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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Es gibt einen Grund, warum Daten über dein Kaufverhalten als der heilige Gral d
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Seit Jahrhunderten ist **Bargeld** die wichtigste Form des privaten Zahlungsverkehrs. Bargeld hat in den meisten Fällen hervorragende Eigenschaften in Bezug auf den Schutz der Privatsphäre, wird in den meisten Ländern akzeptiert und ist **fungibel**, d. h. es ist nicht einmalig und vollständig austauschbar.
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Die Gesetze zur Barzahlung sind von Land zu Land unterschiedlich. In the United States, special disclosure is required for cash payments over $10,000 to the IRS on [Form 8300](https://irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/form-8300-and-reporting-cash-payments-of-over-10000). The receiving business is required to ID verify the payee’s name, address, occupation, date of birth, and Social Security Number or other TIN (with some exceptions). Lower limits without ID such as $3,000 or less exist for exchanges and money transmission. Cash also contains serial numbers. These are almost never tracked by merchants, but they can be used by law enforcement in targeted investigations.
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Die Gesetze zur Barzahlung sind von Land zu Land unterschiedlich. In the United States, special disclosure is required for cash payments over $10,000 to the IRS on [Form 8300](https://irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/form-8300-and-reporting-cash-payments-of-over-10000). The receiving business is required to ID verify the payee’s name, address, occupation, date of birth, and Social Security Number or other TIN (with some exceptions). Lower limits without ID such as $3,000 or less exist for exchanges and money transmission. Cash also contains serial numbers. Diese werden von den Händlern fast nie nachverfolgt, können aber von den Strafverfolgungsbehörden für gezielte Ermittlungen genutzt werden.
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Trotzdem ist es in der Regel die beste Option.
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@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Es ist relativ einfach, Geschenkkarten und Prepaid-Karten in den meisten Lebensm
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Gift cards usually have limits of up to $200 per card, but some offer limits of up to $2,000 per card. Prepaid cards (e.g.: from Visa or Mastercard) usually have limits of up to $1,000 per card.
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Gift cards have the downside of being subject to merchant policies, which can have terrible terms and restrictions. For example, some merchants don’t accept payment in gift cards exclusively, or they may cancel the value of the card if they consider you to be a high-risk user. Once you have merchant credit, the merchant has a strong degree of control over this credit.
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Geschenkkarten haben den Nachteil, dass sie den Richtlinien des Händlers unterliegen, die mitunter sehr schlechte Bedingungen und Einschränkungen enthalten. For example, some merchants don’t accept payment in gift cards exclusively, or they may cancel the value of the card if they consider you to be a high-risk user. Once you have merchant credit, the merchant has a strong degree of control over this credit.
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Prepaid cards don’t allow cash withdrawals from ATMs or “peer-to-peer” payments in Venmo and similar apps.
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@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ These tend to be good options for recurring/subscription payments online, while
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## Kryptowährung
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Cryptocurrencies are a digital form of currency designed to work without central authorities such as a government or bank. While *some* cryptocurrency projects can allow you to make private transactions online, many use a public blockchain which does not provide any transaction privacy. Cryptocurrencies also tend to be very volatile assets, meaning their value can change rapidly and significantly at any time. As such, we generally don't recommend using cryptocurrency as a long-term store of value. If you decide to use cryptocurrency online, make sure you have a full understanding of its privacy aspects beforehand, and only invest amounts which would not be disastrous to lose.
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Kryptowährungen sind eine digitale Form von Währung, die ohne zentrale Behörden wie eine Regierung oder eine Bank funktionieren soll. Während *einige* Kryptowährungsprojekte es dir ermöglichen, private Transaktionen online durchzuführen, verwenden viele eine öffentliche Blockchain, die keine Privatsphäre für Transaktionen bietet. Kryptowährungen neigen auch dazu, sehr volatil zu sein, was bedeutet, dass sich ihr Wert jederzeit schnell und erheblich ändern kann. Daher raten wir generell davon ab, Kryptowährungen als langfristige Wertaufbewahrungsmittel zu verwenden. Wenn du dich dazu entschließt, Kryptowährungen online zu verwenden, solltest du dich vorher genau über die Datenschutzaspekte informieren und nur Beträge investieren, deren Verlust nicht katastrophal wäre.
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<div class="admonition danger" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">Achtung</p>
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@ -56,11 +56,11 @@ Hinzu kommt, dass viele, wenn nicht sogar die meisten Kryptowährungen Betrugsma
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### Privacy Coins
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There are a number of cryptocurrency projects which purport to provide privacy by making transactions anonymous. We recommend using one which provides transaction anonymity **by default** to avoid operational errors.
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Es gibt eine Reihe von Kryptowährungsprojekten, die vorgeben, die Privatsphäre zu schützen, indem sie die Transaktionen anonymisieren. Wir empfehlen die Verwendung eines Systems, das **standardmäßig** die Anonymität der Transaktionen gewährleistet, um Bedienungsfehler zu vermeiden.
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- [Recommended Cryptocurrency :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](../cryptocurrency.md#monero)
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- [Empfohlene Kryptowährung :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](../cryptocurrency.md#monero)
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Privacy coins have been subject to increasing scrutiny by government agencies. In 2020, [the IRS published a $625,000 bounty](https://forbes.com/sites/kellyphillipserb/2020/09/14/irs-will-pay-up-to-625000-if-you-can-crack-monero-other-privacy-coins/?sh=2e9808a085cc) for tools which can break Bitcoin Lightning Network and/or Monero's transaction privacy. They ultimately [paid two companies](https://sam.gov/opp/5ab94eae1a8d422e88945b64181c6018/view) (Chainalysis and Integra Fec) a combined $1.25 million for tools which purport to do so (it is unknown which cryptocurrency network these tools target). Due to the secrecy surrounding tools like these, ==none of these methods of tracing cryptocurrencies have been independently confirmed.== However, it is quite likely that tools which assist targeted investigations into private coin transactions exist, and that privacy coins only succeed in thwarting mass surveillance.
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Privacy coins have been subject to increasing scrutiny by government agencies. In 2020, [the IRS published a $625,000 bounty](https://forbes.com/sites/kellyphillipserb/2020/09/14/irs-will-pay-up-to-625000-if-you-can-crack-monero-other-privacy-coins/?sh=2e9808a085cc) for tools which can break Bitcoin Lightning Network and/or Monero's transaction privacy. They ultimately [paid two companies](https://sam.gov/opp/5ab94eae1a8d422e88945b64181c6018/view) (Chainalysis and Integra Fec) a combined $1.25 million for tools which purport to do so (it is unknown which cryptocurrency network these tools target). Aufgrund der Geheimhaltung, die solche Tools umgibt, wurde ==keine dieser Methoden zur Rückverfolgung von Kryptowährungen von unabhängiger Seite bestätigt.== Es ist jedoch sehr wahrscheinlich, dass es Tools gibt, die gezielte Ermittlungen zu privaten Transaktionen unterstützen, und dass Privacy Coins nur dabei helfen, Massenüberwachung zu vereiteln.
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### Andere Coins (Bitcoin, Ethereum, etc.)
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@ -82,6 +82,6 @@ If you go this route, make sure to purchase Monero at different times and in dif
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## Zusätzliche Überlegungen
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When you're making a payment in-person with cash, make sure to keep your in-person privacy in mind. Security cameras are ubiquitous. Consider wearing non-distinct clothing and a face mask (such as a surgical mask or N95). Don’t sign up for rewards programs or provide any other information about yourself.
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Wenn du persönlich mit Bargeld bezahlst, solltest du darauf achten, dass deine Privatsphäre gewahrt bleibt. Sicherheitskameras sind allgegenwärtig. Ziehe am besten das Tragen von unauffälliger Kleidung und einer Gesichtsmaske (z. B. einer chirurgischen Maske oder N95) in Betracht. Melde dich nicht für Prämienprogramme an und gebe keine anderen Informationen über dich selbst heraus.
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When purchasing online, ideally you should do so over [Tor](tor-overview.md). However, many merchants don’t allow purchases with Tor. You can consider using a [recommended VPN](../vpn.md) (paid for with cash, gift card, or Monero), or making the purchase from a coffee shop or library with free Wi-Fi. If you are ordering a physical item that needs to be delivered, you will need to provide a delivery address. You should consider using a PO box, private mailbox, or work address.
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Beim Online-Kauf solltest du dies im Idealfall über [Tor](tor-overview.md) tun. Viele Händler erlauben jedoch keine Einkäufe über Tor. Du kannst die Verwendung eines [empfohlenen VPN](../vpn.md) in Betracht ziehen (bezahlt mit Bargeld, Geschenkgutschein oder Monero) oder den Kauf in einem Café oder einer Bibliothek mit kostenfreiem WLAN. Wenn du einen physischen Artikel bestellst, der geliefert werden muss, musst du eine Lieferadresse angeben. You should consider using a PO box, private mailbox, or work address.
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@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ If you think that a bridge can aid in defending against fingerprinting or other
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It is [possible](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/t/clarify-tors-weaknesses-with-respect-to-observability/3676/16) that the [WebTunnel](https://forum.torproject.org/t/tor-relays-announcement-webtunnel-a-new-pluggable-transport-for-bridges-now-available-for-deployment/8180) pluggable transport currently being trialed may mitigate some of these concerns. We will continue to keep an eye on that technology as it develops.
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## Additional Resources
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## Zusätzliche Ressourcen
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- [Tor Browser User Manual](https://tb-manual.torproject.org)
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- [How Tor Works - Computerphile](https://invidious.privacyguides.net/embed/QRYzre4bf7I?local=true) <small>(YouTube)</small>
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@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ In **Webbrowsern**, **E-Mail-Clients** und **Büroanwendungen** wird in der Rege
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</div>
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Wenn du dir Sorgen über **physische Angriffe** machst, solltest du ein Betriebssystem mit einer sicheren verifizierten Boot-Implementierung verwenden, wie Android, iOS, macOS oder [Windows (mit TPM)](https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/security/information-protection/secure-the-windows-10-boot-process). You should also make sure that your drive is encrypted, and that the operating system uses a TPM or Secure [Enclave](https://support.apple.com/guide/security/secure-enclave-sec59b0b31ff/1/web/1) or [Element](https://developers.google.com/android/security/android-ready-se) to rate limit attempts to enter the encryption passphrase. Du solltest es auch vermeiden, deinen Computer mit Personen zu teilen, denen du nicht vertraust, da die meisten Desktop-Betriebssysteme die Daten nicht separat pro Benutzer verschlüsseln.
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Wenn du dir Sorgen über **physische Angriffe** machst, solltest du ein Betriebssystem mit einer sicheren verifizierten Boot-Implementierung verwenden, wie Android, iOS, macOS oder [Windows (mit TPM)](https://learn.microsoft.com/windows/security/information-protection/secure-the-windows-10-boot-process). Du solltest auch sicherstellen, dass dein Laufwerk verschlüsselt ist und dass das Betriebssystem ein TPM oder Secure-[Enclave](https://support.apple.com/guide/security/secure-enclave-sec59b0b31ff/1/web/1) oder -[Element](https://developers.google.com/android/security/android-ready-se) verwendet, um die Versuche zur Eingabe der Verschlüsselungspassphrase zu begrenzen. Du solltest es auch vermeiden, deinen Computer mit Personen zu teilen, denen du nicht vertraust, da die meisten Desktop-Betriebssysteme die Daten nicht separat pro Benutzer verschlüsseln.
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## Angriffe auf bestimmte Organisationen
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@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ Unter Massenüberwachung versteht man die aufwändige Überwachung des "Verhalte
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If you want to learn more about surveillance methods and how they're implemented in your city you can also take a look at the [Atlas of Surveillance](https://atlasofsurveillance.org) by the [Electronic Frontier Foundation](https://eff.org).
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In France you can take a look at the [Technopolice website](https://technopolice.fr/villes) maintained by the non-profit association La Quadrature du Net.
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In Frankreich kannst du einen Blick auf die [Technopolice Website](https://technopolice.fr/villes) werfen, die von dem gemeinnützigen Verein La Quadrature du Net betrieben wird.
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</div>
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@ -165,11 +165,11 @@ Regierungen rechtfertigen Massenüberwachungsprogramme oft als notwendige Mittel
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<div class="admonition quote" markdown>
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<p class="admonition-title">ACLU: <em><a href="https://aclu.org/news/national-security/the-privacy-lesson-of-9-11-mass-surveillance-is-not-the-way-forward">Die Datenschutz-Lektion von 9/11: Massenüberwachung ist nicht der richtige Weg (englisch)</a></em></p>
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In the face of Edward Snowden's disclosures of government programs such as [PRISM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRISM) and [Upstream](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upstream_collection), intelligence officials also admitted that the NSA had for years been secretly collecting records about virtually every American’s phone calls — who’s calling whom, when those calls are made, and how long they last. This kind of information, when amassed by the NSA day after day, can reveal incredibly sensitive details about people’s lives and associations, such as whether they have called a pastor, an abortion provider, an addiction counselor, or a suicide hotline.
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In the face of Edward Snowden's disclosures of government programs such as [PRISM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRISM) and [Upstream](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upstream_collection), intelligence officials also admitted that the NSA had for years been secretly collecting records about virtually every American’s phone calls — who’s calling whom, when those calls are made, and how long they last. Diese Art von Informationen, die von der NSA Tag für Tag gesammelt werden, können unglaublich heikle Details über das Leben und die Verbindungen von Menschen offenbaren, z. B. ob sie einen Pfarrer:in, einen Abtreibungsanbieter, eine:n Suchtberater:in oder eine Selbstmord-Hotline angerufen haben.
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</div>
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Despite growing mass surveillance in the United States, the government has found that mass surveillance programs like Section 215 have had "little unique value" with respect to stopping actual crimes or terrorist plots, with efforts largely duplicating the FBI's own targeted surveillance programs.[^2]
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Trotz der zunehmenden Massenüberwachung in den Vereinigten Staaten hat die Regierung festgestellt, dass Massenüberwachungsprogramme wie Section 215 im Hinblick auf die Verhinderung tatsächlicher Verbrechen oder terroristischer Anschläge "wenig einzigartigen Wert" haben, wobei die Bemühungen weitgehend die eigenen gezielten Überwachungsprogramme des FBI duplizieren.[^2]
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Online kannst du über eine Vielzahl von Methoden verfolgt werden, einschließlich, aber nicht beschränkt auf:
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@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Many OEMs also have broken implementation of Verified Boot that you have to be a
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### Firmware-Updates
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**Firmware-Updates** sind entscheidend für die Aufrechterhaltung der Sicherheit, und ohne sie ist dein Gerät nicht sicher. OEMs haben Unterstützungsvereinbarungen mit ihren Partnern, um die Closed-Sourced-Komponenten für einen begrenzten Zeitraum zur Verfügung zu stellen. These are detailed in the monthly [Android Security Bulletins](https://source.android.com/security/bulletin).
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**Firmware-Updates** sind entscheidend für die Aufrechterhaltung der Sicherheit, und ohne sie ist dein Gerät nicht sicher. OEMs haben Unterstützungsvereinbarungen mit ihren Partnern, um die Closed-Sourced-Komponenten für einen begrenzten Zeitraum zur Verfügung zu stellen. Diese sind in den monatlichen [Android Security Bulletins](https://source.android.com/security/bulletin) beschrieben.
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As the components of the phone, such as the processor and radio technologies rely on closed-source components, the updates must be provided by the respective manufacturers. Therefore, it is important that you purchase a device within an active support cycle. [Qualcomm](https://www.qualcomm.com/news/releases/2020/12/qualcomm-and-google-announce-collaboration-extend-android-os-support-and) and [Samsung](https://news.samsung.com/us/samsung-galaxy-security-extending-updates-knox) support their devices for 4 years, while cheaper products often have shorter support cycles. With the introduction of the [Pixel 6](https://support.google.com/pixelphone/answer/4457705), Google now makes their own SoC, and they will provide a minimum of 5 years of support. With the introduction of the Pixel 8 series, Google increased that support window to 7 years.
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@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ On Android distributions with privileged Google Play Services (such as stock OSe
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You will either be given the option to delete your advertising ID or to *Opt out of interest-based ads* (this varies between OEM distributions of Android). If presented with the option to delete the advertising ID, that is preferred. If not, then make sure to opt out and reset your advertising ID.
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### SafetyNet and Play Integrity API
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### SafetyNet und Play Integrity API
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[SafetyNet](https://developer.android.com/training/safetynet/attestation) and the [Play Integrity APIs](https://developer.android.com/google/play/integrity) are generally used for [banking apps](https://grapheneos.org/usage#banking-apps). Many banking apps will work fine in GrapheneOS with sandboxed Play services, however some non-financial apps have their own crude anti-tampering mechanisms which might fail. GrapheneOS passes the `basicIntegrity` check, but not the certification check `ctsProfileMatch`. Devices with Android 8 or later have hardware attestation support which cannot be bypassed without leaked keys or serious vulnerabilities.
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@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
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---
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title: "Qubes Übersicht"
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icon: simple/qubesos
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description: Qubes is an operating system built around isolating apps within *qubes* (formerly "VMs") for heightened security.
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description: Qubes ist ein Betriebssystem, das auf der Isolierung von Anwendungen innerhalb von *qubes* (früher "VMs") basiert, um die Sicherheit zu erhöhen.
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---
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[**Qubes OS**](../desktop.md#qubes-os) is an open-source operating system which uses the [Xen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xen) hypervisor to provide strong security for desktop computing through isolated *qubes*, (which are Virtual Machines). You can assign each *qube* a level of trust based on its purpose. Qubes OS provides security by using isolation. It only permits actions on a per-case basis and therefore is the opposite of [badness enumeration](https://ranum.com/security/computer_security/editorials/dumb).
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[**Qubes OS**](../desktop.md#qubes-os) ist ein Open-Source-Betriebssystem, das den [Xen-Hypervisor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xen) nutzt, um durch isolierte *Qubes*(virtuelle Maschinen) starke Sicherheit für Desktop-Computing zu bieten. Du kannst jeden *qube* eine Vertrauensstufe zuweisen, die auf seinem Zweck basiert. Qubes OS bietet Sicherheit durch Isolation. It only permits actions on a per-case basis and therefore is the opposite of [badness enumeration](https://ranum.com/security/computer_security/editorials/dumb).
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## How does Qubes OS work?
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## Wie funktioniert Qubes OS?
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Qubes uses [compartmentalization](https://qubes-os.org/intro) to keep the system secure. Qubes are created from templates, the defaults being for Fedora, Debian and [Whonix](../desktop.md#whonix). Qubes OS also allows you to create once-use [disposable](https://qubes-os.org/doc/how-to-use-disposables) *qubes*.
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<details class="note" markdown>
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<summary>The term <em>qubes</em> is gradually being updated to avoid referring to them as "virtual machines".</summary>
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<summary>Der Begriff <em>qubes</em> wird nach und nach aktualisiert, um die Bezeichnung "virtuelle Maschinen" zu vermeiden.</summary>
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Some of the information here and on the Qubes OS documentation may contain conflicting language as the "appVM" term is gradually being changed to "qube". Qubes are not entire virtual machines, but maintain similar functionalities to VMs.
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@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ Your qubes should be configured in a manner similar to this:
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| sys-whonix | Your Whonix Gateway VM | ==sys-proxyvm== |
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| anon-whonix | Your Whonix Workstation VM | sys-whonix |
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## Additional Resources
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## Zusätzliche Ressourcen
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For additional information we encourage you to consult the extensive Qubes OS documentation pages located on the [Qubes OS Website](https://qubes-os.org/doc). Offline copies can be downloaded from the Qubes OS [documentation repository](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-doc).
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Für zusätzliche Informationen empfehlen wir dir, die umfangreichen Qubes OS-Dokumentation auf der [Qubes OS-Website](https://qubes-os.org/doc) zu konsultieren. Offline-Kopien können aus dem Qubes OS [Dokumentations-Repository](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-doc) heruntergeladen werden.
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- [Arguably the world's most secure operating system](https://opentech.fund/news/qubes-os-arguably-the-worlds-most-secure-operating-system-motherboard) (Open Technology Fund)
|
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- [Software compartmentalization vs. physical separation](https://invisiblethingslab.com/resources/2014/Software_compartmentalization_vs_physical_separation.pdf) (J. Rutkowska)
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@ -20,24 +20,24 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
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| Anbieter | Search Index | Tor Hidden Service | Logging / Privacy Policy | Country of Operation |
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| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
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| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
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| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
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| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
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| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Unabhängig](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymisiert[^1] | USA |
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| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymisiert[^2] | USA |
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| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google und Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymisiert[^3] | Niederlande |
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### Brave Search
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<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
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{ align=right }
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{ align=right }
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**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. Der Index ist für die Google-Suche optimiert und kann daher im Vergleich zu anderen Alternativen möglicherweise kontextgenauere Ergebnisse liefern.
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**Brave Search** ist eine von Brave entwickelte Suchmaschine. Der Index ist für die Google-Suche optimiert und kann daher im Vergleich zu anderen Alternativen möglicherweise kontextgenauere Ergebnisse liefern.
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Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
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Brave Search enthält einzigartige Funktionen wie [Diskussionen](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), die auf Konversationen ausgerichtete Ergebnisse wie Forenbeiträge hervorheben.
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Datenschutzrichtlinie" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Dokumentation}
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -53,14 +53,14 @@ We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
**DuckDuckGo** ist eine der gängigeren Optionen für private Suchmaschinen. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and a variety of [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features). The search engine uses numerous [sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) other than Bing for instant answers and other non-primary results.
|
||||
**DuckDuckGo** ist eine der gängigeren Optionen für private Suchmaschinen. Zu den erwähnenswerten Suchfunktionen von DuckDuckGo gehören [Bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) und zahlreiche [Sofortantworten](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features). The search engine uses numerous [sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) other than Bing for instant answers and other non-primary results.
|
||||
|
||||
DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) and is one of the few available options on Apple’s [Safari](mobile-browsers.md#safari) browser.
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Datenschutzrichtlinie" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Dokumentation}
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
|
||||
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Datenschutzrichtlinie" }
|
||||
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Dokumentation}
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -90,21 +90,21 @@ Der Mehrheitsaktionär von Startpage ist System1, ein Werbeunternehmen. Wir glau
|
||||
|
||||
Startpage previously placed limitations on VPN and [Tor](tor.md) users, but they recently created an [official](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/24786602537364-Startpage-s-Tor-onion-service) Tor hidden service, and as of April 2024 we have no longer noticed extra roadblocks for Tor or [VPN](vpn.md) users.
|
||||
|
||||
## Metasearch Engines
|
||||
## Metasuchmaschinen
|
||||
|
||||
A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregates the results of other search engines, such as the ones recommended above, while not storing any information itself.
|
||||
Eine [Metasuchmaschine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregiert die Ergebnisse anderer Suchmaschinen, wie die oben empfohlenen, speichert aber selbst keine Informationen.
|
||||
|
||||
### SearXNG
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>
|
||||
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
{ align=right }
|
||||
|
||||
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. Es ist ein aktiv betreuter Fork von [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
|
||||
**SearXNG** ist eine Open-Source-Metasuchmaschine, die selbst gehostet werden kann. Es ist ein aktiv betreuter Fork von [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
|
||||
|
||||
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
|
||||
[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
|
||||
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
|
||||
[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Öffentliche Instanz"}
|
||||
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Quellcode" }
|
||||
|
||||
</details>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -122,8 +122,8 @@ Wenn du eine SearXNG-Instanz verwendest, beachte unbedingt deren Datenschutzbest
|
||||
|
||||
### Mindestanforderungen
|
||||
|
||||
- Must not collect PII per their privacy policy.
|
||||
- Must not require users to create an account with them.
|
||||
- Darf keine PII gemäß ihrer Datenschutzrichtlinie sammeln.
|
||||
- Darf nicht verlangen, dass Benutzer ein Konto bei ihnen erstellen.
|
||||
|
||||
### Im besten Fall
|
||||
|
||||
@ -132,6 +132,6 @@ Unsere Best-Case-Kriterien stellen dar, was wir uns von einem perfekten Projekt
|
||||
- Sollte auf Open-Source-Software basieren.
|
||||
- Sollte keine IP-Adressen von Tor-Ausgangsknoten blockieren.
|
||||
|
||||
[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
|
||||
[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
|
||||
[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
|
||||
[^1]: Brave Search sammelt aggregierte Nutzungsmetriken, die das Betriebssystem und den Benutzeragenten umfassen. Sie sammeln jedoch keine personenbezogenen Daten. Um [anonyme lokale Ergebnisse](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results) zu liefern, werden IP-Adressen vorübergehend verarbeitet, aber nicht gespeichert. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
|
||||
[^2]: DuckDuckGo **protokolliert zwar** deine Suchanfragen zum Zwecke der Produktverbesserung, jedoch nicht deine IP-Adresse oder andere PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
|
||||
[^3]: Startpage protokolliert Details wie Betriebssystem, Benutzeragent und Sprache. Sie protokollieren weder deine IP-Adresse noch deine Suchanfragen oder andere PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user