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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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---
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title: Security Keys
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icon: material/key-chain
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description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
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description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
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cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
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---
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@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
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{ width="315" }
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</figure>
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The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
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The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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</details>
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@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
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{ width="400" }
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</figure>
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The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
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The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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</details>
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</div>
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The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
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The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
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The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
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YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
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For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
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For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
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<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
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@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
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{ width="300" }
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</figure>
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**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
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**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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</details>
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</div>
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The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
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The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
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Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
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@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
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<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
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Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
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Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
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</div>
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@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
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### Minimum Requirements
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- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
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- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
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- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
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- Must not allow private key extraction.
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- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
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@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
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Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
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- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
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- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
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- Should be available with NFC.
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- Should support TOTP secret storage.
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- Should support secure firmware updates.
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[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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---
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title: Security Keys
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icon: material/key-chain
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description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
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description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
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cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
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---
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@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
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{ width="315" }
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</figure>
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The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
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The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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</details>
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@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
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{ width="400" }
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</figure>
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The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
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The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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</details>
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</div>
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The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
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The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
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The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
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YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
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|
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For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
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<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
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@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
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{ width="300" }
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</figure>
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**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
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**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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</details>
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</div>
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The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
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The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
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Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
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@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
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<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
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Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
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Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
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</div>
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@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
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### Minimum Requirements
|
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|
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- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
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- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
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- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
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- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
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- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
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@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
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- Should be available with NFC.
|
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- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
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- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
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|
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[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
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|
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
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---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
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description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
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@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
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{ width="315" }
|
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</figure>
|
||||
|
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The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
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|
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
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</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
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{ width="400" }
|
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</figure>
|
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|
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The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
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|
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Datenschutzerklärung" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Dokumentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Datenschutzerklärung" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Dokumentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warnung</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Datenschutzerklärung" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Dokumentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warnung</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Das Zurücksetzen der OpenPGP-Schnittstelle auf einem Nitrokey macht auch die Passwortdatenbank [unzugänglich](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Das Zurücksetzen der OpenPGP-Schnittstelle auf einem Nitrokey macht auch die Pa
|
||||
|
||||
### Mindestanforderungen
|
||||
|
||||
- Es müssen hochwertige, manipulationssichere Hardware-Sicherheitsmodule verwendet werden.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Muss die neueste FIDO2-Spezifikation unterstützen.
|
||||
- Darf keine Extraktion des privaten Schlüssels erlauben.
|
||||
- Geräte, die mehr als 35 € kosten, müssen die Handhabung von OpenPGP und S/MIME unterstützen.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Das Zurücksetzen der OpenPGP-Schnittstelle auf einem Nitrokey macht auch die Pa
|
||||
|
||||
Unsere Best-Case-Kriterien stellen dar, was wir uns von einem perfekten Projekt in dieser Kategorie wünschen würden. Unsere Empfehlungen enthalten möglicherweise keine oder nicht alle dieser Merkmale, aber diejenigen, die sie enthalten, werden möglicherweise höher eingestuft als andere auf dieser Seite.
|
||||
|
||||
- Sollte im USB-C-Formfaktor erhältlich sein.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Sollte mit NFC verfügbar sein.
|
||||
- Sollte TOTP-Geheimnisspeicherung unterstützen.
|
||||
- Sollte sichere Firmware-Updates unterstützen.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Llaves de seguridad
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Proteja sus cuentas de Internet con la Autenticación Multifactor sin enviar sus secretos a terceros.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ Una **llave de seguridad** física añade una capa fuerte de protección a tus c
|
||||
|
||||
<figure markdown="span"> { width="315" }</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
La serie de **llave de seguridad de Yubico** es la llave de seguridad física más rentable con la certificación FIDO Nivel 2. Esta es compatible con FIDO2/WebAuthn y FIDO U2F, y funciona con muchos servicios compatibles con una llave de seguridad como segundo factor, así como con muchos gestores de contraseñas.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. Esta es compatible con FIDO2/WebAuthn y FIDO U2F, y funciona con muchos servicios compatibles con una llave de seguridad como segundo factor, así como con muchos gestores de contraseñas.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Página principal](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Política de privacidad" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentación}
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -51,23 +51,21 @@ El firmware de las llaves de seguridad de Yubico no es actualizable. Si quieres
|
||||
|
||||
<figure markdown="span"> { width="400" }</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
La serie **YubiKey** de Yubico es una de las más populares. La serie YubiKey 5 tiene una gran variedad de características como: autenticación de [Segundo Factor Universal (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 y WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Verificación de Identidad Personal (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP y HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH).
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Página principal](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Política de privacidad" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentación}
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
La [tabla comparativa](https://yubico.com/store/compare) muestra las características y cómo las YubiKeys se comparan entre sí y con otras series de [llave de seguridad](#yubico-security-key) de Yubico. Uno de los beneficios de la serie YubiKey es que una llave puede realizar casi todo lo que puedes esperar de una llave de seguridad física. Te recomendamos realizar la [encuesta](https://yubico.com/quiz) antes de realizar la compra, para asegurarte de que tomas la decisión correcta.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). La mayoría de las personas no deben preocuparse por esta distinción.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. Uno de los beneficios de la serie YubiKey es que una llave puede realizar casi todo lo que puedes esperar de una llave de seguridad física. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
Las YubiKeys pueden ser programadas utilizando [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) o [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). Para gestionar los códigos TOTP, puedes utilizar el [Autenticador Yubico](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). Todos los clientes de Yubico son de código abierto.
|
||||
|
||||
Para los modelos compatibles con HOTP y TOTP, hay 2 ranuras en la interfaz OTP que pueden utilizarse para HOTP y 32 ranuras para almacenar secretos TOTP. Estos secretos se almacenan cifrados en la llave y nunca son expuestos a los dispositivos a los que se conecta. Cuando una semilla (secreto compartido) es proporcionada al Autenticador Yubico, este solo mostrará el código de seis dígitos y nunca la semilla. Este modelo de seguridad ayuda a limitar lo que un atacante puede reailzar si alguno de los dispositivos en los que se ejecuta el Autenticador Yubico y hace resistente a la YubiKey ante los ataques físicos.
|
||||
Para los modelos compatibles con HOTP y TOTP, hay 2 ranuras en la interfaz OTP que pueden utilizarse para HOTP y 32 ranuras para almacenar secretos TOTP. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Cuando una semilla (secreto compartido) es proporcionada al Autenticador Yubico, este solo mostrará el código de seis dígitos y nunca la semilla. Este modelo de seguridad ayuda a limitar lo que un atacante puede reailzar si alguno de los dispositivos en los que se ejecuta el Autenticador Yubico y hace resistente a la YubiKey ante los ataques físicos.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Advertencia</p>
|
||||
@ -82,17 +80,17 @@ El firmware de YubiKey no es actualizable. Si quieres características en las ve
|
||||
|
||||
<figure markdown="span"> { width="300" }</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** tiene una llave de seguridad compatible con [FIDO2 y WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) llamada **Nitrokey FIDO2**. Para obtener compatibilidad con PGP, necesitas comprar alguna de las otras llaves como la **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** o la **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** tiene una llave de seguridad compatible con [FIDO2 y WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) llamada **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Página principal](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Política de privacidad" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentación}
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
La [tabla comparativa](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) muestra las características y cómo se comparan los modelos de Nitrokey. La **Nitrokey 3** listada tiene un conjunto combinado de características.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. La **Nitrokey 3** listada tiene un conjunto combinado de características.
|
||||
|
||||
Los modelos de Nitrokey pueden ser configurados utilizando la [aplicación de Nitrokey](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -108,7 +106,7 @@ Aunque las Nitrokeys no muestran los secretos HOTP/TOTP a los dispositivos donde
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Advertencia</p>
|
||||
|
||||
El reseteo de la interfaz OpenPGP en una Nitrokey también hará la base de datos de contraseñas [inaccesible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -118,7 +116,7 @@ El reseteo de la interfaz OpenPGP en una Nitrokey también hará la base de dato
|
||||
|
||||
### Requisitos Mínimos
|
||||
|
||||
- Debe utilizar módulos físicos de seguridad resistentes a la manipulación y de alta calidad.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Debe soportar la última especificación FIDO2.
|
||||
- No debe permitir la extracción de claves privadas.
|
||||
- Los dispositivos con un precio mayor a $35 dólares, deben soportar OpenPGP y S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -127,7 +125,9 @@ El reseteo de la interfaz OpenPGP en una Nitrokey también hará la base de dato
|
||||
|
||||
Nuestro criterio del mejor caso representa lo que nos gustaría ver del proyecto perfecto en esta categoría. Es posible que nuestras recomendaciones no incluyan todas o algunas de estas funciones, pero las que sí las incluyan pueden estar mejor clasificadas que otras en esta página.
|
||||
|
||||
- Debería estar disponible en formato USB-C.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Debería ser compatible con NFC.
|
||||
- Debería soportar el almacenamiento de secretos TOTP.
|
||||
- Debería soportar actualizaciones seguras de firmware.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Clés de sécurité
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Sécurisez vos comptes avec l'authentification multifacteur sans transmettre vos clés et tokens de sécurité à une tierce-partie.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Avertissement</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Avertissement</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Exigences minimales
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Nos critères de cas idéal représentent ce que nous aimerions voir d'un projet parfait dans cette catégorie. Nos recommandations peuvent ne pas inclure tout ou partie de cette fonctionnalité, mais celles qui l'inclus peuvent être mieux classées que les autres sur cette page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### דרישות מינימליות
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
הקריטריונים הטובים ביותר שלנו מייצגים את מה שהיינו רוצים לראות מהפרויקט המושלם בקטגוריה זו. ייתכן שההמלצות שלנו לא יכללו חלק מהפונקציונליות הזו או את כולה, אך אלו שכן כן עשויות לדרג גבוה יותר מאחרות בדף זה.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Figyelmeztetés</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Figyelmeztetés</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Alap elvárások
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
A legjobb esetben alkalmazott követelményeink azt fejezik ki, hogy mit szeretnénk látni egy kifogástalan projekttől ebben a kategóriában. Előfordulhat, hogy ajánlásaink nem tartalmazzák az összes ilyen funkciót, de azok, amelyek igen, magasabb helyen szerepelhetnek, mint mások ezen az oldalon.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Persyaratan Minimum
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Kriteria kasus terbaik kami mewakili apa yang ingin kami lihat dari proyek yang sempurna dalam kategori ini. Rekomendasi kami mungkin tidak menyertakan salah satu atau semua fungsi ini, tetapi rekomendasi yang menyertakan fungsi ini mungkin memiliki peringkat yang lebih tinggi daripada yang lain di halaman ini.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Chiavi di Sicurezza
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ Una **chiave di sicurezza** fisica aggiunge un livello di protezione molto forte
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
La serie **Yubico Security Key** è la chiave di sicurezza hardware più conveniente con certificazione FIDO di livello 2. Supporta FIDO2/WebAuthn e FIDO U2F e funziona con la maggior parte dei servizi che supportano una chiave di sicurezza come secondo fattore, nonché con molti gestori di password.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. Supporta FIDO2/WebAuthn e FIDO U2F e funziona con la maggior parte dei servizi che supportano una chiave di sicurezza come secondo fattore, nonché con molti gestori di password.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Avviso</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Avviso</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Requisiti minimi
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
I nostri criteri ottimali rappresentano ciò che vorremmo vedere dal progetto perfetto in questa categoria. I nostri consigli potrebbero non includere tutte o alcune di queste funzionalità, ma quelli che le includono potrebbero essere preferiti ad altri su questa pagina.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">注意</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">注意</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### 最低要件
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
満たされることが望ましい基準には、このカテゴリーの完璧なプロジェクトに私たちが望むものを示しています。 私たちが推薦するプロジェクトは、この機能の一部または全部を含んでいないかもしれませんが、もし含んでいれば、このページで他のプロジェクトよりも上位にランクされるかもしれません。
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### 최소 요구 사항
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
평가 기준에서 '우대 사항'은 해당 부문에서 완벽한 프로젝트에 기대하는 바를 나타냅니다. 다음의 우대 사항에 해당하지 않더라도 권장 목록에 포함될 수 있습니다. 단, 우대 사항에 해당할수록 이 페이지의 다른 항목보다 높은 순위를 갖습니다.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimale vereisten
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Onze best-case criteria geven aan wat wij zouden willen zien van het perfecte project in deze categorie. Het is mogelijk dat onze aanbevelingen geen of niet alle functies bevatten, maar degene die dat wel doen kunnen hoger gerangschikt worden dan andere op deze pagina.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Aviso</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Aviso</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Nosso critério de melhor caso representa o que gostaríamos de ver em um projeto perfeito nessa categoria. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Requisitos mínimos
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Os nossos melhores critérios representam o que gostaríamos de ver num projeto perfeito desta categoria. As nossas recomendações podem não incluir todas as funcionalidades, mas incluem as que, na nossa opinião, têm um impacto mais elevado.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Предупреждение</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Предупреждение</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Минимальные требования к сервисам
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Эти критерии представляют собой то, что мы хотели бы видеть от идеального проекта в этой категории. Наши рекомендации могут не соответствовать всем или нескольким из этих критериев, но проекты, которые им соответствуют, расположены выше остальных.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Säkerhetsnycklar
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Varning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Varning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimikrav
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Våra kriterier för bästa fall representerar vad vi skulle vilja se av det perfekta projektet i denna kategori. Våra rekommendationer kanske inte innehåller alla eller några av dessa funktioner, men de som gör det kan vara högre rankade än andra på den här sidan.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: Çok Faktörlü Kimlik Doğrulama
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Gereksinimler
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
En iyi durum kriterlerimiz, bu kategorideki mükemmel bir projede görmek istediklerimizi temsil etmektedir. Önerilerimiz bu işlevlerden herhangi birini veya tamamını içermeyebilir, ancak içerenler bu sayfada diğerlerinden daha üst sıralarda yer alabilir.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: 安全金鑰
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: 使用多重要素驗證保護您在網際網路上的帳戶，而無需將您的機密傳送給第三方。
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Yubico Security Key**系列是最佳成本效益的實體安全金鑰，擁有 FIDO 2 級認證。 它支援 FIDO2/WebAuthn 和 FIDO U2F，並且可以與大多數支援安全金鑰作為第二因素的服務以及許多密碼管理器一起使用。
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. 它支援 FIDO2/WebAuthn 和 FIDO U2F，並且可以與大多數支援安全金鑰作為第二因素的服務以及許多密碼管理器一起使用。
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=說明文件}
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ Yubico 安全金鑰的韌體不可更新。 如果您想要使用較新韌體版
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
Yubico 的 **YubiKey** 系列是最受歡迎的安全金鑰之一。 YubiKey 5 糸列的廣泛功能，例如： [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor)、[FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online)、[Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp)、[Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV)、 [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP)、[TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH)驗證。
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=說明文件}
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
[比較表](https://yubico.com/store/compare) 顯示 YubiKey 的功能以及與 Yubico [安全金鑰](#yubico-security-key) 系列之間相互比較。 YubiKey 好處之一是，一支可以滿足對安全金鑰硬體的全部期待。 建議購買前先 [作個小測驗](https://yubico.com/quiz/) ，確保做出正確的選擇。
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). 大多數人不必擔心這種差異。
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. YubiKey 好處之一是，一支可以滿足對安全金鑰硬體的全部期待。 We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKey 可以使用 [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) 或 [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools) 來設定它。 若要管理 TOTP 程式碼，可用 [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator)。 Yubico 所有客戶端軟體都是開源的。
|
||||
|
||||
支援 HOTP 和 TOTP 的機型， OTP 介面中有2個插槽可用於HOTP 和32個插槽來儲存 TOTP 機密。 這些機密經加密後儲存在金鑰上，永遠不會將它們暴露在插入的設備上。 一旦向 Yubico Authenticator 提供種子（共享祕密） ，它將只會給出六位數的代碼，但永遠不會提供種子。 此安全模型有助於限制攻擊者，即便運行 Yubico Authenticator的設備受到破壞，讓受到物理攻擊時 Yubikey 仍具抵抗力。
|
||||
支援 HOTP 和 TOTP 的機型， OTP 介面中有2個插槽可用於HOTP 和32個插槽來儲存 TOTP 機密。 These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. 一旦向 Yubico Authenticator 提供種子（共享祕密） ，它將只會給出六位數的代碼，但永遠不會提供種子。 此安全模型有助於限制攻擊者，即便運行 Yubico Authenticator的設備受到破壞，讓受到物理攻擊時 Yubikey 仍具抵抗力。
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">警告</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ Yubikey 安全金鑰的韌體不可更新。 如果您想要使用較新韌體
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** 有能夠支援 [FIDO2 和 WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) 的安全金鑰，稱為 **Nitrokey FIDO2**。 若要獲得 PGP 支援，您需要購買他們其他鑰匙，例如 **Nitrokey Start**、**Nitrokey Pro 2** 或 **Nitrokey Storage 2**。
|
||||
**Nitrokey** 有能夠支援 [FIDO2 和 WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) 的安全金鑰，稱為 **Nitrokey FIDO2**。 For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=說明文件}
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
[比較表](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) 顯示 Nitrokey 模式的功能以及比較方式。 **Nitrokey 3** 具有組合的功能集。
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. **Nitrokey 3** 具有組合的功能集。
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey 模式可用 [Nitrokey 應用程式](https://nitrokey.com/download) 來設定。
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ Nitrokey 模式可用 [Nitrokey 應用程式](https://nitrokey.com/download) 來
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">警告</p>
|
||||
|
||||
重置 Nitrokey 的 OpenPGP 介面會使密碼資料庫變為 [無法存取](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset)。
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Nitrokey 模式可用 [Nitrokey 應用程式](https://nitrokey.com/download) 來
|
||||
|
||||
### 最低合格要求
|
||||
|
||||
- 必須使用高品質、防篡改的硬體安全模組。
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- 必須支援最新的 FIDO2 規格。
|
||||
- 不允許私鑰提取。
|
||||
- 價格超過 35美元的裝置必須支援處理 OpenPGP 和 S/MIME。
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Nitrokey 模式可用 [Nitrokey 應用程式](https://nitrokey.com/download) 來
|
||||
|
||||
最佳情況標準代表我們希望在這個類別的完美項目的應具備的特性。 推薦產品可能沒有此功能，但若有這些功能則會讓排名更為提高。
|
||||
|
||||
- 應採用 USB-C 格式。
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- 應與 NFC一起使用。
|
||||
- 支持 TOTP 機密儲存。
|
||||
- 應支援安全軔體更新。
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: Security Keys
|
||||
icon: material/key-chain
|
||||
description: Secure your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
|
||||
description: These security keys provide a form of phishing-immune authentication for accounts that support it.
|
||||
cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ A physical **security key** adds a very strong layer of protection to your onlin
|
||||
{ width="315" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
The **Yubico Security Key** series is the most cost-effective hardware security key with FIDO Level 2 certification[^1]. It supports FIDO2/WebAuthn and FIDO U2F, and works out of the box with most services that support a security key as a second factor, as well as many password managers.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/security-key){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -55,23 +55,21 @@ The firmware of Yubico's Security Keys is not updatable. If you want features in
|
||||
{ width="400" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as: [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
The **YubiKey** series from Yubico are among the most popular security keys with FIDO Level 2 Certification[^1]. The YubiKey 5 Series has a wide range of features such as [Universal 2nd Factor (U2F)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_2nd_Factor), [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online), [Yubico OTP](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#yubico-otp), [Personal Identity Verification (PIV)](https://developers.yubico.com/PIV), [OpenPGP](https://developers.yubico.com/PGP), and [TOTP and HOTP](https://developers.yubico.com/OATH) authentication.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-5-overview){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://yubico.com/support/terms-conditions/privacy-notice){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.yubico.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows the features and how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you make the right choice.
|
||||
|
||||
The YubiKey 5 series has FIDO Level 1 certification, which is the most common. However, some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, in which case you'll have to purchase a [YubiKey 5 **FIPS** series](https://yubico.com/products/yubikey-fips) key, or a [Yubico Security Key](#yubico-security-key). Most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://yubico.com/store/compare) shows how the YubiKeys compare to each other and to Yubico's [Security Key](#yubico-security-key) series in terms of features and other specifications. One of the benefits of the YubiKey series is that one key can do almost everything you could expect from a hardware security key. We encourage you to take their [quiz](https://yubico.com/quiz) before purchasing in order to make sure you choose the right security key.
|
||||
|
||||
YubiKeys can be programmed using the [YubiKey Manager](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-manager) or [YubiKey Personalization Tools](https://yubico.com/support/download/yubikey-personalization-tools). For managing TOTP codes, you can use the [Yubico Authenticator](https://yubico.com/products/yubico-authenticator). All of Yubico's clients are open source.
|
||||
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never expose them to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
For models which support HOTP and TOTP, there are 2 slots in the OTP interface which could be used for HOTP and 32 slots to store TOTP secrets. These secrets are stored encrypted on the key and never exposed to the devices they are plugged into. Once a seed (shared secret) is given to the Yubico Authenticator, it will only give out the six-digit codes, but never the seed. This security model helps limit what an attacker can do if they compromise one of the devices running the Yubico Authenticator and make the YubiKey resistant to a physical attacker.
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">警告</p>
|
||||
@ -88,17 +86,17 @@ The firmware of YubiKey is not updatable. If you want features in newer firmware
|
||||
{ width="300" }
|
||||
</figure>
|
||||
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2** or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
**Nitrokey** has a security key capable of [FIDO2 and WebAuthn](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md#fido-fast-identity-online) called the **Nitrokey FIDO2**. For PGP support, you need to purchase one of their other keys such as the **Nitrokey Start**, **Nitrokey Pro 2**, or the **Nitrokey Storage 2**.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nitrokey.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://nitrokey.com/data-privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.nitrokey.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/#comparison) shows the features and how the Nitrokey models compare. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
The [comparison table](https://nitrokey.com/products/nitrokeys) shows how the different Nitrokey models compare to each other in terms of features and other specifications. The **Nitrokey 3** listed will have a combined feature set.
|
||||
|
||||
Nitrokey models can be configured using the [Nitrokey app](https://nitrokey.com/download).
|
||||
|
||||
@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ While Nitrokeys do not release the HOTP/TOTP secrets to the device they are plug
|
||||
<div class="admonition warning" markdown>
|
||||
<p class="admonition-title">警告</p>
|
||||
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password database [inaccessible](https://docs.nitrokey.com/pro/linux/factory-reset).
|
||||
Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey [Pro 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/pro/factory-reset) or Nitrokey [Start 2](https://docs.nitrokey.com/nitrokeys/storage/factory-reset) will also make the password database inaccessible.
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
### Minimum Requirements
|
||||
|
||||
- Must use high quality, tamper resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must use high-quality, tamper-resistant hardware security modules.
|
||||
- Must support the latest FIDO2 specification.
|
||||
- Must not allow private key extraction.
|
||||
- Devices which cost over $35 must support handling OpenPGP and S/MIME.
|
||||
@ -133,7 +131,9 @@ Resetting the OpenPGP interface on a Nitrokey will also make the password databa
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form-factor.
|
||||
- Should be available in USB-C form factor.
|
||||
- Should be available with NFC.
|
||||
- Should support TOTP secret storage.
|
||||
- Should support secure firmware updates.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Some governments or other organizations may require a key with Level 2 certification, but most people do not have to worry about this distinction.
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
x
Reference in New Issue
Block a user