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New Crowdin Translations (#2074)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>
This commit is contained in:
Crowdin Bot
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---
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title: "Android"
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icon: 'simple/android'
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description: You can replace the operating system on your Android phone with these secure and privacy-respecting alternatives.
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---
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{ align=right }
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@@ -13,8 +14,9 @@ The **Android Open Source Project** is an open-source mobile operating system le
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Notavelmente, o GrapheneOS suporta [Sandboxed Google Play](https://grapheneos.org/usage#sandboxed-google-play). Os Serviços Google Play podem ser executados como um aplicativo de usuário regular e contidos em um perfil de trabalho ou usuário [perfil](/android/#android-security-privacy) de sua escolha.
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- [General Android Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](os/android-overview.md)
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- [Why we recommend GrapheneOS over CalyxOS :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/21/grapheneos-or-calyxos/)
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[General Android Overview :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](os/android-overview.md ""){.md-button}
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[Why we recommend GrapheneOS over CalyxOS :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/21/grapheneos-or-calyxos/ ""){.md-button}
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## Derivados AOSP
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@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ We recommend installing one of these custom Android operating systems on your de
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://grapheneos.org/source){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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[:octicons-heart-16:](https://grapheneos.org/donate){ .card-link title=Contribute }
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Para acomodar usuários que precisam dos Serviços do Google Play, CalyxOS opcionalmente inclui [MicroG](https://microg.org/). Com o MicroG, CalyxOS também agrupa no [Mozilla](https://location.services.mozilla.com/) e [DejaVu](https://github.com/n76/DejaVu) serviços de localização.
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GrapheneOS supports [Sandboxed Google Play](https://grapheneos.org/usage#sandboxed-google-play), which runs [Google Play Services](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Play_Services) fully sandboxed like any other regular app. This means you can take advantage of most Google Play Services, such as [push notifications](https://firebase.google.com/docs/cloud-messaging/), while giving you full control over their permissions and access, and while containing them to a specific [work profile](os/android-overview.md#work-profile) or [user profile](os/android-overview.md#user-profiles) of your choice.
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Google Pixel phones are the only devices that currently meet GrapheneOS's [hardware security requirements](https://grapheneos.org/faq#device-support).
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@@ -65,9 +67,9 @@ Google Pixel phones are the only devices that currently meet GrapheneOS's [hardw
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DivestOS has automated kernel vulnerability ([CVE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Vulnerabilities_and_Exposures)) [patching](https://gitlab.com/divested-mobile/cve_checker), fewer proprietary blobs, and a custom [hosts](https://divested.dev/index.php?page=dnsbl) file. Its hardened WebView, [Mulch](https://gitlab.com/divested-mobile/mulch), enables [CFI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control-flow_integrity) for all architectures and [network state partitioning](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Privacy/State_Partitioning), and receives out-of-band updates. DivestOS also includes kernel patches from GrapheneOS and enables all available kernel security features via [defconfig hardening](https://github.com/Divested-Mobile/DivestOS-Build/blob/master/Scripts/Common/Functions.sh#L758). All kernels newer than version 3.4 include full page [sanitization](https://lwn.net/Articles/334747/) and all ~22 Clang-compiled kernels have [`-ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero`](https://reviews.llvm.org/D54604?id=174471) enabled.
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DivestOS tem vulnerabilidade automática do kernel ([CVE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Vulnerabilities_and_Exposures)) [patching](https://gitlab.com/divested-mobile/cve_checker), menos blobs proprietários, um personalizado [hosts](https://divested.dev/index.php?page=dnsbl) arquivo, e [F-Droid](https://www.f-droid.org) como a loja de aplicativos. Inclui [UnifiedNlp](https://github.com/microg/UnifiedNlp) para localização da rede. 17.1 and higher features GrapheneOS's per-network full [MAC randomization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address#Randomization) option, [`ptrace_scope`](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/LSM/Yama.html) control, and automatic reboot/Wi-Fi/Bluetooth [timeout options](https://grapheneos.org/features).
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DivestOS implements some system hardening patches originally developed for GrapheneOS. DivestOS 16.0 and higher implements GrapheneOS's [`INTERNET`](https://developer.android.com/training/basics/network-ops/connecting) and SENSORS permission toggle, [hardened memory allocator](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc), [exec-spawning](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2022/04/21/grapheneos-or-calyxos/#additional-hardening), [JNI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface) [constification](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Const_(computer_programming)), and partial [bionic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionic_(software)) hardening patchsets. 17.1 and higher features GrapheneOS's per-network full [MAC randomization](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address#Randomization) option, [`ptrace_scope`](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/LSM/Yama.html) control, and automatic reboot/Wi-Fi/Bluetooth [timeout options](https://grapheneos.org/features).
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DivestOS também inclui correções do kernel do GrapheneOS e habilita todos os recursos de segurança do kernel disponíveis via [defconfig hardening](https://github.com/Divested-Mobile/DivestOS-Build/blob/master/Scripts/Common/Functions.sh#L758). Todos os kernels mais novos que a versão 3.4 incluem página completa [sanitização](https://lwn.net/Articles/334747/) e todos os ~22 kernels compilados por Clang têm [`-ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero`](https://reviews.llvm.org/D54604?id=174471) activado. However, doing so on DivestOS isn't viable; the developers update their apps via their own F-Droid repositories ([DivestOS Official](https://divestos.org/fdroid/official/?fingerprint=E4BE8D6ABFA4D9D4FEEF03CDDA7FF62A73FD64B75566F6DD4E5E577550BE8467) and [DivestOS WebView](https://divestos.org/fdroid/webview/?fingerprint=FB426DA1750A53D7724C8A582B4D34174E64A84B38940E5D5A802E1DFF9A40D2)). We recommend disabling the official F-Droid app and using [Neo Store](https://github.com/NeoApplications/Neo-Store/) with the DivestOS repositories enabled to keep those components up to date. For other apps, our recommended methods of obtaining them still apply.
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DivestOS uses F-Droid as its default app store. Normally, we would recommend avoiding F-Droid due to its numerous [security issues](#f-droid). However, doing so on DivestOS isn't viable; the developers update their apps via their own F-Droid repositories ([DivestOS Official](https://divestos.org/fdroid/official/?fingerprint=E4BE8D6ABFA4D9D4FEEF03CDDA7FF62A73FD64B75566F6DD4E5E577550BE8467) and [DivestOS WebView](https://divestos.org/fdroid/webview/?fingerprint=FB426DA1750A53D7724C8A582B4D34174E64A84B38940E5D5A802E1DFF9A40D2)). We recommend disabling the official F-Droid app and using [Neo Store](https://github.com/NeoApplications/Neo-Store/) with the DivestOS repositories enabled to keep those components up to date. For other apps, our recommended methods of obtaining them still apply.
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!!! Recomendamos que você verifique o [documentação](https://developers.yubico.com/SSH/) de Yubico sobre como configurar isso.
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@@ -79,13 +81,13 @@ DivestOS também inclui correções do kernel do GrapheneOS e habilita todos os
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When purchasing a device, we recommend getting one as new as possible. The software and firmware of mobile devices are only supported for a limited time, so buying new extends that lifespan as much as possible.
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Vários perfis de usuário (Configurações → Sistema → Vários usuários) são a maneira mais simples de isolar no Android. Com perfis de usuário você pode limitar um usuário de fazer chamadas, SMS ou instalar aplicativos no dispositivo. These phone variants will prevent you from installing any kind of alternative Android distribution.
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Avoid buying phones from mobile network operators. These often have a **locked bootloader** and do not support [OEM unlocking](https://source.android.com/devices/bootloader/locking_unlocking). These phone variants will prevent you from installing any kind of alternative Android distribution.
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Be very **careful** about buying second hand phones from online marketplaces. Always check the reputation of the seller. If the device is stolen, there's a possibility of [IMEI blacklisting](https://www.gsma.com/security/resources/imei-blacklisting/). There is also a risk involved with you being associated with the activity of the previous owner.
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A few more tips regarding Android devices and operating system compatibility:
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- Remoção automática de [Exif](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif) metadados (ativados por padrão)
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- Do not buy devices that have reached or are near their end-of-life, additional firmware updates must be provided by the manufacturer.
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- Do not buy preloaded LineageOS or /e/ OS phones or any Android phones without proper [Verified Boot](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot) support and firmware updates. These devices also have no way for you to check whether they've been tampered with.
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- In short, if a device or Android distribution is not listed here, there is probably a good reason. Check out our [forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/) to find details!
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@@ -108,12 +110,12 @@ Secure Elements like the Titan M2 are more limited than the processor's Trusted
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Google Pixel phones use a TEE OS called Trusty which is [open-source](https://source.android.com/security/trusty#whyTrusty), unlike many other phones.
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Os dados de cada usuário são criptografados usando sua própria chave de criptografia exclusiva, e os arquivos do sistema operacional são deixados não criptografados. O Boot Verificado garante a integridade dos arquivos do sistema operacional, impedindo que um adversário com acesso físico possa adulterar ou instalar malware no dispositivo.
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The installation of GrapheneOS on a Pixel phone is easy with their [web installer](https://grapheneos.org/install/web). If you don't feel comfortable doing it yourself and are willing to spend a bit of extra money, check out the [NitroPhone](https://shop.nitrokey.com/shop) as they come preloaded with GrapheneOS from the reputable [Nitrokey](https://www.nitrokey.com/about) company.
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A few more tips for purchasing a Google Pixel:
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- If you're after a bargain on a Pixel device, we suggest buying an "**a**" model, just after the next flagship is released. Discounts are usually available because Google will be trying to clear their stock.
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- Apenas o Google e os aplicativos de terceiros verificados podem acessar os dados da conta
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- Consider price beating options and specials offered at physical stores.
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- Look at online community bargain sites in your country. These can alert you to good sales.
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- Google provides a list showing the [support cycle](https://support.google.com/nexus/answer/4457705) for each one of their devices. The price per day for a device can be calculated as: $\text{Cost} \over \text {EOL Date}-\text{Current Date}$, meaning that the longer use of the device the lower cost per day.
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@@ -169,8 +171,8 @@ We recommend a wide variety of Android apps throughout this site. The apps liste
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Auditor performs attestation and intrusion detection by:
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- ⚙️ Configurações → Google → Anúncios
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- ⚙️ Configurações → Privacidade → Anúncios
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- Using a [Trust On First Use (TOFU)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trust_on_first_use) model between an *auditor* and *auditee*, the pair establish a private key in the [hardware-backed keystore](https://source.android.com/security/keystore/) of the *Auditor*.
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- The *auditor* can either be another instance of the Auditor app or the [Remote Attestation Service](https://attestation.app).
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- The *auditor* records the current state and configuration of the *auditee*.
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- Should tampering with the operating system of the *auditee* happen after the pairing is complete, the auditor will be aware of the change in the device state and configurations.
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- You will be alerted to the change.
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Main privacy features include:
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- Auto removal of [Exif](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif) metadata (enabled by default)
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- Considere as opções de preço e promoções oferecidas em [tijolo e argamassa](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brick_and_mortar) lojas.
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- Use of the new [Media](https://developer.android.com/training/data-storage/shared/media) API, therefore [storage permissions](https://developer.android.com/training/data-storage) are not required
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- Microphone permission not required unless you want to record sound
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!!! note
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@@ -361,5 +363,3 @@ That said, the [F-Droid](https://f-droid.org/en/packages/) and [IzzyOnDroid](htt
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- Applications on this page must not be applicable to any other software category on the site.
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- General applications should extend or replace core system functionality.
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- Applications should receive regular updates and maintenance.
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--8<-- "includes/abbreviations.pt.txt"
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