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content/tools/services/search-engines/_index.md
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title: Search Engines
description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
---
<small>Protects against the following threat(s):</small>
[{{< badge content="Surveillance Capitalism" color="purple" >}}](../../../wiki/basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model)
<div class="pg-card-logos">
{{< cards >}}
{{< card link="#brave-search" title="Brave Search" image="./brave-search.svg" subtitle="Brave Search is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts." >}}
{{< card link="#duckduckgo" title="DuckDuckGo" image="./duckduckgo.svg" subtitle="DuckDuckGo is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include bangs and a variety of instant answers." >}}
{{< card link="#startpage" title="Startpage" image="./startpage.svg" subtitle="Startpage is a private search engine. One of Startpage's unique features is the Anonymous View, which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified." >}}
{{< card link="#searxng" title="SearXNG" image="./searxng.svg" subtitle="SearXNG is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of SearX." >}}
{{< /cards >}}
</div>
Use a **search engine** that doesn't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
## Recommended Providers
The recommendations here do not collect personally identifying information (PII) based on each service's privacy policy. There is **no guarantee** that these privacy policies are honored.
Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider.
Consider using a [VPN](../vpn/_index.md) or [Tor](../../software/tor/_index.md) if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider.
| Provider | Search Index | Tor Hidden Service | Logging / Privacy Policy | Country of Operation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
@@ -35,61 +45,42 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
### Brave Search
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right }
**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](../../software/desktop-browsers/_index.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
</div>
{{< cards >}}
{{< card link="https://search.brave.com" title="Homepage" icon="home" >}}
{{< card link="https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy" title="Privacy Policy" icon="eye" >}}
{{< /cards >}}
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
### DuckDuckGo
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right }
**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and a variety of [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features). The search engine uses numerous [sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) other than Bing for instant answers and other non-primary results.
DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) and is one of the few available options on Apple’s [Safari](mobile-browsers.md#safari-ios) browser.
DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](../../software/tor/_index.md#tor-browser) and is one of the few available options on Apple’s [Safari](../../software/mobile-browsers/_index.md#safari-ios) browser.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
</div>
{{< cards >}}
{{< card link="https://duckduckgo.com" title="Homepage" icon="home" >}}
{{< card link="https://duckduckgo.com/privacy" title="Privacy Policy" icon="eye" >}}
{{< /cards >}}
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
### Startpage
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
**Startpage** is a private search engine. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://startpage.com/en/anonymous-view), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](../../software/tor/_index.md#tor-browser) instead.
![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }
**Startpage** is a private search engine. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://startpage.com/en/anonymous-view), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
</div>
{{< cards >}}
{{< card link="https://startpage.com" title="Homepage" icon="home" >}}
{{< card link="https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy" title="Privacy Policy" icon="eye" >}}
{{< /cards >}}
Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't believe that to be an issue as they have a distinctly separate [privacy policy](https://system1.com/terms/privacy-policy). The Privacy Guides team reached out to Startpage [back in 2020](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2020/05/03/relisting-startpage) to clear up any concerns with System1's sizeable investment into the service, and we were satisfied with the answers we received.
Startpage previously placed limitations on VPN and [Tor](tor.md) users, but they recently created an [official](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/24786602537364-Startpage-s-Tor-onion-service) Tor hidden service, and as of April 2024 we have no longer noticed extra roadblocks for Tor or [VPN](vpn.md) users.
Startpage previously placed limitations on VPN and [Tor](../../software/tor/_index.md) users, but they recently created an [official](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/24786602537364-Startpage-s-Tor-onion-service) Tor hidden service, and as of April 2024 we have no longer noticed extra roadblocks for Tor or [VPN](../vpn/_index.md) users.
## Metasearch Engines
@@ -97,17 +88,14 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
### SearXNG
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right }
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
{{< cards >}}
{{< card link="https://searxng.org" title="Homepage" icon="home" >}}
{{< card link="https://docs.searxng.org/user/about.html" title="Privacy Policy" icon="eye" >}}
{{< /cards >}}
</div>
A directory of public instances is available at [searx.space](https://searx.space), and the source code is on [GitHub](https://github.com/searxng/searxng).
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from.
@@ -117,7 +105,7 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy.
## Criteria
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
**Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](../../../about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you.
### Minimum Requirements