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@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ title: 通用标准
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- 必须披露隶属关系，即您在提交的项目中的职位。
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- Must have a security whitepaper if it is a project that involves handling of sensitive information like a messenger, password manager, encrypted cloud storage, etc.
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- 如果是涉及处理敏感信息的项目，如信息软件、密码管理器、加密云存储等，必须有一份安全白皮书。
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- 第三方审计情况。 我们想知道你是否有一个或计划了一个。 如果可能，请说明谁将进行审计。
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- 必须解释该项目在隐私方面带来了什么。
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@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ title: 支持我们
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如果你想在经济上支持我们，对我们来说，最方便的方法是通过Open Collective捐款，这是一个由我们的财政主机运营的网站。 Open Collective接受通过信用卡/借记卡、PayPal和银行转账付款。
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[Donate on OpenCollective.com](https://opencollective.com/privacyguides/donate){ class="md-button md-button--primary" }
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[在 OpenCollective.com 上捐款](https://opencollective.com/privacyguides/donate){ class="md-button md-buttonon--primary" }
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在美国，直接捐给我们Open Collective的捐款通常是可以免税的，因为我们的财政主机（Open Collective基金会）是一个注册的501（c）3组织。 捐赠后，你会收到开放集体基金会的收据。 《隐私指南》不提供财务建议，你应该联系你的税务顾问，了解这是否适用于你。
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@ -15,9 +15,9 @@ title: 支持我们
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[在GitHub上赞助我们](https://github.com/sponsors/privacyguides ""){.md-button}
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Another option to support us is by buying our merchandise from HelloTux. We get roughly $4 for every shirt sold, and you get a quality product to show for it.
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另一种支持我们的方式是在 HelloTux 购买我们的商品。 每卖出一件衬衫，我们就能得到大约 4 美元，而你也能得到一件优质产品。
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[Buy on HelloTux.com](https://hellotux.com/privacyguides){ class="md-button" }
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[在 HelloTux.com 购买](https://hellotux.com/privacyguides){ class="md-button" }
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## 支持者
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@ -6,16 +6,16 @@ description: Tor是一个免费使用的去中心化网络，专为尽量隐私
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Tor是一个免费使用的去中心化网络，专为尽量隐私地使用互联网而设计。 如果使用得当，该网络可以实现隐私且匿名地浏览和通信。
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## Path Building to Clearnet Services
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## 建立通往公开网络服务的链路
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"Clearnet services" are websites which you can access with any browser, like [privacyguides.org](https://www.privacyguides.org). Tor lets you connect to these websites anonymously by routing your traffic through a network comprised of thousands of volunteer-run servers called nodes (or relays).
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公开网络服务是您可以使用任何浏览器访问的网站，例如 [privacyguides.org](https://www.privacyguides.org)。 Tor的工作原理是通过一个由数千个志愿者运行的服务器（称为节点或中继）组成的网络路由您的流量。
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Every time you [connect to Tor](../tor.md), it will choose three nodes to build a path to the internet—this path is called a "circuit."
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每次你连接到 [Tor](../tor.md)，它都会选择三个节点来建立一条通往互联网的路径——这条路径被称为“链路”。
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<figure markdown>
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<figcaption>Tor circuit pathway</figcaption>
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<figcaption>Tor 链路</figcaption>
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</figure>
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每个节点都有自己的功能：
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@ -38,16 +38,16 @@ Every time you [connect to Tor](../tor.md), it will choose three nodes to build
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出口节点将从运行有出口中继标志的所有可用Tor节点中随机选择。[^2]
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## Path Building to Onion Services
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## 建立通往暗网网络服务的链路
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"Onion Services" (also commonly referred to as "hidden services") are websites which can only be accessed by the Tor browser. These websites have a long randomly generated domain name ending with `.onion`.
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暗网服务是只能通过 Tor 浏览器访问的网站。 这些网站有一个以 `.onion` 结尾的随机生成的长域名。
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Connecting to an Onion Service in Tor works very similarly to connecting to a clearnet service, but your traffic is routed through a total of **six** nodes before reaching the destination server. Just like before however, only three of these nodes are contributing to *your* anonymity, the other three nodes protect *the Onion Service's* anonymity, hiding the website's true IP and location in the same manner that Tor Browser is hiding yours.
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在 Tor 中连接到暗网服务的工作原理与连接到公网服务非常相似，但在到达目的地服务器之前，你的流量会经过**六个**节点。 不过，和前面一样，这些节点中只有三个有助于*你*的匿名性，其他三个节点保护*暗网服务*的匿名性，隐藏网站的真实 IP 和位置，就像 Tor 浏览器隐藏你的网站一样。
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<figure style="width:100%" markdown>
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<figcaption>Tor circuit pathway with Onion Services. Nodes in the <span class="pg-blue">blue</span> fence belong to your browser, while nodes in the <span class="pg-red">red</span> fence belong to the server, so their identity is hidden from you.</figcaption>
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<figcaption>使用暗网服务的 Tor 链路。 <span class="pg-blue">蓝色</span> 方框中的节点属于您的浏览器，而 <span class="pg-red">红色</span> 方框中的节点属于服务器，因此它们的身份对您是隐藏的。</figcaption>
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</figure>
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## 加密
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@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ Tor用出口、中间和入口节点的密钥对每个数据包（一个传输
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## 其它资源
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- [Tor浏览器用户手册](https://tb-manual.torproject.org)
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- [How Tor Works - Computerphile](https://invidious.privacyguides.net/embed/QRYzre4bf7I?local=true) <small>(YouTube)</small>
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- [Tor Onion Services - Computerphile](https://invidious.privacyguides.net/embed/lVcbq_a5N9I?local=true) <small>(YouTube)</small>
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- [Tor 是如何工作的 - Computerphile](https://invidious.privacyguides.net/embed/QRYzre4bf7I?local=true) <small>(YouTube)</small>
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- [Tor 暗网服务 - Computerphile](https://invidious.privacyguides.net/embed/lVcbq_a5N9I?local=true) <small>(YouTube)</small>
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[^1]: 您线路上的第一个中继称为“入口警卫“或“警卫”。 它是一个快速而稳定的中继，会在2-3个月内持续作为你的线路的第一个中继，以防止已知的破坏匿名性的攻击。 你的线路其余部分会随着你访问的每个新网站而改变，所有这些中继器一起提供Tor的全部隐私保护。 关于警卫中继器如何工作的更多信息，请参阅这篇 [博文](https://blog.torproject.org/improving-tors-anonymity-changing-guard-parameters) 和 [关于入口警卫的论文](https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~hoppernj/single_guard.pdf)。 ([https://support.torproject.org/tbb/tbb-2/](https://support.torproject.org/tbb/tbb-2/))
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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---
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title: "删除帐户"
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icon: '资料/账户-删除'
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description: It's easy to accumulate a large number of internet accounts, here are some tips on how to prune your collection.
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description: 积累大量互联网账户很容易，这里有一些关于如何控制您的账户数量的小贴士。
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---
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随着时间的推移，很容易积累一些在线账户，其中许多账户你可能不再使用。 删除这些未使用的账户是找回隐私的一个重要步骤，因为休眠账户很容易受到数据泄露的影响。 数据泄露是指一项服务的安全性受到损害，受保护的信息被未经授权的人查看、传输或窃取。 不幸的是，而今数据泄露 [太过于常见](https://haveibeenpwned.com/PwnedWebsites) ，因此保持良好的数字卫生是将它们对你生活的影响降到最低的最好方法。 本指南的目标就是引导您经由令人讨厌的帐户删除过程来优化你的线上生活，这些过程通常采用了 [欺骗性设计](https://www.deceptive.design/)使得其变得更加困难。
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@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ description: It's easy to accumulate a large number of internet accounts, here a
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- Windows [Credential Manager](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/accessing-credential-manager-1b5c916a-6a16-889f-8581-fc16e8165ac0)
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- macOS [Passwords](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211145)
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- iOS [Passwords](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211146)
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- Linux, Gnome Keyring, which can be accessed through [Seahorse](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Seahorse) or [KDE Wallet Manager](https://userbase.kde.org/KDE_Wallet_Manager)
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- Linux 上有 Gnome Keyring，可以通过 [Seahorse](https://wiki.gnome.org/Apps/Seahorse) 或 [KDE Wallet Manager](https://userbase.kde.org/KDE_Wallet_Manager) 访问。
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### DNS
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### 电子邮箱
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如果你过去没有使用密码管理器，或者你认为你有从未被添加到密码管理器的账户，另一个选择是搜索印象里当时注册用的电子邮箱。 在你的电子邮件客户端，搜索关键词，如 "验证 "或 "欢迎"。 几乎每次您创建在线帐户时，注册的服务都会向您的电子邮箱发送验证链接或介绍性消息。 这可能是找到被遗忘的旧账户的一个好方法。
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@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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---
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title: "常见误区"
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icon: 'material/robot-confused'
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description: Privacy isn't a straightforward topic, and it's easy to get caught up in marketing claims and other disinformation.
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description: 隐私并不是一个简单明了的话题，而且很容易被市场宣传和其他虚假信息所迷惑。
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schema:
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-
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"@context": https://schema.org
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@ -9,33 +9,33 @@ schema:
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mainEntity:
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-
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"@type": Question
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name: Is open source software inherently secure?
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name: 开源软件一定安全吗？
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acceptedAnswer:
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"@type": Answer
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text: |
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Whether the source code is available and how software is licensed does not inherently affect its security in any way. Open-source software has the potential to be more secure than proprietary software, but there is absolutely no guarantee this is the case. When you evaluate software, you should look at the reputation and security of each tool on an individual basis.
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源代码是否可用以及软件的许可方式本身并不会对其安全性产生任何影响。 开源软件有可能比专有软件更安全，但不能保证一定如此。 在评估软件时，应逐一查看每个软件的声誉和安全性。
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-
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"@type": Question
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name: Can shifting trust to another provider increase privacy?
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name: 将信任转给另一家服务提供商能否提高隐私保护？
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acceptedAnswer:
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"@type": Answer
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text: |
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在讨论像VPN这样的解决方案时，我们经常谈到 "转移信任"（它将你对ISP的信任转移到VPN供应商身上）。 While this protects your browsing data from your ISP specifically, the VPN provider you choose still has access to your browsing data: Your data isn't completely secured from all parties.
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在讨论像VPN这样的解决方案时，我们经常谈到 "转移信任"（它将你对ISP的信任转移到VPN供应商身上）。 虽然这可以保护你的浏览数据不被 ISP 知晓，但你选择的 VPN 供应商仍然可以访问你的浏览数据。你的数据并不是全方位保护的。
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-
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"@type": Question
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name: Are privacy-focused solutions inherently trustworthy?
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name: 注重隐私的解决方案一定可信吗？
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acceptedAnswer:
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"@type": Answer
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text: |
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仅仅关注一个工具或供应商的隐私政策和营销，会让你看不到它的弱点。 当你在寻找一个更私人的解决方案时，你应该确定根本的问题是什么，并为这个问题找到技术解决方案。 例如，您可能希望避免使用Google云端硬盘，因为它允许Google访问您的所有数据。 The underlying problem in this case is lack of E2EE, so you should make sure that the provider you switch to actually implements E2EE, or use a tool (like Cryptomator) which provides E2EE on any cloud provider. 转换到一个 "注重隐私 "的供应商（不实施E2EE）并不能解决你的问题：它只是将信任从谷歌转移到该供应商。
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仅仅关注一个工具或供应商的隐私政策和营销，会让你看不到它的弱点。 当你在寻找一个更私人的解决方案时，你应该确定根本的问题是什么，并为这个问题找到技术解决方案。 例如，您可能希望避免使用Google云端硬盘，因为它允许Google访问您的所有数据。 这种情况下的根本问题是缺乏端对端加密，所以你应该确保你切换到的供应商确实实现了端对端加密，或者使用一个工具（如 Cryptomator），在任何云供应商上使用端对端加密。 转换到一个 "注重隐私 "的供应商（不实施E2EE）并不能解决你的问题：它只是将信任从谷歌转移到该供应商。
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-
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"@type": Question
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name: How complicated should my threat model be?
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name: 我的威胁模型应该有多复杂？
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acceptedAnswer:
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"@type": Answer
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text: |
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我们经常看到人们描述的隐私威胁模型过于复杂。 通常情况下，这些解决方案包括许多不同的电子邮件账户或有许多移动部件和条件的复杂设置等问题。 The replies are usually answers to "What is the best way to do X?"
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为自己寻找 "最佳 "解决方案并不一定意味着你要追求一个有几十种条件的无懈可击的解决方案--这些解决方案往往难以现实地发挥作用。 正如我们之前所讨论的，安全往往是以便利为代价的。
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我们经常看到人们描述的隐私威胁模型过于复杂。 通常情况下，这些解决方案包括许多不同的电子邮件账户或有许多移动部件和条件的复杂设置等问题。 答案的问题通常是“达到 × 的最佳方式是什么？”。
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为自己寻找 "最佳 "解决方案并不一定意味着你要追求一个有几十种条件的无懈可击的解决方案——这些解决方案往往难以现实地发挥作用。 正如我们之前所讨论的，安全往往是以便利为代价的。
|
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---
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## “开源软件始终是安全的”或“专有软件更安全”
|
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@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ schema:
|
||||
|
||||
我们经常看到人们描述的隐私威胁模型过于复杂。 通常情况下，这些解决方案包括许多不同的电子邮件账户或有许多移动部件和条件的复杂设置等问题。 答案通常是“做 *×*的最佳方式是什么？”。
|
||||
|
||||
为自己寻找 "最佳 "解决方案并不一定意味着你要追求一个有几十种条件的无懈可击的解决方案--这些解决方案往往难以现实地发挥作用。 正如我们之前所讨论的，安全往往是以便利为代价的。 下面，我们提供一些提示。
|
||||
为自己寻找 "最佳 "解决方案并不一定意味着你要追求一个有几十种条件的无懈可击的解决方案——这些解决方案往往难以现实地发挥作用。 正如我们之前所讨论的，安全往往是以便利为代价的。 下面，我们提供一些提示。
|
||||
|
||||
1. ==行动需要服务于一个特定的目的：==思考如何用最少的行动完成你想要的东西。
|
||||
2. ==消除人类的失败点：==我们会失败，会累，会忘记事情。 为了维护安全，避免依赖你必须记住的手动条件和流程。
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: "常见威胁"
|
||||
icon: '资料/视野'
|
||||
description: Your threat model is personal to you, but these are some of the things many visitors to this site care about.
|
||||
description: 您的威胁模式是您自己量身定制的，但这些是本网站许多访客都关心的一些问题。
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
广义而言，可以将我们有关[威胁](threat-modeling.md) 或者适用于大多数人的目标的建议分为这几类。 ==你可能关注其中零个、 一个、 几个、 或所有这些可能性==， 你应该使用的工具和服务取决于你的目标。 你可能也有这些类别之外的特定威胁，这完全可以！ 重要的是要去了解您选择的这些工具的优缺点，因为也许任何工具都不能够保护您免受所有可以想象到的威胁。
|
||||
@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ description: Your threat model is personal to you, but these are some of the thi
|
||||
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||||
如果你想了解更多关于监视方法以及它们在你的城市是如何实施的，你也可以看看[电子前沿基金会](https://atlasofsurveillance.org/)的[监视地图]。
|
||||
|
||||
In France you can take a look at the [Technolopolice website](https://technopolice.fr/villes/) maintained by the non-profit association La Quadrature du Net.
|
||||
在法国，你可以看看由非营利协会 La Quadrature du Net 维护的[Technolopolice 网站](https://technopolice.fr/villes/)。
|
||||
|
||||
政府经常为大规模监控项目辩护，认为这是打击恐怖主义和防止犯罪的必要手段。 然而，它侵犯人权，最常被用来不成比例地针对少数群体和持不同政见者等。
|
||||
|
||||
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@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
meta_title: "Threat Modeling: The First Step on Your Privacy Journey - Privacy Guides"
|
||||
meta_title: "威胁模型：隐私之旅的第一步 - Privacy Guides"
|
||||
title: "威胁模型"
|
||||
icon: '资料/目标账户'
|
||||
description: Balancing security, privacy, and usability is one of the first and most difficult tasks you'll face on your privacy journey.
|
||||
description: 在安全、隐私和可用性之间取得平衡是你在隐私之路上面临的首要和最困难的任务之一。
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
Balancing security, privacy, and usability is one of the first and most difficult tasks you'll face on your privacy journey. 每件事都是一种权衡：越是安全的东西，一般来说限制性越强或越不方便，等等。 人们经常会发现这些推荐的工具最大的问题就是太难于上手使用！
|
||||
在安全、隐私和可用性之间取得平衡是你在隐私之路上面临的首要和最困难的任务之一。 每件事都是一种权衡：越是安全的东西，一般来说限制性越强或越不方便，等等。 人们经常会发现这些推荐的工具最大的问题就是太难于上手使用！
|
||||
|
||||
如果你想使用**最安全**的工具，你就必须牺牲很多*的可用性*。 即使如此，==没有什么是完全安全的。== 有 **高度**安全 ，但从来没有**完全**安全。 这就是为什么威胁模型很重要。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,50 +1,50 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
title: "Why Privacy Matters"
|
||||
title: "隐私为何重要"
|
||||
icon: 'material/shield-account'
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
In the modern age of digital data exploitation, your privacy has never been more critical, and yet many believe it is already a lost cause. It is not. ==Your privacy is up for grabs==, and you need to care about it. Privacy is about power, and it is so important that this power ends up in the right hands.
|
||||
在数据被大量利用的现代，你的隐私从未这样重要，但许多人却以为这已经是一个无法解决的问题。 事实并非如此。 ===你的隐私正在被腐蚀===，所以你需要在意它。 隐私关乎权力，而这种权力必须掌握在正确的人手中。
|
||||
|
||||
Privacy is ultimately about human information, and this is important because we know that human information confers power over human beings. If we care about our ability to be authentic, fulfilled, and free humans, we have to care about the rules that apply to information about us. So much of our modern society is structured around **information**. When you shop online, read the news, look something up, vote, seek directions, or really anything else, you are relying on information. If we live in an information society, our information matters, and therefore privacy matters.
|
||||
隐私归根结底与人们的信息有关，这一点很重要，因为我们知道人们的信息会赋予控制他们的权力。 如果我们在意自己能否成为真实、充实和自由的人，我们就必须关心适用于有关我们的信息的规则。 我们现代社会的大部分都是围绕着 **信息** 来构建的。 当你在网上购物、阅读新闻、查找资料、投票、问路或做其他任何事情时，你都依赖于信息。 如果我们生活在一个信息社会，我们的信息就很重要，因此隐私也很重要。
|
||||
|
||||
## What is Privacy?
|
||||
## 什么是隐私？
|
||||
|
||||
Many people get the concepts of **privacy**, **security**, and **anonymity** confused. You'll see people criticize various products as "not private" when really they mean it doesn't provide anonymity, for example. On this website, we cover all three of these topics, but it is important you understand the difference between them, and when each one comes into play.
|
||||
许多人会混淆 **隐私**、 **安全**和 **匿名** 的概念。 例如，你会看到有人批评各种产品 "不私密"，但他们的意思其实是这些产品不提供匿名性。 在本网站上，我们这三个主题都会介绍，但重要的是，你要了解它们之间的区别，以及每一个主题何时发挥作用。
|
||||
|
||||
**隐私**
|
||||
:
|
||||
|
||||
==Privacy is the assurance that your data is only seen by the parties you intend to view it.== In the context of an instant messenger, for example, end-to-end encryption provides privacy by keeping your message visible only to yourself and the recipient.
|
||||
==隐私是您的数据只会被您想要查看这些数据的当事人看到的保证。== 举个即时通讯软件的例子，端到端加密让只有您本人和收件人才能看到您的消息，从而提供隐私。
|
||||
|
||||
**安全性**
|
||||
:
|
||||
|
||||
Security is the ability to trust the applications you use—that the parties involved are who they say they are—and keep those applications safe. In the context of browsing the web, for example, security can be provided by HTTPS certificates.
|
||||
安全是相信你所使用的应用程序的能力，相信相关各方都是真实的，并能够保证这些应用程序的安全。 例如，在浏览网页时，HTTPS 证书就能提供安全保障。
|
||||
:
|
||||
|
||||
Certificates prove you are talking directly to the website you're visiting, and keep attackers on your network from reading or modifying the data sent to or from the website.
|
||||
证书可以证明你是在直接与正在访问的网站对话，并防止网络攻击者读取或修改发送到网站或来自网站的数据。
|
||||
|
||||
**Anonymity**
|
||||
**匿名性**
|
||||
:
|
||||
|
||||
Anonymity is the ability to act without a persistent identifier. You might achieve this online with [Tor](../tor.md), which allows you to browse the internet with a random IP address and network connection instead of your own.
|
||||
匿名性是在没有持久标识符的情况下采取行动的能力。 在浏览时，您可以通过 [Tor](../tor.md) 实现这一目标，它允许您使用随机 IP 地址和网络连接而不是自己的 IP 地址和网络连接来浏览互联网。
|
||||
:
|
||||
|
||||
**Pseudonymity** is a similar concept, but it allows you to have a persistent identifier without it being tied to your real identity. If everybody knows you as `@GamerGuy12` online, but nobody knows your real name, that is your pseudonym.
|
||||
**假名** 是一个类似的概念，但它允许你拥有一个不与你的真实身份绑定的持久的标识符。 如果你在网上人尽皆知的名字是 `@GamerGuy12` ，但没人知道你的真名，这就是你的假名。
|
||||
|
||||
All of these concepts overlap, but it is possible to have any combination of these. The sweet spot for most people is when all three of these concepts overlap. However, it's trickier to achieve than many initially believe. Sometimes, you have to compromise on some of these, and that's okay too. This is where **threat modeling** comes into play, allowing you to make informed decisions about the [software and services](../tools.md) you use.
|
||||
所有这些概念都相互重叠，也可以任意组合。 对大多数人来说，这三个概念重叠时才是最佳状态。 然而，要做到这一点比许多人最初认为的要困难得多。 有时，你必须在其中一些方面做出妥协，这也没什么关系。 这就是**威胁模型**发挥作用的地方，它可以让您对您使用的[软件和服务](../tools.md)做出明智的决定。
|
||||
|
||||
[:material-book-outline: Learn More About Threat Modeling](threat-modeling.md ""){.md-button}
|
||||
[:material-book-outline: 进一步了解威胁建模](threat-modeling.md ""){.md-button}
|
||||
|
||||
## Privacy vs. Secrecy
|
||||
## 隐私与保密
|
||||
|
||||
A common counter-argument to pro-privacy movements is the notion that one doesn't need privacy if they have **"nothing to hide."** This is a dangerous misconception, because it creates a sense that people who demand privacy must be deviant, criminal, or wrong.
|
||||
一个反对隐私运动的常见观点是，如果一个人**“没什么可隐瞒的”**，就不需要隐私。这是一种危险的误解，因为它会让人觉得寻求隐私的人一定是离经叛道、犯罪或犯错的人。
|
||||
|
||||
==You shouldn't confuse privacy with secrecy.== We know what happens in the bathroom, but you still close the door. That's because you want privacy, not secrecy. There are always certain facts about us—say, personal health information, or sexual behavior—that we wouldn't want the whole world to know, and that's okay. The need for privacy is legitimate, and that's what makes us human. Privacy is about empowering your rights over your own information, not about hiding secrets.
|
||||
==不能将隐私与保密混为一谈。== 我们都知道厕所是干什么的，但还是会关门。 那是因为你想要的事隐私，而不是保密。 关于我们自己，总有一些事情（例如个人健康信息或性行为）是我们不希望全世界都知道的，这十分正常。 对隐私的需求是合理的，这是我们的人性所在。 隐私是赋予你对自己信息的权利，而不是隐藏秘密。
|
||||
|
||||
## Is Privacy About Control?
|
||||
## 隐私与控制有关吗？
|
||||
|
||||
A common definition of privacy is that it is the ability to *control* who has access to your data. This is an easy trap to fall into, in fact it is the definition of privacy we operated this website on for a long time. It sounds nice, and it appeals to many people, but in practice it just doesn't work.
|
||||
隐私的一个常见定义是，它是*控制*谁能访问您的数据的能力。 This is an easy trap to fall into, in fact it is the definition of privacy we operated this website on for a long time. It sounds nice, and it appeals to many people, but in practice it just doesn't work.
|
||||
|
||||
Take cookie consent forms, for example. You may encounter these dozens of times per day on the various websites you visit, with a nice array of checkboxes and sliders which allow you to "curate" your preferences to exactly fit your needs. In the end, we just hit the "I Agree" button, because we just want to read the article or make a purchase. Nobody wants to complete a personal privacy audit on every single website they visit. This is an exercise in [choice architecture](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choice_architecture), designed to make you take the easy route out instead of delving into a maze of configuration options that don't need to exist in the first place.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
meta_title: "Privacy Respecting Web Browsers for PC and Mac - Privacy Guides"
|
||||
meta_title: "尊重隐私的 PC 和 Mac 网络浏览器 - Privacy Guides"
|
||||
title: "电脑浏览器"
|
||||
icon: material/laptop
|
||||
description: These web browsers provide stronger privacy protections than Google Chrome.
|
||||
description: 这些浏览器比 Google Chrome 浏览器提供更强的隐私保护。
|
||||
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
|
||||
schema:
|
||||
-
|
||||
"@context": http://schema.org
|
||||
"@type": WebPage
|
||||
name: Private Desktop Browser Recommendations
|
||||
name: 隐私桌面浏览器建议
|
||||
url: "./"
|
||||
relatedLink: "../mobile-browsers/"
|
||||
-
|
||||
@ -82,17 +82,17 @@ schema:
|
||||
|
||||
与 [Tor Browser](tor.md)一样，Mullvad Browser 的设计也是通过使您的浏览器指纹与所有其他 Mullvad Browser 用户完全相来了防止指纹识别。它自带了默认设置和扩展程序，这些会由设置的安全级别自动配置： *标准*, *更安全* 和 *最安全*。 因此，在调整自带的 [安全级别](https://tb-manual.torproject.org/security-settings/) 之外，请务必不要对浏览器进行任何修改。 其他修改会使您的指纹变得独一无二，从而失去使用该浏览器的意义。 如果你想对浏览器进行更多的配置而且不担心指纹识别，我们建议你使用 [Firefox](#firefox)。
|
||||
|
||||
### Anti-Fingerprinting
|
||||
### 防指纹
|
||||
|
||||
**Without** using a [VPN](vpn.md), Mullvad Browser provides the same protections against [naive fingerprinting scripts](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.3-Overrides-%5BTo-RFP-or-Not%5D#-fingerprinting) as other private browsers like Firefox+[Arkenfox](#arkenfox-advanced) or [Brave](#brave). Mullvad Browser provides these protections out of the box, at the expense of some flexibility and convenience that other private browsers can provide.
|
||||
在**不使用** [VPN](vpn.md)的情况下，Mullvad 浏览器提供的对 [天真的指纹脚本](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.3-Overrides-%5BTo-RFP-or-Not%5D#-fingerprinting) 的保护与其他隐私浏览器（如 Firefox+[Arkenfox](#arkenfox-advanced) 或 [Brave](#brave)）相同。 Mullvad 浏览器自带这些保护，但牺牲了其他隐私浏览器提供的一些灵活性和便利性。
|
||||
|
||||
==For the strongest anti-fingerprinting protection, we recommend using Mullvad Browser in conjunction **with** a VPN==, whether that is Mullvad or another recommended VPN provider. When using a VPN with Mullvad Browser, you will share a fingerprint and a pool of IP addresses with many other users, giving you a "crowd" to blend in with. This strategy is the only way to thwart advanced tracking scripts, and is the same anti-fingerprinting technique used by Tor Browser.
|
||||
==为了最完善的反指纹保护，我们建议将 Mullvad 浏览器与 **和** VPN== 结合使用，无论是 Mullvad 还是其他推荐的 VPN 提供商。 在使用 Mullvad 浏览器的 VPN 时，你将与许多其他用户共享一个指纹和一个 IP 地址池，使你混入“人群”。 这种策略是挫败进阶跟踪脚本的唯一方法，与 Tor 浏览器使用的反指纹技术相同。
|
||||
|
||||
Note that while you can use Mullvad Browser with any VPN provider, other people on that VPN must also be using Mullvad Browser for this "crowd" to exist, something which is more likely on Mullvad VPN compared to other providers, particularly this close to the launch of Mullvad Browser. Mullvad Browser does not have built-in VPN connectivity, nor does it check whether you are using a VPN before browsing; your VPN connection has to be configured and managed separately.
|
||||
请注意，虽然您可以和任何 VPN 提供商一起使用 Mullvad 浏览器，但该 VPN 上的其他人也必须使用 Mullvad 浏览器才会有“人群”存在。与其他提供商相比，Mullvad VPN 更有可能保证这种情况，尤其是在 Mullvad 浏览器刚刚发布的当下。 Mullvad 浏览器没有内置 VPN 连接，也不会在浏览前检查你是否在使用 VPN；你的 VPN 连接必须单独配置和管理。
|
||||
|
||||
Mullvad Browser comes with the *uBlock Origin* and *NoScript* browser extensions pre-installed. While we typically [don't recommend](#extensions) adding *additional* browser extensions, these extensions that come pre-installed with the browser should **not** be removed or configured outside their default values, because doing so would noticeably make your browser fingerprint distinct from other Mullvad Browser users. It also comes pre-installed with the Mullvad Browser Extension, which *can* be safely removed without impacting your browser fingerprint if you would like, but is also safe to keep even if you don't use Mullvad VPN.
|
||||
Mullvad 浏览器预装了 *uBlock Origin* 和 *NoScript* 浏览器扩展程序。 虽然我们通常 [不建议](#extensions) 添加 *额外的* 浏览器扩展程序，但浏览器预装的这些扩展 程序**不应** 删除或配置为默认之外的设置，因为这样做会使您的浏览器指纹明显有别于其他 Mullvad 浏览器用户。 它还预装了 Mullvad 浏览器扩展程序，这个拓展程序*可以* 安全地移除，不会影响你的浏览器指纹，但即使你不使用 Mullvad VPN，保留它也不会有问题。
|
||||
|
||||
### Private Browsing Mode
|
||||
### 无痕模式
|
||||
|
||||
Mullvad 浏览器一直在无痕浏览模式下运行，这意味着每次关闭浏览器时，你的历史记录、cookies 和其他网站数据都会被清除。 您的书签、浏览器设置和扩展程序设置会被保留。
|
||||
|
||||
@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ Mullvad 浏览器将 DuckDuckGo 设置为默认的 [搜索引擎](search-engines
|
||||
|
||||
[Arkenfox项目](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js) ，为Firefox提供了一套精心考虑的选项。 如果你 [决定](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/1.1-To-Arkenfox-or-Not) 使用Arkenfox，有几个 [选项](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.2-Overrides-[Common]) 是主观严格的和/或可能导致一些网站不能正常工作-- [，你可以很容易地改变](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/3.1-Overrides) 以满足你的需要。 我们 **，强烈建议** ，阅读其完整的 [wiki](https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki)。 Arkenfox还能支持 [容器](https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/containers#w_for-advanced-users)。
|
||||
|
||||
Arkenfox only aims to thwart basic or naive tracking scripts through canvas randomization and Firefox's built-in fingerprint resistance configuration settings. It does not aim to make your browser blend in with a large crowd of other Arkenfox users in the same way Mullvad Browser or Tor Browser do, which is the only way to thwart advanced fingerprint tracking scripts. Remember you can always use multiple browsers, for example, you could consider using Firefox+Arkenfox for a few sites that you want to stay logged in on or otherwise trust, and Mullvad Browser for general browsing.
|
||||
Arkenfox 的目标只是通过 canvas 随机化和 Firefox 内置的抗指纹配置设置来挫败基本的或幼稚的跟踪脚本。 它不会像 Mullvad 浏览器或 Tor 浏览器那样，让你的浏览器与一大群其他用户融为一体，所以不会阻挡进阶的指纹跟踪脚本。 当然，您可以同时使用多种浏览器，例如，您可以考虑使用 Firefox+Arkenfox 浏览一些需要保持登录状态或着您信任的网站，并使用 Mullvad 浏览器进行一般浏览。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -268,13 +268,13 @@ Shields的选项可以根据需要在每个站点的基础上进行降级，但
|
||||
？? warning "Use default filter lists"
|
||||
Brave允许你在内部`brave://adblock`页面中选择额外的内容过滤器。 我们建议不要使用这个功能；相反，保留默认的过滤列表。 使用额外的列表会使你从其他Brave用户中脱颖而出，如果Brave中存在漏洞，恶意规则被添加到你使用的列表中，也可能增加攻击面。
|
||||
|
||||
- [x] Select **Strict** under **Upgrade connections to HTTPS**
|
||||
- [x] (Optional) Select **Block Scripts** (1)
|
||||
- [x] Select **Strict, may break sites** under Block fingerprinting
|
||||
- [x] 在 “将连接升级到 HTTPS” 下选择 “**严格**”
|
||||
- [x] （可选） 选择 “**阻止脚本**” (1)
|
||||
- [x] 在 “阻止指纹” 下选择 “**严格，可能会破坏网站**”。
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
1. This option provides functionality similar to uBlock Origin's advanced [blocking modes](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Blocking-mode) or the [NoScript](https://noscript.net/) extension.
|
||||
1. 该选项提供的功能类似于 uBlock Origin 的进阶 [拦截模式](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Blocking-mode) 或着 [NoScript](https://noscript.net/) 扩展。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ Shields的选项可以根据需要在每个站点的基础上进行降级，但
|
||||
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
|
||||
1. Brave是 **，而不是** ，对指纹的抵抗力不如Tor浏览器，而且使用Brave和Tor的人要少得多，所以你会脱颖而出。 在需要强大的匿名性的地方 [](https://support.brave.com/hc/en-us/articles/360018121491-What-is-a-Private-Window-with-Tor-Connectivity-) ，使用 [Tor浏览器](tor.md#tor-browser)。
|
||||
1. Brave 对指纹的抵抗力**不如** Tor 浏览器，而且使用 Brave 的 Tor 功能的人要少得多，所以你的指纹会突出。 在 [需要强大的匿名性的地方](https://support.brave.com/hc/en-us/articles/360018121491-What-is-a-Private-Window-with-Tor-Connectivity-) ，使用 [Tor 浏览器](tor.md#tor-browser)。
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@ -312,20 +312,20 @@ Shields的选项可以根据需要在每个站点的基础上进行降级，但
|
||||
在 **Extensions**，禁用你不使用的内置扩展程序。
|
||||
|
||||
- [ ] 取消勾选 **Hangouts**
|
||||
- [] 取消勾选 **WebTorrent**
|
||||
- [ ] 取消勾选 **WebTorrent**
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
##### Web3
|
||||
|
||||
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
|
||||
Brave 的 Web3 功能可能会增加浏览器指纹和攻击面。 如果您不使用这些功能，应将其禁用。
|
||||
|
||||
- Select **Extensions (no fallback)** under Default Ethereum wallet and Default Solana wallet
|
||||
- Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
##### System
|
||||
##### 系统
|
||||
|
||||
<div class="annotate" markdown>
|
||||
|
||||
@ -413,11 +413,11 @@ These are some other [filter lists](https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Dashb
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
### Best-Case
|
||||
### 最好情况
|
||||
|
||||
Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect project in this category. Our recommendations may not include any or all of this functionality, but those which do may rank higher than others on this page.
|
||||
我们的最佳情况代表了我们希望从这个类别中的完美项目中看到的东西。 我们的推荐可能不包括任何或所有这些功能，但那些包含这些功能的推荐可能比本页面上的其他推荐排名更高。
|
||||
|
||||
- Includes built-in content blocking functionality.
|
||||
- 包括内置的内容拦截功能。
|
||||
- Supports cookie compartmentalization (à la [Multi-Account Containers](https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/kb/containers)).
|
||||
- Supports Progressive Web Apps.
|
||||
PWAs enable you to install certain websites as if they were native apps on your computer. This can have advantages over installing Electron-based apps, because you benefit from your browser's regular security updates.
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user