Berikut ini adalah peramban web komputer yang kami rekomendasikan saat ini beserta dengan konfigurasi untuk penjelajahan standar/nonanonim. Kami merekomendasikan [Mullvad Browser](#mullvad-browser) jika Anda berfokus pada perlindungan privasi yang kuat dan anti-fingerprinting otomatis, [Firefox](#firefox) bagi para penjelajah internet biasa yang mencari alternatif baik untuk Google Chrome, dan [Brave](#brave) jika Anda membutuhkan kompabilitas browser Chromium.
Jika Anda perlu menjelajah internet secara anonim, Anda sebaiknya menggunakan [Tor](tor.md) saja. Kami memberikan beberapa rekomendasi konfigurasi di halaman ini, tetapi semua browser selain Tor Browser akan dapat dilacak oleh * seseorang* dengan suatu cara.
**Mullvad Browser** adalah versi dari [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) dengan integrasi jaringan Tor yang telah dihilangkan. Mullvad Browser bertujuan untuk menyediakan teknologi peramban anti-fingerprinting yang ada di Peramban Tor kepada pengguna VPN. It is developed by the Tor Project and distributed by [Mullvad](vpn.md#mullvad), and does **not** require the use of Mullvad's VPN.
Seperti [Tor Browser](tor.md), Mullvad Browser dirancang untuk mencegah fingerprinting dengan membuat fingerprint di browser Anda identik dengan semua pengguna Mullvad Browser lainnya, serta mencakup pengaturan default dan ekstensi yang secara otomatis dikonfigurasi oleh tingkat keamanan default seperti: *Standar*, *Lebih Aman* dan *Paling Aman*. Therefore, it is imperative that you do not modify the browser at all outside adjusting the default [security levels](https://tb-manual.torproject.org/security-settings). Melakukan modifikasi akan membuat fingerprint pada browser ini menjadi unik, sehingga mengubah tujuan penggunaan dari browser ini. Jika Anda ingin merubah pengaturan browser Anda dengan sesuai dengan keinginan Anda dan fingerprint bukan menjadi masalah bagi Anda, kami sarankan untuk menggunakan [Firefox](#firefox) sebagai gantinya.
**Tanpa** menggunakan [VPN](vpn.md), Mullvad Browser memberikan perlindungan yang sama terhadap [skrip pencocokan fingerprint](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.3-Overrides-%5BTo-RFP-or-Not%5D#-fingerprinting) seperti browser pribadi lainnya seperti Firefox+[Arkenfox](#arkenfox-advanced) atau [Brave](#brave). Mullvad Browser menyediakan perlindungan tersebut secara bawaan, dengan mengorbankan sedikit fleksibilitas dan kenyamanan yang dapat diberikan oleh browser pribadi lainnya.
==Untuk perlindungan anti-fingerprinting yang paling kuat, kami sarankan untuk menggunakan Mullvad Browser bersama **dengan** VPN==, baik itu Mullvad atau penyedia VPN lain yang direkomendasikan. Saat menggunakan VPN dengan Mullvad Browser, Anda akan berbagi fingerprint dan alamat IP dengan pengguna lain, memberikan Anda "kerumunan" untuk berbaur. Strategi ini merupakan satu-satunya cara untuk menggagalkan skrip pelacakan tingkat lanjut, dan merupakan teknik anti-fingerprinting yang sama dengan yang digunakan oleh Tor Browser.
Perlu dicatat bahwa meskipun Anda dapat menggunakan Mullvad Browser dengan penyedia VPN mana pun, orang lain dalam VPN tersebut juga harus menggunakan Mullvad Browser agar "kerumunan" ini terbentuk, hal ini lebih mungkin terjadi pada Mullvad VPN dibandingkan dengan penyedia lainnya, terutama menjelang peluncuran Mullvad Browser. Mullvad Browser tidak memiliki konektivitas VPN bawaan, dan juga tidak memeriksa apakah Anda menggunakan VPN sebelum menjelajah; koneksi VPN Anda harus dikonfigurasikan dan dikelola secara terpisah.
Mullvad Browser hadir dengan *uBlock Origin* dan *NoScript* ekstensi browser yang sudah terpasang. Meskipun biasanya kami [tidak merekomendasikan](#extensions) menambahkan ekstensi browser *tambahan*, ekstensi-ekstensi yang telah terpasang dengan browser ini sebaiknya **tidak** dihapus atau dikonfigurasi di luar nilai-nilai defaultnya. Karena jika dilakukan, hal tersebut akan membuat fingerprint browser Anda berbeda secara mencolok dari pengguna Mullvad Browser lainnya. Browser ini juga telah terpasang dengan Ekstensi Mullvad Browser, yang *dapat* dihapus dengan aman tanpa mempengaruhi sidik jari peramban Anda jika Anda menginginkannya, tetapi juga aman untuk tetap dipertahankan bahkan jika Anda tidak menggunakan Mullvad VPN.
Mullvad Browser beroperasi dalam mode penjelajahan pribadi permanen, yang mana riwayat, cookies, dan data situs lainnya akan selalu dihapus setiap kali browser ditutup. Bookmark, pengaturan browser, dan pengaturan ekstensi Anda akan tetap dipertahankan.
Hal ini diperlukan untuk mencegah bentuk pelacakan tingkat lanjut, tetapi harus mengorbankan kenyamanan dan beberapa fitur Firefox seperti Multi-Account Containers. Ingatlah bahwa Anda selalu dapat menggunakan beberapa browser lain. Misalnya Anda dapat mempertimbangkan untuk menggunakan Firefox+Arkenfox untuk beberapa situs yang ingin Anda tetap masuk atau yang tidak berfungsi dengan baik di Mullvad Browser. Lalu menggunakan Mullvad Browser untuk penjelajahan umum.
Mullvad Browser hadir dengan DuckDuckGo yang ditetapkan sebagai [mesin pencari](search-engines.md) bawaan, tetapi juga sudah terinstal dengan **Mullvad Leta**, mesin pencari yang membutuhkan langganan Mullvad VPN yang aktif untuk dapat mengaksesnya. Mullvad Leta menggunakan API pencarian berbayar Google secara langsung (itulah sebabnya mengapa terbatas pada pelanggan berbayar), namun karena keterbatasan ini, Mullvad dapat menghubungkan pencarian dan akun VPN Mullvad. Karena alasan ini kami tidak menyarankan penggunaan Mullvad Leta, meskipun Mullvad mengumpulkan sangat sedikit informasi tentang pelanggan VPN mereka.
**Firefox** menyediakan pengaturan privasi yang kuat seperti [Perlindungan Pelacakan yang Ditingkatkan](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/enhanced-tracking-protection-firefox-desktop), yang dapat membantu memblokir berbagai [jenis pelacakan](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/enhanced-tracking-protection-firefox-desktop#w_what-enhanced-tracking-protection-blocks).
Firefox includes a unique [download token](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1677497#c0) in downloads from Mozilla's website and uses telemetry in Firefox to send the token. The token is **not** included in releases from the [Mozilla FTP](https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases).
These options can be found in :material-menu: → **Settings**
#### Search
- [ ] Uncheck **Provide search suggestions**
Search suggestion features may not be available in your region.
Search suggestions send everything you type in the address bar to the default search engine, regardless of whether you submit an actual search. Disabling search suggestions allows you to more precisely control what data you send to your search engine provider.
This protects you by blocking social media trackers, fingerprinting scripts (note that this does not protect you from *all* fingerprinting), cryptominers, cross-site tracking cookies, and some other tracking content. ETP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to have minimal to no impact on site usability.
[Firefox Suggest](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/firefox-suggest) is a feature similar to search suggestions which is only available in the US. We recommend disabling it for the same reason we recommend disabling search suggestions. If you don't see these options under the **Address Bar** header, you do not have the new experience and can ignore these changes.
If you want to stay logged in to particular sites, you can allow exceptions in **Cookies and Site Data** → **Manage Exceptions...**
- [x] Check **Delete cookies and site data when Firefox is closed**
This protects you from persistent cookies, but does not protect you against cookies acquired during any one browsing session. When this is enabled, it becomes possible to easily cleanse your browser cookies by simply restarting Firefox. You can set exceptions on a per-site basis, if you wish to stay logged in to a particular site you visit often.
##### Telemetry
- [ ] Uncheck **Allow Firefox to send technical and interaction data to Mozilla**
- [ ] Uncheck **Allow Firefox to install and run studies**
- [ ] Uncheck **Allow Firefox to send backlogged crash reports on your behalf**
> Firefox sends data about your Firefox version and language; device operating system and hardware configuration; memory, basic information about crashes and errors; outcome of automated processes like updates, safebrowsing, and activation to us. When Firefox sends data to us, your IP address is temporarily collected as part of our server logs.
Additionally, the Firefox Accounts service collects [some technical data](https://mozilla.org/privacy/firefox/#firefox-accounts). If you use a Firefox Account you can opt-out:
- [x] Select **Enable HTTPS-Only Mode in all windows**
This prevents you from unintentionally connecting to a website in plain-text HTTP. Sites without HTTPS are uncommon nowadays, so this should have little to no impact on your day to day browsing.
- [x] Select **Max Protection** and choose a suitable provider
Max Protection enforces the use of DNS over HTTPS, and a security warning will show if Firefox can’t connect to your secure DNS resolver, or if your secure DNS resolver says that records for the domain you are trying to access do not exist. This stops the network you're connected to from secretly downgrading your DNS security.
[Firefox Sync](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/11/firefox-sync-privacy) allows your browsing data (history, bookmarks, etc.) to be accessible on all your devices and protects it with E2EE.
[Mullvad Browser](#mullvad-browser) provides the same anti-fingerprinting protections as Arkenfox out of the box, and does not require the use of Mullvad's VPN to benefit from these protections. Coupled with a VPN, Mullvad Browser can thwart more advanced tracking scripts which Arkenfox cannot. Arkenfox still has the advantage of being much more flexible, and allowing per-site exceptions for websites which you need to stay logged in to.
The [Arkenfox project](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js) provides a set of carefully considered options for Firefox. If you [decide](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/1.1-To-Arkenfox-or-Not) to use Arkenfox, a [few options](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.2-Overrides-[Common]) are subjectively strict and/or may cause some websites to not work properly - [which you can easily change](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.1-Overrides) to suit your needs. We **strongly recommend** reading through their full [wiki](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki). Arkenfox also enables [container](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/containers#w_for-advanced-users) support.
Arkenfox only aims to thwart basic or naive tracking scripts through canvas randomization and Firefox's built-in fingerprint resistance configuration settings. It does not aim to make your browser blend in with a large crowd of other Arkenfox users in the same way Mullvad Browser or Tor Browser do, which is the only way to thwart advanced fingerprint tracking scripts. Remember you can always use multiple browsers, for example, you could consider using Firefox+Arkenfox for a few sites that you want to stay logged in on or otherwise trust, and Mullvad Browser for general browsing.
**Brave Browser** includes a built-in content blocker and [privacy features](https://brave.com/privacy-features), many of which are enabled by default.
**pengguna macOS:** Unduhan untuk Brave Browser dari situs web resmi mereka adalah penginstal `.pkg` yang membutuhkan hak akses admin untuk menjalankannya (dan mungkin menjalankan skrip lain yang tidak perlu di komputer Anda). Sebagai alternatif, Anda bisa mengunduh file `Brave-Browser-universal.dmg` terbaru dari laman [rilis GitHub](https://github.com/brave/brave-browser/releases/latest), yang menyediakan instalasi "seret ke folder Aplikasi".
Brave menambahkan "[kode rujukan](https://github.com/brave/brave-browser/wiki/Brave%E2%80%99s-Use-of-Referral-Codes)" pada nama berkas dalam unduhan dari situs web Brave, yang digunakan untuk melacak dari sumber mana peramban tersebut diunduh, misalnya `BRV002` dalam unduhan yang bernama `Brave-Browser-BRV002.pkg`. Penginstal kemudian akan melakukan ping ke server Brave dengan kode rujukan di akhir proses instalasi. Jika Anda khawatir tentang hal ini, Anda dapat mengganti nama berkas penginstal sebelum membukanya.
Brave includes some anti-fingerprinting measures in its [Shields](https://support.brave.com/hc/articles/360022973471-What-is-Shields) feature. We suggest configuring these options [globally](https://support.brave.com/hc/articles/360023646212-How-do-I-configure-global-and-site-specific-Shields-settings) across all pages that you visit.
Brave allows you to select additional content filters within the internal `brave://adblock` page. We advise against using this feature; instead, keep the default filter lists. Using extra lists will make you stand out from other Brave users and may also increase attack surface if there is an exploit in Brave and a malicious rule is added to one of the lists you use.
1. This option provides functionality similar to uBlock Origin's advanced [blocking modes](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Blocking-mode) or the [NoScript](https://noscript.net) extension.
2. If you wish to stay logged in to a particular site you visit often, you can set exceptions on a per-site basis by clicking on the Shield icon in the address bar.
1. Brave is **not** as resistant to fingerprinting as the Tor Browser and far fewer people use Brave with Tor, so you will stand out. Where [strong anonymity is required](https://support.brave.com/hc/articles/360018121491-What-is-a-Private-Window-with-Tor-Connectivity) use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser).
- [x] In the *Sites and Shields Settings* menu, under Content, after clicking on the *On-device site data* menu, select **Delete data sites have saved to your device when you close all windows**
If you wish to stay logged in to a particular site you visit often, you can set exceptions on a per-site basis under the *Customized behaviors* section.
[Brave Sync](https://support.brave.com/hc/articles/360059793111-Understanding-Brave-Sync) allows your browsing data (history, bookmarks, etc.) to be accessible on all your devices without requiring an account and protects it with E2EE.
**Brave Rewards** lets you recieve Basic Attention Token (BAT) cryptocurrency for performing certain actions within Brave. It relies on a custodial account and KYC from a select number of providers. We do not recommend BAT as a [private cryptocurrency](cryptocurrency.md), nor do we recommend using a [custodial wallet](advanced/payments.md#other-coins-bitcoin-ethereum-etc), so we would discourage using this feature.
**Brave Wallet** operates locally on your computer, but does not support any private cryptocurrencies, so we would discourage using this feature as well.
Secara umum, kami menyarankan untuk menjaga ekstensi seminimal mungkin; ekstensi memiliki akses istimewa di dalam peramban Anda, mengharuskan Anda untuk mempercayai pengembangnya, dapat membuat Anda [lebih menonjol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_fingerprint#Browser_fingerprint), dan [melemahkan](https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/g/chromium-extensions/c/0ei-UCHNm34/m/lDaXwQhzBAAJ) isolasi situs. Namun, uBlock Origin mungkin berguna jika Anda menghargai fungsionalitas pemblokiran konten.
Kami sarankan untuk mengikuti [dokumentasi pengembang](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Blocking-mode) dan memilih salah satu "mode". Daftar filter tambahan dapat memengaruhi kinerja dan [dapat meningkatkan permukaan serangan](https://portswigger.net/research/ublock-i-exfiltrate-exploiting-ad-blockers-with-css).
Berikut ini adalah beberapa [daftar filter](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Dashboard:-Filter-lists) lainnya yang mungkin Anda ingin pertimbangkan untuk meambahkannya:
uBlock Origin also has a "Lite" version of their extension, which offers a very limited feature-set compared to the original extension. However, it has a few distinct advantages over its full-fledged sibling, so you may want to consider it if...
- ...you don't want to grant full "read/modify website data" permissions to any extensions (even a trusted one like uBlock Origin)
- ...you want a more resource (memory/CPU) efficient content blocker[^1]
- ...your browser only supports Manifest V3 extensions
{ align=right }
**uBlock Origin Lite** is a Manifest V3 compatible content blocker. Compared to the original *uBlock Origin*, this extension does not require broad "read/modify data" permissions to function.
We only recommend this version of uBlock Origin if you never want to make any changes to your filter lists, because it only supports a few pre-selected lists and offers no additional customization options, including the ability to select elements to block manually. These restrictions are due to limitations in Manifest V3's design.
This version offers three levels of blocking: "Basic" works without requiring any special privileges to view and modify site content, while the "Optimal" and "Complete" levels do require that broad permission, but offer a better filtering experience with additional cosmetic rules and scriptlet injections.
If you set the default filtering mode to "Optimal" or "Complete" the extension will request read/modify access to **all** websites you visit. However, you also have the option to change the setting to "Optimal" or "Complete" on a **per-site** basis by adjusting the slider in the extension's pop-up panel on any given site. When you do so, the extension will request read/modify access to that site only. Therefore, if you want to take advantage of uBlock Origin Lite's "permission-less" configuration, you should probably leave the default setting as "Basic" and only adjust it higher on sites where that level is not adequate.
uBlock Origin Lite only receives block list updates whenever the extension is updated from your browser's extension marketplace, as opposed to on demand. This means that you may miss out on new threats being blocked for weeks until a full extension release is published.
**Harap diperhatikan bahwa kami tidak berafiliasi dengan proyek-proyek yang kami rekomendasikan.** Selain [kriteria standar kami](about/criteria.md), kami telah mengembangkan serangkaian persyaratan yang jelas untuk memungkinkan kami memberikan rekomendasi yang objektif. Kami sarankan Anda membiasakan diri dengan daftar ini sebelum memilih untuk menggunakan sebuah proyek, dan melakukan penelitian sendiri untuk memastikan bahwa itu adalah pilihan yang tepat untuk Anda.
Kriteria kasus terbaik kami mewakili apa yang ingin kami lihat dari proyek yang sempurna dalam kategori ini. Rekomendasi kami mungkin tidak menyertakan salah satu atau semua fungsi ini, tetapi rekomendasi yang menyertakan fungsi ini mungkin memiliki peringkat yang lebih tinggi daripada yang lain di halaman ini.
- Supports Progressive Web Apps. PWAs enable you to install certain websites as if they were native apps on your computer. Hal ini dapat memberikan keuntungan dibandingkan memasang aplikasi berbasis Electron, karena Anda mendapatkan manfaat dari pembaruan keamanan reguler peramban Anda.
[^1]: uBlock Origin Lite *itself* will consume no resources, because it uses newer APIs which make the browser process the filter lists natively, instead of running JavaScript code within the extension to handle the filtering. However, this resource advantage is only [theoretical](https://github.com/uBlockOrigin/uBOL-home/wiki/Frequently-asked-questions-(FAQ)#is-ubol-more-efficient-cpu--and-memory-wise-than-ubo), because it's possible that standard uBlock Origin's filtering code is more efficient than your browser's native filtering code. This has not yet been benchmarked.
[^2]: Brave's implementation is detailed at [Brave Privacy Updates: Partitioning network-state for privacy](https://brave.com/privacy-updates/14-partitioning-network-state).
