mirror of
https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org.git
synced 2025-07-04 02:22:38 +00:00
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.github/workflows/crowdin.yml
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.github/workflows/crowdin.yml
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@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
|
||||
uses: actions/checkout@v3
|
||||
|
||||
- name: crowdin action
|
||||
uses: crowdin/github-action@1.4.8
|
||||
uses: crowdin/github-action@1.4.9
|
||||
with:
|
||||
upload_sources: true
|
||||
upload_sources_args: '--auto-update --delete-obsolete'
|
||||
|
BIN
docs/assets/img/account-deletion/exposed_passwords.png
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docs/assets/img/browsers/brave.svg
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docs/assets/img/browsers/brave.svg
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|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
||||
<svg version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 128 128" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><defs><linearGradient id="a" x2="235.8" y1="119.6" y2="119.6" gradientTransform="scale(.9229 1.084)" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse"><stop stop-color="#F50" offset="0"/><stop stop-color="#F50" offset=".4099"/><stop stop-color="#FF2000" offset=".582"/><stop stop-color="#FF2000" offset="1"/></linearGradient><linearGradient id="c" x1="11.3" x2="100.5" y1="46.23" y2="46.23" gradientTransform="scale(1.981 .5049)" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse"><stop stop-color="#FF452A" offset="0"/><stop stop-color="#FF2000" offset="1"/></linearGradient><path id="b" d="m170.3 25.34-22.3-25.34h-78.34l-22.3 25.34s-19.58-5.447-28.83 3.813c0 0 26.11-2.36 35.09 12.26 0 0 24.21 4.63 27.47 4.63s10.34-2.724 16.86-4.902c6.528-2.179 10.88-2.195 10.88-2.195s4.352 0.016 10.88 2.195c6.528 2.178 13.6 4.902 16.86 4.902s27.47-4.63 27.47-4.63c8.976-14.62 35.09-12.26 35.09-12.26-9.248-9.26-28.83-3.813-28.83-3.813"/></defs><g transform="matrix(.50101 0 0 .50101 9.4745 .0060121)" fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="m210 61.28 5.984-14.71s-7.616-8.17-16.86-17.43c-9.248-9.259-28.83-3.812-28.83-3.812l-22.3-25.34h-78.34l-22.3 25.34s-19.58-5.447-28.83 3.813-16.86 17.43-16.86 17.43l5.984 14.71-7.616 21.79s22.4 84.95 25.02 95.32c5.168 20.42 8.704 28.32 23.39 38.67s41.34 28.32 45.7 31.05c4.352 2.724 9.792 7.363 14.69 7.363s10.34-4.64 14.69-7.363 31.01-20.7 45.7-31.05 18.22-18.25 23.39-38.67c2.624-10.37 25.02-95.32 25.02-95.32z" fill="url(#a)"/><path d="m164 41.4s28.69 34.72 28.69 42.14c0 7.421-3.608 9.38-7.237 13.24l-21.51 22.87c-2.036 2.164-6.273 5.445-3.78 11.35 2.492 5.905 6.168 13.42 2.08 21.04-4.089 7.62-11.09 12.71-15.58 11.87-4.489-0.842-15.03-6.357-18.9-8.876-3.876-2.52-16.16-12.66-16.16-16.54s12.7-10.85 15.04-12.43c2.347-1.583 13.05-7.712 13.27-10.12 0.219-2.406 0.136-3.111-3.022-9.055s-8.845-13.88-7.898-19.15c0.946-5.277 10.12-8.02 16.66-10.5 6.545-2.474 19.15-7.148 20.72-7.875 1.575-0.727 1.168-1.42-3.601-1.872-4.768-0.452-18.3-2.251-24.4-0.548-6.1 1.702-16.52 4.293-17.37 5.667-0.844 1.373-1.589 1.42-0.722 6.158 0.867 4.739 5.33 27.48 5.764 31.52 0.433 4.039 1.28 6.709-3.068 7.705-4.35 0.995-11.67 2.724-14.19 2.724s-9.838-1.729-14.19-2.724c-4.35-0.996-3.503-3.666-3.07-7.705 0.434-4.039 4.898-26.78 5.765-31.52s0.122-4.785-0.722-6.158c-0.844-1.374-11.27-3.965-17.37-5.667-6.1-1.703-19.63 0.096-24.4 0.548-4.769 0.453-5.176 1.145-3.602 1.872 1.575 0.727 14.18 5.4 20.72 7.875 6.546 2.475 15.72 5.22 16.66 10.5 0.946 5.278-4.741 13.21-7.899 19.15-3.158 5.944-3.241 6.65-3.022 9.055s10.92 8.534 13.27 10.12 15.04 8.552 15.04 12.43c0 3.882-12.28 14.03-16.16 16.54-3.876 2.52-14.42 8.034-18.9 8.876-4.488 0.84-11.49-4.246-15.58-11.87-4.089-7.621-0.412-15.14 2.08-21.04 2.491-5.905-1.745-9.186-3.78-11.35l-21.51-22.87c-3.629-3.858-7.237-5.817-7.237-13.24 0-7.422 28.69-42.14 28.69-42.14s24.21 4.63 27.47 4.63 10.34-2.724 16.86-4.902c6.528-2.179 10.88-2.195 10.88-2.195s4.352 0.016 10.88 2.195c6.528 2.178 13.6 4.902 16.86 4.902s27.47-4.63 27.47-4.63zm-21.51 132.8c1.775 1.113 0.692 3.212-0.925 4.357-1.618 1.145-23.36 18-25.47 19.86-2.11 1.864-5.21 4.94-7.318 4.94s-5.209-3.076-7.318-4.94c-2.11-1.863-23.85-18.72-25.47-19.86s-2.7-3.244-0.925-4.357c1.777-1.113 7.333-3.922 15-7.894 7.665-3.972 17.22-7.349 18.71-7.349s11.04 3.377 18.71 7.349 13.22 6.781 15 7.894z" fill="#fff"/><use width="100%" height="100%" fill="url(#c)" xlink:href="#b"/></g></svg>
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 3.4 KiB |
@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: "Web Browsers"
|
||||
icon: octicons/browser-16
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- HTML5
|
||||
- JavaScript
|
||||
---
|
||||
These are our current web browser recommendations and settings. We recommend keeping extensions to a minimum: they have privileged access within your browser, require you to trust the developer, can make you [stand out](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_fingerprint#Browser_fingerprint), and [weaken](https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/g/chromium-extensions/c/0ei-UCHNm34/m/lDaXwQhzBAAJ) site isolation.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -57,51 +54,128 @@ These are our current web browser recommendations and settings. We recommend kee
|
||||
|
||||
#### Recommended Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
Tor Browser is the only way to truly browse the internet anonymously. When you use Firefox we recommend changing the following settings to protect your privacy from certain parties, but all browsers other than Tor will be traceable by *somebody* in some regard or another.
|
||||
|
||||
These options can be found in :material-menu: → **Settings** → **Privacy & Security**.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Enhanced Tracking Protection (ETP)
|
||||
##### Enhanced Tracking Protection
|
||||
|
||||
- Select **Strict**
|
||||
- [x] Select **Strict** Enhanced Tracking Protection
|
||||
|
||||
This protects you by blocking social media trackers, fingerprinting scripts (note that this does not protect you from *all* fingerprinting), cryptominers, cross-site tracking cookies, and some other tracking content. ETP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to have minimal to no impact on site usability.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Sanitize on Close
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to stay logged in to particular sites, you can allow exceptions in **Cookies and Site Data** → **Manage Exceptions...**
|
||||
|
||||
- Select **Delete cookies and site data when Firefox is closed**
|
||||
- [x] Check **Delete cookies and site data when Firefox is closed**
|
||||
|
||||
##### Disable Search Suggestions
|
||||
This protects you from persistent cookies, but does not protect you against cookies acquired during any one browsing session. When this is enabled, it becomes possible to easily cleanse your browser cookies by simply restarting Firefox. You can set exceptions on a per-site basis, if you wish to stay logged in to a particular site you visit often.
|
||||
|
||||
- Clear **Suggestions from the web**
|
||||
- Clear **Suggestions from sponsors**
|
||||
- Clear **Improve the Firefox Suggest experience**
|
||||
##### Search Suggestions
|
||||
|
||||
- [ ] Disable **Suggestions from the web**
|
||||
- [ ] Disable **Suggestions from sponsors**
|
||||
- [ ] Disable **Improve the Firefox Suggest experience**
|
||||
|
||||
Search suggestion features may not be available in your region.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Disable Telemetry
|
||||
Search suggestions send everything you type in the address bar to the default search engine, regardless of whether you submit an actual search. Disabling search suggestions allows you to more precisely control what data you send to your search engine provider.
|
||||
|
||||
- Clear **Allow Firefox to send technical and interaction data to Mozilla**
|
||||
- Clear **Allow Firefox to install and run studies**
|
||||
- Clear **Allow Firefox to send backlogged crash reports on your behalf**
|
||||
##### Telemetry
|
||||
|
||||
- [ ] Uncheck **Allow Firefox to send technical and interaction data to Mozilla**
|
||||
- [ ] Uncheck **Allow Firefox to install and run studies**
|
||||
- [ ] Uncheck **Allow Firefox to send backlogged crash reports on your behalf**
|
||||
|
||||
> Firefox sends data about your Firefox version and language; device operating system and hardware configuration; memory, basic information about crashes and errors; outcome of automated processes like updates, safebrowsing, and activation to us. When Firefox sends data to us, your IP address is temporarily collected as part of our server logs.
|
||||
|
||||
##### HTTPS-Only Mode
|
||||
|
||||
- Select **Enable HTTPS-Only Mode in all windows**
|
||||
- [x] Select **Enable HTTPS-Only Mode in all windows**
|
||||
|
||||
This prevents you from unintentionally connecting to a website in plain-text HTTP. Sites without HTTPS are uncommon nowadays, so this should have little to no impact on your day to day browsing.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Sync
|
||||
|
||||
The [Firefox Sync](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/11/firefox-sync-privacy/) service uses E2EE.
|
||||
[Firefox Sync](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2018/11/firefox-sync-privacy/) allows your browsing data (history, bookmarks, etc.) to be accessible on all your devices and protects it with E2EE.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Extensions
|
||||
|
||||
We generally do not recommend installing any extensions as they increase your attack surface; however, if you want content blocking, [uBlock Origin](#additional-resources) might be useful to you. The extension is also a :trophy: [Recommended Extension](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/add-on-badges#w_recommended-extensions) by Mozilla.
|
||||
We generally do not recommend installing any extensions as they increase your attack surface. However, if you want content blocking, [uBlock Origin](#additional-resources) might be useful to you. The extension is also a :trophy: [Recommended Extension](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/add-on-badges#w_recommended-extensions) by Mozilla.
|
||||
|
||||
#### Arkenfox (advanced)
|
||||
|
||||
The [Arkenfox project](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js) provides a set of carefully considered options for Firefox. These options are quite strict but a few are subjective and may cause some websites to not work properly. You can easily change these settings to suit your needs. We **strongly recommend** reading through their [wiki](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki). Arkenfox also enables [container](https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/containers#w_for-advanced-users) support.
|
||||
The [Arkenfox project](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js) provides a set of carefully considered options for Firefox. If you [decide](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/1.1-To-Arkenfox-or-Not) to use Arkenfox, a [few options](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.2-Overrides-[Common]) are subjectively strict and/or may cause some websites to not work properly - [which you can easily change](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.1-Overrides) to suit your needs. We **strongly recommend** reading through their full [wiki](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki). Arkenfox also enables [container](https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/containers#w_for-advanced-users) support.
|
||||
|
||||
### Brave
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
**Brave** is built upon the Chromium browser, featuring a built in ad blocker and some [privacy features](https://brave.com/privacy-features/) enabled by default.
|
||||
|
||||
We only recommend Brave as a desktop browser. There are better [alternatives](#mobile-browser-recommendations) on mobile platforms.
|
||||
|
||||
[Visit Homepage](https://brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://brave.com/privacy/browser/){ .md-button }
|
||||
|
||||
??? downloads
|
||||
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://laptop-updates.brave.com/latest/winx64)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-apple: macOS](https://laptop-updates.brave.com/latest/osxarm64)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://brave.com/linux/#linux)
|
||||
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/com.brave.Browser)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/brave/brave-browse)
|
||||
|
||||
#### Recommended Configuration
|
||||
|
||||
##### Shields
|
||||
|
||||
Brave has privacy options such as ad and tracker blocking. It also includes some anti fingerprinting features in the [Shields](https://support.brave.com/hc/en-us/articles/360022973471-What-is-Shields-) component. We suggest configuring these options [globally](https://support.brave.com/hc/en-us/articles/360023646212-How-do-I-configure-global-and-site-specific-Shields-settings-) across all pages that you visit.
|
||||
|
||||
We recommend setting *Aggressive* which can be found in :material-menu: **Settings** → **Shields** → **Trackers & ads blocking**.
|
||||
|
||||
We also suggest changing the fingerprinting blocker to *Strict* in :material-menu: **Settings** → **Shields** → **Fingerprint blocking**. You can always downgrade it if you need to on a per-site basis.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Social media blocking
|
||||
|
||||
Disable social media components in :material-menu: **Settings** → **Social media blocking**.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Privacy and Security
|
||||
|
||||
There are a few options in here you may want to change:
|
||||
|
||||
- Set the [*WebRTC IP Handling Policy*](https://support.brave.com/hc/en-us/articles/360017989132-How-do-I-change-my-Privacy-Settings-#webrtc) to *Disable Non-Proxied UDP* in :material-menu: **Settings** → **Privacy and Security**.
|
||||
- [ ] Uncheck **Allow privacy-preserving product analytics (P3A)**
|
||||
- [ ] Uncheck **Automatically send daily usage ping to Brave**
|
||||
- Enable *Always use secure connections* in :material-menu: **Settings** → **Privacy and Security** → **Security**.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Sanitizing on close
|
||||
|
||||
Select all items in *Clear browsing data* except for *Site and Shields Settings* in :material-menu: **Settings** → **Privacy and Security** → **Clear browsing data** → **On exit**.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Extensions
|
||||
|
||||
Disable the extensions you do not use in :material-menu: **Settings** → **Extensions**
|
||||
|
||||
- [ ] Uncheck **Hangouts**
|
||||
- [ ] Uncheck **Private window with Tor**
|
||||
- [ ] Uncheck **WebTorrent**
|
||||
|
||||
Brave is **not** as resistant to fingerprinting as the Tor Browser and far fewer people use Brave with Tor, so you will stand out. Where [strong anonymity is required](https://support.brave.com/hc/en-us/articles/360018121491-What-is-a-Private-Window-with-Tor-Connectivity-) use the [Tor Browser](#tor-browser).
|
||||
|
||||
##### IPFS
|
||||
|
||||
InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) is a decentralized peer-to-peer network for storing and sharing data in a distributed filesystem. Unless you use it set *Method to resolve IPFS resources* to *Disabled* in :material-menu: **Settings** → **IPFS**.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Background apps
|
||||
|
||||
Disable background apps in :material-menu: **Settings** → **Additional settings** → **System** → **Continue running apps when Brave is closed**.
|
||||
|
||||
## Mobile Browser Recommendations
|
||||
|
||||
Firefox on Android is still less secure than Chromium-based alternatives: Mozilla's engine [GeckoView](https://mozilla.github.io/geckoview/) has yet to support [site isolation](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2021/05/introducing-firefox-new-site-isolation-security-architecture) or enable [isolatedProcess](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1565196).
|
||||
Firefox on Android is still less secure than Chromium-based alternatives: Mozilla's engine, [GeckoView](https://mozilla.github.io/geckoview/), has yet to support [site isolation](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2021/05/introducing-firefox-new-site-isolation-security-architecture) or enable [isolatedProcess](https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1565196).
|
||||
|
||||
On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple.com/app-store/review/guidelines) to using an Apple-provided [WebKit framework](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/webkit), so there is little reason to use a third-party web browser.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -117,7 +191,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple.
|
||||
|
||||
??? downloads
|
||||
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-android: Android](https://www.bromite.org/fdroid)
|
||||
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://www.bromite.org/fdroid) ([Neo Store](/android/#neo-store) users can enable the *Bromite repository* in :material-dots-vertical: → **Repositories**)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/bromite/bromite)
|
||||
|
||||
These options can be found in :material-menu: → :gear: **Settings** → **Privacy and Security**.
|
||||
@ -126,13 +200,15 @@ These options can be found in :material-menu: → :gear: **Settings** → **Priv
|
||||
|
||||
##### HTTPS-Only Mode
|
||||
|
||||
- Select **Always use secure connections**
|
||||
- [x] Select **Always use secure connections**
|
||||
|
||||
This prevents you from unintentionally connecting to a website in plain-text HTTP. The HTTP protocol is extremely uncommon nowadays, so this should have little to no impact on your day to day browsing.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Always-on Incognito Mode
|
||||
|
||||
- Select **Open links in incognito tabs always**
|
||||
- Select **Close all open tabs on exit**
|
||||
- Select **Open external links in incognito**
|
||||
- [x] Select **Open links in incognito tabs always**
|
||||
- [x] Select **Close all open tabs on exit**
|
||||
- [x] Select **Open external links in incognito**
|
||||
|
||||
### Safari
|
||||
|
||||
@ -150,33 +226,39 @@ These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy a
|
||||
|
||||
##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention
|
||||
|
||||
Enable WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp).
|
||||
- [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking**
|
||||
|
||||
- Select **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** to enable
|
||||
This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Privacy Report
|
||||
|
||||
Privacy Report provides a snapshot of cross-site trackers currently prevented from profiling you on the website you're visiting. It can also display a weekly report to show which trackers have been blocked over time.
|
||||
|
||||
Privacy Report is accessible through the "**Aa**" icon in the URL bar.
|
||||
Privacy Report is accessible through the "**aA**" icon in the URL bar.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Privacy Preserving Ad Measurement
|
||||
|
||||
This is WebKit's own [implementation](https://webkit.org/blog/8943/privacy-preserving-ad-click-attribution-for-the-web/) of privacy preserving ad click attribution. If you do not wish to participate, you can disable this feature.
|
||||
- [ ] Disable **Privacy Preserving Ad Measurement**
|
||||
|
||||
- Select **Privacy Preserving Ad Measurement**
|
||||
Ad click measurement has traditionally used tracking technology that infringes on user privacy. [Private Click Measurement](https://webkit.org/blog/11529/introducing-private-click-measurement-pcm/) is a WebKit feature and proposed web standard aimed towards allowing advertisers to measure the effectiveness of web campaigns without compromising on user privacy.
|
||||
|
||||
The feature has little privacy concerns on its own, so while you can choose to leave it on, we consider the fact that it's automatically disabled in Private Browsing to be an indicator for disabling the feature.
|
||||
|
||||
##### Apple Pay
|
||||
|
||||
If you do not use Apple Pay, you can toggle off the ability for websites to check for it.
|
||||
|
||||
- Select **Check for Apple Pay**
|
||||
- [ ] Disable **Allow websites to check for Apple Pay and Apple Card**
|
||||
|
||||
##### Always-on Private Browsing
|
||||
|
||||
Open Safari and press the tabs icon in the bottom right corner. Open Tab Groups, located in the bottom middle.
|
||||
Open Safari and tap the Tabs button, located in the bottom right. Then, expand the Tab Groups list.
|
||||
|
||||
- Select **Private**
|
||||
- [x] Select **Private**
|
||||
|
||||
Safari's Private Browsing mode offers additional privacy protections. Private Browsing uses a new [ephemeral](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/urlsessionconfiguration/1410529-ephemeral) session for each tab, meaning tabs are isolated from one another. There are also other smaller privacy benefits with Private Browsing, such as not sending a webpage’s address to Apple when using Safari's translation feature.
|
||||
|
||||
Do note that Private Browsing does not save cookies and website data, so it won't be possible to remain signed into sites. This may be an inconvenience.
|
||||
|
||||
##### iCloud Sync
|
||||
|
||||
@ -263,6 +345,6 @@ Running a Snowflake proxy is low-risk, even moreso than running a Tor relay or b
|
||||
|
||||
[Website](https://tosdr.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/terms-of-service-didnt-read/privacy){ .md-button }
|
||||
|
||||
We do not recommend installing ToS;DR as a browser extension. The same information is provided on their website.
|
||||
We do not recommend installing ToS;DR as a browser extension; the same information is also provided on their website.
|
||||
|
||||
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"
|
||||
|
@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
|
||||
title: "Cloud Storage"
|
||||
icon: material/file-cloud
|
||||
---
|
||||
If you are currently using a Cloud Storage Service like Dropbox, Google Drive, Microsoft OneDrive or Apple iCloud, you are putting complete trust in your service provider to not look at your files.
|
||||
If you are currently using a Cloud Storage Service like Dropbox, Google Drive, Microsoft OneDrive, or Apple iCloud, you are putting complete trust in your service provider to not look at your files.
|
||||
|
||||
Trust your provider by using an alternative below that supports E2EE.
|
||||
Eliminate the need for trust in your provider by using an alternative below that supports E2EE.
|
||||
|
||||
### Nextcloud
|
||||
## Nextcloud
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ Trust your provider by using an alternative below that supports E2EE.
|
||||
|
||||
We recommend checking if your Nextcloud provider supports E2EE, otherwise you have to trust the provider to not look at your files.
|
||||
|
||||
When self hosting Nextcloud, you should also remember to enable E2EE to protect against your hosting provider from snooping on your data.
|
||||
When self hosting Nextcloud, you should also enable E2EE to protect against your hosting provider snooping on your data.
|
||||
|
||||
### Proton Drive
|
||||
## Proton Drive
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -51,14 +51,14 @@ Proton Drive is currently in beta and only is only available through a web clien
|
||||
|
||||
When using a web client, you are placing trust in the server to send you proper JavaScript code to derive the decryption key and authentication token locally in your browser. A compromised server can send you malicious JavaScript code to steal your master password and decrypt your data. If this does not fit your [threat model](threat-modeling.md), consider using an alternative.
|
||||
|
||||
### Cryptee
|
||||
## Cryptee
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
**Cryptee** is an encrypted, secure photo storage service, and an encrypted documents editor to write personal docs, notes, journals, store files & more.
|
||||
**Cryptee** is an encrypted, secure photo storage service, and an encrypted documents editor.
|
||||
|
||||
[Website](https://crypt.ee){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://crypt.ee/privacy){ .md-button }
|
||||
|
||||
@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ When using a web client, you are placing trust in the server to send you proper
|
||||
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/cryptee/web-client)
|
||||
|
||||
### Tahoe-LAFS
|
||||
## Tahoe-LAFS
|
||||
|
||||
!!! note
|
||||
|
||||
@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ When using a web client, you are placing trust in the server to send you proper
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
**Tahoe-LAFS** is a free and open decentralized cloud storage system. It distributes your data across multiple servers. Even if some of the servers fail or are taken over by an attacker, the entire file store continues to function correctly, preserving your privacy and security. The servers used as storage pools do not have access to your data.
|
||||
**Tahoe-LAFS** is a free, open, and decentralized cloud storage system. It distributes your data across multiple servers. Even if some of the servers fail or are taken over by an attacker, the entire file store continues to function correctly, preserving your privacy and security. The servers used as storage pools do not have access to your data.
|
||||
|
||||
[Homepage](https://www.tahoe-lafs.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -11,14 +11,13 @@ icon: material/dns
|
||||
|
||||
## Recommended Providers
|
||||
|
||||
| DNS Provider | Privacy Policy | Type | Protocols | Logging | ECS | Filtering |
|
||||
| ------------ | -------------- | ---- | --------- | ------- | --- | --------- |
|
||||
| [**AdGuard**](https://adguard.com/en/adguard-dns/overview.html) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://adguard.com/en/privacy/dns.html) | Commercial | Cleartext <br> DoH <br> DoT <br> DNSCrypt | Some[^1] | No | Based on server choice. Filter list being used can be found here. [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardDNS)
|
||||
| [**Cloudflare**](https://developers.cloudflare.com/1.1.1.1/setting-up-1.1.1.1/) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://developers.cloudflare.com/1.1.1.1/privacy/public-dns-resolver/) | Commercial | Cleartext <br> DoH <br> DoT | Some[^2] | No | Based on server choice.|
|
||||
| [**ControlD**](https://controld.com) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://controld.com/privacy) | Commercial | Cleartext <br> DoH <br> DoT | Optional[^3] | No | Based on server choice. |
|
||||
| [**MullvadDNS**](https://mullvad.net/en/help/dns-over-https-and-dns-over-tls) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://mullvad.net/en/help/no-logging-data-policy/) | Commercial | DoH <br> DoT | No[^4] | No | Based on server choice. Filter list being used can be found here. [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://github.com/mullvad/dns-adblock)
|
||||
| [**NextDNS**](https://www.nextdns.io) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://www.nextdns.io/privacy) | Commercial | Cleartext <br> DoH <br> DoT <br> DNSCrypt | Optional[^5] | Optional | Based on server choice. |
|
||||
| [**Quad9**](https://quad9.net) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://quad9.net/privacy/policy/) | Non-Profit | Cleartext <br> DoH <br> DoT <br> DNSCrypt | Some[^6] | Optional | Based on server choice, Malware blocking by default. |
|
||||
| DNS Provider | Privacy Policy | Protocols | Logging | ECS | Filtering |
|
||||
| ------------ | -------------- | --------- | ------- | --- | --------- |
|
||||
| [**AdGuard**](https://adguard.com/en/adguard-dns/overview.html) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://adguard.com/en/privacy/dns.html) | Cleartext <br> DoH <br> DoT <br> DNSCrypt | Some[^1] | No | Based on server choice. Filter list being used can be found here. [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardDNS)
|
||||
| [**Cloudflare**](https://developers.cloudflare.com/1.1.1.1/setting-up-1.1.1.1/) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://developers.cloudflare.com/1.1.1.1/privacy/public-dns-resolver/) | Cleartext <br> DoH <br> DoT | Some[^2] | No | Based on server choice.|
|
||||
| [**MullvadDNS**](https://mullvad.net/en/help/dns-over-https-and-dns-over-tls) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://mullvad.net/en/help/no-logging-data-policy/) | DoH <br> DoT | No[^4] | No | Based on server choice. Filter list being used can be found here. [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://github.com/mullvad/dns-adblock)
|
||||
| [**NextDNS**](https://www.nextdns.io) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://www.nextdns.io/privacy) | Cleartext <br> DoH <br> DoT <br> DNSCrypt | Optional[^5] | Optional | Based on server choice. |
|
||||
| [**Quad9**](https://quad9.net) | [:octicons-link-external-24:](https://quad9.net/privacy/policy/) | Cleartext <br> DoH <br> DoT <br> DNSCrypt | Some[^6] | Optional | Based on server choice, Malware blocking by default. |
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: AdGuard stores aggregated performance metrics of their DNS servers, namely the number of complete requests to a particular server, the number of blocked requests, and the speed of processing requests. They also keep and store the database of domains requested in within last 24 hours. "We need this information to identify and block new trackers and threats." "We also log how many times this or that tracker has been blocked. We need this information to remove outdated rules from our filters." [https://adguard.com/en/privacy/dns.html](https://adguard.com/en/privacy/dns.html)
|
||||
[^2]: Cloudflare collects and stores only the limited DNS query data that is sent to the 1.1.1.1 resolver. The 1.1.1.1 resolver service does not log personal data, and the bulk of the limited non-personally identifiable query data is stored only for 25 hours. [https://developers.cloudflare.com/1.1.1.1/privacy/public-dns-resolver/](https://developers.cloudflare.com/1.1.1.1/privacy/public-dns-resolver/)
|
||||
@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ After installation of either a configuration profile or an app that utilizes the
|
||||
|
||||
#### Signed Profiles
|
||||
|
||||
Apple does not provide a native interface for creating encrypted DNS profiles. [Secure DNS profile creator](https://dns.notjakob.com/tool.html) is an unofficial tool for creating your own encrypted DNS profiles, however they will not be signed. Signed profiles are preferred; signing validates a profile's origin and helps to ensure the integrity of the profiles. A green "Verified" label is given to signed configuration profiles. For more information on code signing, see [About Code Signing](https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Security/Conceptual/CodeSigningGuide/Introduction/Introduction.html). **Signed profiles** are offered by [AdGuard](https://adguard.com/en/blog/encrypted-dns-ios-14.html), [ControlD](https://kb.controld.com/en/tutorials), [NextDNS](https://apple.nextdns.io), [Quad9](https://www.quad9.net/news/blog/ios-mobile-provisioning-profiles/).
|
||||
Apple does not provide a native interface for creating encrypted DNS profiles. [Secure DNS profile creator](https://dns.notjakob.com/tool.html) is an unofficial tool for creating your own encrypted DNS profiles, however they will not be signed. Signed profiles are preferred; signing validates a profile's origin and helps to ensure the integrity of the profiles. A green "Verified" label is given to signed configuration profiles. For more information on code signing, see [About Code Signing](https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Security/Conceptual/CodeSigningGuide/Introduction/Introduction.html). **Signed profiles** are offered by [AdGuard](https://adguard.com/en/blog/encrypted-dns-ios-14.html), [NextDNS](https://apple.nextdns.io), and [Quad9](https://www.quad9.net/news/blog/ios-mobile-provisioning-profiles/).
|
||||
|
||||
#### iOS/iPadOS
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
|
||||
|
||||
[Real-time Communication](real-time-communication.md){ .md-button }
|
||||
|
||||
### Thunderbird
|
||||
## Thunderbird
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
|
||||
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.mozilla.Thunderbird)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://hg.mozilla.org/comm-central)
|
||||
|
||||
### Apple Mail
|
||||
## Apple Mail
|
||||
|
||||
!!! note
|
||||
|
||||
@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
|
||||
|
||||
[Website](https://support.apple.com/guide/mail/welcome/mac){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/en-ww/){ .md-button }
|
||||
|
||||
### GNOME Evolution
|
||||
## GNOME Evolution
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
|
||||
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.gnome.Evolution)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-gitlab: Source](https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/evolution)
|
||||
|
||||
### Kontact
|
||||
## Kontact
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
|
||||
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.kde.kontact)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://invent.kde.org/pim/kmail)
|
||||
|
||||
### Mailvelope
|
||||
## Mailvelope
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-edge: Edge](https://microsoftedge.microsoft.com/addons/detail/mailvelope/dgcbddhdhjppfdfjpciagmmibadmoapc)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/mailvelope/mailvelope)
|
||||
|
||||
### K-9 Mail
|
||||
## K-9 Mail
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
|
||||
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/com.fsck.k9)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/k9mail)
|
||||
|
||||
### FairEmail
|
||||
## FairEmail
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
|
||||
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/packages/eu.faircode.email/)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/M66B/FairEmail)
|
||||
|
||||
### Canary Mail
|
||||
## Canary Mail
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encry
|
||||
|
||||
Canary Mail is closed source. We recommend it, due to the few choices there are for email clients on iOS that support PGP E2EE.
|
||||
|
||||
### NeoMutt
|
||||
## NeoMutt
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ For everything else, we recommend a variety of email providers based on sustaina
|
||||
|
||||
When using E2EE technology like OpenPGP, email will still have some metadata that is not encrypted in the header of the email. Read more about email metadata.
|
||||
|
||||
OpenPGP also does not support Forward secrecy, which means if either your or the recipient's private key is ever stolen, all previous messages encrypted with it will be exposed. How do I protect my private keys?
|
||||
OpenPGP also does not support Forward secrecy, which means if either your or the recipient's private key is ever stolen, all previous messages encrypted with it will be exposed. [How do I protect my private keys?](email.md#how-do-i-protect-my-private-keys)
|
||||
|
||||
## Recommended Email Providers
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Truecrypt has been [audited a number of times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tru
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
**Cryptomator** makes it easy for you to upload files to the cloud in a virtual encrypted file system.
|
||||
**Cryptomator** is an encryption solution designed for privately saving files to any cloud provider. It allows you to create vaults that are stored on a virtual drive, the contents of which are encrypted and synced with your cloud storage provider.
|
||||
|
||||
[Homepage](https://cryptomator.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Privacy Policy](https://cryptomator.org/privacy){ .md-button }
|
||||
|
||||
@ -49,11 +49,15 @@ Truecrypt has been [audited a number of times](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tru
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-linux: Linux](https://cryptomator.org/downloads)
|
||||
- [:pg-flathub: Flatpak](https://flathub.org/apps/details/org.cryptomator.Cryptomator)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-google-play: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.cryptomator)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-android: F-Droid repo](https://cryptomator.org/android)
|
||||
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://cryptomator.org/android)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-app-store-ios: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/cryptomator-2/id1560822163)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-github: Source](https://github.com/cryptomator)
|
||||
|
||||
Some of the Cryptomator Crypto Libraries have been [audited](https://cryptomator.org/open-source/) by [Cure53](https://cryptomator.org/audits/2017-11-27%20crypto%20cure53.pdf). The scope of those libraries included [cryptolib](https://github.com/cryptomator/cryptolib), [cryptofs](https://github.com/cryptomator/cryptofs), [siv-mode](https://github.com/cryptomator/siv-mode) and [cryptomator-objc-cryptor](https://github.com/cryptomator/cryptomator-objc-cryptor). It did not include [cryptolib-swift](https://github.com/cryptomator/cryptolib-swift) which is now used on iOS.
|
||||
Cryptomator utilizes AES-256 encryption to encrypt both files and filenames. Cryptomator cannot encrypt some metadata such as access, modification, and creation timestamps, nor the number and size of files and folders.
|
||||
|
||||
Some Cryptomator cryptographic libraries have been [audited](https://community.cryptomator.org/t/has-there-been-a-security-review-audit-of-cryptomator/44) by Cure53. The scope of the audited libraries include: [cryptolib](https://github.com/cryptomator/cryptolib), [cryptofs](https://github.com/cryptomator/cryptofs), [siv-mode](https://github.com/cryptomator/siv-mode) and [cryptomator-objc-cryptor](https://github.com/cryptomator/cryptomator-objc-cryptor). The audit did not extend to [cryptolib-swift](https://github.com/cryptomator/cryptolib-swift), which is a library used by Cryptomator for iOS.
|
||||
|
||||
Cryptomator's documentation details its intended [security target](https://docs.cryptomator.org/en/latest/security/security-target/), [security architecture](https://docs.cryptomator.org/en/latest/security/architecture/), and [best practices](https://docs.cryptomator.org/en/latest/security/best-practices/) for use in further detail.
|
||||
|
||||
### Picocrypt
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your frien
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
Magic Wormhole is a package that provides a library and a command-line tool named wormhole, which makes it possible to get arbitrary-sized files and directories (or short pieces of text) from one computer to another. Their motto: "Get things from one computer to another, safely.
|
||||
**Magic Wormhole** is a package that provides a library and a command-line tool named wormhole, which makes it possible to get arbitrary-sized files and directories (or short pieces of text) from one computer to another. Their motto: "Get things from one computer to another, safely.
|
||||
|
||||
[Homepage](https://magic-wormhole.readthedocs.io){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
|
||||
@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your frien
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
**FreedomBox** is a operating system designed to be run on a [single-board computer (SBC)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-board_computer). The purpose is to make it easy to set up server applications that you might want to selfhost.
|
||||
**FreedomBox** is an operating system designed to be run on a [single-board computer (SBC)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-board_computer). The purpose is to make it easy to set up server applications that you might want to selfhost.
|
||||
|
||||
[Homepage](https://freedombox.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
|
||||
@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your frien
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
**Syncthing** replaces proprietary sync and cloud services with something open, trustworthy, and decentralized. Your data is your data alone and you deserve to choose where it is stored, if it is shared with some third-party, and how it is transmitted over the Internet.
|
||||
**Syncthing** is an open-source peer-to-peer continuous file synchronization utility. It is used to synchronize files between two or more devices over the local network or the internet. Syncthing does not use a centralized server; it uses the [Block Exchange Protocol](https://docs.syncthing.net/specs/bep-v1.html#bep-v1) to transfer data between devices. All data is encrypted using TLS.
|
||||
|
||||
[Homepage](https://syncthing.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ It is often believed that [open source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-sourc
|
||||
At the moment, desktop GNU/Linux does have some areas that could be better improved when compared to their proprietary counterparts, e.g:
|
||||
|
||||
- A verified boot chain, unlike Apple’s [Secure Boot](https://support.apple.com/guide/security/startup-security-utility-secc7b34e5b5/web) (with [Secure Enclave](https://support.apple.com/guide/security/secure-enclave-sec59b0b31ff/1/web/1)), Android’s [Verified Boot](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot) or Microsoft Windows’s [boot process](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/information-protection/secure-the-windows-10-boot-process) with [TPM](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/information-protection/tpm/how-windows-uses-the-tpm). These features and hardware technologies can all help prevent persistent tampering by malware or [evil maid attacks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evil_Maid_attack)
|
||||
- Strong sandboxing solution such as that found in [MacOS](https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Security/Conceptual/AppSandboxDesignGuide/AboutAppSandbox/AboutAppSandbox.html), [ChromeOS](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/docs/+/HEAD/sandboxing.md), and [Android](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox). Commonly used Linux sandboxing solutions such as [Flatpak](https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/sandbox-permissions.html) and [Firejail](https://firejail.wordpress.com/) still have a long way to go
|
||||
- Strong sandboxing solution such as that found in [macOS](https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Security/Conceptual/AppSandboxDesignGuide/AboutAppSandbox/AboutAppSandbox.html), [ChromeOS](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/docs/+/HEAD/sandboxing.md), and [Android](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox). Commonly used Linux sandboxing solutions such as [Flatpak](https://docs.flatpak.org/en/latest/sandbox-permissions.html) and [Firejail](https://firejail.wordpress.com/) still have a long way to go
|
||||
- Strong [exploit mitigations](https://madaidans-insecurities.github.io/linux.html#exploit-mitigations)
|
||||
|
||||
Despite these drawbacks, desktop GNU/Linux distributions are great if you want to:
|
||||
@ -28,13 +28,9 @@ For frozen distributions, package maintainers are expected to backport patches t
|
||||
|
||||
We don’t believe holding packages back and applying interim patches is a good idea, as it diverges from the way the developer might have intended the software to work. [Richard Brown](https://rootco.de/aboutme/) has a presentation about this:
|
||||
|
||||
<iframe width="100%" style="height:50vh"
|
||||
src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/i8c0mg_mS7U"
|
||||
title="Regular Releases are Wrong, Roll for your life"
|
||||
frameborder="0"
|
||||
allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
|
||||
allowfullscreen>
|
||||
</iframe>
|
||||
<div class="yt-embed">
|
||||
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/i8c0mg_mS7U" title="Regular Releases are Wrong, Roll for your life" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
## Traditional vs Atomic updates
|
||||
|
||||
@ -46,13 +42,9 @@ A transactional update system creates a snapshot that is made before and after a
|
||||
|
||||
The Atomic update method is used for immutable distributions like Silverblue, Tumbleweed, and NixOS and can achieve reliability with this model. [Adam Šamalík](https://twitter.com/adsamalik) provided a presentation on how `rpm-ostree` works with Silverblue:
|
||||
|
||||
<iframe width="100%" style="height:50vh"
|
||||
src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/-hpV5l-gJnQ"
|
||||
title="Let's try Fedora Silverblue — an immutable desktop OS! - Adam Šamalik"
|
||||
frameborder="0"
|
||||
allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
|
||||
allowfullscreen>
|
||||
</iframe>
|
||||
<div class="yt-embed">
|
||||
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/-hpV5l-gJnQ" title="Let's try Fedora Silverblue — an immutable desktop OS! - Adam Šamalik" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
## “Security-focused” distributions
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
|
||||
title: Application Sandboxing
|
||||
icon: octicons/apps-16
|
||||
---
|
||||
Some sandboxing solutions for desktop Linux distributions do exist, however they are not as strict as those found in MacOS or ChromeOS. Applications installed from the package manager (`dnf`, `apt`, etc.) typically have **no** sandboxing or confinement whatsoever. Below are a few projects that aim to solve this problem:
|
||||
Some sandboxing solutions for desktop Linux distributions do exist, however they are not as strict as those found in macOS or ChromeOS. Applications installed from the package manager (`dnf`, `apt`, etc.) typically have **no** sandboxing or confinement whatsoever. Below are a few projects that aim to solve this problem:
|
||||
|
||||
### Flatpak
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ Joplin does not support password/pin protection for the [application itself or i
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
**Org-mode** is a [major mode](https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/elisp/Major-Modes.html) for GNU Emacs. Org-mode is for keeping notes, maintaining TODO lists, planning projects, and authoring documents with a fast and effective plain-text system. Synchronization is possible with [file synchronization](/software/file-sharing/#sync) tools.
|
||||
**Org-mode** is a [major mode](https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/elisp/Major-Modes.html) for GNU Emacs. Org-mode is for keeping notes, maintaining TODO lists, planning projects, and authoring documents with a fast and effective plain-text system. Synchronization is possible with [file synchronization](/file-sharing/#file-sync) tools.
|
||||
|
||||
[Homepage](https://orgmode.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ These products are minimal password managers that can be used within scripting a
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
**gopass** is a password manager for the command line written in Go. It works on all major desktop and server operating systems (Linux, MacOS, BSD, Windows).
|
||||
**gopass** is a password manager for the command line written in Go. It works on all major desktop and server operating systems (Linux, macOS, BSD, Windows).
|
||||
|
||||
[Homepage](https://www.gopass.pw){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -2,10 +2,6 @@
|
||||
title: "Qubes OS"
|
||||
icon: pg/qubes-os
|
||||
---
|
||||
Qubes OS is a distribution of Linux that uses [Xen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xen) to provide app isolation.
|
||||
|
||||
### Qubes OS
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ icon: material/router-wireless
|
||||
---
|
||||
Below are a few alternative operating systems, that can be used on routers, Wi-Fi access points etc.
|
||||
|
||||
### OpenWrt
|
||||
## OpenWrt
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Below are a few alternative operating systems, that can be used on routers, Wi-F
|
||||
|
||||
You can consult OpenWrt's [table of hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) to check if your device is supported.
|
||||
|
||||
### pfSense
|
||||
## pfSense
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ The recommendations here are based on the merits of each service's privacy polic
|
||||
|
||||
Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider.
|
||||
|
||||
### DuckDuckGo
|
||||
## DuckDuckGo
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ DuckDuckGo is based in the :flag_us: United States. Their [privacy policy](https
|
||||
|
||||
DuckDuckGo offers two other [versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript/) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their [Tor onion address](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/) by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
|
||||
|
||||
### Startpage
|
||||
## Startpage
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Startpage is based in the :flag_nl: Netherlands. According to their [privacy pol
|
||||
|
||||
Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't believe that to be an issue as they have an distinctly separate [privacy policy](https://system1.com/terms/privacy-policy). The Privacy Guides team reached out to Startpage [back in 2020](https://web.archive.org/web/20210118031008/https://blog.privacytools.io/relisting-startpage/) to clear up any concerns with System1's sizeable investment into the service. We were satisfied with the answers we received.
|
||||
|
||||
### Mojeek
|
||||
## Mojeek
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b
|
||||
|
||||
The company is based in the :flag_gb: UK. According to their [Privacy Policy](https://www.mojeek.com/about/privacy/), they log the originating country, time, page requested, and referral data of each query. IP addresses are not logged.
|
||||
|
||||
### SearXNG
|
||||
## SearXNG
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
|
59
docs/security/account-deletion.en.md
Normal file
59
docs/security/account-deletion.en.md
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: "Account Deletion"
|
||||
icon: 'material/account-remove'
|
||||
---
|
||||
It can be easy to accumulate a number of online accounts over time, many of which you may no longer use. Deleting these unused accounts is an important step in reclaiming your privacy, as dormant accounts are vulnerable to having their credentials stolen and for abuse to occur without your knowledge. A data breach is when a service's security is breached by hackers and they are able to exfiltrate a copy of the user database. Data breaches are unfortunately all [too common](https://haveibeenpwned.com/PwnedWebsites) these days; practicing good digital hygiene is the best way to minimize the impact these have on your life. [Deceptive design](https://www.deceptive.design/) patterns can often introduce inconveniences along the way, this guide aims to help you navigate through the account deletion process.
|
||||
|
||||
## Finding Old Accounts
|
||||
|
||||
### Password Manager
|
||||
|
||||
If you have a password manager that you've used for your entire digital life, this part will be very easy. They often include built-in functionality for detecting if your credentials were exposed in a data breach, such as Bitwarden's [Data Breach Report](https://bitwarden.com/blog/have-you-been-pwned/).
|
||||
|
||||
<figure markdown>
|
||||

|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
Even if you don't think you've used a password manager before, you may have used the one in your browser or your phone without even realizing it, for example: [Firefox Password Manager](https://support.mozilla.org/kb/password-manager-remember-delete-edit-logins), [Google Password Manager](https://passwords.google.com/intro)
|
||||
and [Edge Password Manager](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-edge/save-or-forget-passwords-in-microsoft-edge-b4beecb0-f2a8-1ca0-f26f-9ec247a3f336).
|
||||
|
||||
Desktop platforms also often have a password manager which may help you recover passwords you've forgotten about:
|
||||
|
||||
- Windows [Credential Manager](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/accessing-credential-manager-1b5c916a-6a16-889f-8581-fc16e8165ac0)
|
||||
- macOS [Keychain](https://support.apple.com/en-md/guide/mac-help/mchlf375f392/mac)
|
||||
- iOS [Passwords](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211146)
|
||||
- Linux, Gnome Keyring, which can be accessed through [Seahorse](https://help.gnome.org/users/seahorse/stable/passwords-view.html.en), or [KDE Wallet Manager](https://userbase.kde.org/KDE_Wallet_Manager)
|
||||
|
||||
### Email
|
||||
|
||||
If you didn't use a password manager in the past or you think you have accounts that you never added to your password manager, another option is to log in to the email account(s) that you believe you signed up on. Go to the search bar on your email client and type "verify" or "welcome". Almost every time you make an online account, the service will send a verification link or a welcome message to your email. This can be a good way to find old, forgotten accounts.
|
||||
|
||||
## Deleting Old Accounts
|
||||
|
||||
### Log In
|
||||
|
||||
In order to delete your old accounts, you'll need to first make sure you can log in to them. Again, if the account was in your password manager, this step is easy. If not, you can try to guess your password. Failing that, there is usually a "forgot password?" link toward the bottom of the login screen. It may also be possible that accounts you've abandoned have already been deleted, sometimes services prune all old accounts.
|
||||
|
||||
When you click it, it will most likely ask you for your email that you signed up with. Type in the email you think you used and see if you are sent a reset link. If the site returns an error message saying that email is not associated with an account, or you never receive a reset link after multiple attempts, then you do not have an account under that email address; try a different one. If you can't figure out which email address you used, or you no longer have access to that email, you can try contacting the service's support. Unfortunately there is no guarantee that you will be able to reclaim access your account.
|
||||
|
||||
### Overwriting Account information
|
||||
|
||||
In some situations where you plan to abandon an account it may make sense to overwrite the account information with fake data. Once you've made sure you can log in, change all the information in your account to fake information. The reason you want to do this is many sites will retain information you previously had even after account deletion. The hope is that they will overwrite the previous information with the newest data you entered. Once again though, there is no guarantee that there won't be old backups.
|
||||
|
||||
For the account email, either create a new burner email account via your provider of choice or create an alias using an [email aliasing service](/email/#email-aliasing-services). Do not use temporary email providers, as many sites will give a period of time in which your account can be reactivated. Delete your burner email account after this period expires.
|
||||
|
||||
### Delete
|
||||
|
||||
After replacing all your info, you can check [JustDeleteMe](https://justdeleteme.xyz) for instructions on deleting the account for a specific service. Some sites will graciously have a "Delete Account" option, while others will force you to speak with a support agent. Overall, the process can vary quite a bit for different sites, and for some it may be impossible to delete.
|
||||
|
||||
For services that don't allow account deletion, the best thing to do is fake all your info as mentioned above. Then, enable MFA and any extra security features you can and change the password to a randomly-generated one that is the maximum allowed size (a [password manager](/passwords/#local-password-managers) can be useful for this).
|
||||
|
||||
If you're satisfied that all information you care about is removed, you can safely forget about this account. If not, it might be a good idea to keep the credentials stored with your other passwords and occasionally re-login to reset the password.
|
||||
|
||||
Even when you are able to delete an account, there is no guarantee that all your information will be removed. In fact, some companies are required by law to keep certain information, particularly when related to financial transactions. It's mostly out of your control what happens to your data when it comes to websites and cloud services.
|
||||
|
||||
## Avoid New Accounts
|
||||
|
||||
As the old saying goes, "an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." Whenever you feel tempted to sign up for a new account, ask yourself "Do I really need this? Can I accomplish what I need to without an account?" It can often be much harder to delete an account than to create one and even after deleting or changing the info on your account, there might be a cached version from a third party like archive.org. Avoid the temptation when you're able to; your future self will thank you!
|
||||
|
||||
--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.en.md"
|
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
|
||||
title: "Multi-factor Authentication"
|
||||
icon: 'material/two-factor-authentication'
|
||||
---
|
||||
**Multi-factor authentication** is a security mechanism that requires additional steps beyond entering your username (or email) and password. The most common method is time limited codes you might receive from an SMS or app.
|
||||
**Multi-factor authentication** is a security mechanism that requires additional steps beyond entering your username (or email) and password. The most common method is time limited codes you might receive from SMS or an app.
|
||||
|
||||
Normally, if a hacker (or adversary) is able to figure out your password then they’d gain access to the account that password belongs to. An account with MFA forces the hacker to have both the password (something you *know*) and a device that you own (something you *have*), like your phone.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ The security of push notification MFA is dependent on both the quality of the ap
|
||||
|
||||
### Time-based One-time Password (TOTP)
|
||||
|
||||
TOTP is one of the most commons form of MFA available. When you set up TOTP you are generally required to scan a [QR Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QR_code) which establishes a "[shared secret](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_secret)" with the service that you intend to use. The shared secret is secured inside of the authenticator app's data, and is sometimes protected by a password.
|
||||
TOTP is one of the most common forms of MFA available. When you set up TOTP you are generally required to scan a [QR Code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QR_code) which establishes a "[shared secret](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shared_secret)" with the service that you intend to use. The shared secret is secured inside of the authenticator app's data, and is sometimes protected by a password.
|
||||
|
||||
The time-limited code is then derived from the shared secret and the current time. As the code is only valid for a short time, without access to the shared secret an adversary cannot generate new codes.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -76,13 +76,9 @@ When you create an account the public key is sent to the service, then when you
|
||||
|
||||
This presentation discusses the history of password authentication, the pitfalls (such as password reuse), and discussion of FIDO2 and [WebAuthn](https://webauthn.guide) standards.
|
||||
|
||||
<iframe width="100%" style="height:50vh"
|
||||
src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/aMo4ZlWznao"
|
||||
title="How FIDO2 and WebAuthn Stop Account Takeovers"
|
||||
frameborder="0"
|
||||
allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
|
||||
allowfullscreen>
|
||||
</iframe>
|
||||
<div class="yt-embed">
|
||||
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/aMo4ZlWznao" title="How FIDO2 and WebAuthn Stop Account Takeovers" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
FIDO2 and WebAuthn have superior security and privacy properties when compared to any MFA methods.
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -2,11 +2,9 @@
|
||||
title: "Self-Contained Networks"
|
||||
icon: material/security-network
|
||||
---
|
||||
If you are currently browsing clearnet and want to access the dark web, this section is for you.
|
||||
These networks are designed to keep your traffic anonymous.
|
||||
|
||||
## Self-contained Networks
|
||||
|
||||
### Tor
|
||||
## Tor
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -29,7 +27,7 @@ If you are currently browsing clearnet and want to access the dark web, this sec
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-android: Android](https://www.torproject.org/download/#android)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://gitweb.torproject.org/tor.git)
|
||||
|
||||
### Invisible Internet Project
|
||||
## Invisible Internet Project
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
@ -53,7 +51,7 @@ If you are currently browsing clearnet and want to access the dark web, this sec
|
||||
- [:pg-f-droid: F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/app/net.i2p.android.router)
|
||||
- [:fontawesome-brands-git: Source](https://geti2p.net/en/get-involved/guides/new-developers#getting-the-i2p-code)
|
||||
|
||||
### The Freenet Project
|
||||
## The Freenet Project
|
||||
|
||||
!!! recommendation
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -155,3 +155,19 @@ h1, h2, h3, .md-header__topic {
|
||||
.no-js .md-sidebar {
|
||||
align-self: auto;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* Maintain 16:9 aspect ratio on embedded YT videos */
|
||||
.yt-embed {
|
||||
position: relative;
|
||||
width: 100%;
|
||||
padding-bottom: 56.25%;
|
||||
height: 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.yt-embed iframe {
|
||||
position: absolute;
|
||||
top:0;
|
||||
left: 0;
|
||||
width: 100%;
|
||||
height: 100%;
|
||||
}
|
@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Below, we discuss and provide a tutorial to prove what an outside observer may s
|
||||
|
||||
2. We can then use [`dig`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dig_(command)) (Linux, MacOS etc) or [`nslookup`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nslookup) (Windows) to send the DNS lookup to both servers. Software such as web browsers do these lookups automatically, unless they are configured to use encrypted DNS.
|
||||
|
||||
=== "Linux, MacOS"
|
||||
=== "Linux, macOS"
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
dig +noall +answer privacyguides.org @1.1.1.1
|
||||
@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ We can see the [connection establishment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmis
|
||||
|
||||
## Why **shouldn't** I use encrypted DNS?
|
||||
|
||||
In locations where there is internet filtering (or censorship), visiting forbidden resources may have its own consequences which you should consider in your [threat model](../threat-modeling.md). We do **not** suggest the use of encrypted DNS for this purpose. Use [Tor](https://torproject.org) or a [VPN](vpn) instead. If you're using a VPN, you should use your VPN's DNS servers. When using a VPN, you are already trusting them with all your network activity.
|
||||
In locations where there is internet filtering (or censorship), visiting forbidden resources may have its own consequences which you should consider in your [threat model](../threat-modeling.md). We do **not** suggest the use of encrypted DNS for this purpose. Use [Tor](https://torproject.org) or a [VPN](../vpn.md) instead. If you're using a VPN, you should use your VPN's DNS servers. When using a VPN, you are already trusting them with all your network activity.
|
||||
|
||||
When we do a DNS lookup, it's generally because we want to access a resource. Below, we will discuss some of the methods that may disclose your browsing activities even when using encrypted DNS:
|
||||
|
||||
@ -279,9 +279,17 @@ Encrypted DNS with a 3rd party should only be used to get around redirects and b
|
||||
|
||||
[List of recommended DNS servers](../dns.md){ .md-button }
|
||||
|
||||
## What is DNSSEC and when is it used?
|
||||
## What is DNSSEC?
|
||||
|
||||
[Domain Name System Security Extensions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System_Security_Extensions) (DNSSEC) is used to provide authenticity to the records being fetched from upstream DNS servers. It doesn't provide confidentiality, for that we use one of the [encrypted DNS](#what-is-encrypted-dns) protocols discussed above.
|
||||
[Domain Name System Security Extensions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System_Security_Extensions) (DNSSEC) is a feature of DNS that authenticates responses to domain name lookups. It does not provide privacy protections for those lookups, but rather prevents attackers from manipulating or poisoning the responses to DNS requests.
|
||||
|
||||
In other words, DNSSEC digitally signs data to help ensure its validity. In order to ensure a secure lookup, the signing occurs at every level in the DNS lookup process. As a result, all answers from DNS can be trusted.
|
||||
|
||||
The DNSSEC signing process is similar to someone signing a legal document with a pen; that person signs with a unique signature that no one else can create, and a court expert can look at that signature and verify that the document was signed by that person. These digital signatures ensure that data has not been tampered with.
|
||||
|
||||
DNSSEC implements a hierarchical digital signing policy across all layers of DNS. For example, in the case of a `privacyguides.org` lookup, a root DNS server would sign a key for the `.org` nameserver, and the `.org` nameserver would then sign a key for `privacyguides.org`’s authoritative nameserver.
|
||||
|
||||
<small>Adapted from [DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC) overview](https://cloud.google.com/dns/docs/dnssec) by Google and [DNSSEC: An Introduction](https://blog.cloudflare.com/dnssec-an-introduction/) by Cloudflare, both licensed under [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).</small>
|
||||
|
||||
## What is QNAME minimization?
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ For your convenience, everything we recommend is listed below with a link to the
|
||||
|
||||
- { .twemoji } [Tor Browser](https://www.torproject.org/)
|
||||
- { .twemoji } [Firefox (Desktop)](https://firefox.com/)
|
||||
- { .twemoji } [Brave (Desktop)](https://brave.com/)
|
||||
- { .twemoji } [Bromite (Android)](https://www.bromite.org/)
|
||||
- { .twemoji } [Safari (iOS)](https://www.apple.com/safari/)
|
||||
|
||||
|
@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ nav:
|
||||
- 'threat-modeling.md'
|
||||
- 'technology/dns.md'
|
||||
- 'security/multi-factor-authentication.md'
|
||||
- 'security/account-deletion.md'
|
||||
- 'Android':
|
||||
- 'android/overview.md'
|
||||
- 'android/grapheneos-vs-calyxos.md'
|
||||
|
@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
|
||||
{% extends "base.html" %}
|
||||
{% block extrahead %}
|
||||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ 'overrides/home.css' | url }}">
|
||||
<link rel="me" href="https://aragon.sh/@jonah">
|
||||
<link rel="me" href="https://fosstodon.org/@freddy">
|
||||
<link rel="me" href="https://mastodon.social/@dngray">
|
||||
<link rel="me" href="https://mastodon.social/@blacklight447">
|
||||
<link rel="me" href="https://fosstodon.org/@hook54321">
|
||||
{% endblock %}
|
||||
{% block tabs %}
|
||||
{{ super() }}
|
||||
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user