mirror of
https://github.com/privacyguides/i18n.git
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138 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
138 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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meta_title: "使用中繼資料清除器和數據編輯工具移除個人識別資料 - Privacy Guides"
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title: "資料和中繼資料處理"
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icon: material/tag-remove
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description: 使用這些工具來移除所分享的相片和文件中的GPS定位和其他識別資訊等中繼資料。
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cover: data-redaction.webp
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---
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<small>防護下列威脅：</small>
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- [:material-account-search: 公共曝露](basics/common-threats.md#limiting-public-information ""){.pg-green}
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分享檔案時，請務必移除相關的中繼資料。 映像文件通常包含 [Exif](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif) 數據。 照片有時甚至在文件元數據中包含GPS坐標。
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<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">警告</p>
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您 **永遠不應** 透過模糊文字的方式來遮蓋 [圖片中的文字](https://bishopfox.com/blog/unredacter-tool-never-pixelation)。 If you want to redact text in an image, you should draw a box over the text.
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</div>
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## MAT2
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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**MAT2** is free, cross-platform software which allows you to remove metadata from image, audio, torrent, and document file types. 它提供命令行工具和圖形用戶界面擴展給 [Dolphin](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2/-/tree/master/dolphin)，其為[KDE](https://kde.org)的預設檔案管理器。
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[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2/-/blob/master/README.md){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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<details class="downloads" markdown>
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<summary>下載</summary>
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- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://pypi.org/project/mat2)
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- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2#requirements-setup-on-macos-os-x-using-homebrew)
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- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://pypi.org/project/mat2)
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- [:octicons-globe-16: 網頁版](https://0xacab.org/jvoisin/mat2#web-interface)
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</details>
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</div>
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## ExifEraser (Android)
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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**ExifEraser** 是 Android 的現代無需許可的圖像中繼資料擦除應用程式。
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它目前支援JPEG ， PNG和WebP 檔案格式。
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[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/Tommy-Geenexus/exif-eraser){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/Tommy-Geenexus/exif-eraser#readme){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Tommy-Geenexus/exif-eraser){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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<details class="downloads" markdown>
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<summary>下載</summary>
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- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.none.tom.exiferaser)
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- [:octicons-moon-16: Accrescent](https://accrescent.app/app/com.none.tom.exiferaser)
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- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/Tommy-Geenexus/exif-eraser/releases)
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</details>
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</div>
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被清除的元資料取決於影像的檔案類型：
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- **JPEG**：可清除 ICC Profile、Exif、Photoshop Image Resources 和 XMP/ExtendedXMP 等中繼資料。
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- **PNG**：可清除 ICC Profile、Exif和XMP等中繼資料。
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- **WebP**: 可清除 ICC Profile、Exif 和XMP 等中繼資料。
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處理完影像後， ExifEraser會為您提供一份完整的報告，說明每張影像中究竟刪除了哪些內容。
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該應用程式提供了多種方式來清除圖像中的中繼數據。 亦即:
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- 您可以使用 ExifEraser 分享其他應用程式的圖片。
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- 通過應用程式本身，可以一次選擇單個圖片，多個圖片，甚至是整個目錄。
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- 它具有“相機”選項，該選項使用操作系統的相機應用程式拍攝照片，然後從中刪除中繼數據。
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- 在分割視窗模式下，它可以從另一個應用程式拖放圖片到 ExifEraser 。
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- 最後，它允許您從剪貼板黏貼圖像。
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## Shortcuts (iOS & macOS)
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On iOS and macOS, you can remove image metadata without using any third-party apps by creating a [**shortcut**](https://apps.apple.com/app/id915249334) for this purpose. Here is an example shortcut you can download to use as is:
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[:material-tag-minus: Clean Image Metadata](https://icloud.com/shortcuts/fb774ddb7b5b4296871776c67ac0fff9 ""){.md-button}
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You can also use it as a model for your own shortcut; just make sure that the **Preserve Metadata** option under the **Convert** action is unchecked. Once added, you can access the shortcut in the share sheet that appears when you select the :octicons-share-24: Share button. You can select multiple images and invoke the shortcut to remove their metadata all at once.
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This shortcut removes metadata such as location, device model, lens model, and other camera information. It also sets the image creation date to the time the shortcut was used.
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## ExifTool (CLI)
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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**ExifTool** is the original Perl library and command-line application for reading, writing, and editing meta information (Exif, IPTC, XMP, and more) in a wide variety of file formats (JPEG, TIFF, PNG, PDF, RAW, and more).
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It is often a component of other Exif removal applications and in most Linux distribution repositories.
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://exiftool.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://exiftool.org/faq.html){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/exiftool/exiftool){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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[:octicons-heart-16:](https://exiftool.org/#donate){ .card-link title="Contribute" }
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<details class="downloads" markdown>
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<summary>下載</summary>
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- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://exiftool.org)
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- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://exiftool.org)
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- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://exiftool.org)
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</details>
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</div>
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<div class="admonition example" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">從檔案目錄中刪除資料</p>
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```bash
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exiftool -all= *.file_extension
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```
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</div>
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## 標準
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**請注意，我們與推薦的任何項目均無關。**除了[我們的通用標準](about/criteria.md)外，我們還制定了一套明確的要求，以便我們能夠提供客觀的建議。 我們建議您在選擇使用項目之前先熟悉此列表，並進行自己的研究，以確保它是您的正確選擇。
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- 為開源作業系統開發的應用程式必須是開源的。
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- 應用程式必須是免費的，不應包含廣告或其他限制。
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