Revert some changes from cc69609 (#2073 )

Add breadcrumb metadata (#2072 )
Improve our About page (#2071 )
2025-07-12 06:22:39 +00:00 · 2023-03-06 13:49:03 -06:00 · 2023-03-05 14:52:02 -06:00 · 2023-03-03 12:18:38 -06:00 · 2023-03-03 09:27:46 -06:00 · 2023-03-03 19:15:48 +10:30
1994 changed files with 165845 additions and 1930 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/crowdin-upload.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/crowdin-upload.yml
@ -23,8 +23,6 @@ jobs:
      with:
        upload_sources: true
        upload_sources_args: '--auto-update --delete-obsolete'
-        upload_translations: true
-        auto_approve_imported: false
        download_translations: false
        config: crowdin.yml
      env:
--- a/.github/workflows/pages.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pages.yml
@ -52,7 +52,10 @@ jobs:
          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
          CARDS: true
        run: |
-          pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file mkdocs.production.yml
+          pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.en.yml
+          pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.fr.yml
+          pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.he.yml
+          pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.nl.yml
          mv .well-known site/
          pipenv run mkdocs --version
      
--- a/.gitmodules
+++ b/.gitmodules
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-[submodule "mkdocs-material-insiders"]
-	path = mkdocs-material
-	url = git@github.com:privacyguides/mkdocs-material-insiders.git
-[submodule "docs/assets/brand"]
-	path = docs/assets/brand
+[submodule "theme/assets/brand"]
+	path = theme/assets/brand
 	url = https://github.com/privacyguides/brand.git
+[submodule "modules/mkdocs-material"]
+	path = modules/mkdocs-material
+	url = git@github.com:privacyguides/mkdocs-material-insiders.git
--- a/Brewfile.netlify
+++ b/Brewfile.netlify
@ -0,0 +1 @@
+brew "pngquant"
--- a/3
+++ b/3
@ -5,14 +5,13 @@ name = "pypi"

 [packages]
 mkdocs = "*"
-mkdocs-material = {path = "./mkdocs-material"}
-mkdocs-static-i18n = "*"
 mkdocs-git-revision-date-localized-plugin = "*"
 typing-extensions = "*"
 mkdocs-git-committers-plugin-2 = "*"
 mkdocs-macros-plugin = "*"
 pillow = "*"
 cairosvg = "*"
+mkdocs-material = {path = "./modules/mkdocs-material"}

 [dev-packages]
 scour = "*"
--- a/Pipfile.lock
+++ b/Pipfile.lock
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
    "_meta": {
        "hash": {
-            "sha256": "e58ad55b2281815cbad8bd08738bc446b516cd8a1892d8d6df9e27dc709e4b76"
+            "sha256": "bbd8e3cc3fd584b0dfa5e2cdf3c7d1b2d1409bcd44cfdb359673fd6b89cae8bd"
        },
        "pipfile-spec": 6,
        "requires": {
@ -18,11 +18,11 @@
    "default": {
        "babel": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:1ad3eca1c885218f6dce2ab67291178944f810a10a9b5f3cb8382a5a232b64fe",
-                "sha256:5ef4b3226b0180dedded4229651c8b0e1a3a6a2837d45a073272f313e4cf97f6"
+                "sha256:b4246fb7677d3b98f501a39d43396d3cafdc8eadb045f4a31be01863f655c610",
+                "sha256:cc2d99999cd01d44420ae725a21c9e3711b3aadc7976d6147f622d8581963455"
            ],
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
-            "version": "==2.11.0"
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
+            "version": "==2.12.1"
        },
        "beautifulsoup4": {
            "hashes": [
@ -126,97 +126,84 @@
        },
        "charset-normalizer": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:00d3ffdaafe92a5dc603cb9bd5111aaa36dfa187c8285c543be562e61b755f6b",
-                "sha256:024e606be3ed92216e2b6952ed859d86b4cfa52cd5bc5f050e7dc28f9b43ec42",
-                "sha256:0298eafff88c99982a4cf66ba2efa1128e4ddaca0b05eec4c456bbc7db691d8d",
-                "sha256:02a51034802cbf38db3f89c66fb5d2ec57e6fe7ef2f4a44d070a593c3688667b",
-                "sha256:083c8d17153ecb403e5e1eb76a7ef4babfc2c48d58899c98fcaa04833e7a2f9a",
-                "sha256:0a11e971ed097d24c534c037d298ad32c6ce81a45736d31e0ff0ad37ab437d59",
-                "sha256:0bf2dae5291758b6f84cf923bfaa285632816007db0330002fa1de38bfcb7154",
-                "sha256:0c0a590235ccd933d9892c627dec5bc7511ce6ad6c1011fdf5b11363022746c1",
-                "sha256:0f438ae3532723fb6ead77e7c604be7c8374094ef4ee2c5e03a3a17f1fca256c",
-                "sha256:109487860ef6a328f3eec66f2bf78b0b72400280d8f8ea05f69c51644ba6521a",
-                "sha256:11b53acf2411c3b09e6af37e4b9005cba376c872503c8f28218c7243582df45d",
-                "sha256:12db3b2c533c23ab812c2b25934f60383361f8a376ae272665f8e48b88e8e1c6",
-                "sha256:14e76c0f23218b8f46c4d87018ca2e441535aed3632ca134b10239dfb6dadd6b",
-                "sha256:16a8663d6e281208d78806dbe14ee9903715361cf81f6d4309944e4d1e59ac5b",
-                "sha256:292d5e8ba896bbfd6334b096e34bffb56161c81408d6d036a7dfa6929cff8783",
-                "sha256:2c03cc56021a4bd59be889c2b9257dae13bf55041a3372d3295416f86b295fb5",
-                "sha256:2e396d70bc4ef5325b72b593a72c8979999aa52fb8bcf03f701c1b03e1166918",
-                "sha256:2edb64ee7bf1ed524a1da60cdcd2e1f6e2b4f66ef7c077680739f1641f62f555",
-                "sha256:31a9ddf4718d10ae04d9b18801bd776693487cbb57d74cc3458a7673f6f34639",
-                "sha256:356541bf4381fa35856dafa6a965916e54bed415ad8a24ee6de6e37deccf2786",
-                "sha256:358a7c4cb8ba9b46c453b1dd8d9e431452d5249072e4f56cfda3149f6ab1405e",
-                "sha256:37f8febc8ec50c14f3ec9637505f28e58d4f66752207ea177c1d67df25da5aed",
-                "sha256:39049da0ffb96c8cbb65cbf5c5f3ca3168990adf3551bd1dee10c48fce8ae820",
-                "sha256:39cf9ed17fe3b1bc81f33c9ceb6ce67683ee7526e65fde1447c772afc54a1bb8",
-                "sha256:3ae1de54a77dc0d6d5fcf623290af4266412a7c4be0b1ff7444394f03f5c54e3",
-                "sha256:3b590df687e3c5ee0deef9fc8c547d81986d9a1b56073d82de008744452d6541",
-                "sha256:3e45867f1f2ab0711d60c6c71746ac53537f1684baa699f4f668d4c6f6ce8e14",
-                "sha256:3fc1c4a2ffd64890aebdb3f97e1278b0cc72579a08ca4de8cd2c04799a3a22be",
-                "sha256:4457ea6774b5611f4bed5eaa5df55f70abde42364d498c5134b7ef4c6958e20e",
-                "sha256:44ba614de5361b3e5278e1241fda3dc1838deed864b50a10d7ce92983797fa76",
-                "sha256:4a8fcf28c05c1f6d7e177a9a46a1c52798bfe2ad80681d275b10dcf317deaf0b",
-                "sha256:4b0d02d7102dd0f997580b51edc4cebcf2ab6397a7edf89f1c73b586c614272c",
-                "sha256:502218f52498a36d6bf5ea77081844017bf7982cdbe521ad85e64cabee1b608b",
-                "sha256:503e65837c71b875ecdd733877d852adbc465bd82c768a067badd953bf1bc5a3",
-                "sha256:5995f0164fa7df59db4746112fec3f49c461dd6b31b841873443bdb077c13cfc",
-                "sha256:59e5686dd847347e55dffcc191a96622f016bc0ad89105e24c14e0d6305acbc6",
-                "sha256:601f36512f9e28f029d9481bdaf8e89e5148ac5d89cffd3b05cd533eeb423b59",
-                "sha256:608862a7bf6957f2333fc54ab4399e405baad0163dc9f8d99cb236816db169d4",
-                "sha256:62595ab75873d50d57323a91dd03e6966eb79c41fa834b7a1661ed043b2d404d",
-                "sha256:70990b9c51340e4044cfc394a81f614f3f90d41397104d226f21e66de668730d",
-                "sha256:71140351489970dfe5e60fc621ada3e0f41104a5eddaca47a7acb3c1b851d6d3",
-                "sha256:72966d1b297c741541ca8cf1223ff262a6febe52481af742036a0b296e35fa5a",
-                "sha256:74292fc76c905c0ef095fe11e188a32ebd03bc38f3f3e9bcb85e4e6db177b7ea",
-                "sha256:761e8904c07ad053d285670f36dd94e1b6ab7f16ce62b9805c475b7aa1cffde6",
-                "sha256:772b87914ff1152b92a197ef4ea40efe27a378606c39446ded52c8f80f79702e",
-                "sha256:79909e27e8e4fcc9db4addea88aa63f6423ebb171db091fb4373e3312cb6d603",
-                "sha256:7e189e2e1d3ed2f4aebabd2d5b0f931e883676e51c7624826e0a4e5fe8a0bf24",
-                "sha256:7eb33a30d75562222b64f569c642ff3dc6689e09adda43a082208397f016c39a",
-                "sha256:81d6741ab457d14fdedc215516665050f3822d3e56508921cc7239f8c8e66a58",
-                "sha256:8499ca8f4502af841f68135133d8258f7b32a53a1d594aa98cc52013fff55678",
-                "sha256:84c3990934bae40ea69a82034912ffe5a62c60bbf6ec5bc9691419641d7d5c9a",
-                "sha256:87701167f2a5c930b403e9756fab1d31d4d4da52856143b609e30a1ce7160f3c",
-                "sha256:88600c72ef7587fe1708fd242b385b6ed4b8904976d5da0893e31df8b3480cb6",
-                "sha256:8ac7b6a045b814cf0c47f3623d21ebd88b3e8cf216a14790b455ea7ff0135d18",
-                "sha256:8b8af03d2e37866d023ad0ddea594edefc31e827fee64f8de5611a1dbc373174",
-                "sha256:8c7fe7afa480e3e82eed58e0ca89f751cd14d767638e2550c77a92a9e749c317",
-                "sha256:8eade758719add78ec36dc13201483f8e9b5d940329285edcd5f70c0a9edbd7f",
-                "sha256:911d8a40b2bef5b8bbae2e36a0b103f142ac53557ab421dc16ac4aafee6f53dc",
-                "sha256:93ad6d87ac18e2a90b0fe89df7c65263b9a99a0eb98f0a3d2e079f12a0735837",
-                "sha256:95dea361dd73757c6f1c0a1480ac499952c16ac83f7f5f4f84f0658a01b8ef41",
-                "sha256:9ab77acb98eba3fd2a85cd160851816bfce6871d944d885febf012713f06659c",
-                "sha256:9cb3032517f1627cc012dbc80a8ec976ae76d93ea2b5feaa9d2a5b8882597579",
-                "sha256:9cf4e8ad252f7c38dd1f676b46514f92dc0ebeb0db5552f5f403509705e24753",
-                "sha256:9d9153257a3f70d5f69edf2325357251ed20f772b12e593f3b3377b5f78e7ef8",
-                "sha256:a152f5f33d64a6be73f1d30c9cc82dfc73cec6477ec268e7c6e4c7d23c2d2291",
-                "sha256:a16418ecf1329f71df119e8a65f3aa68004a3f9383821edcb20f0702934d8087",
-                "sha256:a60332922359f920193b1d4826953c507a877b523b2395ad7bc716ddd386d866",
-                "sha256:a8d0fc946c784ff7f7c3742310cc8a57c5c6dc31631269876a88b809dbeff3d3",
-                "sha256:ab5de034a886f616a5668aa5d098af2b5385ed70142090e2a31bcbd0af0fdb3d",
-                "sha256:c22d3fe05ce11d3671297dc8973267daa0f938b93ec716e12e0f6dee81591dc1",
-                "sha256:c2ac1b08635a8cd4e0cbeaf6f5e922085908d48eb05d44c5ae9eabab148512ca",
-                "sha256:c512accbd6ff0270939b9ac214b84fb5ada5f0409c44298361b2f5e13f9aed9e",
-                "sha256:c75ffc45f25324e68ab238cb4b5c0a38cd1c3d7f1fb1f72b5541de469e2247db",
-                "sha256:c95a03c79bbe30eec3ec2b7f076074f4281526724c8685a42872974ef4d36b72",
-                "sha256:cadaeaba78750d58d3cc6ac4d1fd867da6fc73c88156b7a3212a3cd4819d679d",
-                "sha256:cd6056167405314a4dc3c173943f11249fa0f1b204f8b51ed4bde1a9cd1834dc",
-                "sha256:db72b07027db150f468fbada4d85b3b2729a3db39178abf5c543b784c1254539",
-                "sha256:df2c707231459e8a4028eabcd3cfc827befd635b3ef72eada84ab13b52e1574d",
-                "sha256:e62164b50f84e20601c1ff8eb55620d2ad25fb81b59e3cd776a1902527a788af",
-                "sha256:e696f0dd336161fca9adbb846875d40752e6eba585843c768935ba5c9960722b",
-                "sha256:eaa379fcd227ca235d04152ca6704c7cb55564116f8bc52545ff357628e10602",
-                "sha256:ebea339af930f8ca5d7a699b921106c6e29c617fe9606fa7baa043c1cdae326f",
-                "sha256:f4c39b0e3eac288fedc2b43055cfc2ca7a60362d0e5e87a637beac5d801ef478",
-                "sha256:f5057856d21e7586765171eac8b9fc3f7d44ef39425f85dbcccb13b3ebea806c",
-                "sha256:f6f45710b4459401609ebebdbcfb34515da4fc2aa886f95107f556ac69a9147e",
-                "sha256:f97e83fa6c25693c7a35de154681fcc257c1c41b38beb0304b9c4d2d9e164479",
-                "sha256:f9d0c5c045a3ca9bedfc35dca8526798eb91a07aa7a2c0fee134c6c6f321cbd7",
-                "sha256:ff6f3db31555657f3163b15a6b7c6938d08df7adbfc9dd13d9d19edad678f1e8"
+                "sha256:04afa6387e2b282cf78ff3dbce20f0cc071c12dc8f685bd40960cc68644cfea6",
+                "sha256:04eefcee095f58eaabe6dc3cc2262f3bcd776d2c67005880894f447b3f2cb9c1",
+                "sha256:0be65ccf618c1e7ac9b849c315cc2e8a8751d9cfdaa43027d4f6624bd587ab7e",
+                "sha256:0c95f12b74681e9ae127728f7e5409cbbef9cd914d5896ef238cc779b8152373",
+                "sha256:0ca564606d2caafb0abe6d1b5311c2649e8071eb241b2d64e75a0d0065107e62",
+                "sha256:10c93628d7497c81686e8e5e557aafa78f230cd9e77dd0c40032ef90c18f2230",
+                "sha256:11d117e6c63e8f495412d37e7dc2e2fff09c34b2d09dbe2bee3c6229577818be",
+                "sha256:11d3bcb7be35e7b1bba2c23beedac81ee893ac9871d0ba79effc7fc01167db6c",
+                "sha256:12a2b561af122e3d94cdb97fe6fb2bb2b82cef0cdca131646fdb940a1eda04f0",
+                "sha256:12d1a39aa6b8c6f6248bb54550efcc1c38ce0d8096a146638fd4738e42284448",
+                "sha256:1435ae15108b1cb6fffbcea2af3d468683b7afed0169ad718451f8db5d1aff6f",
+                "sha256:1c60b9c202d00052183c9be85e5eaf18a4ada0a47d188a83c8f5c5b23252f649",
+                "sha256:1e8fcdd8f672a1c4fc8d0bd3a2b576b152d2a349782d1eb0f6b8e52e9954731d",
+                "sha256:20064ead0717cf9a73a6d1e779b23d149b53daf971169289ed2ed43a71e8d3b0",
+                "sha256:21fa558996782fc226b529fdd2ed7866c2c6ec91cee82735c98a197fae39f706",
+                "sha256:22908891a380d50738e1f978667536f6c6b526a2064156203d418f4856d6e86a",
+                "sha256:3160a0fd9754aab7d47f95a6b63ab355388d890163eb03b2d2b87ab0a30cfa59",
+                "sha256:322102cdf1ab682ecc7d9b1c5eed4ec59657a65e1c146a0da342b78f4112db23",
+                "sha256:34e0a2f9c370eb95597aae63bf85eb5e96826d81e3dcf88b8886012906f509b5",
+                "sha256:3573d376454d956553c356df45bb824262c397c6e26ce43e8203c4c540ee0acb",
+                "sha256:3747443b6a904001473370d7810aa19c3a180ccd52a7157aacc264a5ac79265e",
+                "sha256:38e812a197bf8e71a59fe55b757a84c1f946d0ac114acafaafaf21667a7e169e",
+                "sha256:3a06f32c9634a8705f4ca9946d667609f52cf130d5548881401f1eb2c39b1e2c",
+                "sha256:3a5fc78f9e3f501a1614a98f7c54d3969f3ad9bba8ba3d9b438c3bc5d047dd28",
+                "sha256:3d9098b479e78c85080c98e1e35ff40b4a31d8953102bb0fd7d1b6f8a2111a3d",
+                "sha256:3dc5b6a8ecfdc5748a7e429782598e4f17ef378e3e272eeb1340ea57c9109f41",
+                "sha256:4155b51ae05ed47199dc5b2a4e62abccb274cee6b01da5b895099b61b1982974",
+                "sha256:49919f8400b5e49e961f320c735388ee686a62327e773fa5b3ce6721f7e785ce",
+                "sha256:53d0a3fa5f8af98a1e261de6a3943ca631c526635eb5817a87a59d9a57ebf48f",
+                "sha256:5f008525e02908b20e04707a4f704cd286d94718f48bb33edddc7d7b584dddc1",
+                "sha256:628c985afb2c7d27a4800bfb609e03985aaecb42f955049957814e0491d4006d",
+                "sha256:65ed923f84a6844de5fd29726b888e58c62820e0769b76565480e1fdc3d062f8",
+                "sha256:6734e606355834f13445b6adc38b53c0fd45f1a56a9ba06c2058f86893ae8017",
+                "sha256:6baf0baf0d5d265fa7944feb9f7451cc316bfe30e8df1a61b1bb08577c554f31",
+                "sha256:6f4f4668e1831850ebcc2fd0b1cd11721947b6dc7c00bf1c6bd3c929ae14f2c7",
+                "sha256:6f5c2e7bc8a4bf7c426599765b1bd33217ec84023033672c1e9a8b35eaeaaaf8",
+                "sha256:6f6c7a8a57e9405cad7485f4c9d3172ae486cfef1344b5ddd8e5239582d7355e",
+                "sha256:7381c66e0561c5757ffe616af869b916c8b4e42b367ab29fedc98481d1e74e14",
+                "sha256:73dc03a6a7e30b7edc5b01b601e53e7fc924b04e1835e8e407c12c037e81adbd",
+                "sha256:74db0052d985cf37fa111828d0dd230776ac99c740e1a758ad99094be4f1803d",
+                "sha256:75f2568b4189dda1c567339b48cba4ac7384accb9c2a7ed655cd86b04055c795",
+                "sha256:78cacd03e79d009d95635e7d6ff12c21eb89b894c354bd2b2ed0b4763373693b",
+                "sha256:80d1543d58bd3d6c271b66abf454d437a438dff01c3e62fdbcd68f2a11310d4b",
+                "sha256:830d2948a5ec37c386d3170c483063798d7879037492540f10a475e3fd6f244b",
+                "sha256:891cf9b48776b5c61c700b55a598621fdb7b1e301a550365571e9624f270c203",
+                "sha256:8f25e17ab3039b05f762b0a55ae0b3632b2e073d9c8fc88e89aca31a6198e88f",
+                "sha256:9a3267620866c9d17b959a84dd0bd2d45719b817245e49371ead79ed4f710d19",
+                "sha256:a04f86f41a8916fe45ac5024ec477f41f886b3c435da2d4e3d2709b22ab02af1",
+                "sha256:aaf53a6cebad0eae578f062c7d462155eada9c172bd8c4d250b8c1d8eb7f916a",
+                "sha256:abc1185d79f47c0a7aaf7e2412a0eb2c03b724581139193d2d82b3ad8cbb00ac",
+                "sha256:ac0aa6cd53ab9a31d397f8303f92c42f534693528fafbdb997c82bae6e477ad9",
+                "sha256:ac3775e3311661d4adace3697a52ac0bab17edd166087d493b52d4f4f553f9f0",
+                "sha256:b06f0d3bf045158d2fb8837c5785fe9ff9b8c93358be64461a1089f5da983137",
+                "sha256:b116502087ce8a6b7a5f1814568ccbd0e9f6cfd99948aa59b0e241dc57cf739f",
+                "sha256:b82fab78e0b1329e183a65260581de4375f619167478dddab510c6c6fb04d9b6",
+                "sha256:bd7163182133c0c7701b25e604cf1611c0d87712e56e88e7ee5d72deab3e76b5",
+                "sha256:c36bcbc0d5174a80d6cccf43a0ecaca44e81d25be4b7f90f0ed7bcfbb5a00909",
+                "sha256:c3af8e0f07399d3176b179f2e2634c3ce9c1301379a6b8c9c9aeecd481da494f",
+                "sha256:c84132a54c750fda57729d1e2599bb598f5fa0344085dbde5003ba429a4798c0",
+                "sha256:cb7b2ab0188829593b9de646545175547a70d9a6e2b63bf2cd87a0a391599324",
+                "sha256:cca4def576f47a09a943666b8f829606bcb17e2bc2d5911a46c8f8da45f56755",
+                "sha256:cf6511efa4801b9b38dc5546d7547d5b5c6ef4b081c60b23e4d941d0eba9cbeb",
+                "sha256:d16fd5252f883eb074ca55cb622bc0bee49b979ae4e8639fff6ca3ff44f9f854",
+                "sha256:d2686f91611f9e17f4548dbf050e75b079bbc2a82be565832bc8ea9047b61c8c",
+                "sha256:d7fc3fca01da18fbabe4625d64bb612b533533ed10045a2ac3dd194bfa656b60",
+                "sha256:dd5653e67b149503c68c4018bf07e42eeed6b4e956b24c00ccdf93ac79cdff84",
+                "sha256:de5695a6f1d8340b12a5d6d4484290ee74d61e467c39ff03b39e30df62cf83a0",
+                "sha256:e0ac8959c929593fee38da1c2b64ee9778733cdf03c482c9ff1d508b6b593b2b",
+                "sha256:e1b25e3ad6c909f398df8921780d6a3d120d8c09466720226fc621605b6f92b1",
+                "sha256:e633940f28c1e913615fd624fcdd72fdba807bf53ea6925d6a588e84e1151531",
+                "sha256:e89df2958e5159b811af9ff0f92614dabf4ff617c03a4c1c6ff53bf1c399e0e1",
+                "sha256:ea9f9c6034ea2d93d9147818f17c2a0860d41b71c38b9ce4d55f21b6f9165a11",
+                "sha256:f645caaf0008bacf349875a974220f1f1da349c5dbe7c4ec93048cdc785a3326",
+                "sha256:f8303414c7b03f794347ad062c0516cee0e15f7a612abd0ce1e25caf6ceb47df",
+                "sha256:fca62a8301b605b954ad2e9c3666f9d97f63872aa4efcae5492baca2056b74ab"
            ],
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
-            "version": "==3.0.1"
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
+            "version": "==3.1.0"
        },
        "click": {
            "hashes": [
@ -275,11 +262,11 @@
        },
        "gitpython": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:769c2d83e13f5d938b7688479da374c4e3d49f71549aaf462b646db9602ea6f8",
-                "sha256:cd455b0000615c60e286208ba540271af9fe531fa6a87cc590a7298785ab2882"
+                "sha256:8ce3bcf69adfdf7c7d503e78fd3b1c492af782d58893b650adb2ac8912ddd573",
+                "sha256:f04893614f6aa713a60cbbe1e6a97403ef633103cdd0ef5eb6efe0deb98dbe8d"
            ],
            "markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
-            "version": "==3.1.30"
+            "version": "==3.1.31"
        },
        "idna": {
            "hashes": [
@ -398,11 +385,11 @@
        },
        "markdown2": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:62156ad2426249a1d1a9059cfe7eab712ff2f397660991b1796c342c19bfa922",
-                "sha256:dfb52ff4007389567b391ce8fa3cff3dd363d1f282d20205383c6a710f9870d1"
+                "sha256:7d49ca871d3e0e412c65d7d21fcbc13ae897f7876f3e5f14dd4db3b7fbf27f10",
+                "sha256:90475aca3d9c8e7df6d70c51de5bbbe9edf7fcf6a380bd1044d321500f5445da"
            ],
            "markers": "python_version >= '3.5' and python_version < '4'",
-            "version": "==2.4.7"
+            "version": "==2.4.8"
        },
        "markupsafe": {
            "hashes": [
@ -486,11 +473,11 @@
        },
        "mkdocs-git-revision-date-localized-plugin": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:38517e2084229da1a1b9460e846c2748d238c2d79efd405d1b9174a87bd81d79",
-                "sha256:4ba0e49abea3e9f6ee26e2623ff7283873da657471c61f1d0cfbb986f403316d"
+                "sha256:540b9c930d8d48630c090b72ac2c3900ac2ed0799b23738a33b88e31f5198fe7",
+                "sha256:7752edd7c4dcaa9383e9a5b6a4f729831a62d604b0c43b319331127720c6a2bf"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==1.1.0"
+            "version": "==1.2.0"
        },
        "mkdocs-macros-plugin": {
            "hashes": [
@ -501,8 +488,8 @@
            "version": "==0.7.0"
        },
        "mkdocs-material": {
-            "path": "./mkdocs-material",
-            "version": "==9.0.11+insiders.4.30.0"
+            "path": "./modules/mkdocs-material",
+            "version": "==9.1.1+insiders.4.32.2"
        },
        "mkdocs-material-extensions": {
            "hashes": [
@ -512,13 +499,6 @@
            "markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
            "version": "==1.1.1"
        },
-        "mkdocs-static-i18n": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:eccd819e727bc91bb58cc7c34230266f9e475abfbc11ace1e4c1f262969e2c2e"
-            ],
-            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==0.53"
-        },
        "packaging": {
            "hashes": [
                "sha256:714ac14496c3e68c99c29b00845f7a2b85f3bb6f1078fd9f72fd20f0570002b2",
@ -618,11 +598,11 @@
        },
        "pipdeptree": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:8c012fd8ee79083806db9d1410a44648f71dba11364719aa40ed718f4762e964",
-                "sha256:9d666f77ff1b9528d01b3d98594096484f56de70d752abe22f13e681be239bd8"
+                "sha256:41c9fa55381dedcde3748712536b3d431931090a74f829916cb2264849c1587d",
+                "sha256:787c994f7d2cff9c3d55750590fd212dabc8ff87e4690624eabb449a49dfd41d"
            ],
            "markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
-            "version": "==2.3.3"
+            "version": "==2.5.2"
        },
        "pycparser": {
            "hashes": [
@ -641,11 +621,11 @@
        },
        "pymdown-extensions": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:c3d804eb4a42b85bafb5f36436342a5ad38df03878bb24db8855a4aa8b08b765",
-                "sha256:ebb33069bafcb64d5f5988043331d4ea4929325dc678a6bcf247ddfcf96499f8"
+                "sha256:31eaa76ce6f96aabfcea98787c2fff2c5c0611b20a53a94213970cfbf05f02b8",
+                "sha256:562c38eee4ce3f101ce631b804bfc2177a8a76c7e4dc908871fb6741a90257a7"
            ],
            "markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
-            "version": "==9.9.2"
+            "version": "==9.10"
        },
        "pyquery": {
            "hashes": [
@ -851,11 +831,11 @@
        },
        "soupsieve": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:3b2503d3c7084a42b1ebd08116e5f81aadfaea95863628c80a3b774a11b7c759",
-                "sha256:fc53893b3da2c33de295667a0e19f078c14bf86544af307354de5fcf12a3f30d"
+                "sha256:49e5368c2cda80ee7e84da9dbe3e110b70a4575f196efb74e51b94549d921955",
+                "sha256:e28dba9ca6c7c00173e34e4ba57448f0688bb681b7c5e8bf4971daafc093d69a"
            ],
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
-            "version": "==2.3.2.post1"
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
+            "version": "==2.4"
        },
        "termcolor": {
            "hashes": [
@ -875,11 +855,11 @@
        },
        "typing-extensions": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:1511434bb92bf8dd198c12b1cc812e800d4181cfcb867674e0f8279cc93087aa",
-                "sha256:16fa4864408f655d35ec496218b85f79b3437c829e93320c7c9215ccfd92489e"
+                "sha256:5cb5f4a79139d699607b3ef622a1dedafa84e115ab0024e0d9c044a9479ca7cb",
+                "sha256:fb33085c39dd998ac16d1431ebc293a8b3eedd00fd4a32de0ff79002c19511b4"
            ],
            "index": "pypi",
-            "version": "==4.4.0"
+            "version": "==4.5.0"
        },
        "urllib3": {
            "hashes": [
@ -891,37 +871,37 @@
        },
        "watchdog": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:102a60093090fc3ff76c983367b19849b7cc24ec414a43c0333680106e62aae1",
-                "sha256:17f1708f7410af92ddf591e94ae71a27a13974559e72f7e9fde3ec174b26ba2e",
-                "sha256:195ab1d9d611a4c1e5311cbf42273bc541e18ea8c32712f2fb703cfc6ff006f9",
-                "sha256:4cb5ecc332112017fbdb19ede78d92e29a8165c46b68a0b8ccbd0a154f196d5e",
-                "sha256:5100eae58133355d3ca6c1083a33b81355c4f452afa474c2633bd2fbbba398b3",
-                "sha256:61fdb8e9c57baf625e27e1420e7ca17f7d2023929cd0065eb79c83da1dfbeacd",
-                "sha256:6ccd8d84b9490a82b51b230740468116b8205822ea5fdc700a553d92661253a3",
-                "sha256:6e01d699cd260d59b84da6bda019dce0a3353e3fcc774408ae767fe88ee096b7",
-                "sha256:748ca797ff59962e83cc8e4b233f87113f3cf247c23e6be58b8a2885c7337aa3",
-                "sha256:83a7cead445008e880dbde833cb9e5cc7b9a0958edb697a96b936621975f15b9",
-                "sha256:8586d98c494690482c963ffb24c49bf9c8c2fe0589cec4dc2f753b78d1ec301d",
-                "sha256:8b5cde14e5c72b2df5d074774bdff69e9b55da77e102a91f36ef26ca35f9819c",
-                "sha256:8c28c23972ec9c524967895ccb1954bc6f6d4a557d36e681a36e84368660c4ce",
-                "sha256:967636031fa4c4955f0f3f22da3c5c418aa65d50908d31b73b3b3ffd66d60640",
-                "sha256:96cbeb494e6cbe3ae6aacc430e678ce4b4dd3ae5125035f72b6eb4e5e9eb4f4e",
-                "sha256:978a1aed55de0b807913b7482d09943b23a2d634040b112bdf31811a422f6344",
-                "sha256:a09483249d25cbdb4c268e020cb861c51baab2d1affd9a6affc68ffe6a231260",
-                "sha256:a480d122740debf0afac4ddd583c6c0bb519c24f817b42ed6f850e2f6f9d64a8",
-                "sha256:adaf2ece15f3afa33a6b45f76b333a7da9256e1360003032524d61bdb4c422ae",
-                "sha256:bc43c1b24d2f86b6e1cc15f68635a959388219426109233e606517ff7d0a5a73",
-                "sha256:c27d8c1535fd4474e40a4b5e01f4ba6720bac58e6751c667895cbc5c8a7af33c",
-                "sha256:cdcc23c9528601a8a293eb4369cbd14f6b4f34f07ae8769421252e9c22718b6f",
-                "sha256:cece1aa596027ff56369f0b50a9de209920e1df9ac6d02c7f9e5d8162eb4f02b",
-                "sha256:d0f29fd9f3f149a5277929de33b4f121a04cf84bb494634707cfa8ea8ae106a8",
-                "sha256:d6b87477752bd86ac5392ecb9eeed92b416898c30bd40c7e2dd03c3146105646",
-                "sha256:e038be858425c4f621900b8ff1a3a1330d9edcfeaa1c0468aeb7e330fb87693e",
-                "sha256:e618a4863726bc7a3c64f95c218437f3349fb9d909eb9ea3a1ed3b567417c661",
-                "sha256:f8ac23ff2c2df4471a61af6490f847633024e5aa120567e08d07af5718c9d092"
+                "sha256:03f342a9432fe08107defbe8e405a2cb922c5d00c4c6c168c68b633c64ce6190",
+                "sha256:0d9878be36d2b9271e3abaa6f4f051b363ff54dbbe7e7df1af3c920e4311ee43",
+                "sha256:0e1dd6d449267cc7d6935d7fe27ee0426af6ee16578eed93bacb1be9ff824d2d",
+                "sha256:2caf77ae137935c1466f8cefd4a3aec7017b6969f425d086e6a528241cba7256",
+                "sha256:3d2dbcf1acd96e7a9c9aefed201c47c8e311075105d94ce5e899f118155709fd",
+                "sha256:4109cccf214b7e3462e8403ab1e5b17b302ecce6c103eb2fc3afa534a7f27b96",
+                "sha256:4cd61f98cb37143206818cb1786d2438626aa78d682a8f2ecee239055a9771d5",
+                "sha256:53f3e95081280898d9e4fc51c5c69017715929e4eea1ab45801d5e903dd518ad",
+                "sha256:564e7739abd4bd348aeafbf71cc006b6c0ccda3160c7053c4a53b67d14091d42",
+                "sha256:5b848c71ef2b15d0ef02f69da8cc120d335cec0ed82a3fa7779e27a5a8527225",
+                "sha256:5defe4f0918a2a1a4afbe4dbb967f743ac3a93d546ea4674567806375b024adb",
+                "sha256:6f5d0f7eac86807275eba40b577c671b306f6f335ba63a5c5a348da151aba0fc",
+                "sha256:7a1876f660e32027a1a46f8a0fa5747ad4fcf86cb451860eae61a26e102c8c79",
+                "sha256:7a596f9415a378d0339681efc08d2249e48975daae391d58f2e22a3673b977cf",
+                "sha256:85bf2263290591b7c5fa01140601b64c831be88084de41efbcba6ea289874f44",
+                "sha256:8a4d484e846dcd75e96b96d80d80445302621be40e293bfdf34a631cab3b33dc",
+                "sha256:8f2df370cd8e4e18499dd0bfdef476431bcc396108b97195d9448d90924e3131",
+                "sha256:91fd146d723392b3e6eb1ac21f122fcce149a194a2ba0a82c5e4d0ee29cd954c",
+                "sha256:95ad708a9454050a46f741ba5e2f3468655ea22da1114e4c40b8cbdaca572565",
+                "sha256:964fd236cd443933268ae49b59706569c8b741073dbfd7ca705492bae9d39aab",
+                "sha256:9da7acb9af7e4a272089bd2af0171d23e0d6271385c51d4d9bde91fe918c53ed",
+                "sha256:a073c91a6ef0dda488087669586768195c3080c66866144880f03445ca23ef16",
+                "sha256:a74155398434937ac2780fd257c045954de5b11b5c52fc844e2199ce3eecf4cf",
+                "sha256:aa8b028750b43e80eea9946d01925168eeadb488dfdef1d82be4b1e28067f375",
+                "sha256:d1f1200d4ec53b88bf04ab636f9133cb703eb19768a39351cee649de21a33697",
+                "sha256:d9f9ed26ed22a9d331820a8432c3680707ea8b54121ddcc9dc7d9f2ceeb36906",
+                "sha256:ea5d86d1bcf4a9d24610aa2f6f25492f441960cf04aed2bd9a97db439b643a7b",
+                "sha256:efe3252137392a471a2174d721e1037a0e6a5da7beb72a021e662b7000a9903f"
            ],
            "markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
-            "version": "==2.2.1"
+            "version": "==2.3.1"
        },
        "webencodings": {
            "hashes": [
@ -932,11 +912,11 @@
        },
        "zipp": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:23f70e964bc11a34cef175bc90ba2914e1e4545ea1e3e2f67c079671883f9cb6",
-                "sha256:e8b2a36ea17df80ffe9e2c4fda3f693c3dad6df1697d3cd3af232db680950b0b"
+                "sha256:112929ad649da941c23de50f356a2b5570c954b65150642bccdd66bf194d224b",
+                "sha256:48904fc76a60e542af151aded95726c1a5c34ed43ab4134b597665c86d7ad556"
            ],
            "markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
-            "version": "==3.13.0"
+            "version": "==3.15.0"
        }
    },
    "develop": {
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -28,6 +28,9 @@
  <a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/pulls?q=is%3Apr+is%3Aclosed">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/github/issues-pr-closed-raw/privacyguides/privacyguides.org">
  </a>
+  <a href="https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides">
+    <img src="https://badges.crowdin.net/privacyguides/localized.svg">
+  </a>
  <a href="https://opencollective.com/privacyguides">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/opencollective/all/privacyguides">
  </a></p>
@ -60,30 +63,18 @@ Our current list of team members can be found [here](https://www.privacyguides.o

 Committing to this repository requires [signing your commits](https://docs.github.com/en/authentication/managing-commit-signature-verification/signing-commits) (`git config commit.gpgsign true`) unless you are making edits via the GitHub.com text editor interface. As of August 2022 the preferred signing method is [SSH commit signatures](https://docs.github.com/en/authentication/managing-commit-signature-verification/about-commit-signature-verification#ssh-commit-signature-verification), but GPG signing is also acceptable. You should add your signing key to your GitHub profile.

-This website uses [`mkdocs-material-insiders`](https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/insiders/) which offers additional functionality over the open-source `mkdocs-material` project. For obvious reasons we cannot distribute access to the insiders repository. You can install the website locally with the open-source version of `mkdocs-material`:
-
-1. Clone this repository:
-    - `git clone https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org.git` (then `cd privacyguides.org`)
-    - `git submodule init`
-    - `git submodule update docs/assets/brand`
-    - `git config gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile .allowed_signers`
-2. Install [Python 3.6+](https://www.python.org/downloads/) (currently only tested with 3.10)
-3. Install [dependencies](/Pipfile): `pip install mkdocs mkdocs-material mkdocs-static-i18n mkdocs-macros-plugin typing-extensions`
-4. Serve the site locally: `mkdocs serve`
-    - The site will be available at `http://localhost:8000`
-    - You can build the site locally with `mkdocs build`
-    - Your local version of the site may be missing functionality, which is expected. If you are submitting a PR, please ensure the automatic preview generated for your PR looks correct, as that site will be built with the production insiders build.
+This website uses [`mkdocs-material-insiders`](https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/insiders/) which offers additional functionality over the open-source `mkdocs-material` project. For obvious reasons we cannot distribute access to the insiders repository. Running this website locally without access to insiders is unsupported. If you are submitting a PR, please ensure the automatic preview generated for your PR looks correct, as that site will be built with the production insiders build.

 **Team members** should clone the repository with `mkdocs-material-insiders` directly. This method is identical to production:

 1. Clone this repository and submodules: `git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org.git`
 2. Enable SSH commit verification with our local [`.allowed_signers`](/.allowed_signers) file: `git config gpg.ssh.allowedSignersFile .allowed_signers`
-3. Install Python **3.10**
+3. Install Python **3.8**, this is the only version supported by Netlify.
 4. Install **pipenv**: `pip install pipenv`
 5. Install dependencies: `pipenv install --dev` (install [Pillow and CairoSVG](https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/setup/setting-up-social-cards/#dependencies) as well to generate social cards)
-6. Serve the site locally: `pipenv run mkdocs serve --config-file mkdocs.production.yml` (set `CARDS=true` to generate social cards)
+6. Serve the site locally: `pipenv run mkdocs serve --config-file config/mkdocs.en.yml` (set `CARDS=true` to generate social cards)
    - The site will be available at `http://localhost:8000`
-    - You can build the site locally with `pipenv run mkdocs build`
+    - You can build the site locally with `pipenv run mkdocs build --config-file config/mkdocs.en.yml`
    - This version of the site should be identical to the live, production version

 If you commit to `main` with commits signed with your SSH key, you should add your SSH key to [`.allowed_signers`](/.allowed_signers) in this repo.
--- a/63
+++ b/63
@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/  /en/  302  Language=en
+/  /fr/  302  Language=fr
+/  /he/  302  Language=he
+/  /nl/  302  Language=nl
+/  /en/  302
+
+/.well-known/matrix/* https://matrix.privacyguides.org/.well-known/matrix/:splat 200
+
+/kb /en/basics/threat-modeling/
+/:lang/kb /:lang/basics/threat-modeling/
+
+/coc/ /en/CODE_OF_CONDUCT/
+
+/team /en/about/
+/browsers /en/desktop-browsers/
+/blog https://blog.privacyguides.org
+/basics/dns-overview /en/advanced/dns-overview/
+/basics/tor-overview /en/advanced/tor-overview/
+/real-time-communication/communication-network-types /en/advanced/communication-network-types
+/advanced/real-time-communication /en/advanced/communication-network-types
+/android/overview /en/os/android-overview/
+/linux-desktop/overview /en/os/linux-overview/
+/android/grapheneos-vs-calyxos https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/21/grapheneos-or-calyxos/
+/ios/configuration https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/10/22/ios-configuration-guide/
+/linux-desktop/hardening https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/22/linux-system-hardening/
+/linux-desktop/sandboxing https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/22/linux-application-sandboxing/
+/advanced/signal-configuration-hardening https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/07/07/signal-configuration-and-hardening/
+/real-time-communication/signal-configuration-hardening https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/07/07/signal-configuration-and-hardening/
+/advanced/integrating-metadata-removal https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/09/integrating-metadata-removal/
+/advanced/erasing-data https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/05/25/secure-data-erasure/
+/operating-systems /en/desktop/
+/threat-modeling /en/basics/threat-modeling/
+/self-contained-networks /en/tor/
+/privacy-policy /en/about/privacy-policy/
+/metadata-removal-tools /en/data-redaction/
+/basics /en/kb
+/software/file-encryption /en/encryption/
+/providers /en/tools/#service-providers
+/software/calendar-contacts /en/calendar/
+/calendar-contacts /en/calendar/
+/software/metadata-removal-tools /en/data-redaction/
+/contact /en/about/
+/welcome-to-privacy-guides https://blog.privacyguides.org/2021/09/14/welcome-to-privacy-guides/
+/software/email /en/email-clients/
+/providers/paste /en/tools/
+/blog/2019/10/05/understanding-vpns https://www.jonaharagon.com/posts/understanding-vpns/
+/terms-and-notices /en/about/notices/
+/software/networks /en/tor/
+/social-news-aggregator /en/news-aggregators/
+/basics/erasing-data https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/05/25/secure-data-erasure/
+/linux-desktop /en/desktop/
+
+/providers/:slug /en/:slug/
+/software/:slug /en/:slug/
+/blog/* https://blog.privacyguides.org/:splat
+/assets/* /en/assets/:splat
+
+/:slug/ /en/:slug/
+/about/:slug/ /en/about/:slug/
+/advanced/:slug/ /en/advanced/:slug/
+/basics/:slug/ /en/basics/:slug/
+/meta/:slug/ /en/meta/:slug/
+/os/:slug/ /en/os/:slug/
--- a/config/mkdocs.common.yml
+++ b/config/mkdocs.common.yml
@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+extra:
+  social:
+    - icon: simple/mastodon
+      link: https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides
+      name: Mastodon
+    - icon: simple/matrix
+      link: https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org
+      name: Matrix
+    - icon: simple/discourse
+      link: https://discuss.privacyguides.net/
+      name: Forum
+    - icon: simple/github
+      link: https://github.com/privacyguides
+      name: GitHub
+  alternate:
+    - name: English
+      link: /en/
+      lang: en
+      icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/twitter/twemoji/master/assets/svg/1f1fa-1f1f8.svg
+    - name: Français
+      link: /fr/
+      lang: fr
+      icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/twitter/twemoji/master/assets/svg/1f1eb-1f1f7.svg
+    - name: עִברִית
+      link: /he/
+      lang: he
+      icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/twitter/twemoji/master/assets/svg/1f1ee-1f1f1.svg
+    - name: Nederlands
+      link: /nl/
+      lang: nl
+      icon: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/twitter/twemoji/master/assets/svg/1f1f3-1f1f1.svg
+
+repo_url: https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org
+repo_name: ""
+
+theme:
+  name: material
+  custom_dir: ../theme
+  favicon: assets/brand/png/favicon/favicon-32x32.png
+  icon:
+    repo: simple/github
+  features:
+    - navigation.tracking
+    - navigation.tabs
+    - navigation.sections
+    - navigation.expand
+    - navigation.path
+    - navigation.indexes
+    - content.tooltips
+    - search.highlight
+
+extra_css:
+  - assets/stylesheets/extra.css?v=3.2.0
+extra_javascript:
+  - assets/javascripts/mathjax.js
+  - assets/javascripts/feedback.js
+
+watch:
+  - ../theme
+  - ../includes
+  - mkdocs.common.yml
+
+plugins:
+  tags: {}
+  search: {}
+  macros: {}
+  meta: {}
+  git-committers:
+    enabled: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
+    repository: privacyguides/privacyguides.org
+    branch: main
+  git-revision-date-localized:
+    enabled: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
+    exclude:
+      - index.md
+    fallback_to_build_date: true
+  privacy:
+    external_assets_exclude:
+      - cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/*
+      - api.privacyguides.net/*
+  optimize:
+    enabled: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
+
+markdown_extensions:
+  admonition: {}
+  pymdownx.details: {}
+  pymdownx.superfences:
+    custom_fences:
+      - name: mermaid
+        class: mermaid
+        format: !!python/name:pymdownx.superfences.fence_code_format
+  pymdownx.tabbed:
+    alternate_style: true
+  pymdownx.arithmatex:
+    generic: true
+  pymdownx.critic: {}
+  pymdownx.caret: {}
+  pymdownx.keys: {}
+  pymdownx.mark: {}
+  pymdownx.tilde: {}
+  pymdownx.snippets: {}
+  pymdownx.tasklist:
+    custom_checkbox: true
+  attr_list: {}
+  def_list: {}
+  md_in_html: {}
+  meta: {}
+  abbr: {}
+  pymdownx.emoji:
+    emoji_index: !!python/name:materialx.emoji.twemoji
+    emoji_generator: !!python/name:materialx.emoji.to_svg
+  tables: {}
+  footnotes: {}
+  toc:
+    permalink: true
+    toc_depth: 4
--- a/config/mkdocs.en.yml
+++ b/config/mkdocs.en.yml
@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+INHERIT: mkdocs.common.yml
+docs_dir: '../docs'
+site_url: "https://www.privacyguides.org/en/"
+site_dir: '../site/en'
+
+site_name: Privacy Guides
+site_description: |
+  Privacy Guides is your central privacy and security resource to protect yourself online.
+copyright: |
+  <b>Privacy Guides</b> is a non-profit, socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy.<br>
+  We do not make money from recommending certain products, and we do not use affiliate links.<br>
+  &copy; 2022 Privacy Guides and contributors.
+  <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="m245.83 214.87-33.22 17.28c-9.43-19.58-25.24-19.93-27.46-19.93-22.13 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.57 9.21 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.47 0 24.65-7.09 30.57-21.26l30.55 15.5c-6.17 11.51-25.69 38.98-65.1 38.98-22.6 0-73.96-10.32-73.96-77.05 0-58.69 43-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.72-.01 52.7 11.95 65.99 35.86zm143.05 0-32.78 17.28c-9.5-19.77-25.72-19.93-27.9-19.93-22.14 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.55 9.23 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.45 0 24.65-7.09 30.54-21.26l31 15.5c-2.1 3.75-21.39 38.98-65.09 38.98-22.69 0-73.96-9.87-73.96-77.05 0-58.67 42.97-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.71-.01 52.58 11.95 65.56 35.86zM247.56 8.05C104.74 8.05 0 123.11 0 256.05c0 138.49 113.6 248 247.56 248 129.93 0 248.44-100.87 248.44-248 0-137.87-106.62-248-248.44-248zm.87 450.81c-112.54 0-203.7-93.04-203.7-202.81 0-105.42 85.43-203.27 203.72-203.27 112.53 0 202.82 89.46 202.82 203.26-.01 121.69-99.68 202.82-202.84 202.82z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M314.9 194.4v101.4h-28.3v120.5h-77.1V295.9h-28.3V194.4c0-4.4 1.6-8.2 4.6-11.3 3.1-3.1 6.9-4.7 11.3-4.7H299c4.1 0 7.8 1.6 11.1 4.7 3.1 3.2 4.8 6.9 4.8 11.3zm-101.5-63.7c0-23.3 11.5-35 34.5-35s34.5 11.7 34.5 35c0 23-11.5 34.5-34.5 34.5s-34.5-11.5-34.5-34.5zM247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3zm94 144.3v42.5H162.1V197h180.3zm0 79.8v42.5H162.1v-42.5h180.3z"></path></svg></span>
+  Content licensed under <a href="/about/"><strong>CC BY-ND 4.0</strong></a>.
+edit_uri: edit/main/docs/
+
+extra:
+  generator: false
+  analytics:
+    provider: plausible
+    property: privacyguides.org
+    feedback:
+      title: "Was this page helpful?"
+      ratings:
+        - icon: material/robot-happy-outline
+          name: "This page was helpful"
+          data: Helpful
+          note: "Thanks for your feedback!"
+        - icon: material/robot-confused
+          name: "This page could be improved"
+          data: Needs Improvement
+          note: "Thanks for your feedback! Help us improve this page by opening a <a href='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'>discussion on our forum</a>."
+
+theme:
+  language: en
+  logo: ../theme/assets/brand/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo-notext-colorbg.svg
+  font:
+    text: Public Sans
+    code: DM Mono
+  palette:
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme)"
+      scheme: default
+      accent: deep purple
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-auto
+        name: "Switch to light mode"
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"
+      scheme: slate
+      accent: amber
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-2
+        name: "Switch to system theme"
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme: light)"
+      scheme: default
+      accent: deep purple
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-5
+        name: "Switch to dark mode"
+
+plugins:
+  social:
+    cards: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
+    cards_color:
+      fill: "#FFD06F"
+      text: "#2d2d2d"
+    cards_dir: assets/img/social
+    cards_font: Public Sans
+    cache_dir: .cache/plugin/social-en
+
+markdown_extensions:
+  pymdownx.snippets:
+    auto_append: 
+      - includes/abbreviations.en.txt
+
+nav:
+  - Home: 'index.md'
+  - Knowledge Base:
+    - 'basics/threat-modeling.md'
+    - 'basics/common-threats.md'
+    - 'basics/common-misconceptions.md'
+    - 'basics/account-creation.md'
+    - 'basics/account-deletion.md'
+    - Technology Essentials:
+      - 'basics/passwords-overview.md'
+      - 'basics/multi-factor-authentication.md'
+      - 'basics/email-security.md'
+      - 'basics/vpn-overview.md'
+    - Operating Systems:
+      - 'os/android-overview.md'
+      - 'os/linux-overview.md'
+      - 'os/qubes-overview.md'
+    - Advanced Topics:
+      - 'advanced/dns-overview.md'
+      - 'advanced/tor-overview.md'
+      - 'advanced/communication-network-types.md'
+    - kb-archive.md
+  - Recommendations:
+    - 'tools.md'
+    - Internet Browsing:
+      - 'tor.md'
+      - 'desktop-browsers.md'
+      - 'mobile-browsers.md'
+    - Operating Systems:
+      - 'android.md'
+      - 'desktop.md'
+      - 'router.md'
+    - Providers:
+      - 'cloud.md'
+      - 'dns.md'
+      - 'email.md'
+      - 'search-engines.md'
+      - 'vpn.md'
+    - Software:
+      - 'calendar.md'
+      - 'data-redaction.md'
+      - 'email-clients.md'
+      - 'encryption.md'
+      - 'file-sharing.md'
+      - 'frontends.md'
+      - 'multi-factor-authentication.md'
+      - 'news-aggregators.md'
+      - 'notebooks.md'
+      - 'passwords.md'
+      - 'productivity.md'
+      - 'real-time-communication.md'
+      - 'video-streaming.md'
+  - About:
+    - 'about/index.md'
+    - 'about/criteria.md'
+    - 'about/statistics.md'
+    - 'about/notices.md'
+    - 'about/privacy-policy.md'
+    - Community:
+      - 'about/donate.md'
+      - Online Services: 'about/services.md'
+      - Code of Conduct: 'CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md'
+      - 'about/privacytools.md'
+    - Contributing:
+      - Writing Guide:
+        - 'meta/writing-style.md'
+        - 'meta/brand.md'
+      - Technical Guides:
+        - 'meta/uploading-images.md'
+        - 'meta/git-recommendations.md'
+  - Changelog: 'https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/releases'
+  - Forum: 'https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'
+  - Blog: 'https://blog.privacyguides.org/'
--- a/config/mkdocs.fr.yml
+++ b/config/mkdocs.fr.yml
@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+INHERIT: mkdocs.common.yml
+docs_dir: '../i18n/fr'
+site_url: "https://www.privacyguides.org/fr/"
+site_dir: '../site/fr'
+
+site_name: Privacy Guides
+site_description: |
+  Privacy Guides est votre ressource centrale en matière de vie privée et de sécurité pour vous protéger en ligne.
+copyright: |
+  <b>Privacy Guides</b> is a non-profit, socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy.<br>
+  We do not make money from recommending certain products, and we do not use affiliate links.<br>
+  &copy; 2022 Privacy Guides and contributors. 
+  <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="m245.83 214.87-33.22 17.28c-9.43-19.58-25.24-19.93-27.46-19.93-22.13 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.57 9.21 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.47 0 24.65-7.09 30.57-21.26l30.55 15.5c-6.17 11.51-25.69 38.98-65.1 38.98-22.6 0-73.96-10.32-73.96-77.05 0-58.69 43-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.72-.01 52.7 11.95 65.99 35.86zm143.05 0-32.78 17.28c-9.5-19.77-25.72-19.93-27.9-19.93-22.14 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.55 9.23 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.45 0 24.65-7.09 30.54-21.26l31 15.5c-2.1 3.75-21.39 38.98-65.09 38.98-22.69 0-73.96-9.87-73.96-77.05 0-58.67 42.97-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.71-.01 52.58 11.95 65.56 35.86zM247.56 8.05C104.74 8.05 0 123.11 0 256.05c0 138.49 113.6 248 247.56 248 129.93 0 248.44-100.87 248.44-248 0-137.87-106.62-248-248.44-248zm.87 450.81c-112.54 0-203.7-93.04-203.7-202.81 0-105.42 85.43-203.27 203.72-203.27 112.53 0 202.82 89.46 202.82 203.26-.01 121.69-99.68 202.82-202.84 202.82z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M314.9 194.4v101.4h-28.3v120.5h-77.1V295.9h-28.3V194.4c0-4.4 1.6-8.2 4.6-11.3 3.1-3.1 6.9-4.7 11.3-4.7H299c4.1 0 7.8 1.6 11.1 4.7 3.1 3.2 4.8 6.9 4.8 11.3zm-101.5-63.7c0-23.3 11.5-35 34.5-35s34.5 11.7 34.5 35c0 23-11.5 34.5-34.5 34.5s-34.5-11.5-34.5-34.5zM247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3zm94 144.3v42.5H162.1V197h180.3zm0 79.8v42.5H162.1v-42.5h180.3z"></path></svg></span> 
+  Content licensed under <a href="/about/"><strong>CC BY-ND 4.0</strong></a>.
+edit_uri: edit/main/i18n/fr/
+
+extra:
+  generator: false
+  analytics:
+    provider: plausible
+    property: privacyguides.org
+    feedback:
+      title: "Cette page vous a été utile ?"
+      ratings:
+        - icon: material/robot-happy-outline
+          name: "Cette page a été utile"
+          data: Helpful
+          note: "Merci pour votre retour !"
+        - icon: material/robot-confused
+          name: "Cette page pourrait être améliorée"
+          data: Needs Improvement
+          note: "Thanks for your feedback! Help us improve this page by opening a <a href='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'>discussion on our forum</a>."
+
+theme:
+  language: fr
+  logo: ../../theme/assets/brand/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo-notext-colorbg.svg
+  font:
+    text: Public Sans
+    code: DM Mono
+  palette:
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme)"
+      scheme: default
+      accent: deep purple
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-auto
+        name: "Basculer en mode clair"
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"
+      scheme: slate
+      accent: amber
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-2
+        name: "Basculer vers le thème du système"
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme: light)"
+      scheme: default
+      accent: deep purple
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-5
+        name: "Basculer en mode sombre"
+
+plugins:
+  social:
+    cards: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
+    cards_color:
+      fill: "#FFD06F"
+      text: "#2d2d2d"
+    cards_dir: assets/img/social
+    cards_font: Public Sans
+    cache_dir: .cache/plugin/social-fr
+
+markdown_extensions:
+  pymdownx.snippets:
+    auto_append: 
+      - includes/abbreviations.fr.txt
+
+nav:
+  - Accueil: 'index.md'
+  - Base de connaissances:
+    - 'basics/threat-modeling.md'
+    - 'basics/common-threats.md'
+    - 'basics/common-misconceptions.md'
+    - 'basics/account-creation.md'
+    - 'basics/account-deletion.md'
+    - Les essentiels de la technologie:
+      - 'basics/passwords-overview.md'
+      - 'basics/multi-factor-authentication.md'
+      - 'basics/email-security.md'
+      - 'basics/vpn-overview.md'
+    - "Systèmes d'exploitation":
+      - 'os/android-overview.md'
+      - 'os/linux-overview.md'
+      - 'os/qubes-overview.md'
+    - "Sujets avancés":
+      - 'advanced/dns-overview.md'
+      - 'advanced/tor-overview.md'
+      - 'advanced/communication-network-types.md'
+    - kb-archive.md
+  - Recommandations:
+    - 'tools.md'
+    - Navigation internet:
+      - 'tor.md'
+      - 'desktop-browsers.md'
+      - 'mobile-browsers.md'
+    - "Systèmes d'exploitation":
+      - 'android.md'
+      - 'desktop.md'
+      - 'router.md'
+    - "Fournisseurs":
+      - 'cloud.md'
+      - 'dns.md'
+      - 'email.md'
+      - 'search-engines.md'
+      - 'vpn.md'
+    - "Logiciels":
+      - 'calendar.md'
+      - 'data-redaction.md'
+      - 'email-clients.md'
+      - 'encryption.md'
+      - 'file-sharing.md'
+      - 'frontends.md'
+      - 'multi-factor-authentication.md'
+      - 'news-aggregators.md'
+      - 'notebooks.md'
+      - 'passwords.md'
+      - 'productivity.md'
+      - 'real-time-communication.md'
+      - 'video-streaming.md'
+  - "À propos":
+    - 'about/index.md'
+    - 'about/criteria.md'
+    - 'about/statistics.md'
+    - 'about/notices.md'
+    - 'about/privacy-policy.md'
+    - Community:
+      - 'about/donate.md'
+      - Online Services: 'about/services.md'
+      - Code of Conduct: 'CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md'
+      - 'about/privacytools.md'
+    - Contributing:
+      - Writing Guide:
+        - 'meta/writing-style.md'
+        - 'meta/brand.md'
+      - Technical Guides:
+        - 'meta/uploading-images.md'
+        - 'meta/git-recommendations.md'
+  - Journal des modifications: 'https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/releases'
+  - Forum: 'https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'
+  - Blog: 'https://blog.privacyguides.org/'
--- a/config/mkdocs.he.yml
+++ b/config/mkdocs.he.yml
@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+INHERIT: mkdocs.common.yml
+docs_dir: '../i18n/he'
+site_url: "https://www.privacyguides.org/he/"
+site_dir: '../site/he'
+
+site_name: Privacy Guides
+site_description: |
+  Privacy Guides (מדריכי פרטיות) הם משאב הפרטיות והאבטחה המרכזי שלכם כדי להגן על עצמכם באופן מקוון.
+copyright: |
+  <b>Privacy Guides</b> is a non-profit, socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy.<br>
+  We do not make money from recommending certain products, and we do not use affiliate links.<br>
+  &copy; 2022 Privacy Guides and contributors.
+  <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="m245.83 214.87-33.22 17.28c-9.43-19.58-25.24-19.93-27.46-19.93-22.13 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.57 9.21 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.47 0 24.65-7.09 30.57-21.26l30.55 15.5c-6.17 11.51-25.69 38.98-65.1 38.98-22.6 0-73.96-10.32-73.96-77.05 0-58.69 43-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.72-.01 52.7 11.95 65.99 35.86zm143.05 0-32.78 17.28c-9.5-19.77-25.72-19.93-27.9-19.93-22.14 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.55 9.23 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.45 0 24.65-7.09 30.54-21.26l31 15.5c-2.1 3.75-21.39 38.98-65.09 38.98-22.69 0-73.96-9.87-73.96-77.05 0-58.67 42.97-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.71-.01 52.58 11.95 65.56 35.86zM247.56 8.05C104.74 8.05 0 123.11 0 256.05c0 138.49 113.6 248 247.56 248 129.93 0 248.44-100.87 248.44-248 0-137.87-106.62-248-248.44-248zm.87 450.81c-112.54 0-203.7-93.04-203.7-202.81 0-105.42 85.43-203.27 203.72-203.27 112.53 0 202.82 89.46 202.82 203.26-.01 121.69-99.68 202.82-202.84 202.82z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M314.9 194.4v101.4h-28.3v120.5h-77.1V295.9h-28.3V194.4c0-4.4 1.6-8.2 4.6-11.3 3.1-3.1 6.9-4.7 11.3-4.7H299c4.1 0 7.8 1.6 11.1 4.7 3.1 3.2 4.8 6.9 4.8 11.3zm-101.5-63.7c0-23.3 11.5-35 34.5-35s34.5 11.7 34.5 35c0 23-11.5 34.5-34.5 34.5s-34.5-11.5-34.5-34.5zM247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3zm94 144.3v42.5H162.1V197h180.3zm0 79.8v42.5H162.1v-42.5h180.3z"></path></svg></span>
+  Content licensed under <a href="/about/"><strong>CC BY-ND 4.0</strong></a>.
+edit_uri: edit/main/i18n/he/
+
+extra:
+  generator: false
+  analytics:
+    provider: plausible
+    property: privacyguides.org
+    feedback:
+      title: "האם הדף הזה עזר לך?"
+      ratings:
+        - icon: material/robot-happy-outline
+          name: "הדף הזה היה מועיל"
+          data: Helpful
+          note: "תודה על המשוב שלך!"
+        - icon: material/robot-confused
+          name: "דף זה יכול להשתפר"
+          data: Needs Improvement
+          note: "תודה על המשוב שלך! Help us improve this page by opening a <a href='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'>discussion on our forum</a>."
+
+extra_css:
+  - assets/stylesheets/extra.css?v=3.2.0
+  - assets/stylesheets/lang-he.css?v=3.4.0
+
+theme:
+  language: he
+  logo: ../../theme/assets/brand/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo-notext-colorbg.svg
+  font:
+    text: Open Sans
+    code: Cousine
+  palette:
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme)"
+      scheme: default
+      accent: deep purple
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-auto
+        name: "עבור למצב בהיר"
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"
+      scheme: slate
+      accent: amber
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-2
+        name: "עבור לערכת הנושא של המערכת"
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme: light)"
+      scheme: default
+      accent: deep purple
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-5
+        name: "עבור למצב כהה"
+
+plugins:
+  social:
+    cards: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
+    cards_color:
+      fill: "#FFD06F"
+      text: "#2d2d2d"
+    cards_dir: assets/img/social
+    cards_font: Suez One
+    cache_dir: .cache/plugin/social-he
+
+markdown_extensions:
+  pymdownx.snippets:
+    auto_append: 
+      - includes/abbreviations.he.txt
+
+nav:
+  - "דף הבית": 'index.md'
+  - "ידע בסיסי":
+    - 'basics/threat-modeling.md'
+    - 'basics/common-threats.md'
+    - 'basics/common-misconceptions.md'
+    - 'basics/account-creation.md'
+    - 'basics/account-deletion.md'
+    - "יסודות הטכנולוגיה":
+      - 'basics/passwords-overview.md'
+      - 'basics/multi-factor-authentication.md'
+      - 'basics/email-security.md'
+      - 'basics/vpn-overview.md'
+    - "מערכות הפעלה":
+      - 'os/android-overview.md'
+      - 'os/linux-overview.md'
+      - 'os/qubes-overview.md'
+    - "נושאים מתקדמים":
+      - 'advanced/dns-overview.md'
+      - 'advanced/tor-overview.md'
+      - 'advanced/communication-network-types.md'
+    - kb-archive.md
+  - "המלצות":
+    - 'tools.md'
+    - "גלישה באינטרנט":
+      - 'tor.md'
+      - 'desktop-browsers.md'
+      - 'mobile-browsers.md'
+    - "מערכות הפעלה":
+      - 'android.md'
+      - 'desktop.md'
+      - 'router.md'
+    - "ספקים":
+      - 'cloud.md'
+      - 'dns.md'
+      - 'email.md'
+      - 'search-engines.md'
+      - 'vpn.md'
+    - "תוכנה":
+      - 'calendar.md'
+      - 'data-redaction.md'
+      - 'email-clients.md'
+      - 'encryption.md'
+      - 'file-sharing.md'
+      - 'frontends.md'
+      - 'multi-factor-authentication.md'
+      - 'news-aggregators.md'
+      - 'notebooks.md'
+      - 'passwords.md'
+      - 'productivity.md'
+      - 'real-time-communication.md'
+      - 'video-streaming.md'
+  - "על אודות":
+    - 'about/index.md'
+    - 'about/criteria.md'
+    - 'about/statistics.md'
+    - 'about/notices.md'
+    - 'about/privacy-policy.md'
+    - Community:
+      - 'about/donate.md'
+      - Online Services: 'about/services.md'
+      - Code of Conduct: 'CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md'
+      - 'about/privacytools.md'
+    - Contributing:
+      - Writing Guide:
+        - 'meta/writing-style.md'
+        - 'meta/brand.md'
+      - Technical Guides:
+        - 'meta/uploading-images.md'
+        - 'meta/git-recommendations.md'
+  - "יומן שינויים": 'https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/releases'
+  - "פורום": 'https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'
+  - "בלוג": 'https://blog.privacyguides.org/'
--- a/config/mkdocs.nl.yml
+++ b/config/mkdocs.nl.yml
@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+INHERIT: mkdocs.common.yml
+docs_dir: '../i18n/nl'
+site_url: "https://www.privacyguides.org/nl/"
+site_dir: '../site/nl'
+
+site_name: Privacy Guides
+site_description: |
+  Privacy Guides is jouw centrale bron voor privacy en beveiliging om jezelf online te beschermen.
+copyright: |
+  <b>Privacy Guides</b> is een non-profit, sociaal gemotiveerde website die informatie biedt voor de bescherming van jouw gegevensbeveiliging en privacy.<br>
+  Wij verdienen geen geld met het aanbevelen van bepaalde producten, en wij maken geen gebruik van affiliate links.<br>
+  &copy; 2022 Privacy Guides en medewerkers.
+  <span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="m245.83 214.87-33.22 17.28c-9.43-19.58-25.24-19.93-27.46-19.93-22.13 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.57 9.21 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.47 0 24.65-7.09 30.57-21.26l30.55 15.5c-6.17 11.51-25.69 38.98-65.1 38.98-22.6 0-73.96-10.32-73.96-77.05 0-58.69 43-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.72-.01 52.7 11.95 65.99 35.86zm143.05 0-32.78 17.28c-9.5-19.77-25.72-19.93-27.9-19.93-22.14 0-33.22 14.61-33.22 43.84 0 23.55 9.23 43.84 33.22 43.84 14.45 0 24.65-7.09 30.54-21.26l31 15.5c-2.1 3.75-21.39 38.98-65.09 38.98-22.69 0-73.96-9.87-73.96-77.05 0-58.67 42.97-77.06 72.63-77.06 30.71-.01 52.58 11.95 65.56 35.86zM247.56 8.05C104.74 8.05 0 123.11 0 256.05c0 138.49 113.6 248 247.56 248 129.93 0 248.44-100.87 248.44-248 0-137.87-106.62-248-248.44-248zm.87 450.81c-112.54 0-203.7-93.04-203.7-202.81 0-105.42 85.43-203.27 203.72-203.27 112.53 0 202.82 89.46 202.82 203.26-.01 121.69-99.68 202.82-202.84 202.82z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M314.9 194.4v101.4h-28.3v120.5h-77.1V295.9h-28.3V194.4c0-4.4 1.6-8.2 4.6-11.3 3.1-3.1 6.9-4.7 11.3-4.7H299c4.1 0 7.8 1.6 11.1 4.7 3.1 3.2 4.8 6.9 4.8 11.3zm-101.5-63.7c0-23.3 11.5-35 34.5-35s34.5 11.7 34.5 35c0 23-11.5 34.5-34.5 34.5s-34.5-11.5-34.5-34.5zM247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3z"></path></svg></span><span class="twemoji"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.2.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2022 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M247.6 8C389.4 8 496 118.1 496 256c0 147.1-118.5 248-248.4 248C113.6 504 0 394.5 0 256 0 123.1 104.7 8 247.6 8zm.8 44.7C130.2 52.7 44.7 150.6 44.7 256c0 109.8 91.2 202.8 203.7 202.8 103.2 0 202.8-81.1 202.8-202.8.1-113.8-90.2-203.3-202.8-203.3zm94 144.3v42.5H162.1V197h180.3zm0 79.8v42.5H162.1v-42.5h180.3z"></path></svg></span>
+  Inhoud gelicentieerd onder <a href="/about/"><strong>CC BY-ND 4.0</strong></a>.
+edit_uri: edit/main/docs/
+
+extra:
+  generator: false
+  analytics:
+    provider: plausible
+    property: privacyguides.org
+    feedback:
+      title: "Was deze pagina nuttig?"
+      ratings:
+        - icon: material/robot-happy-outline
+          name: "Deze pagina was nuttig"
+          data: Helpful
+          note: "Bedankt voor je feedback!"
+        - icon: material/robot-confused
+          name: "Deze pagina kan worden verbeterd"
+          data: Needs Improvement
+          note: "Bedankt voor jouw feedback! Help ons deze pagina te verbeteren door een <a href='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'>discussie te openen op ons forum</a>."
+
+theme:
+  language: nl
+  logo: ../../theme/assets/brand/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo-notext-colorbg.svg
+  font:
+    text: Public Sans
+    code: DM Mono
+  palette:
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme)"
+      scheme: default
+      accent: deep purple
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-auto
+        name: "Verander naar licht thema"
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"
+      scheme: slate
+      accent: amber
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-2
+        name: "Verander naar systeem thema"
+    - media: "(prefers-color-scheme: light)"
+      scheme: default
+      accent: deep purple
+      toggle:
+        icon: material/brightness-5
+        name: "Verander naar donker thema"
+
+plugins:
+  social:
+    cards: !ENV [NETLIFY, false]
+    cards_color:
+      fill: "#FFD06F"
+      text: "#2d2d2d"
+    cards_dir: assets/img/social
+    cards_font: Public Sans
+    cache_dir: .cache/plugin/social-nl
+
+markdown_extensions:
+  pymdownx.snippets:
+    auto_append: 
+      - includes/abbreviations.nl.txt
+
+nav:
+  - Home: 'index.md'
+  - Kennisbank:
+    - 'basics/threat-modeling.md'
+    - 'basics/common-threats.md'
+    - 'basics/common-misconceptions.md'
+    - 'basics/account-creation.md'
+    - 'basics/account-deletion.md'
+    - Technologie essenties:
+      - 'basics/passwords-overview.md'
+      - 'basics/multi-factor-authentication.md'
+      - 'basics/email-security.md'
+      - 'basics/vpn-overview.md'
+    - Besturings systemen:
+      - 'os/android-overview.md'
+      - 'os/linux-overview.md'
+      - 'os/qubes-overview.md'
+    - Gevorderde onderwerpen:
+      - 'advanced/dns-overview.md'
+      - 'advanced/tor-overview.md'
+      - 'advanced/communication-network-types.md'
+    - kb-archive.md
+  - Recommendaties:
+    - 'tools.md'
+    - Surfen op het internet:
+      - 'tor.md'
+      - 'desktop-browsers.md'
+      - 'mobile-browsers.md'
+    - Besturings systemen:
+      - 'android.md'
+      - 'desktop.md'
+      - 'router.md'
+    - Providers:
+      - 'cloud.md'
+      - 'dns.md'
+      - 'email.md'
+      - 'search-engines.md'
+      - 'vpn.md'
+    - Software:
+      - 'calendar.md'
+      - 'data-redaction.md'
+      - 'email-clients.md'
+      - 'encryption.md'
+      - 'file-sharing.md'
+      - 'frontends.md'
+      - 'multi-factor-authentication.md'
+      - 'news-aggregators.md'
+      - 'notebooks.md'
+      - 'passwords.md'
+      - 'productivity.md'
+      - 'real-time-communication.md'
+      - 'video-streaming.md'
+  - Over ons:
+    - 'about/index.md'
+    - 'about/criteria.md'
+    - 'about/statistics.md'
+    - 'about/notices.md'
+    - 'about/privacy-policy.md'
+    - Community:
+      - 'about/donate.md'
+      - Online Services: 'about/services.md'
+      - Code of Conduct: 'CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md'
+      - 'about/privacytools.md'
+    - Contributing:
+      - Writing Guide:
+        - 'meta/writing-style.md'
+        - 'meta/brand.md'
+      - Technical Guides:
+        - 'meta/uploading-images.md'
+        - 'meta/git-recommendations.md'
+  - Changelog: 'https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/releases'
+  - Forum: 'https://discuss.privacyguides.net/'
+  - Blog: 'https://blog.privacyguides.org/'
--- a/crowdin.yml
+++ b/crowdin.yml
@ -2,15 +2,16 @@ api_token_env: CROWDIN_PERSONAL_TOKEN
 project_id: "509862"
 "preserve_hierarchy": true
 files:
- source: "/docs/**/*.en.*"
-  translation: "/docs/**/%file_name%.%two_letters_code%.%file_extension%"
-  translation_replace:
-    "en.": ""
+- source: "/docs/**/*.*"
+  translation: "/i18n/%two_letters_code%/**/%file_name%.%file_extension%"
+  skip_untranslated_files: false
 - source: "/theme/overrides/*.en.html"
  translation: "/theme/overrides/%file_name%.%two_letters_code%.html"
  translation_replace:
    "en.": ""
- source: "/includes/*.en.md"
-  translation: "/includes/%file_name%.%two_letters_code%.md"
+  skip_untranslated_files: false
+- source: "/includes/*.en.*"
+  translation: "/includes/%file_name%.%two_letters_code%.%file_extension%"
  translation_replace:
    "en.": ""
+  skip_untranslated_files: false
--- a/docs/404.md
+++ b/docs/404.md
@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+---
+hide:
+  - feedback
+meta:
+  - property: "robots"
+    content: "noindex, nofollow"
+---
+
+# 404 - Not Found
+
+We couldn't find the page you were looking for! Maybe you were looking for one of these?
+
+- [Introduction to Threat Modeling](basics/threat-modeling.md)
+- [Recommended DNS Providers](dns.md)
+- [Best Desktop Web Browsers](desktop-browsers.md)
+- [Best VPN Providers](vpn.md)
+- [Privacy Guides Forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net)
+- [Our Blog](https://blog.privacyguides.org)
--- a/docs/about/criteria.en.md
+++ b/docs/about/criteria.en.md
--- a/docs/about/donate.en.md
+++ b/docs/about/donate.en.md
--- a/docs/about/index.md
+++ b/docs/about/index.md
@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+---
+template: schema.html
+title: "About Privacy Guides"
+description: Privacy Guides is a socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy.
+---
+![Privacy Guides logo](../assets/brand/png/square/pg-yellow.png){ align=right }
+
+**Privacy Guides** is a socially motivated website that provides [information](/kb) for protecting your data security and privacy. We are a non-profit collective operated entirely by volunteer [team members](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/g/team) and contributors. Our website is free of advertisements and not affiliated with any listed providers.
+
+[:octicons-home-16:](https://www.privacyguides.org/){ .card-link title=Homepage }
+[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
+[:octicons-heart-16:](donate.md){ .card-link title=Contribute }
+
+The purpose of Privacy Guides is to educate our community on the importance of privacy online and government programs internationally that are designed to monitor all of your online activities.
+
+> To find [privacy-focused alternative] apps, check out sites like Good Reports and **Privacy Guides**, which list privacy-focused apps in a variety of categories, notably including email providers (usually on paid plans) that aren’t run by the big tech companies.
+
+— [New York Times](https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/online-security-social-media-privacy/)
+
+> If you're looking for a new VPN, you can go to the discount code of just about any podcast. If you are looking for a **good** VPN, you need professional help. The same goes for email clients, browsers, operating systems and password managers. How do you know which of these is the best, most privacy-friendly option? For that there is **Privacy Guides**, a platform on which a number of volunteers search day in, day out for the best privacy-friendly tools to use on the internet.
+
+— [Tweakers.net](https://tweakers.net/reviews/10568/op-zoek-naar-privacyvriendelijke-tools-niek-de-wilde-van-privacy-guides.html) [Translated from Dutch]
+
+Also featured on: [Ars Technica](https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2022/02/is-firefox-ok/), [Wirecutter](https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/practical-guide-to-securing-windows-pc/) [[2](https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/practical-guide-to-securing-your-mac/)], and [Wired](https://www.wired.com/story/firefox-mozilla-2022/).
+
+## History
+
+Privacy Guides was launched in September 2021 as a continuation of the [defunct](privacytools.md) "PrivacyTools" open-source educational project. We recognized the importance of independent, criteria-focused product recommendations and general knowledge in the privacy space, which is why we needed to preserve the work that had been created by so many contributors since 2015 and make sure that information had a stable home on the web indefinitely.
+
+In 2022, we completed the transition of our main website framework from Jekyll to MkDocs, using the `mkdocs-material` documentation software. This change made open-source contributions to our site significantly easier for outsiders, because instead of needing to know complicated syntax to write posts effectively, contributing is now as easy as writing a standard Markdown document.
+
+We additionally launched our new discussion forum at [discuss.privacyguides.net](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/) as a community platform to share ideas and ask questions about our mission. This augments our existing community on Matrix, and replaced our previous GitHub Discussions platform, decreasing our reliance on proprietary discussion platforms.
+
+So far in 2023 we've launched international translations of our website in [French](/fr/), [Hebrew](/he/), and [Dutch](/nl/), with more languages on the way, made possible by our excellent translation team on [Crowdin](https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides). We plan to continue carrying forward our mission of outreach and education, and finding ways to more clearly highlight the dangers of a lack of privacy awareness in the modern digital age, and the prevalence and harms of security breaches across the technology industry.
+
+## Our Team
+
+??? person "@jonah"
+
+    - [:simple-discourse: Discourse](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u/jonah)
+    - [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/jonaharagon "@jonaharagon")
+    - [:simple-mastodon: Mastodon](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@jonah "@jonah@neat.computer"){rel=me}
+    - [:fontawesome-solid-house: Homepage](https://www.jonaharagon.com)
+
+??? person "@niek-de-wilde"
+
+    - [:simple-discourse: Discourse](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u/Niek-de-Wilde)
+    - [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/blacklight447 "@blacklight447")
+    - [:simple-mastodon: Mastodon](https://mastodon.social/@blacklight447 "@blacklight447@mastodon.social"){rel=me}
+
+??? person "@dngray"
+
+    - [:simple-discourse: Discourse](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u/dngray)
+    - [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/dngray "@dngray")
+    - [:simple-mastodon: Mastodon](https://mastodon.social/@dngray "@dngray@mastodon.social"){rel=me}
+    - [:fontawesome-solid-envelope: Email](mailto:dngray@privacyguides.org)
+
+??? person "@freddy"
+
+    - [:simple-discourse: Discourse](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u/freddy)
+    - [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/freddy-m "@freddy-m")
+    - [:simple-mastodon: Mastodon](https://social.lol/@freddy "@freddy@social.lol"){rel=me}
+    - [:fontawesome-solid-envelope: Email](mailto:freddy@privacyguides.org)
+    - [:fontawesome-solid-house: Homepage](https://freddy.omg.lol)
+
+??? person "@mfwmyfacewhen"
+
+    - [:simple-discourse: Discourse](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u/mfwmyfacewhen)
+    - [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/mfwmyfacewhen "@mfwmyfacewhen")
+    - [:fontawesome-solid-house: Homepage](https://mfw.omg.lol)
+
+??? person "@olivia"
+
+    - [:simple-discourse: Discourse](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u/olivia)
+    - [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/hook9 "@hook9")
+    - [:simple-mastodon: Mastodon](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@oliviablob "@oliviablob@neat.computer"){rel=me}
+
+Additionally, [many people](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/graphs/contributors) have made contributions to the project. You can too, we're open sourced on GitHub, and accepting translation suggestions on [Crowdin](https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides).
+
+Our team members review all changes made to the website and handle administrative duties such as web hosting and financials, however they do not personally profit from any contributions made to this site. Our financials are transparently hosted by the Open Collective Foundation 501(c)(3) at [opencollective.com/privacyguides](https://opencollective.com/privacyguides). Donations to Privacy Guides are generally tax-deductible in the United States.
+
+## Site License
+
+*The following is a human-readable summary of (and not a substitute for) the [license](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/blob/main/LICENSE):*
+
+:fontawesome-brands-creative-commons: :fontawesome-brands-creative-commons-by: :fontawesome-brands-creative-commons-nd: Unless otherwise noted, the original content on this website is made available under the [Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/blob/main/LICENSE). This means that you are free to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially; as long as you give appropriate credit to `Privacy Guides (www.privacyguides.org)` and provide a link to the license. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests Privacy Guides endorses you or your use. If you remix, transform, or build upon the content of this website, you may not distribute the modified material.
+
+This license is in place to prevent people from sharing our work without giving proper credit, and to prevent people from modifying our work in a way that could be used to mislead people. If you find the terms of this license too restrictive for the project you're working on, please reach out to us at `jonah@privacyguides.org`. We are happy to provide alternative licensing options for well-intentioned projects in the privacy space!
--- a/docs/about/notices.en.md
+++ b/docs/about/notices.en.md
--- a/docs/about/privacy-policy.en.md
+++ b/docs/about/privacy-policy.en.md
--- a/docs/about/privacytools.en.md
+++ b/docs/about/privacytools.en.md
--- a/docs/about/services.en.md
+++ b/docs/about/services.en.md
--- a/docs/about/statistics.en.md
+++ b/docs/about/statistics.en.md
--- a/docs/advanced/communication-network-types.en.md
+++ b/docs/advanced/communication-network-types.en.md
--- a/docs/advanced/dns-overview.en.md
+++ b/docs/advanced/dns-overview.en.md
--- a/docs/advanced/tor-overview.en.md
+++ b/docs/advanced/tor-overview.en.md
--- a/docs/android.en.md
+++ b/docs/android.en.md
@ -312,13 +312,13 @@ If you download APK files to install manually, you can verify their signature wi

 Due to their process of building apps, apps in the official F-Droid repository often fall behind on updates. F-Droid maintainers also reuse package IDs while signing apps with their own keys, which is not ideal as it gives the F-Droid team ultimate trust.

-Other popular third-party repositories such as [IzzyOnDroid](https://apt.izzysoft.de/fdroid/) alleviate some of these concerns. The IzzyOnDroid repository pulls builds directly from GitHub and is the next best thing to the developers' own repositories. However, it is not something that we can recommend, as apps are typically [removed](https://github.com/vfsfitvnm/ViMusic/issues/240#issuecomment-1225564446) from that respository when they make it to the main F-droid repository. While that makes sense (since the goal of that particular repository is to host apps before they're accepted into the main F-Droid repository), it can leave you with installed apps which no longer receive updates.
+Other popular third-party repositories such as [IzzyOnDroid](https://apt.izzysoft.de/fdroid/) alleviate some of these concerns. The IzzyOnDroid repository pulls builds directly from GitHub and is the next best thing to the developers' own repositories. However, it is not something that we can recommend, as apps are typically [removed](https://github.com/vfsfitvnm/ViMusic/issues/240#issuecomment-1225564446) from that respository when they make it to the main F-Droid repository. While that makes sense (since the goal of that particular repository is to host apps before they're accepted into the main F-Droid repository), it can leave you with installed apps which no longer receive updates.

-That said, the [F-droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/) and [IzzyOnDroid](https://apt.izzysoft.de/fdroid/) repositories are home to countless apps, so they can be a useful tool to search for and discover open-source apps that you can then download through Play Store, Aurora Store, or by getting the APK directly from the developer. It is important to keep in mind that some apps in these repositories have not been updated in years and may rely on unsupported libraries, among other things, posing a potential security risk. You should use your best judgement when looking for new apps via this method.
+That said, the [F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/) and [IzzyOnDroid](https://apt.izzysoft.de/fdroid/) repositories are home to countless apps, so they can be a useful tool to search for and discover open-source apps that you can then download through Play Store, Aurora Store, or by getting the APK directly from the developer. It is important to keep in mind that some apps in these repositories have not been updated in years and may rely on unsupported libraries, among other things, posing a potential security risk. You should use your best judgement when looking for new apps via this method.

 !!! note

-    In some rare cases, the developer of an app will only distribute it through F-droid ([Gadgetbridge](https://gadgetbridge.org/) is one example of this). If you really need an app like that, we recommend using [Neo Store](https://github.com/NeoApplications/Neo-Store/) instead of the official F-droid app to obtain it.
+    In some rare cases, the developer of an app will only distribute it through F-Droid ([Gadgetbridge](https://gadgetbridge.org/) is one example of this). If you really need an app like that, we recommend using [Neo Store](https://github.com/NeoApplications/Neo-Store/) instead of the official F-Droid app to obtain it.

 ## Criteria

--- a/docs/assets/img/account-deletion/exposed_passwords.en.png
+++ b/docs/assets/img/account-deletion/exposed_passwords.en.png
--- a/docs/assets/img/android/rss-apk-dark.en.png
+++ b/docs/assets/img/android/rss-apk-dark.en.png
--- a/docs/assets/img/android/rss-apk-light.en.png
+++ b/docs/assets/img/android/rss-apk-light.en.png
--- a/docs/assets/img/android/rss-changes-dark.en.png
+++ b/docs/assets/img/android/rss-changes-dark.en.png
--- a/docs/assets/img/android/rss-changes-light.en.png
+++ b/docs/assets/img/android/rss-changes-light.en.png
--- a/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-encryption-dark.en.svg
+++ b/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-encryption-dark.en.svg
--- a/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-encryption.en.svg
+++ b/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-encryption.en.svg
--- a/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-dark.fr.svg
+++ b/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-dark.fr.svg
--- a/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-dark.he.svg
+++ b/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-dark.he.svg
--- a/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-dark.nl.svg
+++ b/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-dark.nl.svg
--- a/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-dark.en.svg
+++ b/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path-dark.en.svg
--- a/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path.fr.svg
+++ b/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path.fr.svg
--- a/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path.he.svg
+++ b/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path.he.svg
--- a/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path.nl.svg
+++ b/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path.nl.svg
--- a/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path.en.svg
+++ b/docs/assets/img/how-tor-works/tor-path.en.svg
--- a/docs/assets/img/multi-factor-authentication/fido.en.png
+++ b/docs/assets/img/multi-factor-authentication/fido.en.png
--- a/docs/assets/img/multi-factor-authentication/yubico-otp.en.png
+++ b/docs/assets/img/multi-factor-authentication/yubico-otp.en.png
--- a/docs/assets/img/qubes/qubes-trust-level-architecture.en.png
+++ b/docs/assets/img/qubes/qubes-trust-level-architecture.en.png
--- a/docs/assets/img/qubes/qubes-trust-level-architecture.fr.png
+++ b/docs/assets/img/qubes/qubes-trust-level-architecture.fr.png
--- a/docs/basics/account-creation.en.md
+++ b/docs/basics/account-creation.en.md
--- a/docs/basics/account-deletion.en.md
+++ b/docs/basics/account-deletion.en.md
--- a/docs/basics/common-misconceptions.en.md
+++ b/docs/basics/common-misconceptions.en.md
--- a/docs/basics/common-threats.en.md
+++ b/docs/basics/common-threats.en.md
@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ Mass surveillance is the intricate effort to monitor the "behavior, many activit
 !!! abstract "Atlas of Surveillance"

    If you want to learn more about surveillance methods and how they're implemented in your city you can also take a look at the [Atlas of Surveillance](https://atlasofsurveillance.org/) by the [Electronic Frontier Foundation](https://www.eff.org/).
-    In France you can take a loot at the [Technolopolice website](https://technopolice.fr/villes/) maintained by the non-profit association La Quadrature du Net.

    In France you can take a look at the [Technolopolice website](https://technopolice.fr/villes/) maintained by the non-profit association La Quadrature du Net.

--- a/docs/basics/email-security.en.md
+++ b/docs/basics/email-security.en.md
--- a/docs/basics/multi-factor-authentication.en.md
+++ b/docs/basics/multi-factor-authentication.en.md
--- a/docs/basics/passwords-overview.en.md
+++ b/docs/basics/passwords-overview.en.md
--- a/docs/basics/threat-modeling.en.md
+++ b/docs/basics/threat-modeling.en.md
--- a/docs/basics/vpn-overview.en.md
+++ b/docs/basics/vpn-overview.en.md
--- a/docs/calendar.en.md
+++ b/docs/calendar.en.md
--- a/docs/cloud.en.md
+++ b/docs/cloud.en.md
--- a/docs/data-redaction.en.md
+++ b/docs/data-redaction.en.md
--- a/docs/desktop-browsers.en.md
+++ b/docs/desktop-browsers.en.md
--- a/docs/desktop.en.md
+++ b/docs/desktop.en.md
--- a/docs/dns.en.md
+++ b/docs/dns.en.md
--- a/docs/email-clients.en.md
+++ b/docs/email-clients.en.md
--- a/docs/email.en.md
+++ b/docs/email.en.md
--- a/docs/encryption.en.md
+++ b/docs/encryption.en.md
--- a/docs/file-sharing.en.md
+++ b/docs/file-sharing.en.md
--- a/docs/frontends.en.md
+++ b/docs/frontends.en.md
--- a/docs/index.hu.md
+++ b/docs/index.hu.md
@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
---
-template: overrides/home.en.html
-hide:
-  - navigation
-  - toc
-  - feedback
---
-
-<!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line -->
-<div style="max-width:50rem;margin:auto;" markdown>
-<div style="max-width:38rem;" markdown>
-## Miért érdekeljen?
-
-##### “Nincs semmi rejtegetnivalóm. Miért kellene törődnöm a magánéletemmel?”
-
-A kultúrák közötti házassághoz, a női választójoghoz, a szólásszabadsághoz és sok minden máshoz hasonlóan a magánélethez való jog sem volt mindig biztosított. Számos diktatúrában még mindig nem. Generációink előtt nemzedékek harcoltak a mi magánélethez való jogunkért. ==A magánélet mindannyiunk emberi joga==, amelyhez (megkülönböztetés nélkül) jogunk van.
-
-Nem szabad összekeverni a magánéletet a titoktartással. Tudjuk, hogy mi történik a fürdőszobában, de az ajtó mégis csukva marad. Ez azért van, mert magánéletet akarsz, nem titkolózást. **Mindenkinek** van valami, amit meg akar védeni. A magánélet olyasmi, ami emberré tesz minket.
-
-[:material-target-account: Gyakori Internetes Veszélyek](basics/common-threats.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-</div>
-
-<div style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:0;text-align:right;max-width:38rem;" markdown>
-## Mihez kezdjek?
-
-##### Először is, tervet kell készítened
-
-Megpróbálni megvédeni az összes adatodat mindenkitő, mindig nem praktikus, költséges és fárasztó. De ne aggódj! Az adatbiztonság egy folyamat, és ha előre gondolkodsz, akkor összeállíthatsz egy neked megfelelő tervet. A biztonság nem csak a használt eszközökről vagy a letöltött szoftverekről szól. Inkább annak megértésével kezdődik, hogy milyen egyedi fenyegetésekkel kell szembenézned, és hogyan tudsz ellenük védekezni.
-
-==A fenyegetések azonosításának és az ellenintézkedések meghatározásának ezt a folyamatát **védelmi modellezésnek**== nevezik, és ez képezi minden jó adatbiztonsági és adatvédelmi terv alapját.
-
-[:material-book-outline: További Információk a Védelmi Modellezésről](basics/threat-modeling.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<div style="padding:3em;max-width:960px;margin:auto;text-align:center;" markdown>
-## Szükségünk van rád! Így veheted ki a részed:
-
-Fontos, hogy egy olyan weboldal, mint a Privacy Guides, mindig naprakész maradjon. Szükségünk van arra, hogy a közönségünk figyelemmel kísérje az oldalunkon felsorolt alkalmazások szoftverfrissítéseit, és kövesse az általunk ajánlott szolgáltatókkal kapcsolatos legújabb híreket. Nehéz lépést tartani az internet gyors tempójával, de megteszünk minden tőlünk telhetőt. Ha hibát észlelsz, úgy gondolod, hogy egy szolgáltatónak nem kellene szerepelnie a listán, észreveszed, hogy egy alkalmas szolgáltató hiányzik, úgy véled, hogy egy böngésző plugin már nem a legjobb választás, vagy ha bármilyen más problémát észlelsz, kérjük, jelezd nekünk.
-
-<div class="grid cards" style="margin:auto;max-width:800px;text-align:center;" markdown>
-
- [:simple-discourse: Csatlakozz a fórumhoz](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/)
- [:simple-mastodon: Kövessen minket Mastodonon](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides){ rel=me }
- [:material-book-edit: Járulj hozzá a weboldalhoz](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
- [:simple-matrix: Csevegj velünk Matrixon](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org)
- [:material-information-outline: Tudj meg többet rólunk](about/index.md)
- [:material-hand-coin-outline: Támogasd a projektet](about/donate.md)
-
-</div>
-</div>
--- a/docs/index.it.md
+++ b/docs/index.it.md
@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
---
-template: overrides/home.en.html
-hide:
-  - navigation
-  - toc
-  - feedback
---
-
-<!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line -->
-<div style="max-width:50rem;margin:auto;" markdown>
-<div style="max-width:38rem;" markdown>
-## Perché dovrebbe importarmi?
-
-##### “Non ho nulla da nascondere. Perché dovrei preoccuparmi della mia privacy?".
-
-Proprio come il diritto al matrimonio interrazziale, il suffragio femminile, la libertà di parola e molti altri, non abbiamo sempre avuto il diritto alla privacy. In diverse dittature, molti ancora non lo hanno. Le generazioni prima della nostra hanno combattuto per il nostro diritto alla privacy. ==La privacy è un diritto umano inerente a tutti noi== che ci spetta senza discriminazione.
-
-Non bisogna confondere la privacy con la segretezza. Sappiamo cosa succede in bagno, ma chiudi lo stesso la porta. Questo perché vuoi la privacy, non la segretezza. **Tutti** hanno qualcosa da proteggere. La privacy è qualcosa che ci rende umani.
-
-[:material-target-account: Minacce di internet comuni](basics/common-threats.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-</div>
-
-<div style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:0;text-align:right;max-width:38rem;" markdown>
-## Cosa dovrei fare?
-
-##### Per prima cosa, devi avere un piano.
-
-Cercare di proteggere tutti i dati da tutti, in ogni momento, è poco pratico, costoso ed estenuante. Ma non preoccuparti! La sicurezza è un processo e, pensando in anticipo, potete mettere a punto un piano adatto a voi. La sicurezza non riguarda solo gli strumenti utilizzati o il software scaricato. Piuttosto, inizia con la comprensione delle minacce personali che dovi affrontare e di come puoi mitigarle.
-
-== Questo processo di identificazione delle minacce e di definizione delle contromisure si chiama **modellazione delle minacce**== e costituisce la base di ogni buon piano di sicurezza e privacy.
-
-[:material-book-outline: Per saperne di più sulla modellazione delle minacce](basics/threat-modeling.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<div style="padding:3em;max-width:960px;margin:auto;text-align:center;" markdown>
-## Abbiamo bisogno di te! Ecco come contribuire:
-
-È importante che un sito web come Privacy Guides sia sempre aggiornato. Abbiamo bisogno che il nostro pubblico tenga d'occhio gli aggiornamenti software per le applicazioni elencate sul nostro sito e segua le notizie recenti sui fornitori che raccomandiamo. È difficile tenere il passo con il ritmo veloce di Internet, ma facciamo del nostro meglio. Se noti un errore, pensi che un provider non dovrebbe essere elencato, noti la mancanza di un provider qualificato, ritieni che un plugin del browser non sia più la scelta migliore o scopri qualsiasi altro problema, faccelo sapere.
-
-<div class="grid cards" style="margin:auto;max-width:800px;text-align:center;" markdown>
-
- [:simple-discourse: Iscriviti al nostro forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.org/)
- [:simple-mastodon: Seguici su Mastodon](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides){ rel=me }
- [:material-book-edit: Contribuisci a questo sito](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
- [:simple-matrix: Scrivici su Matrix](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org)
- [:material-information-outline: Scopri di più su di noi](about/index.md)
- [:material-hand-coin-outline: Supporta il progetto](about/donate.md)
-
-</div>
-</div>
--- a/docs/index.en.md
+++ b/docs/index.en.md
@ -6,8 +6,6 @@ hide:
  - feedback
 ---
 <!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line -->
-<div style="max-width:50rem;margin:auto;" markdown>
-<div style="max-width:38rem;" markdown>
 ## Why should I care?

 ##### “I have nothing to hide. Why should I care about my privacy?”
@ -17,9 +15,7 @@ Much like the right to interracial marriage, woman's suffrage, freedom of speech
 You shouldn't confuse privacy with secrecy. We know what happens in the bathroom, but you still close the door. That's because you want privacy, not secrecy. **Everyone** has something to protect. Privacy is something that makes us human.

 [:material-target-account: Common Internet Threats](basics/common-threats.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-</div>

-<div style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:0;text-align:right;max-width:38rem;" markdown>
 ## What should I do?

 ##### First, you need to make a plan
@ -29,22 +25,17 @@ Trying to protect all your data from everyone all the time is impractical, expen
 ==This process of identifying threats and defining countermeasures is called **threat modeling**==, and it forms the basis of every good security and privacy plan.

 [:material-book-outline: Learn More About Threat Modeling](basics/threat-modeling.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-</div>
-</div>

-<div style="padding:3em;max-width:960px;margin:auto;text-align:center;" markdown>
+---
+
 ## We need you! Here's how to get involved:

+[:simple-discourse:](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/){ title="Join our Forum" }
+[:simple-mastodon:](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides){ rel=me title="Follow us on Mastodon" }
+[:material-book-edit:](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org){ title="Contribute to this website" }
+[:material-translate:](https://matrix.to/#/#pg-i18n:aragon.sh){ title="Help translate this website" }
+[:simple-matrix:](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org){ title="Chat with us on Matrix" }
+[:material-information-outline:](about/index.md){ title="Learn more about us" }
+[:material-hand-coin-outline:](about/donate.md){ title="Support the project" }
+
 It's important for a website like Privacy Guides to always stay up-to-date. We need our audience to keep an eye on software updates for the applications listed on our site and follow recent news about providers that we recommend. It's hard to keep up with the fast pace of the internet, but we try our best. If you spot an error, think a provider should not be listed, notice a qualified provider is missing, believe a browser plugin is no longer the best choice, or uncover any other issue, please let us know.
-
-<div class="grid cards" style="margin:auto;max-width:800px;text-align:center;" markdown>
-
- [:simple-discourse: Join our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/)
- [:simple-mastodon: Follow us on Mastodon](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides){ rel=me }
- [:material-book-edit: Contribute to this website](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
- [:simple-matrix: Chat with us on Matrix](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org)
- [:material-information-outline: Learn more about us](about/index.md)
- [:material-hand-coin-outline: Support the project](about/donate.md)
-
-</div>
-</div>
--- a/docs/index.nl.md
+++ b/docs/index.nl.md
@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
---
-template: overrides/home.nl.html
-hide:
-  - navigation
-  - toc
-  - feedback
---
-
-<!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line -->
-<div style="max-width:50rem;margin:auto;" markdown>
-<div style="max-width:38rem;" markdown>
-## Waarom zou ik me daar zorgen over maken?
-
-##### "Ik heb niets te verbergen. Waarom zou ik me zorgen maken over mijn privacy?"
-
-Net zoals het recht op interraciale huwelijken, het kiesrecht voor vrouwen, de vrijheid van meningsuiting en vele andere, hadden wij niet altijd recht op privacy. In verschillende dictaturen hebben velen dat nog steeds niet. Generaties voor ons vochten voor ons recht op privacy. ==Privacy is een mensenrecht dat inherent is aan ons allen== waar we zonder onderscheid recht op hebben.
-
-Je moet privacy niet verwarren met geheimzinnigheid. We weten wat er in de badkamer gebeurt, maar je doet nog steeds de deur dicht. Dat is omdat je privacy wilt, geen geheimzinnigheid. **Iedereen** heeft iets te beschermen. Privacy is iets dat je menselijk maakt.
-
-[:material-target-account: Common Internet Threats](basics/common-threats.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-</div>
-
-<div style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:0;text-align:right;max-width:38rem;" markdown>
-## Wat moet ik doen?
-
-##### Eerst moet je een plan maken
-
-Het is onpraktisch, duur en vermoeiend om te proberen al jouw gegevens altijd tegen iedereen te beschermen. Maar maak je geen zorgen! Veiligheid is een proces, en door vooruit te denken kunt je een plan samenstellen dat voor je geschikt is. Veiligheid gaat niet alleen over de tools die je gebruikt of de software die je downloadt. Integendeel, het begint met het begrijpen van de unieke bedreigingen waarmee je wordt geconfronteerd en hoe je deze kunt verminderen.
-
-==Dit proces van het identificeren van bedreigingen en het vaststellen van tegenmaatregelen wordt **bedreigingsmodellering**== genoemd, en het vormt de basis van elk goed beveiligings- en privacyplan.
-
-[:material-book-outline: Meer informatie over dreigingsmodellering](basics/threat-modeling.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<div style="padding:3em;max-width:960px;margin:auto;text-align:center;" markdown>
-## We hebben je nodig! Zo kunt u meedoen
-
-Het is belangrijk voor een website als Privacy Guides om altijd up-to-date te blijven. Ons publiek moet software-updates in de gaten houden voor de toepassingen die op onze site staan en recent nieuws volgen over aanbieders die wij aanbevelen. Het is moeilijk om het hoge tempo van het internet bij te houden, maar we doen ons best. Als je een fout ziet, denkt dat een provider niet in de lijst thuishoort, merkt dat een gekwalificeerde provider ontbreekt, denkt dat een browserplugin niet langer de beste keuze is, of een ander probleem ontdekt, laat het ons dan weten.
-
-<div class="grid cards" style="margin:auto;max-width:800px;text-align:center;" markdown>
-
- [:simple-discourse: Word lid van ons forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/)
- [:simple-mastodon: Volg ons op Mastodon](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides){ rel=me }
- [:material-book-edit: Draag bij aan deze website](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
- [:simple-matrix: Chat met ons op Matrix](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org)
- [:material-information-outline: Leer meer over ons](about/index.md)
- [:material-hand-coin-outline: Steun het project](about/donate.md)
-
-</div>
-</div>
--- a/docs/index.zh.md
+++ b/docs/index.zh.md
@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
---
-template: overrides/home.en.html
-hide:
-  - navigation
-  - toc
-  - feedback
---
-
-<!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line -->
-<div style="max-width:50rem;margin:auto;" markdown>
-<div style="max-width:38rem;" markdown>
-## 我为什么要关心？
-
-##### “我没有什么好藏的。 我为什么要关心自己的隐私？ ”
-
-就像异族通婚的权利，女性的投票权，言论自由等等，我们的隐私权并不总是得到保护。 在几个独裁国家中，近乎完全不存在隐私。 我们之前的几代人为我们的隐私权而斗争。 ==隐私权是一项人权，是我们所有人固有的权利， == 我们应当不受歧视地享有。
-
-您不应将隐私与保密混为一谈。 我们知道浴室里发生了什么，但你还是关上了门。 那是因为你想要隐私，而不是保密。 **每个人**都有需要保护的东西。 隐私是我们之所以为人的原因。
-
-[:material-target-account: 常见互联网威胁](basics/common-treats.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-</div>
-
-<div style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:0;text-align:right;max-width:38rem;" markdown>
-我应该怎么办？
-
-##### 首先，你需要指定一个计划
-
-想一直保护你所有的数据不被任何人发现很不切实际，并且花费高昂且令人疲惫。 但是别担心！ 安全是一个过程，并且通过向前思考，你可以制定出一个适合你的计划。 安全并不仅仅是指你使用的工具或你下载的软件。 相反，它始于了解你所面临的独特的威胁，以及解决它们的办法。
-
-==这种了解威胁和给出对策的过程称作**威胁模型分析**==，而它又构成了所有良好的安全和隐私计划的基础
-
-[:material-book-outline: 了解有关威胁模型分析的更多信息](basics/threat-modeling.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<div style="padding:3em;max-width:960px;margin:auto;text-align:center;" markdown>
-## 我们需要你！ 以下是如何参与的方法：
-
-对于像Privacy Guides这样的网站来说，始终保持更新是很重要的。 我们需要我们的用户关注我们网站上列出的应用程序的软件更新，并关注我们推荐的提供商的最新消息。 要跟上互联网的快节奏很难，但是我们会尽我们所能。 如果你发现了一处错误；或者觉得某个提供商不应被列出；或者注意到缺少了某个合格的提供商；或者认为某个浏览器插件不再是最好的选择；或者是发现了其他的问题，请告知我们。
-
-<div class="grid cards" style="margin:auto;max-width:800px;text-align:center;" markdown>
-
- [:simple-discourse: 加入我们的论坛](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/)
- [:simple-mastodon: 在Mastodon上关注我们](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides){ rel=me }
- [:material-book-edit: 对网站做贡献](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org)
- [:simple-matrix: 在Matrix上跟我们交流](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org)
- [:material-information-outline: 关于我们](about/index.md)
- [:material-hand-coin-outline: 支持该项目](about/donate.md)
-
-</div>
-</div>
--- a/docs/kb-archive.en.md
+++ b/docs/kb-archive.en.md
--- a/docs/mobile-browsers.en.md
+++ b/docs/mobile-browsers.en.md
--- a/docs/multi-factor-authentication.en.md
+++ b/docs/multi-factor-authentication.en.md
--- a/docs/news-aggregators.en.md
+++ b/docs/news-aggregators.en.md
--- a/docs/notebooks.en.md
+++ b/docs/notebooks.en.md
@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ If you are currently using an application like Evernote, Google Keep, or Microso
        - [:simple-googlechrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/joplin-web-clipper/alofnhikmmkdbbbgpnglcpdollgjjfek)

 Joplin does not support password/PIN protection for the [application itself or individual notes and notebooks](https://github.com/laurent22/joplin/issues/289). However, your data is still encrypted in transit and at the sync location using your master key.
+Since January 2023, Joplin supports biometrics app lock for [Android](https://joplinapp.org/changelog_android/#android-v2-10-3-https-github-com-laurent22-joplin-releases-tag-android-v2-10-3-pre-release-2023-01-05t11-29-06z) and [iOS](https://joplinapp.org/changelog_ios/#ios-v12-10-2-https-github-com-laurent22-joplin-releases-tag-ios-v12-10-2-2023-01-20t17-41-13z).

 ### Standard Notes

--- a/docs/os/android-overview.md
+++ b/docs/os/android-overview.md
@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+---
+title: Android Overview
+icon: simple/android
+---
+Android is a secure operating system that has strong [app sandboxing](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox), [Verified Boot](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot) (AVB), and a robust [permission](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview) control system.
+
+## Choosing an Android Distribution
+
+When you buy an Android phone, the device's default operating system often comes with invasive integration with apps and services that are not part of the [Android Open-Source Project](https://source.android.com/). An example of such is Google Play Services, which has irrevocable privileges to access your files, contacts storage, call logs, SMS messages, location, camera, microphone, hardware identifiers, and so on. These apps and services increase the attack surface of your device and are the source of various privacy concerns with Android.
+
+This problem could be solved by using a custom Android distribution that does not come with such invasive integration. Unfortunately, many custom Android distributions often violate the Android security model by not supporting critical security features such as AVB, rollback protection, firmware updates, and so on. Some distributions also ship [`userdebug`](https://source.android.com/setup/build/building#choose-a-target) builds which expose root via [ADB](https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/adb) and require [more permissive](https://github.com/LineageOS/android_system_sepolicy/search?q=userdebug&type=code) SELinux policies to accommodate debugging features, resulting in a further increased attack surface and weakened security model.
+
+Ideally, when choosing a custom Android distribution, you should make sure that it upholds the Android security model. At the very least, the distribution should have production builds, support for AVB, rollback protection, timely firmware and operating system updates, and SELinux in [enforcing mode](https://source.android.com/security/selinux/concepts#enforcement_levels). All of our recommended Android distributions satisfy these criteria.
+
+[Our Android System Recommendations :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](../android.md){ .md-button }
+
+## Avoid Rooting
+
+[Rooting](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooting_(Android)) Android phones can decrease security significantly as it weakens the complete [Android security model](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operating_system)#Security_and_privacy). This can decrease privacy should there be an exploit that is assisted by the decreased security. Common rooting methods involve directly tampering with the boot partition, making it impossible to perform successful Verified Boot. Apps that require root will also modify the system partition meaning that Verified Boot would have to remain disabled. Having root exposed directly in the user interface also increases the [attack surface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_surface) of your device and may assist in [privilege escalation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privilege_escalation) vulnerabilities and SELinux policy bypasses.
+
+Adblockers, which modify the [hosts file](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_(file)) (AdAway) and firewalls (AFWall+) which require root access persistently are dangerous and should not be used. They are also not the correct way to solve their intended purposes. For Adblocking we suggest encrypted [DNS](../dns.md) or [VPN](../vpn.md) server blocking solutions instead. RethinkDNS, TrackerControl and AdAway in non-root mode will take up the VPN slot (by using a local loopback VPN) preventing you from using privacy enhancing services such as Orbot or a real VPN server.
+
+AFWall+ works based on the [packet filtering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewall_(computing)#Packet_filter) approach and may be bypassable in some situations.
+
+We do not believe that the security sacrifices made by rooting a phone are worth the questionable privacy benefits of those apps.
+
+## Verified Boot
+
+[Verified Boot](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot) is an important part of the Android security model. It provides protection against [evil maid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evil_maid_attack) attacks, malware persistence, and ensures security updates cannot be downgraded with [rollback protection](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot/verified-boot#rollback-protection).
+
+Android 10 and above has moved away from full-disk encryption to more flexible [file-based encryption](https://source.android.com/security/encryption/file-based). Your data is encrypted using unique encryption keys, and the operating system files are left unencrypted.
+
+Verified Boot ensures the integrity of the operating system files, thereby preventing an adversary with physical access from tampering or installing malware on the device. In the unlikely case that malware is able to exploit other parts of the system and gain higher privileged access, Verified Boot will prevent and revert changes to the system partition upon rebooting the device.
+
+Unfortunately, OEMs are only obliged to support Verified Boot on their stock Android distribution. Only a few OEMs such as Google support custom AVB key enrollment on their devices. Additionally, some AOSP derivatives such as LineageOS or /e/ OS do not support Verified Boot even on hardware with Verified Boot support for third-party operating systems. We recommend that you check for support **before** purchasing a new device. AOSP derivatives which do not support Verified Boot are **not** recommended.
+
+Many OEMs also have broken implementation of Verified Boot that you have to be aware of beyond their marketing. For example, the Fairphone 3 and 4 are not secure by default, as the [stock bootloader trusts the public AVB signing key](https://forum.fairphone.com/t/bootloader-avb-keys-used-in-roms-for-fairphone-3-4/83448/11). This breaks verified boot on a stock Fairphone device, as the system will boot alternative Android operating systems such (such as /e/) [without any warning](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot/boot-flow#locked-devices-with-custom-root-of-trust) about custom operating system usage.
+
+## Firmware Updates
+
+Firmware updates are critical for maintaining security and without them your device cannot be secure. OEMs have support agreements with their partners to provide the closed-source components for a limited support period. These are detailed in the monthly [Android Security Bulletins](https://source.android.com/security/bulletin).
+
+As the components of the phone, such as the processor and radio technologies rely on closed-source components, the updates must be provided by the respective manufacturers. Therefore, it is important that you purchase a device within an active support cycle. [Qualcomm](https://www.qualcomm.com/news/releases/2020/12/16/qualcomm-and-google-announce-collaboration-extend-android-os-support-and) and [Samsung](https://news.samsung.com/us/samsung-galaxy-security-extending-updates-knox/) support their devices for 4 years, while cheaper products often have shorter support cycles. With the introduction of the [Pixel 6](https://support.google.com/pixelphone/answer/4457705), Google now makes their own SoC and they will provide a minimum of 5 years of support.
+
+EOL devices which are no longer supported by the SoC manufacturer cannot receive firmware updates from OEM vendors or after market Android distributors. This means that security issues with those devices will remain unfixed.
+
+Fairphone, for example, markets their devices as receiving 6 years of support. However, the SoC (Qualcomm Snapdragon 750G on the Fairphone 4) has a considerably shorter EOL date. This means that firmware security updates from Qualcomm for the Fairphone 4 will end in September 2023, regardless of whether Fairphone continues to release software security updates.
+
+## Android Versions
+
+It's important to not use an [end-of-life](https://endoflife.date/android) version of Android. Newer versions of Android not only receive security updates for the operating system but also important privacy enhancing updates too. For example, [prior to Android 10](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/10/privacy/changes), any apps with the [`READ_PHONE_STATE`](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/Manifest.permission#READ_PHONE_STATE) permission could access sensitive and unique serial numbers of your phone such as [IMEI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Mobile_Equipment_Identity), [MEID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_equipment_identifier), your SIM card's [IMSI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_mobile_subscriber_identity), whereas now they must be system apps to do so. System apps are only provided by the OEM or Android distribution.
+
+## Android Permissions
+
+[Permissions on Android](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview) grant you control over what apps are allowed to access. Google regularly makes [improvements](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions) on the permission system in each successive version. All apps you install are strictly [sandboxed](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox), therefore, there is no need to install any antivirus apps.
+
+A smartphone with the latest version of Android will always be more secure than an old smartphone with an antivirus that you have paid for. It's better not to pay for antivirus software and to save money to buy a new smartphone such as a Google Pixel.
+
+Android 10:
+
+- [Scoped Storage](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/10/privacy/changes#scoped-storage) gives you more control over your files and can limit what can [access external storage](https://developer.android.com/training/data-storage#permissions). Apps can have a specific directory in external storage as well as the ability to store specific types of media there.
+- Tighter access on [device location](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/10/privacy/changes#app-access-device-location) by introducing the `ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION` permission. This prevents apps from accessing the location when running in the background without express permission from the user.
+
+Android 11:
+
+- [One-time permissions](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions#one-time) which allows you to grant a permission to an app just once.
+- [Auto-reset permissions](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions#auto-reset), which resets [runtime permissions](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview#runtime) that were granted when the app was opened.
+- Granular permissions for accessing [phone number](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions#phone-numbers) related features.
+
+Android 12:
+
+- A permission to grant only the [approximate location](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12#approximate-location).
+- Auto-reset of [hibernated apps](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12#app-hibernation).
+- [Data access auditing](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12#data-access-auditing) which makes it easier to determine what part of an app is performing a specific type of data access.
+
+Android 13:
+
+- A permission for [nearby wifi access](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/behavior-changes-13#nearby-wifi-devices-permission). The MAC addresses of nearby WiFi access points was a popular way for apps to track a user's location.
+- More [granular media permissions](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/behavior-changes-13#granular-media-permissions), meaning you can grant access to images, videos or audio files only.
+- Background use of sensors now requires the [`BODY_SENSORS`](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/behavior-changes-13#body-sensors-background-permission) permission.
+
+An app may request a permission for a specific feature it has. For example, any app that can scan QR codes will require the camera permission. Some apps can request more permissions than they need.
+
+[Exodus](https://exodus-privacy.eu.org/) can be useful when comparing apps that have similar purposes. If an app requires a lot of permissions and has a lot of advertising and analytics this is probably a bad sign. We recommend looking at the individual trackers and reading their descriptions rather than simply **counting the total** and assuming all items listed are equal.
+
+!!! warning
+
+    If an app is mostly a web-based service, the tracking may occur on the server side. [Facebook](https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en/reports/com.facebook.katana/latest/) shows "no trackers" but certainly does track users' interests and behavior across the site. Apps may evade detection by not using standard code libraries produced by the advertising industry, though this is unlikely.
+
+!!! note
+
+    Privacy-friendly apps such as [Bitwarden](https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en/reports/com.x8bit.bitwarden/latest/) may show some trackers such as [Google Firebase Analytics](https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en/trackers/49/). This library includes [Firebase Cloud Messaging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging) which can provide [push notifications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push_technology) in apps. This [is the case](https://fosstodon.org/@bitwarden/109636825700482007) with Bitwarden. That doesn't mean that Bitwarden is using all of the analytics features that are provided by Google Firebase Analytics.
+
+## Media Access
+
+Quite a few applications allows you to "share" a file with them for media upload. If you want to, for example, tweet a picture to Twitter, do not grant Twitter access to your "media and photos", because it will have access to all of your pictures then. Instead, go to your file manager (documentsUI), hold onto the picture, then share it with Twitter.
+
+## User Profiles
+
+Multiple user profiles can be found in **Settings** → **System** → **Multiple users** and are the simplest way to isolate in Android.
+
+With user profiles, you can impose restrictions on a specific profile, such as: making calls, using SMS, or installing apps on the device. Each profile is encrypted using its own encryption key and cannot access the data of any other profiles. Even the device owner cannot view the data of other profiles without knowing their password. Multiple user profiles are a more secure method of isolation.
+
+## Work Profile
+
+[Work Profiles](https://support.google.com/work/android/answer/6191949) are another way to isolate individual apps and may be more convenient than separate user profiles.
+
+A **device controller** app such as [Shelter](#recommended-apps) is required to create a Work Profile without an enterprise MDM, unless you're using a custom Android OS which includes one.
+
+The work profile is dependent on a device controller to function. Features such as *File Shuttle* and *contact search blocking* or any kind of isolation features must be implemented by the controller. You must also fully trust the device controller app, as it has full access to your data inside of the work profile.
+
+This method is generally less secure than a secondary user profile; however, it does allow you the convenience of running apps in both the work and personal profiles simultaneously.
+
+## VPN Killswitch
+
+Android 7 and above supports a VPN killswitch and it is available without the need to install third-party apps. This feature can prevent leaks if the VPN is disconnected. It can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Network & internet** → **VPN** → :gear: → **Block connections without VPN**.
+
+## Global Toggles
+
+Modern Android devices have global toggles for disabling Bluetooth and location services. Android 12 introduced toggles for the camera and microphone. When not in use, we recommend disabling these features. Apps cannot use disabled features (even if granted individual permission) until re-enabled.
+
+## Google
+
+If you are using a device with Google services, either your stock operating system or an operating system that safely sandboxes Google Play Services like GrapheneOS, there are a number of additional changes you can make to improve your privacy. We still recommend avoiding Google services entirely, or limiting Google Play services to a specific user/work profile by combining a device controller like *Shelter* with GrapheneOS's Sandboxed Google Play.
+
+### Advanced Protection Program
+
+If you have a Google account we suggest enrolling in the [Advanced Protection Program](https://landing.google.com/advancedprotection/). It is available at no cost to anyone with two or more hardware security keys with [FIDO](../basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) support.
+
+The Advanced Protection Program provides enhanced threat monitoring and enables:
+
+- Stricter two factor authentication; e.g. that [FIDO](../basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) **must** be used and disallows the use of [SMS OTPs](../basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#sms-or-email-mfa), [TOTP](../basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#time-based-one-time-password-totp) and [OAuth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OAuth)
+- Only Google and verified third-party apps can access account data
+- Scanning of incoming emails on Gmail accounts for [phishing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing#Email_phishing) attempts
+- Stricter [safe browser scanning](https://www.google.com/chrome/privacy/whitepaper.html#malware) with Google Chrome
+- Stricter recovery process for accounts with lost credentials
+
+ If you use non-sandboxed Google Play Services (common on stock operating systems), the Advanced Protection Program also comes with [additional benefits](https://support.google.com/accounts/answer/9764949?hl=en) such as:
+
+- Not allowing app installation outside of the Google Play Store, the OS vendor's app store, or via [`adb`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Debug_Bridge)
+- Mandatory automatic device scanning with [Play Protect](https://support.google.com/googleplay/answer/2812853?hl=en#zippy=%2Chow-malware-protection-works%2Chow-privacy-alerts-work)
+- Warning you about unverified applications
+
+### Google Play System Updates
+
+In the past, Android security updates had to be shipped by the operating system vendor. Android has become more modular beginning with Android 10, and Google can push security updates for **some** system components via the privileged Play Services.
+
+If you have an EOL device shipped with Android 10 or above and are unable to run any of our recommended operating systems on your device, you are likely going to be better off sticking with your OEM Android installation (as opposed to an operating system not listed here such as LineageOS or /e/ OS). This will allow you to receive **some** security fixes from Google, while not violating the Android security model by using an insecure Android derivative and increasing your attack surface. We would still recommend upgrading to a supported device as soon as possible.
+
+### Advertising ID
+
+All devices with Google Play Services installed automatically generate an [advertising ID](https://support.google.com/googleplay/android-developer/answer/6048248?hl=en) used for targeted advertising. Disable this feature to limit the data collected about you.
+
+On Android distributions with [Sandboxed Google Play](https://grapheneos.org/usage#sandboxed-google-play), go to :gear: **Settings** → **Apps** → **Sandboxed Google Play** → **Google Settings** → **Ads**, and select *Delete advertising ID*.
+
+On Android distributions with privileged Google Play Services (such as stock OSes), the setting may be in one of several locations. Check
+
+- :gear: **Settings** → **Google** → **Ads**
+- :gear: **Settings** → **Privacy** → **Ads**
+
+You will either be given the option to delete your advertising ID or to *Opt out of interest-based ads*, this varies between OEM distributions of Android. If presented with the option to delete the advertising ID that is preferred. If not, then make sure to opt out and reset your advertising ID.
+
+### SafetyNet and Play Integrity API
+
+[SafetyNet](https://developer.android.com/training/safetynet/attestation) and the [Play Integrity APIs](https://developer.android.com/google/play/integrity) are generally used for [banking apps](https://grapheneos.org/usage#banking-apps). Many banking apps will work fine in GrapheneOS with sandboxed Play services, however some non-financial apps have their own crude anti-tampering mechanisms which might fail. GrapheneOS passes the `basicIntegrity` check, but not the certification check `ctsProfileMatch`. Devices with Android 8 or later have hardware attestation support which cannot be bypassed without leaked keys or serious vulnerabilities.
+
+As for Google Wallet, we don't recommend this due to their [privacy policy](https://payments.google.com/payments/apis-secure/get_legal_document?ldo=0&ldt=privacynotice&ldl=en), which states you must opt-out if you don't want your credit rating and personal information shared with affiliate marketing services.
--- a/docs/os/linux-overview.en.md
+++ b/docs/os/linux-overview.en.md
--- a/docs/os/qubes-overview.en.md
+++ b/docs/os/qubes-overview.en.md
--- a/docs/passwords.en.md
+++ b/docs/passwords.en.md
--- a/docs/productivity.en.md
+++ b/docs/productivity.en.md
--- a/docs/real-time-communication.en.md
+++ b/docs/real-time-communication.en.md
--- a/docs/router.en.md
+++ b/docs/router.en.md
--- a/docs/search-engines.en.md
+++ b/docs/search-engines.en.md
--- a/docs/tools.en.md
+++ b/docs/tools.en.md
--- a/docs/tor.en.md
+++ b/docs/tor.en.md
--- a/docs/video-streaming.en.md
+++ b/docs/video-streaming.en.md
--- a/docs/vpn.en.md
+++ b/docs/vpn.en.md
--- a/i18n/ar/404.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/404.md
@ -13,3 +13,5 @@ We couldn't find the page you were looking for! Maybe you were looking for one o
 - [Best VPN Providers](vpn.md)
 - [Privacy Guides Forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net)
 - [Our Blog](https://blog.privacyguides.org)
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/i18n/ar/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Community Code of Conduct
+
+**We pledge** to make our community a harassment-free experience for everyone.
+
+**We strive** to create a positive environment, using welcoming and inclusive language, and being respectful of the viewpoints of others.
+
+**We do not allow** inappropriate or otherwise unacceptable behavior, such as sexualized language, trolling and insulting comments, or otherwise promoting intolerance or harassment.
+
+## Community Standards
+
+What we expect from members of our communities:
+
+1. **Don't spread misinformation**
+
+      We are creating an evidence-based educational community around information privacy and security, not a home for conspiracy theories. For example, when making a claim that a certain piece of software is malicious or that certain telemetry data is privacy invasive, explain in detail what is collected and how it collected. Claims of this nature must be backed by technical evidence.
+
+1. **Don't abuse our willingness to help**
+
+      Our community members are not your free tech support. We are happy to help you with specific steps on your privacy journey if you are willing to put in effort on your end. We are not willing to answer endlessly repeated questions about generic computer problems you could have answered yourself with a 30-second internet search. Don't be a [help vampire](https://slash7.com/2006/12/22/vampires/).
+
+1. **Behave in a positive and constructive manner**
+
+      Examples of behavior that contributes to a positive environment for our community include:
+
+      - Demonstrating empathy and kindness toward other people
+      - Being respectful of differing opinions, viewpoints, and experiences
+      - Giving and gracefully accepting constructive feedback
+      - Accepting responsibility and apologizing to those affected by our mistakes, and learning from the experience
+      - Focusing on what is best not just for us as individuals, but for the overall community
+
+### Unacceptable Behavior
+
+The following behaviors are considered harassment and are unacceptable within our community:
+
+- The use of sexualized language or imagery, and sexual attention or advances of any kind
+- Trolling, insulting or derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
+- Public or private harassment
+- Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or email address, without their explicit permission
+- Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a professional setting
+
+## Scope
+
+Our Code of Conduct applies within all project spaces, as well as when an individual is representing the Privacy Guides project in other communities.
+
+We are responsible for clarifying the standards of our community, and have the right to remove or alter the comments of those participating within our community, as necessary and at our discretion.
+
+### Contact
+
+If you observe a problem on a platform like Matrix or Reddit, please contact our moderators on that platform in chat, via DM, or through any designated "Modmail" system.
+
+If you have a problem elsewhere, or a problem our community moderators are unable to resolve, reach out to `jonah@privacyguides.org` and/or `dngray@privacyguides.org`.
+
+All community leaders are obligated to respect the privacy and security of the reporter of any incident.
--- a/i18n/ar/about/criteria.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/about/criteria.md
@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+---
+title: General Criteria
+---
+
+!!! example "Work in Progress"
+
+    The following page is a work in progress, and does not reflect the full criteria for our recommendations at this time. Past discussion on this topic: [#24](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/discussions/24)
+
+Below are some things that must apply to all submissions to Privacy Guides. Each category will have additional requirements for inclusion.
+
+## Financial Disclosure
+
+We do not make money from recommending certain products, we do not use affiliate links, and we do not provide special consideration to project donors.
+
+## General Guidelines
+
+We apply these priorities when considering new recommendations:
+
+- **Secure**: Tools should follow security best-practices wherever applicable.
+- **Source Availability**: Open source projects are generally preferred over equivalent proprietary alternatives.
+- **Cross-Platform**: We typically prefer recommendations to be cross-platform, to avoid vendor lock-in.
+- **Active Development**: The tools that we recommend should be actively developed, unmaintained projects will be removed in most cases.
+- **Usability**: Tools should be accessible to most computer users, an overly technical background should not be required.
+- **Documented**: Tools should have clear and extensive documentation for use.
+
+## Developer Self-Submissions
+
+We have these requirements in regard to developers which wish to submit their project or software for consideration.
+
+- Must disclose affiliation, i.e. your position within the project being submitted.
+
+- Must have a security whitepaper if it is a project that involves handling of sensitive information like a messenger, password manager, encrypted cloud storage etc.
+    - Third party audit status. We want to know if you have one, or have one planned. If possible please mention who will be conducting the audit.
+
+- Must explain what the project brings to the table in regard to privacy.
+    - Does it solve any new problem?
+    - Why should anyone use it over the alternatives?
+
+- Must state what the exact threat model is with their project.
+    - It should be clear to potential users what the project can provide, and what it cannot.
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/i18n/ar/about/donate.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/about/donate.md
@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+---
+title: قم بدعمنا
+---
+
+<!-- markdownlint-disable MD036 -->
+It takes a lot of [people](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/graphs/contributors) and [work](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/pulse/monthly) to keep Privacy Guides up to date and spreading the word about privacy and mass surveillance. If you like what we do, consider getting involved by [editing the site](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org) or [contributing translations](https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides).
+
+If you want to support us financially, the most convenient method for us is contributing via Open Collective, a website operated by our fiscal host. Open Collective accepts payments via credit/debit card, PayPal, and bank transfers.
+
+[Donate on OpenCollective.com](https://opencollective.com/privacyguides/donate ""){.md-button.md-button--primary}
+
+Donations made directly to us on Open Collective are generally tax-deductible in the US, because our fiscal host (the Open Collective Foundation) is a registered 501(c)3 organization. You will receive a receipt from the Open Collective Foundation after donating. Privacy Guides does not provide financial advice, and you should contact your tax advisor to find out whether this is applicable to you.
+
+If you already make use of GitHub sponsorships, you can also sponsor our organization there.
+
+[Sponsor us on GitHub](https://github.com/sponsors/privacyguides ""){.md-button}
+
+## Backers
+
+A special thanks to all those who support our mission! :heart:
+
+*Please note: This section loads a widget directly from Open Collective. This section does not reflect donations made outside of Open Collective, and we have no control over the specific donors featured in this section.*
+
+<script src="https://opencollective.com/privacyguides/banner.js"></script>
+
+## How We Use Donations
+
+Privacy Guides is a **non-profit** organization. We use donations for a variety of purposes, including:
+
+**Domain Registrations**
+:
+
+We have a few domain names like `privacyguides.org` which cost us around $10 yearly to maintain their registration.
+
+**Web Hosting**
+:
+
+Traffic to this website uses hundreds of gigabytes of data per month, we use a variety of service providers to keep up with this traffic.
+
+**Online Services**
+:
+
+We host [internet services](https://privacyguides.net) for testing and showcasing different privacy-products we like and [recommend](../tools.md). Some of which are made publicly available for our community's use (SearXNG, Tor, etc.), and some are provided for our team members (email, etc.).
+
+**Product Purchases**
+:
+
+We occasionally purchase products and services for the purposes of testing our [recommended tools](../tools.md).
+
+We are still working with our fiscal host (the Open Collective Foundation) to receive cryptocurrency donations, at the moment the accounting is unfeasible for many smaller transactions, but this should change in the future. In the meantime, if you wish to make a sizable (> $100) cryptocurrency donation, please reach out to [jonah@privacyguides.org](mailto:jonah@privacyguides.org).
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/i18n/ar/about/index.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/about/index.md
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ title: "About Privacy Guides"

 **Privacy Guides** is a socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy. We are a non-profit collective operated entirely by volunteer [team members](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/g/team) and contributors.

-[:material-hand-coin-outline: Support the project](donate.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:material-hand-coin-outline: Support the project](donate.md ""){.md-button.md-button--primary}

 ## Our Team

@ -59,3 +59,5 @@ Our team members review all changes made to the website and handle administrativ
 :fontawesome-brands-creative-commons: :fontawesome-brands-creative-commons-by: :fontawesome-brands-creative-commons-nd: Unless otherwise noted, the original content on this website is made available under the [Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/blob/main/LICENSE). This means that you are free to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially; as long as you give appropriate credit to `Privacy Guides (www.privacyguides.org)` and provide a link to the license. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests Privacy Guides endorses you or your use. If you remix, transform, or build upon the content of this website, you may not distribute the modified material.

 This license is in place to prevent people from sharing our work without giving proper credit, and to prevent people from modifying our work in a way that could be used to mislead people. If you find the terms of this license too restrictive for the project you're working on, please reach out to us at `jonah@privacyguides.org`. We are happy to provide alternative licensing options for well-intentioned projects in the privacy space!
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/i18n/ar/about/notices.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/about/notices.md
@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+title: "Notices and Disclaimers"
+hide:
+  - toc
+---
+
+## Legal Disclaimer
+
+Privacy Guides is not a law firm. As such, the Privacy Guides website and contributors are not providing legal advice. The material and recommendations in our website and guides do not constitute legal advice nor does contributing to the website or communicating with Privacy Guides or other contributors about our website create an attorney-client relationship.
+
+Running this website, like any human endeavor, involves uncertainty and trade-offs. We hope this website helps, but it may include mistakes and can’t address every situation. If you have any questions about your situation, we encourage you to do your own research, seek out other experts, and engage in discussions with the Privacy Guides community. If you have any legal questions, you should consult with your own legal counsel before moving forward.
+
+Privacy Guides is an open source project contributed to under licenses that include terms that, for the protection of the website and its contributors, make clear that the Privacy Guides project and website is offered "as-is", without warranty, and disclaiming liability for damages resulting from using the website or any recommendations contained within. Privacy Guides does not warrant or make any representations concerning the accuracy, likely results, or reliability of the use of the materials on the website or otherwise relating to such materials on the website or on any third-party sites linked on this site.
+
+Privacy Guides additionally does not warrant that this website will be constantly available, or available at all.
+
+## Licenses
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all content on this website is made available under the terms of the [Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/blob/main/LICENSE).
+
+This does not include third-party code embedded in this repository, or code where a superseding license is otherwise noted. The following are notable examples, but this list may not be all-inclusive:
+
+* [MathJax](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/blob/main/docs/assets/javascripts/mathjax.js) is licensed under the [Apache License 2.0](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/blob/main/docs/assets/javascripts/LICENSE.mathjax.txt).
+
+Portions of this notice itself were adopted from [opensource.guide](https://github.com/github/opensource.guide/blob/master/notices.md) on GitHub. That resource and this page itself are released under [CC-BY-4.0](https://github.com/github/opensource.guide/blob/master/LICENSE).
+
+This means that you can use the human-readable content in this repository for your own project, per the terms outlined in the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public License text. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests Privacy Guides endorses you or your use. You **may not** use the Privacy Guides branding in your own project without express approval from this project. Privacy Guides's brand trademarks include the "Privacy Guides" wordmark and shield logo.
+
+We believe that the logos and other images in `assets` obtained from third-party providers are either in the public domain or **fair use**. In a nutshell, legal [fair use doctrine](https://www.copyright.gov/fair-use/more-info.html) allows the use of copyrighted images in order to identify the subject matter for purposes of public comment. However, these logos and other images may still be subject to trademark laws in one or more jurisdictions. Before using this content, please ensure that it is used to identify the entity or organization that owns the trademark and that you have the right to use it under the laws which apply in the circumstances of your intended use. *When copying content from this website, you are solely responsible for ensuring that you do not infringe someone else's trademark or copyright.*
+
+When you contribute to this repository you are doing so under the above licenses, and you are granting Privacy Guides a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, transferable, royalty-free, irrevocable license with the right to sublicense such rights through multiple tiers of sublicensees, to reproduce, modify, display, perform and distribute your contribution as part of our project.
+
+## Acceptable Use
+
+You may not use this website in any way that causes or may cause damage to the website or impairment of the availability or accessibility of Privacy Guides, or in any way which is unlawful, illegal, fraudulent, harmful, or in connection with any unlawful, illegal, fraudulent, or harmful purpose or activity.
+
+You must not conduct any systematic or automated data collection activities on or in relation to this website without express written consent, including:
+
+* Excessive Automated Scans
+* Denial of Service Attacks
+* Scraping
+* Data Mining
+* 'Framing' (IFrames)
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/i18n/ar/about/privacy-policy.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/about/privacy-policy.md
@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+title: "Privacy Policy"
+---
+
+Privacy Guides is a community project operated by a number of active volunteer contributors. The public list of team members [can be found on GitHub](https://github.com/orgs/privacyguides/people).
+
+## Data We Collect From Visitors
+
+The privacy of our website visitors is important to us, so we do not track any individual people. As a visitor to our website:
+
+- No personal information is collected
+- No information such as cookies are stored in the browser
+- No information is shared with, sent to or sold to third-parties
+- No information is shared with advertising companies
+- No information is mined and harvested for personal and behavioral trends
+- No information is monetized
+
+You can view the data we collect on our [statistics](statistics.md) page.
+
+We run a self-hosted installation of [Plausible Analytics](https://plausible.io) to collect some anonymous usage data for statistical purposes. The goal is to track overall trends in our website traffic, it is not to track individual visitors. All the data is in aggregate only. No personal data is collected.
+
+Data collected includes referral sources, top pages, visit duration, information from the devices (device type, operating system, country and browser) used during the visit and more. You can learn more about how Plausible works and collects information in a privacy-respecting manner [here](https://plausible.io/data-policy).
+
+## Data We Collect From Account Holders
+
+On some websites and services we provide, many features may require an account. For example, an account may be required to post and reply to topics on a forum platform.
+
+To sign up for most accounts, we will collect a name, username, email, and password. In the event a website requires more information than just that data, that will be clearly marked and noted in a separate privacy statement per-site.
+
+We use your account data to identify you on the website and to create pages specific to you, such as your profile page. We will also use your account data to publish a public profile for you on our services.
+
+We use your email to:
+
+- Notify you about posts and other activity on the websites or services.
+- Reset your password and help keep your account secure.
+- Contact you in special circumstances related to your account.
+- Contact you about legal requests, such as DMCA takedown requests.
+
+On some websites and services you may provide additional information for your account, such as a short biography, avatar, your location, or your birthday. We make that information available to everyone who can access the website or service in question. This information is not required to use any of our services and can be erased at any time.
+
+We will store your account data as long as your account remains open. After closing an account, we may retain some or all of your account data in the form of backups or archives for up to 90 days.
+
+## Contacting Us
+
+The Privacy Guides team generally does not have access to personal data outside of limited access granted via some moderation panels. Inquiries regarding your personal information should be sent directly to:
+
+```text
+Jonah Aragon
+Services Administrator
+jonah@privacyguides.org
+```
+
+For all other inquiries, you can contact any member of our team.
+
+For complaints under GDPR more generally, you may lodge complaints with your local data protection supervisory authorities. In France it's the Commission Nationale de l'Informatique et des Libertés which take care and handle the complaints. They provide a [template of complaint letter](https://www.cnil.fr/en/plaintes) to use.
+
+## About This Policy
+
+We will post any new versions of this statement [here](privacy-policy.md). We may change how we announce changes in future versions of this document. In the meantime we may update our contact information at any time without announcing a change. Please refer to the [Privacy Policy](privacy-policy.md) for the latest contact information at any time.
+
+A full revision [history](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits/main/docs/about/privacy-policy.md) of this page can be found on GitHub.
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/i18n/ar/about/privacytools.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/about/privacytools.md
@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+---
+title: "PrivacyTools FAQ"
+---
+
+# Why we moved on from PrivacyTools
+
+In September 2021, every active contributor unanimously agreed to move from PrivacyTools to work on this site: Privacy Guides. This decision was made because PrivacyTools’ founder and controller of the domain name had disappeared for an extended period of time and could not be contacted.
+
+Having built a reputable site and set of services on PrivacyTools.io, this caused grave concerns for the future of PrivacyTools, as any future disruption could wipe out the entire organization with no recovery method. This transition was communicated to the PrivacyTools community many months in advance via a variety of channels including its blog, Twitter, Reddit, and Mastodon to ensure the entire process went as smoothly as possible. We did this to ensure nobody was kept in the dark, which has been our modus operandi since our team was created, and to make sure Privacy Guides was recognized as the same reliable organization that PrivacyTools was before the transition.
+
+After the organizational move was completed, the founder of PrivacyTools returned and began to spread misinformation about the Privacy Guides project. They continue to spread misinformation in addition to operating a paid link farm on the PrivacyTools domain. We are creating this page to clear up any misconceptions.
+
+## What is PrivacyTools?
+
+PrivacyTools was created in 2015 by "BurungHantu," who wanted to make a privacy information resource - helpful tools following the Snowden revelations. The site grew into a flourishing open-source project with [many contributors](https://github.com/privacytools/privacytools.io/graphs/contributors), some eventually given various organizational responsibilities, such as operating online services like Matrix and Mastodon, managing and reviewing changes to the site on GitHub, finding sponsors for the project, writing blog posts and operating social media outreach platforms like Twitter, etc.
+
+Beginning in 2019, BurungHantu grew more and more distant from the active development of the website and communities, and began delaying payments he was responsible for related to the servers we operated. To avoid having our system administrator pay server costs out of their own pocket, we changed the donation methods listed on the site from BurungHantu's personal PayPal and crypto accounts to a new OpenCollective page on [October 31, 2019](https://web.archive.org/web/20210729184557/https://blog.privacytools.io/privacytools-io-joins-the-open-collective-foundation/). This had the added benefits of making our finances completely transparent, a value we strongly believe in, and tax-deductible in the United States, because they were being held by the Open Collective Foundation 501(c)3. This change was unanimously agreed upon by the team and went uncontested.
+
+## Why We Moved On
+
+In 2020, BurungHantu's absence grew much more noticeable. At one point, we required the domain's nameservers to be changed to nameservers controlled by our system administrator to avoid future disruption, and this change was not completed for over a month after the initial request. He would disappear from the public chat and private team chat rooms on Matrix for months at a time, occasionally popping in to give some small feedback or promise to be more active before disappearing once again.
+
+In October 2020, the PrivacyTools system administrator (Jonah) [left](https://web.archive.org/web/20210729190742/https://blog.privacytools.io/blacklight447-taking-over/) the project because of these difficulties, handing control to another long-time contributor. Jonah had been operating nearly every PrivacyTools service and acting as the *de facto* project lead for website development in BurungHantu's absence, thus his departure was a significant change to the organization. At the time, because of these significant organizational changes, BurungHantu promised the remaining team he would return to take control of the project going forward. ==The PrivacyTools team reached out via several communication methods over the following months, but did not receive any response.==
+
+## Domain Name Reliance
+
+At the beginning of 2021, the PrivacyTools team grew worried about the future of the project, because the domain name was set to expire on 1st March 2021. The domain was ultimately renewed by BurungHantu with no comment.
+
+The team’s concerns were not addressed, and we realized this would be a problem every year: If the domain expired it would have allowed it to be stolen by squatters or spammers, thus ruining the organization's reputation. We also would have had trouble reaching the community to inform them of what took place.
+
+Without being in any contact with BurungHantu, we decided the best course of action would be to move to a new domain name while we still had guaranteed control over the old domain name, sometime before March 2022. This way, we would be able to cleanly redirect all PrivacyTools resources to the new site without any interruption in service. This decision was made many months in advance and communicated to the entire team in the hopes that BurungHantu would reach out and assure his continued support for the project, because with a recognizable brand name and large communities online, moving away from "PrivacyTools" was the least desirable possible outcome.
+
+In mid-2021 the PrivacyTools team reached out to Jonah, who agreed to rejoin the team to help with the transition.
+
+## Community Call to Action
+
+At the end of July 2021, we [informed](https://web.archive.org/web/20210729184422/https://blog.privacytools.io/the-future-of-privacytools/) the PrivacyTools community of our intention to choose a new name and continue the project on a new domain, to be [chosen](https://web.archive.org/web/20210729190935/https://aragon.cloud/apps/forms/cMPxG9KyopapBbcw) on 2nd August 2022. In the end, "Privacy Guides" was selected, with the `privacyguides.org` domain already owned by Jonah for a side-project from 2020 that went undeveloped.
+
+## Control of r/privacytoolsIO
+
+Simultaneously with the ongoing website issues at privacytools.io, the r/privacytoolsIO moderation team was facing challenges with managing the subreddit. The subreddit had always been operated mostly independently of the website's development, but BurungHantu was the primary moderator of the subreddit as well, and he was the only moderator granted "Full Control" privileges. u/trai_dep was the only active moderator at the time, and [posted](https://www.reddit.com/r/redditrequest/comments/o9tllh/requesting_rprivacytoolsio_im_only_active_mod_top/) a request to Reddit's administrators on June 28, 2021, asking to be granted the primary moderator position and full control privileges, in order to make necessary changes to the Subreddit.
+
+Reddit requires that subreddits have active moderators. If the primary moderator is inactive for a lengthy period of time (such as a year) the primary moderation position can be re-appointed to the next moderator in line. For this request to have been granted, BurungHantu had to have been completely absent from all Reddit activity for a long period of time, which was consistent with his behaviors on other platforms.
+
+> If you were removed as moderator from a subreddit through Reddit request it is because your lack of response and lack of activity qualified the subreddit for an r/redditrequest transfer.
+> 
+> r/redditrequest is Reddit's way of making sure communities have active moderators and is part of the [Moderator Code of Conduct](https://www.redditinc.com/policies/moderator-code-of-conduct).
+
+## Beginning the Transition
+
+On September 14th, 2021, we [announced](https://www.privacyguides.org/blog/2021/09/14/welcome-to-privacy-guides/) the beginning of our migration to this new domain:
+
+> [...] we found it necessary to make this switch sooner rather than later to ensure people would find out about this transition as soon as possible. This gives us adequate time to transition the domain name, which is currently redirecting to www.privacyguides.org, and it hopefully gives everyone enough time to notice the change, update bookmarks and websites, etc.
+
+This change [entailed:](https://www.reddit.com/r/PrivacyGuides/comments/pnhn4a/rprivacyguides_privacyguidesorg_what_you_need_to/)
+
+- Redirecting www.privacytools.io to [www.privacyguides.org](https://www.privacyguides.org).
+- Archiving the source code on GitHub to preserve our past work and issue tracker, which we continued to use for months of future development of this site.
+- Posting announcements to our subreddit and various other communities informing people of the official change.
+- Formally closing privacytools.io services, like Matrix and Mastodon, and encouraging existing users to migrate as soon as possible.
+
+Things appeared to be going smoothly, and most of our active community made the switch to our new project exactly as we hoped.
+
+## Following Events
+
+Roughly a week following the transition, BurungHantu returned online for the first time in nearly a year, however nobody on our team was willing to return to PrivacyTools because of his historic unreliability. Rather than apologize for his prolonged absence, he immediately went on the offensive and positioned the transition to Privacy Guides as an attack against him and his project. He subsequently [deleted](https://www.reddit.com/r/privacytoolsIO/comments/pp9yie/comment/hd49wbn) many of these posts when it was pointed out by the community that he had been absent and abandoned the project.
+
+At this point, BurungHantu claimed he wanted to continue working on privacytools.io on his own and requested that we remove the redirect from www.privacytools.io to [www.privacyguides.org](https://www.privacyguides.org). We obliged and requested that he keep the subdomains for Matrix, Mastodon, and PeerTube active for us to run as a public service to our community for at least a few months, in order to allow users on those platforms to easily migrate to other accounts. Due to the federated nature of the services we provided, they were tied to specific domain names making it very difficult to migrate (and in some cases impossible).
+
+Unfortunately, because control of the r/privacytoolsIO subreddit was not returned to BurungHantu at his demand (further information below), those subdomains were [cut off](https://www.reddit.com/r/PrivacyGuides/comments/pymthv/comment/hexwrps/) at the beginning of October, ending any migration possibilities to any users still using those services.
+
+Following this, BurungHantu made false accusations about Jonah stealing donations from the project. BurungHantu had over a year since the alleged incident occurred, and yet he never made anyone aware of it until after the Privacy Guides migration. BurungHantu has been repeatedly asked for proof and to comment on the reason for his silence by the team [and the community](https://twitter.com/TommyTran732/status/1526153536962281474), and has not done so.
+
+BurungHantu also made a [twitter post](https://twitter.com/privacytoolsIO/status/1510560676967710728) alleging that an "attorney" had reached out to him on Twitter and was providing advice, in another attempt to bully us into giving him control of our subreddit, and as part of his smear campaign to muddy the waters surrounding the launch of Privacy Guides while pretending to be a victim.
+
+## PrivacyTools.io Now
+
+As of September 25th 2022 we are seeing BurungHantu's overall plans come to fruition on privacytools.io, and this is the very reason we decided to create this explainer page today. The website he is operating appears to be a heavily SEO-optimized version of the site which recommends tools in exchange for financial compensation. Very recently, IVPN and Mullvad, two VPN providers near-universally [recommended](../vpn.md) by the privacy community and notable for their stance against affiliate programs were removed from PrivacyTools. In their place? NordVPN, Surfshark, ExpressVPN, and hide.me; Giant VPN corporations with untrustworthy platforms and business practices, notorious for their aggressive marketing and affiliate programs.
+
+==**PrivacyTools has become exactly the type of site we [warned against](https://web.archive.org/web/20210729205249/https://blog.privacytools.io/the-trouble-with-vpn-and-privacy-reviews/) on the PrivacyTools blog in 2019.**== We've tried to keep our distance from PrivacyTools since the transition, but their continued harassment towards our project and now their absurd abuse of the credibility their brand gained over 6 years of open source contributions is extremely troubling to us. Those of us actually fighting for privacy are not fighting against each other, and are not getting our advice from the highest bidder.
+
+## r/privacytoolsIO Now
+
+After the launch of [r/PrivacyGuides](https://www.reddit.com/r/privacyguides), it was impractical for u/trai_dep to continue moderating both subreddits, and with the community on-board with the transition, r/privacytoolsIO was [made](https://www.reddit.com/r/privacytoolsIO/comments/qk7qrj/a_new_era_why_rptio_is_now_a_restricted_sub/) a restricted sub in a post on November 1st, 2021:
+
+> [...] The growth of this Sub was the result of great effort, across several years, by the PrivacyGuides.org team. And by every one of you.
+> 
+> A Subreddit is a great deal of work to administer and moderate. Like a garden, it requires patient tending and daily care. It’s not a task for dilettantes or commitment-challenged people. It can’t thrive under a gardener who abandons it for several years, then shows up demanding this year’s harvest as their tribute. It’s unfair to the team formed years ago. It’s unfair to you. [...]
+
+Subreddits do not belong to anybody, and they especially do not belong to brand-holders. They belong to their communities, and the community and its moderators made the decision to support the move to r/PrivacyGuides.
+
+In the months since, BurungHantu has threatened and begged for returning subreddit control to his account in [violation](https://www.reddit.com/r/redditrequest/wiki/top_mod_removal/) of Reddit rules:
+
+> Retaliation from any moderator with regards to removal requests is disallowed.
+
+For a community with many thousands of remaining subscribers, we feel that it would be incredibly disrespectful to return control of that massive platform to the person who abandoned it for over a year, and who now operates a website that we feel provides very low-quality information. Preserving the years of past discussions in that community is more important to us, and thus u/trai_dep and the rest of the subreddit moderation team has made the decision to keep r/privacytoolsIO as-is.
+
+## OpenCollective Now
+
+Our fundraising platform, OpenCollective, is another source of contention. Our position is that OpenCollective was put in place by our team and managed by our team to fund services we currently operate and which PrivacyTools no longer does. We [reached out](https://opencollective.com/privacyguides/updates/transitioning-to-privacy-guides) to all of our donors regarding our move to Privacy Guides, and we were unanimously supported by our sponsors and community.
+
+Thus, the funds in OpenCollective belong to Privacy Guides, they were given to our project, and not the owner of a well known domain name. In the announcement made to donors on September 17th, 2021, we offered refunds to any donor who disagrees with the stance we took, but nobody has taken us up on this offer:
+
+> If any sponsors or backers disagree with or feel misled by these recent events and would like to request a refund given these highly unusual circumstances, please get in touch with our project admin by emailing jonah@triplebit.net.
+
+## Further Reading
+
+This topic has been discussed extensively within our communities in various locations, and it seems likely that most people reading this page will already be familiar with the events leading up to the move to Privacy Guides. Some of our previous posts on the matter may have extra detail we omitted here for brevity. They have been linked below for the sake of completion.
+
+- [June 28, 2021 request for control of r/privacytoolsIO](https://www.reddit.com/r/redditrequest/comments/o9tllh/requesting_rprivacytoolsio_im_only_active_mod_top/)
+- [July 27, 2021 announcement of our intentions to move on the PrivacyTools blog, written by the team](https://web.archive.org/web/20210729184422/https://blog.privacytools.io/the-future-of-privacytools/)
+- [Sept 13, 2021 announcement of the beginning of our transition to Privacy Guides on r/privacytoolsIO](https://www.reddit.com/r/privacytoolsIO/comments/pnql46/rprivacyguides_privacyguidesorg_what_you_need_to/)
+- [Sept 17, 2021 announcement on OpenCollective from Jonah](https://opencollective.com/privacyguides/updates/transitioning-to-privacy-guides)
+- [Sept 30, 2021 Twitter thread detailing most of the events now described on this page](https://twitter.com/privacy_guides/status/1443633412800225280)
+- [Oct 1, 2021 post by u/dng99 noting subdomain failure](https://www.reddit.com/r/PrivacyGuides/comments/pymthv/comment/hexwrps/)
+- [Apr 2, 2022 response by u/dng99 to PrivacyTools' accusatory blog post](https://www.reddit.com/comments/tuo7mm/comment/i35kw5a/)
+- [May 16, 2022 response by @TommyTran732 on Twitter](https://twitter.com/TommyTran732/status/1526153497984618496)
+- [Sep 3, 2022 post on Techlore's forum by @dngray](https://discuss.techlore.tech/t/has-anyone-seen-this-video-wondering-your-thoughts/792/20)
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/i18n/ar/about/services.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/about/services.md
@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Privacy Guides Services
+
+We run a number of web services to test out features and promote cool decentralized, federated, and/or open-source projects. Many of these services are available to the public and are detailed below.
+
+[:material-comment-alert: Report an issue](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/c/services/2 ""){.md-button.md-button--primary}
+
+## Discourse
+
+- Domain: [discuss.privacyguides.net](https://discuss.privacyguides.net)
+- Availability: Public
+- Source: [github.com/discourse/discourse](https://github.com/discourse/discourse)
+
+## Gitea
+
+- Domain: [code.privacyguides.dev](https://code.privacyguides.dev)
+- Availability: Invite-Only  
+  Access may be granted upon request to any team working on *Privacy Guides*-related development or content.
+- Source: [snapcraft.io/gitea](https://snapcraft.io/gitea)
+
+## Matrix
+
+- Domain: [matrix.privacyguides.org](https://matrix.privacyguides.org)
+- Availability: Invite-Only  
+  Access may be granted upon request to Privacy Guides team members, Matrix moderators, third-party Matrix community administrators, Matrix bot operators, and other individuals in need of a reliable Matrix presence.
+- Source: [github.com/spantaleev/matrix-docker-ansible-deploy](https://github.com/spantaleev/matrix-docker-ansible-deploy)
+
+## SearXNG
+
+- Domain: [search.privacyguides.net](https://search.privacyguides.net)
+- Availability: Public
+- Source: [github.com/searxng/searxng-docker](https://github.com/searxng/searxng-docker)
+
+## Invidious
+
+- Domain: [invidious.privacyguides.net](https://invidious.privacyguides.net)
+- Availability: Semi-Public  
+  We host Invidious primarily to serve embedded YouTube videos on our website, this instance is not intended for general-purpose use and may be limited at any time.
+- Source: [github.com/iv-org/invidious](https://github.com/iv-org/invidious)
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/i18n/ar/about/statistics.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/about/statistics.md
@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+title: Traffic Statistics
+---
+
+## Website Statistics
+
+<iframe plausible-embed src="https://stats.privacyguides.net/share/privacyguides.org?auth=IxTl2wRhi3uxF09rd1NSn&embed=true&theme=system&background=transparent" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" style="width: 1px; min-width: 100%; height: 1600px;" id="plausibleFrame"></iframe>
+<div style="font-size: 14px; padding-bottom: 14px;">Stats powered by <a target="_blank" style="color: #4F46E5; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://plausible.io">Plausible Analytics</a></div>
+<script async src="https://stats.privacyguides.net/js/embed.host.js"></script>
+
+<script>
+
+    /* Set palette on initial load */
+    var palette = __md_get("__palette")
+    if (palette && typeof palette.color === "object") {
+        var theme = palette.color.scheme === "slate" ? "dark" : "light"
+        document.getElementById('plausibleFrame').src = 'https://stats.privacyguides.net/share/privacyguides.org?auth=IxTl2wRhi3uxF09rd1NSn&embed=true&theme=' + theme + '&background=transparent';
+    }
+
+    /* Register event handlers after documented loaded */
+    document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() {
+        var ref = document.querySelector("[data-md-component=palette]")
+        ref.addEventListener("change", function() {
+        var palette = __md_get("__palette")
+        if (palette && typeof palette.color === "object") {
+            var theme = palette.color.scheme === "slate" ? "dark" : "light"
+
+            document.getElementById('plausibleFrame').src = 'https://stats.privacyguides.net/share/privacyguides.org?auth=IxTl2wRhi3uxF09rd1NSn&embed=true&theme=' + theme + '&background=transparent';
+        }
+        })
+    })
+</script>
+
+## Blog Statistics
+
+<iframe plausible-embed src="https://stats.privacyguides.net/share/blog.privacyguides.org?auth=onWV76WWcsDifUqlaHEAg&embed=true&theme=system&background=transparent" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" style="width: 1px; min-width: 100%; height: 1600px;" id="blogFrame"></iframe>
+<div style="font-size: 14px; padding-bottom: 14px;">Stats powered by <a target="_blank" style="color: #4F46E5; text-decoration: underline;" href="https://plausible.io">Plausible Analytics</a></div>
+<script async src="https://stats.privacyguides.net/js/embed.host.js"></script>
+
+<script>
+
+    /* Set palette on initial load */
+    var palette = __md_get("__palette")
+    if (palette && typeof palette.color === "object") {
+        var theme = palette.color.scheme === "slate" ? "dark" : "light"
+        document.getElementById('blogFrame').src = 'https://stats.privacyguides.net/share/blog.privacyguides.org?auth=onWV76WWcsDifUqlaHEAg&embed=true&theme=' + theme + '&background=transparent';
+    }
+
+    /* Register event handlers after documented loaded */
+    document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() {
+        var ref = document.querySelector("[data-md-component=palette]")
+        ref.addEventListener("change", function() {
+        var palette = __md_get("__palette")
+        if (palette && typeof palette.color === "object") {
+            var theme = palette.color.scheme === "slate" ? "dark" : "light"
+
+            document.getElementById('blogFrame').src = 'https://stats.privacyguides.net/share/blog.privacyguides.org?auth=onWV76WWcsDifUqlaHEAg&embed=true&theme=' + theme + '&background=transparent';
+        }
+        })
+    })
+</script>
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/i18n/ar/advanced/communication-network-types.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/advanced/communication-network-types.md
@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+---
+title: "Types of Communication Networks"
+icon: 'material/transit-connection-variant'
+---
+
+There are several network architectures commonly used to relay messages between people. These networks can provide different privacy guarantees, which is why it's worth considering your [threat model](../basics/threat-modeling.md) when deciding which app to use.
+
+[Recommended Instant Messengers](../real-time-communication.md ""){.md-button}
+
+## Centralized Networks
+
+![Centralized networks diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-centralized.svg){ align=left }
+
+Centralized messengers are those where all participants are on the same server or network of servers controlled by the same organization.
+
+Some self-hosted messengers allow you to set up your own server. Self-hosting can provide additional privacy guarantees, such as no usage logs or limited access to metadata (data about who is talking to whom). Self-hosted centralized messengers are isolated and everyone must be on the same server to communicate.
+
+**Advantages:**
+
+- New features and changes can be implemented more quickly.
+- Easier to get started with and to find contacts.
+- Most mature and stable features ecosystems, as they are easier to program in a centralized software.
+- Privacy issues may be reduced when you trust a server that you're self-hosting.
+
+**Disadvantages:**
+
+- Can include [restricted control or access](https://drewdevault.com/2018/08/08/Signal.html). This can include things like:
+- Being [forbidden from connecting third-party clients](https://github.com/LibreSignal/LibreSignal/issues/37#issuecomment-217211165) to the centralized network that might provide for greater customization or a better experience. Often defined in Terms and Conditions of usage.
+- Poor or no documentation for third-party developers.
+- The [ownership](https://web.archive.org/web/20210729191953/https://blog.privacytools.io/delisting-wire/), privacy policy, and operations of the service can change easily when a single entity controls it, potentially compromising the service later on.
+- Self-hosting requires effort and knowledge of how to set up a service.
+
+## Federated Networks
+
+![Federated networks diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-decentralized.svg){ align=left }
+
+Federated messengers use multiple, independent, decentralized servers that are able to talk to each other (email is one example of a federated service). Federation allows system administrators to control their own server and still be a part of the larger communications network.
+
+When self-hosted, members of a federated server can discover and communicate with members of other servers, although some servers may choose to remain private by being non-federated (e.g., work team server).
+
+**Advantages:**
+
+- Allows for greater control over your own data when running your own server.
+- Allows you to choose whom to trust your data with by choosing between multiple "public" servers.
+- Often allows for third-party clients which can provide a more native, customized, or accessible experience.
+- Server software can be verified that it matches public source code, assuming you have access to the server or you trust the person who does (e.g., a family member).
+
+**Disadvantages:**
+
+- Adding new features is more complex because these features need to be standardized and tested to ensure they work with all servers on the network.
+- Due to the previous point, features can be lacking, or incomplete or working in unexpected ways compared to centralized platforms, such as message relay when offline or message deletion.
+- Some metadata may be available (e.g., information like "who is talking to whom," but not actual message content if E2EE is used).
+- Federated servers generally require trusting your server's administrator. They may be a hobbyist or otherwise not a "security professional," and may not serve standard documents like a privacy policy or terms of service detailing how your data is used.
+- Server administrators sometimes choose to block other servers, which are a source of unmoderated abuse or break general rules of accepted behavior. This will hinder your ability to communicate with members of those servers.
+
+## Peer-to-Peer Networks
+
+![P2P diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-distributed.svg){ align=left }
+
+P2P messengers connect to a [distributed network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_networking) of nodes to relay a message to the recipient without a third-party server.
+
+Clients (peers) usually find each other through the use of a [distributed computing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_computing) network. Examples of this include [Distributed Hash Tables](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_hash_table) (DHT), used by [torrents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent_(protocol)) and [IPFS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InterPlanetary_File_System) for example. Another approach is proximity based networks, where a connection is established over WiFi or Bluetooth (for example, Briar or the [Scuttlebutt](https://www.scuttlebutt.nz) social network protocol).
+
+Once a peer has found a route to its contact via any of these methods, a direct connection between them is made. Although messages are usually encrypted, an observer can still deduce the location and identity of the sender and recipient.
+
+P2P networks do not use servers, as peers communicate directly between each other and hence cannot be self-hosted. However, some additional services may rely on centralized servers, such as user discovery or relaying offline messages, which can benefit from self-hosting.
+
+**Advantages:**
+
+- Minimal information is exposed to third-parties.
+- Modern P2P platforms implement E2EE by default. There are no servers that could potentially intercept and decrypt your transmissions, unlike centralized and federated models.
+
+**Disadvantages:**
+
+- Reduced feature set:
+- Messages can only be sent when both peers are online, however, your client may store messages locally to wait for the contact to return online.
+- Generally increases battery usage on mobile devices, because the client must stay connected to the distributed network to learn about who is online.
+- Some common messenger features may not be implemented or incompletely, such as message deletion.
+- Your IP address and that of the contacts you're communicating with may be exposed if you do not use the software in conjunction with a [VPN](../vpn.md) or [Tor](../tor.md). Many countries have some form of mass surveillance and/or metadata retention.
+
+## Anonymous Routing
+
+![Anonymous routing diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-anonymous-routing.svg){ align=left }
+
+A messenger using [anonymous routing](https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5906-5_628) hides either the identity of the sender, the receiver, or evidence that they have been communicating. Ideally, a messenger should hide all three.
+
+There are [many](https://doi.org/10.1145/3182658) different ways to implement anonymous routing. One of the most famous is [onion routing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onion_routing) (i.e. [Tor](tor-overview.md)), which communicates encrypted messages through a virtual [overlay network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overlay_network) that hides the location of each node as well as the recipient and sender of each message. The sender and recipient never interact directly and only meet through a secret rendezvous node so that there is no leak of IP addresses nor physical location. Nodes cannot decrypt messages, nor the final destination; only the recipient can. Each intermediary node can only decrypt a part that indicates where to send the still encrypted message next, until it arrives at the recipient who can fully decrypt it, hence the "onion layers."
+
+Self-hosting a node in an anonymous routing network does not provide the hoster with additional privacy benefits, but rather contributes to the whole network's resilience against identification attacks for everyone's benefit.
+
+**Advantages:**
+
+- Minimal to no information is exposed to other parties.
+- Messages can be relayed in a decentralized manner even if one of the parties is offline.
+
+**Disadvantages:**
+
+- Slow message propagation.
+- Often limited to fewer media types, mostly text, since the network is slow.
+- Less reliable if nodes are selected by randomized routing, some nodes may be very far from the sender and receiver, adding latency or even failing to transmit messages if one of the nodes goes offline.
+- More complex to get started, as the creation and secured backup of a cryptographic private key is required.
+- Just like other decentralized platforms, adding features is more complex for developers than on a centralized platform. Hence, features may be lacking or incompletely implemented, such as offline message relaying or message deletion.
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/i18n/ar/advanced/dns-overview.md
+++ b/i18n/ar/advanced/dns-overview.md
@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+---
+title: "DNS Overview"
+icon: material/dns
+---
+
+The [Domain Name System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System) is the 'phonebook of the Internet'. DNS translates domain names to IP addresses so browsers and other services can load Internet resources, through a decentralized network of servers.
+
+## What is DNS?
+
+When you visit a website, a numerical address is returned. For example, when you visit `privacyguides.org`, the address `192.98.54.105` is returned.
+
+DNS has existed since the [early days](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System#History) of the Internet. DNS requests made to and from DNS servers are **not** generally encrypted. In a residential setting, a customer is given servers by the ISP via [DHCP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_Host_Configuration_Protocol).
+
+Unencrypted DNS requests are able to be easily **surveilled** and **modified** in transit. In some parts of the world, ISPs are ordered to do primitive [DNS filtering](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_blocking). When you request the IP address of a domain that is blocked, the server may not respond or may respond with a different IP address. As the DNS protocol is not encrypted, the ISP (or any network operator) can use [DPI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_packet_inspection) to monitor requests. ISPs can also block requests based on common characteristics, regardless of which DNS server is used. Unencrypted DNS always uses [port](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_(computer_networking)) 53 and always uses UDP.
+
+Below, we discuss and provide a tutorial to prove what an outside observer may see using regular unencrypted DNS and [encrypted DNS](#what-is-encrypted-dns).
+
+### Unencrypted DNS
+
+1. Using [`tshark`](https://www.wireshark.org/docs/man-pages/tshark.html) (part of the [Wireshark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireshark) project) we can monitor and record internet packet flow. This command records packets that meet the rules specified:
+
+    ```bash
+    tshark -w /tmp/dns.pcap udp port 53 and host 1.1.1.1 or host 8.8.8.8
+    ```
+
+2. We can then use [`dig`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dig_(command)) (Linux, MacOS etc) or [`nslookup`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nslookup) (Windows) to send the DNS lookup to both servers. Software such as web browsers do these lookups automatically, unless they are configured to use encrypted DNS.
+
+    === "Linux, macOS"
+
+        ```
+        dig +noall +answer privacyguides.org @1.1.1.1
+        dig +noall +answer privacyguides.org @8.8.8.8
+        ```
+    === "Windows"
+
+        ```
+        nslookup privacyguides.org 1.1.1.1
+        nslookup privacyguides.org 8.8.8.8
+        ```
+
+3. Next, we want to [analyse](https://www.wireshark.org/docs/wsug_html_chunked/ChapterIntroduction.html#ChIntroWhatIs) the results:
+
+    === "Wireshark"
+
+        ```
+        wireshark -r /tmp/dns.pcap
+        ```
+
+    === "tshark"
+
+        ```
+        tshark -r /tmp/dns.pcap
+        ```
+
+If you run the Wireshark command above, the top pane shows the "[frames](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_frame)", and the bottom pane shows all the data about the selected frame. Enterprise filtering and monitoring solutions (such as those purchased by governments) can do the process automatically, without human interaction, and can aggregate those frames to produce statistical data useful to the network observer.
+
+| No. | Time     | Source    | Destination | Protocol | Length | Info                                                                   |
+| --- | -------- | --------- | ----------- | -------- | ------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| 1   | 0.000000 | 192.0.2.1 | 1.1.1.1     | DNS      | 104    | Standard query 0x58ba A privacyguides.org OPT                          |
+| 2   | 0.293395 | 1.1.1.1   | 192.0.2.1   | DNS      | 108    | Standard query response 0x58ba A privacyguides.org A 198.98.54.105 OPT |
+| 3   | 1.682109 | 192.0.2.1 | 8.8.8.8     | DNS      | 104    | Standard query 0xf1a9 A privacyguides.org OPT                          |
+| 4   | 2.154698 | 8.8.8.8   | 192.0.2.1   | DNS      | 108    | Standard query response 0xf1a9 A privacyguides.org A 198.98.54.105 OPT |
+
+An observer could modify any of these packets.
+
+## What is "encrypted DNS"?
+
+Encrypted DNS can refer to one of a number of protocols, the most common ones being:
+
+### DNSCrypt
+
+[**DNSCrypt**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNSCrypt) was one of the first methods of encrypting DNS queries. DNSCrypt operates on port 443 and works with both the TCP or UDP transport protocols. DNSCrypt has never been submitted to the [Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force) nor has it gone through the [Request for Comments (RFC)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Request_for_Comments) process, so it has not been used widely outside of a few [implementations](https://dnscrypt.info/implementations). As a result, it has been largely replaced by the more popular [DNS over HTTPS](#dns-over-https-doh).
+
+### DNS over TLS (DoT)
+
+[**DNS over TLS**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_over_TLS) is another method for encrypting DNS communication that is defined in [RFC 7858](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7858). Support was first implemented in Android 9, iOS 14, and on Linux in [systemd-resolved](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/resolved.conf.html#DNSOverTLS=) in version 237. Preference in the industry has been moving away from DoT to DoH in recent years, as DoT is a [complex protocol](https://dnscrypt.info/faq/) and has varying compliance to the RFC across the implementations that exist. DoT also operates on a dedicated port 853 which can be blocked easily by restrictive firewalls.
+
+### DNS over HTTPS (DoH)
+
+[**DNS over HTTPS**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_over_HTTPS) as defined in [RFC 8484](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8484) packages queries in the [HTTP/2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP/2) protocol and provides security with HTTPS. Support was first added in web browsers such as Firefox 60 and Chrome 83.
+
+Native implementation of DoH showed up in iOS 14, macOS 11, Microsoft Windows, and Android 13 (however, it won't be enabled [by default](https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/packages/modules/DnsResolver/+/1833144)). General Linux desktop support is waiting on the systemd [implementation](https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/8639) so [installing third-party software is still required](../dns.md#encrypted-dns-proxies).
+
+## What can an outside party see?
+
+In this example we will record what happens when we make a DoH request:
+
+1. First, start `tshark`:
+
+    ```bash
+    tshark -w /tmp/dns_doh.pcap -f "tcp port https and host 1.1.1.1"
+    ```
+
+2. Second, make a request with `curl`:
+
+    ```bash
+    curl -vI --doh-url https://1.1.1.1/dns-query https://privacyguides.org
+    ```
+
+3. After making the request, we can stop the packet capture with <kbd>CTRL</kbd> + <kbd>C</kbd>.
+
+4. Analyse the results in Wireshark:
+
+    ```bash
+    wireshark -r /tmp/dns_doh.pcap
+    ```
+
+We can see the [connection establishment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol#Connection_establishment) and [TLS handshake](https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/ssl/what-happens-in-a-tls-handshake/) that occurs with any encrypted connection. When looking at the "application data" packets that follow, none of them contain the domain we requested or the IP address returned.
+
+## Why **shouldn't** I use encrypted DNS?
+
+In locations where there is internet filtering (or censorship), visiting forbidden resources may have its own consequences which you should consider in your [threat model](../basics/threat-modeling.md). We do **not** suggest the use of encrypted DNS for this purpose. Use [Tor](https://torproject.org) or a [VPN](../vpn.md) instead. If you're using a VPN, you should use your VPN's DNS servers. When using a VPN, you are already trusting them with all your network activity.
+
+When we do a DNS lookup, it's generally because we want to access a resource. Below, we will discuss some of the methods that may disclose your browsing activities even when using encrypted DNS:
+
+### IP Address
+
+The simplest way to determine browsing activity might be to look at the IP addresses your devices are accessing. For example, if the observer knows that `privacyguides.org` is at `198.98.54.105`, and your device is requesting data from `198.98.54.105`, there is a good chance you're visiting Privacy Guides.
+
+This method is only useful when the IP address belongs to a server that only hosts few websites. It's also not very useful if the site is hosted on a shared platform (e.g. Github Pages, Cloudflare Pages, Netlify, WordPress, Blogger, etc). It also isn't very useful if the server is hosted behind a [reverse proxy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_proxy), which is very common on the modern Internet.
+
+### Server Name Indication (SNI)
+
+Server Name Indication is typically used when a IP address hosts many websites. This could be a service like Cloudflare, or some other [Denial-of-service attack](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack) protection.
+
+1. Start capturing again with `tshark`. We've added a filter with our IP address so you don't capture many packets:
+
+    ```bash
+    tshark -w /tmp/pg.pcap port 443 and host 198.98.54.105
+    ```
+
+2. Then we visit [https://privacyguides.org](https://privacyguides.org).
+
+3. After visiting the website, we want to stop the packet capture with <kbd>CTRL</kbd> + <kbd>C</kbd>.
+
+4. Next we want to analyze the results:
+
+    ```bash
+    wireshark -r /tmp/pg.pcap
+    ```
+
+    We will see the connection establishment, followed by the TLS handshake for the Privacy Guides website. Around frame 5. you'll see a "Client Hello".
+
+5. Expand the triangle &#9656; next to each field:
+
+    ```text
+    ▸ Transport Layer Security
+      ▸ TLSv1.3 Record Layer: Handshake Protocol: Client Hello
+        ▸ Handshake Protocol: Client Hello
+          ▸ Extension: server_name (len=22)
+            ▸ Server Name Indication extension
+    ```
+
+6. We can see the SNI value which discloses the website we are visiting. The `tshark` command can give you the value directly for all packets containing a SNI value:
+
+    ```bash
+    tshark -r /tmp/pg.pcap -Tfields -Y tls.handshake.extensions_server_name -e tls.handshake.extensions_server_name
+    ```
+
+This means even if we are using "Encrypted DNS" servers, the domain will likely be disclosed through SNI. The [TLS v1.3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security#TLS_1.3) protocol brings with it [Encrypted Client Hello](https://blog.cloudflare.com/encrypted-client-hello/), which prevents this kind of leak.
+
+Governments, in particular [China](https://www.zdnet.com/article/china-is-now-blocking-all-encrypted-https-traffic-using-tls-1-3-and-esni/) and [Russia](https://www.zdnet.com/article/russia-wants-to-ban-the-use-of-secure-protocols-such-as-tls-1-3-doh-dot-esni/), have either already [started blocking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_Name_Indication#Encrypted_Client_Hello) it or expressed a desire to do so. Recently, Russia has [started blocking foreign websites](https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/108) that use the [HTTP/3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP/3) standard. This is because the [QUIC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QUIC) protocol that is a part of HTTP/3 requires that `ClientHello` also be encrypted.
+
+### Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP)
+
+Another way your browser can disclose your browsing activities is with the [Online Certificate Status Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Certificate_Status_Protocol). When visiting an HTTPS website, the browser might check to see if the website's [certificate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_certificate) has been revoked. This is generally done through the HTTP protocol, meaning it is **not** encrypted.
+
+The OCSP request contains the certificate "[serial number](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_certificate#Common_fields)", which is unique. It is sent to the "OCSP responder" in order to check its status.
+
+We can simulate what a browser would do using the [`openssl`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSSL) command.
+
+1. Get the server certificate and use [`sed`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sed) to keep just the important part and write it out to a file:
+
+    ```bash
+    openssl s_client -connect privacyguides.org:443 < /dev/null 2>&1 |
+        sed -n '/^-*BEGIN/,/^-*END/p' > /tmp/pg_server.cert
+    ```
+
+2. Get the intermediate certificate. [Certificate Authorities (CA)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_authority) normally don't sign a certificate directly; they use what is known as an "intermediate" certificate.
+
+    ```bash
+    openssl s_client -showcerts -connect privacyguides.org:443 < /dev/null 2>&1 |
+        sed -n '/^-*BEGIN/,/^-*END/p' > /tmp/pg_and_intermediate.cert
+    ```
+
+3. The first certificate in `pg_and_intermediate.cert` is actually the server certificate from step 1. We can use `sed` again to delete until the first instance of END:
+
+    ```bash
+    sed -n '/^-*END CERTIFICATE-*$/!d;:a n;p;ba' \
+        /tmp/pg_and_intermediate.cert > /tmp/intermediate_chain.cert
+    ```
+
+4. Get the OCSP responder for the server certificate:
+
+    ```bash
+    openssl x509 -noout -ocsp_uri -in /tmp/pg_server.cert
+    ```
+
+    Our certificate shows the Lets Encrypt certificate responder. If we want to see all the details of the certificate we can use:
+
+    ```bash
+    openssl x509 -text -noout -in /tmp/pg_server.cert
+    ```
+
+5. Start the packet capture:
+
+    ```bash
+    tshark -w /tmp/pg_ocsp.pcap -f "tcp port http"
+    ```
+
+6. Make the OCSP request:
+
+    ```bash
+    openssl ocsp -issuer /tmp/intermediate_chain.cert \
+                 -cert /tmp/pg_server.cert \
+                 -text \
+                 -url http://r3.o.lencr.org
+    ```
+
+7. Open the capture:
+
+    ```bash
+    wireshark -r /tmp/pg_ocsp.pcap
+    ```
+
+    There will be two packets with the "OCSP" protocol: a "Request" and a "Response". For the "Request" we can see the "serial number" by expanding the triangle &#9656; next to each field:
+
+    ```bash
+    ▸ Online Certificate Status Protocol
+      ▸ tbsRequest
+        ▸ requestList: 1 item
+          ▸ Request
+            ▸ reqCert
+              serialNumber
+    ```
+
+    For the "Response" we can also see the "serial number":
+
+    ```bash
+    ▸ Online Certificate Status Protocol
+      ▸ responseBytes
+        ▸ BasicOCSPResponse
+          ▸ tbsResponseData
+            ▸ responses: 1 item
+              ▸ SingleResponse
+                ▸ certID
+                  serialNumber
+    ```
+
+8. Or use `tshark` to filter the packets for the Serial Number:
+
+    ```bash
+    tshark -r /tmp/pg_ocsp.pcap -Tfields -Y ocsp.serialNumber -e ocsp.serialNumber
+    ```
+
+If the network observer has the public certificate, which is publicly available, they can match the serial number with that certificate and therefore determine the site you're visiting from that. The process can be automated and can associate IP addresses with serial numbers. It is also possible to check [Certificate Transparency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_Transparency) logs for the serial number.
+
+## Should I use encrypted DNS?
+
+We made this flow chart to describe when you *should* use encrypted DNS:
+
+``` mermaid
+graph TB
+    Start[Start] --> anonymous{Trying to be<br> anonymous?}
+    anonymous--> | Yes | tor(Use Tor)
+    anonymous --> | No | censorship{Avoiding<br> censorship?}
+    censorship --> | Yes | vpnOrTor(Use<br> VPN or Tor)
+    censorship --> | No | privacy{Want privacy<br> from ISP?}
+    privacy --> | Yes | vpnOrTor
+    privacy --> | No | obnoxious{ISP makes<br> obnoxious<br> redirects?}
+    obnoxious --> | Yes | encryptedDNS(Use<br> encrypted DNS<br> with 3rd party)
+    obnoxious --> | No | ispDNS{Does ISP support<br> encrypted DNS?}
+    ispDNS --> | Yes | useISP(Use<br> encrypted DNS<br> with ISP)
+    ispDNS --> | No | nothing(Do nothing)
+```
+
+Encrypted DNS with a third-party should only be used to get around redirects and basic [DNS blocking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_blocking) when you can be sure there won't be any consequences or you're interested in a provider that does some rudimentary filtering.
+
+[List of recommended DNS servers](../dns.md ""){.md-button}
+
+## What is DNSSEC?
+
+[Domain Name System Security Extensions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System_Security_Extensions) (DNSSEC) is a feature of DNS that authenticates responses to domain name lookups. It does not provide privacy protections for those lookups, but rather prevents attackers from manipulating or poisoning the responses to DNS requests.
+
+In other words, DNSSEC digitally signs data to help ensure its validity. In order to ensure a secure lookup, the signing occurs at every level in the DNS lookup process. As a result, all answers from DNS can be trusted.
+
+The DNSSEC signing process is similar to someone signing a legal document with a pen; that person signs with a unique signature that no one else can create, and a court expert can look at that signature and verify that the document was signed by that person. These digital signatures ensure that data has not been tampered with.
+
+DNSSEC implements a hierarchical digital signing policy across all layers of DNS. For example, in the case of a `privacyguides.org` lookup, a root DNS server would sign a key for the `.org` nameserver, and the `.org` nameserver would then sign a key for `privacyguides.org`’s authoritative nameserver.
+
+<small>Adapted from [DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC) overview](https://cloud.google.com/dns/docs/dnssec) by Google and [DNSSEC: An Introduction](https://blog.cloudflare.com/dnssec-an-introduction/) by Cloudflare, both licensed under [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).</small>
+
+## What is QNAME minimization?
+
+A QNAME is a "qualified name", for example `privacyguides.org`. QNAME minimisation reduces the amount of information sent from the DNS server to the [authoritative name server](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_server#Authoritative_name_server).
+
+Instead of sending the whole domain `privacyguides.org`, QNAME minimization means the DNS server will ask for all the records that end in `.org`. Further technical description is defined in [RFC 7816](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7816).
+
+## What is EDNS Client Subnet (ECS)?
+
+The [EDNS Client Subnet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDNS_Client_Subnet) is a method for a recursive DNS resolver to specify a [subnetwork](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subnetwork) for the [host or client](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client_(computing)) which is making the DNS query.
+
+It's intended to "speed up" delivery of data by giving the client an answer that belongs to a server that is close to them such as a [content delivery network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_delivery_network), which are often used in video streaming and serving JavaScript web apps.
+
+This feature does come at a privacy cost, as it tells the DNS server some information about the client's location.
+
+--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.ar.txt"
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Jonah Aragon	65db9d3fee	Revert some changes from `cc69609` (#2073 )	2023-03-06 13:49:03 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	f3f092d1a3	Add breadcrumb metadata (#2072 )	2023-03-05 14:52:02 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	35c95c029c	Improve our About page (#2071 )	2023-03-03 12:18:38 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	7fb07925ec	SEO fixes (#2070 )	2023-03-03 09:27:46 -06:00
Daniel Gray	dc4199d7c4	Expand Permissions on Android (#2030 )	2023-03-03 19:15:48 +10:30
Jonah Aragon	fda35b5f70	Use logo for social card (#2069 )	2023-03-02 14:24:16 -06:00
Crowdin Bot	9e16a63caa	New Crowdin translations by GitHub Action (#2065 )	2023-03-03 04:05:27 +10:30
Jonah Aragon	47377df8da	Fix external resource errors (#2066 )	2023-03-02 11:01:48 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	28c576110c	Enable social card generation (#2068 )	2023-03-01 21:28:32 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	d63dc04aff	Enable asset optimization (#2061 )	2023-03-01 13:05:14 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	e336699480	Use flag for language selector icon (#2062 )	2023-03-01 13:04:52 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	aaec10b83e	Remove mkdocs.en.yml from Crowdin (#2064 )	2023-03-01 12:54:19 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	9cbebf239b	Fix #1930 (#2060 )	2023-03-01 08:59:44 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	97350b6245	GitHub Pages fix	2023-03-01 07:56:07 -06:00
Privacy Guides [bot]	f0621e257b	New Crowdin Translations (#2058 ) Co-authored-by: Crowdin Bot <support+bot@crowdin.com>	2023-03-01 07:16:04 +01:00
Crowdin Bot	1ac4dd75c7	Download Translations from Crowdin (#2054 )	2023-02-28 21:12:51 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	4c8cd3f295	Stop using i18n plugin (#2054 )	2023-02-28 20:11:33 -06:00
samsepi0l	bfaba1cd11	Add biometrics note (#2055 ) Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>	2023-03-01 12:38:44 +10:30
Jonah Aragon	66efe4a27f	Adjust mobile width issues (#2051 )	2023-02-28 08:43:33 -06:00
Daniel Gray	657e977074	F-Droid consistency (#2052 )	2023-02-28 20:56:30 +10:30
Jonah Aragon	f516235dd4	Handle standard language codes properly (#2050 )	2023-02-27 21:52:36 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	cc696093ce	Add abbreviations to Crowdin (#2049 )	2023-02-27 18:56:23 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	4da25bc39a	Skip untranslated files	2023-02-27 17:01:31 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	6245ed8581	Update dependencies (#2048 )	2023-02-27 16:27:01 -06:00
Jonah Aragon	d9b9092ac3	Disable translation uploads	2023-02-27 14:14:51 -06:00