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175 lines
9.5 KiB
Markdown
175 lines
9.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "文件共享和同步"
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icon: material/share-variant
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description: 探索如何在裝置之間、與朋友和家人私下分享檔案，或匿名上線。
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cover: file-sharing.webp
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---
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<small>Protects against the following threat(s):</small>
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- [:material-server-network: 服務提供商](basics/common-threats.md#privacy-from-service-providers ""){.pg-teal}
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探索如何在裝置之間、與朋友和家人私下分享檔案，或匿名上線。
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## 檔案分享
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If you have already use [Proton Drive](cloud.md#proton-drive)[^1] or have a [Bitwarden](passwords.md#bitwarden) Premium[^2] subscription, consider using the file sharing capabilities that they each offer, both of which use end-to-end encryption. Otherwise, the standalone options listed here ensure that the files you share are not read by a remote server.
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### Send
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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**Send** 是分支自 Mozilla 已停止的 Firefox Send服務，它允許您使用鏈接將檔案發送給其他人。 檔案在您的裝置上已加密，因此無法被伺服器讀取，並且它們也可以選擇受密碼保護。 Send 維護者託管 [公共實例](https://send.vis.ee)。 你可以利用其他公開實例，也可以自行託管 Send。
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://send.vis.ee){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-server-16:](https://github.com/timvisee/send-instances){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://github.com/timvisee/send#readme){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/timvisee/send){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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[:octicons-heart-16:](https://github.com/sponsors/timvisee){ .card-link title=Contribute }
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</details>
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</div>
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Send 可利用網頁界面或文字指令 [ffsend](https://github.com/timvisee/ffsend) 來傳送檔案。 如果您熟悉命令行並經常發送檔案，我們建議您使用文字指令的用戶端以避免基於JavaScript 的加密。 您可以利用 `--host` 指令來標記使用特定的伺服器：
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```bash
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ffsend upload --host https://send.vis.ee/ FILE
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```
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### OnionShare
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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**OnionShare** is an open-source tool that lets you securely and [:material-incognito: anonymously](basics/common-threats.md#anonymity-vs-privacy){ .pg-purple } share a file of any size. 它的工作原理是啟動可作為 Tor 洋蔥服務訪問的網頁伺服器，具有一個無法猜測的URL ，您可以與收件人共享以下載或發送檔案。
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://onionshare.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:simple-torbrowser:](http://lldan5gahapx5k7iafb3s4ikijc4ni7gx5iywdflkba5y2ezyg6sjgyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.onionshare.org){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/onionshare/onionshare){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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<details class="downloads" markdown>
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<summary>Downloads</summary>
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- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://onionshare.org/#download)
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- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://onionshare.org/#download)
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- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://onionshare.org/#download)
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</details>
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</div>
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OnionShare provides the option to connect via [Tor bridges](https://docs.onionshare.org/2.6.2/en/tor.html#automatic-censorship-circumvention) to circumvent [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship ""){.pg-blue-gray}.
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### 標準
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**請注意，我們所推薦專案沒有任何瓜葛。 ** 除了 [標準準則](about/criteria.md)外，我們還發展出一套明確要求以提出客觀建議。 我們建議您在選擇使用項目之前先熟悉此列表，並進行自己的研究，以確保它是您的正確選擇。
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- 不得將解密的資料儲存在遠端伺服器上。
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- 必須是開源軟體。
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- 必須有 Linux、macOS 和 Windows 用戶端；或 Web 網頁界面。
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## FreedomBox
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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**FreedomBox** 是設計在[單板電腦(SBC)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-board_computer)上執行的作業系統。 其目的是讓設置自主託管的伺服器應用程式變得容易。
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://freedombox.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox/Manual){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://salsa.debian.org/freedombox-team/freedombox){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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[:octicons-heart-16:](https://freedomboxfoundation.org/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
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</details>
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</div>
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## 文件同步
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### Nextcloud (客戶端-伺服器)
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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**Nextcloud** is a suite of free and open-source client-server software for creating your own file hosting services on a private server you control.
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nextcloud.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nextcloud.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://nextcloud.com/support){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/nextcloud){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nextcloud.com/contribute){ .card-link title=Contribute }
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<details class="downloads" markdown>
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<summary>Downloads</summary>
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- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nextcloud.client)
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- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1125420102)
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- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/nextcloud/android/releases)
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- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
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- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
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- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://nextcloud.com/install/#install-clients)
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</details>
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</div>
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<div class="admonition danger" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">Danger "危險"</p>
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我們不建議使用 Nextcloud [E2EE App](https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/end_to_end_encryption) ，因為它可能會導致資料丟失；目前它仍是高度實驗性，未達穩定品質。
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</div>
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### Syncthing （ P2P ）
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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**Syncthing** 是一個開源的點對點連續檔案件同步實用程式。 它可用在本地網路或網際網路的多個設備之間同步檔案。 Syncthing 不使用集中式伺服器；它使用 [Block Exchange Protocol](https://docs.syncthing.net/specs/bep-v1.html#bep-v1) 在裝置之間傳輸資料。 所有資料都使用 TLS 加密。
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://syncthing.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.syncthing.net){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/syncthing){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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[:octicons-heart-16:](https://syncthing.net/donations){ .card-link title=Contribute }
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<details class="downloads" markdown>
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<summary>Downloads</summary>
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- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nutomic.syncthingandroid)
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- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://syncthing.net/downloads)
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- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://syncthing.net/downloads)
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- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://syncthing.net/downloads)
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- [:simple-freebsd: FreeBSD](https://syncthing.net/downloads)
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</details>
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</div>
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### 標準
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**請注意，我們所推薦專案沒有任何瓜葛。 ** 除了 [標準準則](about/criteria.md)外，我們還發展出一套明確要求以提出客觀建議。 我們建議您在選擇使用項目之前先熟悉此列表，並進行自己的研究，以確保它是您的正確選擇。
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#### 最低合格要求
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- 必須不需要第三方遠端/雲端伺服器。
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- 必須是開源軟體。
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- 必須有 Linux、macOS 和 Windows 用戶端；或 Web 網頁界面。
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#### 最好的情况
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最佳案例標準代表了我們希望從這個類別的完美項目應具備的功能。 推薦產品可能沒有此功能，但若有這些功能則會讓排名更為提高。
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- Should have mobile clients for iOS and Android which at least support document previews.
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- Should support photo backups from iOS and Android, and optionally support file/folder sync on Android.
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[^1]: Proton Drive allows you to [share files or folders](https://proton.me/support/drive-shareable-link) by generating a shareable public link or sending a unique link to a designated email address. Public links can be protected with a password, set to expire, and completely revoked, while links shared via email can have custom permissions and be similarly revoked. Per Proton Drive's [privacy policy](https://proton.me/drive/privacy-policy), file contents, file and folder names, and thumbnail previews are end-to-end encrypted.
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[^2]: With a [premium](https://bitwarden.com/help/about-bitwarden-plans/#compare-personal-plans) subscription, [Bitwarden Send](https://bitwarden.com/products/send) allows you to share files and text securely with [end-to-end encryption](https://bitwarden.com/help/send-encryption). A [password](https://bitwarden.com/help/send-privacy/#send-passwords) can be required along with the Send link. Bitwarden Send also features [automatic deletion](https://bitwarden.com/help/send-lifespan).
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