--- title: 私密支付 icon: material/hand-coin description: 您的購買習慣是用於廣告定位的絕佳資料,但在私下付款時,您仍有許多選擇。 --- Data about your buying habits is considered the holy grail of ad targeting: your purchases can leak a veritable treasure trove of data about you. 不幸的是,目前的金融體系在設計上不利隱私,使銀行、其他公司和政府能夠輕鬆追蹤交易。 然而,在私下付款方面,您有很多選擇。 ## 現金 幾個世紀以來, **現金** 一直是私人支付的主要形式。 Cash has excellent privacy properties in most cases, is widely accepted in most countries, and is **fungible**, meaning it is non-unique and completely interchangeable. 現金支付法因國家而異。 在美國,超過 10,000 美元的現金支付需要在 IRS 申報 [表格8300](https://irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-owned/form-8300-and-reporting-cash - payments-of- over-10000)。 收款業必須驗證收款人的姓名、地址、職業、出生日期、社會安全號碼或其他TIN (部分例外)。 Regulated exchanges, banks, and money services businesses must collect an ID for transactions exceeding $3,000. Cash contains serial numbers to assist law enforcement in targeted investigations. Despite the above, cash is typically the best option when available. ## 預付卡 & 禮品卡 You can easily purchase gift cards and prepaid cards at most grocery stores and convenience stores with cash. 禮品卡通常不收取費用,但預付卡通常會收取費用,因此請留意其費用和到期日期。 Some stores may ask to see your ID at checkout in an effort to reduce fraud. 禮品卡通常每張上限為 200美元,有些禮品卡上限到 2,000 美元。 預付卡(例如: Visa 或 Mastercard )通常卡片額度為 1,000 美元。 禮品卡的缺點是受商家政策的約束,這些政策可能有糟糕的條款和限制。 例如,有些商家不接受禮品卡付款,或者對高風險用戶取消禮品卡的價值。 一旦您拿了由商家信用擔保的禮品卡,商家就會對這筆金額有強烈的控制權。 Prepaid cards usually don’t allow cash withdrawals from ATMs or “peer-to-peer” payments in Venmo and similar apps. 對於大多數人來說,現金仍然是現場購物的最佳選擇。 Gift cards are often sold at a discount, which make them attractive. 預付卡適用於不接受現金的地方。 網路中禮品卡和預付卡比現金更容易使用,也更容易透過加密貨幣獲得。 ### 網上交易平臺 如果您有 [加密貨幣](../cryptocurrency.md),可在線禮品卡市場購買禮品卡。 Some of these services offer high limits (with ID verification), but they usually allow basic, low-limit accounts with just an email address. Expect limits under $10,000 for basic accounts and significantly higher limits for ID verified accounts (if offered). 在網上購買禮品卡時,通常會有小折扣。 預付卡通常以面值或收取服務費在網上銷售。 If you buy prepaid cards and gift cards with cryptocurrencies, you should strongly prefer to pay with Monero which provides strong privacy (more on this below). 使用可追溯的付款方式支付禮物卡,取消了用現金或 Monero 購買禮品卡的隱私優點。 - [網上禮品卡市場 :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](../financial-services.md#gift-card-marketplaces) ## 虛擬卡 另一種保護個資免受線上商家侵害的方法是使用虛擬的一次性卡片,以掩蓋您的實際銀行或帳單資訊。 這可對付商家數據洩露,營銷機構粗糙的跟蹤或購買聯結以及線上資料盜竊。 **無法完全匿名**您的購買行為,也不能對金融機構隱瞞自身的資訊。 發行虛擬卡的常規金融機構受「瞭解您的客戶」( KYC )法律約束,這意味著您需要提供身份證明文件或其他識別信息。 - [推薦付款掩蔽服務 :material-arrow-right-drop-circle:](../financial-services.md#payment-masking-services) 這些往往是線上定期/訂閱付款的好選擇,而預付禮品卡則更適合一次性交易。 ## 加密貨幣 加密貨幣是一種數位形式的貨幣,其設計上沒有中央機構如政府或銀行即自行運作。 While *some* cryptocurrency projects can allow you to make private transactions online, many use a transparent blockchain which does not provide any transaction privacy. Cryptocurrencies also tend to be very volatile assets, meaning their value can change rapidly and significantly. 因此,不建議加密貨幣作為長期價值儲存。 如果決定使用加密貨幣,請確保已充分了解其隱私,且投資金額不會變成災難性損失。
Danger "危險"
The vast majority of cryptocurrencies operate on a **transparent** blockchain, meaning that every transaction's details are public knowledge. This includes most well-known cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum. 加密貨幣的交易不應被視為私密,也不會保護您的匿名性。 此外,許多(如果不是大多數)加密貨幣都是騙局。 只用你信任的項目小心進行交易。 Transactions are irreversible and do not include any consumer protections.重要聲明
此處的內容並非法律或財務建議。 我們不贊同或鼓勵非法活動,也不贊同或鼓勵任何違反公司服務條款的行為。 請向專業人員查詢,確認這些建議在您的司法管轄區是否合法和可用。 [查看所有聲明](../about/notices.md).