">
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/i8c0mg_mS7U" title="Regular Releases are Wrong, Roll for your life" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://invidious.privacyguides.net/embed/i8c0mg_mS7U?local=true" title="Regular Releases are Wrong, Roll for your life" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
### Traditional vs Atomic updates
@ -47,7 +48,7 @@ A transactional update system creates a snapshot that is made before and after a
The Atomic update method is used for immutable distributions like Silverblue, Tumbleweed, and NixOS and can achieve reliability with this model. [Adam Šamalík](https://twitter.com/adsamalik) provided a presentation on how `rpm-ostree` works with Silverblue:
<div class="yt-embed">
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/-hpV5l-gJnQ" title="Let's try Fedora Silverblue — an immutable desktop OS! - Adam Šamalik" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://invidious.privacyguides.net/embed/-hpV5l-gJnQ?local=true" title="Let's try Fedora Silverblue — an immutable desktop OS! - Adam Šamalik" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
### “Security-focused” distributions

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Qubes Overview"
icon: simple/qubesos
description: Qubes is an operating system built around isolating apps within virtual machines for heightened security.
---
[**Qubes OS**](../desktop.md#qubes-os) is an operating system which uses the [Xen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xen) hypervisor to provide strong security for desktop computing through isolated virtual machines. Each VM is called a *Qube* and you can assign each Qube a level of trust based on its purpose. As Qubes OS provides security by using isolation, and only permitting actions on a per case basis, it is the opposite of [badness enumeration](https://www.ranum.com/security/computer_security/editorials/dumb/).
@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ Each Qubes application has a [colored border](https://www.qubes-os.org/screensho
## Why Should I use Qubes?
Qubes OS is useful if your [threat model](../basics/threat-modeling.md) requires strong compartmentalization and security, such as if you think you'll be opening untrusted files from untrusted sources. A typical use-case for Qubes OS is for opening documents from an unknown source.
Qubes OS is useful if your [threat model](../basics/threat-modeling.md) requires strong compartmentalization and security, such as if you think you'll be opening untrusted files from untrusted sources. A typical reason for using Qubes OS is to open documents from unknown sources.
Qubes OS utilizes [Dom0](https://wiki.xenproject.org/wiki/Dom0) Xen VM (i.e., an "AdminVM") for controlling other guest VMs or Qubes on the host OS. Other VMs display individual application windows within Dom0's desktop environment. It allows you to color code windows based on trust levels and run apps that can interact with each other with very granular control.

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Password Managers"
icon: material/form-textbox-password
description: Password managers allow you to securely store and manage passwords and other credentials.
---
Password managers allow you to securely store and manage passwords and other credentials with the use of a master password.
@ -103,6 +104,29 @@ One advantage 1Password has over Bitwarden is its first-class support for native
Psono provides extensive documentation for their product. The web-client for Psono can be self-hosted; alternatively, you can choose the full Community Edition or the Enterprise Edition with additional features.
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
#### Minimum Requirements
- Must utilize strong, standards-based/modern E2EE.
- Must have thoroughly documented encryption and security practices.
- Must have a published audit from a reputable, independent third-party.
- All non-essential telemetry must be optional.
- Must not collect more PII than is necessary for billing purposes.
#### Best-Case
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
- Telemetry should be opt-in (disabled by default) or not collected at all.
- Should be open-source and reasonably self-hostable.
## Local Storage
These options allow you to manage an encrypted password database locally.
@ -170,11 +194,11 @@ KeePassXC stores its export data as [CSV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-se
Additionally, there is an offline-only version offered: [Strongbox Zero](https://apps.apple.com/app/strongbox-keepass-pwsafe/id1581589638). This version is stripped down in an attempt to reduce attack surface.
## Command-line
### Command-line
These products are minimal password managers that can be used within scripting applications.
### gopass
#### gopass
!!! recommendation
@ -193,3 +217,13 @@ These products are minimal password managers that can be used within scripting a
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-macos)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-linux)
- [:simple-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-bsd)
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Must be cross-platform.

195
docs/phone.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
---
title: Phone Service
icon: material/phone
description: These providers allow you to obtain phone service without providing identifying information.
---
Phone numbers are a fact of life for registering on many internet services, but they can be very difficult to obtain privately. These providers should help you bypass the usual identity verification requirements many large mobile carriers have in place. It is important to note that traditional telephony in general is not anonymous or particularly secure. For sensitive person-to-person communications, we strongly recommend using an instant messaging medium that supports forward secrecy instead:
[Recommended Instant Messengers :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](real-time-communication.md){ .md-button }
## VoIP Providers
**Voice-over-IP** is the technology which allows phone calls and text messages to be sent over the internet. Consumer VoIP providers are often used as a way to obtain a secondary phone number or multiple phone numbers without providing identifying information. Phone numbers are commonly used by internet services to uniquely identify you, so using the same number between every service is a fingerprinting tactic service providers can use to track you. It is also often more challenging for most people to change their "primary" phone number, so using a secondary VoIP number with less important services and contacts can save you a huge hassle when that secondary phone number is compromised.
These providers offer improved privacy by allowing you to obtain a phone number without providing your personal information, and by allowing you to easily create and dispose of phone numbers as needed, but they do **not** provide encrypted communications, so the service provider will always have full insight into your communications.
### JMP.chat
!!! recommendation
**JMP.chat** is an advanced service which provides US or Canadian phone numbers which can be accessed with any XMPP client. It also allows you to [port in](https://jmp.chat/faq#existing) your existing phone number.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://jmp.chat/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://jmp.chat/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://jmp.chat/faq){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://soprani.ca/){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-android: Android](https://git.singpolyma.net/cheogram-android/refs)
JMP.chat has a fork of Conversations.im for Android called [Cheogram](https://cheogram.com/) which has some JMP-specific features, including Android dialer integration and other calling improvements. They otherwise [recommend](https://jmp.chat/faq) [Conversations.im](https://conversations.im/) on Android, [Snikket](https://apps.apple.com/ca/app/snikket/id1545164189) on iOS, [Gajim](https://gajim.org/) for desktop, or [Movim](https://mov.im/?login) on the web, however any XMPP client can be used.
JMP.chat requires you have an existing XMPP account which you can self-host or get for free with many providers. Choosing an XMPP provider is outside the scope of this site, although JMP.chat recommends [Movim](https://mov.im/) or [Snikket Hosting](https://snikket.org/hosting/).
You can also use JMP.chat with a [Matrix](real-time-communication.md#element) account instead of XMPP by choosing "I am a Matrix user" during registration. This is considered alpha as of [March 2022](https://blog.jmp.chat/b/march-newsletter-2022).
JMP.chat is built on top of [Soprani.ca](https://soprani.ca/)'s suite of open-source telephony projects. For more information, see our entry on [Cheogram](#cheogram-sopranica).
### MySudo
!!! recommendation
![MySudo logo](assets/img/voip/mysudo.svg){ align=right }
**MySudo** provides up to 9 phone numbers depending on the plan you purchase. This is the easiest provider to use, only requiring a standard registration with their official apps.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://mysudo.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://anonyome.com/privacy-policy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.mysudo.com/hc/en-us){ .card-link title=Documentation}
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.anonyome.mysudo)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/mysudo-private-secure/id1237892621)
- [:octicons-globe-16: Web (Beta)](https://web.mysudo.com/)
MySudo's paid plans additionally include functionality which may be useful for making purchases privately, such as [virtual card numbers](financial-services.md#payment-masking-services) and email addresses, although we typically recommend other [email aliasing providers](email.md) for extensive email aliasing use.
MySudo requires regisration via their mobile app, and has no desktop client (only a beta [web app](https://web.mysudo.com/)). Some users report issues with MySudo on "de-Googled" [Android operating systems](android.md) like GrapheneOS, particularly with registration. You can test out MySudo with a free account to determine whether it will work for you.
### Hushed
!!! recommendation
**Hushed** provides prepaid or monthly-subscription phone numbers. You can purchase unlimited numbers on a single account.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://hushed.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://hushed.com/privacy-policy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.hushed.com/hc/en-us){ .card-link title=Documentation}
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.hushed.release)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/hushed-second-phone-number/id600520752)
- [:octicons-globe-16: Web](https://app.hushed.com/signup)
!!! warning
Hushed's mobile apps and website do have some privacy unfriendly [dependencies](https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en/reports/com.hushed.release/latest/), including Google Analytics.
Hushed occasionally offers "[lifetime](https://stacksocial.com/sales/hushed-private-phone-1-line-plan-1000-mins-6000-sms)" plans, which makes it a popular affordable option for a single secondary phone number. Remember that lifetime plans last for the lifetime of the service, not your own lifetime.
Hushed allows registrations via their website, making them the easiest VoIP provider choice if you don't have a mobile device.
### Self-Hosted
It is possible to self-host most aspects of a VoIP server, however you will typically still need an account with a commercial VoIP exchange to actually interconnect with the regular telephone network. Most people use accounts with providers like Twilio, Vonage, or Telnyx, but choosing a specific provider is outside the scope of this guide. Self-hosting gives you the advantage of greater control over how your messages are stored and processed, more flexibility about which underlying VoIP provider you utilize, potentially unlimited phone numbers, and cost benefits in some cases.
!!! danger "Advanced Topic"
These applications may require extensive knowledge and work to configure correctly, which is outside the scope of this site. Proceed at your own risk!
#### Cheogram (Soprani.ca)
!!! recommendation
**Cheogram** is a platform which bridges the telephony network with XMPP (and Matrix in alpha). This is the backend used by the hosted **JMP.chat** product.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://cheogram.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.soprani.ca/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://soprani.ca/){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-android: Android](https://git.singpolyma.net/cheogram-android/refs)
Cheogram is a project by [Soprani.ca](https://soprani.ca/), an initiative for bridging phone numbers to the internet with open standards, servers, and clients. Cheogram bridges SMS with XMPP with software called an SGX ("Soprani.ca Gateway to XMPP"). You can choose to use Cheogram/Soprani.ca's hosted SGX with your own Vonage or Twilio account, or host your own SGX instance.
- [Using your own instance of the Vonage SGX](https://wiki.soprani.ca/VonageSetup#Using_your_own_instance_of_the_Vonage_SGX)
- [Using Vonage with Soprani.ca's SGX](https://wiki.soprani.ca/VonageSetup)
- [Using Twilio with Soprani.ca's SGX](https://wiki.soprani.ca/TwilioSetup)
Twilio or Vonage both require an existing phone number to register. According to Soprani.ca, Vonage is the only VoIP provider they have found which accepts VoIP numbers (such as JMP numbers) for registration.
#### Operation Privacy VoIP
!!! recommendation
**Operation Privacy** provides an open-source web dashboard for interfacing with Twilio or Telnyx, enabling SMS, MMS, and voice calling via your provider's API.
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/0perationPrivacy/VoIP){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/0perationPrivacy/voip/wiki){ .card-link title=Documentation}
If you have a Twilio or Telnyx account you can use the official hosted online service at [voip.operationprivacy.com](https://voip.operationprivacy.com/) with your own API keys, however this does give the instance provider insight into your messages. You can also [host it for free on Render](https://github.com/0perationPrivacy/voip/wiki/Cloud-Hosting) or [host it on your own Linux server](https://github.com/0perationPrivacy/VoIP/discussions/49).
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Does not require personal phone number for registration.
- Offers multiple phone numbers.
- Capable of SMS, MMS, and standard voice calls to non-VoIP phone numbers.
- Available on iOS and Android.
## Cellular Providers
It is difficult to privately obtain actual cellular network service in most areas, however these newer service operators provide some advantages over alternatives in the space.
### Silent Link
This is our favorite cell service option if you want to pay with [cryptocurrency](cryptocurrency.md).
!!! recommendation
**Silent Link** allows you to obtain affordable mobile internet data eSIMs with [cryptocurrency](cryptocurrency.md) and no KYC at affordable pricing, which can be paired with any recommended VoIP provider above for voice/SMS service. They additionally offer phone numbers in the US and UK, with some restrictions.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://silent.link/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://silent.link/faq){ .card-link title=Documentation }
Silent Link's US and UK phone numbers support **inbound** call and text **only**, meaning Silent Link cannot be used as a replacement for traditional cell service entirely. However, their phone numbers are considered traditional cell network numbers, meaning that they can be used with many websites which block VoIP phone numbers for text message verification codes.
This service requires an eSIM compatible phone, like the [Google Pixel](android.md#android-devices).
### Pretty Good Phone Privacy
!!! danger
PGPP makes some claims about how their mobile network does not require trust in Invisv as a network provider, but they are not entirely accurate. Make sure you read this entry entirely before determining whether PGPP makes sense for you.
This is our favorite cell service option if you want to pay with traditional payment methods, or need unlimited mobile data.
!!! recommendation
**Pretty Good Phone Privacy** (**PGPP**) is a data-only eSIM service from Invisv, which can be paired with any recommended VoIP provider above for voice/SMS service.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://invisv.com/pgpp/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec21-schmitt.pdf){ .card-link title=Documentation}
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.invisv.pgpp)
- [:simple-android: Android](https://invisv.com/articles/pgpp-updates.html#f-droid-and-apk)
Invisv does collect your billing information through Stripe, their payment processor. However, PGPP's use of [blinded tokens](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blind_signature) for network authentication mean that Invisv cannot tie that billing information to your device. In other words, Invisv would be able to tell that "John Doe" has a PGPP account, but would not be able to determine which phone on their network belongs to "John Doe."
Invisv additionally claims that your device cannot be tracked by the network because they periodically randomize your IMSI number, the identifier tied to your SIM card used to identify a subscriber. ==Unfortunately, this practice alone does **not** thwart device tracking.== Another identifier sent to networks is the IM**E**I number, the identifier tied to your phone hardware. You can think of an IMEI as your phone's "[MAC Address](os/linux-overview.md#mac-address-randomization)," except unlike with Wi-Fi/Ethernet MAC Addresses, randomizing or spoofing the IMEI is not possible and even illegal in certain countries.
Therefore, unless you *also* physically swap your phone hardware every few days, ==it would be trivial for the network operator to build a location profile of a specific device despite IMSI randomization, because your IMEI is a static identifier visible to the network.== Additionally, PGPP will not even protect against anything but the most basic third-party [IMSI-catchers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMSI-catcher), because most modern IMSI-catchers can track IMEI as well.
This service requires an eSIM compatible Android phone, like the [Google Pixel](android.md#android-devices).
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Does not tie billing information to network access.

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@ -1,83 +0,0 @@
---
title: "Productivity Tools"
icon: material/file-sign
---
Most online office suites do not support E2EE, meaning the cloud provider has access to everything you do. The privacy policy may legally protect your rights, but it does not provide technical access constraints.
## Office Suites
### LibreOffice
!!! recommendation
![LibreOffice logo](assets/img/productivity/libreoffice.svg){ align=right }
**LibreOffice** is a free and open-source office suite with extensive functionality.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.libreoffice.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.libreoffice.org/about-us/privacy/privacy-policy-en/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://documentation.libreoffice.org/en/english-documentation/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://www.libreoffice.org/about-us/source-code){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.libreoffice.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/android-and-ios/)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/android-and-ios/)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/)
- [:simple-flathub: Flathub](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.libreoffice.LibreOffice)
- [:simple-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/editors/libreoffice/)
### OnlyOffice
!!! recommendation
![OnlyOffice logo](assets/img/productivity/onlyoffice.svg){ align=right }
**OnlyOffice** is a cloud-based free and open-source office suite with extensive functionality, including integration with Nextcloud.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.onlyoffice.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://help.onlyoffice.com/products/files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5048502&doc=SXhWMEVzSEYxNlVVaXJJeUVtS0kyYk14YWdXTEFUQmRWL250NllHNUFGbz0_IjUwNDg1MDIi0){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://helpcenter.onlyoffice.com/userguides.aspx){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ONLYOFFICE){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.onlyoffice.documents)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id944896972)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx)
- [:simple-flathub: Flathub](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.onlyoffice.desktopeditors)
- [:simple-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/www/onlyoffice-documentserver/)
### CryptPad
!!! recommendation
![CryptPad logo](assets/img/productivity/cryptpad.svg){ align=right }
**CryptPad** is a private-by-design alternative to popular office tools. All content on this web service is end-to-end encrypted and can be shared with other users easily.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://cryptpad.fr){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://cryptpad.fr/pad/#/2/pad/view/GcNjAWmK6YDB3EO2IipRZ0fUe89j43Ryqeb4fjkjehE/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.cryptpad.fr/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/xwiki-labs/cryptpad){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://opencollective.com/cryptpad){ .card-link title=Contribute }
## Paste services
### PrivateBin
!!! recommendation
![PrivateBin logo](assets/img/productivity/privatebin.svg){ align=right }
**PrivateBin** is a minimalist, open-source online pastebin where the server has zero knowledge of pasted data. Data is encrypted/decrypted in the browser using 256-bit AES. It is the improved version of ZeroBin. There is a [list of instances](https://privatebin.info/directory/).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://privatebin.info){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-server-16:](https://privatebin.info/directory/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/FAQ){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin){ .card-link title="Source Code" }

154
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@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
---
title: "Productivity Tools"
icon: material/file-sign
description: Most online office suites do not support E2EE, meaning the cloud provider has access to everything you do.
---
Most online office suites do not support E2EE, meaning the cloud provider has access to everything you do. The privacy policy may legally protect your rights, but it does not provide technical access constraints.
## Collaboration Platforms
### Nextcloud
!!! recommendation
![Nextcloud logo](assets/img/productivity/nextcloud.svg){ align=right }
**Nextcloud** is a suite of free and open-source client-server software for creating your own file hosting services on a private server you control.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nextcloud.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nextcloud.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://nextcloud.com/support/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/nextcloud){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nextcloud.com/contribute/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nextcloud.client)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1125420102)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/nextcloud/android/releases)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:simple-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/www/nextcloud)
!!! danger
We don't recommend using the [E2EE App](https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/end_to_end_encryption) for Nextcloud as it may lead to data loss; it is highly experimental and not production quality. For this reason, we don't recommend third-party Nextcloud providers.
### CryptPad
!!! recommendation
![CryptPad logo](assets/img/productivity/cryptpad.svg){ align=right }
**CryptPad** is a private-by-design alternative to popular office tools. All content on this web service is end-to-end encrypted and can be shared with other users easily.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://cryptpad.fr){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://cryptpad.fr/pad/#/2/pad/view/GcNjAWmK6YDB3EO2IipRZ0fUe89j43Ryqeb4fjkjehE/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.cryptpad.fr/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/xwiki-labs/cryptpad){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://opencollective.com/cryptpad){ .card-link title=Contribute }
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
In general, we define collaboration platforms as full-fledged suites which could reasonably act as a replacement to collaboration platforms like Google Drive.
- Open-source.
- Makes files accessible via WebDAV unless it is impossible due to E2EE.
- Has sync clients for Linux, macOS, and Windows.
- Supports document and spreadsheet editing.
- Supports real-time document collaboration.
- Supports exporting documents to standard document formats (e.g. ODF).
#### Best-Case
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
- Should store files in a conventional filesystem.
- Should support TOTP or FIDO2 multi-factor authentication support, or Passkey logins.
## Office Suites
### LibreOffice
!!! recommendation
![LibreOffice logo](assets/img/productivity/libreoffice.svg){ align=right }
**LibreOffice** is a free and open-source office suite with extensive functionality.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.libreoffice.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.libreoffice.org/about-us/privacy/privacy-policy-en/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://documentation.libreoffice.org/en/english-documentation/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://www.libreoffice.org/about-us/source-code){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.libreoffice.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/android-and-ios/)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/android-and-ios/)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/)
- [:simple-flathub: Flathub](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.libreoffice.LibreOffice)
- [:simple-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/editors/libreoffice/)
### OnlyOffice
!!! recommendation
![OnlyOffice logo](assets/img/productivity/onlyoffice.svg){ align=right }
**OnlyOffice** is a cloud-based free and open-source office suite with extensive functionality, including integration with Nextcloud.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.onlyoffice.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://help.onlyoffice.com/products/files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5048502&doc=SXhWMEVzSEYxNlVVaXJJeUVtS0kyYk14YWdXTEFUQmRWL250NllHNUFGbz0_IjUwNDg1MDIi0){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://helpcenter.onlyoffice.com/userguides.aspx){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ONLYOFFICE){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.onlyoffice.documents)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id944896972)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx)
- [:simple-flathub: Flathub](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.onlyoffice.desktopeditors)
- [:simple-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/www/onlyoffice-documentserver/)
### Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
In general, we define office suites as applications which could reasonably act as a replacement for Microsoft Word for most needs.
- Must be cross-platform.
- Must be open-source software.
- Must function offline.
- Must support editing documents, spreadsheets, and slideshows.
- Must export files to standard document formats.
## Paste services
### PrivateBin
!!! recommendation
![PrivateBin logo](assets/img/productivity/privatebin.svg){ align=right }
**PrivateBin** is a minimalist, open-source online pastebin where the server has zero knowledge of pasted data. Data is encrypted/decrypted in the browser using 256-bit AES. It is the improved version of ZeroBin. There is a [list of instances](https://privatebin.info/directory/).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://privatebin.info){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-server-16:](https://privatebin.info/directory/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/FAQ){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin){ .card-link title="Source Code" }

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@ -1,13 +1,18 @@
---
title: "Real-Time Communication"
icon: material/chat-processing
description: Other instant messengers make all of your private conversations available to the company that runs them.
---
These are our recommendations for encrypted real-time communication.
[Types of Communication Networks :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](./advanced/communication-network-types.md)
## Signal
## Encrypted Messengers
These messengers are great for securing your sensitive communications.
### Signal
!!! recommendation
@ -40,7 +45,67 @@ We have some additional tips on configuring and hardening your Signal installati
[Signal Configuration and Hardening :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/07/07/signal-configuration-and-hardening/)
## Element
### SimpleX Chat
!!! recommendation
![Simplex logo](assets/img/messengers/simplex.svg){ align=right }
**SimpleX** Chat is an instant messenger that is decentralized and doesn't depend on any unique identifiers such as phone numbers or usernames. Users of SimpleX Chat can scan a QR code or click an invite link to participate in group conversations.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://simplex.chat){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://github.com/simplex-chat/simplex-chat/blob/stable/PRIVACY.md){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/simplex-chat/simplex-chat/tree/stable/docs){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/simplex-chat){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=chat.simplex.app)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/simplex-chat/id1605771084)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/simplex-chat/simplex-chat/releases)
SimpleX Chat [was audited](https://simplex.chat/blog/20221108-simplex-chat-v4.2-security-audit-new-website.html) by Trail of Bits in October 2022.
Currently SimpleX Chat only provides a client for Android and iOS. Basic group chatting functionality, direct messaging, editing of messages and markdown are supported. E2EE Audio and Video calls are also supported.
Your data can be exported, and imported onto another device, as there are no central servers where this is backed up.
### Briar
!!! recommendation
![Briar logo](assets/img/messengers/briar.svg){ align=right }
**Briar** is an encrypted instant messenger that [connects](https://briarproject.org/how-it-works/) to other clients using the Tor Network. Briar can also connect via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth when in local proximity. Briars local mesh mode can be useful when internet availability is a problem.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://briarproject.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://briarproject.org/privacy-policy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar/-/wikis/home){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://briarproject.org/){ .card-link title="Donation options are listed on the bottom of the homepage" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.briarproject.briar.android)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://briarproject.org/download-briar-desktop/)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://briarproject.org/download-briar-desktop/)
- [:simple-flathub: Flathub](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.briarproject.Briar)
To add a contact on Briar, you must both add each other first. You can either exchange `briar://` links or scan a contacts QR code if they are nearby.
The client software was independently [audited](https://briarproject.org/news/2017-beta-released-security-audit/), and the anonymous routing protocol uses the Tor network which has also been audited.
Briar has a fully [published specification](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar-spec).
Briar supports perfect forward secrecy by using the Bramble [Handshake](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar-spec/blob/master/protocols/BHP.md) and [Transport](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar-spec/blob/master/protocols/BTP.md) protocol.
## Additional Options
!!! warning
These messengers do not have Perfect [Forward Secrecy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_secrecy) (PFS), and while they fulfill certain needs that our previous recommendations may not, we do not recommend them for long-term or sensitive communications. Any key compromise among message recipients would affect the confidentiality of **all** past communications.
### Element
!!! recommendation
@ -69,34 +134,11 @@ Profile pictures, reactions, and nicknames are not encrypted.
Group voice and video calls are [not](https://github.com/vector-im/element-web/issues/12878) E2EE, and use Jitsi, but this is expected to change with [Native Group VoIP Signalling](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-doc/pull/3401). Group calls have [no authentication](https://github.com/vector-im/element-web/issues/13074) currently, meaning that non-room participants can also join the calls. We recommend that you do not use this feature for private meetings.
The Matrix protocol itself [theoretically supports PFS](https://gitlab.matrix.org/matrix-org/olm/blob/master/docs/megolm.md#partial-forward-secrecy), however this is [not currently supported in Element](https://github.com/vector-im/element-web/issues/7101) due to it breaking some aspects of the user experience such as key backups and shared message history.
The protocol was independently [audited](https://matrix.org/blog/2016/11/21/matrixs-olm-end-to-end-encryption-security-assessment-released-and-implemented-cross-platform-on-riot-at-last) in 2016. The specification for the Matrix protocol can be found in their [documentation](https://spec.matrix.org/latest/). The [Olm](https://matrix.org/docs/projects/other/olm) cryptographic ratchet used by Matrix is an implementation of Signals [Double Ratchet algorithm](https://signal.org/docs/specifications/doubleratchet/).
## SimpleX Chat
!!! recommendation
![Simplex logo](assets/img/messengers/simplex.svg){ align=right }
**SimpleX** Chat is an instant messenger that is decentralized and doesn't depend on any unique identifiers such as phone numbers or usernames. Users of SimpleX Chat can scan a QR code or click an invite link to participate in group conversations.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://simplex.chat){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://github.com/simplex-chat/simplex-chat/blob/stable/PRIVACY.md){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/simplex-chat/simplex-chat/tree/stable/docs){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/simplex-chat){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=chat.simplex.app)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/simplex-chat/id1605771084)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/simplex-chat/simplex-chat/releases)
SimpleX Chat [was audited](https://simplex.chat/blog/20221108-simplex-chat-v4.2-security-audit-new-website.html) by Trail of Bits in October 2022.
Currently SimpleX Chat only provides a client for Android and iOS. Basic group chatting functionality, direct messaging, editing of messages and markdown are supported. E2EE Audio and Video calls are also supported.
Your data can be exported, and imported onto another device, as there are no central servers where this is backed up.
## Session
### Session
!!! recommendation
@ -122,37 +164,31 @@ Your data can be exported, and imported onto another device, as there are no cen
Session allows for E2EE in one-on-one chats or closed groups which allow for up to 100 members. Open groups have no restriction on the number of members, but are open by design.
Session does [not](https://getsession.org/blog/session-protocol-technical-information) support perfect forward secrecy, which is when an encryption system automatically and frequently changes the keys it uses to encrypt and decrypt information, such that if the latest key is compromised it exposes a smaller portion of sensitive information.
Session does [not](https://getsession.org/blog/session-protocol-technical-information) support PFS, which is when an encryption system automatically and frequently changes the keys it uses to encrypt and decrypt information, such that if the latest key is compromised it exposes a smaller portion of sensitive information.
Oxen requested an independent audit for Session in March of 2020. The audit [concluded](https://getsession.org/session-code-audit) in April of 2021, “The overall security level of this application is good and makes it usable for privacy-concerned people.”
Session has a [whitepaper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.04609.pdf) describing the technicals of the app and protocol.
## Briar
## Criteria
!!! recommendation
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
![Briar logo](assets/img/messengers/briar.svg){ align=right }
!!! example "This section is new"
**Briar** is an encrypted instant messenger that [connects](https://briarproject.org/how-it-works/) to other clients using the Tor Network. Briar can also connect via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth when in local proximity. Briars local mesh mode can be useful when internet availability is a problem.
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://briarproject.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://briarproject.org/privacy-policy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar/-/wikis/home){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://briarproject.org/){ .card-link title="Donation options are listed on the bottom of the homepage" }
- Must have open-source clients.
- Must use E2EE for private messages by default.
- Must support E2EE for all messages.
- Must have been independently audited.
??? downloads
### Best-Case
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.briarproject.briar.android)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://briarproject.org/download-briar-desktop/)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://briarproject.org/download-briar-desktop/)
- [:simple-flathub: Flathub](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.briarproject.Briar)
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
To add a contact on Briar, you must both add each other first. You can either exchange `briar://` links or scan a contacts QR code if they are nearby.
The client software was independently [audited](https://briarproject.org/news/2017-beta-released-security-audit/), and the anonymous routing protocol uses the Tor network which has also been audited.
Briar has a fully [published specification](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar-spec).
Briar supports perfect forward secrecy by using the Bramble [Handshake](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar-spec/blob/master/protocols/BHP.md) and [Transport](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar-spec/blob/master/protocols/BTP.md) protocol.
- Should have Perfect Forward Secrecy.
- Should have open-source servers.
- Should be decentralized, i.e. federated or P2P.
- Should use E2EE for all messages by default.
- Should support Linux, macOS, Windows, Android, and iOS.

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Router Firmware"
icon: material/router-wireless
description: These alternative operating systems can be used to secure your router or Wi-Fi access point.
---
Below are a few alternative operating systems, that can be used on routers, Wi-Fi access points, etc.
@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ You can consult OpenWrt's [table of hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) to
!!! recommendation
![pfSense logo](assets/img/router/opnsense.svg){ align=right }
![OPNsense logo](assets/img/router/opnsense.svg){ align=right }
**OPNsense** is an open source, FreeBSD-based firewall and routing platform which incorporates many advanced features such as traffic shaping, load balancing, and VPN capabilities, with many more features available in the form of plugins. OPNsense is commonly deployed as a perimeter firewall, router, wireless access point, DHCP server, DNS server, and VPN endpoint.
@ -34,3 +35,15 @@ You can consult OpenWrt's [table of hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) to
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://opnsense.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
OPNsense was originally developed as a fork of [pfSense](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PfSense), and both projects are noted for being free and reliable firewall distributions which offer features often only found in expensive commercial firewalls. Launched in 2015, the developers of OPNsense [cited](https://docs.opnsense.org/history/thefork.html) a number of security and code-quality issues with pfSense which they felt necessitated a fork of the project, as well as concerns about Netgate's majority acquisition of pfSense and the future direction of the pfSense project.
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Must be open source.
- Must receive regular updates.
- Must support a wide variety of hardware.

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@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Search Engines"
icon: material/search-web
description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
---
Use a search engine that doesn't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
@ -84,3 +85,23 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy.
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information.
Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't believe that to be an issue as they have a distinctly separate [privacy policy](https://system1.com/terms/privacy-policy). The Privacy Guides team reached out to Startpage [back in 2020](https://web.archive.org/web/20210118031008/https://blog.privacytools.io/relisting-startpage/) to clear up any concerns with System1's sizeable investment into the service. We were satisfied with the answers we received.
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
### Minimum Requirements
- Must not collect personally identifiable information per their privacy policy.
- Must not allow users to create an account with them.
### Best-Case
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.

489
docs/tools.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,489 @@
---
title: "Privacy Tools"
icon: material/tools
hide:
- toc
description: Privacy Guides is the most transparent and reliable website for finding software, apps, and services that protect your personal data from mass surveillance programs and other internet threats.
---
If you're looking for a specific solution to something, these are the hardware and software tools we recommend in a variety of categories. Our recommended privacy tools are primarily chosen based on security features, with additional emphasis on decentralized and open-source tools. They are applicable to a variety of threat models ranging from protection against global mass surveillance programs and avoiding big tech companies to mitigating attacks, but only you can determine what will work best for your needs.
If you want assistance figuring out the best privacy tools and alternative programs for your needs, start a discussion on our [forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/) or our [Matrix](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org) community!
For more details about each project, why they were chosen, and additional tips or tricks we recommend, click the "Learn more" link in each section, or click on the recommendation itself to be taken to that specific section of the page.
## Tor Network
<div class="grid cards annotate" markdown>
- ![Tor Browser logo](assets/img/browsers/tor.svg){ .twemoji } [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser)
- ![Orbot logo](assets/img/self-contained-networks/orbot.svg){ .twemoji } [Orbot (Smartphone Tor Proxy)](tor.md#orbot)
- ![Snowflake logo](assets/img/browsers/snowflake.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Snowflake logo](assets/img/browsers/snowflake-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Snowflake](tor.md#snowflake) (1)
</div>
1. Snowflake does not increase privacy, however it allows you to easily contribute to the Tor network and help people in censored networks achieve better privacy.
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](tor.md)
## Desktop Web Browsers
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Firefox logo](assets/img/browsers/firefox.svg){ .twemoji } [Firefox](desktop-browsers.md#firefox)
- ![Brave logo](assets/img/browsers/brave.svg){ .twemoji } [Brave](desktop-browsers.md#brave)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](desktop-browsers.md)
### Additional Resources
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![uBlock Origin logo](assets/img/browsers/ublock_origin.svg){ .twemoji } [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](desktop-browsers.md#additional-resources)
## Mobile Web Browsers
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Brave logo](assets/img/browsers/brave.svg){ .twemoji } [Brave (Android)](mobile-browsers.md#brave)
- ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ .twemoji } [Safari (iOS)](mobile-browsers.md#safari)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](mobile-browsers.md)
### Additional Resources
<div class="grid cards annotate" markdown>
- ![AdGuard logo](assets/img/browsers/adguard.svg){ .twemoji } [AdGuard for iOS](mobile-browsers.md#adguard)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](mobile-browsers.md#adguard)
## Operating Systems
### Mobile
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![GrapheneOS logo](assets/img/android/grapheneos.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![GrapheneOS logo](assets/img/android/grapheneos-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [GrapheneOS](android.md#grapheneos)
- ![DivestOS logo](assets/img/android/divestos.svg){ .twemoji } [DivestOS](android.md#divestos)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](android.md)
#### Android Apps
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Aurora Store logo](assets/img/android/aurora-store.webp){ .twemoji } [Aurora Store (Google Play Client)](android.md#aurora-store)
- ![Shelter logo](assets/img/android/mini/shelter.svg){ .twemoji } [Shelter (Work Profiles)](android.md#shelter)
- ![Auditor logo](assets/img/android/auditor.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![GrapheneOS logo](assets/img/android/auditor-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Auditor (Supported Devices)](android.md#auditor)
- ![Secure Camera logo](assets/img/android/secure_camera.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Secure Camera logo](assets/img/android/secure_camera-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Secure Camera](android.md#secure-camera)
- ![Secure PDF Viewer logo](assets/img/android/secure_pdf_viewer.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![GrapheneOS logo](assets/img/android/secure_pdf_viewer-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Secure PDF Viewer](android.md#secure-pdf-viewer)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](android.md#general-apps)
### Desktop/PC
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os)
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation)
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed)
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux)
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue)
- ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos)
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix)
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](desktop.md)
### Router Firmware
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![OpenWrt logo](assets/img/router/openwrt.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![OpenWrt logo](assets/img/router/openwrt-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [OpenWrt](router.md#openwrt)
- ![OPNsense logo](assets/img/router/opnsense.svg){ .twemoji } [OPNsense](router.md#opnsense)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](router.md)
## Service Providers
### Cloud Storage
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Proton Drive logo](assets/img/cloud/protondrive.svg){ .twemoji } [Proton Drive](cloud.md#proton-drive)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](cloud.md)
### DNS
#### DNS Providers
We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers based on a variety of criteria, such as [Mullvad](https://mullvad.net/en/help/dns-over-https-and-dns-over-tls) and [Quad9](https://quad9.net/) amongst others. We recommend for you to read our pages on DNS before choosing a provider. In many cases, using an alternative DNS provider is not recommended.
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](dns.md)
#### Encrypted DNS Proxies
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![RethinkDNS logo](assets/img/android/rethinkdns.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![RethinkDNS logo](assets/img/android/rethinkdns-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [RethinkDNS](dns.md#rethinkdns)
- ![dnscrypt-proxy logo](assets/img/dns/dnscrypt-proxy.svg){ .twemoji } [dnscrypt-proxy](dns.md#dnscrypt-proxy)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](dns.md#encrypted-dns-proxies)
#### Self-hosted Solutions
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![AdGuard Home logo](assets/img/dns/adguard-home.svg){ .twemoji } [AdGuard Home](dns.md#adguard-home)
- ![Pi-hole logo](assets/img/dns/pi-hole.svg){ .twemoji } [Pi-hole](dns.md#pi-hole)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](dns.md#self-hosted-solutions)
### Email
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Proton Mail logo](assets/img/email/protonmail.svg){ .twemoji } [Proton Mail](email.md#proton-mail)
- ![Mailbox.org logo](assets/img/email/mailboxorg.svg){ .twemoji } [Mailbox.org](email.md#mailboxorg)
- ![StartMail logo](assets/img/email/startmail.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![StartMail logo](assets/img/email/startmail-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [StartMail](email.md#startmail)
- ![Tutanota logo](assets/img/email/tutanota.svg){ .twemoji } [Tutanota](email.md#tutanota)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](email.md)
#### Email Aliasing Services
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![AnonAddy logo](assets/img/email/anonaddy.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![AnonAddy logo](assets/img/email/anonaddy-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [AnonAddy](email.md#anonaddy)
- ![SimpleLogin logo](assets/img/email/simplelogin.svg){ .twemoji } [SimpleLogin](email.md#simplelogin)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](email.md#email-aliasing-services)
#### Self-Hosting Email
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![mailcow logo](assets/img/email/mailcow.svg){ .twemoji } [mailcow](email.md#self-hosting-email)
- ![Mail-in-a-Box logo](assets/img/email/mail-in-a-box.svg){ .twemoji } [Mail-in-a-Box](email.md#self-hosting-email)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](email.md#self-hosting-email)
### Financial Services
#### Payment Masking Services
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Privacy.com logo](assets/img/financial-services/privacy_com.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Privacy.com logo](assets/img/financial-services/privacy_com-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Privacy.com](financial-services.md#privacycom-us-free)
- ![MySudo logo](assets/img/financial-services/mysudo.svg){ .twemoji } [MySudo](financial-services.md#mysudo-us-paid)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](financial-services.md#payment-masking-services)
#### Online Gift Card Marketplaces
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Cake Pay logo](assets/img/financial-services/cakepay.svg){ .twemoji } [Cake Pay](financial-services.md#cake-pay)
- ![CoinCards logo](assets/img/financial-services/coincards.svg){ .twemoji } [CoinCards](financial-services.md#coincards)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](financial-services.md#gift-card-marketplaces)
### Search Engines
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ .twemoji } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ .twemoji } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ .twemoji } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](search-engines.md)
### Phone Number (VoIP) Providers
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- [JMP.chat](phone.md#jmpchat)
- ![MySudo logo](assets/img/voip/mysudo.svg){ .twemoji } [MySudo](phone.md#mysudo)
- [Hushed](phone.md#hushed)
- [Cheogram](phone.md#cheogram-sopranica)
- [VOIPSuite](phone.md#operation-privacy-voip)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](phone.md)
### VPN Providers
??? danger "VPNs do not provide anonymity"
Using a VPN will **not** keep your browsing habits anonymous, nor will it add additional security to non-secure (HTTP) traffic.
If you are looking for **anonymity**, you should use the Tor Browser **instead** of a VPN.
If you're looking for added **security**, you should always ensure you're connecting to websites using HTTPS. A VPN is not a replacement for good security practices.
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](vpn.md)
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![IVPN logo](assets/img/vpn/mini/ivpn.svg){ .twemoji } [IVPN](vpn.md#ivpn)
- ![Mullvad logo](assets/img/vpn/mullvad.svg){ .twemoji } [Mullvad](vpn.md#mullvad)
- ![Proton VPN logo](assets/img/vpn/protonvpn.svg){ .twemoji } [Proton VPN](vpn.md#proton-vpn)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](vpn.md)
## Software
### Calendar Sync
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Tutanota logo](assets/img/calendar/tutanota.svg){ .twemoji } [Tutanota](calendar.md#tutanota)
- ![Proton Calendar logo](assets/img/calendar/proton-calendar.svg){ .twemoji } [Proton Calendar](calendar.md#proton-calendar)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](calendar.md)
### Cryptocurrency
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Monero logo](assets/img/cryptocurrency/monero.svg){ .twemoji }[Monero](cryptocurrency.md#monero)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](cryptocurrency.md)
### Data and Metadata Redaction
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![MAT2 logo](assets/img/data-redaction/mat2.svg){ .twemoji } [MAT2](data-redaction.md#mat2)
- ![ExifEraser logo](assets/img/data-redaction/exiferaser.svg){ .twemoji } [ExifEraser (Android)](data-redaction.md#exiferaser-android)
- ![Metapho logo](assets/img/data-redaction/metapho.jpg){ .twemoji } [Metapho (iOS)](data-redaction.md#metapho-ios)
- ![PrivacyBlur logo](assets/img/data-redaction/privacyblur.svg){ .twemoji } [PrivacyBlur](data-redaction.md#privacyblur)
- ![ExifTool logo](assets/img/data-redaction/exiftool.png){ .twemoji } [ExifTool (CLI)](data-redaction.md#exiftool)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](data-redaction.md)
### Email Clients
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Thunderbird logo](assets/img/email-clients/thunderbird.svg){ .twemoji } [Thunderbird](email-clients.md#thunderbird)
- ![Apple Mail logo](assets/img/email-clients/applemail.png){ .twemoji } [Apple Mail (macOS)](email-clients.md#apple-mail-macos)
- ![Canary Mail logo](assets/img/email-clients/canarymail.svg){ .twemoji } [Canary Mail (iOS)](email-clients.md#canary-mail-ios)
- ![FairEmail logo](assets/img/email-clients/fairemail.svg){ .twemoji } [FairEmail (Android)](email-clients.md#fairemail-android)
- ![GNOME Evolution logo](assets/img/email-clients/evolution.svg){ .twemoji } [GNOME Evolution (Linux)](email-clients.md#gnome-evolution-gnome)
- ![K-9 Mail logo](assets/img/email-clients/k9mail.svg){ .twemoji } [K-9 Mail (Android)](email-clients.md#k-9-mail-android)
- ![Kontact logo](assets/img/email-clients/kontact.svg){ .twemoji } [Kontact (Linux)](email-clients.md#kontact-kde)
- ![Mailvelope logo](assets/img/email-clients/mailvelope.svg){ .twemoji } [Mailvelope (PGP in standard webmail)](email-clients.md#mailvelope-browser)
- ![NeoMutt logo](assets/img/email-clients/mutt.svg){ .twemoji } [NeoMutt (CLI)](email-clients.md#neomutt-cli)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](email-clients.md)
### Encryption Software
??? info "Operating System Disk Encryption"
For encrypting your operating system drive, we typically recommend using whichever encryption tool your operating system provides, whether that is **BitLocker** on Windows, **FileVault** on macOS, or **LUKS** on Linux. These tools are included with the operating system and typically use hardware encryption elements such as a TPM that other full-disk encryption software like VeraCrypt do not. VeraCrypt is still suitable for non-operating system disks such as external drives, especially drives that may be accessed from multiple operating systems.
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](encryption.md##operating-system-included-full-disk-encryption-fde)
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Cryptomator logo](assets/img/encryption-software/cryptomator.svg){ .twemoji } [Cryptomator](encryption.md#cryptomator-cloud)
- ![Picocrypt logo](assets/img/encryption-software/picocrypt.svg){ .twemoji } [Picocrypt](encryption.md#picocrypt-file)
- ![VeraCrypt logo](assets/img/encryption-software/veracrypt.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![VeraCrypt logo](assets/img/encryption-software/veracrypt-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [VeraCrypt (FDE)](encryption.md#veracrypt-disk)
- ![Hat.sh logo](assets/img/encryption-software/hat-sh.png#only-light){ .twemoji }![Hat.sh logo](assets/img/encryption-software/hat-sh-dark.png#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Hat.sh (Browser-based)](encryption.md#hatsh)
- ![Kryptor logo](assets/img/encryption-software/kryptor.png){ .twemoji } [Kryptor](encryption.md#kryptor)
- ![Tomb logo](assets/img/encryption-software/tomb.png){ .twemoji } [Tomb](encryption.md#tomb)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](encryption.md)
#### OpenPGP Clients
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![GnuPG logo](assets/img/encryption-software/gnupg.svg){ .twemoji } [GnuPG](encryption.md#gnu-privacy-guard)
- ![GPG4Win logo](assets/img/encryption-software/gpg4win.svg){ .twemoji } [GPG4Win (Windows)](encryption.md#gpg4win)
- ![GPG Suite logo](assets/img/encryption-software/gpgsuite.png){ .twemoji } [GPG Suite (macOS)](encryption.md#gpg-suite)
- ![OpenKeychain logo](assets/img/encryption-software/openkeychain.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenKeychain](encryption.md#openkeychain)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](encryption.md#openpgp)
### File Sharing and Sync
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Send logo](assets/img/file-sharing-sync/send.svg){ .twemoji } [Send](file-sharing.md#send)
- ![OnionShare logo](assets/img/file-sharing-sync/onionshare.svg){ .twemoji } [OnionShare](file-sharing.md#onionshare)
- ![FreedomBox logo](assets/img/file-sharing-sync/freedombox.svg){ .twemoji } [FreedomBox](file-sharing.md#freedombox)
- ![Nextcloud logo](assets/img/productivity/nextcloud.svg){ .twemoji } [Nextcloud (Self-Hostable)](productivity.md#nextcloud)
- ![Syncthing logo](assets/img/file-sharing-sync/syncthing.svg){ .twemoji } [Syncthing](file-sharing.md#syncthing)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](file-sharing.md)
### Frontends
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Librarian logo](assets/img/frontends/librarian.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Librarian logo](assets/img/frontends/librarian-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Librarian (LBRY, Web)](frontends.md#librarian)
- ![Nitter logo](assets/img/frontends/nitter.svg){ .twemoji } [Nitter (Twitter, Web)](frontends.md#nitter)
- ![FreeTube logo](assets/img/frontends/freetube.svg){ .twemoji } [FreeTube (YouTube, Desktop)](frontends.md#freetube)
- ![Yattee logo](assets/img/frontends/yattee.svg){ .twemoji } [Yattee (YouTube; iOS, tvOS, macOS)](frontends.md#yattee)
- ![LibreTube logo](assets/img/frontends/libretube.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![LibreTube logo](assets/img/frontends/libretube-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [LibreTube (YouTube, Android)](frontends.md#libretube-android)
- ![NewPipe logo](assets/img/frontends/newpipe.svg){ .twemoji } [NewPipe (YouTube, Android)](frontends.md#newpipe-android)
- ![Invidious logo](assets/img/frontends/invidious.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Invidious logo](assets/img/frontends/invidious-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Invidious (YouTube, Web)](frontends.md#invidious)
- ![Piped logo](assets/img/frontends/piped.svg){ .twemoji } [Piped (YouTube, Web)](frontends.md#piped)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](frontends.md)
### Multi-Factor Authentication Tools
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![YubiKeys](assets/img/multi-factor-authentication/mini/yubico.svg){ .twemoji } [YubiKey](multi-factor-authentication.md#yubikey)
- ![Nitrokey](assets/img/multi-factor-authentication/mini/nitrokey.svg){ .twemoji } [Nitrokey](multi-factor-authentication.md#nitrokey-librem-key)
- ![Aegis logo](assets/img/multi-factor-authentication/aegis.png){ .twemoji } [Aegis Authenticator](multi-factor-authentication.md#aegis-authenticator)
- ![Raivo OTP logo](assets/img/multi-factor-authentication/raivo-otp.png){ .twemoji } [Raivo OTP](multi-factor-authentication.md#raivo-otp)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](multi-factor-authentication.md)
### News Aggregators
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Akregator logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/akregator.svg){ .twemoji } [Akregator](news-aggregators.md#akregator)
- ![Feeder logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/feeder.png){ .twemoji} [Feeder](news-aggregators.md#feeder)
- ![Fluent Reader logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/fluent-reader.svg){ .twemoji } [Fluent Reader](news-aggregators.md#fluent-reader)
- ![GNOME Feeds logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/gfeeds.svg){ .twemoji } [GNOME Feeds](news-aggregators.md#gnome-feeds)
- ![Miniflux logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/miniflux.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Miniflux logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/miniflux-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Miniflux](news-aggregators.md#miniflux)
- ![NetNewsWire logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/netnewswire.png){ .twemoji } [NetNewsWire](news-aggregators.md#netnewswire)
- ![Newsboat logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/newsboat.svg){ .twemoji } [Newsboat](news-aggregators.md#newsboat)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](news-aggregators.md)
### Notebooks
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Joplin logo](assets/img/notebooks/joplin.svg){ .twemoji } [Joplin](notebooks.md#joplin)
- ![Standard Notes logo](assets/img/notebooks/standard-notes.svg){ .twemoji } [Standard Notes](notebooks.md#standard-notes)
- ![Cryptee logo](assets/img/notebooks/cryptee.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Cryptee logo](assets/img/notebooks/cryptee-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Cryptee](notebooks.md#cryptee)
- ![Org-mode logo](assets/img/notebooks/org-mode.svg){ .twemoji } [Org-mode](notebooks.md#org-mode)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](notebooks.md)
### Password Managers
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Bitwarden logo](assets/img/password-management/bitwarden.svg){ .twemoji } [Bitwarden](passwords.md#bitwarden)
- ![1Password logo](assets/img/password-management/1password.svg){ .twemoji } [1Password](passwords.md#1password)
- ![Psono logo](assets/img/password-management/psono.svg){ .twemoji } [Psono](passwords.md#psono)
- ![KeePassXC logo](assets/img/password-management/keepassxc.svg){ .twemoji } [KeePassXC](passwords.md#keepassxc)
- ![KeePassDX logo](assets/img/password-management/keepassdx.svg){ .twemoji } [KeePassDX (Android)](passwords.md#keepassdx-android)
- ![Strongbox logo](assets/img/password-management/strongbox.svg){ .twemoji } [Strongbox (iOS & macOS)](passwords.md#strongbox-ios-macos)
- ![gopass logo](assets/img/password-management/gopass.svg){ .twemoji } [gopass](passwords.md#gopass)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](passwords.md)
### Productivity Tools
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Nextcloud logo](assets/img/productivity/nextcloud.svg){ .twemoji } [Nextcloud (Self-Hostable)](productivity.md#nextcloud)
- ![LibreOffice logo](assets/img/productivity/libreoffice.svg){ .twemoji } [LibreOffice](productivity.md#libreoffice)
- ![OnlyOffice logo](assets/img/productivity/onlyoffice.svg){ .twemoji } [OnlyOffice](productivity.md#onlyoffice)
- ![CryptPad logo](assets/img/productivity/cryptpad.svg){ .twemoji } [CryptPad](productivity.md#cryptpad)
- ![PrivateBin logo](assets/img/productivity/privatebin.svg){ .twemoji } [PrivateBin (Pastebin)](productivity.md#privatebin)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](productivity.md)
### Real-Time Communication
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Signal logo](assets/img/messengers/signal.svg){ .twemoji } [Signal](real-time-communication.md#signal)
- ![Briar logo](assets/img/messengers/briar.svg){ .twemoji } [Briar](real-time-communication.md#briar)
- ![SimpleX Chat logo](assets/img/messengers/simplex.svg){ .twemoji } [SimpleX Chat](real-time-communication.md#simplex-chat)
- ![Element logo](assets/img/messengers/element.svg){ .twemoji } [Element](real-time-communication.md#element)
- ![Session logo](assets/img/messengers/session.svg){ .twemoji } [Session](real-time-communication.md#session)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](real-time-communication.md)
### Video Streaming Clients
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![LBRY logo](assets/img/video-streaming/lbry.svg){ .twemoji } [LBRY](video-streaming.md#lbry)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](video-streaming.md)

View File

@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
---
title: "Tor Network"
icon: simple/torproject
description: Protect your internet browsing from prying eyes by using the Tor network, a secure network which circumvents censorship.
---
![Tor logo](assets/img/self-contained-networks/tor.svg){ align=right }
@ -15,13 +16,7 @@ The **Tor** network is a group of volunteer-operated servers that allows you to
Tor works by routing your internet traffic through those volunteer-operated servers, instead of making a direct connection to the site you're trying to visit. This obfuscates where the traffic is coming from, and no server in the connection path is able to see the full path of where the traffic is coming from and going to, meaning even the servers you are using to connect cannot break your anonymity.
<figure markdown>
![Tor path](assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path.svg#only-light)
![Tor path](assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-dark.svg#only-dark)
<figcaption>Tor circuit pathway - Nodes in the path can only see the servers they are directly connected to, for example the "Entry" node shown can see your IP address, and the address of the "Middle" node, but has no way to see which website you are visiting.</figcaption>
</figure>
- [More information about how Tor works :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/tor-overview.md)
[Detailed Tor Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/tor-overview.md){ .md-button }
## Connecting to Tor

View File

@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
---
title: "Video Streaming"
icon: material/video-wireless
description: These networks allow you to stream internet content without building an advertising profile based on your interests.
---
The primary threat when using a video streaming platform is that your streaming habits and subscription lists could be used to profile you. You should combine these tools with a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) to make it harder to profile your usage.
## Clients
### LBRY
## LBRY
!!! recommendation
@ -37,4 +36,15 @@ The primary threat when using a video streaming platform is that your streaming
We recommend **against** synchronizing your wallet with LBRY Inc., as synchronizing encrypted wallets is not supported yet. If you synchronize your wallet with LBRY Inc., you have to trust them to not look at your subscription list, [LBC](https://lbry.com/faq/earn-credits) funds, or take control of your channel.
You can disable *Save hosting data to help the LBRY network* option in :gear: **Settings****Advanced Settings**, to avoid exposing your IP address and watched videos when using LBRY for a prolonged period of time.
You can disable *Save hosting data to help the LBRY network* option in :gear: **Settings****Advanced Settings**, to avoid exposing your IP address and watched videos when using LBRY for a prolonged period of time.
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
!!! example "This section is new"
We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress.
- Must not require a centralized account to view videos.
- Decentralized authentication, such as via a mobile wallet's private key is acceptable.

View File

@ -1,321 +0,0 @@
---
title: "VPN Services"
icon: material/vpn
---
Find a no-logging VPN operator who isnt out to sell or read your web traffic.
??? danger "VPNs do not provide anonymity"
Using a VPN will **not** keep your browsing habits anonymous, nor will it add additional security to non-secure (HTTP) traffic.
If you are looking for **anonymity**, you should use the Tor Browser **instead** of a VPN.
If you're looking for added **security**, you should always ensure you're connecting to websites using HTTPS. A VPN is not a replacement for good security practices.
[Download Tor](https://www.torproject.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Tor Myths & FAQ](advanced/tor-overview.md){ .md-button }
??? question "When are VPNs useful?"
If you're looking for additional **privacy** from your ISP, on a public Wi-Fi network, or while torrenting files, a VPN may be the solution for you as long as you understand the risks involved.
[More Info](basics/vpn-overview.md){ .md-button }
## Recommended Providers
!!! abstract "Criteria"
Our recommended providers use encryption, accept Monero, support WireGuard & OpenVPN, and have a no logging policy. Read our [full list of criteria](#our-criteria) for more information.
### Proton VPN
!!! recommendation annotate
![Proton VPN logo](assets/img/vpn/protonvpn.svg){ align=right }
**Proton VPN** is a strong contender in the VPN space, and they have been in operation since 2016. Proton AG is based in Switzerland and offers a limited free tier, as well as a more featured premium option.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://protonvpn.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://protonvpn.com/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://protonvpn.com/support/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ProtonVPN){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ch.protonvpn.android)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-store/id1437005085)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/ProtonVPN/android-app/releases)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://protonvpn.com/download-windows)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://protonvpn.com/support/linux-vpn-setup/)
??? success annotate "67 Countries"
Proton VPN has [servers in 67 countries](https://protonvpn.com/vpn-servers) (1). Picking a VPN provider with a server nearest to you will reduce latency of the network traffic you send. This is because of a shorter route (fewer hops) to the destination.
We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).
1. Last checked: 2022-09-16
??? success "Independently Audited"
As of January 2020, Proton VPN has undergone an independent audit by SEC Consult. SEC Consult found some medium and low risk vulnerabilities in Proton VPN's Windows, Android, and iOS applications, all of which were "properly fixed" by Proton VPN before the reports were published. None of the issues identified would have provided an attacker remote access to your device or traffic. You can view individual reports for each platform at [protonvpn.com](https://protonvpn.com/blog/open-source/). In April 2022 Proton VPN underwent [another audit](https://protonvpn.com/blog/no-logs-audit/) and the report was [produced by Securitum](https://protonvpn.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/securitum-protonvpn-nologs-20220330.pdf). A [letter of attestation](https://proton.me/blog/security-audit-all-proton-apps) was provided for Proton VPN's apps on 9th November 2021 by [Securitum](https://research.securitum.com).
??? success "Open-Source Clients"
Proton VPN provides the source code for their desktop and mobile clients in their [GitHub organization](https://github.com/ProtonVPN).
??? success "Accepts Cash"
Proton VPN, in addition to accepting credit/debit cards and PayPal, accepts Bitcoin, and **cash/local currency** as anonymous forms of payment.
??? success "WireGuard Support"
Proton VPN mostly supports the WireGuard® protocol. [WireGuard](https://www.wireguard.com) is a newer protocol that uses state-of-the-art [cryptography](https://www.wireguard.com/protocol/). Additionally, WireGuard aims to be simpler and more performant.
Proton VPN [recommends](https://protonvpn.com/blog/wireguard/) the use of WireGuard with their service. On Proton VPN's Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, ChromeOS, and Android TV apps, WireGuard is the default protocol; however, [support](https://protonvpn.com/support/how-to-change-vpn-protocols/) for the protocol is not present in their Linux app.
??? warning "Remote Port Forwarding"
Proton VPN currently only supports remote [port forwarding](https://protonvpn.com/support/port-forwarding/) on Windows, which may impact some applications. Especially Peer-to-peer applications like Torrent clients.
??? success "Mobile Clients"
In addition to providing standard OpenVPN configuration files, Proton VPN has mobile clients for [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/protonvpn-fast-secure-vpn/id1437005085), [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ch.protonvpn.android&hl=en_US), and [GitHub](https://github.com/ProtonVPN/android-app/releases) allowing for easy connections to their servers.
??? info "Additional Functionality"
Proton VPN clients support two factor authentication on all platforms except Linux at the moment. Proton VPN has their own servers and datacenters in Switzerland, Iceland and Sweden. They offer adblocking and known malware domains blocking with their DNS service. Additionally, Proton VPN also offers "Tor" servers allowing you to easily connect to onion sites, but we still strongly recommend using [the official Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) for this purpose.
!!! danger "Killswitch feature is broken on Intel-based Macs"
System crashes [may occur](https://protonvpn.com/support/macos-t2-chip-kill-switch/) on Intel-based Macs when using the VPN killswitch. If you require this feature, and you are using a Mac with Intel chipset, you should consider using another VPN service.
### IVPN
!!! recommendation
![IVPN logo](assets/img/vpn/ivpn.svg){ align=right }
**IVPN** is another premium VPN provider, and they have been in operation since 2009. IVPN is based in Gibraltar.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.ivpn.net/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.ivpn.net/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.ivpn.net/knowledgebase/general/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ivpn){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-android: Android](https://www.ivpn.net/apps-android/)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/ivpn-serious-privacy-protection/id1193122683)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://www.ivpn.net/apps-windows/)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://www.ivpn.net/apps-macos/)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://www.ivpn.net/apps-linux/)
??? success annotate "35 Countries"
IVPN has [servers in 35 countries](https://www.ivpn.net/server-locations) (1). Picking a VPN provider with a server nearest to you will reduce latency of the network traffic you send. This is because of a shorter route (fewer hops) to the destination.
We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).
1. Last checked: 2022-09-16
??? success "Independently Audited"
IVPN has undergone a [no-logging audit from Cure53](https://cure53.de/audit-report_ivpn.pdf) which concluded in agreement with IVPN's no-logging claim. IVPN has also completed a [comprehensive pentest report Cure53](https://cure53.de/summary-report_ivpn_2019.pdf) in January 2020. IVPN has also said they plan to have [annual reports](https://www.ivpn.net/blog/independent-security-audit-concluded) in the future. A further review was conducted [in April 2022](https://www.ivpn.net/blog/ivpn-apps-security-audit-2022-concluded/) and was produced by Cure53 [on their website](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_IVPN_2022.pdf).
??? success "Open-Source Clients"
As of February 2020 [IVPN applications are now open-source](https://www.ivpn.net/blog/ivpn-applications-are-now-open-source). Source code can be obtained from their [GitHub organization](https://github.com/ivpn).
??? success "Accepts Cash and Monero"
In addition to accepting credit/debit cards and PayPal, IVPN accepts Bitcoin, **Monero** and **cash/local currency** (on annual plans) as anonymous forms of payment.
??? success "WireGuard Support"
IVPN supports the WireGuard® protocol. [WireGuard](https://www.wireguard.com) is a newer protocol that uses state-of-the-art [cryptography](https://www.wireguard.com/protocol/). Additionally, WireGuard aims to be simpler and more performant.
IVPN [recommends](https://www.ivpn.net/wireguard/) the use of WireGuard with their service and, as such, the protocol is the default on all of IVPN's apps. IVPN also offers a WireGuard configuration generator for use with the official WireGuard [apps](https://www.wireguard.com/install/).
??? success "Remote Port Forwarding"
Remote [port forwarding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_forwarding) is possible with a Pro plan. Port forwarding [can be activated](https://www.ivpn.net/knowledgebase/81/How-do-I-activate-port-forwarding.html) via the client area. Port forwarding is only available on IVPN when using WireGuard or OpenVPN protocols and is [disabled on US servers](https://www.ivpn.net/knowledgebase/116/Port-forwarding-is-not-working-why.html).
??? success "Mobile Clients"
In addition to providing standard OpenVPN configuration files, IVPN has mobile clients for [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/ivpn-serious-privacy-protection/id1193122683), [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.ivpn.client), and [GitHub](https://github.com/ivpn/android-app/releases) allowing for easy connections to their servers.
??? info "Additional Functionality"
IVPN clients support two factor authentication (Mullvad's clients do not). IVPN also provides "[AntiTracker](https://www.ivpn.net/antitracker)" functionality, which blocks advertising networks and trackers from the network level.
### Mullvad
!!! recommendation
![Mullvad logo](assets/img/vpn/mullvad.svg){ align=right }
**Mullvad** is a fast and inexpensive VPN with a serious focus on transparency and security. They have been in operation since **2009**. Mullvad is based in Sweden and does not have a free trial.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://o54hon2e2vj6c7m3aqqu6uyece65by3vgoxxhlqlsvkmacw6a7m7kiad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://mullvad.net/en/help/privacy-policy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://mullvad.net/en/help/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/mullvad){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.mullvad.mullvadvpn)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/mullvad-vpn/id1488466513)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/mullvad/mullvadvpn-app/releases)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://mullvad.net/en/download/windows/)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://mullvad.net/en/download/macos/)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://mullvad.net/en/download/linux/)
??? success annotate "41 Countries"
Mullvad has [servers in 41 countries](https://mullvad.net/servers/) (1). Picking a VPN provider with a server nearest to you will reduce latency of the network traffic you send. This is because of a shorter route (fewer hops) to the destination.
We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).
1. Last checked: 2023-01-19
??? success "Independently Audited"
Mullvad's VPN clients have been audited by Cure53 and Assured AB in a pentest report [published at cure53.de](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_mullvad_v2.pdf). The security researchers concluded:
> Cure53 and Assured AB are happy with the results of the audit and the software leaves an overall positive impression. With security dedication of the in-house team at the Mullvad VPN compound, the testers have no doubts about the project being on the right track from a security standpoint.
In 2020 a second audit [was announced](https://mullvad.net/blog/2020/6/25/results-available-audit-mullvad-app/) and the [final audit report](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_mullvad_2020_v2.pdf) was made available on Cure53's website:
> The results of this May-June 2020 project targeting the Mullvad complex are quite positive. [...] The overall application ecosystem used by Mullvad leaves a sound and structured impression. The overall structure of the application makes it easy to roll out patches and fixes in a structured manner. More than anything, the findings spotted by Cure53 showcase the importance of constantly auditing and re-assessing the current leak vectors, in order to always ensure privacy of the end-users. With that being said, Mullvad does a great job protecting the end-user from common PII leaks and privacy related risks.
In 2021 an infrastructure audit [was announced](https://mullvad.net/en/blog/2021/1/20/no-pii-or-privacy-leaks-found-cure53s-infrastructure-audit/) and the [final audit report](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_mullvad_2021_v1.pdf) was made available on Cure53's website. Another report was commissioned [in June 2022](https://mullvad.net/en/blog/2022/6/22/vpn-server-audit-found-no-information-leakage-or-logging-of-customer-data/) and is available on [Assured's website](https://www.assured.se/publications/Assured_Mullvad_relay_server_audit_report_2022.pdf).
??? success "Open-Source Clients"
Mullvad provides the source code for their desktop and mobile clients in their [GitHub organization](https://github.com/mullvad/mullvadvpn-app).
??? success "Accepts Cash and Monero"
Mullvad, in addition to accepting credit/debit cards and PayPal, accepts Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, **Monero** and **cash/local currency** as anonymous forms of payment. They also accept Swish and bank wire transfers.
??? success "WireGuard Support"
Mullvad supports the WireGuard® protocol. [WireGuard](https://www.wireguard.com) is a newer protocol that uses state-of-the-art [cryptography](https://www.wireguard.com/protocol/). Additionally, WireGuard aims to be simpler and more performant.
Mullvad [recommends](https://mullvad.net/en/help/why-wireguard/) the use of WireGuard with their service. It is the default or only protocol on Mullvad's Android, iOS, macOS, and Linux apps, but on Windows you have to [manually enable](https://mullvad.net/en/help/how-turn-wireguard-mullvad-app/) WireGuard. Mullvad also offers a WireGuard configuration generator for use with the official WireGuard [apps](https://www.wireguard.com/install/).
??? success "IPv6 Support"
Mullvad supports the future of networking [IPv6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6). Their network allows you to [access services hosted on IPv6](https://mullvad.net/en/blog/2014/9/15/ipv6-support/) as opposed to other providers who block IPv6 connections.
??? success "Remote Port Forwarding"
Remote [port forwarding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_forwarding) is allowed for people who make one-time payments, but not allowed for accounts with a recurring/subscription-based payment method. This is to prevent Mullvad from being able to identify you based on your port usage and stored subscription information. See [Port forwarding with Mullvad VPN](https://mullvad.net/help/port-forwarding-and-mullvad/) for more information.
??? success "Mobile Clients"
Mullvad has published [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/mullvad-vpn/id1488466513) and [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.mullvad.mullvadvpn) clients, both supporting an easy-to-use interface as opposed to requiring you to manually configure your WireGuard connection. The Android client is also available on [GitHub](https://github.com/mullvad/mullvadvpn-app/releases).
??? info "Additional Functionality"
Mullvad is very transparent about which nodes they [own or rent](https://mullvad.net/en/servers/). They use [ShadowSocks](https://shadowsocks.org/) in their ShadowSocks + OpenVPN configuration, making them more resistant against firewalls with [Deep Packet Inspection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_packet_inspection) trying to block VPNs. Supposedly, [China has to use a different method to block ShadowSocks servers](https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/22). Mullvad's website is also accessible via Tor at [o54hon2e2vj6c7m3aqqu6uyece65by3vgoxxhlqlsvkmacw6a7m7kiad.onion](http://o54hon2e2vj6c7m3aqqu6uyece65by3vgoxxhlqlsvkmacw6a7m7kiad.onion).
## Our Criteria
!!! danger
It is important to note that using a VPN provider will not make you anonymous, but it will give you better privacy in certain situations. A VPN is not a tool for illegal activities. Don't rely on a "no log" policy.
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the providers we recommend. This allows us to provide completely objective recommendations.** We have developed a clear set of requirements for any VPN provider wishing to be recommended, including strong encryption, independent security audits, modern technology, and more. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing a VPN provider, and conduct your own research to ensure the VPN provider you choose is as trustworthy as possible.
### Technology
We require all our recommended VPN providers to provide OpenVPN configuration files to be used in any client. **If** a VPN provides their own custom client, we require a killswitch to block network data leaks when disconnected.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Support for strong protocols such as WireGuard & OpenVPN.
- Killswitch built in to clients.
- Multihop support. Multihopping is important to keep data private in case of a single node compromise.
- If VPN clients are provided, they should be [open-source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source), like the VPN software they generally have built into them. We believe that [source code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_code) availability provides greater transparency about what your device is actually doing.
**Best Case:**
- WireGuard and OpenVPN support.
- Killswitch with highly configurable options (enable/disable on certain networks, on boot, etc.)
- Easy-to-use VPN clients
- Supports [IPv6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6). We expect that servers will allow incoming connections via IPv6 and allow you to access services hosted on IPv6 addresses.
- Capability of [remote port forwarding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_forwarding#Remote_port_forwarding) assists in creating connections when using P2P ([Peer-to-Peer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer-to-peer)) file sharing software or hosting a server (e.g., Mumble).
### Privacy
We prefer our recommended providers to collect as little data as possible. Not collecting personal information on registration, and accepting anonymous forms of payment are required.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Monero or cash payment option.
- No personal information required to register: Only username, password, and email at most.
**Best Case:**
- Accepts Monero, cash, and other forms of anonymous payment options (gift cards, etc.)
- No personal information accepted (autogenerated username, no email required, etc.)
### Security
A VPN is pointless if it can't even provide adequate security. We require all our recommended providers to abide by current security standards for their OpenVPN connections. Ideally, they would use more future-proof encryption schemes by default. We also require an independent third-party to audit the provider's security, ideally in a very comprehensive manner and on a repeated (yearly) basis.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Strong Encryption Schemes: OpenVPN with SHA-256 authentication; RSA-2048 or better handshake; AES-256-GCM or AES-256-CBC data encryption.
- Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS).
- Published security audits from a reputable third-party firm.
**Best Case:**
- Strongest Encryption: RSA-4096.
- Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS).
- Comprehensive published security audits from a reputable third-party firm.
- Bug-bounty programs and/or a coordinated vulnerability-disclosure process.
### Trust
You wouldn't trust your finances to someone with a fake identity, so why trust them with your internet data? We require our recommended providers to be public about their ownership or leadership. We also would like to see frequent transparency reports, especially in regard to how government requests are handled.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Public-facing leadership or ownership.
**Best Case:**
- Public-facing leadership.
- Frequent transparency reports.
### Marketing
With the VPN providers we recommend we like to see responsible marketing.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Must self-host analytics (i.e., no Google Analytics). The provider's site must also comply with [DNT (Do Not Track)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Not_Track) for people who want to opt-out.
Must not have any marketing which is irresponsible:
- Making guarantees of protecting anonymity 100%. When someone makes a claim that something is 100% it means there is no certainty for failure. We know people can quite easily deanonymize themselves in a number of ways, e.g.:
- Reusing personal information (e.g., email accounts, unique pseudonyms, etc) that they accessed without anonymity software (Tor, VPN, etc.)
- [Browser fingerprinting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_fingerprint#Browser_fingerprint)
- Claim that a single circuit VPN is "more anonymous" than Tor, which is a circuit of three or more hops that regularly changes.
- Use responsible language: i.e., it is okay to say that a VPN is "disconnected" or "not connected", however claiming that someone is "exposed", "vulnerable" or "compromised" is needless use of alarming language that may be incorrect. For example, that person might simply be on another VPN provider's service or using Tor.
**Best Case:**
Responsible marketing that is both educational and useful to the consumer could include:
- An accurate comparison to when [Tor](tor.md) should be used instead.
- Availability of the VPN provider's website over a [.onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion)
### Additional Functionality
While not strictly requirements, there are some factors we looked into when determining which providers to recommend. These include adblocking/tracker-blocking functionality, warrant canaries, multihop connections, excellent customer support, the number of allowed simultaneous connections, etc.

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---
title: "VPN Services"
icon: material/vpn
description: These are the best VPN services for protecting your privacy and security online. Find a provider here that isnt out to spy on you.
---
If you're looking for additional **privacy** from your ISP, on a public Wi-Fi network, or while torrenting files, a VPN may be the solution for you as long as you understand the risks involved. We think these providers are a cut above the rest:
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![IVPN logo](assets/img/vpn/mini/ivpn.svg){ .twemoji } [IVPN](#ivpn)
- ![Mullvad logo](assets/img/vpn/mullvad.svg){ .twemoji } [Mullvad](#mullvad)
- ![Proton VPN logo](assets/img/vpn/protonvpn.svg){ .twemoji } [Proton VPN](#proton-vpn)
</div>
!!! danger "VPNs do not provide anonymity"
Using a VPN will **not** keep your browsing habits anonymous, nor will it add additional security to non-secure (HTTP) traffic.
If you are looking for **anonymity**, you should use the Tor Browser **instead** of a VPN.
If you're looking for added **security**, you should always ensure you're connecting to websites using HTTPS. A VPN is not a replacement for good security practices.
[Download Tor](https://www.torproject.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Tor Myths & FAQ](advanced/tor-overview.md){ .md-button }
[Detailed VPN Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](basics/vpn-overview.md){ .md-button }
## Recommended Providers
Our recommended providers use encryption, accept Monero, support WireGuard & OpenVPN, and have a no logging policy. Read our [full list of criteria](#criteria) for more information.
### IVPN
!!! recommendation
![IVPN logo](assets/img/vpn/ivpn.svg){ align=right }
**IVPN** is another premium VPN provider, and they have been in operation since 2009. IVPN is based in Gibraltar.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.ivpn.net/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.ivpn.net/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.ivpn.net/knowledgebase/general/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ivpn){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-android: Android](https://www.ivpn.net/apps-android/)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/ivpn-serious-privacy-protection/id1193122683)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://www.ivpn.net/apps-windows/)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://www.ivpn.net/apps-macos/)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://www.ivpn.net/apps-linux/)
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } 35 Countries
IVPN has [servers in 35 countries](https://www.ivpn.net/server-locations).(1) Picking a VPN provider with a server nearest to you will reduce latency of the network traffic you send. This is because of a shorter route (fewer hops) to the destination.
{ .annotate }
1. Last checked: 2022-09-16
We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Independently Audited
IVPN has undergone a [no-logging audit from Cure53](https://cure53.de/audit-report_ivpn.pdf) which concluded in agreement with IVPN's no-logging claim. IVPN has also completed a [comprehensive pentest report Cure53](https://cure53.de/summary-report_ivpn_2019.pdf) in January 2020. IVPN has also said they plan to have [annual reports](https://www.ivpn.net/blog/independent-security-audit-concluded) in the future. A further review was conducted [in April 2022](https://www.ivpn.net/blog/ivpn-apps-security-audit-2022-concluded/) and was produced by Cure53 [on their website](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_IVPN_2022.pdf).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Open-Source Clients
As of February 2020 [IVPN applications are now open-source](https://www.ivpn.net/blog/ivpn-applications-are-now-open-source). Source code can be obtained from their [GitHub organization](https://github.com/ivpn).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Accepts Cash and Monero
In addition to accepting credit/debit cards and PayPal, IVPN accepts Bitcoin, **Monero** and **cash/local currency** (on annual plans) as anonymous forms of payment.
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } WireGuard Support
IVPN supports the WireGuard® protocol. [WireGuard](https://www.wireguard.com) is a newer protocol that uses state-of-the-art [cryptography](https://www.wireguard.com/protocol/). Additionally, WireGuard aims to be simpler and more performant.
IVPN [recommends](https://www.ivpn.net/wireguard/) the use of WireGuard with their service and, as such, the protocol is the default on all of IVPN's apps. IVPN also offers a WireGuard configuration generator for use with the official WireGuard [apps](https://www.wireguard.com/install/).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Remote Port Forwarding
Remote [port forwarding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_forwarding) is possible with a Pro plan. Port forwarding [can be activated](https://www.ivpn.net/knowledgebase/81/How-do-I-activate-port-forwarding.html) via the client area. Port forwarding is only available on IVPN when using WireGuard or OpenVPN protocols and is [disabled on US servers](https://www.ivpn.net/knowledgebase/116/Port-forwarding-is-not-working-why.html).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Mobile Clients
In addition to providing standard OpenVPN configuration files, IVPN has mobile clients for [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/ivpn-serious-privacy-protection/id1193122683), [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.ivpn.client), and [GitHub](https://github.com/ivpn/android-app/releases) allowing for easy connections to their servers.
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Additional Functionality
IVPN clients support two factor authentication (Mullvad's clients do not). IVPN also provides "[AntiTracker](https://www.ivpn.net/antitracker)" functionality, which blocks advertising networks and trackers from the network level.
### Mullvad
!!! recommendation
![Mullvad logo](assets/img/vpn/mullvad.svg){ align=right }
**Mullvad** is a fast and inexpensive VPN with a serious focus on transparency and security. They have been in operation since **2009**. Mullvad is based in Sweden and does not have a free trial.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://o54hon2e2vj6c7m3aqqu6uyece65by3vgoxxhlqlsvkmacw6a7m7kiad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://mullvad.net/en/help/privacy-policy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://mullvad.net/en/help/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/mullvad){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.mullvad.mullvadvpn)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/mullvad-vpn/id1488466513)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/mullvad/mullvadvpn-app/releases)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://mullvad.net/en/download/windows/)
- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://mullvad.net/en/download/macos/)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://mullvad.net/en/download/linux/)
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } 41 Countries
Mullvad has [servers in 41 countries](https://mullvad.net/servers/).(1) Picking a VPN provider with a server nearest to you will reduce latency of the network traffic you send. This is because of a shorter route (fewer hops) to the destination.
{ .annotate }
1. Last checked: 2023-01-19
We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Independently Audited
Mullvad's VPN clients have been audited by Cure53 and Assured AB in a pentest report [published at cure53.de](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_mullvad_v2.pdf). The security researchers concluded:
> Cure53 and Assured AB are happy with the results of the audit and the software leaves an overall positive impression. With security dedication of the in-house team at the Mullvad VPN compound, the testers have no doubts about the project being on the right track from a security standpoint.
In 2020 a second audit [was announced](https://mullvad.net/blog/2020/6/25/results-available-audit-mullvad-app/) and the [final audit report](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_mullvad_2020_v2.pdf) was made available on Cure53's website:
> The results of this May-June 2020 project targeting the Mullvad complex are quite positive. [...] The overall application ecosystem used by Mullvad leaves a sound and structured impression. The overall structure of the application makes it easy to roll out patches and fixes in a structured manner. More than anything, the findings spotted by Cure53 showcase the importance of constantly auditing and re-assessing the current leak vectors, in order to always ensure privacy of the end-users. With that being said, Mullvad does a great job protecting the end-user from common PII leaks and privacy related risks.
In 2021 an infrastructure audit [was announced](https://mullvad.net/en/blog/2021/1/20/no-pii-or-privacy-leaks-found-cure53s-infrastructure-audit/) and the [final audit report](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_mullvad_2021_v1.pdf) was made available on Cure53's website. Another report was commissioned [in June 2022](https://mullvad.net/en/blog/2022/6/22/vpn-server-audit-found-no-information-leakage-or-logging-of-customer-data/) and is available on [Assured's website](https://www.assured.se/publications/Assured_Mullvad_relay_server_audit_report_2022.pdf).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Open-Source Clients
Mullvad provides the source code for their desktop and mobile clients in their [GitHub organization](https://github.com/mullvad/mullvadvpn-app).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Accepts Cash and Monero
Mullvad, in addition to accepting credit/debit cards and PayPal, accepts Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, **Monero** and **cash/local currency** as anonymous forms of payment. They also accept Swish and bank wire transfers.
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } WireGuard Support
Mullvad supports the WireGuard® protocol. [WireGuard](https://www.wireguard.com) is a newer protocol that uses state-of-the-art [cryptography](https://www.wireguard.com/protocol/). Additionally, WireGuard aims to be simpler and more performant.
Mullvad [recommends](https://mullvad.net/en/help/why-wireguard/) the use of WireGuard with their service. It is the default or only protocol on Mullvad's Android, iOS, macOS, and Linux apps, but on Windows you have to [manually enable](https://mullvad.net/en/help/how-turn-wireguard-mullvad-app/) WireGuard. Mullvad also offers a WireGuard configuration generator for use with the official WireGuard [apps](https://www.wireguard.com/install/).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } IPv6 Support
Mullvad supports the future of networking [IPv6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6). Their network allows you to [access services hosted on IPv6](https://mullvad.net/en/blog/2014/9/15/ipv6-support/) as opposed to other providers who block IPv6 connections.
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Remote Port Forwarding
Remote [port forwarding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_forwarding) is allowed for people who make one-time payments, but not allowed for accounts with a recurring/subscription-based payment method. This is to prevent Mullvad from being able to identify you based on your port usage and stored subscription information. See [Port forwarding with Mullvad VPN](https://mullvad.net/help/port-forwarding-and-mullvad/) for more information.
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Mobile Clients
Mullvad has published [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/mullvad-vpn/id1488466513) and [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.mullvad.mullvadvpn) clients, both supporting an easy-to-use interface as opposed to requiring you to manually configure your WireGuard connection. The Android client is also available on [GitHub](https://github.com/mullvad/mullvadvpn-app/releases).
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Additional Functionality
Mullvad is very transparent about which nodes they [own or rent](https://mullvad.net/en/servers/). They use [ShadowSocks](https://shadowsocks.org/) in their ShadowSocks + OpenVPN configuration, making them more resistant against firewalls with [Deep Packet Inspection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_packet_inspection) trying to block VPNs. Supposedly, [China has to use a different method to block ShadowSocks servers](https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/22). Mullvad's website is also accessible via Tor at [o54hon2e2vj6c7m3aqqu6uyece65by3vgoxxhlqlsvkmacw6a7m7kiad.onion](http://o54hon2e2vj6c7m3aqqu6uyece65by3vgoxxhlqlsvkmacw6a7m7kiad.onion).
### Proton VPN
!!! recommendation annotate
![Proton VPN logo](assets/img/vpn/protonvpn.svg){ align=right }
**Proton VPN** is a strong contender in the VPN space, and they have been in operation since 2016. Proton AG is based in Switzerland and offers a limited free tier, as well as a more featured premium option.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://protonvpn.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://protonvpn.com/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://protonvpn.com/support/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ProtonVPN){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ch.protonvpn.android)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-store/id1437005085)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/ProtonVPN/android-app/releases)
- [:simple-windows11: Windows](https://protonvpn.com/download-windows)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://protonvpn.com/support/linux-vpn-setup/)
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } 67 Countries
Proton VPN has [servers in 67 countries](https://protonvpn.com/vpn-servers).(1) Picking a VPN provider with a server nearest to you will reduce latency of the network traffic you send. This is because of a shorter route (fewer hops) to the destination.
{ .annotate }
1. Last checked: 2022-09-16
We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Independently Audited
As of January 2020, Proton VPN has undergone an independent audit by SEC Consult. SEC Consult found some medium and low risk vulnerabilities in Proton VPN's Windows, Android, and iOS applications, all of which were "properly fixed" by Proton VPN before the reports were published. None of the issues identified would have provided an attacker remote access to your device or traffic. You can view individual reports for each platform at [protonvpn.com](https://protonvpn.com/blog/open-source/). In April 2022 Proton VPN underwent [another audit](https://protonvpn.com/blog/no-logs-audit/) and the report was [produced by Securitum](https://protonvpn.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/securitum-protonvpn-nologs-20220330.pdf). A [letter of attestation](https://proton.me/blog/security-audit-all-proton-apps) was provided for Proton VPN's apps on 9th November 2021 by [Securitum](https://research.securitum.com).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Open-Source Clients
Proton VPN provides the source code for their desktop and mobile clients in their [GitHub organization](https://github.com/ProtonVPN).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Accepts Cash
Proton VPN, in addition to accepting credit/debit cards, PayPal, and [Bitcoin](advanced/payments.md#other-coins-bitcoin-ethereum-etc), also accepts **cash/local currency** as an anonymous form of payment.
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } WireGuard Support
Proton VPN mostly supports the WireGuard® protocol. [WireGuard](https://www.wireguard.com) is a newer protocol that uses state-of-the-art [cryptography](https://www.wireguard.com/protocol/). Additionally, WireGuard aims to be simpler and more performant.
Proton VPN [recommends](https://protonvpn.com/blog/wireguard/) the use of WireGuard with their service. On Proton VPN's Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, ChromeOS, and Android TV apps, WireGuard is the default protocol; however, [support](https://protonvpn.com/support/how-to-change-vpn-protocols/) for the protocol is not present in their Linux app.
#### :material-alert-outline:{ .pg-orange } Remote Port Forwarding
Proton VPN currently only supports remote [port forwarding](https://protonvpn.com/support/port-forwarding/) on Windows, which may impact some applications. Especially Peer-to-peer applications like Torrent clients.
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Mobile Clients
In addition to providing standard OpenVPN configuration files, Proton VPN has mobile clients for [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/protonvpn-fast-secure-vpn/id1437005085), [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ch.protonvpn.android&hl=en_US), and [GitHub](https://github.com/ProtonVPN/android-app/releases) allowing for easy connections to their servers.
#### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Additional Functionality
Proton VPN clients support two factor authentication on all platforms except Linux at the moment. Proton VPN has their own servers and datacenters in Switzerland, Iceland and Sweden. They offer adblocking and known malware domains blocking with their DNS service. Additionally, Proton VPN also offers "Tor" servers allowing you to easily connect to onion sites, but we still strongly recommend using [the official Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) for this purpose.
#### :material-alert-outline:{ .pg-orange } Killswitch feature is broken on Intel-based Macs
System crashes [may occur](https://protonvpn.com/support/macos-t2-chip-kill-switch/) on Intel-based Macs when using the VPN killswitch. If you require this feature, and you are using a Mac with Intel chipset, you should consider using another VPN service.
## Criteria
!!! danger
It is important to note that using a VPN provider will not make you anonymous, but it will give you better privacy in certain situations. A VPN is not a tool for illegal activities. Don't rely on a "no log" policy.
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the providers we recommend. This allows us to provide completely objective recommendations.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements for any VPN provider wishing to be recommended, including strong encryption, independent security audits, modern technology, and more. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing a VPN provider, and conduct your own research to ensure the VPN provider you choose is as trustworthy as possible.
### Technology
We require all our recommended VPN providers to provide OpenVPN configuration files to be used in any client. **If** a VPN provides their own custom client, we require a killswitch to block network data leaks when disconnected.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Support for strong protocols such as WireGuard & OpenVPN.
- Killswitch built in to clients.
- Multihop support. Multihopping is important to keep data private in case of a single node compromise.
- If VPN clients are provided, they should be [open-source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source), like the VPN software they generally have built into them. We believe that [source code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_code) availability provides greater transparency about what your device is actually doing.
**Best Case:**
- WireGuard and OpenVPN support.
- Killswitch with highly configurable options (enable/disable on certain networks, on boot, etc.)
- Easy-to-use VPN clients
- Supports [IPv6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6). We expect that servers will allow incoming connections via IPv6 and allow you to access services hosted on IPv6 addresses.
- Capability of [remote port forwarding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_forwarding#Remote_port_forwarding) assists in creating connections when using P2P ([Peer-to-Peer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer-to-peer)) file sharing software or hosting a server (e.g., Mumble).
### Privacy
We prefer our recommended providers to collect as little data as possible. Not collecting personal information on registration, and accepting anonymous forms of payment are required.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- [Anonymous cryptocurrency](cryptocurrency.md) **or** cash payment option.
- No personal information required to register: Only username, password, and email at most.
**Best Case:**
- Accepts multiple [anonymous payment options](advanced/payments.md).
- No personal information accepted (autogenerated username, no email required, etc.).
### Security
A VPN is pointless if it can't even provide adequate security. We require all our recommended providers to abide by current security standards for their OpenVPN connections. Ideally, they would use more future-proof encryption schemes by default. We also require an independent third-party to audit the provider's security, ideally in a very comprehensive manner and on a repeated (yearly) basis.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Strong Encryption Schemes: OpenVPN with SHA-256 authentication; RSA-2048 or better handshake; AES-256-GCM or AES-256-CBC data encryption.
- Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS).
- Published security audits from a reputable third-party firm.
**Best Case:**
- Strongest Encryption: RSA-4096.
- Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS).
- Comprehensive published security audits from a reputable third-party firm.
- Bug-bounty programs and/or a coordinated vulnerability-disclosure process.
### Trust
You wouldn't trust your finances to someone with a fake identity, so why trust them with your internet data? We require our recommended providers to be public about their ownership or leadership. We also would like to see frequent transparency reports, especially in regard to how government requests are handled.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Public-facing leadership or ownership.
**Best Case:**
- Public-facing leadership.
- Frequent transparency reports.
### Marketing
With the VPN providers we recommend we like to see responsible marketing.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Must self-host analytics (i.e., no Google Analytics). The provider's site must also comply with [DNT (Do Not Track)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Not_Track) for people who want to opt-out.
Must not have any marketing which is irresponsible:
- Making guarantees of protecting anonymity 100%. When someone makes a claim that something is 100% it means there is no certainty for failure. We know people can quite easily deanonymize themselves in a number of ways, e.g.:
- Reusing personal information (e.g., email accounts, unique pseudonyms, etc) that they accessed without anonymity software (Tor, VPN, etc.)
- [Browser fingerprinting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_fingerprint#Browser_fingerprint)
- Claim that a single circuit VPN is "more anonymous" than Tor, which is a circuit of three or more hops that regularly changes.
- Use responsible language: i.e., it is okay to say that a VPN is "disconnected" or "not connected", however claiming that someone is "exposed", "vulnerable" or "compromised" is needless use of alarming language that may be incorrect. For example, that person might simply be on another VPN provider's service or using Tor.
**Best Case:**
Responsible marketing that is both educational and useful to the consumer could include:
- An accurate comparison to when [Tor](tor.md) should be used instead.
- Availability of the VPN provider's website over a [.onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion)
### Additional Functionality
While not strictly requirements, there are some factors we looked into when determining which providers to recommend. These include adblocking/tracker-blocking functionality, warrant canaries, multihop connections, excellent customer support, the number of allowed simultaneous connections, etc.

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