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@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ cover: alternative-networks.webp
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[Tor 瀏覽器資訊 :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](tor.md){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Tor 詳細介紹 :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](advanced/tor-overview.md){ .md-button }
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You can access the Tor network using other tools; making this determination comes down to your threat model. If you are a casual Tor user who is not worried about your ISP collecting evidence against you, using apps like [Orbot](#orbot) or mobile browser apps to access the Tor network is probably fine. 越多人使用 Tor 有助於減少 Tor 的不良印記，降低 ISP 和政府可能編制的「Tor 用戶清單」內容。
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<div class="admonition example" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">試用一下！</p>
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@@ -42,12 +44,54 @@ cover: alternative-networks.webp
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</div>
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#### Orbot
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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**Orbot** is a mobile application which routes traffic from any app on your device through the Tor network.
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://orbot.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://orbot.app/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://orbot.app/faqs){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://orbot.app/code){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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[:octicons-heart-16:](https://orbot.app/donate){ .card-link title="Contribute" }
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<details class="downloads" markdown>
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<summary>下載</summary>
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- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.torproject.android)
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- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1609461599)
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- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/guardianproject/orbot/releases)
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- [:simple-fdroid: F-Droid](https://guardianproject.info/fdroid)
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</details>
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</div>
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We previously recommended enabling the _Isolate Destination Address_ preference in Orbot settings. While this setting can theoretically improve privacy by enforcing the use of a different circuit for each IP address you connect to, it doesn't provide a practical advantage for most applications (especially web browsing), can come with a significant performance penalty, and increases the load on the Tor network. We no longer recommend adjusting this setting from its default value unless you know you need to.[^1]
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\=== "Android"
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```
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Orbot can proxy individual apps if they support SOCKS or HTTP proxying. It can also proxy all your network connections using [VpnService](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/net/VpnService) and can be used with the VPN kill switch in :gear: **Settings** → **Network & internet** → **VPN** → :gear: → **Block connections without VPN**.
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Orbot is often outdated on Google Play and the Guardian Project's F-Droid repository, so consider downloading directly from the GitHub repository instead. All versions are signed using the same signature, so they should be compatible with each other.
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```
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\=== "iOS"
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```
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On iOS, Orbot has some limitations that could potentially cause crashes or leaks: iOS does not have an effective OS-level feature to block connections without a VPN like Android does, and iOS has an artificial memory limit for network extensions that makes it challenging to run Tor in Orbot without crashes. Currently, it is always safer to use Tor on a desktop computer compared to a mobile device.
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```
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#### Snowflake
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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{ align=right }
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{ align=right }
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{ align=right }
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**Snowflake** 可透過瀏覽器中執行「Snowflake 代理」來向 Tor 專案捐贈頻寬。
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@@ -110,4 +154,5 @@ Running a Snowflake proxy is low-risk, even more so than running a Tor relay or
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然而，I2P 的方法也有缺點。 Tor 依賴專用的出口節點，這意味著更多的人可以在不太安全的環境中使用它，而且Tor 上確實存在的中繼可能性能更高、更穩定，因為它們通常不在長駐連接上運行。 Tor 也更關注**瀏覽器隱私**（即防指紋），並配有專用的 [Tor 瀏覽器](tor.md) 來盡可能使瀏覽活動匿名。 I2P 透過[常用網頁瀏覽器](desktop-browsers.md) 使用，雖然可以將瀏覽器設定為更保護隱私，但可能不會與其他 I2P 使用者有相同的瀏覽器指紋（沒有在這方面混在「人群」）。
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由於其強大的橋接網路和不同的[可插拔傳輸](https://tb-manual.torproject.org/circumvention)，Tor 更能抵抗審查。 另一方面，I2P 使用目錄伺服器進行初始連接，這些目錄伺服器是變化的/不受信任的，由志願者運行，而 Tor 使用的硬編碼/受信任的伺服器可能更容易被阻止。
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[^1]: The `IsolateDestAddr` setting is discussed on the [Tor mailing list](https://lists.torproject.org/pipermail/tor-talk/2012-May/024403) and [Whonix's Stream Isolation documentation](https://whonix.org/wiki/Stream_Isolation), where both projects suggest that it is usually not a good approach for most people.
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由於其強大的橋接網路和不同的[可插拔傳輸](https://tb-manual.torproject.org/circumvention)，Tor 更能抵抗審查。 另一方面，I2P 使用目錄伺服器進行初始連接，這些目錄伺服器是變化的/不受信任的，由志願者運行，而 Tor 使用的硬編碼/受信任的伺服器可能更容易被阻止。
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@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ schema:
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[Rooting](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Root_%28Android%29) Android 手機會大幅降低安全性，因為它會削弱完整的 [Android 安全模型](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_\(operating_system\)#Security_and_privacy) 。 如果有人利用降低的安全性來進行攻擊，這可能會威脅到您的隱私。 常見的 root 方法涉及直接篡改開機分割區，以至於造成無法成功執行驗證啟動。 需要 root 的應用程式也會修改系統磁碟分割，這意味著 Verified Boot 必須維持停用。 在使用者介面中直接暴露 root 也會增加裝置的攻擊面，並可能有助於 [特權提升](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E7%89%B9%E6%9D%83%E6%8F%90%E5%8D%87) 漏洞和繞過 SELinux 政策。
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修改 [hosts 檔案](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/Hosts%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6) （AdAway） 的內容封鎖程式，以及需要 root 存取權限的防火牆 (AFWall+) 都很危險，不應該使用。 它們也不是解決預期目的的正確方法。 對於內容阻擋，我們建議使用加密 [DNS](../dns.md) ，或改用 VPN 提供的內容封鎖功能。 TrackerControl 和 AdAway 在非 root 模式下會佔用 VPN 插槽（透過使用本機環回 VPN），使您無法使用 [Orbot](../tor.md#orbot) 或 [VPN](../vpn.md) 等增強隱私的服務。
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Content blockers which modify the [hosts file](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_\(file\)) (like AdAway) and firewalls which require root access persistently (like AFWall+) are dangerous and should not be used. 它們也不是解決預期目的的正確方法。 對於內容阻擋，我們建議使用加密 [DNS](../dns.md) ，或改用 VPN 提供的內容封鎖功能。 TrackerControl and AdAway in non-root mode will take up the VPN slot (by using a local loopback VPN), preventing you from using privacy-enhancing services such as [Orbot](../alternative-networks.md#orbot) or a [real VPN provider](../vpn.md).
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AFWall+ 以 [封包過濾](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firewall_\(computing\)#Packet_filter) 方式運作，在某些情況下可能會被繞過。
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@@ -189,4 +189,4 @@ Auditor 使用 **兩個** 設備執行證明和入侵檢測，即一個 _被驗
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沒有個人識別資料被提交給證明服務。 建議使用匿名帳戶註冊，並啟用遠程認證，以進行持續監控。
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如果您的 [威脅模型](basics/threat-modeling.md) 需要隱私性，可以考慮使用[Orbot](tor.md#orbot) 或VPN，從證明服務中隱藏 IP地址。
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If your [threat model](basics/threat-modeling.md) requires hiding your IP address from the attestation service, you could consider using [Orbot](alternative-networks.md#orbot) or a [VPN](vpn.md).
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@@ -108,7 +108,6 @@ description: Privacy Guides 社群所推薦的隱私工具、服務、軟體及
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<div class="grid cards" markdown>
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Orbot (Smartphone Tor Proxy)](tor.md#orbot)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Onion Browser (Tor for iOS)](tor.md#onion-browser-ios)
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</div>
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@@ -714,9 +713,10 @@ For encrypting your OS drive, we typically recommend using the encryption tool y
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<div class="grid cards" markdown>
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } { .twemoji loading=lazy } [I2P](alternative-networks.md#i2p-the-invisible-internet-project)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Tor](alternative-networks.md#tor)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Snowflake](alternative-networks.md#snowflake)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } { .twemoji loading=lazy } [I2P](alternative-networks.md#i2p-the-invisible-internet-project)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Tor](alternative-networks.md#tor)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Orbot (Mobile Tor Proxy)](alternative-networks.md#orbot)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Snowflake](alternative-networks.md#snowflake)
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</div>
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@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ schema:
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從裝置連線到 Tor 網路的方式有多種，最常用的是 **Tor 瀏覽器** ，它是 Firefox 的分叉，專為在電腦和Android上 [:material-incognito: 匿名](basics/common-threats.md#anonymity-vs-privacy ""){.pg-purple} 瀏覽而設計
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其些應用程式比其他應用程式更好，但再次提醒其選用決定取決於您的威脅模型。 如果是Tor 的一般使用者，不擔心 ISP 收集針對您的證據，那麼使用[Orbot](#orbot) 等應用程式或行動瀏覽器應用程式訪用 Tor 網路可能沒問題。 越多人使用 Tor 有助於減少 Tor 的不良印記，降低 ISP 和政府可能編制的「Tor 用戶清單」內容。
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其些應用程式比其他應用程式更好，但再次提醒其選用決定取決於您的威脅模型。 If you are a casual Tor user who is not worried about your ISP collecting evidence against you, using mobile browser apps like [Onion Browser](#onion-browser-ios) to access the Tor network is probably fine. 越多人使用 Tor 有助於減少 Tor 的不良印記，降低 ISP 和政府可能編制的「Tor 用戶清單」內容。
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如果更完全的匿名至關重要，則應 **僅使用** 桌面版的 Tor 客戶端應用，最好再加上[Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) + [Qubes](desktop.md#qubes-os) 一起搭配使用。 Mobile browsers are less common on Tor (and more fingerprintable as a result), and other configurations are not as rigorously tested against deanonymization.
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@@ -84,46 +84,6 @@ Tor 瀏覽器旨在防止指紋識別----根據您的瀏覽器配置識別您。
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除了直接在電腦安裝 Tor 瀏覽器外，還有專門設計用於連接到 Tor 網路的操作系統，例如 [Qubes OS 作業系統](desktop.md#qubes-os) ＋ [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) ，它們提供比標準 Tor 瀏覽器更高的安全性和保護。
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## Orbot
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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**Orbot** 是一款免費的Tor VPN ，適用於智慧型手機，可讓裝置上的任何應用程式流量通過 Tor 網路。
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[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://orbot.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://orbot.app/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://orbot.app/faqs){ .card-link title=文檔}
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://orbot.app/code){ .card-link title="原始碼" }
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[:octicons-heart-16:](https://orbot.app/donate){ .card-link title=捐款 }
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<details class="downloads" markdown>
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<summary>下載</summary>
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- [:simple-googleplay: Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.torproject.android)
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- [:simple-appstore: App Store](https://apps.apple.com/app/id1609461599)
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- [:simple-github: GitHub](https://github.com/guardianproject/orbot/releases)
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</details>
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</div>
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我們之前建議在 Orbot 設定中啟用 *隔離目標位址* 偏好設定。 雖然從理論上講，此設定可以強制您連接不同 IP 位址使用不同的迴路來改善隱私，但它並未為大多數應用程式（特別是 Web瀏覽）提供實際優勢，可能會帶來顯著的效能拖累，增加 Tor 網路的負載。 我們不再建議您從預設值調整此設定，除非您知道需要調整。[^1]
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<div class="admonition tip" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">Android 提示</p>
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Orbot 可以代理個別應用程式，如果它們有支援 SOCKS 或 HTTP 代理。 It can also proxy all your network connections using [VpnService](https://developer.android.com/reference/android/net/VpnService) and can be used with the VPN kill switch in :gear: **Settings** → **Network & internet** → **VPN** → :gear: → **Block connections without VPN**.
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Guardian Project 的[F-Droid repository](https://guardianproject.info/fdroid)和 [Google Play](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.torproject.android) 上Orbot 往往不是最新版，因此請考慮直接從 [GitHub repository](https://github.com/guardianproject/orbot/releases) 下載。
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All versions are signed using the same signature, so they should be compatible with each other.
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</div>
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On iOS, Orbot has some limitations that could potentially cause crashes or leaks: iOS does not have an effective OS-level feature to block connections without a VPN like Android does, and iOS has an artificial memory limit for network extensions that makes it challenging to run Tor in Orbot without crashes. Currently, it is always safer to use Tor on a desktop computer compared to a mobile device.
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## Onion Browser (iOS)
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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@@ -149,6 +109,4 @@ On iOS, Orbot has some limitations that could potentially cause crashes or leaks
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Onion Browser 不提供與 Tor Browser 在電腦平台上相同等級的隱私保護。 對於日常使用而言，這是存取隱藏服務的絕佳方式，但如果您擔心被先進的對手追蹤或監視，則不應將其視為匿名工具。
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[Notably](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/issues/2929), Onion Browser does not *guarantee* all requests go through Tor. When using the built-in version of Tor, [your real IP **will** be leaked via WebRTC and audio/video streams](https://onionbrowser.com/faqs) due to limitations of WebKit. It is *safer* to use Onion Browser alongside Orbot, but this still comes with some limitations on iOS (noted in the Orbot section above).
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[^1]: `IsolateDestAddr` 設定問題已在 [Tor 郵件群組](https://lists.torproject.org/pipermail/tor-talk/2012-May/024403.html) 和 [Whonix's 串流隔離文檔](https://whonix.org/wiki/Stream_Isolation) 中討論過，兩項專案都認為對大多數人而言它並不是好方法。
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[Notably](https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/issues/2929), Onion Browser does not *guarantee* all requests go through Tor. When using the built-in version of Tor, [your real IP **will** be leaked via WebRTC and audio/video streams](https://onionbrowser.com/faqs) due to limitations of WebKit. It is *safer* to use Onion Browser alongside [Orbot](alternative-networks.md#orbot), but this still comes with some limitations on iOS.
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user