fix: Revert #2790

2026-04-30 17:31:19 +00:00 · 2025-03-04 14:14:25 -06:00
128 changed files with 613 additions and 2965 deletions
@@ -460,8 +460,7 @@
      "avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/47955724?v=4",
      "profile": "https://github.com/taivlam",
      "contributions": [
-        "doc",
-        "maintenance"
+        "doc"
      ]
    },
    {
@@ -72,8 +72,6 @@ jobs:
      continue-on-error: false
      privileged: ${{ fromJSON(needs.metadata.outputs.privileged) }}
      strict: true
-    secrets:
-      RO_DISCOURSE_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.RO_DISCOURSE_API_KEY }}

  build_i18n:
    if: ${{ contains(github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'ci:build i18n') }}
@@ -30,9 +30,6 @@ on:
      cache:
        type: boolean
        default: true
-    secrets:
-      RO_DISCOURSE_API_KEY:
-        required: false

 permissions:
  contents: read
@@ -66,7 +63,6 @@ jobs:
      - name: Set Metadata for International Builds
        if: inputs.lang != 'en'
        run: |
-          echo "GITREVISIONDATE=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
          echo "GITAUTHORS=false" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"

      - name: Set Metadata for Offline Mode
@@ -175,31 +171,23 @@ jobs:
          sudo apt install pngquant
          echo "EXTRA_FLAGS=""$EXTRA_FLAGS" --cmd=mkdocs"" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"

-      - name: Generate Donating Members List
-        continue-on-error: true
-        env:
-          DISCOURSE_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.RO_DISCOURSE_API_KEY }}
-        run: |
-          pip install requests
-          python generate-members.py > includes/members.md
-
      - name: Build Website
        run: |
          eval ./run.sh --build --lang=${{ inputs.lang }} "$EXTRA_FLAGS"

-      - name: Run generate-topics.sh for top posts
+      - name: Run index-generation.sh for top posts
        if: inputs.lang == 'en'
        run: |
-          bash generate-topics.sh \
+          bash index-generation.sh \
            --source='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/top.json?period=weekly' \
            --tag="top posts" \
            --destination="./site/en/index.html" \
            --count=3

-      - name: Run generate-topics.sh for latest posts
+      - name: Run index-generation.sh for latest posts
        if: inputs.lang == 'en'
        run: |
-          bash generate-topics.sh \
+          bash index-generation.sh \
            --source='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest.json' \
            --tag="latest posts" \
            --destination="./site/en/index.html" \
@@ -270,14 +258,6 @@ jobs:
          path: site-${{ inputs.config }}-${{ inputs.lang }}.tar.gz
          retention-days: 1

-      - name: Upload members list
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        if: inputs.config == 'build' && inputs.lang == 'en'
-        with:
-          name: members.md
-          path: includes/members.md
-          retention-days: 1
-
  offline_package:
    if: inputs.config == 'offline' && inputs.lang == 'en'
    needs: build
@@ -63,8 +63,6 @@ jobs:
      context: production
      continue-on-error: false
      cache: false
-    secrets:
-      RO_DISCOURSE_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.RO_DISCOURSE_API_KEY }}

  build_blog:
    needs: submodule
@@ -55,17 +55,17 @@ jobs:
          source: /en/index.html
          target: ./site/en/

-      - name: Run generate-topics.sh for top posts
+      - name: Run index-generation.sh for top posts
        run: |
-          bash generate-topics.sh \
+          bash index-generation.sh \
            --source='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/top.json?period=weekly' \
            --tag="top posts" \
            --destination="./site/en/index.html" \
            --count=3

-      - name: Run generate-topics.sh for latest posts
+      - name: Run index-generation.sh for latest posts
        run: |
-          bash generate-topics.sh \
+          bash index-generation.sh \
            --source='https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest.json' \
            --tag="latest posts" \
            --destination="./site/en/index.html" \
@@ -23,6 +23,3 @@ node_modules
 .venv
 .env
 .mkdocs-insiders-*
-
-# Automatically generated
-includes/members.md
@@ -1,22 +1,16 @@
-# Please use this file to correct information in our git log.
-# Format: Proper Name <Proper Email> <Incorrect Email>
-#
-# Privacy Guides Team Members
-# ===========================
 Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org> <dng@disroot.org>
 Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org> <48640805+dngray@users.noreply.github.com>
 Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org> <dngray@privacytools.io>
 Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
-Em <em@privacyguides.org> <194856901+EmAtPrivacyGuides@users.noreply.github.com>
-Freddy <freddy@privacyguides.org> <freddy@decypher.pw>
-Freddy <freddy@privacyguides.org> <freddy@privacytools.io>
-fria <fria@privacyguides.org> <138676274+friadev@users.noreply.github.com>
 Jonah Aragon <jonah@privacyguides.org> <jonah@triplebit.net>
 Jonah Aragon <jonah@privacyguides.org> <jonah@privacytools.io>
 Jonah Aragon <jonah@privacyguides.org> <github@aragon.science>
-Jordan Warne <jordan@privacyguides.org> <jw@omg.lol>
-Justin Ehrenhofer <justin.ehrenhofer@gmail.com> <12520755+SamsungGalaxyPlayer@users.noreply.github.com>
-Mare Polaris <ph00lt0@privacyguides.org> <15004290+ph00lt0@users.noreply.github.com>
+mfwmyfacewhen <mfw@privacyguides.org> <94880365+mfwmyfacewhen@users.noreply.github.com>
+mbananasynergy <mbananasynergy@privacyguides.org> <>
+mbananasynergy <mbananasynergy@privacyguides.org> <107055883+matchboxbananasynergy@users.noreply.github.com>
+rollsicecream <rollsicecream@proton.me> <153316540+rollsicecream@users.noreply.github.com>
+rollsicecream <rollsicecream@proton.me> <waterfallnet@proton.me>
+Freddy <freddy@privacyguides.org> <freddy@decypher.pw>
+Freddy <freddy@privacyguides.org> <freddy@privacytools.io>
 Niek de Wilde <niek@privacyguides.org> <github.ef27z@simplelogin.com>
 Niek de Wilde <niek@privacyguides.org> <blacklight447@privacytools.io>
-redoomed1 <redoomed1@privacyguides.org> <161974310+redoomed1@users.noreply.github.com>
@@ -504,44 +504,3 @@ bsky
 Memoji
 QuickType
 Freeform
-subprocessors
-Schrems
-Subprocessor
-Subprocessors
-Triplebit
-Fediverse
-Safing
-YubiHSM
-ykman
-material-linux
-yubico
-material-microsoft-windows
-HSMauth
-PUK
-TDES
-ModHex
-OATH-TOTPs
-OATH-HOTP
-OATH-HOTPs
-MODHEX
-HMAC-based
-subkeys
-subkey
-keysize
-Keygrip
-tessera
-Corbató
-NordPass
-Syncable
-fontawesome-solid-glasses
-CommonHealth
-Euki
-sympto-thermal
-OsmAnd
-Paaster
-material-check-decagram
-Bluesky
-Codeberg
-simple-codeberg
-simple-reddit
-fontawesome-brands-linkedin
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+COMMA_PARENTHESIS_WHITESPACE
@@ -70,11 +70,3 @@
 {"rule":"DOUBLE_PUNCTUATION","sentence":"^\\QOur contributors should always question the motives behind a source requesting anonymity..\\E$"}
 {"rule":"MORFOLOGIK_RULE_EN_US","sentence":"^\\QIllustration: Em / Privacy Guides | Photo: Edward Eyer / Pexels\\E$"}
 {"rule":"MORFOLOGIK_RULE_EN_US","sentence":"^\\QOn February 7th this year, Joseph Menn reported from the Washington Post that officials in the United Kingdom had contacted Apple to demand the company allows them to access data from any iCloud user worldwide.\\E$"}
-{"rule":"DO_VBZ","sentence":"^\\QDoes Privacy Guides sell my personal information?\\E$"}
-{"rule":"DO_VBZ","sentence":"^\\QDoes Privacy Guides use personal information for marketing purposes?\\E$"}
-{"rule":"DO_VBZ","sentence":"^\\QWhere does Privacy Guides store data about me?\\E$"}
-{"rule":"MORFOLOGIK_RULE_EN_US","sentence":"^\\QPrivacy Guides relies on the European Commission's standard contractual clauses for international transfers(SCCs) to legally transfer personal data out of the European Economic Area.\\E$"}
-{"rule":"MORFOLOGIK_RULE_EN_US","sentence":"^\\QIllustration: Jordan / Privacy Guides | Photo: Gowtham AGM / Unsplash\\E$"}
-{"rule":"MORFOLOGIK_RULE_EN_US","sentence":"^\\QThunder was used specifically because it was difficult for Germans to pronounce, since the English \"th\" sound doesn't exist in German.\\E$"}
-{"rule":"MORFOLOGIK_RULE_EN_US","sentence":"^\\QAllan Scherr, a Ph.D. researcher at MIT, wanted more time for his detailed simulations.\\E$"}
-{"rule":"MORFOLOGIK_RULE_EN_US","sentence":"^\\QYou can test out passkeys at webauthn.io.\\E$"}
@@ -85,8 +85,6 @@
      "ARROWS": "hint",
      "AUXILIARY_DO_WITH_INCORRECT_VERB_FORM": "hint",
      "MISSING_COMMA_AFTER_YEAR": "hint",
-      "DO_VBZ": "hint",
-      "NOUN_AROUND_IT": "hint",
      "default": "error"
    },
    "editor.unicodeHighlight.ambiguousCharacters": true,
@@ -18,34 +18,22 @@
    "default": {
        "babel": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:0c54cffb19f690cdcc52a3b50bcbf71e07a808d1c80d549f2459b9d2cf0afb9d",
-                "sha256:4d0b53093fdfb4b21c92b5213dba5a1b23885afa8383709427046b21c366e5f2"
+                "sha256:368b5b98b37c06b7daf6696391c3240c938b37767d4584413e8438c5c435fa8b",
+                "sha256:d1f3554ca26605fe173f3de0c65f750f5a42f924499bf134de6423582298e316"
            ],
            "markers": "python_version >= '3.8'",
-            "version": "==2.17.0"
-        },
-        "backrefs": {
-            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:2cab642a205ce966af3dd4b38ee36009b31fa9502a35fd61d59ccc116e40a6bd",
-                "sha256:2e1c15e4af0e12e45c8701bd5da0902d326b2e200cafcd25e49d9f06d44bb61b",
-                "sha256:a66851e4533fb5b371aa0628e1fee1af05135616b86140c9d787a2ffdf4b8fdc",
-                "sha256:bbef7169a33811080d67cdf1538c8289f76f0942ff971222a16034da88a73486",
-                "sha256:c67f6638a34a5b8730812f5101376f9d41dc38c43f1fdc35cb54700f6ed4465d",
-                "sha256:e3a63b073867dbefd0536425f43db618578528e3896fb77be7141328642a1585"
-            ],
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.9'",
-            "version": "==5.8"
+            "version": "==2.16.0"
        },
        "cachecontrol": {
            "extras": [
                "filecache"
            ],
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:7d47d19f866409b98ff6025b6a0fca8e4c791fb31abbd95f622093894ce903a2",
-                "sha256:ebad2091bf12d0d200dfc2464330db638c5deb41d546f6d7aca079e87290f3b0"
+                "sha256:7db1195b41c81f8274a7bbd97c956f44e8348265a1bc7641c37dfebc39f0c938",
+                "sha256:f5bf3f0620c38db2e5122c0726bdebb0d16869de966ea6a2befe92470b740ea0"
            ],
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.8'",
-            "version": "==0.14.2"
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
+            "version": "==0.14.0"
        },
        "cairocffi": {
            "hashes": [
@@ -64,11 +52,11 @@
        },
        "certifi": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:3d5da6925056f6f18f119200434a4780a94263f10d1c21d032a6f6b2baa20651",
-                "sha256:ca78db4565a652026a4db2bcdf68f2fb589ea80d0be70e03929ed730746b84fe"
+                "sha256:922820b53db7a7257ffbda3f597266d435245903d80737e34f8a45ff3e3230d8",
+                "sha256:bec941d2aa8195e248a60b31ff9f0558284cf01a52591ceda73ea9afffd69fd9"
            ],
            "markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
-            "version": "==2025.1.31"
+            "version": "==2024.8.30"
        },
        "cffi": {
            "hashes": [
@@ -145,109 +133,122 @@
        },
        "charset-normalizer": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:0167ddc8ab6508fe81860a57dd472b2ef4060e8d378f0cc555707126830f2537",
-                "sha256:01732659ba9b5b873fc117534143e4feefecf3b2078b0a6a2e925271bb6f4cfa",
-                "sha256:01ad647cdd609225c5350561d084b42ddf732f4eeefe6e678765636791e78b9a",
-                "sha256:04432ad9479fa40ec0f387795ddad4437a2b50417c69fa275e212933519ff294",
-                "sha256:0907f11d019260cdc3f94fbdb23ff9125f6b5d1039b76003b5b0ac9d6a6c9d5b",
-                "sha256:0924e81d3d5e70f8126529951dac65c1010cdf117bb75eb02dd12339b57749dd",
-                "sha256:09b26ae6b1abf0d27570633b2b078a2a20419c99d66fb2823173d73f188ce601",
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-                "sha256:e3df4cbb9a450c6d49318f6d14f4bbc80d763fa587ba46ec86f99f9e6876bb26",
-                "sha256:e6439e374fc012255b4ec786ae3c4bc838cd7309a540e5fe0952d03687d8804e",
-                "sha256:e6f0e77c9417e7cd62af82529b10563db3423625c5fce018430b249bf977f9e8",
-                "sha256:e7631a77ffb1f7d2eefa4445ebbee491c720a5661ddf6df3498ebecae5ed375c",
-                "sha256:ef810fbf7b781a5a593894e4f439773830bdecb885e6880d957d5b9382a960d2"
+                "sha256:0f9332243355643d567697c3e3fa07330a1d1abf981611654a1f2bf2175612b7",
+                "sha256:1021223c08ba8d2d38d71ec1704496471ffd7be42cfb26b87cd5059323a389a1",
+                "sha256:108f42a7f0345042a854d4d0ad0834b741d421330d5f575b81cb27b883500176",
+                "sha256:1e9679245e3ea6498494b3028b90c7b25dbb2abe65c7d07423ecfc2d6218ff7c",
+                "sha256:223160bb359281bb8e31c8f1068bf71a6b16a8ad3d9524ca6f523ac666bb6a1e",
+                "sha256:26dd201857d702bdf9d78c273cafcab5871dd29343748524695cecffa44a8d97",
+                "sha256:294b7a598974b8e2c6123d19ef15de9abcd282b0fbbdbc4d23dfa812959a9e05",
+                "sha256:349c9488e1d85d0a58e8cb14222d2c51cbc801ce11ac3936ab4c3af986536926",
+                "sha256:49f4d36cb315c25ea0d946e018c01bb028048023b9e103d3d3943f58e109dd45",
+                "sha256:53a3f10b62c2d569e260f96e8d966463dec1a50fa4f1b22aec69e3f91025060e",
+                "sha256:53adf73dcdc0ef04f7735066b4a57a4cd3e49ef135daae41d77395f0b5b692cb",
+                "sha256:560135542c91eaa74247a2e8430cf83c4342b29e8ad4f520ae14f0c8a19cfb5b",
+                "sha256:720ef9d3a4f9ca575a780af283c8fd3a0674b307651c1976714745090da5a9e8",
+                "sha256:752fb40efc7cc8d88ebc332b8f4bcbe2b5cc7e881bccfeb8e25054c00c994ee3",
+                "sha256:78864cc8f23dbee55be34cc1494632a7ba30263951b5b2e8fc8286b95845f82c",
+                "sha256:85527b882f3facda0579bce9d743ff7f10c3e1e0db0a0d0e28170a7d0e5ce2ea",
+                "sha256:90a67d7857adb1d985aca232cc9905dd5bc4803ed85cfcdcfcf707e52049eda7",
+                "sha256:91b522adc25614cdeaf91f7897800b82c13b4b8ac68a42ca959f992f6990c490",
+                "sha256:9413384f26b5d050b6978e6fcd0c1e7f0539be7a4f1a885061473c5deaa57221",
+                "sha256:94d11b07c64f63f49876e0ab8042ae034674c8653bfcdaa8c4b32e71cfff87e8",
+                "sha256:950f531ec6e03696a2414b6308f5c6ff9dab7821a768c9d5788b1314e9a46ca7",
+                "sha256:a2e8f3f955d68471fa37b0e3add18500790d129cc7efe89971b8a4cc6fdeb0b2",
+                "sha256:ae6deb336cba5d71476caa029ceb6e88047fc1dc74b62b7c4012639c0b563906",
+                "sha256:b8ca4d854adcf480bdfd80f46fdd6fb49f91dd020ae11c89b3a79e19454ec627",
+                "sha256:c66f80ee5b602a9c7ab66e3c9f36026590a0902db3aea414d59a2f55188c1f49",
+                "sha256:d52db5beb5e476e6853da2e2d24dbbbed6797b449c8bf7ea118a4ee0d2c9040e",
+                "sha256:dd021efa85970bd4824acacbb922066159d0f9e546389a4743d56919b6758b91",
+                "sha256:e25adddab85f674acac303cf1f5835951345a56c5f7f582987d266679979c75b",
+                "sha256:f00b4cf737f568be9665563347a910f8bdc76f88c2970121c86243c8cfdf90e9",
+                "sha256:f01f4a3565a387080dc49bdd1fefe4ecc77f894991b88ef927edbfa45eb10818"
            ],
            "markers": "python_version >= '3.9'",
-            "version": "==6.0.0"
+            "version": "==5.0.3"
        },
        "webencodings": {
            "hashes": [
@@ -894,11 +995,11 @@
        },
        "six": {
            "hashes": [
-                "sha256:4721f391ed90541fddacab5acf947aa0d3dc7d27b2e1e8eda2be8970586c3274",
-                "sha256:ff70335d468e7eb6ec65b95b99d3a2836546063f63acc5171de367e834932a81"
+                "sha256:1e61c37477a1626458e36f7b1d82aa5c9b094fa4802892072e49de9c60c4c926",
+                "sha256:8abb2f1d86890a2dfb989f9a77cfcfd3e47c2a354b01111771326f8aa26e0254"
            ],
            "markers": "python_version >= '2.7' and python_version not in '3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3'",
-            "version": "==1.17.0"
+            "version": "==1.16.0"
        }
    }
 }
@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@
  <a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/stargazers">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/github/stars/privacyguides?style=social"></a>
  <a href="https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides">
-    <img src="https://img.shields.io/mastodon/follow/109298532634697668?domain=https%3A%2F%2Fmastodon.neat.computer&label=Follow&style=social"></a></p>
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/mastodon/follow/109298532634697668?domain=https%3A%2F%2Fmastodon.neat.computer&label=Follow&style=social"></a>
+  <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/privacyguides.org">
+    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/dynamic/json?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.api.bsky.app%2Fxrpc%2Fapp.bsky.actor.getProfile%3Factor%3Dprivacyguides.org&query=%24.followersCount&style=social&logo=bluesky&label=Follow"></a></p>

  <p><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/pulls">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/github/issues-pr-raw/privacyguides/privacyguides.org"></a>
@@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ Privacy Guides wouldn't be possible without these wonderful people ([emoji key](
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/C-O-M-P-A-R-T-M-E-N-T-A-L-I-Z-A-T-I-O-N"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/30232065?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>C-O-M-P-A-R-T-M-E-N-T-A-L-I-Z-A-T-I-O-N</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=C-O-M-P-A-R-T-M-E-N-T-A-L-I-Z-A-T-I-O-N" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/Strappazzon"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/19752093?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>Alberto Strappazzon</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=Strappazzon" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://victorhckinthefreeworld.com/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1514206?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>Victorhck</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=victorhck" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
-      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/taivlam"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/47955724?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>Tai Lam</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=taivlam" title="Documentation">📖</a> <a href="#maintenance-taivlam" title="Maintenance">🚧</a></td>
+      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/taivlam"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/47955724?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>Tai Lam</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=taivlam" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/NinebitX"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/26626722?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>NinebitX</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=NinebitX" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
@@ -1,157 +0,0 @@
---
-date:
-    created: 2025-03-10T20:00:00Z
-categories:
-    - Opinion
-authors:
-    - em
-description: In privacy, we talk a lot about how to protect our own data, but what about our responsibility to protect the data of others? If you care about privacy rights, you must also care for the data of the people around you. Together, we must start building a culture of data privacy where everyone cares for the data of others.
-schema_type: OpinionNewsArticle
---
-# Privacy is Also Protecting the Data of Others
-
-![Illustration from a photo of two children standing in a grass field. The taller child holds a yellow umbrella protecting the smaller child.](../assets/images/the-privacy-of-others/cover.webp)
-
-<small aria-hidden="true">Illustration: Em / Privacy Guides | Photo: J W / Unsplash</small>
-
-In privacy, we talk a lot about how to protect our own data, but what about our responsibility to protect the data of others?
-
-If you care about privacy rights, you must also care for the data of the people around you. To make privacy work, we need to develop a culture that normalizes caring for everyone's data, not just our own. Privacy cannot solely be a personal responsibility, data privacy is team work.<!-- more -->
-
-Whatever measures and tools you use to protect your own data, you would never be able to protect it fully without the collaboration of others.
-
-In this context, the people around you might be your family or your friends, but also includes your boss, your doctor, your therapist, your school, your government, and any other person or organization that has control over some of your data.
-
-Conversely, you are also in control of other people's data.
-
-Even if you are not a boss, a doctor, or a therapist yourself, you probably have some photos of your friends, a list of contact information, and copies of sensitive conversations exchanged in private messages with your family. All of this data is under your guard too.
-
-Once you have control over someone else's data, **you become its guardian**.
-
-## Data protection is a communal responsibility
-
-Now to be clear, this isn't necessarily in relationship with the law, although it can be part of it. In this context, I am referring more to ethics. Do we have a moral obligation to care for and protect others to at least the same level we wish to be protected ourselves?
-
-As a connected society, we constantly exchange information with each other. This information is now mostly stored on digital mediums, and can be very easily duplicated and shared elsewhere. Actually, on a technical level, it's even *difficult* not to constantly involuntarily create duplicates of this data and send it elsewhere.
-
-This is why **we must increase our vigilance** about protecting the data of others.
-
-Considering the quantity of data that ends up in everyone's possession, data has become a communal responsibility.
-
-## We must develop a culture that normalizes data privacy
-
-Privacy is a human right, and a good starting point to protect any human right is legislation. Legislation is undeniably an aspect of data privacy that is in constant evolution, and we can hope that privacy laws will only get better over time. Well, let's not just hope, let's also work to make sure it does.
-
-That being said, **laws simply aren't enough**.
-
-To truly improve data privacy rights, we *must* integrate them into our *whole culture*. This might sound like an over-ambitious endeavor, but culture is flexible and evolves with people's needs.
-
-In the past few decades, our culture and customs have begun to shift *against* data privacy. Some of us are old enough to remember a time when everyone didn't have a camera in their pocket. At that time, it would have been considered unacceptable in most places to suddenly point a recording camera at a stranger in the street and start filming them without any explanation and without their consent.
-
-Now this kind of disrespectful behavior is a common occurrence, because everyone has the tool to do it. Our society evolved with technological tools, but **we neglected to course-correct our culture for it**.
-
-We have reached a point where we need to develop a culture of individual responsibility towards each other's data.
-
-This means caring not just for our own data, but **caring for everyone's data**, whether it's the data of our friends, our family, our employees, our patients, or even complete strangers in the streets, or online.
-
-This will take a lot of time and effort, but we owe it to the next generations to start now.
-
-## The principles we should consider in relation to privacy
-
-Our society already has adopted or improved many ethical principles in the past decades that are intimately linked to data privacy.
-
-Some of these principles and values have become much more prevalent in our culture recently, consent being one great example for this.
-
-**Consent** in privacy is incredibly important. What one person might feel comfortable sharing publicly might be completely different from another person, for example. Privacy cannot be established on a fixed basis without considering individuality and circumstances.
-
-Someone might be happy sharing their name on social media, and someone else might safeguard this information and only use pseudonyms. One person might feel safe sharing their home address online, yet another person could be killed for doing this.
-
-This is why *informed* and *explicit* individual consent (with true choices) should always be the center of such decisions, for any type of personal information.
-
-Other principles we must integrate in our culture of data privacy include **empathy** (my threat model isn't your threat model), **trust and respect** (secure this data properly if you must collect it), **safety** (consider someone could get severely harmed by a data breach), and **individual liberties** (sharing data must be a personal choice, even if there's no danger, it's still valid even if it's just a preference).
-
-Of course, these are only a few principles indispensable to build a culture of data privacy, but since most people are already familiar with these we'll start here.
-
-## How we can start building a better culture around data privacy
-
-So, what concrete actions can we take *right now* to improve our culture around data privacy? What can we do today at the individual level to start better protecting the data of others?
-
-Here are a few practices you can adopt in your daily life to improve the data of the people around you. However, I insist you not just demand others do this for you, but **do this for others too**. Re-shaping our culture needs to start with ourselves:
-
-### :material-camera-off: Ask for consent before sharing/posting photos
-
-Do not post photos of people online without their prior consent. Especially if there are children involved! Before sharing photos of others online, *always* ask for their consent first.
-
-### :material-face-recognition: Be mindful when sharing photos of protests
-
-Be very careful when [taking pictures during a protest](https://www.privacyguides.org/articles/2025/01/23/activists-guide-securing-your-smartphone/). There's a lot of nuance to this because it's also important to show protests and make them known (that's usually the goal!), but in some circumstances people might be put in danger if their faces are shown online associated with certain causes.
-
-Be mindful and make sure no one is singled out without consent in your pictures if you post them online. When possible, try to blur/block the faces of the people you couldn't ask for consent.
-
-### :material-car: Blur license plates
-
-When taking photos in the streets and posting them online, be mindful to blur license plates. This might sound extreme but imagine a situation where someone is a victim of domestic violence and their abuser sees their car parked at a shelter, or at someone's place. This information could literally get someone killed. Always keep in mind different people have different [threat models](https://www.privacyguides.org/en/basics/threat-modeling/).
-
-### :material-contacts: Safeguard contact information
-
-Never share the contact information of someone with someone else (or something else) without their prior explicit consent. This includes email addresses, phone numbers, legal names, locations, photos, and *especially* home addresses. This information in the wrong hands could literally get someone killed. **Always ask first!**
-
-Additionally, be vigilant when importing your contact list in a new application. This could get it shared further than you intended. Ideally, always keep your contact list in an end-to-end encrypted application only.
-
-### :material-file-eye: Be careful when sharing files from and with others
-
-If someone trusted you with a file (photo, music, video, PDF, text file, etc.), always ask for consent before sharing this file with someone else.
-
-Additionally, always keep this file only locally or stored in a secure end-to-end encrypted service. If this person gives you consent to share this file, ensure that metadata has been [removed](https://www.privacyguides.org/en/data-redaction/) from it. This person might not be aware of the metadata on this file.
-
-### :material-heart: Keep confidences secret
-
-If someone trusts you enough to share something personal with you, do not betray that trust by talking about it with someone else, and *especially* not on unencrypted services such as Gmail or Twitter's DM. In doing so, you would expose this secret to even more unintended recipients. Respect people's trust in you. Do not share confidences.
-
-### :material-message-text: Safeguard and delete private messages on social media
-
-If you have private conversations on social media, be mindful not to spread this information elsewhere. If you delete your account, be mindful to also [delete](https://docs.cyd.social/docs/x/delete#delete-my-direct-messages) the information of others you have stored in your private messages. If someone wants to share sensitive information with you, always invite them to move to an end-to-end encrypted [messaging service](https://www.privacyguides.org/en/real-time-communication/) instead.
-
-### :material-heart-box: Safeguard and delete intimate pictures you received
-
-If someone trust you enough to send you intimate photos of themselves, take this responsibility *extremely* seriously. If they use an end-to-end encrypted service, do not move the photos out of there. If you do, you could inadvertently upload them to an unencrypted service and compromise the security of these pictures.
-
-If your relationship with this person ends, you *should* delete all intimate pictures you have received. This is extremely important for their safety, and also possibly for *yours*. Things could get very problematic legally if your copies were to get accidentally leaked or stolen. No matter how difficult this might be emotionally, do the right thing and delete these pictures fully.
-
-If you are still unconvinced about this one, maybe have a look at Ted Lasso season 3, [episode 8](https://screenrant.com/ted-lasso-season-3-episode-8-keeley-story-response/) which has a great story demonstrating the dangers related to this.
-
-### :material-cellphone-screenshot: Avoid taking screenshot of people's posts
-
-Each time you take a screenshot of someone's post to repost it somewhere else, you are effectively removing this person's ability to delete their content later. This is horrible for privacy *and* for consent. Instead, use links to other people's posts. That way, if they decide later to delete their content, the link will simply not work anymore, but their right to deletion will remain intact.
-
-### :material-record-circle: Notify guests if you are using a smart speaker
-
-If you are using a smart speaker device in your home such as Amazon's Echo (Alexa), Apple's HomePod (Siri), Google's Nest, inform your guests about it when they enter your home. These devices have the [capacity](https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/alexa-amazon-echo-privacy-risk/) to record all conversations, and there has already been instances of accidental privacy invasion [reported](https://www.cnet.com/home/smart-home/alexa-sent-private-audio-to-a-random-contact-portland-family-says/) about this. Even if you don't mind yourself, offer your guests to *unplug* your smart speaker while they are visiting you. The same is valid for any voice assistant on your phone.
-
-### :material-eye-off: Do not use Windows Recall (or anything similar)
-
-If you are a Microsoft user, make sure to [*disable*](https://www.ytechb.com/how-to-uninstall-microsoft-recall-in-windows-11/) Windows Recall from your computer. If it's enabled, this application will [continuously](https://www.theverge.com/2024/6/3/24170305/microsoft-windows-recall-ai-screenshots-security-privacy-issues) take screenshots of your computer, including the faces of anyone video-chatting with you on Signal, the email content of anyone contacting your through Tuta Mail, the secrets of anyone chatting with you on Matrix. Windows Recall completely defeats the protections of anyone using end-to-end encryption to contact you. This is a huge breach of trust! If you somehow use this feature, at least be mindful to disable it each time you communicate with others.
-
-### :fontawesome-solid-glasses: Don't use Meta's Ray-Ban "AI" glasses!
-
-Don't use "smart" glasses recording people.
-
-Just don't.
-
-Ever.
-
-This is *extremely* creepy.
-
-Never buy nor use this.
-
-If you encounter someone in the street wearing this, run away.
-
-## This is only a start, but together we can do this
-
-Improving our culture around data privacy will take time and effort, but we have to start now. The best place to start is with yourself.
-
-Remember:
-
-"Be the change you wish to see in the world."
-
-**Be the data protector you wish to see in the world.**
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
---
-date:
-    created: 2025-03-08T11:00:00Z
-categories:
-    - Explainers
-authors:
-    - fria
-tags:
-    - Passkeys
-    - Passwords
-license: BY-SA
---
-# Toward a Passwordless Future
-
-![Article cover showing a rusted, broken lock on a door latch](../assets/images/toward-a-passwordless-future/cover.webp)
-
-<small aria-hidden="true">Illustration: Jordan / Privacy Guides | Photo: Gowtham AGM / Unsplash</small>
-
-Passwords are annoying, vulnerable to attack, and prone to human error. The multitude of issues with passwords has cost [millions](https://www.ibm.com/downloads/documents/us-en/107a02e94948f4ec) of dollars and forced terrible band-aid solutions in how we handle signing up for, logging in to, and securing online accounts. I'd like to break down some of these design paradigms that have entrenched themselves in our lives and how passkeys can lead to more secure and private online accounts.<!-- more -->
-
-## How did we get here?
-
-### Ancient Rome
-
-Passwords are a surprisingly old concept, dating all the way back to ancient Rome. The ancient Roman historian Polybius in his *[Histories](http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0234%3Abook%3D6%3Achapter%3D34)* describes how the Roman military would pass around a wooden tablet, or *tessera*, inscribed with a "watchword" that would allow them to identify each other as friendly.
-
-### Prohibition
-
-During Prohibition in the 1920s US, speakeasies, or private, unlicensed bars selling illegal alcohol, would require a spoken [password](https://prohibition.themobmuseum.org/the-history/the-prohibition-underworld/the-speakeasies-of-the-1920s/) to gain entry. The name comes from how quietly you had to say the password, so law enforcement didn't overhear.
-
-### World War II
-
-The US military later used [countersigns](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countersign_(military)#cite_note-2), consisting of a challenge and a password to identify allies. On D-Day, they used the challenge "flash" and the password "thunder." Thunder was used specifically because it was difficult for Germans to pronounce, since the English "th" sound doesn't exist in German. This is an example of a shibboleth, or a way of distinguishing groups of people based on cultural differences.
-
-### 1960's
-
-It wasn't long after the dawn of the electronic computer that a solution for authentication was needed. Computers in the 1950s were expensive and slow, only able to handle one problem at a time.
-
-MIT's Compatible Time Sharing System (CTSS), pioneered by Fernando Corbató, aimed to solve this problem by allowing multiple users to do work at the same time, but they needed a way to authenticate specific users. "Putting a password on for each individual user as a lock seemed like a very straightforward solution" Corbató told Wired in an [interview](https://www.wired.com/2012/01/computer-password/).
-
-These passwords weren't designed to be very secure. Fred Schneider, a computer science professor at Cornell University, said in the same Wired article "nobody wanted to devote many machine resources to this authentication stuff."
-
-![Fernando Corbató standing next to the CTSS](../assets/images/toward-a-passwordless-future/ctss.webp)
-
-<small aria-hidden="true">Fernando Corbató with the CTSS | Photo: <a href="https://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/1961/">Computer History Museum</a></small>
-
-### First Password Breach
-
-The first password breach occurred not long after in 1962, detailed in a [pamphlet](https://www.multicians.org/thvv/compatible-time-sharing-system.pdf) written to commemorate the CTSS.
-
-Allan Scherr, a Ph.D. researcher at MIT, wanted more time for his detailed simulations. He knew that the passwords were stored in a plaintext file, so he requested it to be printed offline and that was that: he now had everyone's password and all the time he could ask for.
-
-A later incident in 1966 saw all users' passwords being printed at login due to the administrator accidentally swapping the master password file and the message of the day.
-
-### Early Attempts at Securing Passwords
-
-Clearly there was work to be done on securely storing passwords. A [paper](https://rist.tech.cornell.edu/6431papers/MorrisThompson1979.pdf) from 1979 by Robert Morris and Ken Thompson of Bell Laboratories outlines some requirements to bolster the security of passwords on a UNIX system.
-
-#### Hashing
-
-One of which is the need for passwords to not be stored in plaintext on the system, instead recommending storing a hash.
-
-A hash is a one-way function: you give a certain input, and it spits out data that can't be easily reversed back to the input, even knowing the algorithm that was used. But, given the same input, you'll get the same output, allowing you to compare an inputted user password to a stored one.
-
-In order to make it hard to brute force, the hashing algorithm should be fairly slow.
-
-#### Password Requirements
-
-They recommend certain requirements on the password entry program such as the classic 6-character minimum password length to prevent easily guessable passwords.
-
-#### Salting
-
-Password salting, a technique wherein a random string of characters is added to the end of the user's password before hashing, gets a mention as well. This prevents an attacker from simply pre-computing many password hashes ahead of time, and also prevents an attacker from knowing if the same password has been used on multiple systems just from comparing the hashes.
-
-These guidelines would remain mostly unchanged for decades, save for improved hashing and salting algorithms.
-
-## Unforeseen Consequences
-
-What was originally a system designed for a few people sharing a computer in an academic and research setting has somehow remained almost unchanged decades later.
-
-### Password Overload
-
-Instead of remembering a single password for your computer, you now have potentially hundreds of passwords for various online accounts. A recent [survey](https://nordpass.com/blog/how-many-passwords-does-average-person-have/) by NordPass estimates that the average person has around 168 personal accounts, with a nearly 70% increase in just the last three years since the survey was taken. This is an untenable number of passwords for a human to remember, so we don't.
-
-### Email Requirement
-
-With the ever-present threat of users forgetting their passwords and therefore losing access to their account irrevocably, there needed to be a way to recover the account.
-
-By the end of the dotcom bubble, email was fairly ubiquitous, so it made sense as a fallback way of authenticating. This had the added benefit of giving companies a way of contacting (read: spamming with ads) their customers.
-
-While it's hard to say when it started happening, major websites like eBay were requiring email addresses on signup as far back as [1999](http://web.archive.org/web/19991122073209/http://pages.ebay.com/services/registration/register.html). Amazon was doing it back in [2001](https://web.archive.org/web/20011107052853/http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/flex-sign-in/?opt=oa&page=recs/sign-in-secure.html&response=tg/recs/recs-post-login-dispatch/-/recs). People I interviewed said that email-based signup was commonplace by the late 90s.
-
-And so the precedent of requiring personal contact information to sign up for an account was born, at least partially due to the shortcomings of passwords.
-
-### Terrible Security
-
-#### Single Point of Failure
-
-On top of the extra personal data now required for each online account, email acts as a one-stop shop for attackers looking to hack your accounts, either by getting into your email account itself or by sending you convincing password reset emails that send you to a phishing page that looks exactly like the real page.
-
-With the advent of AI, phishing attacks have only gotten cheaper and easier.
-
-Laughably, we're told to "look for typos" or "just feel out the vibes man" in order to defend against these attacks. What hope did we ever have?
-
-This intersects a bit with how I think email is a terrible, outdated protocol that needs to be replaced, but that's a blog post for another day.
-
-What's followed as a consequence of the tech industry's refusal to adapt to the security landscape is an unprecedented cybercrime industry, stealing an estimated [$44.2 million](https://aag-it.com/the-latest-phishing-statistics/) in 2021 through phishing scams. These are people whose only contribution to society is draining grandma's bank account, and they're absolutely raking it in.
-
-#### Service Provider Negligence
-
-But even if you do everything right and never fall for a phishing email, you can still be compromised due to the negligence of any one of the hundreds of service providers you rely on. Passwords need to be stored on a server somewhere, and if a service provider doesn't hash and salt them properly, a data breach will leave your account vulnerable.
-
-Even if the *service provider* does everything right in terms of storing the password (which you have absolutely no way of verifying), in the event of a data breach the attackers will still have a hash of your password to attack.
-
-There's typically also a period between the server receiving your password from the encrypted HTTPS tunnel and storing it securely as a hash where it handles your password in plaintext in order to compare it with what it has on file. Any vulnerabilities in the hardware could be catastrophic.
-
-If you think this sounds like minor nitpicking, consider that in 2019, Facebook realized it had accidentally been storing [hundreds of millions of user passwords in plaintext](https://about.fb.com/news/2019/03/keeping-passwords-secure/).
-
-#### Human Error
-
-Even ignoring all of that, passwords rely on randomness to be secure, but they also rely on humans to generate them.
-
-Humans are very bad at generating random numbers. We're so bad at it that it's possible to [uniquely identify](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23626943/) you based on your pattern of "random" numbers.
-
-That doesn't even matter though, since passwords, by requiring the user to type them whenever they want to log in and requiring the user to remember them, encourage minimum randomness and minimum length.
-
-Most of us, even [IT experts](https://www.hipaajournal.com/92-of-it-leaders-guilty-of-password-reuse/), reuse passwords because we are so heavily incentivized to do so by how they fundamentally work.
-
-The strategy historically has been to shame people for using bad passwords whenever their account gets hacked, which has prevented us from seeing the fundamental issues with the way we authenticate and instead making it every individual's responsibility to somehow fight the incentives of the system they rely on.
-
-Imagine if every time you connected to a website with HTTPS, you had to come up with your own encryption key. Would that be a secure system?
-
-## Band-aid Solutions
-
-A common theme with passwords, and frankly many other things in the tech world, is stapling band-aid solutions on top of them to try and make them fit a modern use case they were never meant to serve.
-
-### Password Managers
-
-Password managers solve the issue of forgetting your passwords by acting as a secure repository for of all your passwords. You can even conveniently have them autofill your information for you on the login screen. They can generate strong passwords for you as well.
-
-#### Single Point of Failure
-
-Essentially, password managers try to eliminate the human error element of passwords. But in doing so, they introduce more attack surface: you now have a repository of all your login credentials conveniently located on your device, so if your device is compromised, all your accounts are also compromised.
-
-So a user with a password manager has to worry about passwords being guessed, potential compromise of their email, or compromise of their password manager.
-
-#### Security isn't Enforced
-
-Not to mention that many of the protections of a password manager are optional. A user isn't required to generate secure passwords, many will just continue using the same passwords they always have.
-
-#### Poor Phishing Protection
-
-Although some argue autofill protects against phishing attacks, really it doesn't since as soon as it doesn't autofill, a user will simply copy and paste their password into the field. A proper anti-phishing mitigation would make it nearly impossible to authenticate with the wrong website. Autofill can introduce its own set of [vulnerabilities](https://github.com/google/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-mhhf-w9xw-pp9x) as well.
-
-### Salting and Hashing
-
-Salting and hashing themselves I would consider band-aid solutions, as they were stapled on top of the existing system as security concerns grew. They rely a lot on the service providers implementing them properly and even still there are gaps in security as I previously mentioned.
-
-### Two-Factor Authentication
-
-Because of the risk of compromise with passwords, most websites implement some form of two-factor authentication.
-
-#### Email 2FA
-
-By far the most common is email 2FA, which on top of all the problems with using email as an authentication method stated before, usually only happens the first time you log in to a website on each device (until you clear your cookies that is).
-
-#### SMS 2FA
-
-SMS 2FA is also common. This method is vulnerable to [SIM swap attacks](https://www.verizon.com/about/account-security/sim-swapping) in which an attacker tricks your carrier into swapping your phone number onto a new SIM card under their control. SMS is also completely unencrypted, lacking even transport encryption.
-
-The SS7 system underlying SMS is inherently [vulnerable to interception](https://youtu.be/wVyu7NB7W6Y?si=S8yzlWWh8zwuGraq). The idea of using SMS as a security tool is, frankly, laughable.
-
-#### OTP
-
-That brings us to [OTP](https://www.onelogin.com/learn/otp-totp-hotp) or One Time Password. This 2FA method relies on two things: a shared secret between you and the website called a "seed", and a "moving factor".
-
-The moving factor changes, allowing you both to generate a temporary password based on the seed that you need to type in on login.
-
-There are two main approaches to OTP.
-
-##### HOTP
-
-Hash-based Message Authentication Code OTP, or HOTP, increments the moving factor each time you successfully log in.
-
-##### TOTP
-
-In Time-based OTP or TOTP, the moving factor is time. The generated passwords will be valid for only about 30 to 60 seconds. The amount of time they're valid for is called a *time step*.
-
-Of the two, TOTP is newer and considered more secure since the passwords are constantly expiring.
-
-##### Issues
-
-While a massive step up from SMS 2FA in terms of both privacy and security, they're still lacking in phishing resistance.
-
-If you are sent to a fake login screen and put in your HOTP or TOTP password, the attacker can simply put that in to the real login screen. At least with TOTP there's a somewhat limited timeframe they can do it in, but these days phishing operations are fully automated, so it really doesn't matter.
-
-Also since both you and the website are storing the same seed, any breach of either your device or the servers will leave you compromised. You could store your secret on a separate device or on a separate app on your phone, but this leaves the risk of either not having your phone with you to log in to your accounts or losing your TOTP codes due to the file getting corrupted or a bad update. Overall, OTP is better than SMS 2FA but still leaves a lot to be desired.
-
-### Shoulder Surfing
-
-Another oft-forgotten issue with passwords is that someone could just [watch you type it](https://www.insideedition.com/thieves-are-snatching-phones-and-stealing-personal-info-after-studying-victims-passwords-81548) in and hack your account that way. Most password fields replace the characters in your password with stars or dots to combat this, but they usually still give you the option to show your password in plaintext anyway. The screen isn't the only way you can leak your password either, someone filming or watching you type it in a keyboard or on your phone screen would have your password with little effort. A human doesn't even need to be present, AI models can now work out your password just by [listening](https://www.royalholloway.ac.uk/research-and-education/departments-and-schools/information-security/news/study-suggests-that-ai-can-detect-your-password-from-the-sound-of-keys-being-pressed/#:~:text=Artificial%20Intelligence%20can%20work%20out,Royal%20Holloway%2C%20University%20of%20London.) to you type it.
-
-All of these are attempts, with varying success, at fixing the individual flaws with passwords rather than designing a solution from the ground up with security in mind. They add complexity, more steps in the process where either you or a service provider can screw something up.
-
-## Passkeys: The Password Replacement
-
-[Passkeys](https://fidoalliance.org/passkeys/) are FIDO credentials tied to a specific app or website that let you sign in with the same method you use to unlock your device, be that biometrics or a PIN.
-
-<iframe title="Passkey Authentication" src="https://neat.tube/videos/embed/aa1e8c86-5ccb-41ca-bc20-7d1afe026759" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" sandbox="allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-popups allow-forms" width="230" height="440"></iframe>
-
-As long as you can remember your phone password, you can log in to your accounts. This frees you up to set a secure password on your device, since that's the only password you'd need to remember.
-
-You may have heard of passkeys from Apple or Google and assumed they're some proprietary feature, but they're based on FIDO standards and the word "passkey" is meant to be a common noun like "password," not tied to any platform or company.
-
-### No Personal Info
-
-You also won't need to use a username or email when logging in with passkeys, although currently most implementations still require it. Passkeys can fully replace every aspect of logging in.
-
-That means no email to send phishing attacks to or hack, and no SMS to be SIM swapped.
-
-### Phishing Resistance
-
-Passkeys operate using public-key cryptography just like how HTTPS works, so your private key isn't stored on the service provider's server, completely eliminating data breach issues with passwords. They were designed from the ground up to be phishing resistant and secure.
-
-### Privacy
-
-Since a unique key pair is generated for each account, you don't have to worry about being identified between accounts either. Hopefully soon you won't need to pay for that email aliasing service just to not be tracked across accounts.
-
-### Protection Against Losing Your Account
-
-You can even generate multiple passkeys per account in case you lose one somehow. Essentially this replaces the need for a recovery method; you can just add as many as you need, and they'll be available on all your devices anyway so losing your phone won't lock you out of your account.
-
-### Anti-Shoulder Surfing
-
-Passkeys fight shoulder surfing by allowing you to use biometrics on your device to sign in. Even in the event someone got your device password, they would still need the actual private key associated with your account, either through physical possession of your device or some other compromise of your password manager. Since the private key stays in your possession and is never sent anywhere unencrypted, the risk is minimal.
-
-### Fully Syncable
-
-Passkeys can be synced across devices and in the cloud as well, so you don't have to worry about losing them. And they'll be E2EE. Many password managers support passkeys, including Apple's and Google's built-in ones, so you can likely start using them right now.
-
-### Try It Out
-
-You can test out passkeys at [webauthn.io](https://webauthn.io). Even if your passkeys aren't synced to the device you're currently using, you can still login via a QR code, allowing your phone to act as a sort of wireless security key.
-
-### Barriers
-
-The main barrier to passkey adoption currently is lack of support from websites and apps. They either don't support passkeys at all, or still force you to sign up with a password, email, etc. with no way to delete them. I encourage you to contact any website or apps that don't have passkey support and request it, with the ability to signup and login without ever setting a password.
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ In addition to our core team, [many other people](about/contributors.md) have ma

 [Job Openings :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](about/jobs.md)

-## :material-email-edit: Contact Us
+## Contact Us

 [:simple-discourse: Join the Privacy Guides forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ You can also use OpenPGP to contact us via email, if you feel comfortable with y

 If you need an alternative secure channel, please request one via any contact method including social media, and we will work with you to establish one. Please do not share any sensitive information with us before we have established an appropriately secure discussion channel.

-## :material-account-tie: Executive Committee
+## Executive Committee
 <!-- markdownlint-disable MD030 -->

 The project executive committee consists of five volunteers charged with management of the [MAGIC Privacy Guides Fund](https://magicgrants.org/funds/privacy_guides), making most critical project-related decisions.
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ The project executive committee consists of five volunteers charged with managem

 </div>

-## :material-account-edit: Staff
+## Staff

 Our staff are paid to contribute to supplemental content at Privacy Guides, like [video production](https://www.youtube.com/@privacyguides), [news articles and tutorials](https://www.privacyguides.org/articles), and our discussion communities and social media. Most are available and paid on a full-time basis to assist the organization.

@@ -162,32 +162,7 @@ Our staff are paid to contribute to supplemental content at Privacy Guides, like

 </div>

-## :material-check-decagram: Social Media
-
-We have a general policy of avoiding links to centralized social media profiles and other websites outside our control. This means that in places like our website footer and other areas, we only link to platforms we fully control, such as our Mastodon and PeerTube accounts or Matrix channels.
-
-However, Privacy Guides *does* have social media accounts on a wide variety of platforms, in the hope of reaching new users who aren't yet familiar with our content. We try to make this a "one-way street" where those accounts link to privacyguides.org, and not the other way around. However, this creates some confusion about which accounts are actually run by the Privacy Guides team. For reference, we will list all of our accounts here:
-
-<div class="grid cards" markdown>
-
- [:simple-discourse: **Forum**](https://discuss.privacyguides.net)
- [:simple-matrix: **Matrix Space**](https://matrix.to/#/#privacyguides:matrix.org)
- [:simple-mastodon: **Mastodon**](https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides)
- [:simple-peertube: **PeerTube**](https://neat.tube/c/privacyguides)
- [:simple-bluesky: Bluesky](https://bsky.app/profile/privacyguides.org)
- [:simple-codeberg: Codeberg](https://codeberg.org/privacyguides)
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/privacyguides)
- [:simple-gitlab: GitLab](https://gitlab.com/privacyguides)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linkedin: LinkedIn](https://linkedin.com/company/privacyguides)
- [:simple-reddit: Reddit](https://reddit.com/r/PrivacyGuides)
- [:simple-x: X (Twitter)](https://x.com/privacy_guides)
- [:simple-youtube: YouTube](https://youtube.com/@privacyguides)
-
-</div>
-
-To reiterate, this is not an endorsement of any platform, and we generally discourage following us on most social media platforms.
-
-## :material-newspaper: In The Media
+## In The Media

 > To find [privacy-focused alternative] apps, check out sites like Good Reports and **Privacy Guides**, which list privacy-focused apps in a variety of categories, notably including email providers (usually on paid plans) that aren’t run by the big tech companies.

@@ -199,7 +174,7 @@ To reiterate, this is not an endorsement of any platform, and we generally disco

 Also featured on: [Ars Technica](https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2022/02/is-firefox-ok), [Wirecutter](https://nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/practical-guide-to-securing-windows-pc) [[2](https://nytimes.com/wirecutter/guides/practical-guide-to-securing-your-mac)], [NPO Radio 1](https://nporadio1.nl/nieuws/binnenland/8eaff3a2-8b29-4f63-9b74-36d2b28b1fe1/ooit-online-eens-wat-doms-geplaatst-ga-jezelf-eens-googlen-en-kijk-dan-wat-je-tegenkomt), [Wired](https://wired.com/story/firefox-mozilla-2022), [Fast Company](https://fastcompany.com/91167564/mozilla-wants-you-to-love-firefox-again) and [404 Media](https://404media.co/privacy-service-optery-faces-backlash-after-plan-to-send-openai-user-data).

-## :material-history: History
+## History

 Privacy Guides was launched in September 2021 as a continuation of the [defunct](about/privacytools.md) "PrivacyTools" open-source educational project. We recognized the importance of independent, criteria-focused product recommendations and general knowledge in the privacy space, which is why we needed to preserve the work that had been created by so many contributors since 2015 and make sure that information had a stable home on the web indefinitely.

@@ -209,7 +184,7 @@ We additionally launched our new discussion forum at [discuss.privacyguides.net]

 In 2023, we launched international translations of our website in [French](https://www.privacyguides.org/fr), [Hebrew](https://www.privacyguides.org/he), [Dutch](https://www.privacyguides.org/nl), and more languages, made possible by our excellent translation team on [Crowdin](https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides). We plan to continue carrying forward our mission of outreach and education, and finding ways to more clearly highlight the dangers of a lack of privacy awareness in the modern digital age, and the prevalence and harms of security breaches across the technology industry.

-## :material-license: Site License
+## Site License

 <div class="admonition danger" markdown>

@@ -3,110 +3,38 @@ title: Donate
 description: The charitable mission of Privacy Guides relies on contributions from visitors like yourself. Anything you can do to support the project is hugely appreciated.
 ---
 <!-- markdownlint-disable MD036 -->
-Support our mission to defend digital rights and spread the word about mass surveillance programs and other daily privacy invasions. You can help Privacy Guides researchers, activists, and maintainers create informative content, host private digital services, and protect privacy rights at a time when the world needs it most.
+Donate to Privacy Guides and support our mission to defend digital rights and spread the word about mass surveillance programs and other daily privacy invasions. You can help Privacy Guides researchers, activists, and maintainers create informative content, host private digital services, and protect privacy rights at a time when the world needs it most.

-[:material-heart:{ .pg-red } Become a Member](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides/membership){ class="md-button md-button--primary" }
-[:material-hand-coin: Make a Donation](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides/donate/privacyguides){ class="md-button md-button--primary" }
+Privacy Guides has been a nonstop effort for over 5 years to stay up to date with the world of cybersecurity and privacy, and to promote the benefits of privacy overall. This is a **non-profit, community-driven** project that would not be possible without the generous support of all our [contributors](contributors.md).

-<small markdown>
+## Donate

-MAGIC Grants is our fiscal host, and their custom, open-source donation platform allows you to donate to our project with **Monero**, **Bitcoin**, or **debit/credit card**. You can also donate using [:simple-github: GitHub Sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/privacyguides).
+MAGIC Grants is our fiscal host, and their custom, open-source donation platform allows you to donate to our project with **Monero**, **Bitcoin**, or **debit/credit card**.

-</small>
+[:material-heart:{ .pg-red } Donate](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides){ class="md-button md-button--primary" }
+[Sponsor on GitHub](https://github.com/sponsors/privacyguides){ class="md-button" }

-## Foundations & Organizations
+Donating with Monero will maximize your donation by lowering our transaction fees while simultaneously [preserving your privacy](../cryptocurrency.md), win-win! You can also donate to us via GitHub Sponsors if you prefer, or if you would like to publicize your support. GitHub does not charge us any fees if you donate as an individual, but may charge us fees if you donate with a GitHub organization, if this is a concern for you.

-=== "Current Supporters"
+## How We Use Donations

-    Thank you to these organizations who significantly support Privacy Guides. (1)
-    { .annotate }
-
-    1. Please contact <info@magicgrants.org> to inquire about giving. Privacy Guides reserves the right to rescind the membership of those who are unaligned with our mission or organization at any time. Organizational members have no ability to influence what content is recommended on the Privacy Guides website. Learn more about our [donation acceptance policy](donation-acceptance-policy.md).
-
-    <div class="mdx-specialthanks" markdown>
-
-    [![Power Up Privacy]](https://powerupprivacy.com){ rel=nofollow target=_blank title="Power Up Privacy" }
-    [![DeleteMe]](https://joindeleteme.com){ rel=nofollow target=_blank title="DeleteMe" }
-
-      [Power Up Privacy]: ../assets/img/donors/power-up-privacy.webp
-      [DeleteMe]: ../assets/img/donors/deleteme.webp
-
-    </div>
-
-=== "Past Supporters"
-
-    Thank you to these organizations who have substantially supported our project in the past.
-
-    - [Safing](https://safing.io){ rel=nofollow target=_blank }: 2019 – 2021
-
-## Active Members
-
-Privacy Guides would not be possible without these individuals who generously donate on a monthly or yearly basis. (1)
-{ .annotate }
-
-1. If you [become a member](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides/membership) and [link your donation](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/t/getting-your-member-flair-on-the-forum/25453) to your forum account, you're automatically added here with a link to your profile and avatar to show your support for Privacy Guides. If you don't make your membership public on the forum, you'll be a silent +1. You can change your visibility any time. This chart is updated upon each website release.
-
-<div class="mdx-donors" data-mdx-component="donors">
-<div class="mdx-donors__list">
-
--8<-- "includes/members.md"
-
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<small markdown>
-
-This is a list of our **active** [members](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides/membership), plus donors on GitHub, who have chosen to make their donation public. Hundreds more have donated in the past or privately, and their support is hugely appreciated as well.
-
-</small>
-
-## Merchandise
-
-You can support us and share your passion for privacy by buying our merchandise from HelloTux.
-
-[Buy on HelloTux.com](https://hellotux.com/privacyguides){ class="md-button" }
-
-## Non-Financial Support
-
-It takes a lot of [people](contributors.md) and [work](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/pulse/monthly) to keep Privacy Guides up to date and spread the word about privacy and mass surveillance. If you're looking for other ways to help out, consider getting involved by [editing the site](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org), [joining our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net), or [contributing translations](https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides).
-
-## FAQ
-
-### What is an organizational membership?
-
-Organizational membership to Privacy Guides is open to any company, private foundation, or organization that donates at least $5,000 per year. While Privacy Guides does not endorse private companies or their products, we're grateful for their contributions. Your donation may be tax-deductible, and we will provide you with a receipt.
-
-You can become an organizational member by reaching out to <info@magicgrants.org> for more information.
-
-### How are organizational members recognized?
-
-Organizational members that choose to be recognized publicly are included in our organizational members section (above), and occasionally at other opportunities where appropriate. Organizational member links include the `rel="nofollow"` attribute: We adopted this policy to screen out potential abuse of our program and site to raise the rank of third parties in search algorithms. Unfortunately, this is a growing problem for nonprofits. This was a complex decision since we know many of the sincere supporters behind these companies, but we decided that it was the best choice for us.
-
-Organizational members have no ability to influence what content is recommended on the Privacy Guides website. Learn more about our [donation acceptance policy](donation-acceptance-policy.md).
-
-### What is an active membership?
-
-Your monthly or yearly membership sustains Privacy Guides's services and public activism for privacy and cybersecurity year round. If you become a member, we will recognize your support here on our website, our community forum, and occasionally in other areas like our videos if you choose to make your membership publicly known.
-
-Our membership program is brand new, and we are still exploring other ways that we can share a token of our appreciation with you, while maintaining sustainable and ethical boundaries. Stay tuned!
-
-### How does Privacy Guides use donations?
-
-Privacy Guides has been a nonstop effort for over 5 years to stay up to date with the world of cybersecurity and privacy, and to promote the benefits of privacy overall. This is a **non-profit, community-driven** project that would not be possible without the generous support of all our [contributors](contributors.md), in addition to our regularly donating members above.
-
-Your donation go to a [dedicated fund](https://magicgrants.org/funds/privacy_guides) within [MAGIC Grants](https://magicgrants.org), a 501(c)(3) organization and our fiscal host. The funds will **only** be used for this project specifically.
+Privacy Guides is a **non-profit** project. Your donation will go to a [dedicated fund](https://magicgrants.org/funds/privacy_guides) within [MAGIC Grants](https://magicgrants.org), a 501(c)(3) organization and our fiscal host. The funds will **only** be used for this project specifically.

 You may qualify for a tax deduction. When you donate to us [here](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides) with cryptocurrency or card you have the option to receive a receipt from MAGIC Grants for this purpose. If you have questions about other transactions please email <info@magicgrants.org>.

 We use donations for a variety of purposes, including:

+**Web Hosting**
+
+:   Traffic to this website uses hundreds of gigabytes of data per month, we use a variety of service providers to keep up with this traffic.
+
 **Payroll**

-:   We have journalists, writers, and video creators on payroll to review products and create more educational content on a regular basis. This is a significant expense, and we are only able to create our quantity of content with your support.
+:   We are endeavoring to [hire](jobs.md) full-time journalists and writers to review products and create more educational content on a regular basis.

-**Web Hosting and Infrastructure**
+**Domain Registrations**

-:   Traffic to this website uses hundreds of gigabytes of data per month; we use a variety of service providers to keep up with this traffic.
+:   We have a few domain names like `privacyguides.org` which cost us around $10 yearly to maintain their registration.

 **Online Services**

@@ -118,4 +46,14 @@ We use donations for a variety of purposes, including:

 Thank you to all those who support our mission! :material-heart:{ .pg-red }

-We strictly **do not** use donations to support political campaigns/candidates or attempt to influence legislation. Earnings will **not** inure to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual.
+We strictly **cannot** use donations to support political campaigns/candidates or attempt to influence legislation. Earnings also will **not** inure to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual.
+
+## Merchandise
+
+Another option to support us is by buying our merchandise from HelloTux. We get a small commission for each item sold, and you get a quality product to show for it.
+
+[Buy on HelloTux.com](https://hellotux.com/privacyguides){ class="md-button" }
+
+## Non-Financial Support
+
+It takes a lot of [people](contributors.md) and [work](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/pulse/monthly) to keep Privacy Guides up to date and spread the word about privacy and mass surveillance. If you're looking for other ways to help out, consider getting involved by [editing the site](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org), [joining our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net), or [contributing translations](https://crowdin.com/project/privacyguides).
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
---
-title: Donation Acceptance Policy
-description: Privacy Guides aspires to obtain funding from a wide variety of sources to reduce our dependency on any single donor. Please consider donating!
---
-
-Privacy Guides takes the ethical responsibility of making unbiased recommendations on its website very seriously.
-
-Privacy Guides aspires to obtain funding from a wide variety of sources to reduce our dependency on any single donor. Please consider [donating](donate.md)!
-
-## What we **can** accept
-
-In the course of our regular fundraising activities...
-
- Donations and other forms of support will generally be accepted from individuals, corporations, foundations, or other entities, without limitations.
-    - This includes cash, cash equivalents (checks, money orders, credit/debit card payments), and cryptocurrency.
- Gifts of Real Property, Personal Property, or Securities may only be accepted upon approval of the MAGIC Grants board of directors.
-
-Privacy Guides will only accept such gifts that are legal and consistent with our policies. Gifts must not interfere with Privacy Guides' mission, purpose, and procedures.
-
-## Things we do **not** do
-
- Accept sponsorships.
- Offer to recommend a product or service in exchange for a donation or other incentive.
- Threaten to remove a recommendation for a product or service unless we receive a donation or other incentive.
- Offer to expedite a review of a product or service in exchange for a donation or other incentive.
- Write sponsored content or feature sponsored components in our content.
-
-## Things we **may** do
-
- Accept donations from privacy-related companies and non-profits.
- Apply for grant programs.
- Accept free versions of software or hardware to test and review, while being mindful of possible differences in versions that could differ from a regular customer experience. ([More details](executive-policy.md#ep1-freely-provided-product-samples))
- Accept discounted versions of software or hardware that assist our operations (for example, discounted software costs made available to non-profits).
-
-## Restrictions on gifts
-
-Privacy Guides accepts unrestricted gifts, and we appreciate the flexibility to apply your gift to our programs where they are most needed.
-
-We also accept and appreciate gifts for specified programs or purposes, provided that such gifts are consistent with our program's stated mission, purpose, and priority. Privacy Guides will not accept gifts which are too restrictive in purpose.
-
-Examples of gifts which are too restrictive include:
-
- Those which fund the research and review of a specific product category or specific product.
- Those which violate our existing policies.
- Those which are too difficult for us to administer.
- Those that are for purposes outside our general mission.
-
-An example of an acceptable restriction could be a gift towards funding our [video](https://www.privacyguides.org/videos/) production, or hosting our website and forum.
-
-Final decisions on the restrictive nature of a gift and its acceptance or refusal will be made by our executive committee.
-
-## Additional terms
-
-Privacy Guides generally does not pay "finder's fees" or commissions to third parties in connection with any gift to Privacy Guides. We may, however, pay commissions and fees to properly negotiate and receive assets when appropriate.
-
-No officer, committee member, employee, or other agent of Privacy Guides will be compensated in a manner which is dependent on the size or nature of gifts made to Privacy Guides by any person. If we engage with legal, accounting, or other professionals, their fees and expenses will be determined by the time they spend engaged with our work, and not by reference to any particular gift in connection to their retainer.
-
-Privacy Guides always follows the MAGIC Grants Gift Acceptance Policy, available on their website: <https://magicgrants.org/about/documentation/>
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+---
+title: "Privacy Policy"
+description: We do not sell or share your data with any third-parties.
+---
+Privacy Guides is a community project operated by a number of active contributors. The public list of team members [can be found on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u?group=team&order=solutions&period=all).
+
+## Data We Collect From Visitors
+
+The privacy of our website visitors is important to us, so we do not track any individual people. As a visitor to our website:
+
+- No personal information is stored
+- No information is shared with, sent to or sold to third-parties
+- No information is shared with advertising companies
+- No information is mined and harvested for personal and behavioral trends
+- No information is monetized
+
+You can view the data we collect on our [statistics](statistics.md) page.
+
+We run a self-hosted installation of [Umami](https://umami.is) to collect some anonymous usage data for statistical purposes. The goal is to track overall trends in our website traffic, it is not to track individual visitors. All the data is in aggregate only, and no personal data is stored.
+
+The only data which is collected is data sent in a standard web request, which includes referral sources, the page you're visiting, your user agent, your IP address, and your screen resolution. The raw data is immediately discarded after statistics have been generated, for example if we collect your screen resolution as `1125x2436`, the only data we retain is "mobile device" and not your specific resolution.
+
+## Data We Collect From Account Holders
+
+If you register for an account on one of our services, we may collect any information you provide us (such as your email, password, profile information, etc.) and use that information to provide you with the service. We never share or sell this data.
+
+Some services we host have separate privacy policies which supersede this document. For example, the privacy policy of our forum can be found at [discuss.privacyguides.net/privacy](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/privacy).
+
+## Contacting Us
+
+Even in the limited cases where your data is collected, our volunteers and most members of the Privacy Guides team have no access to that information. Some information (such as your email address) may be accessible to moderators via limited control panels for the purposes of moderating our communities.
+
+Thus, inquiries regarding your personal information should be sent directly to:
+
+```text
+Jonah Aragon
+Services Administrator
+jonah@privacyguides.org
+```
+
+For all other inquiries, you can contact any member of our team.
+
+For complaints under GDPR more generally, you always have the option to lodge complaints with your local data protection supervisory authorities.
+
+## About This Policy
+
+We will post any new versions of this statement [here](privacy-policy.md). We may change how we announce changes in future versions of this document. In the meantime we may update our contact information at any time without announcing a change. Please refer to the [Privacy Policy](privacy-policy.md) for the latest contact information at any time.
+
+A full revision [history](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits/main/docs/about/privacy-policy.md) of this page can be found on GitHub.
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ description: An overview of several network architectures commonly used by insta
 There are several network architectures commonly used to relay messages between people. These networks can provide different privacy guarantees, which is why it's worth considering your [threat model](../basics/threat-modeling.md) when deciding which app to use.

 [Recommended Instant Messengers](../real-time-communication.md){ .md-button }
-[:material-movie-open-play-outline: Video: It's time to stop using SMS](https://www.privacyguides.org/videos/2025/01/24/its-time-to-stop-using-sms-heres-why/){ .md-button }

 ## Centralized Networks

@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ description: Tor is a free to use, decentralized network designed for using the

 [**Tor**](../alternative-networks.md#tor) is a free to use, decentralized network designed for using the internet with as much privacy as possible. If used properly, the network enables private and anonymous browsing and communications. Because Tor traffic is difficult to block and trace, Tor is an effective censorship circumvention tool.

-[:material-movie-open-play-outline: Video: Why You Need Tor](https://www.privacyguides.org/videos/2025/03/02/why-you-need-tor/){ .md-button }
-
 Tor works by routing your internet traffic through volunteer-operated servers, instead of making a direct connection to the site you're trying to visit. This obfuscates where the traffic is coming from, and no server in the connection path is able to see the full path of where the traffic is coming from and going to, meaning even the servers you are using to connect cannot break your anonymity.

 [:octicons-home-16:](https://torproject.org){ .card-link title=Homepage }
@@ -121,6 +121,6 @@ The [F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages) and [IzzyOnDroid](https://apt.izz
 <div class="admonition note" markdown>
 <p class="admonition-title">F-Droid Basic</p>

-In some rare cases, the developer of an app will only distribute it through F-Droid ([Gadgetbridge](../health-and-wellness.md#gadgetbridge) is one example of this). If you really need an app like that, we recommend using the newer [F-Droid Basic](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/org.fdroid.basic) client instead of the original F-Droid app to obtain it. F-Droid Basic supports automatic background updates without privileged extension or root, and has a reduced feature set (limiting attack surface).
+In some rare cases, the developer of an app will only distribute it through F-Droid ([Gadgetbridge](https://gadgetbridge.org) is one example of this). If you really need an app like that, we recommend using the newer [F-Droid Basic](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/org.fdroid.basic) client instead of the original F-Droid app to obtain it. F-Droid Basic supports automatic background updates without privileged extension or root, and has a reduced feature set (limiting attack surface).

 </div>
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ description: Virtual Private Networks shift risk away from your ISP to a third-p

 Virtual Private Networks are a way of extending the end of your network to exit somewhere else in the world.

-[:material-movie-open-play-outline: Video: Do you need a VPN?](https://www.privacyguides.org/videos/2024/12/12/do-you-need-a-vpn/){ .md-button }
-
 Normally, an ISP can see the flow of internet traffic entering and exiting your network termination device (i.e. modem). Encryption protocols such as HTTPS are commonly used on the internet, so they may not be able to see exactly what you're posting or reading, but they can get an idea of the [domains you request](../advanced/dns-overview.md#why-shouldnt-i-use-encrypted-dns).

 Using a VPN hides even this information from your ISP, by shifting the trust you place in your network to a server somewhere else in the world. As a result, the ISP then only sees that you are connected to a VPN and nothing about the activity that you're passing through it.
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@ Privacy is ultimately about human information, and this is important because we

 Many people get the concepts of **privacy**, **security**, and **anonymity** confused. You'll see people criticize various products as "not private" when really they mean it doesn't provide anonymity, for example. On this website, we cover all three of these topics, but it is important you understand the difference between them, and when each one comes into play.

-[:material-movie-open-play-outline: Video: Stop Confusing Privacy, Anonymity, and Security](https://www.privacyguides.org/videos/2025/03/14/stop-confusing-privacy-anonymity-and-security/){ .md-button }
-
 <!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line -->
 **Privacy**

@@ -52,8 +50,6 @@ Take cookie consent forms, for example. You may encounter these dozens of times

 Privacy is something we need to have baked into the [software and services](../tools.md) we use by default, you can't bend most apps into being private on your own.

-[:material-movie-open-play-outline: Video: 5 Steps to Improve Your Privacy](https://www.privacyguides.org/videos/2025/02/14/5-easy-steps-to-protect-yourself-online/){ class="md-button" }
-
 ## Sources

 - [Why Privacy Matters](https://amazon.com/dp/0190939044) (2021) by Neil Richards
@@ -108,9 +108,7 @@ This is required to prevent advanced forms of tracking, but does come at the cos

 ### Mullvad Leta

-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+Mullvad Browser comes with DuckDuckGo set as the default [search engine](search-engines.md), but it also comes pre-installed with **Mullvad Leta**, a search engine which requires an active Mullvad VPN subscription to access. Mullvad Leta queries Google's paid search API directly, which is why it is limited to paying subscribers. However, it is possible for Mullvad to correlate search queries and Mullvad VPN accounts because of this limitation. For this reason we discourage the use of Mullvad Leta, even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers.

 ## Firefox

@@ -249,31 +249,9 @@ Tuta doesn't offer a digital legacy feature.

 ## Self-Hosting Email

-Advanced system administrators may consider setting up their own email server. Mail servers require attention and continuous maintenance in order to keep things secure and mail delivery reliable. In addition to the "all-in-one" solutions below, we've picked out a few articles that cover a more manual approach:
+Advanced system administrators may consider setting up their own email server. Mail servers require attention and continuous maintenance in order to keep things secure and mail delivery reliable.

- [Setting up a mail server with OpenSMTPD, Dovecot and Rspamd](https://poolp.org/posts/2019-09-14/setting-up-a-mail-server-with-opensmtpd-dovecot-and-rspamd) (2019)
- [How To Run Your Own Mail Server](https://www.c0ffee.net/blog/mail-server-guide) (August 2017)
-
-### Stalwart
-
-<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
-
-![Stalwart logo](assets/img/email/stalwart.svg){ align=right }
-
-**Stalwart** is a newer mail server written in Rust which supports JMAP in addition to the standard IMAP, POP3, and SMTP. It has a wide variety of configuration options, but it also defaults to very reasonable settings (in terms of both security and features) making it easy to use immediately. It has web-based administration with TOTP 2FA support, and it allows you to enter your public PGP key to encrypt **all** incoming messages.
-
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://stalw.art){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://stalw.art/docs/get-started){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/stalwartlabs){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
-[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/sponsors/stalwartlabs){ .card-link title="Contribute" }
-
-</div>
-
-Stalwart's [PGP implementation](https://stalw.art/docs/encryption/overview) is unique among our self-hosted recommendations, and allows you to operate your own mail server with zero-knowledge message storage. If you additionally configure Web Key Directory on your domain, and if you use an email client which supports PGP and Web Key Directory for outgoing mail (like Thunderbird), then this is the easiest way to get self-hosted E2EE compatibility with all [Proton Mail](#proton-mail) users.
-
-Stalwart does **not** have an integrated webmail, so you will need to use it with a [dedicated email client](email-clients.md) (or find an open-source webmail to self-host, like Nextcloud's Mail app). We use Stalwart for our own internal email at *Privacy Guides*.
-
-### Mailcow
+### Combined software solutions

 <div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

@@ -288,8 +266,6 @@ Stalwart does **not** have an integrated webmail, so you will need to use it wit

 </div>

-### Mail-in-a-Box
-
 <div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

 ![Mail-in-a-Box logo](assets/img/email/mail-in-a-box.svg){ align=right }
@@ -302,6 +278,11 @@ Stalwart does **not** have an integrated webmail, so you will need to use it wit

 </div>

+For a more manual approach we've picked out these two articles:
+
+- [Setting up a mail server with OpenSMTPD, Dovecot and Rspamd](https://poolp.org/posts/2019-09-14/setting-up-a-mail-server-with-opensmtpd-dovecot-and-rspamd) (2019)
+- [How To Run Your Own Mail Server](https://c0ffee.net/blog/mail-server-guide) (August 2017)
+
 ## Criteria

 **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the providers we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements for any email provider wishing to be recommended, including implementing industry best practices, modern technology and more. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing an email provider, and conduct your own research to ensure the email provider you choose is the right choice for you.
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@ ffsend upload --host https://send.vis.ee/ FILE
 - [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://onionshare.org/#download)
 - [:simple-apple: macOS](https://onionshare.org/#download)
 - [:simple-linux: Linux](https://onionshare.org/#download)
- [:simple-flathub: Flathub](https://flathub.org/apps/org.onionshare.OnionShare)

 </details>

@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
---
-meta_title: "Privacy Respecting Health and Wellness apps for Android and iOS - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Health and Wellness Apps"
-icon: material/heart-pulse
-description: These applications are what we currently recommend for all health and fitness-related activites on your phone.
-cover: health-cover.webp
---
-<small>Protects against the following threat(s):</small>
-
- [:material-server-network: Service Providers](basics/common-threats.md#privacy-from-service-providers){ .pg-teal }
-
-Keep track of your health and fitness-related goals with these apps. Unlike their mainstream alternatives, your personal health information will be kept private.
-
-## Menstrual Cycle Tracking
-
-Popular menstrual trackers like [Flo](https://techcrunch.com/2021/01/13/flo-gets-ftc-slap-for-sharing-user-data-when-it-promised-privacy) are notorious for collecting and sharing your user data. Depending on your jurisdiction, this may lead to [legal consequences](https://forbes.com/sites/abigaildubiniecki/2024/11/14/post-roe-your-period-app-data-could-be-used-against-you) affecting your reproductive autonomy.
-
-### drip.
-
-<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
-
-![drip logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/drip.png){ align=right }
-
-**drip.** is a gender-inclusive and open source menstrual cycle tracker available on all mobile platforms. It relies on the "sympto-thermal method" to predict ovulation. All user data is stored locally on your device and can be protected with a password.
-
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://bloodyhealth.gitlab.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://bloodyhealth.gitlab.io/privacy-policy.html){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://bloodyhealth.gitlab.io/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.com/bloodyhealth/drip){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
-
-<details class="downloads" markdown>
-<summary>Downloads</summary>
-
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.drip)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/drip/id1584564949)
- [:simple-android: Android](https://bloodyhealth.gitlab.io)
-
-</details>
-
-</div>
-
-### Euki
-
-<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
-
-![Euki logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/euki.svg){ align=right }
-
-**Euki** is a nonprofit-backed menstrual cycle tracker that also doubles as a medication tracker and sexual wellness knowledge base. It allows you to schedule the automatic deletion of your personal data in the app. All user data is stored locally on your device and can be protected with a password.
-
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://eukiapp.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://eukiapp.org/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Euki-Inc/Euki-Android){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
-[:octicons-heart-16:](https://every.org/euki-app){ .card-link title="Contribute" }
-
-<details class="downloads" markdown>
-<summary>Downloads</summary>
-
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kollectivemobile.euki)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/euki/id1469213846)
-
-</details>
-
-</div>
-
-## Fitness Trackers
-
-These general purpose apps can do everything from counting steps and tracking sleep to measuring your heartbeat.
-
-### Apple Health
-
-<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
-
-![Apple logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/apple-health.svg#only-light){ align=right }![Apple logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/apple-health-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
-
-**Apple Health** is the default health and fitness app for iOS. Apple Health always uses end-to-end encryption when syncing across multiple devices. Additionally, almost all measured data is processed on your device.
-
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://apple.com/health){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://apple.com/legal/privacy/consumer-health-personal-data/en-ww){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-
-<details class="downloads" markdown>
-<summary>Downloads</summary>
-
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-health/id1242545199)
-
-</details>
-
-</div>
-
-### Gadgetbridge
-
-<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
-
-![Gadgetbridge logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/gadgetbridge.svg#only-light){ align=right }![Gadgetbridge logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/gadgetbridge-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
-
-**Gadgetbridge** is an open-source Android application which allows you to pair and manage your Bluetooth device without relying on the vendor’s application. When paired with a compatible smartwatch, it can mimic the health and wellness functionality of these watches without third-party data collection.
-
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://gadgetbridge.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://gadgetbridge.org/basics){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://codeberg.org/Freeyourgadget/Gadgetbridge){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
-[:octicons-heart-16:](https://liberapay.com/Gadgetbridge/donate){ .card-link title="Contribute" }
-
-<details class="downloads" markdown>
-<summary>Downloads</summary>
-
- [:simple-android: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/nodomain.freeyourgadget.gadgetbridge)
-
-</details>
-
-</div>
-
-Gadgetbridge's app functionality includes, but is not limited to: step counting, sleep tracking, heart rate monitoring, etc.
-
-Make sure to review the smartwatch [compatibility list](https://gadgetbridge.org/gadgets) before purchasing a device. Some devices require you to download the vendor's app and connect the smartwatch to their servers prior to installing Gadgetbridge.
-
-## Health Records
-
-These apps help you collect and manage personal health data and share it with health providers, organizations, and other apps.
-
-### Apple Health Records
-
-<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
-
-![Apple logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/apple-health.svg#only-light){ align=right }![Apple logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/apple-health-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
-
-**Apple Health Records** is a built-in feature within [Apple Health](#apple-health) that allows you to view, store, and share your health records. It shares the security and privacy features of Apple Health.
-
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://apple.com/health){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://apple.com/legal/privacy/consumer-health-personal-data/en-ww){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-
-<details class="downloads" markdown>
-<summary>Downloads</summary>
-
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-health/id1242545199)
-
-</details>
-
-</div>
-
-### CommonHealth
-
-<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
-
-![CommonHealth logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/commonhealth.png){ align=right }
-
-**CommonHealth** is a privacy-respecting Android app that allows people to access their electronic health records and securely share it to providers. All health data is stored on your device and can be protected with a passcode or biometric authentication.
-
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://commonhealth.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://commonhealth.org/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-
-<details class="downloads" markdown>
-<summary>Downloads</summary>
-
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.thecommonsproject.android.phr)
-
-</details>
-
-</div>
-
-CommonHealth is only available in the United States. Although the app itself is closed source, the [developer SDK is open source](https://github.com/the-commons-project).
-
-## Criteria
-
-**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
-
-### Minimum Requirements
-
- Must support automatic updates.
- Must not store unencrypted data outside the device.
- Must function offline.
@@ -70,8 +70,7 @@ Trying to protect all your data from everyone all the time is impractical, expen
 <div markdown>
 **Privacy Guides** has a dedicated [community](https://discuss.privacyguides.net) independently reviewing various *privacy tools* and services. Each of our recommendations comply with a strict set of criteria to ensure they provide the most value to most people, and provide the best balance of privacy, security, and convenience. As part of a non-profit **public charity**, Privacy Guides has strict **journalistic standards** and policies to ensure our recommendations are free of conflict of interest, and we do not partner with providers or affiliate programs that could sway our reviews and recommendations.

-[:material-heart:{.pg-red} Support Our Work](about/donate.md){ class="md-button md-button--primary" }
-
+[:material-heart:{.pg-red} Support Our Work](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
 </div>

 - [x] **Ad-Free Recommendations**
@@ -83,6 +82,82 @@ Trying to protect all your data from everyone all the time is impractical, expen

 </div>

+### Top 3 Private Email Providers
+
+<div class="grid cards" markdown>
+
+-   ![Proton Mail logo](assets/img/email/protonmail.svg){ .lg .middle .twemoji loading=lazy } **Proton Mail**
+
+    ---
+
+    Proton Mail is an email service with a focus on privacy, encryption, security, and ease of use. They have been in operation since 2013. Proton AG is based in Geneva, Switzerland. The Proton Mail Free plan comes with 500 MB of Mail storage, which you can increase up to 1 GB for free.
+
+    [:octicons-arrow-right-24: Read Full Review](email.md#proton-mail)
+
+-   ![Mailbox.org logo](assets/img/email/mailboxorg.svg){ .lg .middle .twemoji loading=lazy } **Mailbox.org**
+
+    ---
+
+    Mailbox.org is an email service with a focus on being secure, ad-free, and privately powered by 100% eco-friendly energy. They have been in operation since 2014. Mailbox.org is based in Berlin, Germany. Accounts start with up to 2 GB storage, which can be upgraded as needed.
+
+    [:octicons-arrow-right-24: Read Full Review](email.md#mailboxorg)
+
+-   ![Tuta logo](assets/img/email/tuta.svg#only-light){ .lg .middle .twemoji loading=lazy }![Tuta logo](assets/img/email/tuta-dark.svg#only-dark){ .lg .middle .twemoji loading=lazy } **Tuta**
+
+    ---
+
+    Tuta (formerly *Tutanota*) is an email service with a focus on security and privacy through the use of encryption. Tuta has been in operation since 2011 and is based in Hanover, Germany. Free accounts start with 1 GB of storage.
+
+    [:octicons-arrow-right-24: Read Full Review](email.md#tuta)
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="grid" markdown>
+<div markdown>
+### Best VPN Services
+
+<div class="grid cards" markdown>
+
+- ![Proton VPN logo](assets/img/vpn/protonvpn.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Proton VPN](vpn.md#proton-vpn)
+- ![IVPN logo](assets/img/vpn/mini/ivpn.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [IVPN](vpn.md#ivpn)
+- ![Mullvad logo](assets/img/vpn/mullvad.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad](vpn.md#mullvad)
+
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div markdown>
+### Secure Cloud Storage Services
+
+<div class="grid cards" markdown>
+
+- ![Proton Drive logo](assets/img/cloud/protondrive.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Proton Drive](cloud.md#proton-drive)
+- ![Tresorit logo](assets/img/cloud/tresorit.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Tresorit](cloud.md#tresorit)
+- ![Peergos logo](assets/img/cloud/peergos.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Peergos](cloud.md#peergos)
+
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div markdown>
+### Best Web Browsers
+
+<div class="grid cards" markdown>
+
+- ![Mullvad Browser logo](assets/img/browsers/mullvad_browser.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser)
+- ![Firefox logo](assets/img/browsers/firefox.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Firefox](desktop-browsers.md#firefox)
+- ![Brave logo](assets/img/browsers/brave.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave](desktop-browsers.md#brave)
+
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+[:material-format-list-checkbox: More Recommended **Privacy Tools**](tools.md){ class="md-button md-button--primary" }
+[Best Mobile Browsers](mobile-browsers.md){ .md-button }
+[Top Browser Extensions](browser-extensions.md){ .md-button }
+[DNS Servers](dns.md){ .md-button }
+[Email Aliasing Services](email-aliasing.md){ .md-button }
+[Photo Organization Tools](photo-management.md){ .md-button }
+[PC Operating Systems](desktop.md){ .md-button }
+
 ---

 ## About Privacy Guides
@@ -95,7 +170,7 @@ Established in 2021 due to the difficulty of finding unbiased reviewers in the V

 As seen in **WIRED**, **Tweakers.net**, **The New York Times**, and many other publications as a reliable source for privacy and security knowledge.

-[:material-information: More About Who We Are](about.md){ class="md-button" }
+[:material-information: More About Who We Are](about.md){ class="md-button md-button--primary" } [:material-email: Join our Newsletter](https://blog.privacyguides.org/#/portal/signup){ .md-button }

 <div class="grid" markdown>
 <div markdown>
@@ -113,6 +188,6 @@ In the modern age of digital data exploitation, your privacy has never been more

 Many people get the concepts of privacy, security, and anonymity confused. You'll see people criticize various products as "not private" when really they mean it doesn't provide anonymity, for example. On this website, we cover all three of these topics, but it is important you understand the difference between them, and when each one comes into play.

-[:material-movie-open-play-outline: Video: 5 Steps to Improve Your Privacy](https://www.privacyguides.org/videos/2025/02/14/5-easy-steps-to-protect-yourself-online/){ class="md-button" }
+[Privacy vs Security vs Anonymity](basics/why-privacy-matters.md#what-is-privacy){ class="md-button" }
 </div>
 </div>
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ cover: language-tools.webp
 - [:material-server-network: Service Providers](basics/common-threats.md#privacy-from-service-providers){ .pg-teal }
 - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown }

-Text inputted to grammar, spelling, and style checkers, as well as translation services, can contain sensitive information which may be stored on their servers for an indefinite amount of time and sold to third parties. The language tools listed on this page do not store your submitted text to a server, and can be self-hosted and used offline for maximum control of your data.
+Text inputted to grammar, spelling, and style checkers, as well as translation services, can contain sensitive information which may be stored on their servers for an indefinite amount of time and sold to third parties. The language tools listed on this page do not send your submitted text to a server, and can be self-hosted and used offline for maximum control of your data.

 ## LanguageTool

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Text inputted to grammar, spelling, and style checkers, as well as translation s
 ![LanguageTool logo](assets/img/language-tools/languagetool.svg#only-light){ align=right }
 ![LanguageTool logo](assets/img/language-tools/languagetool-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }

-**LanguageTool** is a multilingual grammar, style, and spell checker that supports more than 20 languages. According to their privacy policy, they do not store any content sent to their service for review, but for higher assurance the software is [self-hostable](https://dev.languagetool.org/http-server).
+**LanguageTool** is a multilingual grammar, style and spell checker that supports more than 20 languages. According to their privacy policy, they do not store any content sent to their service for review, but for higher assurance the software is [self-hostable](https://dev.languagetool.org/http-server).

 [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://languagetool.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
 [:octicons-eye-16:](https://languagetool.org/legal/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Maps and Navigation Apps - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Maps and Navigation"
-icon: material/map
-description: Privacy-respecting map providers and navigation apps which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches and locations.
-cover: maps.webp
---
-<small>Protects against the following threat(s):</small>
-
- [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown }
-
-Use a **map and navigation app** that doesn't build an advertising profile based on your searches and location history. Instead of using Google Maps, Apple Maps, or Waze, we recommend these privacy-respecting alternatives.
-
-The recommendations here either do not collect any user data or at least do not collect personally identifying information (PII) based on each service's privacy policy. There is **no guarantee** that these privacy policies are honored.
-
-## Organic Maps
-
-<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
-
-![Organic Maps logo](assets/img/maps/organic-maps.svg){ align=right }
-
-**Organic Maps** is an open source, community-developed map display and satnav-style navigation app for walkers, drivers, and cyclists. The app offers worldwide offline maps based on OpenStreetMap data, and navigation with privacy — no location tracking, no data collection, and no ads. The app can be used completely offline.
-
-Features include cycling routes, hiking trails and walking paths, turn-by-turn navigation with voice guidance, and public transport route planning (only available in supported regions and cities).
-
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://organicmaps.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://organicmaps.app/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/organicmaps/organicmaps){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
-
-<details class="downloads" markdown>
-<summary>Downloads</summary>
-
- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/organicmaps/organicmaps)
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=app.organicmaps)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/organic-maps/id1567437057)
- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://flathub.org/apps/app.organicmaps.desktop)
-
-</details>
-
-</div>
-
-Please note that Organic Maps is a simple, basic app that lacks certain features many users might expect, such as satellite images, street view images, and real-time traffic information.
-
-## OsmAnd
-
-<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
-
-![OsmAnd logo](assets/img/maps/osmand.svg){ align=right }
-
-**OsmAnd** is an offline map and navigation application based on OpenStreetMap, offering turn-by-turn navigation for walking, cycling, driving, as well as public transport. It is open-source and does not collect any user data.
-
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://osmand.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://osmand.net/docs/legal/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://osmand.net/docs/intro){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/osmandapp){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
-
-<details class="downloads" markdown>
-<summary>Downloads</summary>
-
- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.osmand)
- [:simple-android: Android](https://osmand.net/docs/versions/free-versions)
- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/osmand-maps-travel-navigate/id934850257)
-
-</details>
-
-</div>
-
-Compared to Organic Maps, OsmAnd has more [features](https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/OsmAnd#Features) but is also more complicated to use. One noteworthy feature is the ability to overlay or underlay external map data, such as satellite images from Microsoft or [traffic data](https://web.archive.org/web/20211203063453/http://themm.net/public/osmand_traffic) from Google, although the latter is ignored by the automatic route planning. OsmAnd also has an optional integration of street view images provided by [Mapillary](https://mapillary.com).
-
-## Criteria
-
-**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
-
-### Minimum Requirements
-
- Must not collect PII per their privacy policy.
- Must not require users to create an account with them.
- Must not require users to share location data. If the user opts in to sharing their location, this data must be anonymized.
- Must retain core functionality when offline and allow users to download maps for offline use.
-
-### Best-Case
-
-Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
-
- Apps should be open source.
- Should have route planning for public transport.
- Should have real-time traffic information for route planning.
- Should support advanced features such as detailed shop/point of interest (POI) information and reviews, topographic maps, and satellite and street view images.
@@ -102,6 +102,18 @@ schema:
      "@context": http://schema.org
      "@type": WebPage
      url: "./"
+  -
+    "@context": http://schema.org
+    "@type": SoftwareApplication
+    name: Strongbox
+    image: /assets/img/password-management/strongbox.svg
+    url: https://strongboxsafe.com
+    applicationCategory: Password Manager
+    operatingSystem: iOS
+    subjectOf:
+      "@context": http://schema.org
+      "@type": WebPage
+      url: "./"
  -
    "@context": http://schema.org
    "@type": SoftwareApplication
@@ -363,6 +375,31 @@ KeePassXC stores its export data as [CSV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-se

 </div>

+### Strongbox (iOS & macOS)
+
+<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
+
+![Strongbox logo](assets/img/password-management/strongbox.svg){ align=right }
+
+**Strongbox** is a native password manager for iOS and macOS. Supporting both KeePass and Password Safe formats, Strongbox can be used in tandem with other password managers, like KeePassXC, on non-Apple platforms. By employing a [freemium model](https://strongboxsafe.com/pricing), Strongbox offers most features under its free tier, with more convenience-oriented [features](https://strongboxsafe.com/comparison)—such as biometric authentication—locked behind a subscription or perpetual license.
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://strongboxsafe.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://strongboxsafe.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://strongboxsafe.com/getting-started){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/strongbox-password-safe/Strongbox){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
+[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/strongbox-password-safe/Strongbox#supporting-development){ .card-link title="Contribute" }
+
+<details class="downloads" markdown>
+<summary>Downloads</summary>
+
+- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id897283731)
+
+</details>
+
+</div>
+
+Additionally, Strongbox offers an offline-only version: [Strongbox Zero](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1581589638). This version is stripped down in an attempt to reduce attack surface.
+
 ### gopass (CLI)

 <div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
@@ -25,22 +25,6 @@ cover: pastebins.webp

 </div>

-## Paaster
-
-<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
-
-![Paaster logo](assets/img/pastebins/paaster.svg){ align=right }
-
-**Paaster** is a secure and user-friendly pastebin application that prioritizes privacy and simplicity. With end-to-end encryption and paste history, Paaster ensures that your pasted code remains confidential and accessible.
-
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://paaster.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://paaster.io/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/WardPearce/paaster#security){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/WardPearce/paaster){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
-[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/sponsors/WardPearce){ .card-link title="Contribute" }
-
-</div>
-
 ## Criteria

 **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
@@ -1,324 +0,0 @@
---
-title: "Privacy Policy"
-description: We do not sell or share your data with any third-parties.
---
-## What is Privacy Guides?
-
-Privacy Guides is a community project operated by a number of active contributors. The public list of team members [can be found on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u?group=team&order=solutions&period=all). Privacy Guides is legally administered by [MAGIC Grants](https://magicgrants.org/), a 501(c)(3) public charity acting as our fiscal host.
-
-As a project, we make available to the public:
-
- [privacyguides.org](https://www.privacyguides.org), this website
- [discuss.privacyguides.net](https://discuss.privacyguides.net), our community forum
- [code.privacyguides.dev](https://code.privacyguides.dev), public source code repositories
-
-This privacy notice covers all Privacy Guides projects authorized and operated by the MAGIC Privacy Guides Fund executive committee.
-
-Please note that when you make a donation to us on [donate.magicgrants.org](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides), MAGIC Grants has published a [separate privacy policy](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacy) covering that platform.
-
-## How does Privacy Guides collect data about me?
-
-Privacy Guides collects data about you:
-
- When you visit our websites
- When you create and use an account on our websites
- When you post, send private messages, and otherwise participate in a community that Privacy Guides hosts
- When you sign up for a mailing list, email notifications, or announcements
- When you make a donation to us on GitHub Sponsors
- When you become a donating member and link your MAGIC Grants account to your Privacy Guides forum account
- When you contribute to our website or other open-source projects
- When you contact us
-
-Privacy Guides does not buy or receive data about you from data brokers.
-
-## Does Privacy Guides sell my personal information?
-
-No. Privacy Guides does not sell personal information. Additionally, Privacy Guides does not share personal information with third parties for the purpose of advertising.
-
-## What personal information does Privacy Guides collect, and why?
-
-### Privacy Guides collects information about visits to its websites
-
-When you visit one of our websites, whether you have an account or not, we use server logs and other methods to collect data about what pages you visit and when.
-
-We use this data to:
-
- Optimize our websites, so they are quick and easy to use.
- Diagnose and debug technical errors.
- Defend our websites from abuse and technical attacks.
- Compile statistics on page/topic popularity.
- Compile statistics on the type of browser and devices our visitors use.
-
-We generally store the above information for just a few weeks. In special circumstances, such as during an ongoing technical attack or a subsequent investigation, we may preserve some log data longer for analysis.
-
-Privacy Guides stores aggregated statistics for as long as we host our websites, but those statistics do not contain data identifiable to you personally.
-
-### Privacy Guides collects account data
-
-Many features on our forum or other account-based services require an account. For example, you are required to have an account in order to post and reply to topics.
-
-To sign up for an account, Privacy Guides requires your email address, a username, and a password.
-
-We use this account data in order to identify you on the website, and to create pages specific to you, such as your profile page. We publish your account data to your public profile in accordance to your profile's configuration.
-
-Privacy Guides uses your email address to:
-
- Notify you about posts and other activity on our website.
- Reset your password and help keep your account secure.
- Contact you in special circumstances related to your account.
- Contact you about legal requests, like DMCA takedown requests.
-
-You may optionally provide additional details about your account, like your name, a short biography, your location, or your birthday, on the profile settings page for your account. Privacy Guides makes that information available to others who have access to the forum. You don’t have to provide this additional information, and you can erase it at any time.
-
-Privacy Guides stores this account data as long as your account remains open.
-
-### Privacy Guides collects data about posts and other activity on our forum
-
-Privacy Guides collects the content of your posts, plus data about bookmarks, likes, and links you follow in order to share that data with others, through the forum. We also publish this activity to the public.
-
-Privacy Guides also collects data about private messages that you send through the forum. Privacy Guides makes private messages available to senders and their recipients, and also to forum moderators and administrators.
-
-Privacy Guides stores your posts and other activity as long as your account remains open.
-
-### Privacy Guides collects data you give to sign up for mailing lists and announcements
-
-When you fill out and submit a web form to sign up for mailing lists or announcements, Privacy Guides collects the information you put in the form, such as your e-mail address.
-
-Privacy Guides stores this information until you unsubscribe from the mailing list.
-
-### Privacy Guides does not collect sensitive personal information
-
-Privacy Guides does not intentionally collect sensitive personal information, such as government identification numbers, information on racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, genetic data, biometric data, health data, or any of the special categories of personal data specified by the GDPR.
-
-### Privacy Guides collects data about open source contributors
-
-Contributors to Privacy Guides' website may be asked to provide identifying and contact information such as your name and email address.
-
-Privacy Guides uses this information to maintain the integrity of our website, software, and license agreements, both our own licenses and the license between Privacy Guides and our contributors. Privacy Guides stores this information for as long as your contributions are incorporated into our open source software, including this website.
-
-### Privacy Guides collects data when you donate to us
-
-When you donate to us on GitHub Sponsors, we collect your GitHub username and profile picture. Your payment information is also collected by our subprocessors GitHub and Stripe in order to facilitate the transaction.
-
-If you choose to make your donation public during or after the checkout process on GitHub, Privacy Guides will share your username and profile picture on our websites for the purposes of fulfilling your request. You may revoke this consent at any time, and we will no longer share your donation status publicly. It may take until the next website release for your data to be removed from public visibility.
-
-When you donate to us on [donate.magicgrants.org](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides), a [separate privacy policy](https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacy) applies as noted at the beginning of this document.
-
-However, if you optionally link your `donate.magicgrants.org` account to your Privacy Guides forum account, our forum collects some personal data which is covered by this notice: namely your forum username and whether you have an active membership.
-
-We process that information in order to grant you special perks on the forum. Additionally, if you choose to make this status public by setting a members-only title or flair, we will share the status of your active membership on our websites.
-
-This information is stored for as long as your membership is active, or until you unlink your forum and MAGIC Grants donation accounts in your profile settings. It may take until the next website release for your data to be fully removed from public visibility.
-
-### Privacy Guides collects data when you contact us
-
-When you contact Privacy Guides via email, Signal, or any of our other contact methods, we collect the information you submit to us, and any identifying information associated with the account you use to contact us. For example, when you contact us via Signal we will collect your Signal profile information. When you contact us via email we will collect your email address, name, and mail server IP address.
-
-In this case we limit the processing of any personal data you provide us to what is strictly necessary to communicate with you and organize our messages.
-
-Privacy Guides stores this data for as long as we are in contact with you, or for up to 1 year after your last contact with us. You have the right to request all data related to your private communication with us be deleted at any time, and we will generally do so within 7 days.
-
-### The Privacy Guides website stores local data
-
-Our website uses Local Storage in your browser to store your color scheme preference. This data is only used by client-side JavaScript to change the color scheme of this website according to your preference.
-
-Our website also uses Session Storage to cache the current version number of this website and the number of stars/forks of our GitHub repository. This data is fetched once per session from GitHub, and is only used by client-side JavaScript to display that information at the top of each page.
-
-No locally stored data on this website is transmitted to Privacy Guides, and it can not be used to identify you.
-
-### The Privacy Guides forum uses cookies
-
-Our forum is built on Discourse, which uses the following cookies:
-
-| Name                | Essential | Expires        | Purpose                                                                                                |
-| ------------------- | --------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
-| email               | Yes       | Session        | remembers your e-mail as you create an account                                                         |
-| destination_url     | Yes       | Session        | helps redirect you to your requested page after logging in                                             |
-| sso_destination_url | Yes       | Session        | helps redirect you to your request page after single sign on                                           |
-| sso_payload         | Yes       | Session        | used during SSO authentication when two-factor authentication is enabled                               |
-| authentication_data | Yes       | Next Page View | temporarily stores user information during login flows                                                 |
-| theme_ids           | Yes       | 1 year         | remembers your theme personalization if you don’t tick “Make this my default theme on all my devices”  |
-| color_scheme_id     | Yes       | 1 year         | remembers your color personalization if you don’t tick “Set default color scheme(s) on all my devices” |
-| dark_scheme_id      | Yes       | 1 year         | remembers your color personalization if you don’t tick “Set default color scheme(s) on all my devices” |
-| cn                  | Yes       | Session        | temporarily stores notification read state                                                             |
-| _bypass_cache       | Yes       | Session        | allows the server-side cache to be bypassed during login flows                                         |
-| _t                  | Yes       | 1440 Hours     | remembers who you are when you log in                                                                  |
-| _forum_session      | Yes       | Session        | associates an ID, and other security-related information, with your browsing session                   |
-| dosp                | Yes       | Next Page View | enables client denial of service protection, a security protection                                     |
-| text_size           | Yes       | 1 year         | remembers default text size when a user wants to change it on only one device                          |
-| cookietest          | Yes       | Session        | checks if cookies are enabled when authentication fails                                                |
-| __profilin          | No        | Session        | used by software developers to bypass rack-mini-profiler                                               |
-
-Your web browser can show you the cookies you have for any website and help you manage them.
-
-### Privacy Guides makes regular backups of all data
-
-Privacy Guides keeps automated backups of **all** data it collects. These backups are stored for up to 30 days. Any time you delete personal data from our websites, a copy may be retained in backup archives until those archives are pruned.
-
-## Does Privacy Guides use personal information for marketing purposes?
-
-Privacy Guides may use personal data about our users in order to directly promote our own resources, such as for sharing new resources or when fundraising. We also use the information you give us when signing up for our mailing lists and announcements to send those messages.
-
-You can always opt out of marketing communications from us, and you have the right to object to any processing of your information for marketing purposes.
-
-Privacy Guides never provides or sells your data to third-parties for marketing purposes.
-
-## How can I make choices about data collection?
-
-Your account on our websites has a settings page which provides you with options about how your data is used.
-
-Most web browsers let you make choices about whether to accept cookies, for specific websites or more generally.
-
-Privacy Guides does not respond to the (now deprecated) [Do Not Track HTTP header](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Not_Track).
-
-## Where does Privacy Guides store data about me?
-
-Most data is hosted by [Triplebit](https://www.triplebit.org/) web services in the United States.
-
-Some publicly accessible data may be hosted by Content Delivery Networks with servers in other jurisdictions. For example, your profile picture may be stored on multiple servers around the world in order to improve the performance for visitors to our website.
-
-## Does Privacy Guides comply with the EU General Data Protection Regulation?
-
-Privacy Guides respects rights under the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Information that GDPR requires Privacy Guides to give can be found throughout this privacy notice, including information on the rights of data subjects.
-
-### What are my rights under the GDPR?
-
-The GDPR provides you with the following rights with respect to personal information about you that we collect or process:
-
- the right to [access](#where-can-i-access-data-about-me) your personal data
- the right to [rectification](#how-can-i-change-or-erase-data-about-me) of inaccurate or incomplete personal data
- the right to [erasure](#how-can-i-change-or-erase-data-about-me) of your personal data
- the right to [data portability](#where-can-i-access-data-about-me)
- the right to restrict the processing of your personal data
- the right to object to certain processing of your information, including [automated decision-making](#does-privacy-guides-make-automated-decisions-based-on-my-data) and [direct marketing](#does-privacy-guides-use-personal-information-for-marketing-purposes)
- the right to lodge a complaint with a supervisory authority
-
-Information about how to exercise these rights is provided throughout this notice and linked above. We try to make exercising all of these rights easy to do on your own through your account settings, but for more complicated inquiries the best option will be to [contact](#how-can-i-contact-privacy-guides-about-privacy) us.
-
-### What is the lawful basis for data collection and processing?
-
-Privacy Guides generally processes your data using 3 of the 6 lawful bases for processing set out in Article 6 of the GDPR:
-
- **Consent**: When you give us clear consent for us to process your personal data. This consent can be easily withdrawn at any time in your account settings, or you may always contact us for assistance with privacy-related matters.
- **Contract**: When you give us your personal data in order to participate on services we operate according to our terms of service, or when we require personal data in order to take steps prior to entering a contract or to fulfill a contract.
- **Legitimate interest**: When we process your personal data for fraud prevention, network and information security, or other reasons where the processing is required for our own legitimate interests or for those of a third party we work with.
-
-The lawful basis for our processing determines what rights are available to you under the GDPR. This table may be used as a reference:
-
-| Activity | Data Collected | Lawful Basis | Explanation |
-| -------- | -------------- | ------------ | ----------- |
-| [Website visits](#privacy-guides-collects-information-about-visits-to-its-websites) | IP Address, User Agent, Pages Visited | **Legitimate interest** | Required for defending our website from abuse and technical attacks, diagnosing and debugging technical errors, optimizing our websites, and compiling aggregated non-personal statistics for long-term analysis |
-| [Account data](#privacy-guides-collects-account-data) | Email Address, IP Address | **Legitimate interest** | Required to defend our website against spam and abuse |
-| [Account data](#privacy-guides-collects-account-data) | Email Address, Username, Password | **Contract** | Required to make our services available to you according to our terms of service |
-| [Account data](#privacy-guides-collects-account-data) | Optional profile information (name, location, etc.) | **Consent** | Required to publish the information you provide to your public or internal profile, according to your preferences |
-| [Posts & activity](#privacy-guides-collects-data-about-posts-and-other-activity-on-our-forum) | Content of your posts, activity data like bookmarks, likes, and links you follow | **Contract** | Required to make our services available to you according to our terms of service |
-| [Posts & activity](#privacy-guides-collects-data-about-posts-and-other-activity-on-our-forum) | Content of your private messages | **Contract** | Required to make our services available to you according to our terms of service |
-| [Posts & activity](#privacy-guides-collects-data-about-posts-and-other-activity-on-our-forum) | Email Address | **Contract** | Our forum is an email-based platform, and email notifications about forum activity are an integral component required to make our services available to you according to our terms of service |
-| [Mailing lists](#privacy-guides-collects-data-you-give-to-sign-up-for-mailing-lists-and-announcements) | Email Address | **Consent** | Required for sending you messages you subscribe to |
-| [Open source contributions](#privacy-guides-collects-data-about-open-source-contributors) | Email address, name, GitHub profile information, other information provided via Git | **Legitimate interest** | We have a legitimate interest in tracking the provenance of contributions to our open source projects to prevent abuse and ensure intellectual property rights are respected |
-| [Donations](#privacy-guides-collects-data-when-you-donate-to-us) | Payment information including billing address and email, GitHub profile information | **Legitimate interest** | We have a legitimate interest in processing this data to prevent payment abuse and fraud, and for facilitating your transaction |
-| [Donations](#privacy-guides-collects-data-when-you-donate-to-us) | GitHub profile information | **Consent** | We process this information to display your donation status publicly in accordance to your wishes |
-| [Donations](#privacy-guides-collects-data-when-you-donate-to-us) | Forum username and membership status | **Consent** | When you link your forum account to your MAGIC Grants donation account, you can optionally display your membership status to the public |
-| [Contacting us](#privacy-guides-collects-data-when-you-contact-us) | Email address, mail server IP, message content | **Legitimate interest** | We have a legitimate interest in processing incoming email information to prevent spam and network abuse |
-| [Contacting us](#privacy-guides-collects-data-when-you-contact-us) | Email address, message headers and content | **Contract** | We store your messages and process your data in order to provide a response to your communication |
-| [Backups](#privacy-guides-makes-regular-backups-of-all-data) | All personal information we collect | **Legitimate interest** | We store complete backups to ensure organizational continuity and security for up to 30 days |
-
-### Does Privacy Guides make international data transfers?
-
-Currently:
-
- Privacy Guides [processes personal data on servers outside the European Union](#where-does-privacy-guides-store-data-about-me).
- Privacy Guides uses [subprocessors](#subprocessors-used-by-privacy-guides) with personnel and computers outside the European Union.
- Privacy Guides has [personnel](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u?group=team&order=solutions&period=all) in the United States, Australia, and other non-EU countries without EU adequacy decisions under GDPR. These people need access to forum personal data in order to keep forums running, address security concerns, respond to privacy-related requests from users, field technical support requests, and otherwise assist users.
- Privacy Guides is very likely subject to section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act in the United States, a law that the European Court of Justice has found inadequately protects the rights and freedoms of data subjects.
- Privacy Guides has never received any order or request for personal data under FISA 702 or any similar national security or surveillance law of any other country. Privacy Guides is not subject to any court order or legal obligation that would prevent it from disclosing the existence or non-existence of such an order or request.
- Privacy Guides has a policy for how we will respond to those orders and requests, in case we ever receive one. Privacy Guides will suspend processing, notify any affected user, minimize disclosure, and resist disclosure of personal data, all as the law allows.
-
-Because national security and surveillance laws may be in conflict with European data protection rules, Privacy Guides continually reassesses the practical reach of these laws to ensure our data transfers are adequately safeguarded.
-
-## Does Privacy Guides comply with the California Consumer Privacy Act and other US state comprehensive privacy laws?
-
-Privacy Guides is not a "business" for the purposes of the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) or a “controller” directly subject to other US state comprehensive privacy laws.
-
-Privacy Guides **never** sells your personal information.
-
-## Where can I access data about me?
-
-You can see your account data by visiting your profile page on any websites where we offer accounts. Your account profile will also list your posts and other activity on the website.
-
-On the forum, your [profile settings](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/my/preferences/account) include a link to download all of your activity in standard Comma Separated Values format.
-
-If you do not have an account with us but have a data access request, please [contact us](about.md).
-
-## How can I change or erase data about me?
-
-You can change your account data at any time by visiting the profile settings page for your account. You also have the option to delete your profile on the settings page of your account. Utilizing this option begins the process of erasing or anonymizing Privacy Guides' records of data you provided for your account. Forum administrators and moderators also have the option to erase and anonymize accounts.
-
-You may also be able to edit, anonymize, or erase your posts. When you edit posts, Privacy Guides will keep all versions of your posts. These old versions of posts are not public, but may be accessed by forum moderators or administrators.
-
-## Does Privacy Guides make automated decisions based on my data?
-
-### The Privacy Guides forum classifies posts as spam automatically
-
-We use data about your posts and other posts on many forums to make automated decisions about whether your posts to our websites are likely spam.
-
-If you think a post has been wrongfully blocked or removed, please contact a forum moderator who can override this decision.
-
-### The Privacy Guides forum uses data about your posts and activity to set trust levels
-
-We use data about your posts and activity on our forum to award you badges and calculate a trust level for your account. Your trust level may affect how you can participate in the forum, such as whether you can upload images, as well as give you access to moderation and management powers in the forum. Your trust level therefore reflects forum administrators’ confidence in you, and their willingness to delegate community management functions, like moderation.
-
-If you think your trust level has been set incorrectly, contact an administrator of your forum. They can manually adjust the trust level of your account.
-
-### The Privacy Guides forum uses community flags to take automated actions
-
-Your posts may be automatically hidden, or your ability to post may be automatically suspended, as a result of your posts being flagged by other users.
-
-These decisions are later reviewed by moderators, who can override these decisions at their discretion.
-
-## Does Privacy Guides share data about me with others?
-
-Privacy Guides shares account data with others as described in [the section about account data](#privacy-guides-collects-account-data).
-
-Privacy Guides shares data about your posts and other activity as described in [the section about forum data](#privacy-guides-collects-data-about-posts-and-other-activity-on-our-forum).
-
-### Subprocessors used by Privacy Guides
-
-Privacy Guides uses the following subprocessors, and may share personal data with the service providers we use in order to host our website, deliver content, secure our services, store data, host and manage our open source website, and provide user support.
-
-| Subprocessor | Service | Function | Processing | Links |
-| ------------ | ------- | -------- | ---------- | ----- |
-| [Bunny.net](https://bunny.net/) (Slovenia) | [Bunny CDN](https://bunny.net/cdn/) | Content Delivery Network services for distributing images and other static assets. | Slovenia, Global | [Privacy Notice](https://bunny.net/privacy/), [GDPR Center](https://bunny.net/gdpr/) |
-| [Cloudflare](https://www.cloudflare.com/) (USA) | [Authoritative DNS](https://www.cloudflare.com/application-services/products/dns/) | Authoritative DNS services for our domain names. | USA, Global | [Privacy Notice](https://www.cloudflare.com/privacypolicy/), [GDPR Center](https://www.cloudflare.com/trust-hub/gdpr/) |
-| [Fediverse Communications LLC](https://fediverse.us) (USA) | PeerTube | For hosting public videos produced by Privacy Guides which are shared or embedded on this website. | USA | [More information](https://neat.tube/about/instance) |
-| [GitHub](https://github.com/) (USA) | Git Repositories | *For visitors to this website*: sharing information with our visitors about the current release, repo star count, etc. | USA | [Privacy Notice](https://docs.github.com/en/site-policy/privacy-policies/github-general-privacy-statement) |
-| [GitHub](https://github.com/) (USA) | Git Repositories, Issues, Pull Requests | *For contributors to this website*: hosting our source code and communications platforms such as our issues tracker. | USA | [Privacy Notice](https://docs.github.com/en/site-policy/privacy-policies/github-general-privacy-statement) |
-| [GitHub](https://github.com/) (USA) | [Sponsors](https://github.com/sponsors/privacyguides) | For collecting payments for gifts to Privacy Guides | USA | [Privacy Notice](https://docs.github.com/en/site-policy/privacy-policies/github-general-privacy-statement) |
-| [Stripe](https://stripe.com) (USA) | Connect | *For certain donations via GitHub Sponsors*: payment processing for donations | USA | [Privacy Notice](https://stripe.com/privacy), [GDPR Center](https://stripe.com/legal/privacy-center) |
-| [Triplebit](https://www.triplebit.org/) (USA) | Object Storage | For hosting static websites and static media content, and distributing static content | USA, Poland | [Privacy Notice](https://www.triplebit.org/privacy/) |
-| [Triplebit](https://www.triplebit.org/) (USA) | [Umami Statistics](https://stats.triplebit.net/share/S80jBc50hxr5TquS/www.privacyguides.org) | For compiling aggregated statistics of our website visitor data based on server-side visitor info submissions | USA | [Privacy Notice](https://www.triplebit.org/privacy/) |
-| [Triplebit](https://www.triplebit.org/) (USA) | Virtual Private Servers | For hosting our dynamic websites, storing and processing personal data. | USA | [Privacy Notice](https://www.triplebit.org/privacy/) |
-
-## Does Privacy Guides delete inactive accounts?
-
-Privacy Guides deletes accounts that have no public activity when they have gone unused for 3 years. If the account has public activity, we will not delete it regardless of inactivity because your profile data is required to continue to publish your activity per your original request.
-
-You can always request the deletion of your data at any time regardless of this policy.
-
-## How can I contact Privacy Guides about privacy?
-
-You can send questions, requests, and complaints via email to us at <team@privacyguides.org>. You may also use Signal or another contact method detailed [here](about.md#contact-us) to contact us more securely.
-
-For complaints under GDPR more generally, you always have the option to lodge complaints with your local data protection supervisory authorities.
-
-## Where do I find out about changes?
-
-This version of Privacy Guides' privacy notice took effect on March 6, 2025.
-
-Privacy Guides will post the next version here: <https://www.privacyguides.org/en/privacy/>.
-
-In future versions, Privacy Guides may change how it announces changes. In the meantime, Privacy Guides may update its contact information without announcing a change. Please refer to <https://www.privacyguides.org/en/privacy/> for the latest contact information at any time.
-
-A full revision [history](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits/main/docs/privacy.md) of this page can be found on GitHub.
-
-In the event that a translated copy of this document conflicts with the English copy, the English copy of this document takes precedence.
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ cover: real-time-communication.webp
 - [:material-eye-outline: Mass Surveillance](basics/common-threats.md#mass-surveillance-programs){ .pg-blue }
 - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown }

-These are our recommendations for encrypted **real-time communication**. These come in the form of many [types of communication networks](./advanced/communication-network-types.md).
+These are our recommendations for encrypted **real-time communication**.

-[:material-movie-open-play-outline: Video: It's time to stop using SMS](https://www.privacyguides.org/videos/2025/01/24/its-time-to-stop-using-sms-heres-why/){ .md-button }
+[Types of Communication Networks :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](./advanced/communication-network-types.md)

 ## Encrypted Messengers

@@ -168,13 +168,13 @@ If you're looking for added **security**, you should always ensure you're connec

    ---

-    - [x] **49+ Countries**
+    - [x] **45+ Countries**
    - [x] WireGuard Support
    - [x] Monero & Cash Payments
    - [ ] No Port Forwarding
    - [x] IPv6 Support

-    [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](vpn.md#mullvad)
+    [Read Full Review :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](vpn.md#ivpn)

 </div>

@@ -226,9 +226,8 @@ If you're looking for added **security**, you should always ensure you're connec

 <div class="grid cards" markdown>

- ![Stalwart logo](assets/img/email/stalwart.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Stalwart](email.md#stalwart)
- ![Mailcow logo](assets/img/email/mailcow.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mailcow](email.md#mailcow)
- ![Mail-in-a-Box logo](assets/img/email/mail-in-a-box.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mail-in-a-Box](email.md#mail-in-a-box)
+- ![Mailcow logo](assets/img/email/mailcow.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mailcow](email.md#self-hosting-email)
+- ![Mail-in-a-Box logo](assets/img/email/mail-in-a-box.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mail-in-a-Box](email.md#self-hosting-email)

 </div>
 </div>
@@ -482,21 +481,6 @@ For encrypting your OS drive, we typically recommend using the encryption tool y

 [Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](frontends.md)

-### Health and Wellness Apps
-
-<div class="grid cards" markdown>
-
- ![drip. logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/drip.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [drip.](health-and-wellness.md#drip)
- ![Euki logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/euki.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Euki](health-and-wellness.md#euki)
- ![Apple Health logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/apple-health.svg#only-light){ .twemoji loading=lazy } ![Apple Health logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/apple-health-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji loading=lazy }[Apple Health](health-and-wellness.md#apple-health)
- ![Gadgetbridge logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/gadgetbridge.svg#only-light){ .twemoji loading=lazy }![Gadgetbridge logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/gadgetbridge-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Gadgetbridge](health-and-wellness.md#gadgetbridge)
- ![Apple Health logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/apple-health.svg#only-light){ .twemoji loading=lazy } ![Apple Health logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/apple-health-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji loading=lazy }[Apple Health Records](health-and-wellness.md#apple-health-records)
- ![CommonHealth logo](assets/img/health-and-wellness/commonhealth.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [CommonHealth](health-and-wellness.md#commonhealth)
-
-</div>
-
-[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](health-and-wellness.md)
-
 ### Language Tools

 <div class="grid cards" markdown>
@@ -507,17 +491,6 @@ For encrypting your OS drive, we typically recommend using the encryption tool y

 [Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](language-tools.md)

-### Maps and Navigation Apps
-
-<div class="grid cards" markdown>
-
- ![Organic Maps logo](assets/img/maps/organic-maps.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Organic Maps](maps.md#organic-maps)
- ![OsmAnd logo](assets/img/maps/osmand.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [OsmAnd](maps.md#osmand)
-
-</div>
-
-[Learn more :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](maps.md)
-
 ### Multi-Factor Authentication Tools

 **Note:** [Hardware security keys](#security-keys) have been moved to their own category.
@@ -581,6 +554,7 @@ For encrypting your OS drive, we typically recommend using the encryption tool y
 - ![Psono logo](assets/img/password-management/psono.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Psono](passwords.md#psono)
 - ![KeePassXC logo](assets/img/password-management/keepassxc.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [KeePassXC](passwords.md#keepassxc)
 - ![KeePassDX logo](assets/img/password-management/keepassdx.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [KeePassDX (Android)](passwords.md#keepassdx-android)
+- ![Strongbox logo](assets/img/password-management/strongbox.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Strongbox (iOS & macOS)](passwords.md#strongbox-ios-macos)
 - ![gopass logo](assets/img/password-management/gopass.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [gopass (CLI)](passwords.md#gopass-cli)

 </div>
@@ -592,7 +566,6 @@ For encrypting your OS drive, we typically recommend using the encryption tool y
 <div class="grid cards" markdown>

 - ![PrivateBin logo](assets/img/pastebins/privatebin.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [PrivateBin](pastebins.md#privatebin)
- ![Paaster logo](assets/img/pastebins/paaster.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Paaster](pastebins.md#paaster)

 </div>

@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ schema:

 **Tor** is a group of volunteer-operated servers that allows you to connect for free and improve your privacy and security on the Internet. Individuals and organizations can also share information over the Tor network with ".onion hidden services" without compromising their privacy. Because Tor traffic is difficult to block and trace, Tor is an effective censorship circumvention tool.

-[Detailed Tor Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/tor-overview.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:material-movie-open-play-outline: Video: Why You Need Tor](https://www.privacyguides.org/videos/2025/03/02/why-you-need-tor/){ .md-button }
+[Detailed Tor Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/tor-overview.md){ .md-button }

 <div class="admonition tip" markdown>
 <p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
@@ -122,15 +121,13 @@ All versions are signed using the same signature, so they should be compatible w

 </div>

-On iOS, Orbot has some limitations that could potentially cause crashes or leaks: iOS does not have an effective OS-level feature to block connections without a VPN like Android does, and iOS has an artificial memory limit for network extensions that makes it challenging to run Tor in Orbot without crashes. Currently, it is always safer to use Tor on a desktop computer compared to a mobile device.
-
 ## Onion Browser (iOS)

 <div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

 ![Onion Browser logo](assets/img/self-contained-networks/onion_browser.svg){ align=right }

-**Onion Browser** is an open-source browser that lets you browse the web anonymously over the Tor network on iOS devices and is endorsed by the [Tor Project](https://support.torproject.org/glossary/onion-browser). [:material-star-box: Read our latest Onion Browser review.](https://www.privacyguides.org/articles/2024/09/18/onion-browser-review/)
+**Onion Browser** is an open-source browser that lets you browse the web anonymously over the Tor network on iOS devices and is endorsed by the [Tor Project](https://support.torproject.org/glossary/onion-browser). [:material-star-box: Read our latest Onion Browser review.](/articles/2024/09/18/onion-browser-review)

 [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://onionbrowser.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
 [:octicons-eye-16:](https://onionbrowser.com/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
@@ -149,6 +146,4 @@ On iOS, Orbot has some limitations that could potentially cause crashes or leaks

 Onion Browser does not provide the same levels of privacy protections as Tor Browser does on desktop platforms. For casual use it is a perfectly fine way to access hidden services, but if you're concerned about being traced or monitored by advanced adversaries you should not rely on this as an anonymity tool.

-[Notably](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/issues/2929), Onion Browser does not *guarantee* all requests go through Tor. When using the built-in version of Tor, [your real IP **will** be leaked via WebRTC and audio/video streams](https://onionbrowser.com/faqs) due to limitations of WebKit. It is *safer* to use Onion Browser alongside Orbot, but this still comes with some limitations on iOS (noted in the Orbot section above).
-
 [^1]: The `IsolateDestAddr` setting is discussed on the [Tor mailing list](https://lists.torproject.org/pipermail/tor-talk/2012-May/024403.html) and [Whonix's Stream Isolation documentation](https://whonix.org/wiki/Stream_Isolation), where both projects suggest that it is usually not a good approach for most people.
@@ -92,11 +92,11 @@ Proton VPN [recommends](https://protonvpn.com/blog/wireguard) the use of WireGua

 #### :material-alert-outline:{ .pg-orange } Limited IPv6 Support

-Proton [now supports IPv6](https://protonvpn.com/support/prevent-ipv6-vpn-leaks) in their browser extension and Linux client, but only 80% of their servers are IPv6-compatible. On other platforms, the Proton VPN client will block all outgoing IPv6 traffic, so you don't have to worry about your IPv6 address being leaked, but you will not be able to connect to any IPv6-only sites, nor will you be able to connect to Proton VPN from an IPv6-only network.
+Proton [now supports IPv6](https://protonvpn.com/support/prevent-ipv6-vpn-leaks) in their browser extension but only 80% of their servers are IPv6-compatible. On other platforms, the Proton VPN client will block all outgoing IPv6 traffic, so you don't have to worry about your IPv6 address being leaked, but you will not be able to connect to any IPv6-only sites, nor will you be able to connect to Proton VPN from an IPv6-only network.

 #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-info } Remote Port Forwarding

-Proton VPN currently only supports ephemeral remote [port forwarding](https://protonvpn.com/support/port-forwarding) via NAT-PMP, with 60 second lease times. The official Windows and Linux apps provide an easy-to-access option for it, while on other operating systems you'll need to run your own [NAT-PMP client](https://protonvpn.com/support/port-forwarding-manual-setup). Torrent applications often support NAT-PMP natively.
+Proton VPN currently only supports ephemeral remote [port forwarding](https://protonvpn.com/support/port-forwarding) via NAT-PMP, with 60 second lease times. The Windows app provides an easy-to-access option for it, while on other operating systems you'll need to run your own [NAT-PMP client](https://protonvpn.com/support/port-forwarding-manual-setup). Torrent applications often support NAT-PMP natively.

 #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Anti-Censorship

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ Unfortunately, it does not work very well in countries where sophisticated filte

 #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Mobile Clients

-Proton VPN has published [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1437005085) and [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ch.protonvpn.android) clients, both supporting an easy-to-use interface as opposed to requiring you to manually configure your WireGuard connection. The Android client is also available on [GitHub](https://github.com/ProtonVPN/android-app/releases).
+In addition to providing standard OpenVPN configuration files, Proton VPN has mobile clients for [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1437005085), [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ch.protonvpn.android), and [GitHub](https://github.com/ProtonVPN/android-app/releases) allowing for easy connections to their servers.

 #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Additional Notes

@@ -180,11 +180,11 @@ IVPN previously supported port forwarding, but removed the option in [June 2023]

 #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Anti-Censorship

-IVPN has obfuscation modes using [V2Ray](https://v2ray.com/en/index.html) which helps in situations where VPN protocols like OpenVPN or WireGuard are blocked. Currently, this feature is only available on Desktop and [iOS](https://ivpn.net/knowledgebase/ios/v2ray). It has two modes where it can use [VMess](https://guide.v2fly.org/en_US/basics/vmess.html) over QUIC or TCP connections. QUIC is a modern protocol with better congestion control and therefore may be faster with reduced latency. The TCP mode makes your data appear as regular HTTP traffic.
+IVPN has obfuscation modes using [v2ray](https://v2ray.com/en/index.html) which helps in situations where VPN protocols like OpenVPN or WireGuard are blocked. Currently, this feature is only available on Desktop and [iOS](https://ivpn.net/knowledgebase/ios/v2ray). It has two modes where it can use [VMess](https://guide.v2fly.org/en_US/basics/vmess.html) over QUIC or TCP connections. QUIC is a modern protocol with better congestion control and therefore may be faster with reduced latency. The TCP mode makes your data appear as regular HTTP traffic.

 #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Mobile Clients

-IVPN has published [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1193122683) and [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.ivpn.client) clients, both supporting an easy-to-use interface as opposed to requiring you to manually configure your WireGuard connection. The Android client is also available on [GitHub](https://github.com/ivpn/android-app/releases).
+In addition to providing standard OpenVPN configuration files, IVPN has mobile clients for [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1193122683), [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.ivpn.client), and [GitHub](https://github.com/ivpn/android-app/releases) allowing for easy connections to their servers.

 #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Additional Notes

@@ -218,12 +218,12 @@ IVPN clients support two-factor authentication. IVPN also provides "[AntiTracker

 </div>

-#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } 49 Countries
+#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } 45 Countries

-Mullvad has [servers in 49 countries](https://mullvad.net/servers).(1) Picking a VPN provider with a server nearest to you will reduce latency of the network traffic you send. This is because of a shorter route (fewer hops) to the destination.
+Mullvad has [servers in 45 countries](https://mullvad.net/servers).(1) Picking a VPN provider with a server nearest to you will reduce latency of the network traffic you send. This is because of a shorter route (fewer hops) to the destination.
 { .annotate }

-1. Last checked: 2025-03-10
+1. Last checked: 2024-08-06

 We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).

@@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
-import requests
-import os
-
-GITHUB_API_URL = "https://api.github.com/graphql"
-GITHUB_TOKEN = os.getenv("GH_TOKEN")
-ORG_NAME = "privacyguides"
-
-# Fetch members from the API
-members_api_url = "https://discuss.privacyguides.net/g/members/members.json?offset=0&order=added_at&asc=true"
-headers = {
-  "Api-Key": os.getenv("DISCOURSE_API_KEY"),
-  "Api-Username": "system"
-}
-members_response = requests.get(members_api_url, headers=headers)
-members_data = members_response.json()
-
-if 'members' not in members_data:
-  raise KeyError("Response JSON does not contain 'members' key")
-
-members = members_data['members']
-public_members_count = 0
-private_members_count = 0
-
-html_output = ""
-for member in members:
-  flair_name = member.get('flair_name')
-  title = member.get('title')
-  if flair_name == "members" or title == "Member":
-    username = member['username']
-    avatar_template = member['avatar_template']
-    avatar_url = f"https://discuss.privacyguides.net{avatar_template.replace('{size}', '128')}"
-    profile_url = f"https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u/{username}"
-    html_output += f'<a href="{profile_url}" target="_blank" title="@{username}" class="mdx-donors__item"><img loading="lazy" src="{avatar_url}"></a>'
-    public_members_count += 1
-
-# print(html_output)
-
-query = """
-{
-  organization(login: "%s") {
-    sponsorshipsAsMaintainer(first: 100) {
-      nodes {
-        sponsorEntity {
-          ... on User {
-            login
-            avatarUrl
-            url
-          }
-          ... on Organization {
-            login
-            avatarUrl
-            url
-          }
-        }
-        createdAt
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-""" % ORG_NAME
-
-headers = {
-    "Authorization": f"Bearer {GITHUB_TOKEN}",
-    "Content-Type": "application/json"
-}
-
-response = requests.post(GITHUB_API_URL, json={'query': query}, headers=headers)
-data = response.json()
-
-if 'errors' in data:
-    raise Exception(f"GraphQL query failed with errors: {data['errors']}")
-if 'data' not in data:
-    raise KeyError(f"Response JSON does not contain 'data' key: {data}")
-
-sponsors = data['data']['organization']['sponsorshipsAsMaintainer']['nodes']
-
-# Sort sponsors by the date they began their sponsorship
-sponsors.sort(key=lambda x: x['createdAt'])
-
-for sponsor in sponsors:
-    sponsor_entity = sponsor['sponsorEntity']
-    login = sponsor_entity['login']
-    avatar_url = sponsor_entity['avatarUrl']
-    url = sponsor_entity['url']
-    html_output += f'<a href="{url}" title="@{login}" rel="ugc nofollow" target="_blank" class="mdx-donors__item"><img loading="lazy" src="{avatar_url}&size=120"></a>'
-
-# Fetch the number of active members from the Magic Grants API
-magic_grants_url = "https://donate.magicgrants.org/api/active-members?fund=privacyguides"
-magic_grants_response = requests.get(magic_grants_url)
-magic_grants_data = magic_grants_response.json()
-
-if 'members_count' not in magic_grants_data:
-  raise KeyError("Response JSON does not contain 'members_count' key")
-
-private_members_count += magic_grants_data['members_count']
-private_members_count -= public_members_count
-
-# Append the count of private members
-if private_members_count > 0:
-  html_output += f'<a href="https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides" class="mdx-donors__item mdx-donors__item--private">+{private_members_count}</a>'
-
-print(html_output)
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/C-O-M-P-A-R-T-M-E-N-T-A-L-I-Z-A-T-I-O-N"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/30232065?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>C-O-M-P-A-R-T-M-E-N-T-A-L-I-Z-A-T-I-O-N</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=C-O-M-P-A-R-T-M-E-N-T-A-L-I-Z-A-T-I-O-N" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/Strappazzon"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/19752093?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>Alberto Strappazzon</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=Strappazzon" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://victorhckinthefreeworld.com/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1514206?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>Victorhck</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=victorhck" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
-      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/taivlam"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/47955724?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>Tai Lam</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=taivlam" title="Documentation">📖</a> <a href="#maintenance-taivlam" title="Maintenance">🚧</a></td>
+      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/taivlam"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/47955724?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>Tai Lam</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=taivlam" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td align="center" valign="top" width="20%"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="https://github.com/NinebitX"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/26626722?v=4" width="100px;" loading=lazy /><br /><sub><b>NinebitX</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/commits?author=NinebitX" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ DESCRIPTION_HOMEPAGE="A socially motivated website which provides information ab
 FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_AUTHOR="Privacy Guides and contributors."
 FOOTER_INTRO="<b>Privacy Guides</b> is a non-profit, socially motivated website that provides information for protecting your data security and privacy."
 FOOTER_NOTE="We do not make money from recommending certain products, and we do not use affiliate links."
-FOOTER_PRIVACY_NOTICE="Privacy notice."
 HOMEPAGE_CTA_DESCRIPTION="It's important for a website like Privacy Guides to always stay up-to-date. We need our audience to keep an eye on software updates for the applications listed on our site and follow recent news about providers that we recommend. It's hard to keep up with the fast pace of the internet, but we try our best. If you spot an error, think a provider should not be listed, notice a qualified provider is missing, believe a browser plugin is no longer the best choice, or uncover any other issue, please let us know."
 HOMEPAGE_DESCRIPTION="A socially motivated website which provides information about protecting your online data privacy and security."
 HOMEPAGE_RSS_CHANGELOG_LINK="https://discuss.privacyguides.net/c/site-development/changelog/9.rss"
@@ -23,7 +22,6 @@ HOMEPAGE_BUTTON_GET_STARTED_TITLE="The first step of your privacy journey"
 HOMEPAGE_BUTTON_TOOLS_NAME="Recommended Tools"
 HOMEPAGE_BUTTON_TOOLS_TITLE="Recommended privacy tools, services, and knowledge"
 NAV_ABOUT="About"
-NAV_ABOUT_POLICIES="Policies"
 NAV_ABOUT_TEAM_MEMBERS="Team Members"
 NAV_ADVANCED="Advanced"
 NAV_ADVANCED_TOPICS="Advanced Topics"
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ extra:
      copyright:
        author:
          !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_AUTHOR, "Privacy Guides and contributors."]
-        date: !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_DATE, "2019-2025"]
+        date: !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_DATE, "2019-2024"]
      license:
        - fontawesome/brands/creative-commons
        - fontawesome/brands/creative-commons-by
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ extra:
    - icon: simple/mastodon
      link: https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides
      name: !ENV [SOCIAL_MASTODON, "Mastodon"]
+    - icon: simple/bluesky
+      link: https://bsky.app/profile/privacyguides.org
+      name: !ENV [SOCIAL_BLUESKY, "Bluesky"]
    - icon: simple/peertube
      link: https://neat.tube/c/privacyguides
      name: !ENV [SOCIAL_PEERTUBE, "PeerTube"]
@@ -203,7 +206,7 @@ markdown_extensions:
  tables: {}
  footnotes: {}
  toc:
-    toc_depth: 3
+    toc_depth: 4

 nav:
  - !ENV [NAV_HOME, "Home"]: /en/
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ extra:
      copyright:
        author:
          !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_AUTHOR, "Privacy Guides and contributors."]
-        date: !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_DATE, "2019-2025"]
+        date: !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_DATE, "2019-2024"]
      license:
        - fontawesome/brands/creative-commons
        - fontawesome/brands/creative-commons-by
@@ -129,7 +129,6 @@ plugins:
    enabled: !ENV [BUILD_PRIVACY, true]
  offline:
    enabled: !ENV [BUILD_OFFLINE, false]
-  minify_html: {}
  group:
    enabled: !ENV [BUILD_INSIDERS, true]
    plugins:
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ site_url: "https://www.privacyguides.org/videos/"
 site_dir: "site/videos"

 site_name: Privacy Guides
-site_description: "This is our home for the latest video content from the Privacy Guides team. Privacy Guides is the most popular & trustworthy non-profit privacy resource to find privacy tools and learn about protecting your digital life."
+site_description: "Privacy Guides is the most popular & trustworthy non-profit privacy resource to find privacy tools and learn about protecting your digital life."
 edit_uri_template: blob/main/videos/{path}?plain=1

 extra:
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ extra:
      copyright:
        author:
          !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_AUTHOR, "Privacy Guides and contributors."]
-        date: !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_DATE, "2019-2025"]
+        date: !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_DATE, "2019-2024"]
      license:
        - fontawesome/brands/creative-commons
        - fontawesome/brands/creative-commons-by
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ extra:
    - icon: simple/mastodon
      link: https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides
      name: !ENV [SOCIAL_MASTODON, "Mastodon"]
+    - icon: simple/bluesky
+      link: https://bsky.app/profile/privacyguides.org
+      name: !ENV [SOCIAL_BLUESKY, "Bluesky"]
    - icon: simple/peertube
      link: https://neat.tube/c/privacyguides
      name: !ENV [SOCIAL_PEERTUBE, "PeerTube"]
@@ -51,14 +51,11 @@ extra:
      copyright:
        author:
          !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_AUTHOR, "Privacy Guides and contributors."]
-        date: !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_DATE, "2019-2025"]
+        date: !ENV [FOOTER_COPYRIGHT_DATE, "2019-2024"]
      license:
        - fontawesome/brands/creative-commons
        - fontawesome/brands/creative-commons-by
        - fontawesome/brands/creative-commons-sa
-      links:
-        - name: !ENV [FOOTER_PRIVACY_NOTICE, "Privacy notice."]
-          url: https://www.privacyguides.org/en/privacy/
    homepage:
      description:
        !ENV [
@@ -111,6 +108,9 @@ extra:
            - icon: simple/mastodon
              name: !ENV [HOMEPAGE_CTA_MASTODON_NAME, "Follow us on Mastodon"]
              link: https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides
+            - icon: simple/bluesky
+              name: !ENV [HOMEPAGE_CTA_BLUESKY_NAME, "Follow us on Bluesky"]
+              link: https://bsky.app/profile/privacyguides.org
            - icon: simple/github
              name: !ENV [HOMEPAGE_CTA_GITHUB_NAME, "Contribute on GitHub"]
              link: https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org
@@ -167,6 +167,9 @@ extra:
    - icon: simple/mastodon
      link: https://mastodon.neat.computer/@privacyguides
      name: !ENV [SOCIAL_MASTODON, "Mastodon"]
+    - icon: simple/bluesky
+      link: https://bsky.app/profile/privacyguides.org
+      name: !ENV [SOCIAL_BLUESKY, "Bluesky"]
    - icon: simple/peertube
      link: https://neat.tube/c/privacyguides
      name: !ENV [SOCIAL_PEERTUBE, "PeerTube"]
@@ -281,11 +284,11 @@ theme:
    - search.highlight

 extra_css:
-  - assets/stylesheets/extra.css?v=20250306
+  - assets/stylesheets/extra.css?v=20240802
 extra_javascript:
-  - path: assets/javascripts/randomize-element.js?v=20250306
+  - path: assets/javascripts/randomize-element.js?v=20240801
    defer: true
-  - path: assets/javascripts/feedback.js?v=20250306
+  - path: assets/javascripts/feedback.js?v=20240801
    defer: true

 watch:
@@ -418,9 +421,7 @@ nav:
          - "encryption.md"
          - "file-sharing.md"
          - "frontends.md"
-          - "health-and-wellness.md"
          - "language-tools.md"
-          - "maps.md"
          - "multi-factor-authentication.md"
          - "news-aggregators.md"
          - "notebooks.md"
@@ -444,22 +445,18 @@ nav:
          - "device-integrity.md"
  - !ENV [NAV_BLOG, "Articles"]: "/articles/"
  - !ENV [NAV_VIDEOS, "Videos"]: /videos/
-  - !ENV [NAV_FORUM, "Forum"]:
-      !ENV [NAV_FORUM_LINK, "https://discuss.privacyguides.net/"]
  - !ENV [NAV_ABOUT, "About"]:
      - "about.md"
      - "about/donate.md"
      - !ENV [NAV_ABOUT_TEAM_MEMBERS, "Team Members"]:
          https://discuss.privacyguides.net/u?group=team&order=solutions&period=all
-      - !ENV [NAV_ABOUT_POLICIES, "Policies"]:
-          - "about/criteria.md"
-          - "about/donation-acceptance-policy.md"
-          - "about/executive-policy.md"
-          - "privacy.md"
-          - "about/notices.md"
+      - "about/contributors.md"
+      - "about/criteria.md"
+      - "about/executive-policy.md"
+      - "about/notices.md"
+      - "about/privacy-policy.md"
+      - "about/jobs.md"
      - !ENV [NAV_COMMUNITY, "Community"]:
-          - "about/jobs.md"
-          - "about/contributors.md"
          - !ENV [NAV_ONLINE_SERVICES, "Online Services"]: "about/services.md"
          - !ENV [NAV_CODE_OF_CONDUCT, "Code of Conduct"]: "CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md"
          - "about/statistics.md"
@@ -473,6 +470,9 @@ nav:
              - "meta/uploading-images.md"
              - "meta/git-recommendations.md"
              - "meta/commit-messages.md"
+  - !ENV [NAV_DONATE, "Donate"]: https://donate.magicgrants.org/privacyguides
+  - !ENV [NAV_FORUM, "Forum"]:
+      !ENV [NAV_FORUM_LINK, "https://discuss.privacyguides.net/"]

 validation:
  nav:
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More