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33 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
12ae9ae8ce Update microG on Calyx information (#1306)
Co-authored-by: Tommy <contact@tommytran.io>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-06-01 01:52:55 +09:30
c2059a392b Create blog (#1365)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-06-01 01:46:00 +09:30
ef9e236b2b CSS Cache Busting 2022-05-30 23:13:46 -05:00
c4f1e269c8 Website Redesign (#1360)
Co-authored-by: Jonah Aragon <jonah@triplebit.net>
2022-05-30 23:03:09 -05:00
fcd366af2a Add AdGuard Home (#1315) 2022-05-30 21:19:54 -05:00
7f1ce148bf Chromium CSS Fixes 2022-05-29 14:58:40 -05:00
a52770e1c0 Minify HTML & CSS (#1351)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-30 03:22:50 +09:30
f6a25a7dd4 Two broken links in VPN/VPN Overview page (#1358) 2022-05-30 02:33:37 +09:30
Tad
4a25c635ee DivestOS updates (#1359)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-30 02:21:15 +09:30
a29c443a48 Improve Colors and Styles (#1355)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-29 14:25:48 +09:30
6f27a0e849 Fix typos on VPN services page (#1354) 2022-05-28 17:46:57 -05:00
4f20378555 Fix links in linux hardening guide (#1353) 2022-05-28 17:46:17 -05:00
072e087487 Data Erasure Grammar Fixes (#1350)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-29 04:26:52 +09:30
547ed4c728 Add brand submodule (#1347) 2022-05-28 13:52:46 -05:00
bbca7bcbab Fix Briar Flatpak download (#1346)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-29 04:21:31 +09:30
0b70d8689d Separate articles and recommendations (#1173)
Co-authored-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-03 14:15:20 -05:00
4a448189c6 Revert "Remove FairEmail (#1270)"
This reverts commit abd2fa0ff0.
2022-05-28 19:31:53 +09:30
58343b1dd9 Update recommendation card design (#1316)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-28 19:12:54 +09:30
8b1d9cd9b6 Correct Proton Mail zero-access encryption info (#1339) 2022-05-27 00:29:05 -05:00
c38c185efe Various corrections to Linux Pages (#1331)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-27 12:48:24 +09:30
b5f4773923 Add Flatpak link for Briar (#1333) 2022-05-26 19:50:56 +09:30
5ff8b083d4 Correct Proton VPN pricing (#1332)
Co-authored-by: lexi <git@lx-is.lol>
2022-05-25 20:59:26 -05:00
2635aabed7 Minor fixes to various pages (#1327) 2022-05-26 01:32:58 +09:30
f335a7e5d2 Remove Handy News Reader (#1320) 2022-05-25 23:45:01 +09:30
ba20357cda Add Feeder (#1303) 2022-05-25 23:45:00 +09:30
641f80db99 Update Proton products to Proton.me (#1319)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-25 23:45:00 +09:30
9bb70d2e6b New Proton logos (#1318)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-25 23:17:23 +09:30
631b2d2e14 Update the Linux pages (#1307)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-25 23:17:23 +09:30
f7a55480fb Add article about erasing data securely (#1256)
Co-Authored-By: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-25 23:17:23 +09:30
0a5286832d Add Pi-hole (#1314)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-25 06:11:27 +09:30
e0c11ad21c Removing Jurisdiction Requirements (#937)
Co-Authored-By: Daniel Gray <dng@disroot.org>
2022-05-24 17:26:56 +09:30
ef3986de9d Add Librarian LBRY frontend (#1309) 2022-05-24 01:22:37 -05:00
bbe9531d05 Minor edit to Tor Browser description (#1308) 2022-05-23 18:08:17 -05:00
111 changed files with 2160 additions and 1608 deletions

6
.gitmodules vendored
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@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
[submodule "mkdocs-material-insiders"]
path = mkdocs-material
url = git@github.com:privacyguides/mkdocs-material-insiders.git
[submodule "docs/assets/brand"]
path = docs/assets/brand
url = https://github.com/privacyguides/brand.git
[submodule "docs/blog"]
path = docs/blog
url = https://github.com/privacyguides/blog.git

View File

@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ mkdocs-material = {path = "./mkdocs-material"}
mkdocs-static-i18n = "*"
mkdocs-git-revision-date-localized-plugin = "*"
typing-extensions = "*"
mkdocs-minify-plugin = "*"
mkdocs-rss-plugin = "*"
[dev-packages]
scour = "*"

56
Pipfile.lock generated
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
{
"_meta": {
"hash": {
"sha256": "2d68765ce86bf264f0a29d6b9f31202a71615d6aad4653cffc874bd095267d29"
"sha256": "ce0d93277762e5052d095796291285ed1ff44183570f08ebfa71b76619eee48e"
},
"pipfile-spec": 6,
"requires": {
@ -41,11 +41,11 @@
},
"certifi": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:6ae10321df3e464305a46e997da41ea56c1d311fb9ff1dd4e04d6f14653ec63a",
"sha256:8d15a5a7fde18536a249c49e07e8e462b8fc13de21b3c80e8a68315dfa227c99"
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"sha256:f1d53542ee8cbedbe2118b5686372fb33c297fcd6379b050cca0ef13a597382a"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '3.5'",
"version": "==2022.5.18"
"markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
"version": "==2022.5.18.1"
},
"cffi": {
"hashes": [
@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
"sha256:2857e29ff0d34db842cd7ca3230549d1a697f96ee6d3fb071cfa6c7393832597",
"sha256:6881edbebdb17b39b4eaaa821b438bf6eddffb4468cf344f09f89def34a8b1df"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '3'",
"markers": "python_version >= '3.0'",
"version": "==2.0.12"
},
"click": {
@ -118,6 +118,12 @@
"markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
"version": "==8.1.3"
},
"csscompressor": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:afa22badbcf3120a4f392e4d22f9fff485c044a1feda4a950ecc5eba9dd31a05"
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"version": "==0.9.5"
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"cssselect2": {
"hashes": [
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@ -157,21 +163,27 @@
"markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
"version": "==3.1.27"
},
"htmlmin": {
"hashes": [
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"version": "==0.1.12"
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"idna": {
"hashes": [
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"markers": "python_version >= '3'",
"markers": "python_version >= '3.0'",
"version": "==3.3"
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"importlib-metadata": {
"hashes": [
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"sha256:5d26852efe48c0a32b0509ffbc583fda1a2266545a78d104a6f4aff3db17d700",
"sha256:c58c8eb8a762858f49e18436ff552e83914778e50e9d2f1660535ffb364552ec"
],
"markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
"version": "==4.11.3"
"markers": "python_version < '3.10'",
"version": "==4.11.4"
},
"jinja2": {
"hashes": [
@ -181,6 +193,12 @@
"markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
"version": "==3.0.3"
},
"jsmin": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:c0959a121ef94542e807a674142606f7e90214a2b3d1eb17300244bbb5cc2bfc"
],
"version": "==3.0.1"
},
"lxml": {
"hashes": [
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@ -338,6 +356,22 @@
"markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
"version": "==1.0.3"
},
"mkdocs-minify-plugin": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:32d9e8fbd89327a0f4f648f517297aad344c1bad64cfde110d059bd2f2780a6d",
"sha256:487c31ae6b8b3230f56910ce6bcf5c7e6ad9a8c4f51c720a4b989f30c2b0233f"
],
"index": "pypi",
"version": "==0.5.0"
},
"mkdocs-rss-plugin": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:50671e2030188da4bc01ff421d979903a01cd87b02e2ec5f430fd05d5ed55825",
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],
"index": "pypi",
"version": "==1.1.0"
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"mkdocs-static-i18n": {
"hashes": [
"sha256:5d69b4eb284931bd048a36f923367f2a7bd0dc7b0438008dce8ca1a8feee99e2"

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@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
<div align="center">
<a href="https://www.privacyguides.org/">
<picture>
<source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://privacyguides.org/assets/img/layout/privacy-guides-logo-dark.svg">
<img alt="Privacy Guides" width="500px" src="https://privacyguides.org/assets/img/layout/privacy-guides-logo.svg">
<source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/privacyguides/brand/main/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo-dark.svg">
<img alt="Privacy Guides" width="500px" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/privacyguides/brand/main/SVG/Logo/privacy-guides-logo.svg">
</picture>
</a>
@ -69,9 +69,12 @@ Our current list of team members can be found [here](https://github.com/orgs/pri
This website uses [`mkdocs-material-insiders`](https://squidfunk.github.io/mkdocs-material/insiders/) which offers additional functionality over the open-source `mkdocs-material` project. For obvious reasons we cannot distribute access to the insiders repository. You can install the website locally with the open-source version of `mkdocs-material`:
1. Clone this repository: `git clone https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org.git`
1. Clone this repository:
- `git clone https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org.git`
- `git submodule init`
- `git submodule update docs/assets/brand`
2. Install [Python 3.6+](https://www.python.org/downloads/)
3. Install [dependencies](/Pipfile): `pip install mkdocs mkdocs-material mkdocs-static-i18n mkdocs-git-revision-date-localized-plugin typing-extensions`
3. Install [dependencies](/Pipfile): `pip install mkdocs mkdocs-material mkdocs-static-i18n mkdocs-git-revision-date-localized-plugin mkdocs-minify-plugin typing-extensions`
4. Serve the site locally: `mkdocs serve`
- The site will be available at `http://localhost:8000`
- You can build the site locally with `mkdocs build`

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@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ icon: 'fontawesome/brands/android'
These are the Android operating systems, devices, and apps we recommend to maximize your mobile device's security and privacy. We also have additional Android-related information:
- [General Android Overview and Recommendations :material-arrow-right:](android/overview.md)
- [GrapheneOS vs CalyxOS Comparison :material-arrow-right:](android/grapheneos-vs-calyxos.md)
- [General Android Overview and Recommendations :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](android/overview.md)
- [GrapheneOS vs CalyxOS Comparison :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](android/grapheneos-vs-calyxos.md)
## AOSP Derivatives
@ -27,7 +27,11 @@ We recommend installing one of these custom Android operating systems on your de
GrapheneOS provides additional [security hardening](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardening_(computing)) and privacy improvements. It has a [hardened memory allocator](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc), network and sensor permissions, and various other [security features](https://grapheneos.org/features). GrapheneOS also comes with full firmware updates and signed builds, so verified boot is fully supported.
[Homepage](https://grapheneos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://grapheneos.org/faq#privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://grapheneos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://grapheneos.org/faq#privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://grapheneos.org/faq){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://grapheneos.org/source){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://grapheneos.org/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
GrapheneOS supports [Sandboxed Google Play](https://grapheneos.org/usage#sandboxed-google-play), which runs [Google Play Services](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Play_Services) fully sandboxed like any other regular app. This means you can take advantage of most Google Play Services, such as [push notifications](https://firebase.google.com/docs/cloud-messaging/), while giving you full control over their permissions and access, and while containing them to a specific work profile or user [profile](android/overview.md#user-profiles) of your choice.
@ -41,11 +45,15 @@ Google Pixel phones are the only devices that currently meet GrapheneOS's [hardw
**CalyxOS** is a system with some privacy features on top of AOSP, including [Datura](https://calyxos.org/docs/tech/datura-details) firewall, [Signal](https://signal.org) integration in the dialer app, and a built in panic button. CalyxOS also comes with firmware updates and signed builds, so verified boot is fully supported.
[Homepage](https://calyxos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://calyxinstitute.org/legal/privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://calyxos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://calyxinstitute.org/legal/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://calyxos.org/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/CalyxOS){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://members.calyxinstitute.org/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
For people who need Google Play Services, CalyxOS optionally includes [microG](https://microg.org/). CalyxOS also includes alternate location services, [Mozilla](https://location.services.mozilla.com/) and [DejaVu](https://github.com/n76/DejaVu).
CalyxOS optionally includes [microG](https://microg.org/), a partially open source reimplementation of Play Services which provides broader app compatibility. It also bundles in alternate location services: [Mozilla](https://location.services.mozilla.com/) and [DejaVu](https://github.com/n76/DejaVu).
CalyxOS only [supports](https://calyxos.org/docs/guide/device-support/) Google Pixel phones. However, support for the OnePlus 8T/9 and Fairphone 4 is [currently in beta](https://calyxos.org/news/2022/04/01/fairphone4-oneplus8t-oneplus9-test-builds/).
CalyxOS [supports](https://calyxos.org/docs/guide/device-support/) Google Pixel phones, the OnePlus 8T/9 and the Fairphone 4. We only recommend CalyxOS as a harm reduction measure for the OnePlus 8T, OnePlus 9, and especially the Fairphone 4.
### DivestOS
@ -56,13 +64,18 @@ CalyxOS only [supports](https://calyxos.org/docs/guide/device-support/) Google P
**DivestOS** is a soft-fork of [LineageOS](https://lineageos.org/).
DivestOS inherits many [supported devices](https://divestos.org/index.php?page=devices&base=LineageOS) from LineageOS. It has signed builds, making it possible to have [verified boot](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot) on some non-Pixel devices.
[Homepage](https://divestos.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://divestos.org/index.php?page=privacy_policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://divestos.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](http://divestoseb5nncsydt7zzf5hrfg44md4bxqjs5ifcv4t7gt7u6ohjyyd.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://divestos.org/index.php?page=privacy_policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://divestos.org/index.php?page=faq){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/divested-mobile){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://divested.dev/index.php?page=donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
DivestOS has automated kernel vulnerability ([CVE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Vulnerabilities_and_Exposures)) [patching](https://gitlab.com/divested-mobile/cve_checker), fewer proprietary blobs, a custom [hosts](https://divested.dev/index.php?page=dnsbl) file, and [F-Droid](https://www.f-droid.org) as the app store. It includes [UnifiedNlp](https://github.com/microg/UnifiedNlp) for network location. Its hardened WebView, [Mulch](https://gitlab.com/divested-mobile/mulch), enables [CFI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control-flow_integrity) for all architectures and includes [network state partitioning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Privacy/State_Partitioning).
DivestOS has automated kernel vulnerability ([CVE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Vulnerabilities_and_Exposures)) [patching](https://gitlab.com/divested-mobile/cve_checker), fewer proprietary blobs, a custom [hosts](https://divested.dev/index.php?page=dnsbl) file, and [F-Droid](https://www.f-droid.org) as the app store. Its hardened WebView, [Mulch](https://gitlab.com/divested-mobile/mulch), enables [CFI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control-flow_integrity) for all architectures and [network state partitioning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Privacy/State_Partitioning), and receives out-of-band updates.
DivestOS also includes kernel patches from GrapheneOS and enables all available kernel security features via [defconfig hardening](https://github.com/Divested-Mobile/DivestOS-Build/blob/master/Scripts/Common/Functions.sh#L758). All kernels newer than version 3.4 include full page [sanitization](https://lwn.net/Articles/334747/) and all ~22 Clang-compiled kernels have [`-ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero`](https://reviews.llvm.org/D54604?id=174471) enabled.
DivestOS implements some system hardening patches originally developed for GrapheneOS. DivestOS 16.0, 17.1, and 18.1 implements GrapheneOS's [`INTERNET`](https://developer.android.com/training/basics/network-ops/connecting) permission toggle, [hardened memory allocator](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc), [exec-spawning](android/grapheneos-vs-calyxos.md#additional-hardening), [JNI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface) [constification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Const_(computer_programming)), and partial [bionic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionic_(software)) hardening patchsets. 17.1 and 18.1 feature GrapheneOS's per-network full [MAC randomization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address#Randomization) option, and [`ptrace_scope`](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/LSM/Yama.html) control, and automatic reboot/Wi-Fi/Bluetooth [timeout options](https://grapheneos.org/features).
DivestOS implements some system hardening patches originally developed for GrapheneOS. DivestOS 16.0 and higher implements GrapheneOS's [`INTERNET`](https://developer.android.com/training/basics/network-ops/connecting) and SENSORS permission toggle, [hardened memory allocator](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc), [exec-spawning](android/grapheneos-vs-calyxos.md#additional-hardening), [JNI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface) [constification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Const_(computer_programming)), and partial [bionic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionic_(software)) hardening patchsets. 17.1 and higher features GrapheneOS's per-network full [MAC randomization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address#Randomization) option, [`ptrace_scope`](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/LSM/Yama.html) control, and automatic reboot/Wi-Fi/Bluetooth [timeout options](https://grapheneos.org/features).
!!! warning
@ -72,6 +85,8 @@ DivestOS implements some system hardening patches originally developed for Graph
## Android Devices
When purchasing a device, we recommend getting one as new as possible. The software and firmware of mobile devices are only supported for a limited time, so buying new extends that lifespan as much as possible.
Avoid buying phones from mobile network operators. These often have a **locked bootloader** and do not support [OEM unlocking](https://source.android.com/devices/bootloader/locking_unlocking). These phone variants will prevent you from installing any kind of alternative Android distribution.
Be very **careful** about buying second hand phones from online marketplaces. Always check the reputation of the seller. If the device is stolen there's a possibility of [IMEI blacklisting](https://www.gsma.com/security/resources/imei-blacklisting/). There is also a risk involved with you being associated with the activity of the previous owner.
@ -84,6 +99,8 @@ A few more tips regarding Android devices and operating system compatibility:
### Google Pixel
Google Pixel phones are the **only** devices we recommend for purchase. Pixel phones have stronger hardware security than any other Android devices currently on the market, due to proper AVB support for third party operating systems and Google's custom [Titan](https://security.googleblog.com/2021/10/pixel-6-setting-new-standard-for-mobile.html) security chips acting as the Secure Element.
!!! recommendation
![Google Pixel 6](assets/img/android/google-pixel.png){ align=right }
@ -92,9 +109,11 @@ A few more tips regarding Android devices and operating system compatibility:
Beginning with the **Pixel 6** and **6 Pro**, Pixel devices receive a minimum of 5 years of guaranteed security updates, ensuring a much longer lifespan compared to the 2-4 years competing OEMs typically offer.
[Store](https://store.google.com/category/phones){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:material-shopping: Store](https://store.google.com/category/phones){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
Unless you have a need for specific [CalyxOS features](https://calyxos.org/features/) that are unavailable on GrapheneOS, we strongly recommend GrapheneOS over other operating system choices on Pixel devices.
Secure Elements like the Titan M2 are more limited than the processor's Trusted Execution Environment used by most other phones as they are only used for secrets storage, hardware attestation, and rate limiting, not for running "trusted" programs. Phones without a Secure Element have to use the TEE for *all* of those functions, resulting in a larger attack surface.
Google Pixel phones use a TEE OS called Trusty which is [open source](https://source.android.com/security/trusty#whyTrusty), unlike many other phones.
The installation of GrapheneOS on a Pixel phone is easy with their [web installer](https://grapheneos.org/install/web). If you don't feel comfortable doing it yourself and are willing to spend a bit of extra money, check out the [NitroPhone](https://shop.nitrokey.com/shop) as they come preloaded with GrapheneOS from the reputable [Nitrokey](https://www.nitrokey.com/about) company.
@ -107,15 +126,7 @@ A few more tips for purchasing a Google Pixel:
### Other Devices
!!! important
Google Pixel phones are the **only** devices we recommend for purchase. Pixel phones have stronger hardware security than any other Android devices currently on the market, due to proper AVB support for third party operating systems and Google's custom [Titan](https://security.googleblog.com/2021/10/pixel-6-setting-new-standard-for-mobile.html) security chips acting as the Secure Element.
Secure Elements are more limited than the processor's Trusted Execution Environment used by most other phones as they are only used for secrets storage, hardware attestation and rate limiting but not running "trusted" programs. Phones without a Secure Element have to use the TEE for secrets storage, rate limiting, *and* trusted computing, which results in a larger attack surface.
The following OEMs are only mentioned as they have phones compatible with the operating systems recommended by us. If you are purchasing a new device, we only recommend purchasing a Google Pixel.
When purchasing a device, we recommend getting one as new as possible. The software and firmware of mobile devices are only supported for a limited time, so buying new extends that lifespan as much as possible.
The following OEMs are only mentioned as they have phones compatible with the operating systems recommended by us. If you are purchasing a new device, we only recommend purchasing a Google Pixel.
#### OnePlus
@ -145,14 +156,16 @@ Fairphone markets their devices as receiving 6 years of support. However, the So
**Orbot** is a free proxy app that routes your connections through the Tor Network.
[Homepage](https://orbot.app/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://orbot.app/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://orbot.app/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://orbot.app/faqs){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/guardianproject/orbot){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://orbot.app/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.torproject.android)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://guardianproject.info/fdroid)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/guardianproject/orbot)
- [:fontawesome-brands-gitlab: Source](https://gitlab.com/guardianproject/orbot)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.torproject.android){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://guardianproject.info/fdroid){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
Orbot can proxy individual apps if they support SOCKS or HTTP proxying. It can also proxy all your network connections using [VpnService](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/net/VpnService) and can be used with the VPN killswitch in :gear: **Settings****Network & internet****VPN** → :gear: → **Block connections without VPN**.
@ -174,13 +187,14 @@ For resistance against traffic analysis attacks, consider enabling *Isolate Dest
Shelter supports blocking contact search cross profiles and sharing files across profiles via the default file manager ([DocumentsUI](https://source.android.com/devices/architecture/modular-system/documentsui)).
[Project Info](https://gitea.angry.im/PeterCxy/Shelter#shelter){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://gitea.angry.im/PeterCxy/Shelter#shelter){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitea.angry.im/PeterCxy/Shelter){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.patreon.com/PeterCxy){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.typeblog.shelter)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/net.typeblog.shelter)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/PeterCxy/Shelter)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.typeblog.shelter){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/net.typeblog.shelter){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
!!! warning
@ -199,12 +213,16 @@ For resistance against traffic analysis attacks, consider enabling *Isolate Dest
**Auditor** is an app which leverages hardware security features to provide device integrity monitoring for [supported devices](https://attestation.app/about#device-support). Currently it works with GrapheneOS and the device's stock operating system.
[Website](https://attestation.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://attestation.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://attestation.app/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://attestation.app/about){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://attestation.app/source){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://attestation.app/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=app.attestation.auditor)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Auditor)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=app.attestation.auditor){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:fontawesome-brands-github:](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Auditor/releases){ .card-link title=GitHub }
Auditor performs attestation and intrusion detection by:
@ -228,12 +246,15 @@ To make sure that your hardware and operating system is genuine, [perform local
**Secure Camera** is an camera app focused on privacy and security which can capture images, videos, and QR codes. CameraX vendor extensions (Portrait, HDR, Night Sight, Face Retouch, and Auto) are also supported on available devices.
[Source Code](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Camera){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Camera){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://grapheneos.org/usage#camera){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Camera){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://grapheneos.org/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=app.grapheneos.camera.play)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Camera/releases)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=app.grapheneos.camera.play){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:fontawesome-brands-github:](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/Camera/releases){ .card-link title=GitHub }
Main privacy features include:
@ -258,12 +279,14 @@ Main privacy features include:
[Content-Security-Policy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_Security_Policy) is used to enforce that the JavaScript and styling properties within the WebView are entirely static content.
[App Info](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/PdfViewer#readme){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/PdfViewer){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/PdfViewer){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://grapheneos.org/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=app.grapheneos.pdfviewer.play)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/PdfViewer/releases)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=app.grapheneos.pdfviewer.play){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:fontawesome-brands-github:](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/PdfViewer/releases){ .card-link title=GitHub }
### PrivacyBlur
@ -273,13 +296,15 @@ Main privacy features include:
**PrivacyBlur** is a free app which can blur sensitive portions of pictures before sharing them online.
[Website](https://privacyblur.app/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://privacyblur.app/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://privacyblur.app/privacy.html){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/MATHEMA-GmbH/privacyblur#readme){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/MATHEMA-GmbH/privacyblur){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.mathema.privacyblur)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/de.mathema.privacyblur/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/MATHEMA-GmbH/privacyblur)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.mathema.privacyblur){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/de.mathema.privacyblur/){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
!!! warning
@ -324,11 +349,14 @@ To mitigate these problems, we recommend [Neo Store](https://github.com/NeoAppli
**Neo Store** is a modern F-Droid client made with MaterialUI, forked from [Foxy Droid](https://github.com/kitsunyan/foxy-droid).
Unlike the official F-Droid client, Neo Store supports seamless updates on Android 12 and above without the need for a privileged extension. If your Android distribution is on Android 12 or above and does not include the [F-Droid privileged extension](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/org.fdroid.fdroid.privileged/), it is highly recommended that you use Neo Store instead of the official client.
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/NeoApplications/Neo-Store){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/NeoApplications/Neo-Store){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-android: APK Download](https://android.izzysoft.de/repo/apk/com.looker.droidify)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/NeoApplications/Neo-Store)
[:fontawesome-brands-android:](https://android.izzysoft.de/repo/apk/com.looker.droidify){ .card-link title="IzzyOnDroid (APK)" }
[:fontawesome-brands-github:](https://github.com/NeoApplications/Neo-Store/releases){ .card-link title=GitHub }
### Manually with RSS Notifications

View File

@ -10,21 +10,29 @@ GrapheneOS extends the user profile feature, allowing you to end a current sessi
## Sandboxed Google Play vs Privileged microG
When Google Play services are used on GrapheneOS, they run as a user app and are contained within a user or work profile.
When Google Play services are used on GrapheneOS, they run as a user app and are contained within a user or work profile. Sandboxed Google Play is confined using the highly restrictive, default [`untrusted_app`](https://source.android.com/security/selinux/concepts) domain provided by [SELinux](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security-Enhanced_Linux). Permissions for apps to use Google Play Services can be revoked at any time.
Sandboxed Google Play is confined using the highly restrictive, default [`untrusted_app`](https://source.android.com/security/selinux/concepts) domain provided by [SELinux](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security-Enhanced_Linux). Permissions for apps to use Google Play Services can be revoked at any time.
microG is a partially open-source re-implementation of Google Play Services.[^1] On CalyxOS, it runs in the highly privileged [`system_app`](https://source.android.com/security/selinux/concepts) SELinux domain like regular Google Play Services, and it uses [signature spoofing](https://github.com/microg/GmsCore/wiki/Signature-Spoofing) to masquerade as Google Play Services. This is less secure than Sandboxed Google Play's approach, which does not need access to sensitive system APIs.
microG is an open-source re-implementation of Google Play Services. This means it needs to be updated every time Android has a major version update (or the Android API changes). It also needs to run in the highly privileged [`system_app`](https://source.android.com/security/selinux/concepts) SELinux domain like regular Google Play Services, and it requires an operating system that allows [signature spoofing](https://github.com/microg/GmsCore/wiki/Signature-Spoofing), which allows system apps to insecurely masquerade as other apps. This is less secure than Sandboxed Google Play's approach, which does not need access to sensitive system APIs.
When using Sandboxed Play Services, you have the option to reroute location requests to the Play Services API back to the OS location API which uses satellite based location services. With microG, you have the option to either not use a network location backend at all, *shift trust* to another location backend like Mozilla, or use [DejaVu](https://github.com/n76/DejaVu), a location backend that locally collects and saves RF-based location data to an offline database which can be used when GPS is not available.
When using Sandboxed Play Services, you have the option to reroute location requests to the Play Services API back to the OS location API, which uses satellite based location services. With microG, you have the option to choose between different backend location providers, including *shifting trust* to another location backend, like Mozilla; using [DejaVu](https://github.com/n76/DejaVu), a location backend that locally collects and saves RF-based location data to an offline database which can be used when GPS is not available; or to simply not use a network location backend at all.
Network location providers like Play Services or Mozilla rely the on the MAC addresses of surrounding WiFi access points and Bluetooth devices being submitted for location approximation. Choosing a network location like Mozilla to use with microG provides little to no privacy benefit over Google because you are still submitting the same data and trusting them to not profile you.
Local RF location backends like DejaVu require that the phone has a working GPS first for the local RF data collected to be useful. This makes them ineffective as location providers, as the job of a location provider is to assist location approximation when satellite based services are not working.
Local RF location backends like DejaVu require that the phone has a working GPS first for the local RF data collected to be useful. This makes them less effective as location providers, as the job of a location provider is to assist location approximation when satellite based services are not working.
If your threat model requires protecting your location or the MAC addresses of nearby devices, rerouting location requests to the OS location API is probably the best option. The benefit brought by microG's custom location backend is minimal at best when compared to Sandboxed Play Services.
In terms of application compatibility, Sandboxed Google Play outperforms microG due to its support for many services which microG has not yet implemented, like [Google Play Games](https://play.google.com/googleplaygames) and [In-app Billing API](https://android-doc.github.io/google/play/billing/api.html). Authentication using [FIDO](security/multi-factor-authentication#fido-fast-identity-online) with online services on Android also relies on Play Services, and the feature is not yet implemented in microG.
In terms of application compatibility, Sandboxed Google Play on GrapheneOS outperforms microG on CalyxOS due to its support for many services which microG has not yet implemented, like [Google Play Games](https://play.google.com/googleplaygames) and [In-app Billing API](https://android-doc.github.io/google/play/billing/api.html). Larger apps, especially games, require Play Delivery to be installed, which is currently not implemented in microG. Authentication using [FIDO](security/multi-factor-authentication#fido-fast-identity-online) with online services on Android also relies on Play Services, and does not currently work with microG.
[^1]: It should be noted that microG still uses proprietary Google binaries for some of its components such as DroidGuard. Push notifications, if enabled, still go through Google's servers just like with Play Services. Outisde of default microG setups like on CalyxOS, it is possible to run microG in the unprivileged `untrusted app` SELinux domain and without the signature spoofing patch. However, microG's functionality and compatibility, which is already not nearly as broad as Sandboxed Play Services, will greatly diminish.
## Privileged eSIM Activation Application
Currently, eSIM activation is tied to a privileged proprietary application by Google. The app has the `READ_PRIVILEGED_PHONE_STATE` permission, giving Google access to your hardware identifiers such as the IMEI.
On GrapheneOS, the app comes disabled, and can be *optionally* enabled by the user after they have installed Sandboxed Play Services.
On CalyxOS, the app comes installed by default (regardless of whether you choose to have microG or not) and cannot be opted out. This is particularly problematic, as it means Google still has access to the user's hardware identifiers regardless of whether they even need the eSIM activation or not, and can access them persistently.
## Privileged App Extensions
@ -34,7 +42,7 @@ GrapheneOS does not include F-Droid, because all updates have to be manually ins
CalyxOS includes the [privileged extension](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/org.fdroid.fdroid.privileged), which may lower device security. Seamless app updates should be possible with [Aurora Store](https://auroraoss.com) in Android 12.
## Additional hardening
## Additional Hardening
GrapheneOS improves upon [AOSP](https://source.android.com/) security with:

View File

@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ This problem could be solved by using a custom Android distribution that does no
Ideally, when choosing a custom Android distribution, you should make sure that it upholds the Android security model. At the very least, the distribution should have production builds, support for AVB, rollback protection, timely firmware and operating system updates, and SELinux in [enforcing mode](https://source.android.com/security/selinux/concepts#enforcement_levels). All of our recommended Android distributions satisfy these criteria.
[Our Android System Recommendations :material-arrow-right:](../android.md){ .md-button }
[Our Android System Recommendations :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](../android.md){ .md-button }
## Avoid Rooting

1
docs/assets/brand Submodule

Submodule docs/assets/brand added at 1592903b40

View File

@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
<browserconfig>
<msapplication>
<tile>
<square150x150logo src="/assets/img/layout/mstile-150x150.png"/>
<square150x150logo src="/assets/brand/PNG/Favicon/mstile-150x150.png"/>
<TileColor>#ffd06f</TileColor>
</tile>
</msapplication>

View File

@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
"short_name": "Privacy Guides",
"icons": [
{
"src": "/assets/img/layout/android-chrome-192x192.png",
"src": "/assets/brand/PNG/Favicon/android-chrome-192x192.png",
"sizes": "192x192",
"type": "image/png"
},
{
"src": "/assets/img/layout/android-chrome-512x512.png",
"src": "/assets/brand/PNG/Favicon/android-chrome-512x512.png",
"sizes": "512x512",
"type": "image/png"
}

View File

@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
Copyright (c) 2015 Sebastien Sanfilippo (www.love-letters.be)
This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
This license is copied below, and is also available with a FAQ at:
http://scripts.sil.org/OFL
-----------------------------------------------------------
SIL OPEN FONT LICENSE Version 1.1 - 26 February 2007
-----------------------------------------------------------
PREAMBLE
The goals of the Open Font License (OFL) are to stimulate worldwide
development of collaborative font projects, to support the font creation
efforts of academic and linguistic communities, and to provide a free and
open framework in which fonts may be shared and improved in partnership
with others.
The OFL allows the licensed fonts to be used, studied, modified and
redistributed freely as long as they are not sold by themselves. The
fonts, including any derivative works, can be bundled, embedded,
redistributed and/or sold with any software provided that any reserved
names are not used by derivative works. The fonts and derivatives,
however, cannot be released under any other type of license. The
requirement for fonts to remain under this license does not apply
to any document created using the fonts or their derivatives.
DEFINITIONS
"Font Software" refers to the set of files released by the Copyright
Holder(s) under this license and clearly marked as such. This may
include source files, build scripts and documentation.
"Reserved Font Name" refers to any names specified as such after the
copyright statement(s).
"Original Version" refers to the collection of Font Software components as
distributed by the Copyright Holder(s).
"Modified Version" refers to any derivative made by adding to, deleting,
or substituting -- in part or in whole -- any of the components of the
Original Version, by changing formats or by porting the Font Software to a
new environment.
"Author" refers to any designer, engineer, programmer, technical
writer or other person who contributed to the Font Software.
PERMISSION & CONDITIONS
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of the Font Software, to use, study, copy, merge, embed, modify,
redistribute, and sell modified and unmodified copies of the Font
Software, subject to the following conditions:
1) Neither the Font Software nor any of its individual components,
in Original or Modified Versions, may be sold by itself.
2) Original or Modified Versions of the Font Software may be bundled,
redistributed and/or sold with any software, provided that each copy
contains the above copyright notice and this license. These can be
included either as stand-alone text files, human-readable headers or
in the appropriate machine-readable metadata fields within text or
binary files as long as those fields can be easily viewed by the user.
3) No Modified Version of the Font Software may use the Reserved Font
Name(s) unless explicit written permission is granted by the corresponding
Copyright Holder. This restriction only applies to the primary font name as
presented to the users.
4) The name(s) of the Copyright Holder(s) or the Author(s) of the Font
Software shall not be used to promote, endorse or advertise any
Modified Version, except to acknowledge the contribution(s) of the
Copyright Holder(s) and the Author(s) or with their explicit written
permission.
5) The Font Software, modified or unmodified, in part or in whole,
must be distributed entirely under this license, and must not be
distributed under any other license. The requirement for fonts to
remain under this license does not apply to any document created
using the Font Software.
TERMINATION
This license becomes null and void if any of the above conditions are
not met.
DISCLAIMER
THE FONT SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT
OF COPYRIGHT, PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR OTHER RIGHT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
FROM, OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE FONT SOFTWARE OR FROM
OTHER DEALINGS IN THE FONT SOFTWARE.

View File

@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
Copyright 2020 The DM Mono Project Authors (https://www.github.com/googlefonts/dm-mono)
This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
This license is copied below, and is also available with a FAQ at:
http://scripts.sil.org/OFL
-----------------------------------------------------------
SIL OPEN FONT LICENSE Version 1.1 - 26 February 2007
-----------------------------------------------------------
PREAMBLE
The goals of the Open Font License (OFL) are to stimulate worldwide
development of collaborative font projects, to support the font creation
efforts of academic and linguistic communities, and to provide a free and
open framework in which fonts may be shared and improved in partnership
with others.
The OFL allows the licensed fonts to be used, studied, modified and
redistributed freely as long as they are not sold by themselves. The
fonts, including any derivative works, can be bundled, embedded,
redistributed and/or sold with any software provided that any reserved
names are not used by derivative works. The fonts and derivatives,
however, cannot be released under any other type of license. The
requirement for fonts to remain under this license does not apply
to any document created using the fonts or their derivatives.
DEFINITIONS
"Font Software" refers to the set of files released by the Copyright
Holder(s) under this license and clearly marked as such. This may
include source files, build scripts and documentation.
"Reserved Font Name" refers to any names specified as such after the
copyright statement(s).
"Original Version" refers to the collection of Font Software components as
distributed by the Copyright Holder(s).
"Modified Version" refers to any derivative made by adding to, deleting,
or substituting -- in part or in whole -- any of the components of the
Original Version, by changing formats or by porting the Font Software to a
new environment.
"Author" refers to any designer, engineer, programmer, technical
writer or other person who contributed to the Font Software.
PERMISSION & CONDITIONS
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of the Font Software, to use, study, copy, merge, embed, modify,
redistribute, and sell modified and unmodified copies of the Font
Software, subject to the following conditions:
1) Neither the Font Software nor any of its individual components,
in Original or Modified Versions, may be sold by itself.
2) Original or Modified Versions of the Font Software may be bundled,
redistributed and/or sold with any software, provided that each copy
contains the above copyright notice and this license. These can be
included either as stand-alone text files, human-readable headers or
in the appropriate machine-readable metadata fields within text or
binary files as long as those fields can be easily viewed by the user.
3) No Modified Version of the Font Software may use the Reserved Font
Name(s) unless explicit written permission is granted by the corresponding
Copyright Holder. This restriction only applies to the primary font name as
presented to the users.
4) The name(s) of the Copyright Holder(s) or the Author(s) of the Font
Software shall not be used to promote, endorse or advertise any
Modified Version, except to acknowledge the contribution(s) of the
Copyright Holder(s) and the Author(s) or with their explicit written
permission.
5) The Font Software, modified or unmodified, in part or in whole,
must be distributed entirely under this license, and must not be
distributed under any other license. The requirement for fonts to
remain under this license does not apply to any document created
using the Font Software.
TERMINATION
This license becomes null and void if any of the above conditions are
not met.
DISCLAIMER
THE FONT SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT
OF COPYRIGHT, PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR OTHER RIGHT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
FROM, OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE FONT SOFTWARE OR FROM
OTHER DEALINGS IN THE FONT SOFTWARE.

View File

@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
@font-face {
font-family: 'DM Mono';
src: url('DMMono-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'DM Mono';
src: url('DMMono-Medium.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: 500;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}

View File

@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
## License for USWDSs Modified Version
This font combines Libre Franklin (the “Original Version”) and these GSA modifications into a piece of font software called Public Sans, which is a “Modified Version” of Libre Franklin.
As a work of the United States Government, the font software modifications made by GSA are not subject to copyright within the United States. Additionally, GSA waives copyright and related rights in its font software modifications worldwide through the [CC0 1.0 Universal public domain dedication](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/).
The Original Version (as defined in the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1) remains subject to copyright under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
This Modified Version (Public Sans) contains both software under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1 and software modifications by GSA released as CC0. As a work of the United States Government, the software modifications made by GSA are not subject to copyright within the United States. Additionally, GSA waives copyright and related rights in its software modifications worldwide through the [CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/). It is a “joint work” made of the original software and modifications combined into a single work.
**In practice, users of this Modified Version (Public Sans) should use Public Sans according to the terms of the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1, below.** This is because this font is a combination of work subject to copyright and work not subject to copyright, so the more restrictive requirements apply to using the combined work.
## License of project USWDSs Modified Version is based on
- Libre Franklin is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1 (<http://scripts.sil.org/OFL>)
- To view the copyright and specific terms and conditions of Libre Franklin, please refer to [OFL.txt](https://github.com/impallari/Libre-Franklin/blob/master/OFL.txt)
## SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1
Copyright 2015 The Public Sans Project Authors (https://github.com/uswds/public-sans)
This Font Software is licensed under the SIL Open Font License, Version 1.1.
This license is copied below, and is also available with a FAQ at http://scripts.sil.org/OFL
```
-----------------------------------------------------------
SIL OPEN FONT LICENSE Version 1.1 - 26 February 2007
-----------------------------------------------------------
PREAMBLE
The goals of the Open Font License (OFL) are to stimulate worldwide
development of collaborative font projects, to support the font creation
efforts of academic and linguistic communities, and to provide a free and
open framework in which fonts may be shared and improved in partnership
with others.
The OFL allows the licensed fonts to be used, studied, modified and
redistributed freely as long as they are not sold by themselves. The
fonts, including any derivative works, can be bundled, embedded,
redistributed and/or sold with any software provided that any reserved
names are not used by derivative works. The fonts and derivatives,
however, cannot be released under any other type of license. The
requirement for fonts to remain under this license does not apply
to any document created using the fonts or their derivatives.
DEFINITIONS
"Font Software" refers to the set of files released by the Copyright
Holder(s) under this license and clearly marked as such. This may
include source files, build scripts and documentation.
"Reserved Font Name" refers to any names specified as such after the
copyright statement(s).
"Original Version" refers to the collection of Font Software components as
distributed by the Copyright Holder(s).
"Modified Version" refers to any derivative made by adding to, deleting,
or substituting -- in part or in whole -- any of the components of the
Original Version, by changing formats or by porting the Font Software to a
new environment.
"Author" refers to any designer, engineer, programmer, technical
writer or other person who contributed to the Font Software.
PERMISSION & CONDITIONS
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of the Font Software, to use, study, copy, merge, embed, modify,
redistribute, and sell modified and unmodified copies of the Font
Software, subject to the following conditions:
1) Neither the Font Software nor any of its individual components,
in Original or Modified Versions, may be sold by itself.
2) Original or Modified Versions of the Font Software may be bundled,
redistributed and/or sold with any software, provided that each copy
contains the above copyright notice and this license. These can be
included either as stand-alone text files, human-readable headers or
in the appropriate machine-readable metadata fields within text or
binary files as long as those fields can be easily viewed by the user.
3) No Modified Version of the Font Software may use the Reserved Font
Name(s) unless explicit written permission is granted by the corresponding
Copyright Holder. This restriction only applies to the primary font name as
presented to the users.
4) The name(s) of the Copyright Holder(s) or the Author(s) of the Font
Software shall not be used to promote, endorse or advertise any
Modified Version, except to acknowledge the contribution(s) of the
Copyright Holder(s) and the Author(s) or with their explicit written
permission.
5) The Font Software, modified or unmodified, in part or in whole,
must be distributed entirely under this license, and must not be
distributed under any other license. The requirement for fonts to
remain under this license does not apply to any document created
using the Font Software.
TERMINATION
This license becomes null and void if any of the above conditions are
not met.
DISCLAIMER
THE FONT SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT
OF COPYRIGHT, PATENT, TRADEMARK, OR OTHER RIGHT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
FROM, OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE FONT SOFTWARE OR FROM
OTHER DEALINGS IN THE FONT SOFTWARE.
```

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/* Homepage hero section */
.mdx-hero {
color: var(--pg-hero-color);
margin: 0 0.8rem;
text-align: center;
}
.mdx-hero h1 {
color: currentcolor;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
font-size: 2.6rem;
}
@media screen and (max-width: 29.9375em) {
.mdx-hero h1 {
font-size: 1.4rem;
}
}
.mdx-hero__content {
margin-top: 2rem;
padding-bottom: 0rem;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .mdx-hero .md-button--primary {
color: var(--md-primary-fg-color);
}
.mdx-hero .md-button--primary {
color: var(--md-primary-fg-color);
background-color: var(--pg-hero-color);
border-color: transparent;
margin-right: 0.5rem;
margin-top: 0.5rem;
}
nav[class="md-tabs"] {
border-bottom: none;
}

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@font-face {
font-family: 'Bagnard';
src: url("/assets/brand/WOFF/bagnard/Bagnard.woff") format("woff");
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Public Sans';
src: url('/assets/brand/WOFF/public_sans/PublicSans-Bold.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: bold;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Public Sans';
src: url('/assets/brand/WOFF/public_sans/PublicSans-BoldItalic.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: bold;
font-style: italic;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Public Sans';
src: url('/assets/brand/WOFF/public_sans/PublicSans-Light.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: 300;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Public Sans';
src: url('/assets/brand/WOFF/public_sans/PublicSans-Italic.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: normal;
font-style: italic;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Public Sans';
src: url('/assets/brand/WOFF/public_sans/PublicSans-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'DM Mono';
src: url('/assets/brand/WOFF/dm_mono/DMMono-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'DM Mono';
src: url('/assets/brand/WOFF/dm_mono/DMMono-Medium.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: 500;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
/* Define brand */
:root, [data-md-color-scheme="default"] {
--md-default-bg-color: rgb(247, 247, 252);
--md-primary-fg-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
--md-primary-fg-color--light: #FFD06F;
--md-primary-fg-color--dark: #db9d21;
--md-primary-bg-color: rgba(0,0,0,.75);
--md-primary-bg-color--light: rgba(0,0,0,.54);
--md-accent-fg-color: #4e30e6;
--md-text-font: "Public Sans", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
--md-code-font: "DM Mono", SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Menlo, monospace;
--pg-light-border: rgb(229, 231, 235);
--pg-hero-color: rgb(45, 45, 45);
--pg-purple: #603aa0;
--pg-red: #c0322f;
--pg-orange: #ac2f09;
--pg-teal: #04756a;
--pg-brown: #8d6e62;
--pg-blue: #0e66ae;
--pg-green: #2e7e31;
--pg-blue-gray: #546d78;
}
:root, [data-md-color-scheme="slate"] {
--md-default-bg-color: rgb(26, 26, 27);
--md-primary-fg-color: rgb(15, 15, 15);
--md-primary-fg-color--light: #FFD06F;
--md-primary-fg-color--dark: #db9d21;
--md-primary-bg-color: rgba(0,0,0,.75);
--md-primary-bg-color--light: rgba(0,0,0,.54);
--md-accent-fg-color: #ffdb57;
--md-text-font: "Public Sans", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
--md-code-font: "DM Mono", SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Menlo, monospace;
--pg-light-border: rgb(47, 47, 47);
--pg-hero-color: #FFD06F;
--pg-purple: #af94de;
--pg-red: #ff6c6a;
--pg-orange: #e97b5a;
--pg-teal: #8dc6c1;
--pg-brown: #b6988c;
--pg-blue: #74b9f1;
--pg-green: #72cd75;
--pg-blue-gray: #9ab2bc;
--md-footer-bg-color--dark: var(--md-default-bg-color);
}
/* Better contrast link colors */
[data-md-color-scheme="default"] > * {
--md-typeset-a-color: rgb(79, 70, 229);
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] > * {
--md-typeset-a-color: rgb(255, 208, 111);
}
/* Hide shadow under navigation */
.md-header[data-md-state="shadow"],
.md-header--shadow {
box-shadow: none;
}
/* buttons */
.md-typeset .md-button {
color: var(--md-typeset-color);
background: none;
border: 1px solid var(--pg-light-border);
border-radius: 6px;
box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 1px 3px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 1px 2px -1px;
}
.md-typeset .md-button--primary {
color: var(--md-typeset-a-color);
background-color: var(--md-primary-fg-color);
}
.md-typeset .grid.cards > :is(ul, ol) > li, .md-typeset .grid > .card { /* Firefox */
color: var(--md-typeset-color);
background: var(--md-primary-fg-color);
border: 1px solid var(--pg-light-border);
border-radius: 6px;
box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 1px 3px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 1px 2px -1px;
transition: none;
}
.md-typeset .grid.cards>:-webkit-any(ul,ol)>li, .md-typeset .grid>.card { /* Webkit */
color: var(--md-typeset-color);
background: var(--md-primary-fg-color);
border: 1px solid var(--pg-light-border);
border-radius: 6px;
box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 1px 3px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 1px 2px -1px;
transition: none;
}
.md-typeset .grid.cards > :is(ul, ol) > li:is(:focus-within, :hover), .md-typeset .grid > .card:is(:focus-within, :hover) { /* Firefox */
box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 1px 3px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 1px 2px -1px;
border-color: var(--md-accent-fg-color);
}
.md-typeset .grid.cards>:-webkit-any(ul,ol)>li:-webkit-any(:focus-within,:hover) { /* Webkit */
box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 1px 3px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) 0px 1px 2px -1px;
border-color: var(--md-accent-fg-color);
}
/* header font */
.md-header__topic:first-child {
font-weight: 300;
}
h1, h2, h3, .md-header__topic {
font-family: "Bagnard", serif;
}
/* Recommendation cards */
.md-typeset .admonition.recommendation,
.md-typeset details.recommendation {
border: 1px solid var(--pg-light-border);
font-size: inherit;
}
.md-typeset .recommendation > .admonition-title,
.md-typeset .recommendation > summary {
background-color: rgba(43, 155, 70, 0.0);
border: none;
padding-left: 0.6rem;
}
.md-typeset .recommendation > .admonition-title::before,
.md-typeset .recommendation > .admonition-title,
.md-typeset .recommendation > summary::before {
display: none;
}
.md-typeset .recommendation img[align="right"], .md-typeset svg[align="right"] {
width: 150px;
}
.md-typeset .admonition.downloads,
.md-typeset details.downloads {
border: none;
}
.md-typeset .downloads > .admonition-title,
.md-typeset .downloads > summary {
background-color: rgba(43, 155, 70, 0.0);
border: none;
padding-left: 0.6rem;
}
.md-typeset .downloads > .admonition-title::before,
.md-typeset .downloads > .admonition-title,
.md-typeset .downloads > summary::before {
background-color: var( --md-typeset-a-color);
-webkit-mask-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='16' height='16' fill='currentColor' class='bi bi-arrow-down-circle-fill' viewBox='0 0 16 16'%3E%3Cpath d='M16 8A8 8 0 1 1 0 8a8 8 0 0 1 16 0zM8.5 4.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v5.793L5.354 8.146a.5.5 0 1 0-.708.708l3 3a.5.5 0 0 0 .708 0l3-3a.5.5 0 0 0-.708-.708L8.5 10.293V4.5z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
mask-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='16' height='16' fill='currentColor' class='bi bi-arrow-down-circle-fill' viewBox='0 0 16 16'%3E%3Cpath d='M16 8A8 8 0 1 1 0 8a8 8 0 0 1 16 0zM8.5 4.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v5.793L5.354 8.146a.5.5 0 1 0-.708.708l3 3a.5.5 0 0 0 .708 0l3-3a.5.5 0 0 0-.708-.708L8.5 10.293V4.5z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}
.md-typeset .downloads > summary::after {
right:auto;
}
.downloads p > a {
padding-left: 0.5em;
}
details[class="downloads annotate"] > p .md-annotation span span::before {
vertical-align: 0;
}
/* Card links */
.md-typeset .card-link {
color: var(--md-default-fg-color--light);
}
.md-typeset .card-link:hover {
color: var(--md-accent-fg-color);
}
.md-typeset .card-link:not(:first-child) {
padding-left: 0.5em;
}
/* Correct page icon size */
.md-nav__link svg {
width: 22px;
}
/* Un-sticky sidebar without JS */
.no-js .md-sidebar {
align-self: auto;
}
/* Maintain 16:9 aspect ratio on embedded YT videos */
.yt-embed {
position: relative;
width: 100%;
padding-bottom: 56.25%;
height: 0;
}
.yt-embed iframe {
position: absolute;
top:0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
/* Badge colors */
.pg-purple {
color: var(--pg-purple);
}
.pg-red {
color: var(--pg-red);
}
.pg-orange {
color: var(--pg-orange);
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.pg-teal {
color: var(--pg-teal);
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color: var(--pg-brown);
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.pg-blue {
color: var(--pg-blue);
}
.pg-green {
color: var(--pg-green);
}
.pg-blue-gray {
color: var(--pg-blue-gray);
}
/* Make light/dark mode icon smaller */
label[class="md-header__button md-icon"] svg {
height: 1rem;
width: 1rem;
}
/* Custom header + nav */
.md-header >*, .md-tabs {
background: none;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .md-header >*, [data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .md-tabs {
color: #fff;
}
.md-header__button {
color: var(--md-default-fg-color--light);
}
.md-header, .md-tabs { /* firefox fallback */
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .95);
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .md-header, [data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .md-tabs { /* firefox fallback */
background-color: rgba(9, 9, 9, 0.95);
}
@supports ((-webkit-backdrop-filter: none) or (backdrop-filter: none)) {
.md-header, .md-tabs {
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, .6);
-webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .md-header, [data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .md-tabs {
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
-webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
}
}
[data-md-color-scheme="default"] img[src$="#only-dark"] {
display: none !important;
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[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] img[src$="#only-light"] {
display: none !important;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .md-nav--primary .md-nav__title[for="__drawer"] {
color: var(--md-typeset-a-color)
}
@media screen and (max-width: 59.9375em) {
.md-nav__source {
display: none;
}
}
header[class="md-header md-header--shadow"], nav[class="md-tabs"] {
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--pg-light-border);
}
@media screen and (min-width: 60em) {
.md-search__overlay {
background-color: transparent;
}
.md-search__form {
border: 1px solid var(--pg-light-border);
background-color: var(--md-primary-fg-color) !important;
box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02) 0px 1px 3px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02) 0px 1px 2px -1px;
border-radius: 6px;
height: 1.4rem;
}
[data-md-toggle="search"]:checked ~ .md-header .md-search__form {
border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0;
}
[dir="ltr"] .md-search__output {
top: initial;
border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;
}
[data-md-toggle="search"]:checked ~ .md-header .md-search__output {
box-shadow: 0 0 .6rem rgba(0,0,0,.07);
}
.md-search__input {
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}
.md-search__options {
top: .05rem;
}
.md-search__icon, .md-search__input::placeholder {
color: var(--md-default-fg-color--light) !important;
}
.md-search__icon svg {
width: .75rem;
height: .75rem;
}
}
div[class="md-source__icon md-icon"], div[class="md-source__repository md-source__repository--active"] *:not(.md-source__facts):not(.md-source__fact) {
display: none;
}
.md-source__fact::before {
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}
.md-header__option {
transition: max-width 0ms,opacity 0ms;
}
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width: initial;
margin-right: 1em;
}
[dir="ltr"] .md-source__icon + .md-source__repository {
padding-left: 0;
}
.md-source__repository {
max-width: initial;
}
form[class="md-header__option"] > label[class="md-header__button md-icon"] > svg {
fill: none !important;
}
.md-tabs__link--active {
background:
radial-gradient(farthest-side, var(--md-primary-fg-color--light) 98%,transparent 100%) bottom right/2px 2px,
radial-gradient(farthest-side, var(--md-primary-fg-color--light) 98%,transparent 100%) bottom left /2px 2px,
linear-gradient(var(--md-primary-fg-color--light),var(--md-primary-fg-color--light)) bottom/calc(100% - 2px) 2px;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
background-origin: padding-box;
padding-bottom: 2px;
}
/* Redesigned admonitions */
.md-typeset .admonition.recommendation {
border: 1px solid var(--pg-light-border);
}
.md-typeset :is(.admonition, details) {
background-color: var(--md-primary-fg-color);
box-shadow: none;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid;
border-left-width: 1px!important;
}
.md-typeset :is(.admonition-title, summary) {
margin-left: -0.6rem!important;
}
.md-typeset details:not(.downloads, [open]) summary:hover {
box-shadow: inset 0 0 100px 100px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .md-typeset details:not(.downloads, [open]) summary:hover {
box-shadow: inset 0 0 100px 100px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}
.md-typeset .recommendation img[align="right"] {
width: 100px;
}
/* Custom tooltips */
.md-tooltip {
background-color: var(--md-primary-fg-color);
border-radius: 6px;
}
path[d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"] {
d: path('M16.937 3.722a2.363 2.363 0 1 1 3.341 3.341L19.342 8 16 4.658l.937-.936ZM13.467 7 3 17.467V21h3.532L17 10.533 13.465 7h.001Z')
}
/* Custom footer */
button[class="md-feedback__icon md-icon"] svg {
fill: none !important;
}

View File

@ -1,23 +1,21 @@
/* Homepage hero section */
.mdx-container {
background: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg width='100%' height='100%' viewBox='0 0 1123 258' version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' xml:space='preserve' xmlns:serif='http://www.serif.com/' style='fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-miterlimit:2;'><g transform='matrix(-1.01432,0,0,0.388868,1134.41,161.501)'><path d='M1124,2L1124,258L-1,258L-1,210C-1,210 15,215 54,215C170,215 251,123 379,123C500,123 493,169 633,169C773,169 847,2 1205,3L1124,2Z' style='fill:white;fill-rule:nonzero;'/></g></svg>")
background: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg width='100%' height='100%' viewBox='0 0 1123 258' version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' xml:space='preserve' xmlns:serif='http://www.serif.com/' style='fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-miterlimit:2;'><g transform='matrix(-1.01432,0,0,0.388868,1134.41,161.501)'><path d='M1124,2L1124,258L-1,258L-1,210C-1,210 15,215 54,215C170,215 251,123 379,123C500,123 493,169 633,169C773,169 847,2 1205,3L1124,2Z' style='fill:rgb(247, 247, 252);fill-rule:nonzero;'/></g></svg>")
no-repeat bottom,
linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--md-primary-fg-color), var(--md-primary-fg-color--light) 99%, var(--md-default-bg-color) 99%);
linear-gradient(to bottom, rgb(255 255 255/.8), #ffdd98 99%, var(--md-default-bg-color) 99%);
padding-top: 1rem;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .mdx-container {
background: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg width='100%' height='100%' viewBox='0 0 1123 258' version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' xml:space='preserve' xmlns:serif='http://www.serif.com/' style='fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-miterlimit:2;'><g transform='matrix(-1.01432,0,0,0.388868,1134.41,161.501)'><path d='M1124,2L1124,258L-1,258L-1,210C-1,210 15,215 54,215C170,215 251,123 379,123C500,123 493,169 633,169C773,169 847,2 1205,3L1124,2Z' style='fill:rgb(46,48,62);fill-rule:nonzero;'/></g></svg>")
no-repeat bottom,
linear-gradient(to bottom, var(--md-primary-fg-color), var(--md-primary-fg-color--dark) 99%, var(--md-default-bg-color) 99%);
background: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg width='100%' height='100%' viewBox='0 0 1123 258' version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' xml:space='preserve' xmlns:serif='http://www.serif.com/' style='fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-miterlimit:2;'><g transform='matrix(-1.01432,0,0,0.388868,1134.41,161.501)'><path d='M1124,2L1124,258L-1,258L-1,210C-1,210 15,215 54,215C170,215 251,123 379,123C500,123 493,169 633,169C773,169 847,2 1205,3L1124,2Z' style='fill:rgb(26, 26, 27);fill-rule:nonzero;'/></g></svg>")
no-repeat bottom, rgba(9, 9, 9, 0.95);
}
.mdx-hero {
color: var(--md-primary-bg-color);
color: var(--pg-hero-color);
margin: 0 0.8rem;
}
.mdx-hero h1 {
color: currentcolor;
font-weight: 700;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
font-size: 2.6rem;
}
@ -51,18 +49,19 @@
}
}
.mdx-hero .md-button {
color: var(--md-primary-bg-color);
color: var(--pg-hero-color);
border-color: var(--pg-hero-color);
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .mdx-hero .md-button--primary {
color: var(--md-primary-fg-color);
}
.mdx-hero .md-button--primary {
color: var(--md-primary-fg-color);
background-color: var(--md-primary-bg-color);
background-color: var(--pg-hero-color);
border-color: transparent;
margin-right: 0.5rem;
margin-top: 0.5rem;
}
.mdx-hero .md-button--primary:is(:focus, :hover) {
color: white;
nav[class="md-tabs"] {
border-bottom: none;
}

View File

@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ For the account email, either create a new alternate email account via your prov
You can check [JustDeleteMe](https://justdeleteme.xyz) for instructions on deleting the account for a specific service. Some sites will graciously have a "Delete Account" option, while others will go as far as to force you to speak with a support agent. The deletion process can vary from site to site, with account deletion being impossible on some.
For services that don't allow account deletion, the best thing to do is falsify all your information as previously mentioned and strengthen account security. To do so, enable [MFA](security/multi-factor-authentication) and any extra security features offered. As well, change the password to a randomly-generated one that is the maximum allowed size (a [password manager](/passwords/#local-password-managers) can be useful for this).
For services that don't allow account deletion, the best thing to do is falsify all your information as previously mentioned and strengthen account security. To do so, enable [MFA](basics/multi-factor-authentication) and any extra security features offered. As well, change the password to a randomly-generated one that is the maximum allowed size (a [password manager](/passwords/#local-password-managers) can be useful for this).
If you're satisfied that all information you care about is removed, you can safely forget about this account. If not, it might be a good idea to keep the credentials stored with your other passwords and occasionally re-login to reset the password.

View File

@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ Thankfully, end-to-end encryption can alleviate this issue by encrypting communi
??? note "Note on web-based encryption"
In practice, the effectiveness of different end-to-end encryption implementations varies. Applications such as [Signal](../real-time-communication.md#signal) run natively on your device, and every copy of the application is the same across different installations. If the service provider were to backdoor their application in an attempt to steal your private keys, that could later be detected using reverse engineering.
On the other hand, web based end-to-end encryption implementations such as ProtonMail's webmail or Bitwarden's web vault rely on the server dynamically serving JavaScript code to the browser to handle cryptographic operations. A malicious server could target a specific user and send them malicious JavaScript code to steal their encryption key, and it would be extremely hard for the user to ever notice such a thing. Even if the user does notice the attempt to steal their key, it would be incredibly hard to prove that it is the provider trying to do so, because the server can choose to serve different web clients to different users.
On the other hand, web based end-to-end encryption implementations such as Proton Mail's webmail or Bitwarden's web vault rely on the server dynamically serving JavaScript code to the browser to handle cryptographic operations. A malicious server could target a specific user and send them malicious JavaScript code to steal their encryption key, and it would be extremely hard for the user to ever notice such a thing. Even if the user does notice the attempt to steal their key, it would be incredibly hard to prove that it is the provider trying to do so, because the server can choose to serve different web clients to different users.
Therefore, when relying on end-to-end encryption, you should choose to use native applications over web clients whenever possible.
Even with end-to-end encryption, service providers can still profile you based on **metadata**, which is typically not protected. While the service provider could not read your messages to see what you're saying, they can still observe things like who you're talking to, how often you message them, and what times you're typically active. Protection of metadata is fairly uncommon, and you should pay close attention to the technical documentation of the software you are using to see if there is any metadata minimization or protection at all, if that is a concern for you.
@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ Additionally, even companies outside of the ad-tech/tracking space can share you
The best way to ensure your data is private is to simply not put it out there in the first place. Deleting information you find about yourself online is one of the best first steps you can take to regain your privacy.
- [View our guide on account deletion :material-arrow-right:](account-deletion.md)
- [View our guide on account deletion :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](account-deletion.md)
On sites where you do share information, checking the privacy settings of your account to limit how widely that data is spread is very important. For example, if your accounts have a "private mode," enable it to make sure your account isn't being indexed by search engines and can't be viewed by people you don't vet beforehand.

View File

@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
---
title: Email Security
icon: material/email
---
Email is an insecure form of communication by default. You can improve your email security with tools such as OpenPGP, which add End-to-End Encryption to your messages, but OpenPGP still has a number of drawbacks compared to encryption in other messaging applications, and some email data can never be encrypted inherently due to how email is designed.
As a result, email is best used for receiving transactional emails (like notifications, verification emails, password resets, etc.) from the services you sign up for online, not for communicating with others.
## Email Encryption Overview
The standard way to add E2EE to emails between different email providers is by using OpenPGP. There are different implementations of the OpenPGP standard, the most common being [GnuPG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Privacy_Guard) and [OpenPGP.js](https://openpgpjs.org).
There is another standard which is popular with business called [S/MIME](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S/MIME), however, it requires a certificate issued from a [Certificate Authority](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_authority) (not all of them issue S/MIME certificates). It has support in [Google Workplace](https://support.google.com/a/topic/9061730?hl=en&ref_topic=9061731) and [Outlook for Web or Exchange Server 2016, 2019](https://support.office.com/en-us/article/encrypt-messages-by-using-s-mime-in-outlook-on-the-web-878c79fc-7088-4b39-966f-14512658f480).
Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_secrecy), which means if either your or the recipient's private key is ever stolen, all previous messages encrypted with it will be exposed. This is why we recommend [instant messengers](../real-time-communication.md) which implement forward secrecy over email for person-to-person communications whenever possible.
### What Email Clients Support E2EE?
Email providers which allow you to use standard access protocols like IMAP and SMTP can be used with any of the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md). This can be less secure as you are now relying on email providers to ensure that their encryption implementation works and has not been compromised in anyway.
### How Do I Protect My Private Keys?
A smartcard (such as a [Yubikey](https://support.yubico.com/hc/en-us/articles/360013790259-Using-Your-YubiKey-with-OpenPGP) or [Nitrokey](https://www.nitrokey.com)) works by receiving an encrypted email message from a device (phone, tablet, computer etc) running an email/webmail client. The message is then decrypted by the smartcard and the decrypted content is sent back to the device.
It is advantageous for the decryption to occur on the smartcard so as to avoid possibly exposing your private key to a compromised device.
## Email Metadata Overview
Email metadata is stored in the [message header](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email#Message_header) of the email message, and includes some visible headers that you may have seen such as: `To`, `From`, `Cc`, `Date`, `Subject`. There are also a number of hidden headers included by many email clients and providers that can reveal information about your account.
Client software may use email metadata to show who a message is from and what time it was received. Servers may use it to determine where an email message must be sent, among [other purposes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email#Message_header) which are not always transparent.
### Who Can View Email Metadata?
Email metadata is protected from outside observers with [Opportunistic TLS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_TLS) protecting it from outside observers, but it is still able to be seen by your email client software (or webmail) and any servers relaying the message from you to any recipients including your email provider. Sometimes email servers will also use third-party services to protect against spam, which generally also have access to your messages.
### Why Can't Metadata be E2EE?
Email metadata is crucial to the most basic functionality of email (where it came from, and where it has to go). E2EE was not built into the email protocols originally, instead requiring add-on software like OpenPGP. Because OpenPGP messages still have to work with traditional email providers, it cannot encrypt email metadata, only the message body itself. That means that even when using OpenPGP, outside observers can see lots of information about your messages, such as who you're emailing, the subject lines, when you're emailing, etc.
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

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@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
---
title: "Secure Data Erasure"
icon: 'material/harddisk-remove'
---
**Erasing data** from your computer may seem like a simple task, but if you want to make sure the data is truly unrecoverable, there are some things you should consider.
!!! tip
You should use [full disk encryption](../encryption.md#os-full-disk-encryption) on your storage devices. If your device is stolen or needs to be returned under warranty your privacy may be at risk.
To erase a storage device **thoroughly**, you should securely erase the whole device and not individual files.
## Erasing Your Entire Drive
When you delete a file, the operating system marks the space where the deleted file was as "empty." That "empty" space can be fairly easily undeleted, yielding the original file.
### Magnetic storage
If the disk is a magnetic storage device, such as a spinning hard disk, we suggest using [`nwipe`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nwipe). `nwipe` can be installed in most Linux distributions. If you wish to use a complete boot environment on a system, consider using [ShredOS Disk Eraser](https://github.com/PartialVolume/shredos.x86_64). ShredOS boots straight into `nwipe` and allows you to erase available disks. To install it to a flash USB stick see the [installation methods](https://github.com/PartialVolume/shredos.x86_64/blob/master/README.md#obtaining-and-writing-shredos-to-a-usb-flash-drive-the-easy-way-).
Once you have your boot media, enter your system's UEFI settings and boot from the USB stick. Commonly used keys to access UEFI are ++f2++, ++f12++, or ++del++. Follow the on-screen prompts to wipe your data.
![ShredOS](../assets/img/erasing-data/shredos.png)
### Flash Storage
For [flash memory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_memory) (SSD, NVMe etc) devices we suggest the ATA Secure Erase command. Methods such as `nwipe` should not be used on flash storage devices as it may damage their performance. The "Secure Erase" feature is often accessible through the UEFI setup menu.
It is also possible to complete a Secure Erase using the [`hdparm`](https://ata.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/ATA_Secure_Erase) command, or [Microsoft Secure Group Commands](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/storage/security-group-commands).
Physical destruction may be necessary to securely erase devices such as memory cards, USB sticks and unusable hard disks.
## Erasing Specific Files
Securely shredding **individual files** is difficult if not impossible. Copies can exist in a variety of ways such as through manual, or automatic backups, [wear leveling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wear_leveling) (on modern [flash storage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid-state_drive)), caching and filesystem [journaling](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journaling_file_system).
Wear leveled devices do not guarantee a fixed relationship between [logical blocks addressed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_block_addressing) through the interface. This means that the physical locations in which the data is stored may be different to where it is actually located, so shredding may not provide adequate security.
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

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@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ Making a security plan will help you to understand the threats that are unique t
For people looking to increase their privacy and security online, we've compiled a list of common threats our visitors face or goals our visitors have, to give you some inspiration and demonstrate the basis of our recommendations.
- [Common Goals and Threats :material-arrow-right:](common-threats.md)
- [Common Goals and Threats :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](common-threats.md)
## Sources

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@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
---
title: VPN Overview
icon: material/vpn
---
Virtual Private Networks are a way of extending the end of your network to exit somewhere else in the world. An ISP can see the flow of internet traffic entering and exiting your network termination device (ie. modem).
Encryption protocols such as HTTPS are commonly used on the internet, so they may not be able to see exactly what you're posting or reading but they can get an idea of the [domains you request](/basics/dns.md/#why-shouldnt-i-use-encrypted-dns).
A VPN can help as it can shift trust to a server somewhere else in the world. As a result, the ISP then only sees that you are connected to a VPN and nothing about the activity that you're passing into it.
## Should I use a VPN?
**Yes**, unless you are already using Tor. A VPN does 2 things: shifting the risks from your Internet Service Provider to itself and hiding your IP from a third party service.
VPNs cannot encrypt data outside of the connection between your device and the VPN server. VPN providers can see and modify your traffic the same way your ISP could. And there is no way to verify a VPN provider's "no logging" policies in any way.
However, they do hide your actual IP from a third party service, provided that there are no IP leaks. They help you blend in with others and mitigate IP based tracking.
## What about encryption?
Encryption offered by VPN providers are between your devices and their servers. It guarantees that this specific link is secure. This is a step up from using unencrypted proxies where an adversary on the network can intercept the communications between your devices and said proxies and modify them. However, encryption between your apps or browsers with the service providers are not handled by this encryption.
In order to keep what you actually do on the websites you visit private and secure, you must use HTTPS. This will keep your passwords, session tokens, and queries safe from the VPN provider. Consider enabling "HTTPS everywhere" in your browser to mitigate downgrade attacks like [SSL Strip](https://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-dc-09/Marlinspike/BlackHat-DC-09-Marlinspike-Defeating-SSL.pdf).
## Should I use encrypted DNS with a VPN?
Unless your VPN provider hosts the encrypted DNS servers, **no**. Using DOH/DOT (or any other form of encrypted DNS) with third party servers will simply add more entities to trust, and does **absolutely nothing** to improve your privacy/security. Your VPN provider can still see which websites you visit based on the IP addresses and other methods. Instead of just trusting your VPN provider, you are now trusting both the VPN provider and the DNS provider.
A common reason to recommend encrypted DNS is that it helps against DNS spoofing. However, your browser should already be checking for [TLS certificates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security#Digital_certificates) with **HTTPS** and warn you about it. If you are not using **HTTPS**, then an adversary can still just modify anything other than your DNS queries and the end result will be little different.
Needless to say, **you shouldn't use encrypted DNS with Tor**. This would direct all of your DNS requests through a single circuit, and would allow the encrypted DNS provider to deanonymize you.
## Should I use Tor *and* a VPN?
By using a VPN with Tor, you're creating essentially a permanent entry node, often with a money trail attached. This provides zero additional benefit to you, while increasing the attack surface of your connection dramatically. If you wish to hide your Tor usage from your ISP or your government, Tor has a built-in solution for that: Tor bridges. [Read more about Tor bridges and why using a VPN is not necessary](https://web.archive.org/web/20210116140725/https://write.privacytools.io/my-thoughts-on-security/slicing-onions-part-2-onion-recipes-vpn-not-required).
## What if I need anonymity?
VPNs cannot provide anonymity. Your VPN provider will still see your real IP address, and often has a money trail that can be linked directly back to you. You cannot rely on "no logging" policies to protect your data. Use [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) instead.
## What about VPN providers that provides Tor nodes?
Do not use that feature. The point of using Tor is that you do not trust your VPN provider. Currently Tor only supports the [TCP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol) protocol. [UDP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol) (used in [WebRTC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebRTC) for voice and video sharing, the new [http3/QUIC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP/3) protocol, etc), [ICMP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol) and other packets will be dropped. To compensate for this, VPN providers typically will route all non TCP packets through their VPN server (your first hop). This is the case with [ProtonVPN](https://protonvpn.com/support/tor-vpn/). Additionally, when using this Tor over VPN setup, you do not have control over other important Tor features such as [Isolated Destination Address](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Stream_Isolation) (using a different Tor circuit for every domain you visit).
Thus, this feature should be viewed as a convenient way to access the Tor Network, not to stay anonymous. For true anonymity, use the Tor Browser Bundle, TorSocks, or a Tor gateway.
## When are VPNs useful?
A VPN may still be useful to you in a variety of scenarios, such as:
1. Hiding your traffic from **only** your Internet Service Provider.
2. Hiding your downloads (such as torrents) from your ISP and anti-piracy organizations.
3. Hiding your IP from third party websites and services, preventing IP based tracking.
For use cases like these, or if you have another compelling reason, the VPN providers we listed above are who we think are the most trustworthy. However, using a VPN provider still means you're *trusting* the provider. In pretty much any other scenario you should be using a secure**-by-design** tool such as Tor.
## Sources and Further Reading
1. [VPN - a Very Precarious Narrative](https://schub.io/blog/2019/04/08/very-precarious-narrative.html) by Dennis Schubert
2. [The self-contained networks](../self-contained-networks.md) recommended by Privacy Guides are able to replace a VPN that allows access to services on local area network
3. [Slicing Onions: Part 1 Myth-busting Tor](https://medium.com/privacyguides/slicing-onions-part-1-myth-busting-tor-9ec188ae1904) by blacklight447
4. [Slicing Onions: Part 2 Onion recipes; VPN not required](https://web.archive.org/web/20210116140725/https://write.privacytools.io/my-thoughts-on-security/slicing-onions-part-2-onion-recipes-vpn-not-required) by blacklight447
5. [IVPN Privacy Guides](https://www.ivpn.net/privacy-guides)
6. ["Do I need a VPN?"](https://www.doineedavpn.com), a tool developed by IVPN to challenge aggressive VPN marketing by helping individuals decide if a VPN is right for them.
## Related VPN Information
- [The Trouble with VPN and Privacy Review Sites](https://medium.com/privacyguides/the-trouble-with-vpn-and-privacy-review-sites-ae9b29eda8fd)
- [Proxy.sh VPN Provider Sniffed Server Traffic to Catch Hacker](https://torrentfreak.com/proxy-sh-vpn-provider-monitored-traffic-to-catch-hacker-130930/)
- [blackVPN announced to delete connection logs after disconnection](https://medium.com/@blackVPN/no-logs-6d65d95a3016)
- [Don't use LT2P IPSec, use other protocols.](https://gist.github.com/kennwhite/1f3bc4d889b02b35d8aa)
- [Free VPN App Investigation](https://www.top10vpn.com/free-vpn-app-investigation/)
- [Hidden VPN owners unveiled: 101 VPN products run by just 23 companies](https://vpnpro.com/blog/hidden-vpn-owners-unveiled-97-vpns-23-companies/)
- [This Chinese company is secretly behind 24 popular apps seeking dangerous permissions](https://vpnpro.com/blog/chinese-company-secretly-behind-popular-apps-seeking-dangerous-permissions/)
## VPN Security Breaches
Some examples of why external security auditing is important:
- ["Zero logs" VPN exposes millions of logs including user passwords, claims data is anonymous](https://www.comparitech.com/blog/vpn-privacy/ufo-vpn-data-exposure/) July 2020
- [NordVPN HTTP POST bug exposed customer information, no authentication required](https://www.zdnet.com/article/nordvpn-http-post-bug-exposed-sensitive-customer-information/) March 2020
- [Row erupts over who to blame after NordVPN says: One of our servers was hacked via remote management tool](https://www.theregister.com/2019/10/21/nordvpn_security_issue/) October 2019
- [VPN servers seized by Ukrainian authorities weren't encrypted and allowed authorities to impersonate Windscribe servers and capture and decrypt traffic passing through them](https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/07/vpn-servers-seized-by-ukrainian-authorities-werent-encrypted/) July 2021
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

1
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@ -13,20 +13,23 @@ These are our currently recommended web browsers and configurations. In general,
![Tor Browser logo](assets/img/browsers/tor.svg){ align=right }
**Tor Browser** is the choice if you need anonymity, as it provides you with access to the Tor Bridges and [Tor Network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor_(network)), along with settings and extensions that are automatically configured by the default security levels: *Standard*, *Safer* and *Safest*.
The Tor Browser is designed to prevent fingerprinting, or identifying you based on your browser configuration. Therefore, it is imperative to **not** configure the browser beyond the default security levels.
[Homepage](https://www.torproject.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:pg-tor:](http://2gzyxa5ihm7nsggfxnu52rck2vv4rvmdlkiu3zzui5du4xyclen53wid.onion){ .md-button } [Privacy Policy](https://support.torproject.org/tbb/tbb-3/){ .md-button }
The Tor Browser is designed to prevent fingerprinting, or identifying you based on your browser configuration. Therefore, it is imperative that you do **not** modify the browser beyond the default security levels.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.torproject.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](http://2gzyxa5ihm7nsggfxnu52rck2vv4rvmdlkiu3zzui5du4xyclen53wid.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://tb-manual.torproject.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitweb.torproject.org/tor-browser.git/){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://donate.torproject.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://www.torproject.org/download/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://www.torproject.org/download/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://www.torproject.org/download/)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.github.micahflee.torbrowser-launcher)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.torproject.torbrowser)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://guardianproject.info/fdroid/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://www.torproject.org/download/){ title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://www.torproject.org/download/){ title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://www.torproject.org/download/){ title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.github.micahflee.torbrowser-launcher){ title=Flatpak }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.torproject.torbrowser){ title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://guardianproject.info/fdroid/){ title=F-Droid }
!!! danger
You should **never** install any additional extensions on Tor Browser, including the ones we suggest for Firefox. Browser extensions make you stand out from others on the Tor network, thus making your browser easier to [fingerprint](https://support.torproject.org/glossary/browser-fingerprinting).
@ -41,15 +44,18 @@ These are our currently recommended web browsers and configurations. In general,
**Firefox** provides strong privacy settings such as [Enhanced Tracking Protection](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/enhanced-tracking-protection-firefox-desktop), which can help block various [types of tracking](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/enhanced-tracking-protection-firefox-desktop#w_what-enhanced-tracking-protection-blocks).
[Homepage](https://firefox.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.mozilla.org/privacy/firefox){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://firefox.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.mozilla.org/privacy/firefox/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://firefox-source-docs.mozilla.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://donate.mozilla.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/windows)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/mac)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/linux)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.mozilla.firefox)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/windows){ title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/mac){ title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://www.mozilla.org/firefox/linux){ title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.mozilla.firefox){ title=Flatpak }
!!! warning
Firefox includes a unique [download token](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1677497#c0) in downloads from Mozilla's website and uses telemetry in Firefox to send the token. The token is **not** included in releases from the [Mozilla FTP](https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/).
@ -118,16 +124,19 @@ The [Arkenfox project](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js) provides a set of ca
We don't recommend Brave's mobile browser offerings as there are better [options](#mobile-recommendations) for mobile platforms.
[Homepage](https://brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://brave.com/privacy/browser/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](https://brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://brave.com/privacy/browser/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.brave.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/brave/brave-browser){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads annotate
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://brave.com/download/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://brave.com/download/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://brave.com/linux/) (1)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/brave/brave-browser)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://brave.com/download/){ title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://brave.com/download/){ title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://brave.com/linux/){ title=Linux } (1)
1. We advise against using the Flatpak version of Brave as it is believed to feature a weaker sandboxing system. As well, the package is **not** maintained by Brave Software, Inc.
1. We advise against using the Flatpak version of Brave, as it replaces Chromium's sandbox with Flatpak's, which is less effective. Additionally, the package is not maintained by Brave Software, Inc.
#### Recommended Configuration
@ -218,13 +227,17 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple.
**Bromite** is a Chromium-based browser with privacy and security enhancements, built-in ad blocking, and some fingerprinting randomization.
[Homepage](https://www.bromite.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.bromite.org/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.bromite.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.bromite.org/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/bromite/bromite/wiki){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/bromite/bromite){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/bromite/bromite#donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads annotate
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://www.bromite.org/fdroid) (1)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/bromite/bromite)
1. [Neo Store](/android/#neo-store) users can enable the *Bromite repository* in :material-dots-vertical: → **Repositories**
[:pg-f-droid:](https://www.bromite.org/fdroid){ title=F-Droid } (1)
1. If you use [Neo Store](/android/#neo-store), you can enable the *Bromite repository* in:<br> :material-dots-vertical: → **Repositories**
These options can be found in :material-menu: → :gear: **Settings****Privacy and Security**.
@ -250,7 +263,9 @@ This prevents you from unintentionally connecting to a website in plain-text HTT
**Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as Intelligent Tracking Protection, Privacy Report, isolated Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and automatic HTTPS upgrades.
[Website](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.apple.com/guide/safari/welcome/mac){ .card-link title=Documentation}
#### Recommended Configuration
@ -310,37 +325,37 @@ We generally do not recommend installing any extensions as they increase your at
**uBlock Origin** is a popular content blocker that could help you block ads, trackers, and fingerprinting scripts.
[Extension Info](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock#readme){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock#readme){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-firefox: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/ublock-origin)
- [:fontawesome-brands-chrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/ublock-origin/cjpalhdlnbpafiamejdnhcphjbkeiagm)
- [:fontawesome-brands-edge: Edge](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/ublock-origin/odfafepnkmbhccpbejgmiehpchacaeak)
- [:fontawesome-brands-opera: Opera](https://addons.opera.com/extensions/details/ublock)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock)
[:fontawesome-brands-firefox:](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/ublock-origin/){ .card-link title=Firefox }
[:fontawesome-brands-chrome:](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/ublock-origin/cjpalhdlnbpafiamejdnhcphjbkeiagm){ .card-link title=Chrome }
[:fontawesome-brands-edge:](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/ublock-origin/odfafepnkmbhccpbejgmiehpchacaeak){ .card-link title=Edge }
We suggest leaving the extension in its default configuration. Additional filter lists can impact performance and may increase attack surface, so only apply what you need. If there is a [vulnerability in uBlock Origin](https://portswigger.net/research/ublock-i-exfiltrate-exploiting-ad-blockers-with-css) a third party filter could add malicious rules that can potentially steal user data.
uBlock Origin is also a Mozilla :trophy: [Recommended Extension](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/add-on-badges#w_recommended-extensions). Recommended extensions are manually reviewed by Mozilla staff security experts to ensure they meet the highest standards of security, functionality, and user experience.
### AdGuard for Safari
### AdGuard for iOS
!!! recommendation
![AdGuard logo](assets/img/browsers/adguard.svg){ align=right }
**AdGuard for Safari** is a free and open-source content-blocking extension for Safari that uses the native [Content Blocker API](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/safariservices/creating_a_content_blocker).
**AdGuard for iOS** is a free and open-source content-blocking extension for Safari that uses the native [Content Blocker API](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/safariservices/creating_a_content_blocker).
We suggest enabling the filters labled *#recommended* under the "Ad Blocking" and "Privacy" [content blockers](https://kb.adguard.com/en/safari/overview#content-blockers). The *#recommended* filters can also be enabled for the "Social Widgets" and "Annoyances" content blockers, but they may break some social media functions.
AdGuard for iOS has some premium features, however the standard Safari content blocking is free of charge.
[Website](https://adguard.com/en/adguard-safari/overview.html){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://adguard.com/en/privacy/safari.html){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://adguard.com/en/adguard-ios/overview.html){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://adguard.com/privacy/ios.html){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://kb.adguard.com/ios){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdguardForiOS){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-safari: Safari](https://apps.apple.com/app/adguard-for-safari/id1440147259)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-store/id1047223162)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardForSafari)
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/apple-store/id1047223162){ .card-link title="App Store" }
Additional filter lists do slow things down and may increase your attack surface, so only apply what you need.
@ -353,15 +368,20 @@ There is also [AdGuard for iOS](https://adguard.com/en/adguard-ios/overview.html
![Snowflake logo](assets/img/browsers/snowflake.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Snowflake logo](assets/img/browsers/snowflake-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**Snowflake** allows you to donate bandwidth to the Tor Project by operating a "Snowflake proxy" within your browser. People who are censored can use Snowflake proxies to connect to the Tor network. Snowflake is a great way to contribute to the network even if you don't have the technical know-how to run a Tor relay or bridge.
**Snowflake** allows you to donate bandwidth to the Tor Project by operating a "Snowflake proxy" within your browser.
[Website](https://snowflake.torproject.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
People who are censored can use Snowflake proxies to connect to the Tor network. Snowflake is a great way to contribute to the network even if you don't have the technical know-how to run a Tor relay or bridge.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://snowflake.torproject.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://gitlab.torproject.org/tpo/anti-censorship/pluggable-transports/snowflake/-/wikis/Technical%20Overview){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitweb.torproject.org/pluggable-transports/snowflake.git/){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://donate.torproject.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:octicons-browser-16: Browser](https://snowflake.torproject.org/embed) (Leave page open to continue being a Snowflake proxy)
- [:fontawesome-brands-firefox: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/torproject-snowflake/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-chrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/snowflake/mafpmfcccpbjnhfhjnllmmalhifmlcie)
[:fontawesome-brands-firefox:](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/torproject-snowflake/){ .card-link title=Firefox }
[:fontawesome-brands-chrome:](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/snowflake/mafpmfcccpbjnhfhjnllmmalhifmlcie){ .card-link title=Chrome }
[:octicons-browser-16:](https://snowflake.torproject.org/embed){ .card-link title="Web (leave this page open to be a Snowflake proxy)" }
Snowflake does not increase your privacy in any way, nor is it used to connect to the Tor network within your personal browser. However, if your internet connection is uncensored, you should consider running it to help people in censored networks achieve better privacy themselves. There is no need to worry about which websites people are accessing through your proxy—their visible browsing IP address will match their Tor exit node, not yours.
@ -379,7 +399,10 @@ You can enable Snowflake in your browser by clicking the switch below and ==leav
**Terms of Service; Didn't Read** grades websites based on their terms of service agreements and privacy policies. It also gives short summaries of those agreements. The analyses and ratings are published transparently by a community of reviewers.
[Website](https://tosdr.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://docs.tosdr.org/sp/tosdr.org-Privacy-Policy.89456373.html){ .md-button }
[:octicons-globe-16: Website](https://tosdr.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://docs.tosdr.org/sp/tosdr.org-Privacy-Policy.89456373.html){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.tosdr.org/index.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tosdr.org/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
We do not recommend installing ToS;DR as a browser extension; the same information is also provided on their website.

View File

@ -17,19 +17,22 @@ These products are included with an subscription with their respective [email pr
**Tutanota** offers a free and encrypted calendar across their supported platforms. Features include: automatic E2EE of all data, sharing features, import/export functionality, and [more](https://tutanota.com/calendar-app-comparison/). Multiple calendars and extended sharing functionality is limited to paid subscribers.
[Website](https://tutanota.com/calendar){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://tutanota.com/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tutanota.com/calendar){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://tutanota.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://tutanota.com/faq){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/tutao/tutanota){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tutanota.com/community/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-solid-earth-americas: Web](https://mail.tutanota.com/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/desktop-clients/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/desktop-clients/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/desktop-clients/)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.tutanota.Tutanota)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.tutao.tutanota)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/de.tutao.tutanota)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/tutanota/id922429609)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/tutao/tutanota)
[:octicons-browser-16:](https://mail.tutanota.com/){ .card-link title=Web }
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/desktop-clients/){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/desktop-clients/){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/desktop-clients/){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.tutanota.Tutanota){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=de.tutao.tutanota){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/de.tutao.tutanota){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/tutanota/id922429609){ .card-link title="App Store" }
### Proton Calendar
@ -37,15 +40,17 @@ These products are included with an subscription with their respective [email pr
![Proton Calendar logo](assets/img/calendar-contacts/proton-calendar.svg){ align=right }
**Proton Calendar** is an encrypted calendar serivce available to ProtonMail members. Features include: automatic E2EE of all data, sharing features, import/export functionality, and [more](https://protonmail.com/support/knowledge-base/proton-calendar-guide/). Those on the free tier get access to a single calendar, whereas paid subscribers can create up to 20 calendars. Extended sharing functionality is also limited to paid subscribers. Proton Calendar is currently only available for the web and Android.
**Proton Calendar** is an encrypted calendar serivce available to Proton Mail members. Features include: automatic E2EE of all data, sharing features, import/export functionality, and [more](https://proton.me/support/proton-calendar-guide). Those on the free tier get access to a single calendar, whereas paid subscribers can create up to 20 calendars. Extended sharing functionality is also limited to paid subscribers. Proton Calendar is currently only available for the web and Android.
[Website](https://calendar.protonmail.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://protonmail.com/privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://proton.me/calendar){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://proton.me/legal/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://proton.me/support/proton-calendar-guide){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ProtonMail/WebClients){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-solid-earth-americas: Web](https://calendar.protonmail.com)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=me.proton.android.calendar)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/ProtonMail/WebClients)
[:octicons-browser-16:](https://calendar.proton.me){ .card-link title=Web }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=me.proton.android.calendar){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
## Self-hostable
@ -61,15 +66,18 @@ Some of these options are self-hostable, but could be offered by third party Saa
EteSync also offers optional software as a service for [$24 per year](https://dashboard.etebase.com/user/partner/pricing/) to use, or you can host the server yourself for free.
[Website](https://www.etesync.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.etesync.com/tos/#privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.etesync.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.etesync.com/tos/#privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.etesync.com/user-guide/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/etesync){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.etesync.com/contribute/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-solid-earth-americas: Client Instructions](https://github.com/etesync/etesync-dav/blob/master/README.md#specific-client-notes-and-instructions)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.etesync.syncadapter)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/app/com.etesync.syncadapter)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/apple-store/id1489574285)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/etesync)
[:octicons-device-desktop-16:](https://github.com/etesync/etesync-dav/blob/master/README.md#specific-client-notes-and-instructions){ .card-link title="Client Setup" }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.etesync.syncadapter){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/app/com.etesync.syncadapter){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/apple-store/id1489574285){ .card-link title="App Store" }
### Nextcloud
@ -79,20 +87,23 @@ Some of these options are self-hostable, but could be offered by third party Saa
**Nextcloud** is a suite of client-server software for creating and using file hosting services. This includes calendar sync via CalDAV and contacts sync via CardDAV. Nextcloud is free and open-source, thereby allowing anyone to install and operate it without charge on a private server.
You can self host Nextcloud or pay for service from a [provider](https://nextcloud.com/signup/).
You can self-host Nextcloud or pay for service from a [provider](https://nextcloud.com/signup/).
[Homepage](https://nextcloud.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nextcloud.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nextcloud.com/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://nextcloud.com/support/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/nextcloud){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nextcloud.com/contribute/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.nextcloud.desktopclient.nextcloud)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nextcloud.client)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.nextcloud.client)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/nextcloud/id1125420102)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/nextcloud)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.nextcloud.desktopclient.nextcloud){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nextcloud.client){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.nextcloud.client){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/nextcloud/id1125420102){ .card-link title="App Store" }
### DecSync CC
@ -104,11 +115,14 @@ Some of these options are self-hostable, but could be offered by third party Saa
There are [plugins](https://github.com/39aldo39/DecSync#rss) to sync other types of data such as [RSS](news-aggregators.md).
[Project Info](https://github.com/39aldo39/DecSync#readme){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/39aldo39/DecSync){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/39aldo39/DecSync/blob/master/design.md){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/39aldo39/DecSync){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/39aldo39/DecSync#donations){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.decsync.cc)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/org.decsync.cc)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.decsync.cc){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/org.decsync.cc){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -14,24 +14,27 @@ If these alternatives do not fit your needs, we suggest you look into [Encryptio
**Nextcloud** is a suite of free and open-source client-server software for creating your own file hosting services on a private server you control. It also comes with experimental E2EE.
[Homepage](https://nextcloud.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://nextcloud.com/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nextcloud.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nextcloud.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://nextcloud.com/support/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/nextcloud){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nextcloud.com/contribute/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
- [:fontawesome-brands-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/www/nextcloud)
- [:pg-openbsd: OpenBSD](https://openports.se/www/nextcloud)
- [:pg-netbsd: NetBSD](https://pkgsrc.se/www/php-nextcloud)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nextcloud.client)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.nextcloud.client)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1125420102)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/nextcloud)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-freebsd:](https://www.freshports.org/www/nextcloud){ .card-link title=FreeBSD }
[:pg-openbsd:](https://openports.se/www/nextcloud){ .card-link title=OpenBSD }
[:pg-netbsd:](https://pkgsrc.se/www/php-nextcloud){ .card-link title=NetBSD }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nextcloud.client){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.nextcloud.client){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1125420102){ .card-link title=App Store }
We recommend checking if your Nextcloud provider supports E2EE, otherwise you have to trust the provider to not look at your files.
When self hosting Nextcloud, you should also enable E2EE to protect against your hosting provider snooping on your data.
When self-hosting Nextcloud, you should also enable E2EE to protect against your hosting provider snooping on your data.
## Proton Drive
@ -39,13 +42,12 @@ When self hosting Nextcloud, you should also enable E2EE to protect against your
![Proton Drive logo](assets/img/cloud/protondrive.svg){ align=right }
**Proton Drive** is an E2EE general file storage service by the popular encrypted email provider [ProtonMail](https://protonmail.com).
**Proton Drive** is an E2EE general file storage service by the popular encrypted email provider [Proton Mail](https://proton.me/mail).
[Website](https://drive.protonmail.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://protonmail.com/privacy-policy){ .md-button }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/ProtonMail/WebClients)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://proton.me/drive){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://proton.me/legal/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://proton.me/support/drive){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ProtonMail/WebClients){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
Proton Drive is currently in beta and only is only available through a web client.
@ -58,13 +60,12 @@ When using a web client, you are placing trust in the server to send you proper
![Cryptee logo](./assets/img/cloud/cryptee.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Cryptee logo](./assets/img/cloud/cryptee-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**Cryptee** is an encrypted, secure photo storage service, and an encrypted documents editor.
**Cryptee** is a web-based, encrypted, secure photo storage service and documents editor.
[Website](https://crypt.ee){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://crypt.ee/privacy){ .md-button }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/cryptee/web-client)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://crypt.ee){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://crypt.ee/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://crypt.ee/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/cryptee){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
## Tahoe-LAFS
@ -80,14 +81,16 @@ When using a web client, you are placing trust in the server to send you proper
**Tahoe-LAFS** is a free, open, and decentralized cloud storage system. It distributes your data across multiple servers. Even if some of the servers fail or are taken over by an attacker, the entire file store continues to function correctly, preserving your privacy and security. The servers used as storage pools do not have access to your data.
[Homepage](https://www.tahoe-lafs.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.tahoe-lafs.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://tahoe-lafs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://www.tahoe-lafs.org/trac/tahoe-lafs/browser){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tahoe-lafs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/donations.html){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/tahoe-lafs/tahoe-lafs#via-pip)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://github.com/tahoe-lafs/tahoe-lafs#via-pip)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://github.com/tahoe-lafs/tahoe-lafs#using-os-packages)
- [:pg-netbsd: NetBSD](https://pkgsrc.se/filesystems/tahoe-lafs)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://www.tahoe-lafs.org/trac/tahoe-lafs/browser)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://tahoe-lafs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Installation/install-tahoe.html#microsoft-windows){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://tahoe-lafs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Installation/install-tahoe.html#linux-bsd-or-macos){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://tahoe-lafs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Installation/install-tahoe.html#linux-bsd-or-macos){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-netbsd:](https://tahoe-lafs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Installation/install-tahoe.html#linux-bsd-or-macos){ .card-link title=NetBSD }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -83,13 +83,15 @@ Encrypted DNS proxy software provides a local proxy for the [unencrypted DNS](ba
**RethinkDNS** is an open-source Android client supporting [DNS-over-HTTPS](basics/dns.md#dns-over-https-doh), [DNS-over-TLS](basics/dns.md#dns-over-tls-dot), [DNSCrypt](basics/dns.md#dnscrypt) and DNS Proxy along with caching DNS responses, locally logging DNS queries and can be used as a firewall too.
[Website](https://rethinkdns.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://rethinkdns.com/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://rethinkdns.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://rethinkdns.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.rethinkdns.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/celzero/rethink-app){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.celzero.bravedns)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.celzero.bravedns)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/celzero/rethink-app)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.celzero.bravedns){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.celzero.bravedns){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
### DNSCloak
@ -99,12 +101,13 @@ Encrypted DNS proxy software provides a local proxy for the [unencrypted DNS](ba
**DNSCloak** is an open-source iOS client supporting [DNS-over-HTTPS](basics/dns.md#dns-over-https-doh), [DNSCrypt](basics/dns.md#dnscrypt), and [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki) options such as caching DNS responses, locally logging DNS queries, and custom block lists. You can [add custom resolvers by DNS stamp](https://medium.com/privacyguides/adding-custom-dns-over-https-resolvers-to-dnscloak-20ff5845f4b5).
[Project Info](https://github.com/s-s/dnscloak/blob/master/README.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1050No_pU74CAWUS5-BwQWyO2x_aiMzWc/view){ .md-button }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/s-s/dnscloak){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1050No_pU74CAWUS5-BwQWyO2x_aiMzWc/view){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/s-s/dnscloak){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1452162351)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/s-s/dnscloak)
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1452162351){ .card-link title="App Store" }
### dnscrypt-proxy
@ -116,13 +119,50 @@ Encrypted DNS proxy software provides a local proxy for the [unencrypted DNS](ba
!!! warning "The anonymized DNS feature does [**not**](basics/dns.md#why-shouldnt-i-use-encrypted-dns) anonymize other network traffic."
[Wiki](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.libreoffice.org/about-us/privacy/privacy-policy-en/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://opencollective.com/dnscrypt/contribute){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Installation-Windows)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Installation-macOS)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Installation-linux)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Installation-Windows){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Installation-macOS){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy/wiki/Installation-linux){ .card-link title=Linux }
## Self-hosted Solutions
A self-hosted DNS solution is useful for providing filtering on controlled platforms, such as Smart TVs and other IOT devices, as no client-side software is needed.
### AdGuard Home
!!! recommendation
![AdGuard Home logo](assets/img/dns/adguard-home.svg){ align=right }
**AdGuard Home** is an open source [DNS-sinkhole](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_sinkhole) which uses [DNS filtering](https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/access-management/what-is-dns-filtering/) to block unwanted web content, such as advertisements.
AdGuard Home features a polished web interface to view insights and manage blocked content.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://adguard.com/adguard-home/overview.html){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://adguard.com/privacy/home.html){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/wiki){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
### Pi-hole
!!! recommendation
![Pi-hole logo](assets/img/dns/pi-hole.svg){ align=right }
**Pi-hole** is an open-source [DNS-sinkhole](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_sinkhole) which uses [DNS filtering](https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/access-management/what-is-dns-filtering/) to block unwanted web content, such as advertisements.
Pi-hole is designed to be hosted on a Raspberry Pi, but it is not limited to such hardware. The software features a friendly web interface to view insights and manage blocked content.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://pi-hole.net/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://pi-hole.net/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.pi-hole.net/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/pi-hole/pi-hole){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://pi-hole.net/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
??? Attention "Email does not provide forward secrecy"
When using end-to-end encryption (E2EE) technology like OpenPGP, email will still have [some metadata](email.md#email-metadata-overview) that is not encrypted in the header of the email.
OpenPGP also does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_secrecy), which means if either your or the recipient's private key is ever stolen, all previous messages encrypted with it will be exposed: [How do I protect my private keys?](email.md#email-encryption-overview). Consider using a medium that provides forward secrecy:
OpenPGP also does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_secrecy), which means if either your or the recipient's private key is ever stolen, all previous messages encrypted with it will be exposed: [How do I protect my private keys?](basics/email-security.md). Consider using a medium that provides forward secrecy:
[Real-time Communication](real-time-communication.md){ .md-button }
@ -19,15 +19,17 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
**Thunderbird** is a free, open source, cross-platform email, newsgroup, news feed, and chat (XMPP, IRC, Twitter) client developed by the Thunderbird community, and previously by the Mozilla Foundation.
[Homepage](https://www.thunderbird.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.mozilla.org/privacy/thunderbird){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.thunderbird.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.mozilla.org/privacy/thunderbird){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.mozilla.org/products/thunderbird){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://hg.mozilla.org/comm-central){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://www.thunderbird.net)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://www.thunderbird.net)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://www.thunderbird.net)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.mozilla.Thunderbird)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://hg.mozilla.org/comm-central)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://www.thunderbird.net){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://www.thunderbird.net){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://www.thunderbird.net){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.mozilla.Thunderbird){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
## Apple Mail
@ -41,7 +43,9 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
**Apple Mail** is included in macOS and can be extended to have OpenPGP support with [GPG Suite](/encryption/#gpg-suite), which adds the ability to send encrypted email.
[Website](https://support.apple.com/guide/mail/welcome/mac){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/en-ww/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://support.apple.com/guide/mail/welcome/mac){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/en-ww/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.apple.com/guide/mail/toc){ .card-link title=Documentation}
## GNOME Evolution
@ -51,12 +55,15 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
**Evolution** is a personal information management application that provides integrated mail, calendaring and address book functionality. Evolution has extensive [documentation](https://help.gnome.org/users/evolution/stable/) to help you get started.
[Website](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Evolution){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Evolution/PrivacyPolicy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Evolution){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Evolution/PrivacyPolicy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.gnome.org/users/evolution/stable/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/evolution/){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.gnome.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.gnome.Evolution)
- [:fontawesome-brands-gitlab: Source](https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/evolution)
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.gnome.Evolution){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
## Kontact
@ -66,13 +73,16 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
**Kontact** is a personal information manager (PIM) application from the [KDE](https://kde.org) project. It provides a mail client, address book, organizer and RSS client.
[Website](https://kontact.kde.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://kde.org/privacypolicy-apps){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://kontact.kde.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://kde.org/privacypolicy-apps){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://kontact.kde.org/users/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://invent.kde.org/pim/kmail){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://kde.org/community/donations/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://kontact.kde.org/download)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.kde.kontact)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://invent.kde.org/pim/kmail)
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://kontact.kde.org/download){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.kde.kontact){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
## Mailvelope
@ -82,14 +92,16 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
**Mailvelope** is a browser extension that enables the exchange of encrypted emails following the OpenPGP encryption standard.
[Homepage](https://www.mailvelope.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.mailvelope.com/en/privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.mailvelope.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.mailvelope.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://mailvelope.com/faq){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/mailvelope/mailvelope){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-firefox: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/mailvelope)
- [:fontawesome-brands-chrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/mailvelope/kajibbejlbohfaggdiogboambcijhkke)
- [:fontawesome-brands-edge: Edge](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/mailvelope/dgcbddhdhjppfdfjpciagmmibadmoapc)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/mailvelope/mailvelope)
[:fontawesome-brands-firefox:](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/mailvelope){ .card-link title=Firefox }
[:fontawesome-brands-chrome:](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/mailvelope/kajibbejlbohfaggdiogboambcijhkke){ .card-link title=Chrome }
[:fontawesome-brands-edge:](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/mailvelope/dgcbddhdhjppfdfjpciagmmibadmoapc){ .card-link title=Edge }
## K-9 Mail
@ -99,13 +111,36 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
**K-9 Mail** is an independent mail application that supports both POP3 and IMAP mailboxes, but only supports push mail for IMAP.
[Homepage](https://k9mail.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://k9mail.app/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://k9mail.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://k9mail.app/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.k9mail.app/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/k9mail/k-9){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://k9mail.app/contribute){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fsck.k9)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.fsck.k9)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/k9mail)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.fsck.k9){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.fsck.k9){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:fontawesome-brands-github:](https://github.com/k9mail/k-9/releases){ .card-link title=GitHub }
## FairEmail
!!! recommendation
![FairEmail logo](assets/img/email-clients/fairemail.svg){ align=right }
**FairEmail** is a minimal, open source email app, using open standards (IMAP, SMTP, OpenPGP) with a low data and battery usage.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://email.faircode.eu){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://github.com/M66B/FairEmail/blob/master/PRIVACY.md){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/M66B/FairEmail/blob/master/FAQ.md){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/M66B/FairEmail){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://email.faircode.eu/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=eu.faircode.email){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/eu.faircode.email/){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
## Canary Mail
@ -115,20 +150,22 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
**Canary Mail** is a paid email client designed to make end-to-end encryption seamless with security features such as a biometric app lock.
[Homepage](https://canarymail.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://canarymail.io/privacy.html){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://canarymail.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://canarymail.io/privacy.html){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://canarymail.zendesk.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://download.canarymail.io/get_windows)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store: Mac App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1236045954)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1236045954)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.canarymail.android)
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1236045954){ .card-link title="Mac App Store" }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1236045954){ .card-link title="App Store" }
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://canarymail.io/downloads.html){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.canarymail.android){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
!!! attention
Canary Mail only recently released a Windows and Android client, we don't believe they are as stable as their iOS and Mac counterparts.
Canary Mail only recently released a Windows and Android client, though we don't believe they are as stable as their iOS and Mac counterparts.
Canary Mail is closed source. We recommend it, due to the few choices there are for email clients on iOS that support PGP E2EE.
Canary Mail is closed source. We recommend it due to the few choices there are for email clients on iOS that support PGP E2EE.
## NeoMutt
@ -140,12 +177,14 @@ Canary Mail is closed source. We recommend it, due to the few choices there are
NeoMutt is a text-based client that has a steep learning curve. It is however, very customizable.
[Homepage](https://neomutt.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://neomutt.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://neomutt.org/guide/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/neomutt/neomutt){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/russon/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://neomutt.org/distro)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://neomutt.org/distro)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/neomutt/neomutt)
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://neomutt.org/distro){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://neomutt.org/distro){ .card-link title=macOS }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

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@ -16,47 +16,53 @@ For everything else, we recommend a variety of email providers based on sustaina
## Recommended Email Providers
### ProtonMail
### Proton Mail
!!! recommendation
![ProtonMail logo](assets/img/email/protonmail.svg){ align=right }
![Proton Mail logo](assets/img/email/protonmail.svg){ align=right }
**ProtonMail** is an email service with a focus on privacy, encryption, security, and ease of use. They have been in operation since **2013**. ProtonMail is based in Genève, Switzerland. Accounts start with 500 MB storage with their free plan.
**Proton Mail** is an email service with a focus on privacy, encryption, security, and ease of use. They have been in operation since **2013**. Proton AG is based in Genève, Switzerland. Accounts start with 500 MB storage with their free plan.
Free accounts have some limitations, such as not being able to search body text and not having access to [ProtonMail Bridge](https://protonmail.com/bridge), which is required to use a [recommended desktop email client](email-clients.md) (e.g. Thunderbird). Paid accounts are available starting at **€48/y** which include features like ProtonMail Bridge, additional storage, and custom domain support.
Free accounts have some limitations, such as not being able to search body text and not having access to [Proton Mail Bridge](https://proton.me/mail/bridge), which is required to use a [recommended desktop email client](email-clients.md) (e.g. Thunderbird). Paid accounts are available starting at **€48/y** which include features like Proton Mail Bridge, additional storage, and custom domain support.
With the [transition to Proton.me](https://proton.me/news/updated-proton), paid plans have changed. Existing users before the 25 May 2022 will get to keep their [existing plan](https://proton.me/support/upgrading-to-new-proton-plan) pricing.
**Free**
[Website](https://protonmail.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://protonmail.com/privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://proton.me/mail){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](https://protonmailrmez3lotccipshtkleegetolb73fuirgj7r4o4vfu7ozyd.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://proton.me/legal/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://proton.me/support/mail){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ProtonMail){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? check "Custom Domains and Aliases"
Paid ProtonMail subscribers can use their own domain with the service. [Catch-all](https://protonmail.com/support/knowledge-base/catch-all/) addresses are supported with custom domains for Professional and Visionary plans. ProtonMail also supports [subaddressing](https://protonmail.com/support/knowledge-base/creating-aliases/), which is useful for people who don't want to purchase a domain.
Paid Proton Mail subscribers can use their own domain with the service or a [catch-all](https://proton.me/support/catch-all) address. Proton Mail also supports [subaddressing](https://proton.me/support/creating-aliases), which is useful for people who don't want to purchase a domain.
??? check "Private Payment Methods"
ProtonMail accepts Bitcoin in addition to accepting credit/debit cards and PayPal.
Proton Mail accepts Bitcoin in addition to accepting credit/debit cards and PayPal.
??? check "Account Security"
ProtonMail supports TOTP [two factor authentication](https://protonmail.com/support/knowledge-base/two-factor-authentication/) only. The use of a U2F security key is not yet supported. ProtonMail is planning to implement U2F upon completion of their [Single Sign On (SSO)](https://reddit.com/comments/cheoy6/comment/feh2lw0/) code.
Proton Mail supports TOTP [two factor authentication](https://proton.me/support/two-factor-authentication-2fa) only. The use of a U2F security key is not yet supported. Proton Mail is planning to implement U2F upon completion of their [Single Sign On (SSO)](https://reddit.com/comments/cheoy6/comment/feh2lw0/) code.
??? check "Data Security"
ProtonMail has [zero access encryption](https://protonmail.com/blog/zero-access-encryption) at rest for your emails, [address book contacts](https://protonmail.com/blog/encrypted-contacts-manager), and [calendars](https://protonmail.com/blog/protoncalendar-security-model). This means the messages and other data stored in your account are only readable by you.
Proton Mail has [zero-access encryption](https://proton.me/blog/zero-access-encryption) at rest for your emails and [calendars](https://proton.me/news/protoncalendar-security-model). Data secured with zero-access encryption is only accessible by you.
Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton-contacts), such as display names and email addresses, are not secured with zero-access encryption. Contact fields that support zero-access encryption, such as phone numbers, are indicated with a padlock icon.
??? check "Email Encryption"
ProtonMail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://protonmail.com/support/knowledge-base/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other ProtonMail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-ProtonMail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-ProtonMail addresses](https://protonmail.com/support/knowledge-base/encrypt-for-outside-users) without the need for them to sign up for a ProtonMail account or use software like OpenPGP.
Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails) without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account or use software like OpenPGP.
ProtonMail also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people who don't use ProtonMail to find the OpenPGP keys of ProtonMail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE.
Proton Mail also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE.
??? info "Additional Functionality"
ProtonMail's login and services are accessible over Tor, [protonmailrmez3lotccipshtkleegetolb73fuirgj7r4o4vfu7ozyd.onion](https://protonmailrmez3lotccipshtkleegetolb73fuirgj7r4o4vfu7ozyd.onion/)
ProtonMail offers a "Visionary" account for €24/Month, which also enables access to ProtonVPN in addition to providing multiple accounts, domains, aliases, and extra storage.
Proton Mail offers an "Unlimited" account for €9.99/Month, which also enables access to Proton VPN in addition to providing multiple accounts, domains, aliases, and 500GB of storage.
### Mailbox.org
@ -68,7 +74,9 @@ For everything else, we recommend a variety of email providers based on sustaina
**EUR €12/year**
[Website](https://mailbox.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://mailbox.org/en/data-protection-privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://mailbox.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://mailbox.org/en/data-protection-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private){ .card-link title=Documentation}
??? check "Custom Domains and Aliases"
@ -111,7 +119,11 @@ For everything else, we recommend a variety of email providers based on sustaina
**Free**
[Website](https://tutanota.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://tutanota.com/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tutanota.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://tutanota.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://tutanota.com/faq){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/tutao/tutanota){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tutanota.com/community/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
Tutanota [doesn't allow](https://tutanota.com/faq/#imap) the use of third-party [email clients](email-clients.md). Tutanota has no plans pull email from [external email accounts](https://github.com/tutao/tutanota/issues/544#issuecomment-670473647) using the IMAP protocol. [Email import](https://github.com/tutao/tutanota/issues/630) is currently not possible.
@ -158,7 +170,9 @@ Tutanota is working on a [desktop client](https://tutanota.com/blog/posts/deskto
**USD $59.95/year**
[Website](https://startmail.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.startmail.com/en/privacy/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startmail.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startmail.com/en/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startmail.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
??? check "Custom Domains and Aliases"
@ -213,21 +227,23 @@ Using an aliasing service requires trusting both your email provider and your al
![Simplelogin logo](assets/img/email/simplelogin.svg){ align=right }
**[SimpleLogin](https://simplelogin.io)** (now owned by ProtonMail) is a free service which provides email aliases on a variety of shared domain names, and optionally provides features like unlimited aliases and custom domains for $30/year. [Source code on GitHub](https://github.com/simple-login/app).
**[SimpleLogin](https://simplelogin.io)** is a free service which provides email aliases on a variety of shared domain names, and optionally provides features like unlimited aliases and custom domains for $30/year. [Source code on GitHub](https://github.com/simple-login/app).
[Website](https://simplelogin.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://simplelogin.io/privacy/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://simplelogin.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://simplelogin.io/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://simplelogin.io/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/simple-login){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-firefox: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/simplelogin/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-chrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/dphilobhebphkdjbpfohgikllaljmgbn)
- [:fontawesome-brands-edge: Edge](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/simpleloginreceive-sen/diacfpipniklenphgljfkmhinphjlfff)
- [:fontawesome-brands-safari: Safari](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1494051017)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1494359858)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.simplelogin.android)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/io.simplelogin.android.fdroid/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/simple-login)
[:fontawesome-brands-firefox:](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/simplelogin/){ .card-link title=Firefox }
[:fontawesome-brands-chrome:](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/dphilobhebphkdjbpfohgikllaljmgbn){ .card-link title=Chrome }
[:fontawesome-brands-edge:](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/simpleloginreceive-sen/diacfpipniklenphgljfkmhinphjlfff){ .card-link title=Edge }
[:fontawesome-brands-safari:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1494051017){ .card-link title=Safari }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1494359858){ .card-link title="App Store" }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=io.simplelogin.android){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/io.simplelogin.android.fdroid/){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
SimpleLogin [is owned by ProtonMail](https://protonmail.com/blog/proton-and-simplelogin-join-forces/) as of April 8, 2022. If you use ProtonMail for your primary mailbox, this makes SimpleLogin a great choice: You now only have to trust a single email provider and SimpleLogin will be more tightly integrated with ProtonMail's offerings in the future. Nonetheless, SimpleLogin continues to support forwarding to any email provider of your chosing.
SimpleLogin was [acquired by Proton AG](https://proton.me/news/proton-and-simplelogin-join-forces) as of April 8, 2022. If you use Proton Mail for your primary mailbox, SimpleLogin a great choice. As both products are now owned by the same company you now only have to trust a single entity. We also expect that SimpleLogin will be more tightly integrated with Proton's offerings in the future. SimpleLogin continues to support forwarding to any email provider of your choosing.
Notable free features:
@ -244,14 +260,16 @@ Notable free features:
**[AnonAddy](https://anonaddy.com)** lets you create 20 domain aliases on a shared domain for free, or unlimited "standard" aliases which are less anonymous. It has two premium plans at $12/year and $36/year which provide additional features. [Source code on GitHub](https://github.com/anonaddy/anonaddy).
[Website](https://anonaddy.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://anonaddy.com/privacy/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://anonaddy.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://anonaddy.com/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/anonaddy){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://anonaddy.com/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-firefox: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/anonaddy/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-chrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/anonaddy-anonymous-email/iadbdpnoknmbdeolbapdackdcogdmjpe)
- [:material-apple-ios: iOS](https://anonaddy.com/faq/#is-there-an-ios-app)
- [:fontawesome-brands-android: Android](https://anonaddy.com/faq/#is-there-an-android-app)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/anonaddy)
[:fontawesome-brands-firefox:](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-GB/firefox/addon/anonaddy/){ .card-link title=Firefox }
[:fontawesome-brands-chrome:](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/anonaddy-anonymous-email/iadbdpnoknmbdeolbapdackdcogdmjpe){ .card-link title=Chrome }
[:material-apple-ios:](https://anonaddy.com/faq/#is-there-an-ios-app){ .card-link title=iOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-android:](https://anonaddy.com/faq/#is-there-an-android-app){ .card-link title=Android }
The number of shared aliases (which end in a shared domain like @anonaddy.me) that you can create is limited to 20 on AnonAddy's free plan and 50 on their $12/month plan. You can create unlimited standard aliases (which end in a domain like @[username].anonaddy.com or a custom domain on paid plans), however, as previously mentioned, this can be detrimental to privacy because people can trivially tie your standard aliases together based on the domain name alone. Unlimited shared aliases are available for $36/year.
@ -275,13 +293,22 @@ Advanced system administrators may consider setting up their own email server. M
![Mail-in-a-Box logo](assets/img/email/mail-in-a-box.svg){ align=right }
**[Mail-in-a-Box](https://mailinabox.email)** is an automated setup script for deploying a mail server on Ubuntu. Its goal is to make it easier for people to set up their own mail server.
**Mail-in-a-Box** is an automated setup script for deploying a mail server on Ubuntu. Its goal is to make it easier for people to set up their own mail server.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://mailinabox.email){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://mailinabox.email/guide.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/mail-in-a-box/mailinabox){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
!!! recommendation
![Mailcow logo](assets/img/email/mailcow.svg){ align=right }
**[Mailcow](https://mailcow.email)** is a more advanced mail server perfect for those with a bit more Linux experience. It has everything you need in a Docker container: A mailserver with DKIM support, antivirus and spam monitoring, webmail and ActiveSync with SOGo, and web-based administration with 2FA support. **[Mailcow Dockerized docs](https://mailcow.github.io/mailcow-dockerized-docs/)**
**Mailcow** is a more advanced mail server perfect for those with a bit more Linux experience. It has everything you need in a Docker container: A mailserver with DKIM support, antivirus and spam monitoring, webmail and ActiveSync with SOGo, and web-based administration with 2FA support.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://mailcow.email){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://mailcow.github.io/mailcow-dockerized-docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/mailcow/mailcow-dockerized){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.servercow.de/mailcow?lang=en#sal){ .card-link title=Contribute }
For a more manual approach we've picked out these two articles.
@ -292,19 +319,6 @@ For a more manual approach we've picked out these two articles.
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the providers we recommend.** This allows us to provide completely objective recommendations. We have developed a clear set of requirements for any Email provider wishing to be recommended, including implementing industry best practices, modern technology and more. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing an Email provider, and conduct your own research to ensure the Email provider you choose is the right choice for you.
### Jurisdiction
Operating outside the five/nine/fourteen-eyes countries is not necessarily a guarantee of privacy, and there are other factors to consider.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Operating outside the USA or other Five Eyes countries.
**Best Case:**
- Operating outside the USA or other Fourteen Eyes countries.
- Operating inside a country with strong consumer protection laws.
### Technology
We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal service. You should consider whether the provider which has the features you require.
@ -335,6 +349,7 @@ We prefer our recommended providers to collect as little data as possible.
- Protect sender's IP address. Filter it from showing in the `Received` header field.
- Don't require personally identifiable information (PII) besides username and password.
- Privacy policy that meets the requirements defined by the GDPR
- Must not be hosted in the US due to [ECPA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_Communications_Privacy_Act#Criticism) which has [yet to be reformed](https://epic.org/ecpa/).
**Best Case:**
@ -390,7 +405,7 @@ With the email providers we recommend we like to see responsible marketing.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Must self host analytics (no Google Analytics etc). The provider's site must also comply with [DNT (Do Not Track)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Not_Track) for those who wish to opt-out.
- Must self-host analytics (no Google Analytics etc). The provider's site must also comply with [DNT (Do Not Track)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Not_Track) for those who wish to opt-out.
Must not have any marketing which is irresponsible:
@ -408,59 +423,5 @@ Must not have any marketing which is irresponsible:
While not strictly requirements, there are some other convenience or privacy factors we looked into when determining which providers to recommend.
## Email Encryption Overview
### What is end-to-end encryption (E2EE) in email?
E2EE is a way of encrypting email contents so that nobody but the recipient(s) can read the email message.
### How can I encrypt my email?
The standard way to do email E2EE and have it work between different email providers is with OpenPGP. There are different implementations of the OpenPGP standard, the most common being [GnuPG](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Privacy_Guard) and [OpenPGP.js](https://openpgpjs.org).
There is another standard that was popular with business called [S/MIME](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S/MIME), however it requires a certificate issued from a [Certificate Authority](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_authority) (not all of them issue S/MIME certificates). It has support in [Google Workplace](https://support.google.com/a/topic/9061730?hl=en&ref_topic=9061731) and [Outlook for Web or Exchange Server 2016, 2019](https://support.office.com/en-us/article/encrypt-messages-by-using-s-mime-in-outlook-on-the-web-878c79fc-7088-4b39-966f-14512658f480).
### What software can I use to get E2EE?
Email providers which allow you to use standard access protocols like IMAP and SMTP can be used with any of the [email clients we recommend](email-clients.md). This can be less secure as you are now relying on email providers to ensure that their encryption implementation works and has not been compromised in anyway.
### How do I protect my private keys?
A smartcard (such as a [Yubikey](https://support.yubico.com/hc/en-us/articles/360013790259-Using-Your-YubiKey-with-OpenPGP) or [Nitrokey](https://www.nitrokey.com)) works by receiving an encrypted email message from a device (phone, tablet, computer etc) running an email/webmail client. The message is then decrypted by the smartcard and the decrypted content is sent back to the device.
It is advantageous for the decryption to occur on the smartcard so as to avoid possibly exposing your private key to a compromised device.
## Email Metadata Overview
### Who can see the email metadata?
Email metadata is able to be seen by your email client software (or webmail) and any servers relaying the message from you to any recipients. Sometimes email servers will also use external parties to protect against spam.
### What is email metadata?
Email software will often show some visible headers that you may have seen such as: `To`, `From`, `Cc`, `Date`, `Subject`.
### When is email metadata used?
Client software may use it to show who a message is from and what time it was received. Servers may use it to determine where an email message must be sent, among [other purposes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email#Message_header) which are not always transparent.
### Where is the email metadata?
Email metadata is stored in the [message header](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email#Message_header) of the email message.
### Why can't email metadata be E2EE?
Email metadata is crucial to the most basic functionality of email (where it came from, and where it has to go). E2EE was not built into the email protocols originally and is also optional, therefore, only the message content is protected.
### How is my metadata protected?
When emails travel between email providers an encrypted connection is negotiated using [Opportunistic TLS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opportunistic_TLS). This protects the metadata from outside observers, but as it is not E2EE, server administrators can snoop on the metadata of an email.
## Additional Reading
- [An NFC PGP SmartCard For Android](https://www.grepular.com/An_NFC_PGP_SmartCard_For_Android)
- [Aging 'Privacy' Law Leaves Cloud E-Mail Open to Cops (2011)](https://www.wired.com/2011/10/ecpa-turns-twenty-five/)
- [The Government Can (Still) Read Most Of Your Emails Without A Warrant (2013)](https://thinkprogress.org/the-government-can-still-read-most-of-your-emails-without-a-warrant-322fe6defc7b/)
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -17,14 +17,16 @@ The options listed here are multi-platform and great for creating encrypted back
**VeraCrypt** is a source-available freeware utility used for on-the-fly encryption. It can create a virtual encrypted disk within a file, encrypt a partition, or encrypt the entire storage device with pre-boot authentication.
[Homepage](https://veracrypt.fr){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://veracrypt.fr){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://veracrypt.fr/en/Documentation.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://veracrypt.fr/code/){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://veracrypt.fr/en/Donation.html){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://www.veracrypt.fr/en/Downloads.html)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://www.veracrypt.fr/en/Downloads.html)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://www.veracrypt.fr/en/Downloads.html)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://www.veracrypt.fr/code)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://www.veracrypt.fr/en/Downloads.html){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://www.veracrypt.fr/en/Downloads.html){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://www.veracrypt.fr/en/Downloads.html){ .card-link title=Linux }
VeraCrypt is a fork of the discontinued TrueCrypt project. According to its developers, security improvements have been implemented and issues raised by the initial TrueCrypt code audit have been addressed.
@ -40,18 +42,21 @@ Truecrypt has been [audited a number of times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tru
**Cryptomator** is an encryption solution designed for privately saving files to any cloud provider. It allows you to create vaults that are stored on a virtual drive, the contents of which are encrypted and synced with your cloud storage provider.
[Homepage](https://cryptomator.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://cryptomator.org/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://cryptomator.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://cryptomator.org/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.cryptomator.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/cryptomator){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://cryptomator.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://cryptomator.org/downloads)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://cryptomator.org/downloads)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://cryptomator.org/downloads)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.cryptomator.Cryptomator)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.cryptomator)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://cryptomator.org/android)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/cryptomator-2/id1560822163)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/cryptomator)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://cryptomator.org/downloads){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://cryptomator.org/downloads){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://cryptomator.org/downloads){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.cryptomator.Cryptomator){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.cryptomator){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:fontawesome-brands-android:](https://cryptomator.org/android){ .card-link title=Android }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/cryptomator-2/id1560822163){ .card-link title="App Store" }
Cryptomator utilizes AES-256 encryption to encrypt both files and filenames. Cryptomator cannot encrypt some metadata such as access, modification, and creation timestamps, nor the number and size of files and folders.
@ -67,14 +72,15 @@ Cryptomator's documentation details its intended [security target](https://docs.
**Picocrypt** is a small and simple encryption tool that provides modern encryption. Picocrypt uses the secure XChaCha20 cipher and the Argon2id key derivation function to provide a high level of security. It uses Go's standard x/crypto modules for its encryption features.
[Project Info](https://github.com/HACKERALERT/Picocrypt#readme){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/HACKERALERT/Picocrypt){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/HACKERALERT/Picocrypt){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://opencollective.com/picocrypt){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/HACKERALERT/Picocrypt/releases)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://github.com/HACKERALERT/Picocrypt/releases)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://github.com/HACKERALERT/Picocrypt/releases)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/HACKERALERT/Picocrypt)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://github.com/HACKERALERT/Picocrypt/releases){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://github.com/HACKERALERT/Picocrypt/releases){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://github.com/HACKERALERT/Picocrypt/releases){ .card-link title=Linux }
## OS Full Disk Encryption
@ -88,7 +94,7 @@ Modern operating systems include [FDE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_encryp
**BitLocker** is the full volume encryption solution bundled with Microsoft Windows. The main reason we recommend it is because of its [use of TPM](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/information-protection/tpm/how-windows-uses-the-tpm). [ElcomSoft](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ElcomSoft), a forensics company, has written about it in [Understanding BitLocker TPM Protection](https://blog.elcomsoft.com/2021/01/understanding-BitLocker-tpm-protection/).
[Overview](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/information-protection/BitLocker/BitLocker-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/information-protection/BitLocker/BitLocker-overview){ .card-link title=Documentation}
BitLocker is [only supported](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/turn-on-device-encryption-0c453637-bc88-5f74-5105-741561aae838) on Pro, Enterprise, and Education editions of Windows. It can be enabled on Home editions provided that they meet the prerequisites.
@ -133,7 +139,7 @@ BitLocker is [only supported](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/turn-o
**FileVault** is the on-the-fly volume encryption solution built into macOS. FileVault is recommended because it [leverages](https://support.apple.com/guide/security/volume-encryption-with-filevault-sec4c6dc1b6e/web) hardware security capabilities present on an Apple silicon SoC or T2 Security Chip.
[Article](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT204837){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/encrypt-mac-data-with-filevault-mh11785/mac){ .card-link title=Documentation}
We recommend storing a local recovery key in a secure place as opposed to utilizing iCloud FileVault recovery. As well, FileVault should be enabled **after** a complete macOS installation as more pseudorandom number generator ([PRNG](https://support.apple.com/guide/security/random-number-generation-seca0c73a75b/web)) [entropy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy_(computing)) will be available.
@ -145,7 +151,9 @@ We recommend storing a local recovery key in a secure place as opposed to utiliz
**LUKS** is the default FDE method for Linux. It can be used to encrypt full volumes, partitions, or create encrypted containers.
[Project Wiki](https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup/-/wikis/home){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup/-/blob/main/README.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup/-/wikis/home){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.com/cryptsetup/cryptsetup/){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? example "Creating and opening encrypted containers"
@ -182,15 +190,15 @@ Browser-based encryption can be useful when you need to encrypt a file but canno
**Hat.sh** is a web application that provides secure client-side file encryption in your browser. It can also be self-hosted and is useful if you need to encrypt a file but cannot install any software on your device due to organizational policies.
[Homepage](https://hat.sh){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/sh-dv/hat.sh)
[:octicons-globe-16: Website](https://hat.sh){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://hat.sh/about/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://hat.sh/about/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/sh-dv/hat.sh){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
:octicons-heart-16:{ .card-link title="Donations methods can be found at the bottom of the website" }
## Command-line
Tools with command-line interfaces are useful for intergrating [shell scripts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_script).
Tools with command-line interfaces are useful for integrating [shell scripts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_script).
### Kryptor
@ -200,14 +208,17 @@ Tools with command-line interfaces are useful for intergrating [shell scripts](h
**Kryptor** is a free and open source file encryption and signing tool that makes use of modern and secure cryptographic algorithms. It aims to be a better version of [age](https://github.com/FiloSottile/age) and [Minisign](https://jedisct1.github.io/minisign/) to provide a simple, easier alternative to GPG.
[Homepage](https://www.kryptor.co.uk){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.kryptor.co.uk/features#privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kryptor.co.uk){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kryptor.co.uk/features#privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kryptor.co.uk/tutorial){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/samuel-lucas6/Kryptor){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kryptor.co.uk/#donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://www.kryptor.co.uk)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://www.kryptor.co.uk)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://www.kryptor.co.uk)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/samuel-lucas6/Kryptor)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://www.kryptor.co.uk){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://www.kryptor.co.uk){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://www.kryptor.co.uk){ .card-link title=Linux }
### Tomb
@ -217,11 +228,10 @@ Tools with command-line interfaces are useful for intergrating [shell scripts](h
**Tomb** is an is a command-line shell wrapper for LUKS. It supports steganography via [third-party tools](https://github.com/dyne/Tomb#how-does-it-work).
[Homepage](https://www.dyne.org/software/tomb){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/dyne/Tomb)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.dyne.org/software/tomb){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/dyne/Tomb/wiki){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/dyne/Tomb){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.dyne.org/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
## OpenPGP
@ -245,15 +255,17 @@ When encrypting with PGP, you have the option to configure different options in
**GnuPG** is a GPL-licensed alternative to the PGP suite of cryptographic software. GnuPG is compliant with [RFC 4880](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4880), which is the current IETF specification of OpenPGP. The GnuPG project has been working on an [updated draft](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-openpgp-crypto-refresh/) in an attempt to modernize OpenPGP. GnuPG is a part of the Free Software Foundation's GNU software project and has received major [funding](https://gnupg.org/blog/20220102-a-new-future-for-gnupg.html) from the German government.
[Homepage](https://gnupg.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://gnupg.org/privacy-policy.html){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://gnupg.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://gnupg.org/privacy-policy.html){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://gnupg.org/documentation/index.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://git.gnupg.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=gnupg.git){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://gpg4win.org/download.html)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://gpgtools.org)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://gnupg.org/download/index.html#binary)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.sufficientlysecure.keychain)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://git.gnupg.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=gnupg.git)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://gpg4win.org/download.html){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://gpgtools.org){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://gnupg.org/download/index.html#binary){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.sufficientlysecure.keychain){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
### GPG4win
@ -263,12 +275,15 @@ When encrypting with PGP, you have the option to configure different options in
**GPG4win** is a package for Windows from [Intevation and g10 Code](https://gpg4win.org/impressum.html). It includes [various tools](https://gpg4win.org/about.html) that can assist you in using GPG on Microsoft Windows. The project was initiated and originally [funded by](https://web.archive.org/web/20190425125223/https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/news/government-used-cryptography) Germany's Federal Office for Information Security (BSI) in 2005.
[Homepage](https://gpg4win.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://gpg4win.org/privacy-policy.html){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://gpg4win.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://gpg4win.org/privacy-policy.html){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://gpg4win.org/documentation.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://git.gnupg.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=gpg4win.git;a=summary){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://gpg4win.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://gpg4win.org/download.html)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://git.gnupg.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=gpg4win.git;a=summary)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://gpg4win.org/download.html){ .card-link title=Windows }
### GPG Suite
@ -284,12 +299,14 @@ When encrypting with PGP, you have the option to configure different options in
We recommend taking a look at their [First steps](https://gpgtools.tenderapp.com/kb/how-to/first-steps-where-do-i-start-where-do-i-begin-setup-gpgtools-create-a-new-key-your-first-encrypted-email) and [Knowledge base](https://gpgtools.tenderapp.com/kb) for support.
[Homepage](https://gpgtools.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://gpgtools.org/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://gpgtools.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://gpgtools.org/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://gpgtools.tenderapp.com/kb){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/GPGTools){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://gpgtools.org)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://github.com/GPGTools)
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://gpgtools.org){ .card-link title=macOS }
### OpenKeychain
@ -297,14 +314,17 @@ When encrypting with PGP, you have the option to configure different options in
![OpenKeychain logo](assets/img/encryption-software/openkeychain.svg){ align=right }
**OpenKeychain** is an Android implementation of GnuPG. It's commonly required by mail clients, such as [K-9 Mail](email-clients.md#k-9-mail), and other Android apps to provide encryption support. Cure53 completed a [security audit](https://www.openkeychain.org/openkeychain-3-6) of OpenKeychain 3.6 in October 2015. Technical details about the audit and OpenKeychain's solutions can be found [here](https://github.com/open-keychain/open-keychain/wiki/cure53-Security-Audit-2015).
**OpenKeychain** is an Android implementation of GnuPG. It's commonly required by mail clients such as [K-9 Mail](email-clients.md#k-9-mail) and [FairEmail](email-clients.md#fairemail) and other Android apps to provide encryption support. Cure53 completed a [security audit](https://www.openkeychain.org/openkeychain-3-6) of OpenKeychain 3.6 in October 2015. Technical details about the audit and OpenKeychain's solutions can be found [here](https://github.com/open-keychain/open-keychain/wiki/cure53-Security-Audit-2015).
[Homepage](https://www.openkeychain.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.openkeychain.org/help/privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.openkeychain.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.openkeychain.org/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.openkeychain.org/faq/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/open-keychain/open-keychain){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
:octicons-heart-16:{ .card-link title="Donations can be made within the app" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.sufficientlysecure.keychain)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/org.sufficientlysecure.keychain/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://github.com/open-keychain/open-keychain)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.sufficientlysecure.keychain){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/org.sufficientlysecure.keychain/){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -14,14 +14,16 @@ Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your frien
**OnionShare** is an open-source tool that lets you securely and anonymously share a file of any size. It works by starting a web server accessible as a Tor onion service, with an unguessable URL that you can share with the recipients to download or send files.
[Homepage](https://onionshare.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:pg-tor:](http://lldan5gahapx5k7iafb3s4ikijc4ni7gx5iywdflkba5y2ezyg6sjgyd.onion){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://onionshare.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](http://lldan5gahapx5k7iafb3s4ikijc4ni7gx5iywdflkba5y2ezyg6sjgyd.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.onionshare.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/onionshare/onionshare){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://onionshare.org/#download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://onionshare.org/#download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://onionshare.org/#download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/onionshare/onionshare)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://onionshare.org/#download){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://onionshare.org/#download){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://onionshare.org/#download){ .card-link title=Linux }
### Magic Wormhole
@ -31,14 +33,15 @@ Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your frien
**Magic Wormhole** is a package that provides a library and a command-line tool named wormhole, which makes it possible to get arbitrary-sized files and directories (or short pieces of text) from one computer to another. Their motto: "Get things from one computer to another, safely.
[Homepage](https://magic-wormhole.readthedocs.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/magic-wormhole/magic-wormhole){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://magic-wormhole.readthedocs.io/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/magic-wormhole/magic-wormhole){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://magic-wormhole.readthedocs.io/en/latest/welcome.html#installation)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://magic-wormhole.readthedocs.io/en/latest/welcome.html#macos-os-x)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://magic-wormhole.readthedocs.io/en/latest/welcome.html#installation)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/magic-wormhole/magic-wormhole)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://magic-wormhole.readthedocs.io/en/latest/welcome.html#installation){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://magic-wormhole.readthedocs.io/en/latest/welcome.html#macos-os-x){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://magic-wormhole.readthedocs.io/en/latest/welcome.html#installation){ .card-link title=Linux }
## FreedomBox
@ -48,11 +51,10 @@ Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your frien
**FreedomBox** is an operating system designed to be run on a [single-board computer (SBC)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-board_computer). The purpose is to make it easy to set up server applications that you might want to selfhost.
[Homepage](https://freedombox.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://salsa.debian.org/freedombox-team/freedombox)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://freedombox.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox/Manual){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://salsa.debian.org/freedombox-team/freedombox){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://freedomboxfoundation.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
## File Sync
@ -64,19 +66,21 @@ Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your frien
**Syncthing** is an open-source peer-to-peer continuous file synchronization utility. It is used to synchronize files between two or more devices over the local network or the internet. Syncthing does not use a centralized server; it uses the [Block Exchange Protocol](https://docs.syncthing.net/specs/bep-v1.html#bep-v1) to transfer data between devices. All data is encrypted using TLS.
[Homepage](https://syncthing.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://syncthing.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.syncthing.net){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/syncthing){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://syncthing.net/donations/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://syncthing.net/downloads)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://syncthing.net/downloads)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://syncthing.net/downloads)
- [:fontawesome-brands-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://syncthing.net/downloads/)
- [:pg-openbsd: OpenBSD](https://syncthing.net/downloads/)
- [:pg-netbsd: NetBSD](https://syncthing.net/downloads/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nutomic.syncthingandroid)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.nutomic.syncthingandroid/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/syncthing)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://syncthing.net/downloads/){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://syncthing.net/downloads/){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://syncthing.net/downloads/){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-freebsd:](https://syncthing.net/downloads/){ .card-link title=FreeBSD }
[:pg-openbsd:](https://syncthing.net/downloads/){ .card-link title=OpenBSD }
[:pg-netbsd:](https://syncthing.net/downloads/){ .card-link title=NetBSD }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nutomic.syncthingandroid){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.nutomic.syncthingandroid/){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
### git-annex
@ -86,11 +90,14 @@ Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your frien
**git-annex** allows managing files with git, without checking the file contents into git. While that may seem paradoxical, it is useful when dealing with files larger than git can currently easily handle, whether due to limitations in memory, time, or disk space.
[Homepage](https://git-annex.branchable.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://git-annex.branchable.com/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://git-annex.branchable.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://git-annex.branchable.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://git-annex.branchable.com/walkthrough/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://git-annex.branchable.com/install/fromsource/){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://git-annex.branchable.com/thanks/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://git-annex.branchable.com/install/Windows)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://git-annex.branchable.com/install/OSX)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://git-annex.branchable.com/install)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://git-annex.branchable.com/install/fromsource/)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://git-annex.branchable.com/install/Windows){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://git-annex.branchable.com/install/OSX){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://git-annex.branchable.com/install){ .card-link title=Linux }

View File

@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ icon: fontawesome/brands/linux
---
Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software freedom.
- [General Linux Overview :material-arrow-right:](linux-desktop/overview.md)
- [General Linux Overview :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](linux-desktop/overview.md)
If you don't already use Linux, below are some distributions we suggest trying out, as well as some general privacy and security improvement tips that are applicable to many Linux distributions.
@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ If you don't already use Linux, below are some distributions we suggest trying o
**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org), and soon, [FS-Verity](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/FsVerityRPM). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general.
[Homepage](https://getfedora.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://getfedora.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months.
@ -32,7 +34,9 @@ Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https:
openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem.
[Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality.
@ -44,7 +48,9 @@ Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a sn
**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions).
[Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently.
@ -62,7 +68,9 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linuxs packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org)
**Fedora Silverblue** and **Fedora Kinoite** are immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows. Silverblue comes with the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment while Kinoite comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/). Silverblue and Kinoite follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream.
[Homepage](https://silverblue.fedoraproject.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://silverblue.fedoraproject.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
Silverblue (and Kinoite) differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/DNF) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/rawhide/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image.
@ -80,7 +88,9 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed
NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability.
[Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute }
NixOSs package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only.
@ -102,7 +112,9 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if theres no pre-built available in th
**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet.
[Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway”. All communications from the Workstation has to go through the Tor gateway, and will be routed through the Tor Network.
@ -122,66 +134,10 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube
It can boot on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card. It aims to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship and leaving no trace of itself on the computer it is used on.
[Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypted [persistent storage](https://tails.boum.org/doc/first_steps/persistence/index.en.html) can be configured to store some data.
## General Recommendations
### Drive Encryption
Most Linux distributions have an installer option for enabling LUKS FDE upon installation.
If this option isnt set at installation time, you will have to backup your data and re-install, as encryption is applied after [disk partitioning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_partitioning), but before [file systems](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_system) are formatted.
When securely erasing storage devices such as a Solid-state drive (SSD) you should use the [ATA Secure Erase](https://ata.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/ATA_Secure_Erase) command. This command can be issued from your UEFI setup. If the storage device is a regular hard drive (HDD), consider using [`nwipe`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nwipe).
### Swap
Consider using [ZRAM](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Swap#zram-generator) or [encrypted swap](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dm-crypt/Swap_encryption) instead of unencrypted swap to avoid potential security issues with sensitive data being pushed to [swap space](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_paging). Fedora based distributions [use ZRAM by default](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/SwapOnZRAM).
### Wayland
We recommend using a desktop environment that supports the [Wayland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayland_(display_server_protocol)) display protocol as it developed with security [in mind](https://lwn.net/Articles/589147/). Its predecessor, [X11](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Window_System), does not support GUI isolation, allowing all windows to [record screen, log and inject inputs in other windows](https://blog.invisiblethings.org/2011/04/23/linux-security-circus-on-gui-isolation.html), making any attempt at sandboxing futile. While there are options to do nested X11 such as [Xpra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xpra) or [Xephyr](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xephyr), they often come with negative performance consequences and are not convenient to set up and are not preferable over Wayland.
Fortunately, common environments such as [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org), [KDE](https://kde.org), and the window manager [Sway](https://swaywm.org) have support for Wayland. Some distributions like Fedora and Tumbleweed use it by default and some others may do so in the future as X11 is in [hard maintenance mode](https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=X.Org-Maintenance-Mode-Quickly). If youre using one of those environments it is as easy as selecting the “Wayland” session at the desktop display manager ([GDM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager), [SDDM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Desktop_Display_Manager)).
We recommend **against** using desktop environments or window managers that do not have Wayland support such as Cinnamon (default on Linux Mint), Pantheon (default on Elementary OS), MATE, Xfce, and i3.
### Proprietary Firmware (Microcode Updates)
Linux distributions such as those which are [Linux-libre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux-libre) or DIY (Arch Linux) dont come with the proprietary [microcode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcode) updates. Some notable examples of these vulnerabilities include [Spectre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectre_(security_vulnerability)), [Meltdown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meltdown_(security_vulnerability)), [SSB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculative_Store_Bypass), [Foreshadow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreshadow), [MDS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microarchitectural_Data_Sampling), [SWAPGS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWAPGS_(security_vulnerability)), and other [hardware vulnerabilities](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/index.html).
We **highly recommend** that you install the microcode updates, as your CPU is already running the proprietary microcode from the factory. Fedora and openSUSE both have the microcode updates applied by default.
## Privacy Tweaks
### MAC Address Randomization
Many desktop Linux distributions (Fedora, openSUSE etc) will come with [NetworkManager](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetworkManager), to configure Ethernet and Wi-Fi settings.
It is possible to [randomize](https://fedoramagazine.org/randomize-mac-address-nm/) the [MAC address](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address) when using NetworkManager. This provides a bit more privacy on Wi-Fi networks as it makes it harder to track specific devices on the network youre connected to. It does [**not**](https://papers.mathyvanhoef.com/wisec2016.pdf) make you anonymous.
We recommend changing the setting to **random** instead of **stable**, as suggested in the [article](https://fedoramagazine.org/randomize-mac-address-nm/).
If you are using [systemd-networkd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemd#Ancillary_components), you will need to set [`MACAddressPolicy=random`](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.link.html#MACAddressPolicy=) which will enable [RFC 7844 (Anonymity Profiles for DHCP Clients)](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.network.html#Anonymize=).
There isnt much point in randomizing the MAC address for Ethernet connections as a system administrator can find you by looking at the port you are using on the [network switch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_switch). Randomizing Wi-Fi MAC addresses depends on support from the Wi-Fis firmware.
### Other Identifiers
There are other system identifiers which you may wish to be careful about. You should give this some thought to see if it applies to your [threat model](basics/threat-modeling.md):
- **Hostnames:** Your system's hostname is shared with the networks you connect to. You should avoid including identifying terms like your name or operating system in your hostname, instead sticking to generic terms or random strings.
- **Usernames:** Similarly, your username is used in a variety of ways across your system. Consider using generic terms like "user" rather than your actual name.
- **Machine ID:**: During installation a unique machine ID is generated and stored on your device. Consider [setting it to a generic ID](https://madaidans-insecurities.github.io/guides/linux-hardening.html#machine-id).
### System Counting
The Fedora Project [counts](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/DNF_Better_Counting) how many unique systems access its mirrors by using a [`countme`](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/DNF_Better_Counting#Detailed_Description) variable instead of a unique ID. Fedora does this to determine load and provision better servers for updates where necessary.
This [option](https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/conf_ref.html#options-for-both-main-and-repo) is currently off by default. We recommend adding `countme=false` to `/etc/dnf/dnf.conf` just in case it is enabled in the future. On systems that use `rpm-ostree` such as Silverblue, the countme option is disabled by masking the [rpm-ostree-countme](https://fedoramagazine.org/getting-better-at-counting-rpm-ostree-based-systems/) timer.
openSUSE also uses a [unique ID](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Statistics) to count systems, which can be disabled by deleting the `/var/lib/zypp/AnonymousUniqueId` file.
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

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@ -28,11 +28,21 @@ There are some additional kernel hardening options such as configuring [sysctl](
- [Recommended boot parameters](https://madaidans-insecurities.github.io/guides/linux-hardening.html#boot-parameters)
- [Additional recommendations to reduce the kernel's attack surface](https://madaidans-insecurities.github.io/guides/linux-hardening.html#kernel-attack-surface-reduction)
Note that setting `kernel.unprivileged_userns_clone=0` will stop Flatpak, Snap (that depend on browser-sandbox), Electron based AppImages, Podman, Docker, and LXC containers from working. Do **not** set this flag if you are using container products.
Do **not** disable unprivileged user namespaces if you use software that relies on it, like: Podman, Docker and LXC containers. The option will prevent this software from working.
## Linux-Hardened
Some distributions like Arch Linux have the [linux-hardened](https://github.com/anthraxx/linux-hardened), kernel package. It includes [hardening patches](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/security#Kernel_hardening) and more security-conscious defaults. Linux-Hardened has `kernel.unprivileged_userns_clone=0` disabled by default. See the [warning above](#kernel-hardening) about how this might impact you.
Some distributions like Arch Linux have the [linux-hardened](https://github.com/anthraxx/linux-hardened), kernel package. It includes [hardening patches](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/security#Kernel_hardening) and more security-conscious defaults. Linux-Hardened has `kernel.unprivileged_userns_clone=0` disabled by default. See the [note above](#kernel-hardening) about how this might impact you.
## Linux Kernel Runtime Guard (LKRG)
LKRG is a kernel module that performs runtime integrity check on the kernel to help detect detect exploits against the kernel. LKRG works in a *post*-detect fashion, attempting to respond to unauthorized modifications to the running Linux kernel. While it is [bypassable by design](https://lkrg.org/), it does stop off-the-shelf malware that does not specifically target LKRG itself. This may make exploits harder to develop and execute on vulnerable systems.
If you can get LKRG and maintain module updates it provides a worthwhile improvement to security. Debian based distributions can get the LKRG DKMS from KickSecure's secure repository and the [KickSecure documentation](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Linux_Kernel_Runtime_Guard_LKRG) has instructions on how this can be achieved. There is no LKRG package for Fedora yet, however the Qubes OS project has a COPR repository which [may become](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/5461) part of the main distribution in the future. Archlinux based systems provide LKRG DKMS modules via an [AUR package](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/lkrg-dkms).
## GRSecurity
GRSecurity is a set of kernel patches that attempt to improve security of the Linux kernel. It requires [payment to access](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/5461) the code.
## Simultaneous multithreading (SMT)
@ -40,7 +50,9 @@ Some distributions like Arch Linux have the [linux-hardened](https://github.com/
## Hardened memory allocator
The [hardened memory allocator](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc) from [GrapheneOS](https://grapheneos.org) can be used on Linux distributions. It is available by default on Whonix and is available as an [AUR package](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Security#Hardened_malloc) on Arch based distributions. If you are using the AUR package, consider setting up `LD_PRELOAD` as described in the [Arch Wiki](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Security#Hardened_malloc).
The [hardened memory allocator](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc) from [GrapheneOS](https://grapheneos.org) can also be used on general Linux distributions. It is available as an [AUR package](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Security#Hardened_malloc) on Arch based distributions, and (though not enabled by default) on Whonix and Kicksecure.
If you are using Whonix, Kicksecure or the AUR package, consider setting up `LD_PRELOAD` as described in the [Kicksecure Documentation](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Hardened_Malloc) or [Arch Wiki](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Security#Hardened_malloc).
## Umask
@ -48,7 +60,9 @@ If you are not using openSUSE, consider changing the default [umask](https://en.
## Mountpoint hardening
Consider adding the [following options](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/mount.8.html) `nodev`, `noexec`, and `nosuid` to [mountpoints](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_(computing)) which do not need them. Typically, these could be applied to `/boot`, `/boot/efi`, `/home`, `/root`, and `/var`.
Consider adding the [following options](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/mount.8.html) `nodev`, `noexec`, and `nosuid` to [mountpoints](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_(computing)) which do not need them. Typically, these could be applied to `/boot`, `/boot/efi`, and `/var`.
These flags could also be applied to `/home` and `/root` as well, however, `noexec` will prevent applications from working that require binary execution in those locations. This includes products such as Flatpak and Snap.
If you use [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/), `/var/log/journal` must not have any of those options. If you are on Arch Linux, do not apply `noexec` to `/var/tmp`.

View File

@ -18,9 +18,13 @@ Despite these drawbacks, desktop GNU/Linux distributions are great if you want t
Our website generally uses the term “Linux” to describe desktop GNU/Linux distributions. Other operating systems which also use the Linux kernel such as ChromeOS, Android, and Qubes OS are not discussed here.
[Our Linux Recommendations :material-arrow-right:](../linux-desktop.md){ .md-button }
[Our Linux Recommendations :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](../linux-desktop.md){ .md-button }
## Release cycle
## Choosing your distribution
Not all Linux distributions are created equal. While our Linux recommendation page is not meant to be an authoritative source on which distribution you should use, there are a few things you should keep in mind when choosing which distribution to use.
### Release cycle
We highly recommend that you choose distributions which stay close to the stable upstream software releases, often referred to as rolling release distributions. This is because frozen release cycle distributions often dont update package versions and fall behind on security updates.
@ -32,7 +36,7 @@ We dont believe holding packages back and applying interim patches is a good
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/i8c0mg_mS7U" title="Regular Releases are Wrong, Roll for your life" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
## Traditional vs Atomic updates
### Traditional vs Atomic updates
Traditionally, Linux distributions update by sequentially updating the desired packages. Traditional updates such as those used in Fedora, Arch Linux, and Debian based distributions can be less reliable if an error occurs while updating.
@ -46,11 +50,11 @@ The Atomic update method is used for immutable distributions like Silverblue, Tu
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/-hpV5l-gJnQ" title="Let's try Fedora Silverblue — an immutable desktop OS! - Adam Šamalik" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div>
## “Security-focused” distributions
### “Security-focused” distributions
There is often some confusion about “security-focused” distributions and “pentesting” distributions. A quick search for “the most secure Linux distribution” will often give results like Kali Linux, Black Arch, and Parrot OS. These distributions are offensive penetration testing distributions that bundle tools for testing other systems. They dont include any “extra security” or defensive mitigations intended for regular use.
## Arch-based distributions
### Arch-based distributions
Arch based distributions are not recommended for those new to Linux, regardless of the distribution. Arch does not have an distribution update mechanism for the underlying software choices. As a result you have to stay aware with current trends and adopt technologies as they supersede older practices on your own.
@ -63,8 +67,64 @@ If you are experienced with Linux and wish to use an Arch-based distribution, we
- **Manjaro**: This distribution holds packages back for 2 weeks to make sure that their own changes dont break, not to make sure that upstream is stable. When AUR packages are used, they are often built against the latest [libraries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_(computing)) from Archs repositories.
- **Garuda**: They use [Chaotic-AUR](https://aur.chaotic.cx/) which automatically and blindly compiles packages from the AUR. There is no verification process to make sure that the AUR packages dont suffer from supply chain attacks.
## Linux-libre kernel and “Libre” distributions
### Linux-libre kernel and “Libre” distributions
We strongly recommend **against** using the Linux-libre kernel, since it [removes security mitigations](https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=GNU-Linux-Libre-5.7-Released) and [suppresses kernel warnings](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29674846) about vulnerable microcode for ideological reasons.
## General Recommendations
### Drive Encryption
Most Linux distributions have an option within its installer for enabling [LUKS](/encryption.md#linux-unified-key-setup) FDE. If this option isnt set at installation time, you will have to backup your data and re-install, as encryption is applied after [disk partitioning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_partitioning), but before [file systems](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_system) are formatted. We also suggest securely erasing your storage device:
- [Secure Data Erasure :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](../basics/erasing-data.md)
### Swap
Consider using [ZRAM](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Swap#zram-generator) or [encrypted swap](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dm-crypt/Swap_encryption) instead of unencrypted swap to avoid potential security issues with sensitive data being pushed to [swap space](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_paging). Fedora based distributions [use ZRAM by default](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/SwapOnZRAM).
### Wayland
We recommend using a desktop environment that supports the [Wayland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayland_(display_server_protocol)) display protocol as it developed with security [in mind](https://lwn.net/Articles/589147/). Its predecessor, [X11](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_Window_System), does not support GUI isolation, allowing all windows to [record screen, log and inject inputs in other windows](https://blog.invisiblethings.org/2011/04/23/linux-security-circus-on-gui-isolation.html), making any attempt at sandboxing futile. While there are options to do nested X11 such as [Xpra](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xpra) or [Xephyr](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xephyr), they often come with negative performance consequences and are not convenient to set up and are not preferable over Wayland.
Fortunately, common environments such as [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org), [KDE](https://kde.org), and the window manager [Sway](https://swaywm.org) have support for Wayland. Some distributions like Fedora and Tumbleweed use it by default and some others may do so in the future as X11 is in [hard maintenance mode](https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=X.Org-Maintenance-Mode-Quickly). If youre using one of those environments it is as easy as selecting the “Wayland” session at the desktop display manager ([GDM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME_Display_Manager), [SDDM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Desktop_Display_Manager)).
We recommend **against** using desktop environments or window managers that do not have Wayland support such as Cinnamon (default on Linux Mint), Pantheon (default on Elementary OS), MATE, Xfce, and i3.
### Proprietary Firmware (Microcode Updates)
Linux distributions such as those which are [Linux-libre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux-libre) or DIY (Arch Linux) dont come with the proprietary [microcode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcode) updates. Some notable examples of these vulnerabilities include [Spectre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectre_(security_vulnerability)), [Meltdown](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meltdown_(security_vulnerability)), [SSB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculative_Store_Bypass), [Foreshadow](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreshadow), [MDS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microarchitectural_Data_Sampling), [SWAPGS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWAPGS_(security_vulnerability)), and other [hardware vulnerabilities](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/hw-vuln/index.html).
We **highly recommend** that you install the microcode updates, as your CPU is already running the proprietary microcode from the factory. Fedora and openSUSE both have the microcode updates applied by default.
## Privacy Tweaks
### MAC Address Randomization
Many desktop Linux distributions (Fedora, openSUSE etc) will come with [NetworkManager](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetworkManager), to configure Ethernet and Wi-Fi settings.
It is possible to [randomize](https://fedoramagazine.org/randomize-mac-address-nm/) the [MAC address](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address) when using NetworkManager. This provides a bit more privacy on Wi-Fi networks as it makes it harder to track specific devices on the network youre connected to. It does [**not**](https://papers.mathyvanhoef.com/wisec2016.pdf) make you anonymous.
We recommend changing the setting to **random** instead of **stable**, as suggested in the [article](https://fedoramagazine.org/randomize-mac-address-nm/).
If you are using [systemd-networkd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemd#Ancillary_components), you will need to set [`MACAddressPolicy=random`](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.link.html#MACAddressPolicy=) which will enable [RFC 7844 (Anonymity Profiles for DHCP Clients)](https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.network.html#Anonymize=).
There isnt much point in randomizing the MAC address for Ethernet connections as a system administrator can find you by looking at the port you are using on the [network switch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_switch). Randomizing Wi-Fi MAC addresses depends on support from the Wi-Fis firmware.
### Other Identifiers
There are other system identifiers which you may wish to be careful about. You should give this some thought to see if it applies to your [threat model](../basics/threat-modeling.md):
- **Hostnames:** Your system's hostname is shared with the networks you connect to. You should avoid including identifying terms like your name or operating system in your hostname, instead sticking to generic terms or random strings.
- **Usernames:** Similarly, your username is used in a variety of ways across your system. Consider using generic terms like "user" rather than your actual name.
- **Machine ID:**: During installation a unique machine ID is generated and stored on your device. Consider [setting it to a generic ID](https://madaidans-insecurities.github.io/guides/linux-hardening.html#machine-id).
### System Counting
The Fedora Project [counts](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/DNF_Better_Counting) how many unique systems access its mirrors by using a [`countme`](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/DNF_Better_Counting#Detailed_Description) variable instead of a unique ID. Fedora does this to determine load and provision better servers for updates where necessary.
This [option](https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/conf_ref.html#options-for-both-main-and-repo) is currently off by default. We recommend adding `countme=false` to `/etc/dnf/dnf.conf` just in case it is enabled in the future. On systems that use `rpm-ostree` such as Silverblue, the countme option is disabled by masking the [rpm-ostree-countme](https://fedoramagazine.org/getting-better-at-counting-rpm-ostree-based-systems/) timer.
openSUSE also uses a [unique ID](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Statistics) to count systems, which can be disabled by deleting the `/var/lib/zypp/AnonymousUniqueId` file.
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

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@ -61,6 +61,6 @@ Red Hat develops [Podman](https://docs.podman.io/en/latest/) and secures it with
Another option is [Kata containers](https://katacontainers.io/), where virtual machines masquerade as containers. Each Kata container has its own Linux kernel and is isolated from the host.
These container technologies can be useful for those who may want to run certain web app software on their local area network (LAN) such as [Vaultwarden](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden) or images provided by [linuxserver.io](https://www.linuxserver.io) to increase privacy by decreasing dependence on various web services.
The above container technologies can be useful if you want to run certain web app software on your local network, such as [Vaultwarden](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden) or images provided by [LinuxServer.io](https://www.linuxserver.io), to increase privacy by decreasing dependence on various web services. A guide on [hardening Docker and OCI](https://wonderfall.dev/docker-hardening) has been written by the author "Wonderfall."
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

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@ -16,15 +16,16 @@ When sharing files, be sure to remove associated metadata. Image files commonly
On Linux, a third party graphical tool [Metadata Cleaner](https://gitlab.com/rmnvgr/metadata-cleaner) powered by MAT2 exists and is [available on Flathub](https://flathub.org/apps/details/fr.romainvigier.MetadataCleaner).
[Homepage](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2/-/blob/master/README.md){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://pypi.org/project/mat2)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2#requirements-setup-on-macos-os-x-using-homebrew)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://pypi.org/project/mat2)
- [:fontawesome-solid-earth-americas: Web](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2#web-interface)
- [:fontawesome-brands-gitlab: Source](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://pypi.org/project/mat2){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2#requirements-setup-on-macos-os-x-using-homebrew){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://pypi.org/project/mat2){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:octicons-globe-16:](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2#web-interface){ .card-link title=Web }
### ExifCleaner
@ -34,14 +35,15 @@ When sharing files, be sure to remove associated metadata. Image files commonly
**ExifCleaner** is a freeware, open source graphical app that uses [ExifTool](https://exiftool.org) to remove Exif metadata from images, videos, and PDF documents using a simple drag and drop interface. It supports multi-core batch processing and dark mode.
[Homepage](https://exifcleaner.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://exifcleaner.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner#readme){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner/releases)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner/releases)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner/releases)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner/releases){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner/releases){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://github.com/szTheory/exifcleaner/releases){ .card-link title=Linux }
## Mobile
@ -53,13 +55,16 @@ When sharing files, be sure to remove associated metadata. Image files commonly
**Scrambled Exif** is a metadata removal tool for Android. It can remove Exif data for many file formats and has been translated into [many](https://gitlab.com/juanitobananas/scrambled-exif/-/tree/master/app/src/main/res) languages.
[Project Info](https://gitlab.com/juanitobananas/scrambled-exif#scrambled-exif){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://gitlab.com/juanitobananas/scrambled-exif){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://gitlab.com/juanitobananas/scrambled-exif/-/blob/master/PRIVACY.md){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://gitlab.com/juanitobananas/scrambled-exif/-/blob/master/README.md){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.com/juanitobananas/scrambled-exif){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://gitlab.com/juanitobananas/scrambled-exif#donating){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.jarsilio.android.scrambledeggsif)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.jarsilio.android.scrambledeggsif)
- [:fontawesome-brands-gitlab: Source](https://gitlab.com/juanitobananas/scrambled-exif)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.jarsilio.android.scrambledeggsif){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.jarsilio.android.scrambledeggsif){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
### Imagepipe
@ -69,32 +74,32 @@ When sharing files, be sure to remove associated metadata. Image files commonly
**Imagepipe** is a a paint app for Android that can be used to redact photos and also delete Exif metadata. It has been translated into [many](https://codeberg.org/Starfish/Imagepipe#translations) languages.
[Project Info](https://codeberg.org/Starfish/Imagepipe#imagepipe){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://codeberg.org/Starfish/Imagepipe){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://codeberg.org/Starfish/Imagepipe/src/branch/master/README.md){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://codeberg.org/Starfish/Imagepipe){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/de.kaffeemitkoffein.imagepipe/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://codeberg.org/Starfish/Imagepipe)
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/de.kaffeemitkoffein.imagepipe/){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
Imagepipe is only available from F-Droid and not in Google Play. If you're looking for a paint app in Google Play we suggest [Pocket Paint](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.catrobat.paintroid).
### Metapho
!!! warning
Metapho is closed source. We recommend it, due to the few choices there are for iOS devices.
!!! recommendation
![Metapho logo](assets/img/metadata-removal/metapho.jpg){ align=right }
Metapho is a simple and clean viewer for photo metadata such as date, file name, size, camera model, shutter speed, and location.
Metapho is closed source, however we recommend it due to the few choices there are for iOS.
[Homepage](https://zininworks.com/metapho){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://zininworks.com/privacy/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://zininworks.com/metapho){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://zininworks.com/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/metapho/id914457352)
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/metapho/id914457352){ .card-link title="App Store" }
## Command-line
@ -108,15 +113,16 @@ Imagepipe is only available from F-Droid and not in Google Play. If you're looki
It's often a component of other Exif removal applications and is in most Linux distribution repositories.
[Homepage](https://exiftool.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://exiftool.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://exiftool.org/faq.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/exiftool/exiftool){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://exiftool.org/#donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://exiftool.org)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://exiftool.org)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://exiftool.org)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://sourceforge.net/projects/exiftool)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/exiftool/exiftool)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://exiftool.org){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://exiftool.org){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://exiftool.org){ .card-link title=Linux }
!!! example "Deleting data from a directory of files"

View File

@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ icon: 'material/two-factor-authentication'
One of the benefits of the YubiKey is that one key can do almost everything (YubiKey 5), you could expect from a hardware security key. We do encourage you to take the [quiz](https://www.yubico.com/quiz/) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
[Website](https://www.yubico.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.yubico.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
The [comparison table](https://www.yubico.com/store/compare/) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare. We highly recommend that you select keys from the YubiKey 5 Series.
@ -33,7 +35,9 @@ For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface w
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
[Website](https://www.nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
The [comparison table](https://www.nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
@ -71,13 +75,17 @@ We highly recommend that you use mobile TOTP apps instead of desktop alternative
**Aegis Authenticator** is a free, secure and open source app to manage your 2-step verification tokens for your online services.
[Homepage](https://getaegis.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://getaegis.app/aegis/privacy.html){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://getaegis.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://getaegis.app/aegis/privacy.html){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/beemdevelopment/Aegis/wiki){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/beemdevelopment/Aegis){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.buymeacoffee.com/beemdevelopment){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.beemdevelopment.aegis)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.beemdevelopment.aegis)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/beemdevelopment/Aegis)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.beemdevelopment.aegis){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.beemdevelopment.aegis){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:fontawesome-brands-github:](https://github.com/beemdevelopment/Aegis/releases){ .card-link title=GitHub }
### Raivo OTP
@ -87,12 +95,14 @@ We highly recommend that you use mobile TOTP apps instead of desktop alternative
**Raivo OTP** is a native, lightweight and secure time-based (TOTP) & counter-based (HOTP) password client for iOS. Raivo OTP offers optional iCloud backup & sync. Raivo OTP is also available for macOS in the form of a status bar application, however the Mac app does not work independently of the iOS app.
[Project Info](https://github.com/raivo-otp/ios-application#readme){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://github.com/raivo-otp/ios-application/blob/master/PRIVACY.md){ .md-button }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/raivo-otp/ios-application){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://github.com/raivo-otp/ios-application/blob/master/PRIVACY.md){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/raivo-otp/ios-application){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/sponsors/tijme){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/raivo-otp/id1459042137)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store: Mac App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/raivo-otp/id1498497896)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/raivo-otp/ios-application)
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/raivo-otp/id1459042137){ .card-link title="App Store" }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/raivo-otp/id1498497896){ .card-link title="Mac App Store" }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -15,13 +15,16 @@ A [news aggregator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_aggregator) is a way to k
**Fluent Reader** is a secure cross-platform news aggregator that has useful privacy features such as deletion of cookies on exit, strict [content security policies (CSP)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_Security_Policy) and proxy support, meaning you can use it over [Tor](self-contained-networks.md#tor).
[Homepage](https://hyliu.me/fluent-reader){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://github.com/yang991178/fluent-reader/wiki/Privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://hyliu.me/fluent-reader){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://github.com/yang991178/fluent-reader/wiki/Privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/yang991178/fluent-reader/wiki/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/yang991178/fluent-reader){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/sponsors/yang991178){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://hyliu.me/fluent-reader)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store: Mac App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1520907427)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/yang991178/fluent-reader.git)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://hyliu.me/fluent-reader){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1520907427){ .card-link title="Mac App Store" }
### GNOME Feeds
@ -31,13 +34,14 @@ A [news aggregator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_aggregator) is a way to k
**GNOME Feeds** is an [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS) and [Atom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(Web_standard)) news reader for [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org). It has a simple interface and is quite fast.
[Homepage](https://gfeeds.gabmus.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://gfeeds.gabmus.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.gnome.org/World/gfeeds){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://liberapay.com/gabmus/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://gfeeds.gabmus.org/#install)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.gabmus.gfeeds)
- [:fontawesome-brands-gitlab: Source](https://gitlab.gnome.org/World/gfeeds)
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://gfeeds.gabmus.org/#install){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.gabmus.gfeeds){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
### Akregator
@ -47,28 +51,32 @@ A [news aggregator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_aggregator) is a way to k
**Akregator** is a news feed reader that is a part of the [KDE](https://kde.org) project. It comes with a fast search, advanced archiving functionality and an internal browser for easy news reading.
[Website](https://apps.kde.org/akregator){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://kde.org/privacypolicy-apps){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://apps.kde.org/akregator){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://kde.org/privacypolicy-apps){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.kde.org/?application=akregator){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://invent.kde.org/pim/akregator){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://kde.org/community/donations/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.kde.akregator)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://invent.kde.org/pim/akregator)
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.kde.akregator){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
### Handy News Reader
### Feeder
!!! recommendation
![Handy News Reader logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/handy-news-reader.svg){ align=right }
![Feeder logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/feeder.png){ align=right }
**Handy News Reader** is a fork of [Flym](https://github.com/FredJul/Flym) that has many [features](https://github.com/yanus171/Handy-News-Reader#features) and works well with folders of RSS feeds. It supports [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS), [Atom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(Web_standard)) and [RDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF%2FXML).
**Feeder** is a modern RSS client for Android that has many [features](https://gitlab.com/spacecowboy/Feeder#features) and works well with folders of RSS feeds. It supports it supports [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS), [Atom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(Web_standard)) and [RDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF%2FXML) and [JSON Feed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON_Feed).
[Homepage](https://yanus171.github.io/Handy-News-Reader/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://gitlab.com/spacecowboy/Feeder){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.com/spacecowboy/Feeder){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://ko-fi.com/spacecowboy){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ru.yanus171.feedexfork)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/ru.yanus171.feedexfork/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/yanus171/Handy-News-Reader)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nononsenseapps.feeder.play){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.nononsenseapps.feeder/){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
### NetNewsWire
@ -78,13 +86,15 @@ A [news aggregator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_aggregator) is a way to k
**NetNewsWire** a free and open-source feed reader for macOS and iOS with a focus on a native design and feature set. It supports the typical feed formats alongside built-in support for Twitter and Reddit feeds.
[Homepage](https://netnewswire.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://netnewswire.com/privacypolicy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://netnewswire.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://netnewswire.com/privacypolicy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://netnewswire.com/help/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Ranchero-Software/NetNewsWire){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://netnewswire.com)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/netnewswire-rss-reader/id1480640210)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/Ranchero-Software/NetNewsWire)
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://netnewswire.com){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/netnewswire-rss-reader/id1480640210){ .card-link title="App Store" }
### Miniflux
@ -95,11 +105,10 @@ A [news aggregator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_aggregator) is a way to k
**Miniflux** is a web-based news aggregator that you can self-host. It supports [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS), [Atom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(Web_standard)), [RDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF%2FXML) and [JSON Feed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON_Feed).
[Homepage](https://miniflux.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/miniflux)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://miniflux.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://miniflux.app/docs/index.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/miniflux/v2){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://miniflux.app/#donations){ .card-link title=Contribute }
### Newsboat
@ -109,11 +118,9 @@ A [news aggregator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_aggregator) is a way to k
**Newsboat** is an RSS/Atom feed reader for the text console. It's an actively maintained fork of [Newsbeuter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsbeuter). It is very lightweight, and ideal for use over [Secure Shell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell).
[Homepage](https://newsboat.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/newsboat/newsboat)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://newsboat.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://newsboat.org/releases/2.27/docs/newsboat.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/newsboat/newsboat){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
## Social media that supports RSS

View File

@ -17,19 +17,22 @@ If you are currently using an application like Evernote, Google Keep, or Microso
**Joplin** is a free, open-source, and fully-featured note-taking and to-do application which can handle a large number of markdown notes organized into notebooks and tags. It offers E2EE and can sync through Nextcloud, Dropbox, and more. It also offers easy import from Evernote and plain-text notes.
[Website](https://joplinapp.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://joplinapp.org/privacy/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://joplinapp.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://joplinapp.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://joplinapp.org/help/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/laurent22/joplin){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://joplinapp.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://joplinapp.org/#desktop-applications)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://joplinapp.org/#desktop-applications)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://joplinapp.org/#desktop-applications)
- [:fontawesome-brands-firefox-browser: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/joplin-web-clipper/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-chrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/joplin-web-clipper/alofnhikmmkdbbbgpnglcpdollgjjfek)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/joplin/id1315599797)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.cozic.joplin)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/net.cozic.joplin)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/laurent22/joplin)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://joplinapp.org/#desktop-applications){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://joplinapp.org/#desktop-applications){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://joplinapp.org/#desktop-applications){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-firefox-browser:](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/joplin-web-clipper/){ .card-link title=Firefox }
[:fontawesome-brands-chrome:](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/joplin-web-clipper/alofnhikmmkdbbbgpnglcpdollgjjfek){ .card-link title=Chrome }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/joplin/id1315599797){ .card-link title="App Store" }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.cozic.joplin){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/net.cozic.joplin){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
Joplin does not support password/pin protection for the [application itself or individual notes/notebooks](https://github.com/laurent22/joplin/issues/289). Data is still encrypted in transit and at the sync location using your master key.
@ -41,18 +44,21 @@ Joplin does not support password/pin protection for the [application itself or i
Standard Notes is a simple and private notes app that makes your notes easy and available everywhere you are. It features E2EE on every platform, and a powerful desktop experience with themes and custom editors. It has also been [independently audited (PDF)](https://s3.amazonaws.com/standard-notes/security/Report-SN-Audit.pdf).
[Website](https://standardnotes.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://standardnotes.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://standardnotes.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://standardnotes.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/standardnotes){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://standardnotes.com/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://standardnotes.com)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://standardnotes.com)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://standardnotes.com)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1285392450)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.standardnotes)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.standardnotes)
- [:octicons-browser-16: Browser](https://app.standardnotes.com/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/standardnotes)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://standardnotes.com){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://standardnotes.com){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://standardnotes.com){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1285392450){ .card-link title="App Store" }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.standardnotes){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/com.standardnotes){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:octicons-globe-16:](https://app.standardnotes.com/){ .card-link title=Web }
### EteSync Notes
@ -64,15 +70,18 @@ Joplin does not support password/pin protection for the [application itself or i
[etebase](https://docs.etebase.com), which is the foundation of EteSync, can also be used by other apps as a backend to store data end-to-end encrypted (E2EE).
[Website](https://www.etesync.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.etesync.com/tos/#privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.etesync.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.etesync.com/tos/#privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.etesync.com/user-guide/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/etesync){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.etesync.com/contribute/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.etesync.notes)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.etesync.notes)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/etesync-notes/id1533806351)
- [:octicons-browser-16: Browser](https://notes.etesync.com)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/etesync)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.etesync.notes){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.etesync.notes){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/etesync-notes/id1533806351){ .card-link title="App Store" }
[:octicons-globe-16:](https://notes.etesync.com){ .card-link title=Web }
## Local notebooks
@ -84,10 +93,9 @@ Joplin does not support password/pin protection for the [application itself or i
**Org-mode** is a [major mode](https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/elisp/Major-Modes.html) for GNU Emacs. Org-mode is for keeping notes, maintaining TODO lists, planning projects, and authoring documents with a fast and effective plain-text system. Synchronization is possible with [file synchronization](/file-sharing/#file-sync) tools.
[Homepage](https://orgmode.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/emacs/org-mode.git)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://orgmode.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://orgmode.org/manuals.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/emacs/org-mode.git){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://liberapay.com/bzg){ .card-link title=Contribute }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -22,17 +22,20 @@ These password managers store the password database locally.
**KeePassXC** is a community fork of KeePassX, a native cross-platform port of KeePass Password Safe, with the goal to extend and improve it with new features and bugfixes to provide a feature-rich, fully cross-platform and modern open-source password manager.
[Homepage](https://keepassxc.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://keepassxc.org/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://keepassxc.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://keepassxc.org/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://keepassxc.org/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/keepassxreboot/keepassxc){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://keepassxc.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://keepassxc.org/download/#windows)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://keepassxc.org/download/#mac)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://keepassxc.org/download/#linux)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.keepassxc.KeePassXC)
- [:fontawesome-brands-firefox: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/keepassxc-browser)
- [:fontawesome-brands-chrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/keepassxc-browser/oboonakemofpalcgghocfoadofidjkkk)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/keepassxreboot/keepassxc)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://keepassxc.org/download/#windows){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://keepassxc.org/download/#mac){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://keepassxc.org/download/#linux){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.keepassxc.KeePassXC){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
[:fontawesome-brands-firefox:](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/keepassxc-browser){ .card-link title=Firefox }
[:fontawesome-brands-chrome:](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/keepassxc-browser/oboonakemofpalcgghocfoadofidjkkk){ .card-link title=Chrome }
KeePassXC stores its export data as [CSV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values) files. This may mean data loss if you import this file into another password manager. We advise you check each record manually.
@ -44,15 +47,16 @@ KeePassXC stores its export data as [CSV](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-se
**KeePassDX** is a lightweight password manager for Android, allows editing encrypted data in a single file in KeePass format and can fill in the forms in a secure way. [Contributor Pro](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kunzisoft.keepass.pro) allows unlocking cosmetic content and non-standard protocol features, but more importantly, it helps and encourages development.
For more details, we recommend looking at their [FAQ](https://github.com/Kunzisoft/KeePassDX/wiki/FAQ).
[Homepage](https://www.keepassdx.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.keepassdx.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/Kunzisoft/KeePassDX/wiki){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kunzisoft/KeePassDX){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.keepassdx.com/#donation){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kunzisoft.keepass.free)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://www.f-droid.org/packages/com.kunzisoft.keepass.libre)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/Kunzisoft/KeePassDX)
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.kunzisoft.keepass.free){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://www.f-droid.org/packages/com.kunzisoft.keepass.libre){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:fontawesome-brands-github:](https://github.com/Kunzisoft/KeePassDX/releases){ .card-link title=GitHub }
## Cloud Syncing Password Managers
@ -66,21 +70,23 @@ These password managers sync up to a cloud server that may be self-hostable.
**Bitwarden** is a free and open-source password manager. It aims to solve password management problems for individuals, teams, and business organizations. Bitwarden is among the easiest and safest solutions to store all of your logins and passwords while conveniently keeping them synced between all of your devices. If you don't want to use the Bitwarden cloud, you can easily host your own Bitwarden server.
[Website](https://bitwarden.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://bitwarden.com/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://bitwarden.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://bitwarden.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://bitwarden.com/help/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/bitwarden){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://bitwarden.com/download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store: Mac App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/bitwarden/id1352778147)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://bitwarden.com/download)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.bitwarden.desktop)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/bitwarden-password-manager/id1137397744)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.x8bit.bitwarden)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://mobileapp.bitwarden.com/fdroid)
- [:fontawesome-brands-firefox: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/bitwarden-password-manager)
- [:fontawesome-brands-chrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/bitwarden-free-password-m/nngceckbapebfimnlniiiahkandclblb)
- [:fontawesome-brands-edge: Edge](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/jbkfoedolllekgbhcbcoahefnbanhhlh)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/bitwarden)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://bitwarden.com/download){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store:](https://apps.apple.com/app/bitwarden/id1352778147){ .card-link title="Mac App Store" }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://bitwarden.com/download){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.bitwarden.desktop){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/bitwarden-password-manager/id1137397744){ .card-link title="App Store" }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.x8bit.bitwarden){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://mobileapp.bitwarden.com/fdroid){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:fontawesome-brands-firefox:](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/bitwarden-password-manager){ .card-link title=Firefox }
[:fontawesome-brands-chrome:](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/bitwarden-free-password-m/nngceckbapebfimnlniiiahkandclblb){ .card-link title=Chrome }
[:fontawesome-brands-edge:](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/jbkfoedolllekgbhcbcoahefnbanhhlh){ .card-link title=Edge }
### Psono
@ -90,16 +96,18 @@ These password managers sync up to a cloud server that may be self-hostable.
**Psono** is a free and open source password manager from Germany, with a focus on password management for teams. It can be [self-hosted](#password-management-servers). Psono supports secure sharing of passwords, files, bookmarks, and emails. All secrets are protected by a master password.
[Website](https://psono.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://psono.com/privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://psono.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://psono.com/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.psono.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.com/psono){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-firefox: Firefox](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/psono-pw-password-manager)
- [:fontawesome-brands-chrome: Chrome](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/psonopw-password-manager/eljmjmgjkbmpmfljlmklcfineebidmlo)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.psono.psono)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/psono-password-manager/id1545581224)
- [:fontawesome-brands-docker: Dockerhub](https://hub.docker.com/r/psono/psono-client)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://gitlab.com/psono)
[:fontawesome-brands-firefox:](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/psono-pw-password-manager){ .card-link title=Firefox }
[:fontawesome-brands-chrome:](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/psonopw-password-manager/eljmjmgjkbmpmfljlmklcfineebidmlo){ .card-link title=Chrome }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.psono.psono){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/psono-password-manager/id1545581224){ .card-link title="App Store" }
[:fontawesome-brands-docker:](https://hub.docker.com/r/psono/psono-client){ .card-link title="Docker Hub" }
## Password Management Servers
@ -114,12 +122,14 @@ These products are self-hostable synchronization for cloud based password manage
**Vaultwarden** is an alternative implementation of the Bitwarden server API written in Rust and compatible with upstream Bitwarden clients, perfect for self-hosted deployment where running the official resource-heavy service might not be ideal.
[Project Info](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden#readme){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden/wiki){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/sponsors/dani-garcia){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-docker: Dockerhub](https://hub.docker.com/r/vaultwarden/server)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden)
[:fontawesome-brands-docker:](https://hub.docker.com/r/vaultwarden/server){ .card-link title="Docker Hub" }
### Psono Server
@ -127,14 +137,16 @@ These products are self-hostable synchronization for cloud based password manage
![Psono Server logo](assets/img/password-management/psono.svg){ align=right }
Psono provides [extensive documentation](https://doc.psono.com/) for their product. The [web-client](https://doc.psono.com/admin/installation/install-webclient.html#installation-with-docker) for Psono can be self hosted; alternatively, you can choose the the full [Community Edition](https://doc.psono.com/admin/installation/install-server-ce.html) or the [Enterprise Edition](https://doc.psono.com/admin/installation/install-server-ee.html) with additional features.
Psono provides [extensive documentation](https://doc.psono.com/) for their product. The [web-client](https://doc.psono.com/admin/installation/install-webclient.html#installation-with-docker) for Psono can be self-hosted; alternatively, you can choose the the full [Community Edition](https://doc.psono.com/admin/installation/install-server-ce.html) or the [Enterprise Edition](https://doc.psono.com/admin/installation/install-server-ee.html) with additional features.
[Source Code](https://gitlab.com/psono/psono-server){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://psono.com/privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://gitlab.com/psono/psono-server){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://psono.com/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.psono.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.com/psono/psono-server){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-docker: Dockerhub](https://hub.docker.com/r/psono/psono-server)
- [:fontawesome-brands-gitlab: Source](https://gitlab.com/psono/psono-server)
[:fontawesome-brands-docker:](https://hub.docker.com/r/psono/psono-server){ .card-link title="Docker Hub" }
## Minimal Password Managers
@ -148,14 +160,16 @@ These products are minimal password managers that can be used within scripting a
**gopass** is a password manager for the command line written in Go. It works on all major desktop and server operating systems (Linux, macOS, BSD, Windows).
[Homepage](https://www.gopass.pw){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.gopass.pw){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/gopasspw/gopass/tree/master/docs){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/gopasspw/gopass){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/sponsors/dominikschulz){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-windows)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-macos)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-linux)
- [:fontawesome-brands-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-bsd)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/gopasspw/gopass)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-windows){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-macos){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-linux){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-freebsd:](https://www.gopass.pw/#install-bsd){ .card-link title=FreeBSD }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -14,20 +14,23 @@ Get working and collaborating without sharing your documents with a middleman or
**LibreOffice** is a free and open-source office suite with extensive functionality.
[Homepage](https://www.libreoffice.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.libreoffice.org/about-us/privacy/privacy-policy-en/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.libreoffice.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.libreoffice.org/about-us/privacy/privacy-policy-en/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://documentation.libreoffice.org/en/english-documentation/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://www.libreoffice.org/about-us/source-code){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.libreoffice.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/editors/libreoffice/)
- [:pg-openbsd: OpenBSD](https://openports.se/editors/libreoffice)
- [:pg-netbsd: NetBSD](https://pkgsrc.se/misc/libreoffice)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/android-and-ios/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/android-and-ios/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://www.libreoffice.org/about-us/source-code)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/download/){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
[:fontawesome-brands-freebsd:](https://www.freshports.org/editors/libreoffice/){ .card-link title=FreeBSD }
[:pg-openbsd:](https://openports.se/editors/libreoffice){ .card-link title=OpenBSD }
[:pg-netbsd:](https://pkgsrc.se/misc/libreoffice){ .card-link title=NetBSD }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/android-and-ios/){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://www.libreoffice.org/download/android-and-ios/){ .card-link title="App Store" }
### OnlyOffice
@ -37,17 +40,19 @@ Get working and collaborating without sharing your documents with a middleman or
**OnlyOffice** is a cloud-based free and open-source office suite with extensive functionality, including integration with Nextcloud.
[Homepage](https://www.onlyoffice.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://help.onlyoffice.com/products/files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5048502&doc=SXhWMEVzSEYxNlVVaXJJeUVtS0kyYk14YWdXTEFUQmRWL250NllHNUFGbz0_IjUwNDg1MDIi0){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.onlyoffice.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://help.onlyoffice.com/products/files/doceditor.aspx?fileid=5048502&doc=SXhWMEVzSEYxNlVVaXJJeUVtS0kyYk14YWdXTEFUQmRWL250NllHNUFGbz0_IjUwNDg1MDIi0){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://helpcenter.onlyoffice.com/userguides.aspx){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ONLYOFFICE){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx)
- [:fontawesome-brands-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/www/onlyoffice-documentserver/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.onlyoffice.documents)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id944896972)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/ONLYOFFICE)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://www.onlyoffice.com/download-desktop.aspx){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-freebsd:](https://www.freshports.org/www/onlyoffice-documentserver/){ .card-link title=FreeBSD }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.onlyoffice.documents){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id944896972){ .card-link title="App Store" }
## Planning
@ -59,11 +64,10 @@ Get working and collaborating without sharing your documents with a middleman or
**Framadate** is a free and open-source online service for planning an appointment or making a decision quickly and easily. No registration is required.
[Homepage](https://framadate.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-gitlab: Source](https://framagit.org/framasoft/framadate)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://framadate.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://framagit.org/framasoft/framadate/framadate/-/wikis/home){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://framagit.org/framasoft/framadate){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://framadate.org/abc/en/#f-sfs-form){ .card-link title=Contribute }
## Paste services
@ -75,11 +79,10 @@ Get working and collaborating without sharing your documents with a middleman or
**PrivateBin** is a minimalist, open-source online pastebin where the server has zero knowledge of pasted data. Data is encrypted/decrypted in the browser using 256-bit AES. It is the improved version of ZeroBin. There is a [list of instances](https://privatebin.info/directory/).
[Website](https://privatebin.info){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://privatebin.info){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-server-16:](https://privatebin.info/directory/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/FAQ){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
!!! warning
PrivateBin uses JavaScript to handle encryption, so you must trust the provider to the extent that they do not inject any malicious JavaScript to get your private key. Consider self-hosting to mitigate this threat.
@ -92,11 +95,11 @@ Get working and collaborating without sharing your documents with a middleman or
**CryptPad** is a private-by-design alternative to popular office tools. All content is end-to-end encrypted.
[Website](https://cryptpad.fr){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://cryptpad.fr/pad/#/2/pad/view/GcNjAWmK6YDB3EO2IipRZ0fUe89j43Ryqeb4fjkjehE/){ .md-button }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/xwiki-labs/cryptpad)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://cryptpad.fr){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://cryptpad.fr/pad/#/2/pad/view/GcNjAWmK6YDB3EO2IipRZ0fUe89j43Ryqeb4fjkjehE/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.cryptpad.fr/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/xwiki-labs/cryptpad){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://opencollective.com/cryptpad){ .card-link title=Contribute }
!!! warning
CryptPad uses JavaScript to handle encryption, so you must trust the provider to the extent that they do not inject any malicious JavaScript to get your private key. Consider self-hosting to mitigate this threat.
@ -112,17 +115,18 @@ Get working and collaborating without sharing your documents with a middleman or
**Write.as** is a cross-platform, privacy-oriented blogging platform. It's anonymous by default, letting you publish without signing up. If you create an account, it doesn't require any personal information. No ads, distraction-free, and built on a sustainable business model.
[Website](https://write.as){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:pg-tor:](http://writeasw4b635r4o3vec6mu45s47ohfyro5vayzx2zjwod4pjswyovyd.onion){ .md-button } [Privacy Policy](https://write.as/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://write.as){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](http://writeasw4b635r4o3vec6mu45s47ohfyro5vayzx2zjwod4pjswyovyd.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://write.as/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://code.as/writeas){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/writeas/writeas-cli)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://github.com/writeas/writeas-cli)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://github.com/writeas/writeas-cli)
- [:fontawesome-brands-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://write.as/apps)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.abunchtell.writeas)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1531530896)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://code.as/writeas)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://github.com/writeas/writeas-cli){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://github.com/writeas/writeas-cli){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://github.com/writeas/writeas-cli){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.abunchtell.writeas){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1531530896){ .card-link title="App Store" }
## Programming
@ -134,11 +138,14 @@ Get working and collaborating without sharing your documents with a middleman or
**VSCodium** is a free and open-source project featuring binaries of [Visual Studio Code](https://code.visualstudio.com) without Microsoft's branding/telemetry/licensing.
[Homepage](https://vscodium.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://vscodium.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/VSCodium/vscodium/blob/master/DOCS.md){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/VSCodium/vscodium){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://vscodium.com/#install)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://vscodium.com/#install)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://vscodium.com/#install)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/VSCodium/vscodium)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://vscodium.com/#install){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://vscodium.com/#install){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://vscodium.com/#install){ .card-link title=Linux }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -6,11 +6,14 @@ icon: pg/qubes-os
![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right }
**Qubes** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing. Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux, and can run most Linux applications and utilize most of the Linux drivers.
**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing. Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux, and can run most Linux applications and utilize most of the Linux drivers.
[Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:pg-tor:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .md-button } [Privacy Policy](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
!!! info
- [:fontawesome-solid-compact-disc: Disc image](https://www.qubes-os.org/downloads/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/QubesOS)
This page is a work-in-progress. Expect more thorough information on Qubes OS in the future.

View File

@ -14,16 +14,19 @@ icon: material/chat-processing
All communications are E2EE. Contact lists are encrypted using your login PIN and the server does not have access to them. Personal profiles are also encrypted and only shared with contacts who add you.
[Homepage](https://signal.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://signal.org/legal/#privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://signal.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://signal.org/legal/#privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.signal.org/hc/en-us){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/signalapp){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://signal.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://signal.org/download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://signal.org/download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://signal.org/download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.thoughtcrime.securesms)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id874139669)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/signalapp)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://signal.org/download){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://signal.org/download){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://signal.org/download){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.thoughtcrime.securesms){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id874139669){ .card-link title="App Store" }
Signal has minimal metadata when [Sealed Sender](https://signal.org/blog/sealed-sender/) is enabled. The sender address is encrypted along with the message body, and only the recipient address is visible to the server.
@ -43,18 +46,20 @@ The protocol was independently [audited](https://eprint.iacr.org/2016/1013.pdf)
Messages and files shared in private rooms (those which require an invite) are by default E2EE as are 1 to 1 voice and video calls.
[Website](https://element.io/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://element.io/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://element.io/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://element.io/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://element.io/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/vector-im){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://element.io/get-started)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://element.io/get-started)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://element.io/get-started)
- [:octicons-browser-16: Browser](https://app.element.io)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=im.vector.app)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/im.vector.app/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/vector/id1083446067)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/vector-im/element-web)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://element.io/get-started){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://element.io/get-started){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://element.io/get-started){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:octicons-globe-16:](https://app.element.io){ .card-link title=Web }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=im.vector.app){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/im.vector.app/){ .card-link title= F-Droid}
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/vector/id1083446067){ .card-link title="App Store" }
Profile pictures, reactions, and nicknames are not encrypted.
@ -72,13 +77,17 @@ The protocol was independently [audited](https://matrix.org/blog/2016/11/21/matr
**Briar** is an encrypted instant messenger that [connects](https://briarproject.org/how-it-works/) to other clients using the Tor Network. Briar can also connect via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth when in local proximity. Briars local mesh mode can be useful when internet availability is a problem.
[Homepage](https://briarproject.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://briarproject.org/privacy-policy/){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://briarproject.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://briarproject.org/privacy-policy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar/-/wikis/home){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://briarproject.org/){ .card-link title="Donation options are listed on the bottom of the homepage" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.briarproject.briar.android)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/org.briarproject.briar.android)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://code.briarproject.org/briar/briar)
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.briarproject.Briar){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.briarproject.briar.android){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/packages/org.briarproject.briar.android){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
To add a contact on Briar, you must both add each other first. You can either exchange `briar://` links or scan a contacts QR code if they are nearby.
@ -98,17 +107,19 @@ Briar supports perfect forward secrecy by using the Bramble [Handshake](https://
Session utilizes the decentralized [Oxen Service Node Network](https://oxen.io/) to store and route messages. Every encrypted message is routed through three nodes in the Oxen Service Node Network, making it virtually impossible for the nodes to compile meaningful information on those using the network.
[Homepage](https://getsession.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://getsession.org/privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://getsession.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://getsession.org/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://getsession.org/faq){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/oxen-io){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://getsession.org/download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://getsession.org/download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1470168868)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://getsession.org/download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=network.loki.messenger)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://fdroid.getsession.org)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/oxen-io)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://getsession.org/download){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://getsession.org/download){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios:](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1470168868){ .card-link title="App Store" }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://getsession.org/download){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=network.loki.messenger){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://fdroid.getsession.org){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
Session allows for E2EE in one-on-one chats or closed groups which allow for up to 100 members. Open groups have no restriction on the number of members, but are open by design.
@ -143,7 +154,7 @@ Some self-hosted messengers allow you to set up your own server. Self-hosting ca
- Being [forbidden from connecting third-party clients](https://github.com/LibreSignal/LibreSignal/issues/37#issuecomment-217211165) to the centralized network that might provide for greater customization or a better experience. Often defined in Terms and Conditions of usage.
- Poor or no documentation for third-party developers.
- The [ownership](https://web.archive.org/web/20210729191953/https://blog.privacytools.io/delisting-wire/), privacy policy, and operations of the service can change easily when a single entity controls it, potentially compromising the service later on.
- Self hosting requires effort and knowledge of how to set up a service.
- Self-hosting requires effort and knowledge of how to set up a service.
### Federated Networks

View File

@ -13,11 +13,10 @@ Below are a few alternative operating systems, that can be used on routers, Wi-F
**OpenWrt** is an operating system (in particular, an embedded operating system) based on the Linux kernel, primarily used on embedded devices to route network traffic. The main components are the Linux kernel, util-linux, uClibc, and BusyBox. All components have been optimized for size, to be small enough for fitting into the limited storage and memory available in home routers.
[Homepage](https://openwrt.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://git.openwrt.org)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://openwrt.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://openwrt.org/docs/start){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/openwrt/openwrt){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://openwrt.org/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
You can consult OpenWrt's [table of hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) to check if your device is supported.
@ -30,10 +29,9 @@ You can consult OpenWrt's [table of hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) to
pfSense is an open source firewall/router computer software distribution based on FreeBSD. It is installed on a computer to make a dedicated firewall/router for a network and is noted for its reliability and offering features often only found in expensive commercial firewalls. pfSense is commonly deployed as a perimeter firewall, router, wireless access point, DHCP server, DNS server, and VPN endpoint.
[Homepage](https://www.pfsense.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.pfsense.org/privacy.html){ .md-button }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/pfsense)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.pfsense.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.netgate.com/pfsense/en/latest/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/pfsense/pfsense){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.pfsense.org/get-involved/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -21,7 +21,10 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr
DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apples Safari browser.
[Website](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:pg-tor:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .md-button } [Privacy Policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
DuckDuckGo is based in the :flag_us: United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information.
@ -38,7 +41,9 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two other [versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
Startpage has been known to refuse access to those using a VPN service or Tor, so your mileage may vary.
[Website](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/index.php?/Knowledgebase/List){ .card-link title=Documentation}
Startpage is based in the :flag_nl: Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information.
@ -54,9 +59,14 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b
Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics)—it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics), this option is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
Brave Search is based in the :flag_us:. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
Brave Search is based in the :flag_us: United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
## SearXNG
@ -64,12 +74,11 @@ Brave Search is based in the :flag_us:. Their [privacy policy](https://search.br
![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right }
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). There is a [list of public instances](https://searx.space/).
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/searxng/searxng)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from.

View File

@ -12,20 +12,23 @@ These networks are designed to keep your traffic anonymous.
The **Tor** network is a group of volunteer-operated servers that allows people to improve their privacy and security on the Internet. You use the Tor network by connecting through a series of virtual tunnels rather than making a direct connection to the site you're trying to visit, thus allowing both organizations and individuals to share information over public networks without compromising their privacy. Tor is an effective censorship circumvention tool.
[Homepage](https://www.torproject.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:pg-tor:](http://2gzyxa5ihm7nsggfxnu52rck2vv4rvmdlkiu3zzui5du4xyclen53wid.onion){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.torproject.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](http://2gzyxa5ihm7nsggfxnu52rck2vv4rvmdlkiu3zzui5du4xyclen53wid.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://tb-manual.torproject.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitweb.torproject.org/tor.git){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://donate.torproject.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://www.torproject.org/download/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://www.torproject.org/download/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://www.torproject.org/download/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/security/tor)
- [:pg-openbsd: OpenBSD](https://openports.se/net/tor)
- [:pg-netbsd: NetBSD](https://pkgsrc.se/net/tor)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.torproject.torbrowser)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://support.torproject.org/tormobile/tormobile-7/)
- [:fontawesome-brands-android: Android](https://www.torproject.org/download/#android)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://gitweb.torproject.org/tor.git)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://www.torproject.org/download/){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://www.torproject.org/download/){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://www.torproject.org/download/){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-freebsd:](https://www.freshports.org/security/tor){ .card-link title=FreeBSD }
[:pg-openbsd:](https://openports.se/net/tor){ .card-link title=OpenBSD }
[:pg-netbsd:](https://pkgsrc.se/net/tor){ .card-link title=NetBSD }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.torproject.torbrowser){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://support.torproject.org/tormobile/tormobile-7/){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
[:fontawesome-brands-android:](https://www.torproject.org/download/#android){ .card-link title=Android }
## Invisible Internet Project
@ -36,20 +39,22 @@ These networks are designed to keep your traffic anonymous.
**I2P** is a computer network layer that allows applications to send messages to each other pseudonymously and securely. Uses include anonymous Web surfing, chatting, blogging, and file transfers. The software that implements this layer is called an I2P router and a computer running I2P is called an I2P node. The software is free and open-source and is published under multiple licenses.
[Homepage](https://geti2p.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:pg-i2p:](http://i2p-projekt.i2p){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://geti2p.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://geti2p.net/en/faq){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://geti2p.net/en/get-involved/guides/new-developers#getting-the-i2p-code){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://geti2p.net/en/get-involved){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://geti2p.net/en/download#windows)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://geti2p.net/en/download#mac)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://geti2p.net/en/download#unix)
- [:fontawesome-brands-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://www.freshports.org/security/i2p)
- [:pg-openbsd: OpenBSD](https://openports.se/net/i2pd)
- [:pg-netbsd: NetBSD](https://pkgsrc.se/wip/i2pd)
- [:fontawesome-brands-android: Android](https://geti2p.net/en/download#android)
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.i2p.android)
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/app/net.i2p.android.router)
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://geti2p.net/en/get-involved/guides/new-developers#getting-the-i2p-code)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://geti2p.net/en/download#windows){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://geti2p.net/en/download#mac){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://geti2p.net/en/download#unix){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-freebsd:](https://www.freshports.org/security/i2p){ .card-link title=FreeBSD }
[:pg-openbsd:](https://openports.se/net/i2pd){ .card-link title=OpenBSD }
[:pg-netbsd:](https://pkgsrc.se/wip/i2pd){ .card-link title=NetBSD }
[:fontawesome-brands-android:](https://geti2p.net/en/download#android){ .card-link title=Android }
[:fontawesome-brands-google-play:](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.i2p.android){ .card-link title="Google Play" }
[:pg-f-droid:](https://f-droid.org/app/net.i2p.android.router){ .card-link title=F-Droid }
## The Freenet Project
@ -59,16 +64,18 @@ These networks are designed to keep your traffic anonymous.
**Freenet** is a peer-to-peer platform for censorship-resistant communication. It uses a decentralized distributed data store to keep and deliver information, and has a suite of free software for publishing and communicating on the Web without fear of censorship. Both Freenet and some of its associated tools were originally designed by Ian Clarke, who defined Freenet's goal as providing freedom of speech on the Internet with strong anonymity protection.
[Homepage](https://freenetproject.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://freenetproject.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://freenetproject.org/pages/documentation.html){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/freenet/){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://freenetproject.org/pages/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#windows)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#os-x)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#gnulinux-posix)
- [:fontawesome-brands-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#gnulinux-posix)
- [:pg-openbsd: OpenBSD](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#gnulinux-posix)
- [:pg-netbsd: NetBSD](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#gnulinux-posix)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/freenet/)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#windows){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#os-x){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#gnulinux-posix){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:fontawesome-brands-freebsd:](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#gnulinux-posix){ .card-link title=FreeBSD }
[:pg-openbsd:](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#gnulinux-posix){ .card-link title=OpenBSD }
[:pg-netbsd:](https://freenetproject.org/pages/download.html#gnulinux-posix){ .card-link title=NetBSD }
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ When sharing files, it's important to remove associated metadata. Image files co
While there are plenty of metadata removal tools, they typically aren't convenient to use. The guides featured here aim to detail how to integrate metadata removal tools in a simple fashion by utilizing easy-to-access system features.
- [Recommended metadata removal tools :material-arrow-right:](../metadata-removal-tools.md)
- [Recommended metadata removal tools :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](../metadata-removal-tools.md)
## macOS

View File

@ -1,228 +0,0 @@
@font-face {
font-family: 'Bagnard';
src: url("/assets/fonts/bagnard/Bagnard.woff") format("woff");
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Public Sans';
src: url('/assets/fonts/public_sans/PublicSans-Bold.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: bold;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Public Sans';
src: url('/assets/fonts/public_sans/PublicSans-BoldItalic.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: bold;
font-style: italic;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Public Sans';
src: url('/assets/fonts/public_sans/PublicSans-Light.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: 300;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Public Sans';
src: url('/assets/fonts/public_sans/PublicSans-Italic.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: normal;
font-style: italic;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'Public Sans';
src: url('/assets/fonts/public_sans/PublicSans-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'DM Mono';
src: url('/assets/fonts/dm_mono/DMMono-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
@font-face {
font-family: 'DM Mono';
src: url('/assets/fonts/dm_mono/DMMono-Medium.woff2') format('woff2');
font-weight: 500;
font-style: normal;
font-display: swap;
}
/* Define brand */
:root, [data-md-color-scheme="default"] {
--md-primary-fg-color: #FFD06F;
--md-primary-fg-color--light: #ffdd98;
--md-primary-fg-color--dark: #db9d21;
--md-primary-bg-color: rgba(0,0,0,.75);
--md-primary-bg-color--light: rgba(0,0,0,.54);
--md-text-font: "Public Sans", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
--md-code-font: "DM Mono", SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Menlo, monospace;
}
/* Hide shadow under navigation */
.md-header[data-md-state="shadow"],
.md-header--shadow {
box-shadow: none;
}
/* Better contrast link colors */
[data-md-color-scheme="default"] > * {
--md-typeset-a-color: #3C00E0;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] {
--md-typeset-a-color: #CBBDFF;
}
/* Purple buttons */
.md-typeset .md-button {
color: var(--md-typeset-a-color);
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.md-typeset .md-button--primary {
color: white;
background-color: var(--md-typeset-a-color);
border-color: var(--md-typeset-a-color);
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .md-typeset .md-button--primary {
color: var(--md-primary-bg-color);
}
h1, h2, h3, .md-header__topic {
font-family: "Bagnard", serif;
}
/* Recommendation cards */
.md-typeset .admonition.recommendation,
.md-typeset details.recommendation {
border: none;
font-size: inherit;
}
.md-typeset .recommendation > .admonition-title,
.md-typeset .recommendation > summary {
background-color: rgba(43, 155, 70, 0.0);
border: none;
padding-left: 0.6rem;
}
.md-typeset .recommendation > .admonition-title::before,
.md-typeset .recommendation > .admonition-title,
.md-typeset .recommendation > summary::before {
display: none;
}
.md-typeset .recommendation img[align="right"], .md-typeset svg[align="right"] {
width: 150px;
}
.md-typeset .admonition.downloads,
.md-typeset details.downloads {
border: none;
}
.md-typeset .downloads > .admonition-title,
.md-typeset .downloads > summary {
background-color: rgba(43, 155, 70, 0.0);
border: none;
padding-left: 0.6rem;
}
.md-typeset .downloads > .admonition-title::before,
.md-typeset .downloads > .admonition-title,
.md-typeset .downloads > summary::before {
background-color: var( --md-typeset-a-color);
-webkit-mask-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='16' height='16' fill='currentColor' class='bi bi-arrow-down-circle-fill' viewBox='0 0 16 16'%3E%3Cpath d='M16 8A8 8 0 1 1 0 8a8 8 0 0 1 16 0zM8.5 4.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v5.793L5.354 8.146a.5.5 0 1 0-.708.708l3 3a.5.5 0 0 0 .708 0l3-3a.5.5 0 0 0-.708-.708L8.5 10.293V4.5z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
mask-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='16' height='16' fill='currentColor' class='bi bi-arrow-down-circle-fill' viewBox='0 0 16 16'%3E%3Cpath d='M16 8A8 8 0 1 1 0 8a8 8 0 0 1 16 0zM8.5 4.5a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0v5.793L5.354 8.146a.5.5 0 1 0-.708.708l3 3a.5.5 0 0 0 .708 0l3-3a.5.5 0 0 0-.708-.708L8.5 10.293V4.5z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
}
.md-typeset .downloads > summary::after {
right:auto;
}
/* Correct page icon size */
.md-nav__link svg {
width: 22px;
}
/* Un-sticky sidebar without JS */
.no-js .md-sidebar {
align-self: auto;
}
/* Maintain 16:9 aspect ratio on embedded YT videos */
.yt-embed {
position: relative;
width: 100%;
padding-bottom: 56.25%;
height: 0;
}
.yt-embed iframe {
position: absolute;
top:0;
left: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
/* Badge colors */
.pg-purple {
color: #603aa0;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .pg-purple {
color: #af94de;
}
.pg-red {
color: #c0322f;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .pg-red {
color: #ff6c6a;
}
.pg-orange {
color: #ac2f09;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .pg-orange {
color: #e97b5a;
}
.pg-teal {
color: #04756a;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .pg-teal {
color: #8dc6c1;
}
.pg-brown {
color: #8d6e62;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .pg-brown {
color: #b6988c;
}
.pg-blue {
color: #0e66ae;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .pg-blue {
color: #74b9f1;
}
.pg-green {
color: #2e7e31;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .pg-green {
color: #72cd75;
}
.pg-blue-gray {
color: #546d78;
}
[data-md-color-scheme="slate"] .pg-blue-gray {
color: #9ab2bc;
/* Make light/dark mode icon smaller */
label[class="md-header__button md-icon"] svg {
height: 1rem;
width: 1rem;
}

View File

@ -23,14 +23,14 @@ For your convenience, everything we recommend is listed below with a link to the
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](browsers.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](browsers.md)
**Additional Resources:**
<div class="grid cards annotate" markdown>
- ![uBlock Origin logo](assets/img/browsers/ublock_origin.svg){ .twemoji } [uBlock Origin](browsers.md#ublock-origin)
- ![AdGuard logo](assets/img/browsers/adguard.svg){ .twemoji } [AdGuard for Safari](browsers.md#adguard-for-safari)
- ![AdGuard logo](assets/img/browsers/adguard.svg){ .twemoji } [AdGuard for iOS](browsers.md#adguard-for-ios)
- ![Snowflake logo](assets/img/browsers/snowflake.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Snowflake logo](assets/img/browsers/snowflake-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Snowflake](browsers.md#snowflake) (1)
- ![ToS;DR logo](assets/img/browsers/terms_of_service_didnt_read.svg){ .twemoji } [Terms of Service; Didn't Read](browsers.md#terms-of-service-didnt-read) (2)
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ For your convenience, everything we recommend is listed below with a link to the
1. Snowflake does not increase privacy, however it allows you to easily contribute to the Tor network and help people in censored networks achieve better privacy.
2. We do not recommend installing ToS;DR as a browser extension. The same information is provided on their website.
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](browsers.md#additional-resources)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](browsers.md#additional-resources)
## Operating Systems
@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ For your convenience, everything we recommend is listed below with a link to the
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](android.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](android.md)
**Android Apps:**
@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ For your convenience, everything we recommend is listed below with a link to the
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](android.md#general-apps)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](android.md#general-apps)
### Linux
@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ For your convenience, everything we recommend is listed below with a link to the
1. Qubes uses Xen to provide strong sandboxing between multiple Linux virtual machine installations, and can run most Linux applications. [Learn more about Qubes...](qubes.md)
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](linux-desktop.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](linux-desktop.md)
### Router Firmware
@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ For your convenience, everything we recommend is listed below with a link to the
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](router.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](router.md)
## Service Providers
@ -114,26 +114,51 @@ For your convenience, everything we recommend is listed below with a link to the
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](cloud.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](cloud.md)
### DNS
**DNS Providers:**
We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers based on a variety of criteria, such as [Mullvad](https://mullvad.net/en/help/dns-over-https-and-dns-over-tls) and [Quad9](https://quad9.net/) amongst others. We recommend for you to read our pages on DNS before choosing a provider. In many cases, using an alternative DNS provider is not recommended.
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](dns.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](dns.md)
**Encrypted DNS Proxies:**
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![RethinkDNS logo](assets/img/android/rethinkdns.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![RethinkDNS logo](assets/img/android/rethinkdns-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [RethinkDNS](dns.md#rethinkdns)
- ![DNSCloak logo](assets/img/ios/dnscloak.png){ .twemoji } [DNSCloak](dns.md#dnscloak)
- ![dnscrypt-proxy logo](assets/img/dns/dnscrypt-proxy.svg){ .twemoji } [dnscrypt-proxy](dns.md#dnscrypt-proxy)
</div>
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](dns.md#encrypted-dns-proxies)
**Self-hosted Solutions:**
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![AdGuard Home logo](assets/img/dns/adguard-home.svg){ .twemoji } [AdGuard Home](dns.md#adguard-home)
- ![Pi-hole logo](assets/img/dns/pi-hole.svg){ .twemoji } [Pi-hole](dns.md#pi-hole)
</div>
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](dns.md#self-hosted-solutions)
### Email
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![ProtonMail logo](assets/img/email/mini/protonmail.svg){ .twemoji } [ProtonMail](email.md#protonmail)
- ![Proton Mail logo](assets/img/email/protonmail.svg){ .twemoji } [Proton Mail](email.md#protonmail)
- ![Mailbox.org logo](assets/img/email/mini/mailboxorg.svg){ .twemoji } [Mailbox.org](email.md#mailboxorg)
- ![Tutanota logo](assets/img/email/mini/tutanota.svg){ .twemoji } [Tutanota](email.md#tutanota)
- ![StartMail logo](assets/img/email/mini/startmail.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![StartMail logo](assets/img/email/mini/startmail-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [StartMail](email.md#startmail)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](email.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](email.md)
**Email Aliasing Services:**
@ -144,7 +169,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](email.md#email-aliasing-services)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](email.md#email-aliasing-services)
**Self-Hosting Email:**
@ -155,7 +180,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](email.md#self-hosting-email)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](email.md#self-hosting-email)
### Search Engines
@ -168,7 +193,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](search-engines.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](search-engines.md)
### VPN Providers
@ -180,17 +205,17 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
If you're looking for added **security**, you should always ensure you're connecting to websites using HTTPS. A VPN is not a replacement for good security practices.
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](vpn.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](vpn.md)
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Mullvad logo](assets/img/vpn/mini/mullvad.svg){ .twemoji } [Mullvad](vpn.md#mullvad)
- ![ProtonVPN logo](assets/img/vpn/mini/protonvpn.svg){ .twemoji } [ProtonVPN](vpn.md#protonvpn)
- ![Proton VPN logo](assets/img/vpn/protonvpn.svg){ .twemoji } [Proton VPN](vpn.md#protonvpn)
- ![IVPN logo](assets/img/vpn/mini/ivpn.svg){ .twemoji } [IVPN](vpn.md#ivpn)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](vpn.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](vpn.md)
## Software
@ -206,7 +231,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](calendar-contacts.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](calendar-contacts.md)
### Notebooks
@ -219,7 +244,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](notebooks.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](notebooks.md)
### Email Clients
@ -231,12 +256,13 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kontact logo](assets/img/email-clients/kontact.svg){ .twemoji } [Kontact (Linux)](email-clients.md#kontact)
- ![Mailvelope logo](assets/img/email-clients/mailvelope.svg){ .twemoji } [Mailvelope (PGP in standard webmail)](email-clients.md#mailvelope)
- ![K-9 Mail logo](assets/img/email-clients/k9mail.svg){ .twemoji } [K-9 Mail (Android)](email-clients.md#k-9-mail)
- ![FairEmail logo](assets/img/email-clients/fairemail.svg){ .twemoji } [FairEmail (Android)](email-clients.md#fairemail)
- ![Canary Mail logo](assets/img/email-clients/canarymail.svg){ .twemoji } [Canary Mail (iOS)](email-clients.md#canary-mail)
- ![NeoMutt logo](assets/img/email-clients/mutt.svg){ .twemoji } [NeoMutt (CLI)](email-clients.md#neomutt)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](email-clients.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](email-clients.md)
### Encryption Tools
@ -244,7 +270,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
For encrypting your operating system drive, we typically recommend using whichever encryption tool your operating system provides, whether that is **BitLocker** on Windows, **FileVault** on macOS, or **LUKS** on Linux. These tools are included with the operating system and typically utilize hardware encryption elements such as a TPM that other full-disk encryption software like VeraCrypt do not. VeraCrypt is still suitable for non-operating system disks such as external drives, especially drives that may be accessed from multiple operating systems.
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](encryption.md##operating-system-included-full-disk-encryption-fde)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](encryption.md##operating-system-included-full-disk-encryption-fde)
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
@ -257,7 +283,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](encryption.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](encryption.md)
**OpenPGP Clients:**
@ -270,7 +296,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](encryption.md#openpgp)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](encryption.md#openpgp)
### File Sharing
@ -284,7 +310,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](file-sharing.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](file-sharing.md)
### Metadata Removal Tools
@ -299,7 +325,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](metadata-removal-tools.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](metadata-removal-tools.md)
### Multi-Factor Authentication Tools
@ -312,7 +338,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](multi-factor-authentication.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](multi-factor-authentication.md)
### Password Managers
@ -327,7 +353,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](passwords.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](passwords.md)
### Productivity Tools
@ -343,7 +369,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](productivity.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](productivity.md)
### Real-Time Communication
@ -356,23 +382,23 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](real-time-communication.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](real-time-communication.md)
### News Aggregators
<div class="grid cards" markdown>
- ![Fluent Reader](assets/img/news-aggregators/fluent-reader.svg){ .twemoji } [Fluent Reader](news-aggregators.md#fluent-reader)
- ![GNOME Feeds](assets/img/news-aggregators/gfeeds.svg){ .twemoji } [GNOME Feeds](news-aggregators.md#gnome-feeds)
- ![Akregator](assets/img/news-aggregators/akregator.svg){ .twemoji } [Akregator](news-aggregators.md#akregator)
- ![Handy News Reader](assets/img/news-aggregators/handy-news-reader.svg){ .twemoji } [Handy News Reader](news-aggregators.md#handy-news-reader)
- ![NetNewsWire](assets/img/news-aggregators/netnewswire.png){ .twemoji } [NetNewsWire](news-aggregators.md#netnewswire)
- ![Miniflux](assets/img/news-aggregators/miniflux.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Miniflux logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/miniflux-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Miniflux](news-aggregators.md#miniflux)
- ![Newsboat](assets/img/news-aggregators/newsboat.svg){ .twemoji } [Newsboat](news-aggregators.md#newsboat)
- ![Fluent Reader logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/fluent-reader.svg){ .twemoji } [Fluent Reader](news-aggregators.md#fluent-reader)
- ![GNOME Feeds logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/gfeeds.svg){ .twemoji } [GNOME Feeds](news-aggregators.md#gnome-feeds)
- ![Akregator logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/akregator.svg){ .twemoji } [Akregator](news-aggregators.md#akregator)
- ![Feeder logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/feeder.png){ .twemoji} [Feeder](news-aggregators.md#feeder)
- ![NetNewsWire logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/netnewswire.png){ .twemoji } [NetNewsWire](news-aggregators.md#netnewswire)
- ![Miniflux logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/miniflux.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Miniflux logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/miniflux-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Miniflux](news-aggregators.md#miniflux)
- ![Newsboat logo](assets/img/news-aggregators/newsboat.svg){ .twemoji } [Newsboat](news-aggregators.md#newsboat)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](news-aggregators.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](news-aggregators.md)
### Self-Contained Networks
@ -384,7 +410,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](self-contained-networks.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](self-contained-networks.md)
### Video Streaming Clients
@ -396,9 +422,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![NewPipe x SponsorBlock logo](assets/img/video-streaming/newpipe.svg){ .twemoji } [NewPipe x Sponsorblock](video-streaming.md#sponsorblock)
- ![Invidious logo](assets/img/video-streaming/invidious.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Invidious logo](assets/img/video-streaming/invidious-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Invidious (YouTube, Web)](video-streaming.md#invidious)
- ![Piped logo](assets/img/video-streaming/piped.svg){ .twemoji } [Piped (YouTube, Web)](video-streaming.md#piped)
- ![Librarian logo](assets/img/video-streaming/librarian.svg#only-light){ .twemoji }![Librarian logo](assets/img/video-streaming/librarian-dark.svg#only-dark){ .twemoji } [Librarian (LBRY, Web)](video-streaming.md#librarian)
</div>
[Learn more :material-arrow-right:](video-streaming.md)
[Learn more :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](video-streaming.md)
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -16,15 +16,18 @@ The primary threat when using a video streaming platform is that your streaming
By default, FreeTube blocks all YouTube advertisements. In addition, FreeTube optionally integrates with [SponsorBlock](https://sponsor.ajay.app) to help you skip sponsored video segments.
[Homepage](https://freetubeapp.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://freetubeapp.io/privacy.php){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://freetubeapp.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://freetubeapp.io/privacy.php){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.freetubeapp.io/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/FreeTubeApp/FreeTube){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://liberapay.com/FreeTube){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://freetubeapp.io/#download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://freetubeapp.io/#download)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://freetubeapp.io/#download)
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/io.freetubeapp.FreeTube)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/FreeTubeApp/FreeTube/)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://freetubeapp.io/#download){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://freetubeapp.io/#download){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://freetubeapp.io/#download){ .card-link title=Linux }
[:pg-flathub:](https://flathub.org/apps/details/io.freetubeapp.FreeTube){ .card-link title=Flatpak }
!!! Warning
@ -40,14 +43,16 @@ The primary threat when using a video streaming platform is that your streaming
**The LBRY desktop client** helps you stream videos from the LBRY network and stores your subscription list in your own LBRY wallet.
[Website](https://lbry.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://lbry.com/privacypolicy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://lbry.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://lbry.com/privacypolicy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://lbry.com/faq){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/lbryio/lbry-desktop){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://lbry.com/get)
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://lbry.com/osx)
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://lbry.com/linux)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/lbryio)
[:fontawesome-brands-windows:](https://lbry.com/windows){ .card-link title=Windows }
[:fontawesome-brands-apple:](https://lbry.com/osx){ .card-link title=macOS }
[:fontawesome-brands-linux:](https://lbry.com/linux){ .card-link title=Linux }
!!! note
@ -71,12 +76,16 @@ You can disable *Save hosting data to help the LBRY network* option in :gear: **
Your subscription list and playlists are saved locally on your Android device.
[Homepage](https://newpipe.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://newpipe.net/legal/privacy){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://newpipe.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://newpipe.net/legal/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://teamnewpipe.github.io/documentation/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipe){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://newpipe.net/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-android: F-Droid repo](https://newpipe.net/FAQ/tutorials/install-add-fdroid-repo)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipe)
[:pg-f-droid:](https://newpipe.net/FAQ/tutorials/install-add-fdroid-repo){ .card-link title=F-Droid}
[:fontawesome-brands-github:](https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipe/releases){ .card-link title=GitHub }
1. The default instance is [FramaTube](https://framatube.org/), however more can be added via **Settings****Content****PeerTube instances**
@ -94,7 +103,7 @@ You can disable *Save hosting data to help the LBRY network* option in :gear: **
It also has integration with [Return YouTube Dislike](https://returnyoutubedislike.com), and some experimental settings such as the ability to use the built-in player for local playback, an option to force fullscreen on landscape mode, and an option to disable error reporting prompts.
- [github.com/polymorphicshade/NewPipe :material-arrow-right:](https://github.com/polymorphicshade/NewPipe)
- [github.com/polymorphicshade/NewPipe :hero-arrow-circle-right-fill:](https://github.com/polymorphicshade/NewPipe)
This fork is not endorsed by or affiliated with the upstream project. The NewPipe team has [rejected](https://github.com/TeamNewPipe/NewPipe/pull/3205) integration with SponsorBlock and thus this fork is created to provide this functionality.
@ -107,26 +116,27 @@ This fork is not endorsed by or affiliated with the upstream project. The NewPip
![Invidious logo](assets/img/video-streaming/invidious.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Invidious logo](assets/img/video-streaming/invidious-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**Invidious** is a free and open source front end for YouTube that is also self-hostable. There are list of [public instances](https://instances.invidious.io). Some instances have [Tor](https://www.torproject.org) onion services support.
**Invidious** is a free and open source frontend for YouTube that is also self-hostable.
[Website](https://invidious.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](){ .md-button }
There are a number of public instances, with some instances having [Tor](https://www.torproject.org) onion services support.
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-solid-earth-americas: Instances](https://instances.invidious.io)
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/iv-org/invidious)
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://invidious.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-server-16:](https://instances.invidious.io){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.invidious.io/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/iv-org/invidious){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://invidious.io/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
!!! warning
Invidious does not proxy the video stream through its server by default. Videos watched through Invidious will still make direct connections to Google's servers (googlevideo.com); however, some instances support video proxying. This can be enabled by adding `&local=true` to the URL.
Invidious does not proxy video streams by default. Videos watched through Invidious will still make direct connections to Google's servers (e.g. `googlevideo.com`); however, some instances support video proxying—simply enable *Proxy videos* within the instances's settings or add `&local=true` to the URL.
!!! tip
Invidious is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) on the Safest security setting. It does not provide privacy by itself and we dont recommend logging into any accounts.
Invidious is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) on the Safest security level. It does not provide privacy by itself and we dont recommend logging into any accounts.
When self-hosting, it is important that you have other people using your instance as well in order for you to blend in. You should be careful with where and how you are hosting Invidious, as other peoples' usage will be linked to your hosting.
When you are using an Invidious instance, be sure to go read the Privacy Policy of that specific instance. Invidious instances can be modified by their owners and therefore may not reflect their associated privacy policy. Some instances have Tor .onion addresses which may grant some privacy as long as your search queries don't contain PII (Personally Identifiable Information).
When you are using an Invidious instance, make sure to read the privacy policy of that specific instance. Invidious instances can be modified by their owners and therefore may not reflect their associated privacy policy. Some instances have Tor .onion addresses which may grant some privacy as long as your search queries don't contain PII (Personally Identifiable Information).
### Piped
@ -134,15 +144,15 @@ When you are using an Invidious instance, be sure to go read the Privacy Policy
![Piped logo](assets/img/video-streaming/piped.svg){ align=right }
**Piped** is a free and open source front end for YouTube that is also self-hostable. Alternative instances can be selected from "Preferences".
**Piped** is a free and open source frontend for YouTube that is also self-hostable.
Piped requires JavaScript in order to function.
Piped requires JavaScript in order to function and there are a number of public instances.
[Website](https://piped.kavin.rocks/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
??? downloads
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/TeamPiped/Piped)
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/TeamPiped/Piped){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-server-16:](https://piped.kavin.rocks/preferences#ddlInstanceSelection){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
[:octicons-info-16:](https://piped-docs.kavin.rocks/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/TeamPiped/Piped){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/TeamPiped/Piped#donations){ .card-link title=Contribute }
!!! tip
@ -150,6 +160,34 @@ When you are using an Invidious instance, be sure to go read the Privacy Policy
When self-hosting, it is important that you have other people using your instance as well in order for you to blend in. You should be careful with where and how you are hosting Piped, as other peoples' usage will be linked to your hosting.
When you are using a Piped instance, be sure to go read the Privacy Policy of that specific instance. Piped instances can be modified by their owners and therefore may not reflect their associated privacy policy.
When you are using a Piped instance, make sure to read the privacy policy of that specific instance. Piped instances can be modified by their owners and therefore may not reflect their associated privacy policy.
### Librarian
!!! recommendation
![Librarian logo](assets/img/video-streaming/librarian.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Librarian logo](assets/img/video-streaming/librarian-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**Librarian** is a free and open source frontend for the LBRY/Odysee video sharing network that is also self-hostable.
There are a number of public instances, with some instances having [Tor](https://www.torproject.org) onion services support.
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://codeberg.org/librarian/librarian){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-server-16:](https://librarian.codeberg.page/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
[:octicons-info-16:](https://codeberg.org/librarian/librarian/wiki){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://codeberg.org/librarian/librarian){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
!!! warning
Librarian does not proxy video streams by default. Videos watched through Librarian will still make direct connections to Odysee's servers (e.g. `odycdn.com`); however, some instances may enable proxying which would be detailed in the instance's privacy policy.
!!! tip
Librarian is useful if you want watch LBRY content on mobile without mandatory telemetry and if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, as is the case with [Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) on the Safest security level.
When self-hosting, it is important that you have other people using your instance as well in order for you to blend in. You should be careful with where and how you are hosting Librarian, as other peoples' usage will be linked to your hosting.
When you are using a Librarian instance, make sure to read the privacy policy of that specific instance. Librarian instances can be modified by their owners and therefore may not reflect the default policy. Librarian instances feature a "privacy nutrition label" to provide an overview of their policy. Some instances have Tor .onion addresses which may grant some privacy as long as your search queries don't contain PII (Personally Identifiable Information).
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

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@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ Find a no-logging VPN operator who isnt out to sell or read your web traffic.
If you're looking for additional **privacy** from your ISP, on a public Wi-Fi network, or while torrenting files, a VPN may be the solution for you as long as you understand the risks involved.
[More Info](#vpn-overview){ .md-button }
[More Info](basics/vpn-overview.md){ .md-button }
## Recommended Providers
!!! summary "Criteria"
Our recommended providers are outside the US, use encryption, accept Monero, support WireGuard & OpenVPN, and have a no logging policy. Read our [full list of criteria](#our-criteria) for more information.
Our recommended providers use encryption, accept Monero, support WireGuard & OpenVPN, and have a no logging policy. Read our [full list of criteria](#our-criteria) for more information.
### Mullvad
@ -38,7 +38,11 @@ Find a no-logging VPN operator who isnt out to sell or read your web traffic.
**EUR €60/year**
[Website](https://mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:pg-tor:](http://o54hon2e2vj6c7m3aqqu6uyece65by3vgoxxhlqlsvkmacw6a7m7kiad.onion){ .md-button }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:pg-tor:](http://o54hon2e2vj6c7m3aqqu6uyece65by3vgoxxhlqlsvkmacw6a7m7kiad.onion){ .card-link title=Onion }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://mullvad.net/en/help/privacy-policy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://mullvad.net/en/help/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/mullvad){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? check annotate "38 Countries"
@ -90,21 +94,26 @@ Find a no-logging VPN operator who isnt out to sell or read your web traffic.
Mullvad is very transparent about which nodes they [own or rent](https://mullvad.net/en/servers/). They use [ShadowSocks](https://shadowsocks.org/en/index.html) in their ShadowSocks + OpenVPN configuration, making them more resistant against firewalls with [Deep Packet Inspection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_packet_inspection) trying to block VPNs. Supposedly, [China has to use a different method to block ShadowSocks servers](https://github.com/net4people/bbs/issues/22). Mullvad's website is also accessible via Tor at [o54hon2e2vj6c7m3aqqu6uyece65by3vgoxxhlqlsvkmacw6a7m7kiad.onion](http://o54hon2e2vj6c7m3aqqu6uyece65by3vgoxxhlqlsvkmacw6a7m7kiad.onion).
### ProtonVPN
### Proton VPN
!!! recommendation
!!! recommendation annotate
![ProtonVPN logo](assets/img/vpn/protonvpn.svg){ align=right }
![Proton VPN logo](assets/img/vpn/protonvpn.svg){ align=right }
**ProtonVPN** is a strong contender in the VPN space, and they have been in operation since 2016. ProtonVPN is based in Switzerland and offers a limited free pricing tier, as well as premium options. They offer a further 14% discount for buying a 2 year subscription.
**Proton VPN** is a strong contender in the VPN space, and they have been in operation since 2016. Proton AG is based in Switzerland and offers a limited free tier, as well as a more featured premium option.
**Free** - **Basic Plan USD $48/year** - **Plus Plan USD $96/year**
**Free** **Plus Plan USD $71.88/year** (1)
[Website](https://protonvpn.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://protonvpn.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://protonvpn.com/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://protonvpn.com/support/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ProtonVPN){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
1. A further 10% is discounted with a 2-year subscription ($119.76).
??? check annotate "63 Countries"
ProtonVPN has [servers in 63 countries](https://protonvpn.com/vpn-servers) (1). Picking a VPN provider with a server nearest to you will reduce latency of the network traffic you send. This is because of a shorter route (less hops) to the destination.
Proton VPN has [servers in 63 countries](https://protonvpn.com/vpn-servers) (1). Picking a VPN provider with a server nearest to you will reduce latency of the network traffic you send. This is because of a shorter route (less hops) to the destination.
We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).
@ -112,33 +121,33 @@ Find a no-logging VPN operator who isnt out to sell or read your web traffic.
??? check "Independently Audited"
As of January 2020 ProtonVPN has undergone an independent audit by SEC Consult. SEC Consult found some medium and low risk vulnerabilities in ProtonVPN's Windows, Android, and iOS applications, all of which were "properly fixed" by ProtonVPN before the reports were published. None of the issues identified would have provided an attacker remote access to your device or traffic. You can view individual reports for each platform at [protonvpn.com](https://protonvpn.com/blog/open-source/).
As of January 2020 Proton VPN has undergone an independent audit by SEC Consult. SEC Consult found some medium and low risk vulnerabilities in Proton VPN's Windows, Android, and iOS applications, all of which were "properly fixed" by Proton VPN before the reports were published. None of the issues identified would have provided an attacker remote access to your device or traffic. You can view individual reports for each platform at [protonvpn.com](https://protonvpn.com/blog/open-source/).
??? check "Open Source Clients"
ProtonVPN provides the source code for their desktop and mobile clients in their [GitHub organization](https://github.com/ProtonVPN).
Proton VPN provides the source code for their desktop and mobile clients in their [GitHub organization](https://github.com/Proton VPN).
??? check "Accepts Cash"
ProtonVPN, in addition to accepting credit/debit cards and PayPal, accepts Bitcoin, and **cash/local currency** as anonymous forms of payment.
Proton VPN, in addition to accepting credit/debit cards and PayPal, accepts Bitcoin, and **cash/local currency** as anonymous forms of payment.
??? check "WireGuard Support"
ProtonVPN mostly supports the WireGuard® protocol. [WireGuard](https://www.wireguard.com) is a newer protocol that utilizes state-of-the-art [cryptography](https://www.wireguard.com/protocol/). Additionally, WireGuard aims to be simpler and more performant.
Proton VPN mostly supports the WireGuard® protocol. [WireGuard](https://www.wireguard.com) is a newer protocol that utilizes state-of-the-art [cryptography](https://www.wireguard.com/protocol/). Additionally, WireGuard aims to be simpler and more performant.
ProtonVPN [recommends](https://protonvpn.com/blog/wireguard/) the use of WireGuard with their service. On ProtonVPN's Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, ChromeOS, and Android TV apps, WireGuard is the default protocol; however, [support](https://protonvpn.com/support/how-to-change-vpn-protocols/) for the protocol is not present in their Linux app.
Proton VPN [recommends](https://protonvpn.com/blog/wireguard/) the use of WireGuard with their service. On Proton VPN's Windows, macOS, iOS, Android, ChromeOS, and Android TV apps, WireGuard is the default protocol; however, [support](https://protonvpn.com/support/how-to-change-vpn-protocols/) for the protocol is not present in their Linux app.
??? warning "Remote Port Forwarding"
ProtonVPN currently only supports remote [port forwarding](https://protonvpn.com/support/port-forwarding/) on Windows, which may impact some applications. Especially Peer-to-Peer applications like Torrent clients.
Proton VPN currently only supports remote [port forwarding](https://protonvpn.com/support/port-forwarding/) on Windows, which may impact some applications. Especially Peer-to-Peer applications like Torrent clients.
??? check "Mobile Clients"
In addition to providing standard OpenVPN configuration files, ProtonVPN has mobile clients for [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/protonvpn-fast-secure-vpn/id1437005085) and [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ch.protonvpn.android&hl=en_US) allowing for easy connections to their servers. The mobile client on Android is also available in [F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/ch.protonvpn.android), which ensures that it is compiled with [reproducible builds](https://www.f-droid.org/en/2019/05/05/trust-privacy-and-free-software.html).
In addition to providing standard OpenVPN configuration files, Proton VPN has mobile clients for [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/protonvpn-fast-secure-vpn/id1437005085) and [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ch.protonvpn.android&hl=en_US) allowing for easy connections to their servers. The mobile client on Android is also available in [F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/ch.protonvpn.android), which ensures that it is compiled with [reproducible builds](https://www.f-droid.org/en/2019/05/05/trust-privacy-and-free-software.html).
??? info "Additional Functionality"
ProtonVPN have their own servers and datacenters in Switzerland, Iceland and Sweden. They offer adblocking and known malware domains blocking with their DNS service. Additionally, ProtonVPN also offers "Tor" servers allowing you to easily connect to onion sites, but we still strongly recommend using [the official Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) for this purpose.
Proton VPN have their own servers and datacenters in Switzerland, Iceland and Sweden. They offer adblocking and known malware domains blocking with their DNS service. Additionally, Proton VPN also offers "Tor" servers allowing you to easily connect to onion sites, but we still strongly recommend using [the official Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/) for this purpose.
### IVPN
@ -148,9 +157,12 @@ Find a no-logging VPN operator who isnt out to sell or read your web traffic.
**IVPN** is another premium VPN provider, and they have been in operation since 2009. IVPN is based in Gibraltar.
**Standard USD $60/year** - **Pro USD $100/year**
**Standard USD $60/year** **Pro USD $100/year**
[Website](https://www.ivpn.net/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.ivpn.net/){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.ivpn.net/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.ivpn.net/knowledgebase/general/){ .card-link title=Documentation}
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/ivpn){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
??? check annotate "32 Countries"
@ -188,7 +200,7 @@ Find a no-logging VPN operator who isnt out to sell or read your web traffic.
??? info "Additional Functionality"
IVPN clients support two factor authentication (Mullvad and ProtonVPN clients do not). IVPN also provides "[AntiTracker](https://www.ivpn.net/antitracker)" functionality, which blocks advertising networks and trackers from the network level.
IVPN clients support two factor authentication (Mullvad and Proton VPN clients do not). IVPN also provides "[AntiTracker](https://www.ivpn.net/antitracker)" functionality, which blocks advertising networks and trackers from the network level.
## Our Criteria
@ -198,19 +210,6 @@ Find a no-logging VPN operator who isnt out to sell or read your web traffic.
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the providers we recommend. This allows us to provide completely objective recommendations.** We have developed a clear set of requirements for any VPN provider wishing to be recommended, including strong encryption, independent security audits, modern technology, and more. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing a VPN provider, and conduct your own research to ensure the VPN provider you choose is as trustworthy as possible.
### Jurisdiction
Operating outside the five/nine/fourteen-eyes countries is not a guarantee of privacy necessarily, and there are other factors to consider. However, we believe that avoiding these countries is important if you wish to avoid mass government dragnet surveillance, especially from the United States.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Operating outside the USA or other Five Eyes countries.
**Best Case:**
- Operating outside the USA or other Fourteen Eyes countries.
- Operating inside a country with strong consumer protection laws.
### Technology
We require all our recommended VPN providers to provide OpenVPN configuration files to be used in any client. **If** a VPN provides their own custom client, we require a killswitch to block network data leaks when disconnected.
@ -280,7 +279,7 @@ With the VPN providers we recommend we like to see responsible marketing.
**Minimum to Qualify:**
- Must self host analytics (no Google Analytics etc). The provider's site must also comply with [DNT (Do Not Track)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Not_Track) for people who want to opt-out.
- Must self-host analytics (no Google Analytics etc). The provider's site must also comply with [DNT (Do Not Track)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do_Not_Track) for people who want to opt-out.
Must not have any marketing which is irresponsible:
@ -301,78 +300,4 @@ Responsible marketing that is both educational and useful to the consumer could
While not strictly requirements, there are some factors we looked into when determining which providers to recommend. These include adblocking/tracker-blocking functionality, warrant canaries, multihop connections, excellent customer support, the number of allowed simultaneous connections, etc.
## VPN Overview
### Should I use a VPN?
**Yes**, unless you are already using Tor. A VPN does 2 things: shifting the risks from your Internet Service Provider to itself and hiding your IP from a third party service.
VPNs cannot encrypt data outside of the connection between your device and the VPN server. VPN providers can see and modify your traffic the same way your ISP could. And there is no way to verify a VPN provider's "no logging" policies in any way.
However, they do hide your actual IP from a third party service, provided that there are no IP leaks. They help you blend in with others and mitigate IP based tracking.
### What about encryption?
Encryption offered by VPN providers are between your devices and their servers. It guarantees that this specific link is secure. This is a step up from using unencrypted proxies where an adversary on the network can intercept the communications between your devices and said proxies and modify them. However, encryption between your apps or browsers with the service providers are not handled by this encryption.
In order to keep what you actually do on the websites you visit private and secure, you must use HTTPS. This will keep your passwords, session tokens, and queries safe from the VPN provider. Consider enabling "HTTPS everywhere" in your browser to mitigate downgrade attacks like [SSL Strip](https://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-dc-09/Marlinspike/BlackHat-DC-09-Marlinspike-Defeating-SSL.pdf).
### Should I use encrypted DNS with a VPN?
Unless your VPN provider hosts the encrypted DNS servers, **no**. Using DOH/DOT (or any other form of encrypted DNS) with third party servers will simply add more entities to trust, and does **absolutely nothing** to improve your privacy/security. Your VPN provider can still see which websites you visit based on the IP addresses and other methods. Instead of just trusting your VPN provider, you are now trusting both the VPN provider and the DNS provider.
A common reason to recommend encrypted DNS is that it helps against DNS spoofing. However, your browser should already be checking for [TLS certificates](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_Layer_Security#Digital_certificates) with **HTTPS** and warn you about it. If you are not using **HTTPS**, then an adversary can still just modify anything other than your DNS queries and the end result will be little different.
Needless to say, **you shouldn't use encrypted DNS with Tor**. This would direct all of your DNS requests through a single circuit, and would allow the encrypted DNS provider to deanonymize you.
### Should I use Tor *and* a VPN?
By using a VPN with Tor, you're creating essentially a permanent entry node, often with a money trail attached. This provides zero additional benefit to you, while increasing the attack surface of your connection dramatically. If you wish to hide your Tor usage from your ISP or your government, Tor has a built-in solution for that: Tor bridges. [Read more about Tor bridges and why using a VPN is not necessary](https://web.archive.org/web/20210116140725/https://write.privacytools.io/my-thoughts-on-security/slicing-onions-part-2-onion-recipes-vpn-not-required).
### What if I need anonymity?
VPNs cannot provide anonymity. Your VPN provider will still see your real IP address, and often has a money trail that can be linked directly back to you. You cannot rely on "no logging" policies to protect your data. Use [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) instead.
### What about VPN providers that provides Tor nodes?
Do not use that feature. The point of using Tor is that you do not trust your VPN provider. Currently Tor only supports the [TCP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol) protocol. [UDP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol) (used in [WebRTC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebRTC) for voice and video sharing, the new [http3/QUIC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP/3) protocol, etc), [ICMP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol) and other packets will be dropped. To compensate for this, VPN providers typically will route all non TCP packets through their VPN server (your first hop). This is the case with [ProtonVPN](https://protonvpn.com/support/tor-vpn/). Additionally, when using this Tor over VPN setup, you do not have control over other important Tor features such as [Isolated Destination Address](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Stream_Isolation) (using a different Tor circuit for every domain you visit).
Thus, this feature should be viewed as a convenient way to access the Tor Network, not to stay annonymous. For true anonimity, use the Tor Browser Bundle, TorSocks, or a Tor gateway.
### When are VPNs useful?
A VPN may still be useful to you in a variety of scenarios, such as:
1. Hiding your traffic from **only** your Internet Service Provider.
2. Hiding your downloads (such as torrents) from your ISP and anti-piracy organizations.
3. Hiding your IP from third party websites and services, preventing IP based tracking.
For use cases like these, or if you have another compelling reason, the VPN providers we listed above are who we think are the most trustworthy. However, using a VPN provider still means you're *trusting* the provider. In pretty much any other scenario you should be using a secure**-by-design** tool such as Tor.
### Sources and Further Reading
1. [VPN - a Very Precarious Narrative](https://schub.io/blog/2019/04/08/very-precarious-narrative.html) by Dennis Schubert
2. [The self-contained networks](self-contained-networks.md) recommended by Privacy Guides are able to replace a VPN that allows access to services on local area network
3. [Slicing Onions: Part 1 Myth-busting Tor](https://medium.com/privacyguides/slicing-onions-part-1-myth-busting-tor-9ec188ae1904) by blacklight447
4. [Slicing Onions: Part 2 Onion recipes; VPN not required](https://web.archive.org/web/20210116140725/https://write.privacytools.io/my-thoughts-on-security/slicing-onions-part-2-onion-recipes-vpn-not-required) by blacklight447
5. [IVPN Privacy Guides](https://www.ivpn.net/privacy-guides)
6. ["Do I need a VPN?"](https://www.doineedavpn.com), a tool developed by IVPN to challenge aggressive VPN marketing by helping individuals decide if a VPN is right for them.
## Related VPN information
- [The Trouble with VPN and Privacy Review Sites](https://medium.com/privacyguides/the-trouble-with-vpn-and-privacy-review-sites-ae9b29eda8fd)
- [Proxy.sh VPN Provider Sniffed Server Traffic to Catch Hacker](https://torrentfreak.com/proxy-sh-vpn-provider-monitored-traffic-to-catch-hacker-130930/)
- [blackVPN announced to delete connection logs after disconnection](https://medium.com/@blackVPN/no-logs-6d65d95a3016)
- [Don't use LT2P IPSec, use other protocols.](https://gist.github.com/kennwhite/1f3bc4d889b02b35d8aa)
- [Free VPN App Investigation](https://www.top10vpn.com/free-vpn-app-investigation/)
- [Hidden VPN owners unveiled: 101 VPN products run by just 23 companies](https://vpnpro.com/blog/hidden-vpn-owners-unveiled-97-vpns-23-companies/)
- [This Chinese company is secretly behind 24 popular apps seeking dangerous permissions](https://vpnpro.com/blog/chinese-company-secretly-behind-popular-apps-seeking-dangerous-permissions/)
## VPN Related breaches - why external auditing is important
- ["Zero logs" VPN exposes millions of logs including user passwords, claims data is anonymous](https://www.comparitech.com/blog/vpn-privacy/ufo-vpn-data-exposure/) July 2020
- [NordVPN HTTP POST bug exposed customer information, no authentication required](https://www.zdnet.com/article/nordvpn-http-post-bug-exposed-sensitive-customer-information/) March 2020
- [Row erupts over who to blame after NordVPN says: One of our servers was hacked via remote management tool](https://www.theregister.com/2019/10/21/nordvpn_security_issue/) October 2019
- [VPN servers seized by Ukrainian authorities weren't encrypted and allowed authorities to impersonate Windscribe servers and capture and decrypt traffic passing through them](https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2021/07/vpn-servers-seized-by-ukrainian-authorities-werent-encrypted/) July 2021
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"

View File

@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
*[2FA]: 2-Factor Authentication
*[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge
*[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project
*[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment
*[AVB]: Android Verified Boot
*[CLI]: Command Line Interface
*[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values
@ -22,6 +23,7 @@
*[GPS]: Global Positioning System
*[GUI]: Graphical User Interface
*[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation)
*[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive
*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password
*[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
*[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol
@ -40,6 +42,8 @@
*[MAC]: Media Access Control
*[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier
*[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication
*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express
*[OCI]: Open Container Initiative
*[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol
*[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer
*[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers
@ -57,6 +61,7 @@
*[SMS]: Short Message Service (standard text messaging)
*[SMTP]: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
*[SNI]: Server Name Indication
*[SSD]: Solid-State Drive
*[SSH]: Secure Shell
*[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software)
*[SoC]: System on Chip

View File

@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ extra:
feedback:
title: Was this page helpful?
ratings:
- icon: material/emoticon-happy-outline
- icon: hero/emoji-happy
name: This page was helpful
data: Helpful
note: Thanks for your feedback!
- icon: material/emoticon-sad-outline
- icon: hero/emoji-sad
name: This page could be improved
data: Needs Improvement
note: Thanks for your feedback! Help us improve this page by opening a <a href="https://github.com/orgs/privacyguides/discussions" target=_blank>discusson on GitHub</a>.
@ -43,14 +43,13 @@ extra:
link: https://github.com/privacyguides
name: GitHub
repo_url: https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org
repo_name: privacyguides.org
repo_name: ""
edit_uri: edit/main/docs/
theme:
name: material
custom_dir: theme
logo: assets/logo.svg
favicon: assets/img/layout/favicon.ico
favicon: assets/brand/PNG/Favicon/favicon-32x32.png
icon:
repo: fontawesome/brands/github
font: false
@ -64,19 +63,23 @@ theme:
scheme: default
accent: deep purple
toggle:
icon: octicons/moon-16
icon: hero/sun
name: Switch to dark mode
- media: "(prefers-color-scheme: dark)"
scheme: slate
accent: deep purple
accent: amber
toggle:
icon: octicons/sun-16
icon: hero/moon
name: Switch to light mode
watch:
- theme
- includes
plugins:
- minify:
minify_html: true
htmlmin_opts:
remove_comments: true
- i18n:
default_language: en
material_alternate: true
@ -89,12 +92,18 @@ plugins:
- git-revision-date-localized:
exclude:
- index.en.md
- rss:
match_path: "blog/.*"
pretty_print: true
date_from_meta:
as_creation: "created"
datetime_format: "%Y-%m-%d"
- privacy:
externals_exclude:
- cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/*
- api.privacyguides.net/*
extra_css:
- stylesheets/extra.css
- assets/stylesheets/extra.css?v=2.10.0
markdown_extensions:
- admonition
- pymdownx.details
@ -133,8 +142,8 @@ markdown_extensions:
toc_depth: 4
extra_javascript:
- javascripts/mathjax.js
- javascripts/feedback.js
- assets/javascripts/mathjax.js
- assets/javascripts/feedback.js
nav:
- Home: 'index.md'
@ -145,6 +154,9 @@ nav:
- 'basics/account-deletion.md'
- 'basics/multi-factor-authentication.md'
- 'basics/dns.md'
- 'basics/erasing-data.md'
- 'basics/email-security.md'
- 'basics/vpn-overview.md'
- 'Android':
- 'android/overview.md'
- 'android/grapheneos-vs-calyxos.md'
@ -192,4 +204,10 @@ nav:
- 'about/privacy-policy.md'
- 'Donate': '/about/donate/'
- 'Discussions': 'https://github.com/orgs/privacyguides/discussions'
- 'Blog': 'https://blog.privacyguides.org/'
- 'Blog':
- '2022':
- '"Move Fast and Break Things"': 'blog/2022/04/04/move-fast-and-break-things.md'
- '2021':
- 'Firefox Privacy: 2021 Update': 'blog/2021/12/01/firefox-privacy-2021-update.md'
- 'Virtual Insanity': 'blog/2021/11/01/virtual-insanity.md'
- 'Welcome to Privacy Guides': 'blog/2021/09/14/welcome-to-privacy-guides.md'

View File

@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2020 Refactoring UI Inc.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.

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