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| 프라이버시 중점 PC, Mac용 웹 브라우저 - Privacy Guides | 데스크톱 브라우저 | material/laptop | These privacy-protecting browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on desktop systems. | desktop-browsers.webp |
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Protects against the following threat(s):
These are our currently recommended desktop web browsers and configurations for standard/non-anonymous browsing. 강력한 프라이버시 보호 및 핑거프린팅 방지가 기본 제공되는 브라우저를 원하신다면 Mullvad Browser를, 평범한 인터넷 브라우저 중 Google Chrome의 적절한 대체제를 원하신다면 Firefox를, Chromium 브라우저 호환성이 필요하시다면 Brave를 추천드립니다.
If you need to browse the internet anonymously, you should use Tor Browser instead. We make some configuration recommendations on this page, but Tor Browser offers the best protections against online tracking.
Mullvad Browser
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Mullvad Browser is a version of Tor Browser with Tor network integrations removed. It aims to provide to VPN users Tor Browser's anti-fingerprinting browser technologies, which are key protections against :material-eye-outline: Mass Surveillance{ .pg-blue }. Tor 프로젝트에서 개발하고 Mullvad에서 배포합니다. Mullvad VPN 사용이 필수적이지 않습니다.
:octicons-home-16: Homepage{ .md-button .md-button--primary } :octicons-eye-16:{ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } :octicons-info-16:{ .card-link title="Documentation" } :octicons-code-16:{ .card-link title="Source Code" }
Like Tor Browser, Mullvad Browser is designed to prevent fingerprinting by making your browser fingerprint similar to a large number of other Mullvad Browser users, and it includes default settings and extensions that are automatically configured by the default security levels: Standard, Safer and Safest.
Therefore, it is imperative that you do not modify the browser at all outside adjusting the default security levels. When adjusting the security level, you must always restart the browser before continuing to use it. Otherwise, the security settings may not be fully applied, putting you at a higher risk of fingerprinting and exploits than you may expect based on the setting chosen.
Modifications other than adjusting this setting would make your fingerprint unique, defeating the purpose of using this browser. 만약 핑거프린팅을 신경 쓰지 않고 자유로운 브라우저 설정을 원하실 경우, Firefox를 추천드립니다.
핑거프린팅 방지
Without using a VPN, Mullvad Browser provides protections against naive fingerprinting scripts similar to other private browsers like Firefox+Arkenfox or Brave. Mullvad 브라우저는 다른 비공개 탐색 브라우저에서 제공하는 유연성과 편의성을 일부 희생하여, 별도로 설정할 필요 없이 핑거프린트 보호 기능을 기본으로 제공합니다.
==가장 강력한 핑거프린팅 방지 보호를 원하시는 경우, Mullvad 브라우저와 VPN을 같이 사용하실 것을 권장합니다.==(Mullvad VPN 혹은 그 외 권장 VPN 서비스) Mullvad 브라우저와 VPN을 사용하면 핑거프린트, IP 주소 대역을 다른 많은 사용자와 공유하여 '군중' 사이에 섞일 수 있습니다. This strategy is the best way to defend against advanced tracking scripts, and is the same anti-fingerprinting technique used by Tor Browser.
Note that while you can use Mullvad Browser with any VPN provider, other people on that VPN must also be using Mullvad Browser for this "crowd" to exist, something which is more likely on Mullvad VPN compared to other providers. Mullvad 브라우저는 VPN 연결 기능을 내장하고 있지 않으며, 브라우저 이용에 앞서 VPN 사용 여부를 확인하는 기능 또한 없습니다. 사용자는 VPN 연결을 따로 설정하고 관리해야 합니다.
Mullvad 브라우저는 uBlock Origin, NoScript 브라우저 확장 프로그램이 기본 설치되어 있습니다. While we typically discourage adding additional browser extensions, these extensions that come pre-installed with the browser should not be removed or configured outside their default values, because doing so would noticeably make your browser fingerprint distinct from other Mullvad Browser users. It also comes pre-installed with the Mullvad Browser Extension, which can be safely removed without impacting your browser fingerprint if you would like, but is also safe to keep even if you don't use Mullvad VPN.
사생활 보호 모드
Mullvad 브라우저는 항상 사생활 보호 모드로 작동하므로 방문 기록, 쿠키, 기타 사이트 데이터는 브라우저를 닫을 때마다 매번 지워집니다. 북마크, 브라우저 설정, 확장 프로그램 설정은 유지됩니다.
이는 고급 추적을 방지하기 위해서 필요하지만, 편의성 및 일부 Firefox 기능(멀티 컨테이너 등)을 희생합니다. 하지만 여러분은 여러 브라우저를 사용할 수 있습니다. 로그인이 유지되어야 하는 사이트나 Mullvad 브라우저에서 제대로 작동하지 않는 사이트는 Firefox+Arkenfox를 사용하고, 그 외 일반적인 브라우저 탐색에는 Mullvad 브라우저를 사용하는 방법도 있습니다.
Firefox
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Firefox는 다양한 추적을 방지하는 향상된 추적 방지 기능 등 강력한 프라이버시 설정을 제공합니다.
:octicons-home-16: Homepage{ .md-button .md-button--primary } :octicons-eye-16:{ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } :octicons-info-16:{ .card-link title="Documentation" } :octicons-code-16:{ .card-link title="Source Code" } :octicons-heart-16:{ .card-link title="Contribute" }
Warning
Firefox includes a unique download token in downloads from Mozilla's website and uses telemetry in Firefox to send the token. The token is not included in releases from the Mozilla FTP.
Recommended Firefox Configuration
These options can be found in :material-menu: → Settings.
검색
Search suggestion features may not be available in your region.
Search suggestions send everything you type in the address bar to the default search engine, regardless of whether you submit an actual search. Disabling search suggestions allows you to more precisely control what data you send to your search engine provider.
Firefox Suggest
Firefox Suggest is a feature similar to search suggestions. We recommend disabling it for the same reason we recommend disabling search suggestions. If you don't see these options under the Address Bar header, you do not have the new experience and can ignore these changes.
- Uncheck Suggestions from Firefox
- 스폰서에서 제안 비활성화
According to Mozilla, "Certain parts of Firefox Suggest are currently available only in some regions."
개인 정보 및 보안
향상된 추적 방지 기능
- 향상된 추적 방지 기능에서 엄격 활성화
This protects you by blocking social media trackers, fingerprinting scripts (note that this does not protect you from all fingerprinting), cryptominers, cross-site tracking cookies, and some other tracking content. ETP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to have minimal to no impact on site usability.
종료 시 데이터 정리
If you want to stay logged in to particular sites, you can allow exceptions in Cookies and Site Data → Manage Exceptions...
- Firefox를 닫을 때 쿠키와 사이트 데이터를 삭제 활성화
This protects you from persistent cookies, but does not protect you against cookies acquired during any one browsing session. When this is enabled, it becomes possible to easily cleanse your browser cookies by simply restarting Firefox. You can set exceptions on a per-site basis, if you wish to stay logged in to a particular site you visit often.
원격 분석
- Uncheck Send technical and interaction data to Mozilla
- Uncheck Allow personalized extension recommendations
- Uncheck Install and run studies
- Uncheck Send daily usage ping to Mozilla
- Uncheck Automatically send crash reports
According to Mozilla's privacy policy for Firefox,
Firefox는 사용자의 Firefox 버전 및 언어, 기기 운영 체제 및 하드웨어 구성, 메모리, 충돌 및 오류에 대한 기본 정보, 업테이트 및 세이프 브라우징 같은 자동화 프로세스의 결과, 활성화 여부 등의 데이터를 당사(Mozilla)로 전송합니다. Firefox가 당사에 데이터를 전송할 때 사용자의 IP 주소는 당사 서버 로그의 일부로 일시적으로 수집됩니다.
Additionally, the Mozilla Accounts service collects some technical data. If you use a Mozilla Account you can opt out:
- accounts.firefox.com 프로필 설정 열기
- 데이터 수집 및 사용 > Firefox 계정 개선에 참여 비활성화
HTTPS-Only Mode
- 모든 창에서 HTTPS 전용 모드 사용 활성화
This prevents you from unintentionally connecting to a website in plain-text HTTP. Sites without HTTPS are uncommon nowadays, so this should have little to no impact on your day-to-day browsing.
DNS over HTTPS
If you use a DNS over HTTPS provider:
- Select Max Protection and choose a suitable provider
Max Protection enforces the use of DNS over HTTPS, and a security warning will show if Firefox can’t connect to your secure DNS resolver, or if your secure DNS resolver says that records for the domain you are trying to access do not exist. This stops the network you're connected to from secretly downgrading your DNS security.
Sync
Firefox Sync allows your browsing data (history, bookmarks, etc.) to be accessible on all your devices and protects it with E2EE.
Arkenfox (고급)
Use Mullvad Browser for advanced anti-fingerprinting
Mullvad Browser provides stronger anti-fingerprinting protections out of the box than Firefox, and does not require the use of Mullvad's VPN to benefit from these protections. VPN을 함께 사용할 경우, Mullvad 브라우저는 Arkenfox가 차단하지 못하는 고급 추적 스크립트까지 차단할 수 있습니다. Firefox still has the advantage of being much more flexible, and allowing per-site exceptions for websites which you need to stay logged in to.
The Arkenfox project provides a set of carefully considered options for Firefox. If you decide to use Arkenfox, a few options are subjectively strict and/or may cause some websites to not work properly—which you can easily change to suit your needs. We strongly recommend reading through their full wiki. Arkenfox also enables container support.
Arkenfox only aims to thwart basic or naive tracking scripts through canvas randomization and Firefox's built-in fingerprint resistance configuration settings. It does not aim to make your browser blend in with a large crowd of other Arkenfox users in the same way Mullvad Browser or Tor Browser do, which is the only way to thwart advanced fingerprint tracking scripts. Remember that you can always use multiple browsers, for example, you could consider using Firefox+Arkenfox for a few sites that you want to stay logged in on or otherwise trust, and Mullvad Browser for general browsing.
Brave
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Brave Browser includes a built-in content blocker and privacy features, many of which are enabled by default.
Brace는 Chromium 웹 브라우저 프로젝트 기반으로 구축되었으므로, 친숙하며 웹사이트 호환성 문제가 적습니다.
:octicons-home-16: Homepage{ .md-button .md-button--primary } :simple-torbrowser:{ .card-link title="Onion Service" } :octicons-eye-16:{ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } :octicons-info-16:{ .card-link title="Documentation" } :octicons-code-16:{ .card-link title="Source Code" }
Warning
Brave adds a "referral code" to the file name in downloads from the Brave website, which is used to track which source the browser was downloaded from, for example BRV002 in a download named Brave-Browser-BRV002.pkg. The installer will then ping Brave's server with the referral code at the end of the installation process. If you're concerned about this, you can rename the installer file before opening it.
Recommended Brave Configuration
These options can be found in :material-menu: → Settings.
Shields
Brave includes some anti-fingerprinting measures in its Shields feature. We suggest configuring these options globally across all pages that you visit.
필요에 따라 사이트별로 보호 옵션을 낮출 수 있으나, 기본적으로 다음과 같이 설정할 것을 권장드립니다:
- Select Aggressive under Trackers & ads blocking
Use default filter lists
Brave allows you to select additional content filters within the internal brave://adblock page. 이 기능을 사용하지 말고 기본 필터 목록을 유지할 것을 권장드립니다. 추가적인 목록을 사용하면 다른 Brave 사용자에 비해 더 눈에 띄게 되며, 만약 Brave에 취약점이 존재하고 여러분이 사용하는 규칙 목록에 악성 규칙이 포함될 경우 공격 표면을 증가시킬 수도 있습니다.
- Select Strict under Upgrade connections to HTTPS
- (Optional) Select Block Scripts (1)
- Check Block fingerprinting
- Select Block third-party cookies
- Check Forget me when I close this site (2)
- Uncheck all social media components
- This option disables JavaScript, which will break a lot of sites. To fix them, you can set exceptions on a per-site basis by clicking on the Shield icon in the address bar and unchecking this setting under Advanced controls.
- If you wish to stay logged in to a particular site you visit often, you can set exceptions on a per-site basis by clicking on the Shield icon in the address bar and unchecking this setting under Advanced controls.
Privacy and security
- Select Don’t allow sites to use JavaScript optimization under Security → Manage JavaScript optimization & security (1)
- Select Automatically remove permissions from unused sites under Sites and Shields Settings
- Select Disable non-proxied UDP under WebRTC IP Handling Policy
- Uncheck Use Google services for push messaging
- Select Auto-redirect AMP pages
- Select Auto-redirect tracking URLs
- Select Prevent sites from fingerprinting me based on my language preferences
- Disabling the V8 optimizer reduces your attack surface by disabling some parts of JavaScript Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation.
Tor windows
Private Window with Tor allows you to route your traffic through the Tor network in Private Windows and access .onion services, which may be useful in some cases. However, Brave is not as resistant to fingerprinting as the Tor Browser is, and far fewer people use Brave with Tor, so you will stand out. If your threat model requires strong anonymity, use the Tor Browser.
Data Collection
- Uncheck Allow privacy-preserving product analytics (P3A)
- Uncheck Automatically send daily usage ping to Brave
- Uncheck Automatically send diagnostic reports
Web3
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of these features, they should be disabled.
- Select Extensions (no fallback) under Default Ethereum wallet
- Select Extensions (no fallback) under Default Solana wallet
Extensions
- Uncheck all built-in extensions you don't use
Search engine
We recommend disabling search suggestions in Brave for the same reason we recommend disabling this feature in Firefox.
System
- Uncheck Continue running background apps when Brave is closed to disable background apps (1)
- 플랫폼에 따라 해당 옵션이 제공되지 않을 수 있습니다.
Brave Sync
Brave Sync allows your browsing data (history, bookmarks, etc.) to be accessible on all your devices without requiring an account and protects it with E2EE.
Brave Rewards and Wallet
Brave Rewards lets you receive Basic Attention Token (BAT) cryptocurrency for performing certain actions within Brave. It relies on a custodial account and KYC from a select number of providers. We do not recommend BAT as a private cryptocurrency, nor do we recommend using a custodial wallet, so we would discourage using this feature.
Brave Wallet operates locally on your computer, but does not support any private cryptocurrencies, so we would discourage using this feature as well.
평가 기준
Privacy Guides는 권장 목록의 어떠한 프로젝트와도 제휴를 맺지 않았습니다. 객관적인 권장 목록을 제공하기 위해, 일반적인 평가 기준에 더해 명확한 요구 사항을 정립하였습니다. 어떠한 프로젝트를 선택해 사용하기 전에, 이러한 요구 사항들을 숙지하고 여러분 스스로 조사하는 과정을 거쳐 적절한 선택을 하시기 바랍니다.
최소 요구 사항
- 오픈 소스 소프트웨어여야 합니다.
- 자동 업데이트를 지원해야 합니다.
- Must receive engine updates in 0-1 days from upstream release.
- Must be available on Linux, macOS, and Windows.
- Any changes required to make the browser more privacy-respecting must not negatively impact user experience.
- Must block third-party cookies by default.
- Must support state partitioning to mitigate cross-site tracking.1
우대 사항
평가 기준에서 '우대 사항'은 해당 부문에서 완벽한 프로젝트에 기대하는 바를 나타냅니다. 다음의 우대 사항에 해당하지 않더라도 권장 목록에 포함될 수 있습니다. 단, 우대 사항에 해당할수록 이 페이지의 다른 항목보다 높은 순위를 갖습니다.
- Should include built-in content blocking functionality.
- Should support cookie compartmentalization (à la Multi-Account Containers).
- Should support Progressive Web Apps (PWAs). PWAs enable you to install certain websites as if they were native apps on your computer. This can have advantages over installing Electron-based apps because PWAs benefit from your browser's regular security updates.
- Should not include add-on functionality (bloatware) that does not impact user privacy.
- Should not collect telemetry by default.
- Should provide an open-source sync server implementation.
- Should default to a private search engine.
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Brave's implementation is detailed at Brave Privacy Updates: Partitioning network-state for privacy. ↩︎