update: clarify Tor and Mullvad Browser capabilities (#3272)

Update wording to accurately reflect tracking and fingerprinting
protections. Adjust descriptions regarding anonymity, fingerprint
similarity, and advanced tracking mitigation.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
This commit is contained in:
fria
2026-09-15 07:28:05 +09:30
committed by Daniel Gray
parent 8be53ef24b
commit e40376173a
2 changed files with 4 additions and 4 deletions
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@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ It is critical to understand the difference between bypassing censorship and eva
### Tor Browser is not the most *secure* browser
Anonymity can often be at odds with security: Tor's anonymity requires every user to be identical, which creates a monoculture (e.g., the same bugs are present across all Tor Browser users). As a cybersecurity rule of thumb, monocultures are generally regarded as bad: Security through diversity (which Tor lacks) provides natural segmentation by limiting vulnerabilities to smaller groups, and is therefore usually desirable, but this diversity is also less good for anonymity.
Anonymity can often be at odds with security. Tor achieves anonymity by ensuring every user appears identical, creating a digital monoculture where the same vulnerabilities exist across all installations. In cybersecurity, monocultures are generally considered a risk. Security through diversity provides natural segmentation by limiting the impact of an exploit to a smaller segment of users. While such diversity is structurally desirable for security, it inherently compromises user anonymity by making individuals trackable.
Additionally, Tor Browser is based on Firefox's Extended Support Release builds, which only receives patches for vulnerabilities considered *Critical* and *High* (not *Medium* and *Low*). This means that attackers could (for example):
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@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ schema:
These are our currently recommended **desktop web browsers** and configurations for standard/non-anonymous browsing. We recommend [Mullvad Browser](#mullvad-browser) if you are focused on strong privacy protections and anti-fingerprinting out of the box, [Firefox](#firefox) for casual internet browsers looking for a good alternative to Google Chrome, and [Brave](#brave) if you need Chromium browser compatibility.
If you need to browse the internet anonymously, you should use [Tor](tor.md) instead. We make some configuration recommendations on this page, but all browsers other than Tor Browser will be traceable by *somebody* in some manner or another.
If you need to browse the internet anonymously, you should use [Tor Browser](tor.md) instead. We make some configuration recommendations on this page, but Tor Browser offers the best protections against online tracking.
## Mullvad Browser
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ If you need to browse the internet anonymously, you should use [Tor](tor.md) ins
</div>
Like [Tor Browser](tor.md), Mullvad Browser is designed to prevent fingerprinting by making your browser fingerprint identical to all other Mullvad Browser users, and it includes default settings and extensions that are automatically configured by the default security levels: *Standard*, *Safer* and *Safest*.
Like [Tor Browser](tor.md), Mullvad Browser is designed to prevent fingerprinting by making your browser fingerprint similar to a large number of other Mullvad Browser users, and it includes default settings and extensions that are automatically configured by the default security levels: *Standard*, *Safer* and *Safest*.
Therefore, it is imperative that you do not modify the browser at all outside adjusting the default [security levels](https://tb-manual.torproject.org/security-settings). When adjusting the security level, you **must** always restart the browser before continuing to use it. Otherwise, [the security settings may not be fully applied](https://www.privacyguides.org/articles/2025/05/02/tor-security-slider-flaw), putting you at a higher risk of fingerprinting and exploits than you may expect based on the setting chosen.
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Modifications other than adjusting this setting would make your fingerprint uniq
**Without** using a [VPN](vpn.md), Mullvad Browser provides protections against [naive fingerprinting scripts](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.3-Overrides-%5BTo-RFP-or-Not%5D#-fingerprinting) similar to other private browsers like Firefox+[Arkenfox](#arkenfox-advanced) or [Brave](#brave). Mullvad Browser provides these protections out of the box, at the expense of some flexibility and convenience that other private browsers can provide.
==For the strongest anti-fingerprinting protection, we recommend using Mullvad Browser in conjunction **with** a VPN==, whether that is Mullvad or another recommended VPN provider. When using a VPN with Mullvad Browser, you will share a fingerprint and a pool of IP addresses with many other users, giving you a "crowd" to blend in with. This strategy is the only way to thwart advanced tracking scripts, and is the same anti-fingerprinting technique used by Tor Browser.
==For the strongest anti-fingerprinting protection, we recommend using Mullvad Browser in conjunction **with** a VPN==, whether that is Mullvad or another recommended VPN provider. When using a VPN with Mullvad Browser, you will share a fingerprint and a pool of IP addresses with many other users, giving you a "crowd" to blend in with. This strategy is the best way to defend against advanced tracking scripts, and is the same anti-fingerprinting technique used by Tor Browser.
Note that while you can use Mullvad Browser with any VPN provider, other people on that VPN must also be using Mullvad Browser for this "crowd" to exist, something which is more likely on Mullvad VPN compared to other providers. Mullvad Browser does not have built-in VPN connectivity, nor does it check whether you are using a VPN before browsing; your VPN connection has to be configured and managed separately.