New Crowdin Translations (#2074)

Signed-off-by: Daniel Gray <dngray@privacyguides.org>

i18n/it/os/android-overview.md

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 ---
 title: Panoramica Android
 icon: fontawesome/brands/android
+description: Android is an open-source operating system with strong security protections, which makes it our top choice for phones.
 ---
 
 Android è un sistema operativo sicuro, dotato di [sandboxing delle app](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox), [Verified Boot](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot) (AVB) e di un robusto sistema di controllo delle [autorizzazioni](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview).
@@ -53,9 +54,44 @@ Fairphone, ad esempio, commercializza i propri dispositivi con 6 anni di assiste
 
 ## Autorizzazioni di Android
 
-[Le autorizzazioni su Android](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview) consentono di controllare ciò a cui le applicazioni hanno accesso. Google apporta regolarmente [miglioramenti](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions) al sistema delle autorizzazioni in ogni nuova versione. Tutte le applicazioni installate sono rigorosamente [confinate in una sandbox](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox), pertanto non è necessario installare alcuna applicazione come antivirus. Uno smartphone con l'ultima versione di Android sarà sempre più sicuro di un vecchio smartphone con un antivirus a pagamento. È meglio non pagare il software antivirus e risparmiare per acquistare un nuovo smartphone come il Google Pixel.
+[Le autorizzazioni su Android](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview) consentono di controllare ciò a cui le applicazioni hanno accesso. Google apporta regolarmente [miglioramenti](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions) al sistema delle autorizzazioni in ogni nuova versione. Tutte le applicazioni installate sono rigorosamente [confinate in una sandbox](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox), pertanto non è necessario installare alcuna applicazione come antivirus.
 
-Se volete eseguire un'applicazione di cui non siete sicuri, prendete in considerazione l'utilizzo di un profilo utente o di lavoro.
+A smartphone with the latest version of Android will always be more secure than an old smartphone with an antivirus that you have paid for. It's better not to pay for antivirus software and to save money to buy a new smartphone such as a Google Pixel.
+
+Android 10:
+
+- [Scoped Storage](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/10/privacy/changes#scoped-storage) gives you more control over your files and can limit what can [access external storage](https://developer.android.com/training/data-storage#permissions). Apps can have a specific directory in external storage as well as the ability to store specific types of media there.
+- Tighter access on [device location](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/10/privacy/changes#app-access-device-location) by introducing the `ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION` permission. This prevents apps from accessing the location when running in the background without express permission from the user.
+
+Android 11:
+
+- [One-time permissions](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions#one-time) which allows you to grant a permission to an app just once.
+- [Auto-reset permissions](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions#auto-reset), which resets [runtime permissions](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview#runtime) that were granted when the app was opened.
+- Granular permissions for accessing [phone number](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/11/privacy/permissions#phone-numbers) related features.
+
+Android 12:
+
+- A permission to grant only the [approximate location](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12#approximate-location).
+- Auto-reset of [hibernated apps](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12#app-hibernation).
+- [Data access auditing](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/12/behavior-changes-12#data-access-auditing) which makes it easier to determine what part of an app is performing a specific type of data access.
+
+Android 13:
+
+- A permission for [nearby wifi access](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/behavior-changes-13#nearby-wifi-devices-permission). The MAC addresses of nearby WiFi access points was a popular way for apps to track a user's location.
+- More [granular media permissions](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/behavior-changes-13#granular-media-permissions), meaning you can grant access to images, videos or audio files only.
+- Background use of sensors now requires the [`BODY_SENSORS`](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/13/behavior-changes-13#body-sensors-background-permission) permission.
+
+An app may request a permission for a specific feature it has. For example, any app that can scan QR codes will require the camera permission. Some apps can request more permissions than they need.
+
+[Exodus](https://exodus-privacy.eu.org/) can be useful when comparing apps that have similar purposes. If an app requires a lot of permissions and has a lot of advertising and analytics this is probably a bad sign. We recommend looking at the individual trackers and reading their descriptions rather than simply **counting the total** and assuming all items listed are equal.
+
+!!! warning "Avviso"
+
+    If an app is mostly a web-based service, the tracking may occur on the server side. [Facebook](https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en/reports/com.facebook.katana/latest/) shows "no trackers" but certainly does track users' interests and behavior across the site. Apps may evade detection by not using standard code libraries produced by the advertising industry, though this is unlikely.
+
+!!! note
+
+    Privacy-friendly apps such as [Bitwarden](https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en/reports/com.x8bit.bitwarden/latest/) may show some trackers such as [Google Firebase Analytics](https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en/trackers/49/). This library includes [Firebase Cloud Messaging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firebase_Cloud_Messaging) which can provide [push notifications](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Push_technology) in apps. This [is the case](https://fosstodon.org/@bitwarden/109636825700482007) with Bitwarden. That doesn't mean that Bitwarden is using all of the analytics features that are provided by Google Firebase Analytics.
 
 ## Accesso ai media
 
@@ -131,5 +167,3 @@ Ti verrà data la possibilità di eliminare l'ID pubblicità o di *rinunciare ag
 [SafetyNet](https://developer.android.com/training/safetynet/attestation) e le API [Play Integrity](https://developer.android.com/google/play/integrity) sono generalmente utilizzate per [le app bancarie](https://grapheneos.org/usage#banking-apps). Molte applicazioni bancarie funzionano bene in GrapheneOS con i servizi Play in sandbox, ma alcune applicazioni non finanziarie hanno i loro meccanismi anti-manomissione che potrebbero fallire. GrapheneOS supera il controllo `basicIntegrity`, ma non il controllo di certificazione `ctsProfileMatch`. I dispositivi con Android 8 o successivi dispongono di un supporto di attestazione hardware che non può essere aggirato senza chiavi trapelate o gravi vulnerabilità.
 
 Per quanto riguarda Google Wallet, lo sconsigliamo a causa dell'[informativa sulla privacy](https://payments.google.com/payments/apis-secure/get_legal_document?ldo=0&ldt=privacynotice&ldl=en), che prevede l'opt-out se non si desidera che il proprio rating creditizio e i propri dati personali vengano condivisi con i servizi di marketing affiliati.
-
---8<-- "includes/abbreviations.it.txt"

i18n/it/os/linux-overview.md

@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 ---
 title: Linux Overview
 icon: simple/linux
+description: Linux is an open-source, privacy-focused desktop operating system alternative, but not all distribitions are created equal.
 ---
 
-It is often believed that [open-source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software) software is inherently secure because the source code is available. There is an expectation that community verification occurs regularly; however, this isn’t always [the case](https://seirdy.one/posts/2022/02/02/floss-security/). It does depend on a number of factors, such as project activity, developer experience, level of rigour applied to [code reviews](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_review), and how often attention is given to specific parts of the [codebase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codebase) that may go untouched for years.
+It is often believed that [open-source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software) software is inherently secure because the source code is available. There is an expectation that community verification occurs regularly; however, this isn’t always [the case](https://seirdy.one/posts/2022/02/02/floss-security/). It does depend on a number of factors, such as project activity, developer experience, level of rigor applied to [code reviews](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_review), and how often attention is given to specific parts of the [codebase](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codebase) that may go untouched for years.
 
 At the moment, desktop Linux does have some areas that could be better improved when compared to their proprietary counterparts, e.g.:
 
@@ -139,5 +140,3 @@ The Fedora Project [counts](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/DNF_Better_Co
 This [option](https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/conf_ref.html#options-for-both-main-and-repo) is currently off by default. We recommend adding `countme=false` to `/etc/dnf/dnf.conf` just in case it is enabled in the future. On systems that use `rpm-ostree` such as Silverblue, the countme option is disabled by masking the [rpm-ostree-countme](https://fedoramagazine.org/getting-better-at-counting-rpm-ostree-based-systems/) timer.
 
 openSUSE also uses a [unique ID](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Statistics) to count systems, which can be disabled by deleting the `/var/lib/zypp/AnonymousUniqueId` file.
-
---8<-- "includes/abbreviations.it.txt"

i18n/it/os/qubes-overview.md

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 ---
 title: "Panoramica di Qubes"
 icon: pg/qubes-os
+description: Qubes is an operating system built around isolating apps within virtual machines for heightened security.
 ---
 
 [**Qubes OS**](../desktop.md#qubes-os) è un sistema operativo che utilizza l'hypervisor [Xen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xen) per fornire una forte sicurezza per il desktop computing attraverso macchine virtuali isolate. Ogni macchina virtuale è chiamata *Qube* e si può assegnare a ogni Qube un livello di fiducia in base al suo scopo. Poiché il sistema operativo Qubes garantisce la sicurezza utilizzando l'isolamento e consentendo azioni solo su base individuale, è l'opposto dell'[enumerazione delle minacce](https://www.ranum.com/security/computer_security/editorials/dumb/).
@@ -52,5 +53,3 @@ Per ulteriori informazioni si consiglia di consultare le ampie pagine di documen
 - J. Rutkowska: [*Software compartmentalization vs. physical separation (Compartimentazione del software vs. separazione fisica)*](https://invisiblethingslab.com/resources/2014/Software_compartmentalization_vs_physical_separation.pdf)
 - J. Rutkowska: [*Partitioning my digital life into security domains (Suddividere la mia vita digitale in domini di sicurezza)*](https://blog.invisiblethings.org/2011/03/13/partitioning-my-digital-life-into.html)
 - Qubes OS: [*Articoli correlati*](https://www.qubes-os.org/news/categories/#articles)
-
---8<-- "includes/abbreviations.it.txt"