diff --git a/i18n/ar/ai-chat.md b/i18n/ar/ai-chat.md index 8034bbf5..7f5a8c5c 100644 --- a/i18n/ar/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/ar/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports -
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/ar/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/ar/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/ar/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/ar/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/ar/email.md b/i18n/ar/email.md index 66eaedb5..7a7640d9 100644 --- a/i18n/ar/email.md +++ b/i18n/ar/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## الخدمات الداعمة لأوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. فمثلًا: باستطاعة مستخدم بريد بروتون إرسال رسالة معمَّاة بين الأطراف، وكون المستقبل مستخدم Mailbox.org، أو لك استقبال إشعارات معمَّاةً بأوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي من خدمات الإنترنت الداعمة له. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. فمثلًا: باستطاعة مستخدم بريد بروتون إرسال رسالة معمَّاة بين الأطراف، وكون المستقبل مستخدم Mailbox.org، أو لك استقبال إشعارات معمَّاةً بأوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي من خدمات الإنترنت الداعمة له.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Proton Mail supports TOTP [two-factor authentication](https://proton.me/support/ #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } تعمية البريد الإلكتروني -عند بريد بروتون [دعم مدمج لتعمية أوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) في صفحة البريد. تعمَّى الرسائل المرسلة لحسابات بريد بروتون الأخرى تلقائيًّا، ولك تمكين تعمية أوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي لعناوين البريد خارج بروتون في إعدادات حسابك. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +عند بريد بروتون [دعم مدمج لتعمية أوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) في صفحة البريد. تعمَّى الرسائل المرسلة لحسابات بريد بروتون الأخرى تلقائيًّا، ولك تمكين تعمية أوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي لعناوين البريد خارج بروتون في إعدادات حسابك. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. ويتيح هذا لمن ليس عنده بريد بروتون العثور على مفاتيح أوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي لحسابات بريد بروتون بسهولة، وذلك لتمكين التعمية بين الأطراف بين موفِّري خدمة البريد الإلكترونيِّ. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. فائدة هذا تظهر في حال كان المستقبل ليس لديه أوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي ولا يستطيع كشف تعمية نسخة من الرسالة في صندوق بريده. -تدعم Mailbox.org اكتشاف المفتايح العامَّة باستخدام HTTP من [دليل مفاتيح الوِب (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) التابع لهم. ويتيح هذا لمن ليس عنده Mailbox.org العثور على مفاتيح أوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي لحسابات Mailbox.org بسهولة، وذلك لتمكين التعمية بين الأطراف بين موفِّري خدمة البريد الإلكترونيِّ. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. ويتيح هذا لمن ليس عنده Mailbox.org العثور على مفاتيح أوبن‌بي‌جي‌بي لحسابات Mailbox.org بسهولة، وذلك لتمكين التعمية بين الأطراف بين موفِّري خدمة البريد الإلكترونيِّ. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } إنهاء الحسابات @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/ar/tools.md b/i18n/ar/tools.md index b12a9a87..f54d3816 100644 --- a/i18n/ar/tools.md +++ b/i18n/ar/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/bn-IN/ai-chat.md b/i18n/bn-IN/ai-chat.md index 8034bbf5..7f5a8c5c 100644 --- a/i18n/bn-IN/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/bn-IN/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/bn-IN/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/bn-IN/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/bn-IN/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/bn-IN/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/bn-IN/email.md b/i18n/bn-IN/email.md index bb6bba2c..e2054402 100644 --- a/i18n/bn-IN/email.md +++ b/i18n/bn-IN/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP Compatible Services -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/bn-IN/tools.md b/i18n/bn-IN/tools.md index c3d7ba14..99cc83b5 100644 --- a/i18n/bn-IN/tools.md +++ b/i18n/bn-IN/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/bn/ai-chat.md b/i18n/bn/ai-chat.md index 8034bbf5..7f5a8c5c 100644 --- a/i18n/bn/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/bn/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/bn/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/bn/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/bn/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/bn/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/bn/email.md b/i18n/bn/email.md index bb6bba2c..e2054402 100644 --- a/i18n/bn/email.md +++ b/i18n/bn/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP Compatible Services -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/bn/tools.md b/i18n/bn/tools.md index c3d7ba14..99cc83b5 100644 --- a/i18n/bn/tools.md +++ b/i18n/bn/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/cs/ai-chat.md b/i18n/cs/ai-chat.md index 8034bbf5..7f5a8c5c 100644 --- a/i18n/cs/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/cs/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/cs/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/cs/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/cs/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/cs/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/cs/email.md b/i18n/cs/email.md index bb6bba2c..e2054402 100644 --- a/i18n/cs/email.md +++ b/i18n/cs/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP Compatible Services -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/cs/tools.md b/i18n/cs/tools.md index c3d7ba14..99cc83b5 100644 --- a/i18n/cs/tools.md +++ b/i18n/cs/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/de/ai-chat.md b/i18n/de/ai-chat.md index 02e1a191..bba40b3d 100644 --- a/i18n/de/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/de/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Überwachungskapitalismus](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Mindestanforderungen -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Im besten Fall @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/de/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/de/basics/email-security.md index 92470cb5..3a6dafec 100644 --- a/i18n/de/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/de/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Selbst wenn du OpenPGP verwendest, unterstützt es keine [Forward Secrecy](https ## Was ist der Web Key Directory Standard? -Der Web Key Directory (WKD) Standard ermöglicht es E-Mail-Clients, den OpenPGP-Schlüssel für andere Postfächer zu ermitteln, auch wenn diese bei einem anderen Anbieter gehostet werden. E-Mail-Clients, die WKD unterstützen, fragen den Server des Empfängers nach einem Schlüssel, der auf dem Domainnamen der E-Mail-Adresse basiert. Wenn du beispielsweise eine E-Mail an `jonah@privacyguides.org` sendest, fragt dein E-Mail-Programm bei `privacyguides.org` nach dem OpenPGP-Schlüssel von Jonah, und falls `privacyguides.org` einen Schlüssel für dieses Konto hat, wird deine Nachricht automatisch verschlüsselt. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. E-Mail-Clients, die WKD unterstützen, fragen den Server des Empfängers nach einem Schlüssel, der auf dem Domainnamen der E-Mail-Adresse basiert. Wenn du beispielsweise eine E-Mail an `jonah@privacyguides.org` sendest, fragt dein E-Mail-Programm bei `privacyguides.org` nach dem OpenPGP-Schlüssel von Jonah, und falls `privacyguides.org` einen Schlüssel für dieses Konto hat, wird deine Nachricht automatisch verschlüsselt. Neben den [von uns empfohlenen E-Mail-Clients](../email-clients.md), die WKD unterstützen, gibt es auch einige Webmail-Anbieter, die WKD unterstützen. Ob *dein eigener* Schlüssel für andere bei WKD veröffentlicht wird, hängt von deiner Domainkonfiguration ab. Verwendest du einen [E-Mail-Anbieter](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services), der WKD unterstützt, wie z. B. Proton Mail oder Mailbox.org, können diese deinen OpenPGP-Schlüssel auf ihrer Domain für dich veröffentlichen. diff --git a/i18n/de/email.md b/i18n/de/email.md index 5cc06c3f..9abc1367 100644 --- a/i18n/de/email.md +++ b/i18n/de/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Zusätzlich zu (oder anstelle von) einem hier empfohlenen E-Mail-Anbieter kannst ## OpenPGP-kompatible Dienste -Diese Anbieter unterstützen von Haus aus die OpenPGP-Ver- und Entschlüsselung sowie den [Web Key Directory Standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), so dass anbieterunabhängige E2E-verschlüsselte E-Mails möglich sind. Zum Beispiel können Kunden von Proton Mail eine E2EE-Nachricht an Kunden von Mailbox.org senden oder sie können OpenPGP-verschlüsselte Benachrichtigungen von Internetdiensten erhalten, die dies unterstützen. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Zum Beispiel können Kunden von Proton Mail eine E2EE-Nachricht an Kunden von Mailbox.org senden oder sie können OpenPGP-verschlüsselte Benachrichtigungen von Internetdiensten erhalten, die dies unterstützen.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Bestimmte Informationen, die in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/prot #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } E-Mail-Verschlüsselung -Proton Mail hat [die OpenPGP-Verschlüsselung](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in sein Webmail integriert. E-Mails an andere Proton Mail-Konten werden automatisch verschlüsselt. Die Verschlüsselung an Nicht-Proton Mail-Adressen mit einem OpenPGP-Schlüssel kannst du ganz einfach in deinen Kontoeinstellungen aktivieren. Proton unterstützt auch die automatische Erkennung externer Schlüssel mit dem [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Das bedeutet, dass E-Mails an andere Anbieter, die WKD verwenden, automatisch auch mit OpenPGP verschlüsselt werden, ohne dass du manuell öffentliche PGP-Schlüssel mit deinen Kontakten austauschen musst. Außerdem ist es möglich, [Nachrichten an Nicht-Proton-Mail-Adressen ohne OpenPGP zu verschlüsseln](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), ohne dass die Empfänger ein Proton-Mail-Konto benötigen. +Proton Mail hat [die OpenPGP-Verschlüsselung](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in sein Webmail integriert. E-Mails an andere Proton Mail-Konten werden automatisch verschlüsselt. Die Verschlüsselung an Nicht-Proton Mail-Adressen mit einem OpenPGP-Schlüssel kannst du ganz einfach in deinen Kontoeinstellungen aktivieren. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. Das bedeutet, dass E-Mails an andere Anbieter, die WKD verwenden, automatisch auch mit OpenPGP verschlüsselt werden, ohne dass du manuell öffentliche PGP-Schlüssel mit deinen Kontakten austauschen musst. Außerdem ist es möglich, [Nachrichten an Nicht-Proton-Mail-Adressen ohne OpenPGP zu verschlüsseln](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), ohne dass die Empfänger ein Proton-Mail-Konto benötigen. Auch veröffentlicht Proton Mail öffentlichen Schlüssel der Proton-Konten über HTTP von ihrem WKD. Dies ermöglicht es Personen, die Proton Mail nicht verwenden, die OpenPGP-Schlüssel von Proton Mail-Konten für anbieterübergreifende E2EE leicht zu finden. Dies gilt nur für E-Mail-Adressen, die auf eine der Proton-eigenen Domains enden, wie @proton.me. Um eine eigene Domain zu verwenden, musst du [WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separat konfigurieren. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Mailbox.org ermöglicht die Verschlüsselung von eingehenden E-Mails mit der [ve Mailbox.org hat die [Verschlüsselung in sein Webmail integriert](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard), was den Versand von Nachrichten an Personen mit öffentlichen OpenPGP-Schlüsseln vereinfacht. Sie erlauben es auch entfernten Empfängern [eine E-Mail](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) auf den Servern von Mailbox.org zu entschlüsseln. Diese Funktion ist nützlich, wenn der Empfänger OpenPGP nicht nutzt und daher eine Kopie der E-Mail in seinem eigenen Postfach nicht entschlüsseln kann. -Mailbox.org unterstützt auch die Suche nach öffentlichen Schlüsseln über HTTP von ihrem [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Dies ermöglicht es Personen, die Mailbox.org nicht verwenden, die OpenPGP-Schlüssel von Mailbox.org-Konten für anbieterübergreifende E2EE leicht zu finden. Dies gilt nur für E-Mail-Adressen, die auf eine der Mailbox.org-eigenen Domains enden, wie @mailbox.org. Um eine eigene Domain zu verwenden, musst du [WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separat konfigurieren. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Dies ermöglicht es Personen, die Mailbox.org nicht verwenden, die OpenPGP-Schlüssel von Mailbox.org-Konten für anbieterübergreifende E2EE leicht zu finden. Dies gilt nur für E-Mail-Adressen, die auf eine der Mailbox.org-eigenen Domains enden, wie @mailbox.org. Um eine eigene Domain zu verwenden, musst du [WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separat konfigurieren. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Kontokündigung @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Wir halten diese Merkmale für wichtig, um einen sicheren und optimalen Service - Verschlüsselt alle Kontodaten (Kontakte, Kalender usw.) im Ruhezustand mit Zero-Access-Verschlüsselung. - Integrierte Webmail E2EE/PGP-Verschlüsselung als Komfortfunktion. -- Unterstützung für [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD), um die Suche nach öffentlichen OpenPGP-Schlüsseln über HTTP zu verbessern. GnuPG-Benutzer können einen Schlüssel erhalten, indem sie Folgendes eingeben: `gpg --locate-key beispiel_nutzer@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG-Benutzer können einen Schlüssel erhalten, indem sie Folgendes eingeben: `gpg --locate-key beispiel_nutzer@example.com` - Unterstützung für eine temporäre Mailbox für externe Benutzer. Dies ist nützlich, wenn du eine verschlüsselte E-Mail versenden möchtest, ohne eine Kopie an den Empfänger zu senden. Diese E-Mails haben in der Regel eine begrenzte Lebensdauer und werden dann automatisch gelöscht. Sie erfordern auch nicht, dass der Empfänger eine Kryptographie wie OpenPGP konfiguriert. - Verfügbarkeit der Dienste des E-Mail-Anbieters über einen [onion service](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - Unterstützung [von Unteradressen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing). diff --git a/i18n/de/tools.md b/i18n/de/tools.md index abdc397a..97cf6614 100644 --- a/i18n/de/tools.md +++ b/i18n/de/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/el/ai-chat.md b/i18n/el/ai-chat.md index 8034bbf5..686c72fd 100644 --- a/i18n/el/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/el/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Πρέπει να είναι ανοικτού κώδικα. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/el/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/el/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/el/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/el/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/el/email.md b/i18n/el/email.md index aa25db95..732dee4a 100644 --- a/i18n/el/email.md +++ b/i18n/el/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP Compatible Services -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/el/tools.md b/i18n/el/tools.md index 6c027ae4..cc6208d4 100644 --- a/i18n/el/tools.md +++ b/i18n/el/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/eo/ai-chat.md b/i18n/eo/ai-chat.md index 8034bbf5..7f5a8c5c 100644 --- a/i18n/eo/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/eo/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/eo/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/eo/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/eo/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/eo/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/eo/email.md b/i18n/eo/email.md index 431e1b46..079f34dc 100644 --- a/i18n/eo/email.md +++ b/i18n/eo/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP Compatible Services -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/eo/tools.md b/i18n/eo/tools.md index c3d7ba14..99cc83b5 100644 --- a/i18n/eo/tools.md +++ b/i18n/eo/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/es/ai-chat.md b/i18n/es/ai-chat.md index 87f8f0e5..a007baaf 100644 --- a/i18n/es/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/es/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Capitalismo de Vigilancia](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censura](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Desde el lanzamiento de ChatGPT en 2022, las interacciones con grandes modelos lingüísticos (LLM) son cada vez más frecuentes. Los LLM pueden ayudarnos a escribir mejor, a comprender temas desconocidos o a responder a una amplia gama de preguntas. Pueden predecir estadísticamente la siguiente palabra basándose en una gran cantidad de datos extraídos de Internet. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. Los LLM pueden ayudarnos a escribir mejor, a comprender temas desconocidos o a responder a una amplia gama de preguntas. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Preocupaciones por la Privacidad de los LLM @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Para ejecutar IA localmente, se necesita tanto un modelo de IA como un cliente d ### Elegir un Modelo -Hay muchos modelos con licencia permisiva disponibles para descargar. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) es una plataforma que te permite navegar, investigar y descargar modelos en formatos comunes como [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Entre las empresas que ofrecen buenos modelos open-weights figuran grandes nombres como Mistral, Meta, Microsoft y Google. Sin embargo, también hay muchos modelos comunitarios y «fine-tunes» disponibles. Como ya se ha mencionado, los modelos cuantificados ofrecen el mejor equilibrio entre calidad de modelo y rendimiento para quienes utilizan hardware de consumo personal. +Hay muchos modelos con licencia permisiva disponibles para descargar. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) es una plataforma que te permite navegar, investigar y descargar modelos en formatos comunes como [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Entre las empresas que ofrecen buenos modelos open-weights figuran grandes nombres como Mistral, Meta, Microsoft y Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. Como ya se ha mencionado, los modelos cuantificados ofrecen el mejor equilibrio entre calidad de modelo y rendimiento para quienes utilizan hardware de consumo personal. Para ayudarte a elegir un modelo que se adapte a tus necesidades, puedes consultar tablas de clasificación y puntos de referencia. La tabla de clasificación más utilizada es la de la comunidad [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Además, la [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) se centra en el rendimiento de los modelos open-weights en puntos de referencia comunes como [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). También existen puntos de referencia especializados que miden factores como [inteligencia emocional](https://eqbench.com), [«inteligencia general no censurada»](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), y [muchos otros](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ Para ayudarte a elegir un modelo que se adapte a tus necesidades, puedes consult ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp es un cliente de IA que se ejecuta localmente en tu ordenador Windows, Mac o Linux. Es una opción excelente si lo que buscas es una gran personalización y ajuste, por ejemplo para juegos de rol. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. Es una opción excelente si lo que buscas es una gran personalización y ajuste, por ejemplo para juegos de rol. Además de soportar una amplia gama de modelos de texto, Kobold.cpp también soporta generadores de imágenes como [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) y herramientas de reconocimiento automático de voz como [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Además de soportar una amplia gama de modelos de texto, Kobold.cpp también sop
-
+

Problemas de Compatibilidad

Kobold.cpp podría no funcionar en ordenadores sin soporte AVX/AVX2. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp te permite modificar parámetros como la temperatura del modelo de IA ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama es un asistente de IA de línea de comandos que está disponible en macOS, Linux y Windows. Ollama es una gran elección si buscas un cliente de IA fácil de usar, ampliamente compatible y rápido gracias a su uso de la inferencia y otras técnicas. Tampoco requiere ninguna configuración manual. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama es una gran elección si buscas un cliente de IA fácil de usar, ampliamente compatible y rápido gracias a su uso de la inferencia y otras técnicas. Tampoco requiere ninguna configuración manual. Además de soportar una amplia gama de modelos de texto, Ollama también soporta modelos [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) y tiene soporte experimental para las [capacidades vision de Llama] (https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision) de Meta. @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifica el proceso de creación de un chat de IA local descargando aut
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile es un ejecutable ligero de un solo archivo que permite a los usuarios ejecutar LLM localmente en sus propios ordenadores sin necesidad de configuración. Está [respaldado por Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) y disponible en Linux, macOS y Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. Está [respaldado por Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) y disponible en Linux, macOS y Windows. Llamafile también es compatible con LLaVA. Sin embargo, no admite el reconocimiento de voz ni la generación de imágenes. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile también es compatible con LLaVA. Sin embargo, no admite el reconocimi
Downloads "Descargas" -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Escritorio](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -175,7 +177,7 @@ Por favor, ten en cuenta que no estamos afiliados a ninguno de los proyectos que - No debe transmitir datos personales, incluidos los del chat. - Debe ser multiplataforma. - No debe requerir GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - No debe requerir conexión a Internet. ### Mejor Caso @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Nuestros criterios para el mejor de los casos representan lo que nos _gustaría_ - Debería tener una opción de descarga de modelos integrada. - El usuario debería poder modificar los parámetros de la LLM, como su prompt de sistema o su temperatura. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: La checksum de un archivo es un tipo de huella digital antimanipulación. Un desarrollador suele proporcionar una checksum en un archivo de texto que puede descargarse por separado, o en la propia página de descarga. Verificar que la checksum del archivo descargado coincide con la proporcionada por el desarrollador ayuda a garantizar que el archivo es auténtico y no ha sido manipulado durante el transporte. Puedes utilizar comandos como `sha256sum` en Linux y macOS, o `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` en Windows para generar la checksum del archivo descargado. diff --git a/i18n/es/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/es/basics/email-security.md index 7cb42812..c383ed26 100644 --- a/i18n/es/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/es/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Incluso si utilizas OpenPGP, no admite el [secreto perfecto hacia adelante](http ## ¿Qué es el estándar del Directorio de Claves Web? -El estándar de Directorio de Claves Web (WKD, por sus siglas en inglés) permite a los clientes de correo electrónico descubrir la clave OpenPGP para otros buzones, incluyendo los que se encuentran hospedados en un proveedor diferente. Los clientes de correo electrónico compatibles con WKD le solicitarán al servidor receptor una clave basada en el nombre de dominio de la dirección de correo electrónico. Por ejemplo, si envías un correo electrónico a `jonah@privacyguides.org`, tu cliente de correo electrónico le solicitará a `privacyguides.org` la clave OpenPGP de Jonah, y si `privacyguides.org` tiene la clave para esa cuenta, tu mensaje se encriptará automáticamente. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Los clientes de correo electrónico compatibles con WKD le solicitarán al servidor receptor una clave basada en el nombre de dominio de la dirección de correo electrónico. Por ejemplo, si envías un correo electrónico a `jonah@privacyguides.org`, tu cliente de correo electrónico le solicitará a `privacyguides.org` la clave OpenPGP de Jonah, y si `privacyguides.org` tiene la clave para esa cuenta, tu mensaje se encriptará automáticamente. Además de los [clientes de correo electrónico que recomendamos](../email-clients.md) y son compatibles con WKD, algunos clientes web de correo electrónico también son compatibles con WKD. Si *tu propia* clave es publicada en WKD para que otros la utilicen, esto dependerá de tu configuración de dominio. Si utilizas un [proveedor de correo electrónico](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) compatible con WKD, como Proton Mail o Mailbox.org, ellos pueden publicar tu clave OpenPGP en su dominio por usted. diff --git a/i18n/es/email.md b/i18n/es/email.md index 2456ee5d..efcce6a0 100644 --- a/i18n/es/email.md +++ b/i18n/es/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Además de (o en lugar de) un proveedor de correo electrónico recomendado aquí ## Servicios Compatibles con OpenPGP -Estos proveedores soportan de manera nativa el cifrado/descifrado de OpenPGP y el [estándar de Directorio de Clave Web](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), permitiendo que los correos electrónicos cifrados de extremo a extremo sean independientes del proveedor. Por ejemplo, un usuario de Proton Mail podría enviar un mensaje E2EE a un usuario de Mailbox.org, o podrías recibir notificaciones encriptadas con OpenPGP desde servicios de Internet que lo soporten. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Por ejemplo, un usuario de Proton Mail podría enviar un mensaje E2EE a un usuario de Mailbox.org, o podrías recibir notificaciones encriptadas con OpenPGP desde servicios de Internet que lo soporten.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Cierta información almacenada en [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/pr #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Encriptación de Correo Electrónico -Proton Mail ha [integrado la encriptación OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) en su webmail. Los correos electrónicos a otras cuentas de Proton Mail se encriptan automáticamente, y la encriptación a direcciones que no sean de Proton Mail con una clave OpenPGP pueden ser habilitados fácilmente en la configuración de tu cuenta. Proton también soporta el descubrimiento automático de claves externas con [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Esto significa que los correos electrónicos enviados a otros proveedores que utilicen WKD también se cifrarán automáticamente con OpenPGP, sin necesidad de intercambiar manualmente claves PGP públicas con tus contactos. Estas también te permiten [cifrar los mensajes enviados a cuentas no pertenecientes a Proton](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), sin la necesidad de que el receptor utilice OpenPGP o se registre en Proton Mail. +Proton Mail ha [integrado la encriptación OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) en su webmail. Los correos electrónicos a otras cuentas de Proton Mail se encriptan automáticamente, y la encriptación a direcciones que no sean de Proton Mail con una clave OpenPGP pueden ser habilitados fácilmente en la configuración de tu cuenta. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. Esto significa que los correos electrónicos enviados a otros proveedores que utilicen WKD también se cifrarán automáticamente con OpenPGP, sin necesidad de intercambiar manualmente claves PGP públicas con tus contactos. Estas también te permiten [cifrar los mensajes enviados a cuentas no pertenecientes a Proton](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), sin la necesidad de que el receptor utilice OpenPGP o se registre en Proton Mail. Proton Mail también publica las direcciones públicas de las cuentas a través de HTTP desde su WKD. Esto permite las personas quienes no utilizan Proton Mail a encontrar fácilmente las claves OpenPGP de las cuentas de Proton Mail, para E2EE entre proveedores. Esto solo aplica para las direcciones de correo electrónico que terminen en uno de los dominios de Proton, como @proton.me. Si utilizas un dominio personalizado, debes [configurar WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) por separado. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Sin embargo, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), la pla Mailbox.org tiene [encriptación integrada](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) en su correo web, lo que simplifica el envío de mensajes a personas con claves públicas OpenPGP. También permiten [a destinatarios remotos descifrar un correo electrónico](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) en los servidores de Mailbox.org. Esta característica es útil cuando el destinatario remoto no tiene OpenPGP y no puede descifrar una copia del correo electrónico en su propio buzón de correo. -Mailbox.org también admite el descubrimiento de claves públicas a través de HTTP desde su [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Esto permite que personas afuera de Mailbox.org encuentren fácilmente las claves OpenPGP de las cuentas de Mailbox.org, para E2EE entre proveedores. Esto solo aplica para las direcciones de correo electrónico que terminan en un dominio de Mailbox.org, como @mailbox.org. Si utilizas un dominio personalizado, debes [configurar WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) por separado. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Esto permite que personas afuera de Mailbox.org encuentren fácilmente las claves OpenPGP de las cuentas de Mailbox.org, para E2EE entre proveedores. Esto solo aplica para las direcciones de correo electrónico que terminan en un dominio de Mailbox.org, como @mailbox.org. Si utilizas un dominio personalizado, debes [configurar WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) por separado. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Cancelación de Cuenta @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Consideramos que estas características son importantes para ofrecer un servicio - Cifra todos los datos de la cuenta (contactos, calendarios, etc.) en reposo con cifrado de acceso cero. - Cifrado integrado de correo web E2EE/PGP proporcionado como una conveniencia. -- Compatibilidad con [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) para permitir un mejor descubrimiento de claves OpenPGP públicas a través de HTTP. Los usuarios de GnuPG pueden obtener una clave escribiendo: `gpg --locate-key usuario_ejemplo@ejemplo.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. Los usuarios de GnuPG pueden obtener una clave escribiendo: `gpg --locate-key usuario_ejemplo@ejemplo.com` - Soporte para un buzón temporal para usuarios externos. Esto es útil cuando quieres enviar un correo electrónico encriptado, sin enviar una copia real a tu destinatario. Estos correos electrónicos suelen tener una vida útil limitada y luego se eliminan automáticamente. Tampoco requieren que el destinatario configure ninguna criptografía como OpenPGP. - Disponibilidad de los servicios del proveedor de correo electrónico a través de un [ servicio onion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - Soporte de [subdireccionamiento](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing). diff --git a/i18n/es/tools.md b/i18n/es/tools.md index 4c8a8522..5789347c 100644 --- a/i18n/es/tools.md +++ b/i18n/es/tools.md @@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ Si busca más **seguridad**, asegúrese siempre de conectarse a sitios web que u
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/fa/ai-chat.md b/i18n/fa/ai-chat.md index 841c70e2..7f5a8c5c 100644 --- a/i18n/fa/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/fa/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/fa/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/fa/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/fa/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/fa/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/fa/email.md b/i18n/fa/email.md index 5475ca5b..fa491bec 100644 --- a/i18n/fa/email.md +++ b/i18n/fa/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## سرویس‌های سازگار با OpenPGP -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. به عنوان مثال، یک کاربر Proton Mail می تواند یک پیام E2EE را به یک کاربر Mailbox.org ارسال کند، یا می توانید اعلان های رمزگذاری شده با OpenPGP را از سرویس های اینترنتی که از آن پشتیبانی می کنند دریافت کنید. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. به عنوان مثال، یک کاربر Proton Mail می تواند یک پیام E2EE را به یک کاربر Mailbox.org ارسال کند، یا می توانید اعلان های رمزگذاری شده با OpenPGP را از سرویس های اینترنتی که از آن پشتیبانی می کنند دریافت کنید.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Proton Mail دارای [رمزگذاری بدون دسترسی](https://proton.m #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } رمزگذاری ایمیل -Proton Mail دارای [رمزگذاری OpenPGP یکپارچه](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) در ایمیل خود است. ایمیل‌های سایر حساب‌های Proton Mail به‌طور خودکار رمزگذاری می‌شوند و رمزگذاری آدرس‌های ایمیل غیر پروتون با کلید OpenPGP به راحتی در تنظیمات حساب شما فعال می‌شود. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail دارای [رمزگذاری OpenPGP یکپارچه](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) در ایمیل خود است. ایمیل‌های سایر حساب‌های Proton Mail به‌طور خودکار رمزگذاری می‌شوند و رمزگذاری آدرس‌های ایمیل غیر پروتون با کلید OpenPGP به راحتی در تنظیمات حساب شما فعال می‌شود. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. این قابلیت به افرادی که از سرویس Proton Mail استفاده نمی‌کنند اجازه می‌دهد تا کلیدهای OpenPGP حساب‌های Proton Mail را برای رمزگذاری E2EE سرویس‌های دیگر به راحتی پیدا کنند. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. این ویژگی زمانی مفید است که گیرنده امکان استفاده از OpenPGP را ندارد و نمی تواند یک کپی از ایمیل را در صندوق پستی خود رمزگشایی کند. -Mailbox.org همچنین از کشف کلیدهای عمومی از طریق HTTP از [دایرکتوری کلیدهای وب (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) پشتیبانی می کند. این قابلیت به افرادی که از سرویس Mailbox.org استفاده نمی‌کنند اجازه می‌دهد تا کلیدهای OpenPGP حساب‌های Mailbox.org را برای رمزگذاری E2EE سرویس‌های دیگر به راحتی پیدا کنند. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. این قابلیت به افرادی که از سرویس Mailbox.org استفاده نمی‌کنند اجازه می‌دهد تا کلیدهای OpenPGP حساب‌های Mailbox.org را برای رمزگذاری E2EE سرویس‌های دیگر به راحتی پیدا کنند. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } بستن حساب @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/fa/tools.md b/i18n/fa/tools.md index 044c0d4a..a4366c12 100644 --- a/i18n/fa/tools.md +++ b/i18n/fa/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/fr/ai-chat.md b/i18n/fr/ai-chat.md index b79f83c8..9b1d1bb1 100644 --- a/i18n/fr/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/fr/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Téléchargements -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Exigences minimales -- Must be open-source. +- Doit être open-source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Dans le meilleur des cas @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/fr/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/fr/basics/email-security.md index a0c8310b..7bf265b6 100644 --- a/i18n/fr/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/fr/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Même si vous utilisez OpenPGP, il ne prend pas en charge la [confidentialité p ## Qu'est-ce que la norme Web Key Directory ? -La norme Web Key Directory (WKD) permet aux clients d'e-mail de découvrir la clé OpenPGP d'autres boîtes mails, même celles qui sont hébergées chez un autre fournisseur. Les clients d'e-mail qui prennent en charge le WKD demandent au serveur du destinataire une clé basée sur le nom de domaine de l'adresse e-mail. Par exemple, si vous envoyez un e-mail à `jonah@privacyguides.org`, votre client d'e-mail demandera à `privacyguides.org` la clé OpenPGP de Jonah, et si `privacyguides.org` dispose d'une clé pour ce compte, votre message sera automatiquement chiffré. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Les clients d'e-mail qui prennent en charge le WKD demandent au serveur du destinataire une clé basée sur le nom de domaine de l'adresse e-mail. Par exemple, si vous envoyez un e-mail à `jonah@privacyguides.org`, votre client d'e-mail demandera à `privacyguides.org` la clé OpenPGP de Jonah, et si `privacyguides.org` dispose d'une clé pour ce compte, votre message sera automatiquement chiffré. Outre les [clients d'e-mail que nous recommandons](../email-clients.md) et qui prennent en charge le WKD, certains fournisseurs d'e-mail avec interface web prennent également en charge le WKD. Le fait que *votre propre clé* soit publiée sur le WKD pour que d'autres puissent l'utiliser dépend de la configuration de votre domaine. Si vous utilisez un [fournisseur d'e-mail](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) qui prend en charge le WKD, tel que Proton Mail ou Mailbox.org, il peut publier votre clé OpenPGP sur son domaine pour vous. diff --git a/i18n/fr/email.md b/i18n/fr/email.md index 39bd4743..8a5fdde2 100644 --- a/i18n/fr/email.md +++ b/i18n/fr/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ En plus (ou à la place) d'un fournisseur de courrier électronique recommandé ## Services compatibles avec OpenPGP -Ces fournisseurs prennent en charge nativement le chiffrement/déchiffrement OpenPGP et la norme [Web Key Directory](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), ce qui permet d'obtenir des e-mails E2EE indépendamment du fournisseur. Par exemple, un utilisateur de Proton Mail peut envoyer un message E2EE à un utilisateur de Mailbox.org, ou vous pouvez recevoir des notifications chiffrées par OpenPGP de la part de services internet qui le supportent. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Par exemple, un utilisateur de Proton Mail peut envoyer un message E2EE à un utilisateur de Mailbox.org, ou vous pouvez recevoir des notifications chiffrées par OpenPGP de la part de services internet qui le supportent.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certaines informations stockées dans [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/suppor #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Chiffrement des e-mails -Proton Mail a [du chiffrement OpenPGP intégré](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) dans son interface d'e-mail web. Les e-mails destinés à d'autres comptes Proton Mail sont chiffrés automatiquement, et le chiffrement vers des adresses autres que Proton Mail avec une clé OpenPGP peut être activé facilement dans les paramètres de votre compte. Proton prend également en charge la découverte automatique de clés externes avec le [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Cela signifie que les e-mails envoyés à d'autres fournisseurs qui utilisent WKD seront automatiquement chiffrés avec OpenPGP, sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'échanger manuellement des clés PGP publiques avec vos contacts. Ils vous permettent également de [chiffrer des messages destinés à des adresses non Proton Mail sans OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), sans qu'ils aient besoin de s'inscrire à un compte Proton Mail. +Proton Mail a [du chiffrement OpenPGP intégré](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) dans son interface d'e-mail web. Les e-mails destinés à d'autres comptes Proton Mail sont chiffrés automatiquement, et le chiffrement vers des adresses autres que Proton Mail avec une clé OpenPGP peut être activé facilement dans les paramètres de votre compte. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. Cela signifie que les e-mails envoyés à d'autres fournisseurs qui utilisent WKD seront automatiquement chiffrés avec OpenPGP, sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'échanger manuellement des clés PGP publiques avec vos contacts. Ils vous permettent également de [chiffrer des messages destinés à des adresses non Proton Mail sans OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), sans qu'ils aient besoin de s'inscrire à un compte Proton Mail. Proton Mail publie également les clés publiques des comptes Proton via HTTP à partir de leur WKD. Cela permet aux personnes qui n'utilisent pas Proton Mail de trouver facilement les clés OpenPGP des comptes Proton Mail, pour un E2EE inter-fournisseurs. Cela ne s'applique qu'aux adresses e-mails se terminant par un domaine Proton, comme @proton.me. Si vous utilisez un domaine personnalisé, vous devez [configurer le WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) séparément. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Cependant, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), la plate Mailbox.org a [du chiffrement intégré](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) dans son interface d'e-mail web, ce qui simplifie l'envoi de messages à des personnes possédant des clés OpenPGP publiques. Ils permettent également aux [destinataires distants de déchiffrer un e-mail](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) sur les serveurs de Mailbox.org. Cette fonction est utile lorsque le destinataire distant ne dispose pas d'OpenPGP et ne peut pas déchiffrer une copie de l'e-mail dans sa propre boîte mail. -Mailbox.org prend également en charge la découverte de clés publiques via HTTP à partir de leur [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Cela permet aux personnes extérieures à Mailbox.org de trouver facilement les clés OpenPGP des comptes Mailbox.org, pour un E2EE inter-fournisseurs. Cela ne s'applique qu'aux adresses e-mails se terminant par un domaine Mailbox, comme @mailbox.org. Si vous utilisez un domaine personnalisé, vous devez [configurer le WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) séparément. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Cela permet aux personnes extérieures à Mailbox.org de trouver facilement les clés OpenPGP des comptes Mailbox.org, pour un E2EE inter-fournisseurs. Cela ne s'applique qu'aux adresses e-mails se terminant par un domaine Mailbox, comme @mailbox.org. Si vous utilisez un domaine personnalisé, vous devez [configurer le WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) séparément. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Résiliation du compte @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Nous considérons ces caractéristiques comme importantes afin de fournir un ser - Chiffre toutes les données du compte (contacts, calendriers, etc.) au repos avec un chiffrement à accès zéro. - Une interface d'e-mail web intégrée avec chiffrement E2EE/PGP est fournie à titre de commodité. -- Prise en charge de [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) pour permettre une meilleure découverte des clés publiques OpenPGP via HTTP. Les utilisateurs de GnuPG peuvent obtenir une clé en tapant : `gpg --locate-key utilisateur_exemple@exemple.fr` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. Les utilisateurs de GnuPG peuvent obtenir une clé en tapant : `gpg --locate-key utilisateur_exemple@exemple.fr` - Prise en charge d'une boîte mail temporaire pour les utilisateurs externes. Cette fonction est utile lorsque vous souhaitez envoyer un e-mail chiffré, sans envoyer une copie réelle à votre destinataire. Ces e-mails ont généralement une durée de vie limitée et sont ensuite automatiquement supprimés. Ils n'obligent pas non plus le destinataire à configurer un système de chiffrement comme OpenPGP. - Disponibilité des services du fournisseur d'e-mail via un [service onion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - Support du [sous-adressage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing). diff --git a/i18n/fr/tools.md b/i18n/fr/tools.md index aed74e1e..2cb46b8b 100644 --- a/i18n/fr/tools.md +++ b/i18n/fr/tools.md @@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ Nous [recommandons](dns.md#recommended-providers) un certain nombre de serveurs
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/he/ai-chat.md b/i18n/he/ai-chat.md index 60d7d472..37694bdb 100644 --- a/i18n/he/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/he/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### דרישות מינימליות -- Must be open-source. +- חייב להיות קוד פתוח. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### המקרה הטוב ביותר @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/he/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/he/basics/email-security.md index 8a023859..1a63c0e6 100644 --- a/i18n/he/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/he/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ description: אימייל הוא מטבעו לא מאובטח במובנים ר ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/he/email.md b/i18n/he/email.md index 77284b10..79d81c54 100644 --- a/i18n/he/email.md +++ b/i18n/he/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## ספקי אימייל מומלצים -ספקים אלה תומכים באופן מקורי בהצפנה/פענוח של OpenPGP וב[תקן מדריך מפתחות אינטרנט](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), המאפשר לספק -אימיילים אגנוסטיים של E2EE. לדוגמה, משתמש Proton Mail יכול לשלוח הודעת E2EE למשתמש Mailbox.org, או שאתה יכול לקבל התראות מוצפנות OpenPGP משירותי אינטרנט התומכים בכך. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. לדוגמה, משתמש Proton Mail יכול לשלוח הודעת E2EE למשתמש Mailbox.org, או שאתה יכול לקבל התראות מוצפנות OpenPGP משירותי אינטרנט התומכים בכך.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Proton Mail supports TOTP [two-factor authentication](https://proton.me/support/ #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } הצפנת אימייל -Proton Mail [שילבה הצפנת OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) בדואר האינטרנט שלהם. אימיילים לחשבונות Proton Mail אחרים מוצפנים באופן אוטומטי, וניתן להפעיל הצפנה לכתובות שאינן פרוטון מייל עם מפתח OpenPGP בקלות בהגדרות החשבון שלך. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail [שילבה הצפנת OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) בדואר האינטרנט שלהם. אימיילים לחשבונות Proton Mail אחרים מוצפנים באופן אוטומטי, וניתן להפעיל הצפנה לכתובות שאינן פרוטון מייל עם מפתח OpenPGP בקלות בהגדרות החשבון שלך. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. זה מאפשר לאנשים שאינם משתמשים ב-Proton Mail למצוא בקלות את מפתחות OpenPGP של חשבונות Proton Mail, עבור E2EE חוצה ספקים. זה חל רק על כתובות אימיילים המסתיימות באחד מהדומיינים של פרוטון עצמו, כמו proton.me@. אם אתה משתמש בדומיין מותאם אישית, עליך [להגדיר את WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) בנפרד. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. תכונה זו שימושית כאשר לנמען המרוחק אין OpenPGP ואין באפשרותו לפענח עותק של הדואר האלקטרוני בתיבת הדואר שלו. -Mailbox.org תומך גם בגילוי מפתחות ציבוריים באמצעות HTTP מ-[Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) שלהם. זה מאפשר לאנשים מחוץ Mailbox.org למצוא את מפתחות OpenPGP של חשבונות Mailbox.org בקלות, עבור E2EE חוצה ספקים. זה חל רק על כתובות אימיילים המסתיימות באחד מהדומיינים של Mailbox.org עצמו, כמו mailbox.org@. אם אתה משתמש בדומיין מותאם אישית, עליך [להגדיר את WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) בנפרד. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. זה מאפשר לאנשים מחוץ Mailbox.org למצוא את מפתחות OpenPGP של חשבונות Mailbox.org בקלות, עבור E2EE חוצה ספקים. זה חל רק על כתובות אימיילים המסתיימות באחד מהדומיינים של Mailbox.org עצמו, כמו mailbox.org@. אם אתה משתמש בדומיין מותאם אישית, עליך [להגדיר את WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) בנפרד. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } סגירת חשבון @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Stalwart does **not** have an integrated webmail, so you will need to use it wit - מצפין את כל נתוני החשבון (אנשי קשר, יומנים וכו') במצב מנוחה עם הצפנה ללא גישה. - הצפנת דואר אינטרנט משולבת E2EE/PGP מסופקת לנוחיותך. -- תמיכה עבור [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) כדי לאפשר גילוי משופר של מפתחות OpenPGP ציבוריים באמצעות HTTP. משתמשי GnuPG יכולים לקבל מפתח על ידי הקלדה `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. משתמשי GnuPG יכולים לקבל מפתח על ידי הקלדה `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - תמיכה בתיבת דואר זמנית למשתמשים חיצוניים. פעולה זו שימושית כאשר ברצונך לשלוח דוא"ל מוצפן, מבלי לשלוח עותק בפועל לנמען שלך. למיילים אלה יש בדרך כלל תוחלת חיים מוגבלת ולאחר מכן נמחקות אוטומטית. הם גם לא דורשים מהנמען להגדיר שום קריפטוגרפיה כמו OpenPGP. - זמינות שירותי ספק הדואר האלקטרוני באמצעות [שירות onion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/he/tools.md b/i18n/he/tools.md index 09cf96a2..a54fafbe 100644 --- a/i18n/he/tools.md +++ b/i18n/he/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/hi/ai-chat.md b/i18n/hi/ai-chat.md index 8034bbf5..7f5a8c5c 100644 --- a/i18n/hi/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/hi/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/hi/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/hi/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/hi/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/hi/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/hi/email.md b/i18n/hi/email.md index bb6bba2c..e2054402 100644 --- a/i18n/hi/email.md +++ b/i18n/hi/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP Compatible Services -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/hi/tools.md b/i18n/hi/tools.md index c3d7ba14..99cc83b5 100644 --- a/i18n/hi/tools.md +++ b/i18n/hi/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/hu/ai-chat.md b/i18n/hu/ai-chat.md index 68d69ac2..aeb793b8 100644 --- a/i18n/hu/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/hu/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Alap elvárások -- Must be open-source. +- Nyílt forráskódúnak kell lennie. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Legjobb esetben @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/hu/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/hu/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/hu/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/hu/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/hu/email.md b/i18n/hu/email.md index c0b0e905..77b09c52 100644 --- a/i18n/hu/email.md +++ b/i18n/hu/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Az itt ajánlott email szolgáltatók mellett (vagy helyett) érdemes megfontoln ## OpenPGP-kompatibilis szolgáltatások -Ezek a szolgáltatók natívan támogatják az OpenPGP titkosítást/visszafejtést és a [Web Key Directory szabványt](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), lehetővé téve a szolgáltatófüggetlen, végponttól-végpontig titkosított emaileket. Például egy Proton Mail felhasználó küldhet végponttól-végpontig titkosított üzenetet egy Mailbox.org felhasználónak, de fogadhatsz OpenPGP-titkosított értesítéseket olyan internetes szolgáltatásoktól is, amelyek támogatják azt. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Például egy Proton Mail felhasználó küldhet végponttól-végpontig titkosított üzenetet egy Mailbox.org felhasználónak, de fogadhatsz OpenPGP-titkosított értesítéseket olyan internetes szolgáltatásoktól is, amelyek támogatják azt.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ A [Proton Contactsban](https://proton.me/support/proton-contacts) tárolt bizony #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } E-mail titkosítás -A Proton Mail [integrálta az OpenPGP titkosítást](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) a webmailjébe. A más Proton Mail-fiókokba küldött e-mailek automatikusan titkosítva vannak, és a nem Proton Mail-címekre küldött, OpenPGP-kulccsal rendelkező e-mailek titkosítása egyszerűen engedélyezhető a fiók beállításaiban. A Proton támogatja az automatikus külső kulcskeresést a [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) segítségével. Ez azt jelenti, hogy a WKD-t használó más szolgáltatóknak küldött e-maileket automatikusan az OpenPGP-vel is titkosítja, anélkül, hogy manuálisan kellene nyilvános PGP-kulcsokat cserélnie a kapcsolattartóival. Az [OpenPGP nélkül, nem Proton Mail címekre küldött üzeneteket titkosíthatod](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), anélkül, hogy a címzetteknek Proton Mail fiókot kellene regisztrálniuk. +A Proton Mail [integrálta az OpenPGP titkosítást](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) a webmailjébe. A más Proton Mail-fiókokba küldött e-mailek automatikusan titkosítva vannak, és a nem Proton Mail-címekre küldött, OpenPGP-kulccsal rendelkező e-mailek titkosítása egyszerűen engedélyezhető a fiók beállításaiban. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. Ez azt jelenti, hogy a WKD-t használó más szolgáltatóknak küldött e-maileket automatikusan az OpenPGP-vel is titkosítja, anélkül, hogy manuálisan kellene nyilvános PGP-kulcsokat cserélnie a kapcsolattartóival. Az [OpenPGP nélkül, nem Proton Mail címekre küldött üzeneteket titkosíthatod](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), anélkül, hogy a címzetteknek Proton Mail fiókot kellene regisztrálniuk. A Proton Mail a Proton-fiókok nyilvános kulcsait is közzéteszi HTTP-n keresztül a WKD-ből. Ez lehetővé teszi, hogy a Proton Mailt nem használók is könnyen megtalálják a Proton Mail fiókok OpenPGP-kulcsait a szolgáltatóközi E2EE-hez. Ez csak a Proton saját domainjeire végződő e-mail címekre vonatkozik, mint például a @proton.me. Ha egyéni tartományt használsz, kézzel kell [konfigurálni a WKD-t](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard). @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ A Mailbox.org által használt szoftverplatform, az [Open-Exchange](https://en.w A Mailbox.org webmailbe [beépített titkosítást](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) alkalmaz, ami leegyszerűsíti az üzenetek küldését nyilvános OpenPGP-kulcsokkal rendelkező személyeknek. Lehetővé teszik továbbá, hogy a [távoli címzettek visszafejtsenek egy e-mailt](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) a Mailbox.org szerverein. Ez a funkció akkor hasznos, ha a távoli címzett nem rendelkezik OpenPGP-vel, és nem tudja visszafejteni az e-mail másolatát a saját postafiókjában. -A Mailbox.org támogatja a nyilvános kulcsok HTTP-n keresztüli keresését is a [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) segítségével. Ez lehetővé teszi, hogy a Mailbox.org-ot nem használók is könnyen megtalálják a Mailbox.org fiókok OpenPGP-kulcsait a szolgáltatóközi végponttól-végpontig terjedő titkosításhoz. Ez csak a Mailbox.org saját domainjeire végződő e-mail címekre vonatkozik, mint például a @mailbox.org. Ha egyéni tartományt használsz, kézzel kell [konfigurálni a WKD-t](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard). +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Ez lehetővé teszi, hogy a Mailbox.org-ot nem használók is könnyen megtalálják a Mailbox.org fiókok OpenPGP-kulcsait a szolgáltatóközi végponttól-végpontig terjedő titkosításhoz. Ez csak a Mailbox.org saját domainjeire végződő e-mail címekre vonatkozik, mint például a @mailbox.org. Ha egyéni tartományt használsz, kézzel kell [konfigurálni a WKD-t](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard). #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Fiók megszüntetése @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Ezeket a funkciókat fontosnak tartjuk a biztonságos és optimális szolgáltat - Zéró hozzáférésű titkosítással titkosítja az összes fiókadatot (névjegyek, naptárak stb.). - Integrált webmail E2EE/PGP titkosítás, amely kényelmi funkciót biztosít. -- A [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) támogatása a nyilvános OpenPGP kulcsok HTTP-n keresztüli jobb felderítésének lehetővé tételéhez. A GnuPG felhasználók kulcsot szerezhetnek a következő paranccsal: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. A GnuPG felhasználók kulcsot szerezhetnek a következő paranccsal: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Ideiglenes postafiók támogatása külső felhasználók számára. Ez akkor hasznos, ha titkosított e-mailt szeretne küldeni anélkül, hogy a címzettnek tényleges másolatot küldene. Ezek az e-mailek általában korlátozott élettartamúak, majd automatikusan törlődnek. A címzettnek nem kell semmilyen titkosítást konfigurálnia, mint az OpenPGP esetében. - Az emailszolgáltató weboldalának elérhetősége egy [.onion szolgáltatáson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion) keresztül. - Az [alcímzés](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) támogatása. diff --git a/i18n/hu/tools.md b/i18n/hu/tools.md index 3c16b412..3a355c05 100644 --- a/i18n/hu/tools.md +++ b/i18n/hu/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/id/ai-chat.md b/i18n/id/ai-chat.md index fbb8bddd..396bf9b1 100644 --- a/i18n/id/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/id/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Persyaratan Minimum -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Kasus Terbaik @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/id/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/id/basics/email-security.md index 1ff06729..2429874c 100644 --- a/i18n/id/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/id/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Bahkan jika Anda menggunakan OpenPGP, ini tidak mendukung [forward secrecy](http ## Apa itu standar Direktori Kunci Web? -Standar Direktori Kunci Web (Web Key Directory; WKD) memungkinkan klien surel untuk menemukan kunci OpenPGP untuk kotak surel lain, bahkan yang di-host pada penyedia yang berbeda. Klien surel yang mendukung WKD akan meminta server penerima untuk mendapatkan kunci berdasarkan nama domain alamat surel. Sebagai contoh, jika Anda mengirim surel ke `jonah@privacyguides.org`, klien surel Anda akan meminta `privacyguides.org` untuk mendapatkan kunci OpenPGP Jonah, dan jika `privacyguides.org` memiliki kunci untuk akun tersebut, pesan Anda akan dienkripsi secara otomatis. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Klien surel yang mendukung WKD akan meminta server penerima untuk mendapatkan kunci berdasarkan nama domain alamat surel. Sebagai contoh, jika Anda mengirim surel ke `jonah@privacyguides.org`, klien surel Anda akan meminta `privacyguides.org` untuk mendapatkan kunci OpenPGP Jonah, dan jika `privacyguides.org` memiliki kunci untuk akun tersebut, pesan Anda akan dienkripsi secara otomatis. Selain [klien surel yang kami rekomendasikan](../email-clients.md), yang mendukung WKD, beberapa penyedia surel berabasis web juga mendukung WKD. Apakah kunci *Anda* diterbitkan ke WKD untuk digunakan orang lain tergantung pada konfigurasi domain Anda. Jika Anda menggunakan [penyedia surel](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) yang mendukung WKD, seperti Proton Mail atau Mailbox.org, mereka dapat mempublikasikan kunci OpenPGP Anda ke domain mereka untuk Anda. diff --git a/i18n/id/email.md b/i18n/id/email.md index e4342441..896be7d8 100644 --- a/i18n/id/email.md +++ b/i18n/id/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## Layanan yang Kompatibel dengan OpenPGP -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Sebagai contoh, pengguna Proton Mail dapat mengirim pesan E2EE ke pengguna Mailbox.org, atau Anda dapat menerima notifikasi terenkripsi OpenPGP dari layanan internet yang mendukungnya. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Sebagai contoh, pengguna Proton Mail dapat mengirim pesan E2EE ke pengguna Mailbox.org, atau Anda dapat menerima notifikasi terenkripsi OpenPGP dari layanan internet yang mendukungnya.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Email ke akun Proton Mail lainnya dienkripsi secara otomatis, dan enkripsi ke alamat non-Proton Mail dengan kunci OpenPGP dapat diaktifkan dengan mudah di pengaturan akun Anda. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Email ke akun Proton Mail lainnya dienkripsi secara otomatis, dan enkripsi ke alamat non-Proton Mail dengan kunci OpenPGP dapat diaktifkan dengan mudah di pengaturan akun Anda. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. Hal ini memungkinkan orang yang tidak menggunakan Proton Mail untuk menemukan kunci OpenPGP akun Proton Mail dengan mudah, untuk lintas-penyedia E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. Fitur ini berguna ketika penerima jarak jauh tidak memiliki OpenPGP dan tidak dapat mendekripsi salinan email di kotak surat mereka sendiri. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Hal ini memungkinkan orang di luar Mailbox.org untuk menemukan kunci OpenPGP dari akun Mailbox.org dengan mudah, untuk lintas-penyedia E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Hal ini memungkinkan orang di luar Mailbox.org untuk menemukan kunci OpenPGP dari akun Mailbox.org dengan mudah, untuk lintas-penyedia E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/id/tools.md b/i18n/id/tools.md index 0ebe8deb..2b795c11 100644 --- a/i18n/id/tools.md +++ b/i18n/id/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/it/ai-chat.md b/i18n/it/ai-chat.md index f27aa8fd..0167b130 100644 --- a/i18n/it/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/it/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Scarica -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Requisiti minimi -- Must be open-source. +- Deve essere open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Caso migliore @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/it/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/it/basics/email-security.md index cd31d0e7..8e2fbb65 100644 --- a/i18n/it/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/it/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Anche se utilizzi OpenPGP, non supporta la [segretezza in avanti](https://en.wik ## Che cos'è lo standard Web Key Directory? -Lo standard Web Key Directory (WKD) consente ai client di posta elettronica di scoprire la chiave OpenPGP di altre caselle di posta, anche se ospitate da un altro provider. I client di posta elettronica che supportano il WKD chiederanno al server del destinatario una chiave basata sul nome di dominio dell'indirizzo e-mail. Ad esempio, se invii un'email a `jonah@privacyguides.org`, il tuo client di posta elettronica chiederà a `privacyguides.org` la chiave OpenPGP di Jonah e se `privacyguides.org` dispone di una chiave per quell'account, il tuo messaggio verrà automaticamente crittografato. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. I client di posta elettronica che supportano il WKD chiederanno al server del destinatario una chiave basata sul nome di dominio dell'indirizzo e-mail. Ad esempio, se invii un'email a `jonah@privacyguides.org`, il tuo client di posta elettronica chiederà a `privacyguides.org` la chiave OpenPGP di Jonah e se `privacyguides.org` dispone di una chiave per quell'account, il tuo messaggio verrà automaticamente crittografato. Oltre ai [client di posta elettronica che consigliamo](../email-clients.md) e che supportano WKD, anche alcuni provider di webmail supportano WKD. Se *la propria chiave* viene pubblicata su WKD per essere utilizzata da altri dipende dalla configurazione del dominio. Se utilizzi un [provider di posta elettronica](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) che supporta WKD, come Proton Mail o Mailbox.org, possono pubblicare la tua chiave OpenPGP sul loro dominio per te. diff --git a/i18n/it/email.md b/i18n/it/email.md index 4dd9ca2b..6efeacba 100644 --- a/i18n/it/email.md +++ b/i18n/it/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Oltre a (o al posto di) un provider di posta elettronica consigliato qui, potres ## Servizi compatibili con OpenPGP -Questi provider supportano in modo nativo la crittografia/decrittografia OpenPGP e lo [standard Web Key Directory](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), consentendo la creazione di e-mail E2EE indipendenti dal provider. Ad esempio, un utente di Proton Mail potrebbe inviare un messaggio E2EE a un utente Mailbox.org, o potresti ricevere notifiche crittografate in OpenPGP dai servizi Internet che le supportano. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Ad esempio, un utente di Proton Mail potrebbe inviare un messaggio E2EE a un utente Mailbox.org, o potresti ricevere notifiche crittografate in OpenPGP dai servizi Internet che le supportano.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certe informazioni memorizzate su [Proton Contact](https://proton.me/support/pro #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Crittografia Email -Proton Mail ha una [crittografia OpenPGP integrata](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) nella propria webmail. Le e-mail inviate ad altri account Proton Mail vengono crittografate automaticamente, e la crittografia verso indirizzi non Proton Mail con una chiave OpenPGP può essere abilitata nelle impostazioni dell'account. Proton supporta anche il rilevamento automatico di chiavi esterne con [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Ciò significa che le e-mail inviate ad altri provider che utilizzano WKD saranno automaticamente crittografate con OpenPGP, senza dover scambiare manualmente le chiavi PGP pubbliche con i tuoi contatti. Consentono inoltre di [crittografare i messaggi inviati a indirizzi non Proton Mail senza OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), senza la necessità di aprire un account Proton Mail. +Proton Mail ha una [crittografia OpenPGP integrata](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) nella propria webmail. Le e-mail inviate ad altri account Proton Mail vengono crittografate automaticamente, e la crittografia verso indirizzi non Proton Mail con una chiave OpenPGP può essere abilitata nelle impostazioni dell'account. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. Ciò significa che le e-mail inviate ad altri provider che utilizzano WKD saranno automaticamente crittografate con OpenPGP, senza dover scambiare manualmente le chiavi PGP pubbliche con i tuoi contatti. Consentono inoltre di [crittografare i messaggi inviati a indirizzi non Proton Mail senza OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), senza la necessità di aprire un account Proton Mail. Proton Mail pubblica anche le chiavi pubbliche degli account Proton via HTTP dal loro WKD. Ciò permette a coloro che non utilizzano Proton Mail, di trovare facilmente le chiavi OpenPGP dei profili di Proton Mail, per un'E2EE tra fornitori. Questo vale solo per gli indirizzi e-mail che terminano con uno dei domini di proprietà di Proton, come @proton.me. Se si utilizza un dominio personalizzato, è necessario [configurare il WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separatamente. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Tuttavia, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), la piatta Mailbox.org ha la [crittografia integrata](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) nella sua webmail, il che semplifica l'invio di messaggi a persone con chiavi OpenPGP pubbliche. Inoltre, consentono ai [destinatari di decifrare un'e-mail](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) sui server di Mailbox.org. Questa funzionalità è utile quando il destinatario da remoto non ha OpenPGP e non può decrittografare una copia dell'email nella propria casella. -Inoltre, Mailbox.org supporta la scoperta di chiavi pubbliche tramite HTTP dalla loro [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Questo permette a persone esterne a Mailbox.org di trovare facilmente le chiavi OpenPGP degli account di Mailbox.org, per un E2EE fra provider diversi. Questo vale solo per gli indirizzi e-mail che terminano con uno dei domini di Mailbox.org, come @mailbox.org. Se si utilizza un dominio personalizzato, è necessario [configurare il WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separatamente. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Questo permette a persone esterne a Mailbox.org di trovare facilmente le chiavi OpenPGP degli account di Mailbox.org, per un E2EE fra provider diversi. Questo vale solo per gli indirizzi e-mail che terminano con uno dei domini di Mailbox.org, come @mailbox.org. Se si utilizza un dominio personalizzato, è necessario [configurare il WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separatamente. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Chiusura dell'account @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Consideriamo queste funzionalità come importanti per poter fornire un servizio - Crittografa tutti i dati del profilo (Contatti, Calendari, ecc.) a riposo con crittografia ad accesso zero. - Crittografia E2EE/PGP della webmail integrata, fornita per comodità. -- Supporto per [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) per consentire la scoperta migliorata delle chiavi pubbliche di OpenPGP tramite HTTP. Gli utenti di GnuPG possono ottenere una chiave digitando: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. Gli utenti di GnuPG possono ottenere una chiave digitando: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Supporto per una casella temporanea per gli utenti esterni. Questo è utile quando desideri inviare un'email crittografata, senza inviare una copia effettiva al tuo destinatario. Queste email, solitamente, hanno una durata limitata, prima di essere eliminate automaticamente. Inoltre, non richiedono al destinatario di configurare alcuna crittografia, come OpenPGP. - Disponibilità dei servizi del fornitore email tramite un [servizio onion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - Supporto per il [sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing). diff --git a/i18n/it/tools.md b/i18n/it/tools.md index 865c4598..7f22bba5 100644 --- a/i18n/it/tools.md +++ b/i18n/it/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ Se stai cercando maggiore **sicurezza**, dovresti sempre assicurarti di connette
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/ja/ai-chat.md b/i18n/ja/ai-chat.md index 1afa1faf..2e993f26 100644 --- a/i18n/ja/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/ja/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### 最低要件 -- Must be open-source. +- オープンソースであること。 - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### 満たされることが望ましい基準 @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/ja/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/ja/basics/email-security.md index fe692baa..5c172dab 100644 --- a/i18n/ja/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/ja/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/ja/email.md b/i18n/ja/email.md index 33a432c9..b6e49926 100644 --- a/i18n/ja/email.md +++ b/i18n/ja/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ global: ## OpenPGP対応サービス -OpenPGPによる暗号化・復号化や[Web Key Directory規格](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard)をネイティブサポートしているプロバイダーでは、プロバイダーに依存しないE2EE(エンドツーエンド暗号化)メールが利用可能です。 例えば、Proton MailのユーザはMailbox.orgのユーザにE2EEメッセージを送れますし、OpenPGPで暗号化された通知を、それをサポートするインターネットサービスから受け取ることができます。 +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. 例えば、Proton MailのユーザはMailbox.orgのユーザにE2EEメッセージを送れますし、OpenPGPで暗号化された通知を、それをサポートするインターネットサービスから受け取ることができます。
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Proton Mailはメールと [カレンダー](https://proton.me/news/protoncalend #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } メールの暗号化 -Proton Mailはwebメールに [OpenPGP暗号化を組み込んでいます。](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) 他のProton Mailアカウントへのメールは自動的に暗号化され、OpenPGPキーによる非Proton Mailアドレスへの暗号化はアカウント設定から簡単に有効化できます。 Protonは[Web Key Directory(WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD)による外部の鍵の自動探索にも対応しています。 WKDを使った他のプロバイダーに送信されるEメールは自動的にOpenPGPで暗号化され、PGP公開鍵と連絡先を手動で交換する必要はありません。 また、[Proton Mailではないアドレスに送るメッセージをOpenPGPを使わずに暗号化する](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails)こともでき、受信者はProton Mailアカウントへのサインアップが必要ありません。 +Proton Mailはwebメールに [OpenPGP暗号化を組み込んでいます。](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) 他のProton Mailアカウントへのメールは自動的に暗号化され、OpenPGPキーによる非Proton Mailアドレスへの暗号化はアカウント設定から簡単に有効化できます。 Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. WKDを使った他のプロバイダーに送信されるEメールは自動的にOpenPGPで暗号化され、PGP公開鍵と連絡先を手動で交換する必要はありません。 また、[Proton Mailではないアドレスに送るメッセージをOpenPGPを使わずに暗号化する](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails)こともでき、受信者はProton Mailアカウントへのサインアップが必要ありません。 Proton MailではProtonアカウントの公開鍵をWKDからHTTP経由で公開します。 これにより、Proton Mailを使っていない人でも、Proton MailアカウントのOpenPGPキーを簡単に見つけることができ、プロバイダをまたいだE2EEが可能になります。 @proton.meのようなProtonが所有するドメインのEメールアドレスのみ対象です。 カスタムドメインを使用する場合、[WKDの設定](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard)が必要になります。 @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Mailbox.orgでは[暗号化されたメールボックス](https://kb.mailbox.or Mailbox.orgのウェブメールは[暗号化機能が組みこまれており](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard)、OpenPGP公開鍵を持つ人へのメッセージの送信が簡単にできます。 Mailbox.orgのサーバー上で[受信者がEメールの復号化をすることもできます](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp)。 この機能はリモートの受信者がOpenPGPを持っておらず、自分のメールボックスにあるメールのコピーを複合できない場合に便利です。 -Mailbox.orgは [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) からHTTP経由で公開鍵を発見することもサポートしています。 これにより、Mailbox.orgを使っていない人でも、Mailbox.orgアカウントのOpenPGPキーを簡単に見つけることができ、プロバイダをまたいだE2EEが可能になります。 @mailbox.orgのようなMailbox.orgが所有するドメインのEメールアドレスのみ対象です。 カスタムドメインを使用する場合、[WKDの設定](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard)が必要になります。 +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. これにより、Mailbox.orgを使っていない人でも、Mailbox.orgアカウントのOpenPGPキーを簡単に見つけることができ、プロバイダをまたいだE2EEが可能になります。 @mailbox.orgのようなMailbox.orgが所有するドメインのEメールアドレスのみ対象です。 カスタムドメインを使用する場合、[WKDの設定](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard)が必要になります。 #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } アカウントの停止 @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Stalwartにはウェブメールが**ない**ため、[専用のEメールクラ - ゼロアクセス暗号化により、すべてのアカウントのデータ(連絡先、カレンダーなど)が暗号化されていること。 - 利便性のため、E2EE/PGP暗号化できるウェブメールがあること。 -- HTTP経由でのOpenPGP公開鍵の探索を改善するため、[WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD)へ対応していること。 GnuPGでは次のスクリプトで鍵を取得できます: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPGでは次のスクリプトで鍵を取得できます: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - 外部ユーザー用の一時的なメールボックスがあること。 受信者に実際のメールのコピーを送るのではなく、暗号化されたメールを送る際に役立ちます。 通常の場合、一時的なメールボックスのメールには期限があり、自動的に削除されます。 また、受信者はOpenPGPのような暗号化を設定する必要がありません。 - [.onionサービス](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion)経由でEメールプロバイダーのサービスが利用できること。 - [サブアドレス](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing)に対応していること。 diff --git a/i18n/ja/tools.md b/i18n/ja/tools.md index a966acbe..69749535 100644 --- a/i18n/ja/tools.md +++ b/i18n/ja/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/ko/ai-chat.md b/i18n/ko/ai-chat.md index d0a8dc1c..1a64ddd2 100644 --- a/i18n/ko/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/ko/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### 최소 요구 사항 -- Must be open-source. +- 오픈 소스여야 합니다. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### 우대 사항 @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/ko/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/ko/basics/email-security.md index d1f45c13..0ab7321f 100644 --- a/i18n/ko/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/ko/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ OpenPGP를 사용하더라도 [순방향 비밀성(Forward secrecy)](https://en. ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/ko/email.md b/i18n/ko/email.md index ac897d2d..466d45c0 100644 --- a/i18n/ko/email.md +++ b/i18n/ko/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP 호환 서비스 -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. 예를 들어, Proton Mail 사용자는 Mailbox.org 사용자에게 E2EE 메시지를 보내거나, OpenPGP 지원 인터넷 서비스에서 OpenPGP로 암호화된 알림을 받을 수 있습니다. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. 예를 들어, Proton Mail 사용자는 Mailbox.org 사용자에게 E2EE 메시지를 보내거나, OpenPGP 지원 인터넷 서비스에서 OpenPGP로 암호화된 알림을 받을 수 있습니다.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Proton Mail은 이메일 및 [캘린더](https://proton.me/news/protoncalendar-s #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } 이메일 암호화 -Proton Mail은 웹메일에 [OpenPGP 암호화 기능을 내장](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp)하고 있습니다. 다른 Proton Mail 계정으로 보내는 이메일은 자동으로 암호화되며, Proton Mail 외 주소로 보내는 이메일에 대한 OpenPGP 암호화는 계정 설정에서 간편하게 활성화할 수 있습니다. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail은 웹메일에 [OpenPGP 암호화 기능을 내장](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp)하고 있습니다. 다른 Proton Mail 계정으로 보내는 이메일은 자동으로 암호화되며, Proton Mail 외 주소로 보내는 이메일에 대한 OpenPGP 암호화는 계정 설정에서 간편하게 활성화할 수 있습니다. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. 이로써 Proton Mail을 사용하지 않는 사람도 Proton Mail OpenPGP 키를 쉽게 찾아 서로 다른 제공 업체 간 E2EE 적용이 가능합니다. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. OpenPGP가 없어 수신자가 자신의 메일함에서 직접 복호화할 수 없을 경우에 이 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. -또한, Mailbox.org는 [웹 키 디렉터리(WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD)에서 HTTP를 통한 공개 키 검색을 지원합니다. Mailbox.org를 사용하지 않는 사람들은 Mailbox.org 계정의 OpenPGP 공개키를 쉽게 찾을 수 있고, 플랫폼과 무관하게 종단간 암호화를 할 수 있습니다. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Mailbox.org를 사용하지 않는 사람들은 Mailbox.org 계정의 OpenPGP 공개키를 쉽게 찾을 수 있고, 플랫폼과 무관하게 종단간 암호화를 할 수 있습니다. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } 계정 해지 @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Stalwart does **not** have an integrated webmail, so you will need to use it wit - Zero Access Encryption을 통해 모든 계정 데이터(연락처, 캘린더 등)를 암호화해야 합니다. - 웹메일에 E2EE/PGP 암호화가 통합되어 있어서 편리하게 사용할 수 있어야 합니다. -- [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD)를 지원하여 HTTP를 통한 공개 OpenPGP 키 검색 편의를 제공해야 합니다. GnuPG 사용자는 `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com`를 입력하여 키를 얻을 수 있습니다. +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG 사용자는 `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com`를 입력하여 키를 얻을 수 있습니다. - 외부 사용자를 위해 임시 메일함을 지원해야 합니다. 수신자에게 실제 사본을 보내지 않고 암호화된 이메일을 보내고자 할 때 유용합니다. 이러한 이메일은 보통 수명이 제한돼 있으며 이후 자동으로 삭제됩니다. 수신자가 OpenPGP 등의 암호화를 설정할 필요가 없습니다. - [Onion 서비스](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion)를 통해 이메일 서비스를 이용할 수 있어야 합니다. - [하위 주소](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) 지원. diff --git a/i18n/ko/tools.md b/i18n/ko/tools.md index d4e617f7..8865fa5f 100644 --- a/i18n/ko/tools.md +++ b/i18n/ko/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/ai-chat.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/ai-chat.md index 8034bbf5..7f5a8c5c 100644 --- a/i18n/ku-IQ/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/ku-IQ/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/email.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/email.md index b4716b33..0aee0dc8 100644 --- a/i18n/ku-IQ/email.md +++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## خزمەتگوزاریەکانی گونجاون لەگەڵ OpenPGP -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. بۆ نموونە: بەکارهێنەرێکی Proton Mail دەتوانێت پەیامێکی E2EE بنێرێت بۆ بەکارهێنەرێکی Mailbox.org، یان دەتوانیت ئاگادارکردنەوەی OpenPGP-شفرکراوت پێ بگات لەڕێی ئەو خزمەتگوزاریانەی پشتگیری دەکەن. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. بۆ نموونە: بەکارهێنەرێکی Proton Mail دەتوانێت پەیامێکی E2EE بنێرێت بۆ بەکارهێنەرێکی Mailbox.org، یان دەتوانیت ئاگادارکردنەوەی OpenPGP-شفرکراوت پێ بگات لەڕێی ئەو خزمەتگوزاریانەی پشتگیری دەکەن.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Proton Mail تەکنەلۆژیای [شفرکردن و تێپەڕبوونی-ئە #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } شفرکردنی پۆستەی ئەلکتڕۆنی -Proton Mail [شفرکردنی OpenPGP زیادکردووە](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) بۆ ماڵپەری پۆستەی ئەلکتڕۆنییەکەیان. پۆستەی ئەلکتڕۆنی نێوان هەژمارەکانی Proton Mail خۆکارانە شفرکراوە، بەڵام شفرکردن لە نێوان Proton Mail و پۆستەی ئەلکتڕۆنی تر شفردەکرێن بە ئاسانی لەڕێگەی کلیلی OpenPGP، کە لە ڕێکخستنەکانی هەژمارەکەت هەیە. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail [شفرکردنی OpenPGP زیادکردووە](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) بۆ ماڵپەری پۆستەی ئەلکتڕۆنییەکەیان. پۆستەی ئەلکتڕۆنی نێوان هەژمارەکانی Proton Mail خۆکارانە شفرکراوە، بەڵام شفرکردن لە نێوان Proton Mail و پۆستەی ئەلکتڕۆنی تر شفردەکرێن بە ئاسانی لەڕێگەی کلیلی OpenPGP، کە لە ڕێکخستنەکانی هەژمارەکەت هەیە. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. ئەمەڕێگە ئەو کەسانە دەدات کە Proton Mail بەکار ناهێنن بۆئەوەی کلیکە گشتیەکانی هەژماری Proton Mail بە ئاسانی بدۆزنەوە. تا ببێتە هۆی گونجاندن لەگەڵ دابینکەرانی تری E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. ئەم تایبەتمەندیە بەسوودە کاتێک وەرگر لە دوورەوە OpenPGPـی نییە و ناتوانێت شفرەکە لەسەر لەبەرگیراوەیەکی پۆستەکە لاببات لە سندووقی پۆستەکانی خۆیدا. -هەروەها Mailbox.org پشتگیری دۆزینەوەی کلیلە گشتیەکان دەکات لە HTTPــەوە لە ڕێگای [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). ئەمە ڕێگە بە کەسانی دەرەوەی Mailbox.org دەدات کە کلیلەکانی OpenPGP بۆ هەژمارەکانی Mailbox.org بە ئاسانی بدۆزنەوە، تا ببێتە هۆی گونجاندن لەگەڵ دابینکەرانی تری E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. ئەمە ڕێگە بە کەسانی دەرەوەی Mailbox.org دەدات کە کلیلەکانی OpenPGP بۆ هەژمارەکانی Mailbox.org بە ئاسانی بدۆزنەوە، تا ببێتە هۆی گونجاندن لەگەڵ دابینکەرانی تری E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } لەناوبردنی هەژمار @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md index c2f37359..3fd0f41b 100644 --- a/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md +++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/nl/ai-chat.md b/i18n/nl/ai-chat.md index 5f9d0df2..34c1c895 100644 --- a/i18n/nl/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/nl/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimale vereisten -- Must be open-source. +- Moet open source zijn. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Beste geval @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/nl/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/nl/basics/email-security.md index 5f0eb92b..ef25dfb8 100644 --- a/i18n/nl/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/nl/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Zelfs als je OpenPGP gebruikt, biedt het geen ondersteuning voor [forward secrec ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/nl/email.md b/i18n/nl/email.md index 2b114f39..ed00b3da 100644 --- a/i18n/nl/email.md +++ b/i18n/nl/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP compatibele diensten -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Een Proton Mail-gebruiker zou bijvoorbeeld een E2EE-bericht kunnen sturen naar een Mailbox.org-gebruiker, of je zou OpenPGP-versleutelde meldingen kunnen ontvangen van internetdiensten die dit ondersteunen. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Een Proton Mail-gebruiker zou bijvoorbeeld een E2EE-bericht kunnen sturen naar een Mailbox.org-gebruiker, of je zou OpenPGP-versleutelde meldingen kunnen ontvangen van internetdiensten die dit ondersteunen.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Bepaalde informatie opgeslagen in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/pr #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email encryptie -Proton Mail heeft [OpenPGP encryptie](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) geïntegreerd in hun webmail. E-mails naar andere Proton Mail-accounts worden automatisch versleuteld, en versleuteling naar niet-Proton Mail-adressen met een OpenPGP-sleutel kan eenvoudig worden ingeschakeld in je accountinstellingen. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail heeft [OpenPGP encryptie](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) geïntegreerd in hun webmail. E-mails naar andere Proton Mail-accounts worden automatisch versleuteld, en versleuteling naar niet-Proton Mail-adressen met een OpenPGP-sleutel kan eenvoudig worden ingeschakeld in je accountinstellingen. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. Hierdoor kunnen mensen die geen Proton Mail gebruiken de OpenPGP sleutels van Proton Mail accounts gemakkelijk vinden, voor cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. Deze functie is nuttig wanneer de ontvanger op afstand geen OpenPGP heeft en geen kopie van de e-mail in zijn eigen mailbox kan ontsleutelen. -Mailbox.org ondersteunt ook de ontdekking van publieke sleutels via HTTP vanuit hun [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Hierdoor kunnen mensen buiten Mailbox.org gemakkelijk de OpenPGP sleutels van Mailbox.org accounts vinden, voor cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Hierdoor kunnen mensen buiten Mailbox.org gemakkelijk de OpenPGP sleutels van Mailbox.org accounts vinden, voor cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Beëindiging van account @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Wij beschouwen deze kenmerken als belangrijk om een veilige en optimale dienst t - Versleutelt alle accountgegevens (Contacten, Agenda's, etc) in rust met zero-access encryptie. - Geïntegreerde webmail E2EE/PGP-codering voor het gemak. -- Ondersteuning voor [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) om een verbeterde ontdekking van publieke OpenPGP sleutels via HTTP mogelijk te maken. GnuPG-gebruikers kunnen een sleutel krijgen door te typen: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG-gebruikers kunnen een sleutel krijgen door te typen: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Ondersteuning voor een tijdelijke mailbox voor externe gebruikers. Dit is handig wanneer je een versleutelde e-mail wilt verzenden, zonder een echte kopie naar jouw ontvanger te sturen. Deze e-mails hebben meestal een beperkte levensduur en worden daarna automatisch verwijderd. Zij vereisen ook niet dat de ontvanger cryptografie configureert zoals OpenPGP. - Beschikbaarheid van de diensten van de e-mailprovider via een [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/nl/tools.md b/i18n/nl/tools.md index e1b02180..3f6ced9a 100644 --- a/i18n/nl/tools.md +++ b/i18n/nl/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/pl/ai-chat.md b/i18n/pl/ai-chat.md index 0e866353..e860e0e9 100644 --- a/i18n/pl/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/pl/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Musi być open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/pl/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/pl/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/pl/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/pl/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/pl/email.md b/i18n/pl/email.md index c4ccef3c..10742946 100644 --- a/i18n/pl/email.md +++ b/i18n/pl/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP Compatible Services -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/pl/tools.md b/i18n/pl/tools.md index b1527c03..52a6d870 100644 --- a/i18n/pl/tools.md +++ b/i18n/pl/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/ai-chat.md b/i18n/pt-BR/ai-chat.md index 20eafbb4..30fa8b47 100644 --- a/i18n/pt-BR/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/pt-BR/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Protege contra as seguintes ameaças: - [:material-account-cash: Vigilância Capitalista](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censura](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Desde seu lançamento em 2022, o ChatGPT engajou popularmente e tornou as interações com grandes modelos de linguagem (LLMs)cada vez mais comuns. Os LLMs podem nos ajudar a escrever melhor, entender sobre assuntos desconhecidos ou responder a uma ampla gama de perguntas, ou até mesmo prever a próxima palavra digitada baseados num grande banco de dados extraído da internet. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. Os LLMs podem nos ajudar a escrever melhor, entender sobre assuntos desconhecidos ou responder a uma ampla gama de perguntas, They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Preocupações em relação aos LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Para executar a IA localmente é necessário um modelo de IA e um cliente de IA. ### Escolhendo um Modelo -Há muitos modelos de código aberto ou de licença livre disponíveis para download. A [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) é uma plataforma que permite que você navegue, pesquise e faça download de modelos em formatos comuns, como [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Empresas que fornecem bons modelos de direitos facilitados incluem grandes nomes como Mistral, Meta, Microsoft e Google. No entanto, também há muitos modelos comunitários e "ajustes" disponíveis. Conforme mencionado acima: modelos quantizados oferecem o melhor equilíbrio entre a qualidade e o desempenho do modelo para aqueles que usam um computador pessoal (equipamento de nível de consumidor). +Há muitos modelos de código aberto ou de licença livre disponíveis para download. A [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) é uma plataforma que permite que você navegue, pesquise e faça download de modelos em formatos comuns, como [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Empresas que fornecem bons modelos de direitos facilitados incluem grandes nomes como Mistral, Meta, Microsoft e Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. Conforme mencionado acima: modelos quantizados oferecem o melhor equilíbrio entre a qualidade e o desempenho do modelo para aqueles que usam um computador pessoal (equipamento de nível de consumidor). To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Deve ser de código aberto. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Melhor Caso @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/pt-BR/basics/email-security.md index 2b8d2d7a..4524c187 100644 --- a/i18n/pt-BR/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/pt-BR/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/email.md b/i18n/pt-BR/email.md index 2fd849a8..4742b94a 100644 --- a/i18n/pt-BR/email.md +++ b/i18n/pt-BR/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Além de (ou ao invés de) um provedor de e-mail recomendado aqui, você pode co ## Serviços Compatíveis com OpenPGP -Esses provedores suportam nativamente criptografia/descriptografia OpenPGP e o padrão [do Diretório de Chaves Web](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), permitindo e-mails independentes E2EE do provedor. Por exemplo, um usuário do Proton Mail pode mandar uma mensagem E2E para um usuário de Mailbox.org, ou você pode receber notificações criptografadas por OpenPGP de serviços de internet que suportam isso. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Por exemplo, um usuário do Proton Mail pode mandar uma mensagem E2E para um usuário de Mailbox.org, ou você pode receber notificações criptografadas por OpenPGP de serviços de internet que suportam isso.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certas informações armazenadas no [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/ #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Criptografia do Email -Proton Mail [tem criptografia OpenPGP integrada](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) em seu webmail. E-mails para outras contas do Proton Mail são criptografados automaticamente, e criptografia para endereços não-Proton Mail com uma chave OpenPGP pode ser facilmente ativada nas configurações da sua conta. O Proton também oferece suporte à descoberta automática de chaves externas com o [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Isso significa que os e-mails enviados a outros provedores que usam o WKD também serão criptografados automaticamente com o OpenPGP, sem a necessidade de trocar manualmente chaves PGP públicas com seus contatos. Eles também permitem que você [criptografe mensagens para endereços não-Proton Mail](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails) sem a necessidade de eles se cadastrarem com uma conta Proton Mail ou usar programas como OpenPGP. +Proton Mail [tem criptografia OpenPGP integrada](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) em seu webmail. E-mails para outras contas do Proton Mail são criptografados automaticamente, e criptografia para endereços não-Proton Mail com uma chave OpenPGP pode ser facilmente ativada nas configurações da sua conta. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. Isso significa que os e-mails enviados a outros provedores que usam o WKD também serão criptografados automaticamente com o OpenPGP, sem a necessidade de trocar manualmente chaves PGP públicas com seus contatos. Eles também permitem que você [criptografe mensagens para endereços não-Proton Mail](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails) sem a necessidade de eles se cadastrarem com uma conta Proton Mail ou usar programas como OpenPGP. O Proton Mail também publica as chaves públicas das contas Proton via HTTP a partir de seu WKD. Isso permite que as pessoas que não usam o Proton Mail encontrem as chaves OpenPGP de contas Proton Mail facilmente, para criptografia ponta-a-ponta (E2EE) entre provedores. Isso só se aplica aos endereços de e-mail que terminam em um dos domínios da própria ProtonMail, como @proton.me. Se você usar um domínio personalizado, deverá [configurar o WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separadamente. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ No entanto, [o Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), a pla Mailbox.org tem [criptografia integrada](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) em seu webmail, o que simplifica o envio de mensagens para pessoas com chaves OpenPGP públicas. Eles também permitem que [destinatários remotos descriptografem um e-mail](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) nos servidores do Mailbox.org. Esse recurso é útil quando o destinatário remoto não tem OpenPGP e não pode descriptografar uma cópia do e-mail em sua própria caixa de correio. -Mailbox.org também suporta a descoberta de chaves públicas via HTTP a partir do seu [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Isso permite que pessoas fora do Mailbox.org encontrem as chaves OpenPGP de contas Mailbox.org facilmente, para criptografia ponta-a-ponta (E2EE) entre provedores. Isso só se aplica aos endereços de e-mail que terminam em um dos domínios da própria Mailbox, como @mailbox.org. Se você usar um domínio personalizado, deverá [configurar o WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separadamente. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Isso permite que pessoas fora do Mailbox.org encontrem as chaves OpenPGP de contas Mailbox.org facilmente, para criptografia ponta-a-ponta (E2EE) entre provedores. Isso só se aplica aos endereços de e-mail que terminam em um dos domínios da própria Mailbox, como @mailbox.org. Se você usar um domínio personalizado, deverá [configurar o WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separadamente. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Rescisão da Conta @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Consideramos esses recursos importantes para fornecer um serviço seguro e otimi - Criptografa todos os dados da conta (contatos, calendários, etc.) em repouso com criptografia de acesso zero. - Criptografia E2EE/PGP integrada de webmail fornecido como conveniência. -- Suporte ao [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) para permitir a descoberta aprimorada de chaves OpenPGP públicas via HTTP. Usuários do GnuPG podem obter uma chave digitando: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. Usuários do GnuPG podem obter uma chave digitando: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Suporte para uma caixa de correio temporária para usuários externos. Isso é útil quando você deseja enviar um e-mail criptografado sem enviar uma cópia real para o seu destinatário. Estes e-mails geralmente têm um tempo de vida limitado e depois são automaticamente excluídos. Eles também não exigem que o destinatário configure nenhuma criptografia, como o OpenPGP. - Disponibilidade do site do provedor de serviços de e-mail em um [serviço onion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - Suporte a [subendereçamento](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing). diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md b/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md index b64000f7..24977325 100644 --- a/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md +++ b/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/pt/ai-chat.md b/i18n/pt/ai-chat.md index b08dc10b..47dfc7d3 100644 --- a/i18n/pt/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/pt/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Requisitos mínimos -- Must be open-source. +- Deve ser de fonte aberta. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Melhor caso @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/pt/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/pt/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/pt/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/pt/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/pt/email.md b/i18n/pt/email.md index 224b567a..ee8c6404 100644 --- a/i18n/pt/email.md +++ b/i18n/pt/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## Serviços Compatíveis com OpenPGP -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Por exemplo, um utilizador do Proton Mail pode enviar uma mensagem E2EE a um utilizador do Mailbox.org, ou pode receber notificações encriptadas em OpenPGP de serviços Internet que o suportem. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Por exemplo, um utilizador do Proton Mail pode enviar uma mensagem E2EE a um utilizador do Mailbox.org, ou pode receber notificações encriptadas em OpenPGP de serviços Internet que o suportem.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certas informações armazenadas em [Proton Contactos](https://proton.me/support #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Encriptação de e-mail -O Proton Mail tem [encriptação OpenPGP integrada](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) no seu webmail. Os e-mails para outras contas do Proton Mail são encriptados automaticamente e a encriptação para endereços que não sejam do Proton Mail com uma chave OpenPGP pode ser ativada facilmente nas definições da sua conta. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +O Proton Mail tem [encriptação OpenPGP integrada](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) no seu webmail. Os e-mails para outras contas do Proton Mail são encriptados automaticamente e a encriptação para endereços que não sejam do Proton Mail com uma chave OpenPGP pode ser ativada facilmente nas definições da sua conta. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. Isto permite que as pessoas que não utilizam o Proton Mail encontrem facilmente as chaves OpenPGP das contas do Proton Mail, para E2EE entre fornecedores. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. Esta funcionalidade é útil quando o destinatário remoto não tem o OpenPGP e não consegue desencriptar uma cópia do e-mail na sua própria caixa de correio. -O Mailbox.org também suporta a descoberta de chaves públicas via HTTP a partir do seu [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Isto permite que pessoas que não utilizem o Mailbox.org encontrem facilmente as chaves OpenPGP das contas Mailbox.org, para E2EE entre fornecedores. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Isto permite que pessoas que não utilizem o Mailbox.org encontrem facilmente as chaves OpenPGP das contas Mailbox.org, para E2EE entre fornecedores. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Remoção da conta @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Consideramos que estas características são importantes para podermos prestar u - Encriptação de todos os dados da conta (contactos, calendários, etc.) em estado de repouso, com encriptação de acesso zero. - Encriptação E2EE/PGP integrada no webmail, fornecida como uma conveniência. -- Suporte para [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) para permitir uma melhor descoberta de chaves OpenPGP públicas através de HTTP. Os utilizadores do GnuPG podem obter uma chave escrevendo: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. Os utilizadores do GnuPG podem obter uma chave escrevendo: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Suporte para uma caixa de correio temporária para utilizadores externos. Isto é útil quando se pretende enviar uma mensagem de e-mail encriptada, sem enviar uma cópia real ao destinatário. Estas mensagens de e-mail têm normalmente um tempo de vida limitado e depois são automaticamente eliminadas. Também não requerem que o destinatário configure qualquer criptografia como o OpenPGP. - Disponibilidade dos serviços do fornecedor de e-mail através de um serviço onion [](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/pt/tools.md b/i18n/pt/tools.md index 3ace3f24..bec26022 100644 --- a/i18n/pt/tools.md +++ b/i18n/pt/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/ru/ai-chat.md b/i18n/ru/ai-chat.md index e78980c1..3659fc44 100644 --- a/i18n/ru/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/ru/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Минимальные требования к сервисам -- Must be open-source. +- Исходный код проекта должен быть открыт. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### В лучшем случае @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/ru/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/ru/basics/email-security.md index 1dd0db7c..fbabbde3 100644 --- a/i18n/ru/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/ru/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ description: Электронная почта по своей природе н ## Что такое стандарт Web Key Directory? -Стандарт Web Key Directory (WKD) позволяет почтовым клиентам находить OpenPGP-ключи для почтовых ящиков, даже расположенных у других провайдеров. Почтовые клиенты, поддерживающие WKD, запрашивают ключ у сервера получателя, основываясь на доменном имени его адреса. Например, когда вы пишете на `jonah@privacyguides.org`, ваш почтовый клиент запрашивает у `privacyguides.org` OpenPGP-ключ Джона, и если `privacyguides.org` имеет соответствующий ключ, ваше сообщение будет автоматически зашифровано. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Почтовые клиенты, поддерживающие WKD, запрашивают ключ у сервера получателя, основываясь на доменном имени его адреса. Например, когда вы пишете на `jonah@privacyguides.org`, ваш почтовый клиент запрашивает у `privacyguides.org` OpenPGP-ключ Джона, и если `privacyguides.org` имеет соответствующий ключ, ваше сообщение будет автоматически зашифровано. В дополнение к [рекомендованным почтовым клиентам](../email-clients.md), поддерживающим WKD, некоторые браузерные почтовые интерфейсы также поддерживают WKD. Будет ли *ваш личный* ключ опубликован в WKD для других пользователей, зависит от конфигурации вашего домена. Если вы пользуетесь [почтовым провайдером](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services), поддерживающим WKD, таким как Proton Mail или Mailbox.org, они опубликуют ваш OpenPGP-ключ на своем домене. diff --git a/i18n/ru/email.md b/i18n/ru/email.md index 2920853d..ea779cb8 100644 --- a/i18n/ru/email.md +++ b/i18n/ru/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## Сервисы, поддерживающие OpenPGP -Эти провайдеры нативно поддерживают шифрование/дешифрование с помощью OpenPGP и стандарт [Web Key Directory](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), что позволяет использовать E2EE, не зависимо от провайдера. Например, пользователь Proton Mail может отправлять E2EE-зашифрованное сообщение пользователю Mailbox.org, или ты можешь получить OpenPGP-зашифрованное уведомление от интернет-сервисов, поддерживающих такую функцию. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Например, пользователь Proton Mail может отправлять E2EE-зашифрованное сообщение пользователю Mailbox.org, или ты можешь получить OpenPGP-зашифрованное уведомление от интернет-сервисов, поддерживающих такую функцию.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Proton Mail использует [шифрование с нулевым дос #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Шифрование электронной почты -Proton Mail [интегрировал шифрование OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) в свою веб-почту. Письма, отправленные на другие аккаунты Proton Mail шифруются автоматически. Шифрование писем с помощью ключа OpenPGP на адреса, не принадлежащие Proton Mail, можно легко включить в настройках аккаунта. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail [интегрировал шифрование OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) в свою веб-почту. Письма, отправленные на другие аккаунты Proton Mail шифруются автоматически. Шифрование писем с помощью ключа OpenPGP на адреса, не принадлежащие Proton Mail, можно легко включить в настройках аккаунта. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. Это позволяет людям, не использующим Proton Mail, легко находить OpenPGP-ключи учетных записей Proton Mail для кросс-провайдерского E2EE. Это относится только к адресам электронной почты, заканчивающимся на один из собственных доменов "Протона", например @proton.me. При использовании кастомного домена необходимо [настроить WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) отдельно. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. Эта функция полезна, когда получатель не имеет OpenPGP и не может расшифровать копию письма в собственном почтовом ящике. -Mailbox.org также поддерживает обнаружение открытых ключей через HTTP с их [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Это позволяет людям, не использующим Mailbox.org, легко находить OpenPGP-ключи учетных записей Mailbox.org для кросс-провайдерского E2EE. Это относится только к адресам электронной почты, заканчивающимся на один из собственных доменов "Mailbox.org", например @mailbox.org. При использовании кастомного домена необходимо [настроить WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) отдельно. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Это позволяет людям, не использующим Mailbox.org, легко находить OpenPGP-ключи учетных записей Mailbox.org для кросс-провайдерского E2EE. Это относится только к адресам электронной почты, заканчивающимся на один из собственных доменов "Mailbox.org", например @mailbox.org. При использовании кастомного домена необходимо [настроить WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) отдельно. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Блокировка аккаунта @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Stalwart does **not** have an integrated webmail, so you will need to use it wit - Шифрует все данные аккаунта (Контакты, Календари и т.д.) в состоянии покоя с помощью шифрования с нулевым доступом. - Встроенное шифрование веб-почты E2EE/PGP обеспечивает удобство. -- Поддерживает [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) для улучшения обнаружения открытых ключей OpenPGP через HTTP. Пользователи GnuPG могут получить ключ, набрав: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. Пользователи GnuPG могут получить ключ, набрав: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Поддержка временного почтового ящика для внешних пользователей. Это полезно, когда вы хотите отправить зашифрованное сообщение электронной почты, не отправляя фактическую копию получателю. Такие письма обычно имеют ограниченный срок действия, а затем автоматически удаляются. Они также не требуют от получателя настройки какой-либо криптографии, как OpenPGP. - Доступность услуг провайдера электронной почты через [службу .onion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/ru/tools.md b/i18n/ru/tools.md index 69ebb17d..a44fd03a 100644 --- a/i18n/ru/tools.md +++ b/i18n/ru/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/sv/ai-chat.md b/i18n/sv/ai-chat.md index 417911b4..6e721db7 100644 --- a/i18n/sv/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/sv/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimikrav -- Must be open-source. +- Måste vara öppen källkod. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Bästa fall @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/sv/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/sv/basics/email-security.md index b65f5b3a..3bca7a81 100644 --- a/i18n/sv/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/sv/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Det finns en annan standard som är populär bland företag och som heter [S/MIM ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/sv/email.md b/i18n/sv/email.md index f1c7c33e..07d5b155 100644 --- a/i18n/sv/email.md +++ b/i18n/sv/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP Compatible Services -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/sv/tools.md b/i18n/sv/tools.md index bf4835df..e944d459 100644 --- a/i18n/sv/tools.md +++ b/i18n/sv/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/tr/ai-chat.md b/i18n/tr/ai-chat.md index ebb1e988..359d19d2 100644 --- a/i18n/tr/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/tr/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Gereksinimler -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### En İyi Durum @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/tr/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/tr/basics/email-security.md index 3b39cb16..08d6670b 100644 --- a/i18n/tr/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/tr/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/tr/email.md b/i18n/tr/email.md index 98f8b82a..5a672187 100644 --- a/i18n/tr/email.md +++ b/i18n/tr/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP Uyumlu Hizmetler -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Örneğin, bir Proton Mail kullanıcısı bir Mailbox.org kullanıcısına bir uçtan uca şifreli mesaj gönderebilir, veya bunu destekleyen internet hizmetlerinden OpenPGP şifreli bildirimler alabilirsiniz. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Örneğin, bir Proton Mail kullanıcısı bir Mailbox.org kullanıcısına bir uçtan uca şifreli mesaj gönderebilir, veya bunu destekleyen internet hizmetlerinden OpenPGP şifreli bildirimler alabilirsiniz.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } E-posta Şifreleme -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Diğer Proton Mail hesaplarına gönderilen e-postalar otomatik olarak şifrelenir ve Proton Mail dışındaki adresler için OpenPGP anahtarıyla şifreleme, hesap ayarlarından kolayca etkinleştirilebilir. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Diğer Proton Mail hesaplarına gönderilen e-postalar otomatik olarak şifrelenir ve Proton Mail dışındaki adresler için OpenPGP anahtarıyla şifreleme, hesap ayarlarından kolayca etkinleştirilebilir. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/tr/tools.md b/i18n/tr/tools.md index c8fa112f..87adcd2c 100644 --- a/i18n/tr/tools.md +++ b/i18n/tr/tools.md @@ -351,8 +351,8 @@ Diğerlerinin yanı sıra [Mullvad](https://mullvad.net/en/help/dns-over-https-a
-- ![Kobold logosu](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/uk/ai-chat.md b/i18n/uk/ai-chat.md index 8034bbf5..7f5a8c5c 100644 --- a/i18n/uk/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/uk/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/uk/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/uk/basics/email-security.md index 29da3d08..b66ddc27 100644 --- a/i18n/uk/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/uk/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ description: Електронна пошта за своєю природою є ## Що таке стандарт Web Key Directory? -Стандарт Web Key Directory (WKD) дозволяє поштовим клієнтам отримувати ключ OpenPGP для інших поштових скриньок, навіть тих, що розміщені в іншого провайдера. Поштові клієнти, які підтримують WKD, запитують у сервера одержувача ключ на основі доменного імені адреси електронної пошти. Наприклад, якщо ви надішлете електронною поштою `jonah@privacyguides.org`, ваш поштовий клієнт запитає `privacyguides.org` про ключ OpenPGP Джона, і якщо `privacyguides.org` має ключ для цього облікового запису, ваше повідомлення буде автоматично зашифровано. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Поштові клієнти, які підтримують WKD, запитують у сервера одержувача ключ на основі доменного імені адреси електронної пошти. Наприклад, якщо ви надішлете електронною поштою `jonah@privacyguides.org`, ваш поштовий клієнт запитає `privacyguides.org` про ключ OpenPGP Джона, і якщо `privacyguides.org` має ключ для цього облікового запису, ваше повідомлення буде автоматично зашифровано. На додачу до [рекомендованих поштових клієнтів](../email-clients.md), які підтримують WKD, деякі провайдери вебпошти також підтримують WKD. Чи буде *ваш власний ключ* опублікований у WKD для використання іншими, залежить від конфігурації вашого домену. Якщо ви використовуєте [провайдера електронної пошти](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services), який підтримує WKD, наприклад, Proton Mail або Mailbox.org, вони можуть опублікувати для вас ваш ключ OpenPGP на своєму домені. diff --git a/i18n/uk/email.md b/i18n/uk/email.md index b8ebfd35..20eb584a 100644 --- a/i18n/uk/email.md +++ b/i18n/uk/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## Сервіси, сумісні з OpenPGP -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Наприклад, користувач Proton Mail може надіслати повідомлення E2EE користувачеві Mailbox.org, або ви можете отримувати сповіщення, зашифровані за допомогою OpenPGP, від інтернет-сервісів, які його підтримують. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. Наприклад, користувач Proton Mail може надіслати повідомлення E2EE користувачеві Mailbox.org, або ви можете отримувати сповіщення, зашифровані за допомогою OpenPGP, від інтернет-сервісів, які його підтримують.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Proton Mail має [шифрування з нульовим доступом](h #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Шифрування електронної пошти -Proton Mail має [інтегроване OpenPGP шифрування](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) у своїй електронній пошті. Електронні листи на інші акаунти Proton Mail шифруються автоматично, а шифрування на адреси, що не належать до Proton Mail, за допомогою ключа OpenPGP можна легко ввімкнути в налаштуваннях вашого акаунта. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail має [інтегроване OpenPGP шифрування](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) у своїй електронній пошті. Електронні листи на інші акаунти Proton Mail шифруються автоматично, а шифрування на адреси, що не належать до Proton Mail, за допомогою ключа OpenPGP можна легко ввімкнути в налаштуваннях вашого акаунта. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. Це дозволяє людям, які не користуються Proton Mail, легко знайти OpenPGP ключі акаунтів Proton Mail для незалежного від провайдерів E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. Ця функція корисна, коли віддалений одержувач не має OpenPGP і не може розшифрувати копію листа у власній поштовій скриньці. -Mailbox.org також підтримує виявлення публічних ключів через HTTP з їхнього [каталогу веб-ключів (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). Це дозволяє людям за межами Mailbox.org легко знаходити ключі OpenPGP акаунтів Mailbox.org для незалежного від провайдерів E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. Це дозволяє людям за межами Mailbox.org легко знаходити ключі OpenPGP акаунтів Mailbox.org для незалежного від провайдерів E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Деактивація облікового запису @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/uk/tools.md b/i18n/uk/tools.md index 962cd8bc..189bb0c2 100644 --- a/i18n/uk/tools.md +++ b/i18n/uk/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/vi/ai-chat.md b/i18n/vi/ai-chat.md index e2d97d32..e7d8c74d 100644 --- a/i18n/vi/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/vi/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/vi/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/vi/basics/email-security.md index 60513510..947d6d6b 100644 --- a/i18n/vi/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/vi/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Even if you use OpenPGP, it does not support [forward secrecy](https://en.wikipe ## What is the Web Key Directory standard? -The Web Key Directory (WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. Email clients which support WKD will ask the recipient's server for a key based on the email address' domain name. For example, if you emailed `jonah@privacyguides.org`, your email client would ask `privacyguides.org` for Jonah's OpenPGP key, and if `privacyguides.org` has a key for that account, your message would be automatically encrypted. In addition to the [email clients we recommend](../email-clients.md) which support WKD, some webmail providers also support WKD. Whether *your own* key is published to WKD for others to use depends on your domain configuration. If you use an [email provider](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) which supports WKD, such as Proton Mail or Mailbox.org, they can publish your OpenPGP key on their domain for you. diff --git a/i18n/vi/email.md b/i18n/vi/email.md index 604c8546..9e84603d 100644 --- a/i18n/vi/email.md +++ b/i18n/vi/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP Compatible Services -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it. +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. For example, a Proton Mail user could send an E2EE message to a Mailbox.org user, or you could receive OpenPGP-encrypted notifications from internet services which support it.
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. Emails to other Proton Mail accounts are encrypted automatically, and encryption to non-Proton Mail addresses with an OpenPGP key can be enabled easily in your account settings. Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people who don't use Proton Mail to find the OpenPGP keys of Proton Mail accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/vi/tools.md b/i18n/vi/tools.md index 8432dacd..eb9341bc 100644 --- a/i18n/vi/tools.md +++ b/i18n/vi/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/ai-chat.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/ai-chat.md index d97f7276..ac0d33b6 100644 --- a/i18n/zh-Hant/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: 監控資本主義](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: 審查](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -自 2022 年 ChatGPT 發表以來,人們與 LLM(大型語言模型) 的互動變得越來越普遍。 LLM 可以幫助我們寫出更好的文章;瞭解不熟悉的主題;或是回答各式各樣的問題。 他們可以根據從網路搜刮的大量資料,以統計方式預測下一串對話。 +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLM 可以幫助我們寫出更好的文章;瞭解不熟悉的主題;或是回答各式各樣的問題。 They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## LLM 的隱私權疑慮 @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ LLM 通常可以透過參數的數量來區分用途,對於提供給終端使 ### 選擇模型 -有許多採用寬鬆式自由軟體授權條款的模型可供下載。 [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) 是一個讓您瀏覽、研究和下載常用格式模型的平台,如 [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf)。 提供優質 'open-weights'模型 的公司包括 Mistral、Meta、Microsoft 和 Google 等大公司。 不過,也有許多由社群製作和「微調」的模型可用。 如上所述,量化模型為使用消費級硬體的使用者提供了模型品質與效能之間的最佳平衡。 +有許多採用寬鬆式自由軟體授權條款的模型可供下載。 [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) 是一個讓您瀏覽、研究和下載常用格式模型的平台,如 [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf)。 提供優質 'open-weights'模型 的公司包括 Mistral、Meta、Microsoft 和 Google 等大公司。 However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. 如上所述,量化模型為使用消費級硬體的使用者提供了模型品質與效能之間的最佳平衡。 為了幫助您選擇適合您的模型,您可以參考排行榜和基準。 使用最廣泛的排行榜是由社群驅動的 [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai)。 此外,[OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) 著重於 'open-weights'模型 在一般基準上的表現,例如: [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574)。 也有一些專門的基準測量因素,例如: [情緒智力](https://eqbench.com)、[「不受限制的」一般智力](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard),以及 [其他許多因素](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards)。 @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ LLM 通常可以透過參數的數量來區分用途,對於提供給終端使 ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp 是一個 AI 客戶端,可在您的 Windows、Mac 或 Linux 電腦上本地執行。 如果您需要大量的客製化和調整,例如為了角色扮演的目的,這是一個絕佳的選擇。 +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. 如果您需要大量的客製化和調整,例如為了角色扮演的目的,這是一個絕佳的選擇。 除了支援大量的文字模型之外,Kobold.cpp 也支援圖片產生器,如: [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) ;以及自動語音辨識工具,如: [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp)。 @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ Kobold.cpp 是一個 AI 客戶端,可在您的 Windows、Mac 或 Linux 電腦
-
+

相容性問題

Kobold.cpp 可能無法在不支援 AVX/AVX2 的電腦上執行。 @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp 可讓您修改 AI 模型溫度和 AI 聊天的 system prompt 等參 ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama 是一款命令列人工智能助理,可在 macOS、Linux 和 Windows 上使用。 如果您正在尋找一個易於使用、具有廣泛相容性,而且因使用 推理(inference) 和其他技術而速度極快的 AI 客戶端,Ollama 是一個不錯的選擇。 它也無須進行任何手動設定。 +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. 如果您正在尋找一個易於使用、具有廣泛相容性,而且因使用 推理(inference) 和其他技術而速度極快的 AI 客戶端,Ollama 是一個不錯的選擇。 它也無須進行任何手動設定。 除了支援大量文字生成模型之外,Ollama 也支援 [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) 模型,並且對 Meta 的 [Llama 視覺能力](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision) 有實驗性的支援。 @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama 可自動下載您要使用的 AI 模型,簡化設定本地 AI 聊天
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile 是一個輕量級的單一檔案執行檔,可讓使用者在自己的電腦上本地執行 LLM,而不需要進行任何設定。 它 [由 Mozilla 資助](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile),可在 Linux、macOS 和 Windows 上使用。 +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. 它 [由 Mozilla 資助](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile),可在 Linux、macOS 和 Windows 上使用。 Llamafile 也支援 LLaVA。 但是,它不支援語音辨識及圖片生成。 @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile 也支援 LLaVA。 但是,它不支援語音辨識及圖片生成。
下載 -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: 電腦版](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. ### 最低合格要求 -- 必須是開源的。 +- 它必須是開源的。 - 不得傳輸個人資料,包括聊天資料。 - 必須跨平台。 - 必須不需要 GPU。 -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - 必須無需網際網路連線。 ### 最佳情況 @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. - 應該有內建的模型下載器選項。 - 使用者應能修改 LLM 參數,例如其 system prompt 或 temperature。 +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: 檔案 checksum 是一種防篡改指紋。 開發人員通常會在可單獨下載的文字檔或下載頁面中提供 checksum。 驗證您所下載檔案的 checksum 是否與開發者提供的 checksum 相符,有助於確保檔案是真實的,且在傳輸過程中未被篡改。 您可以使用 Linux 和 macOS 上的 `sha256sum` 或 Windows 上的 `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` 等指令來產生下載檔案的 checksum。 diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/basics/email-security.md index 3c158dd1..296bf8e6 100644 --- a/i18n/zh-Hant/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ description: 從許多方面來看電子郵件本質上是不安全的,這也 ## Web Key Directory 網頁金鑰目錄標準介紹 -網頁金鑰目錄 (WKD) 標準可讓電子郵件用戶端發現其他郵箱的 OpenPGP 金鑰,甚至是託管在不同提供者上的郵箱。 支援 WKD 的電子郵件用戶端將根據電子郵件位址的網域名稱向收件者的伺服器請求金鑰。 例如,如果向`jonah@privacyguides.org` 發送電子郵件,您的電子郵件用戶端會向`privacyguides.org` 詢問Jonah 的OpenPGP 金鑰,如`privacyguides.org` 擁有該帳戶的金鑰,則您的訊息將自動加密。 +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. 支援 WKD 的電子郵件用戶端將根據電子郵件位址的網域名稱向收件者的伺服器請求金鑰。 例如,如果向`jonah@privacyguides.org` 發送電子郵件,您的電子郵件用戶端會向`privacyguides.org` 詢問Jonah 的OpenPGP 金鑰,如`privacyguides.org` 擁有該帳戶的金鑰,則您的訊息將自動加密。 除了我們推薦的[電子郵件用戶端](../email-clients.md)支援 WKD外,一些網頁郵件供應商也支援 WKD。 *自己的*金鑰是否發佈到 WKD 供其他人使用取決於網域配置。 如果使用支援 WKD 的[電子郵件提供者](../email.md#openpgp-known-services),例如 Proton Mail 或 Mailbox.org,他們可以在其網站上發布您網域名所準備的 OpenPGP 金鑰。 diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/email.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/email.md index ca87b2cb..39cc8414 100644 --- a/i18n/zh-Hant/email.md +++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ global: ## OpenPGP 兼容服務 -這些供應商原生支援 OpenPGP 加密以及 [Web Key Directory 標準](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard),可進行 provider-agnostic E2EE 電子郵件。 例如, Proton Mail 用戶可以向 Mailbox.org 用戶發送 E2EE 消息,或者您可以從它支援的網際網路服務接收 OpenPGP 加密通知。 +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. 例如, Proton Mail 用戶可以向 Mailbox.org 用戶發送 E2EE 消息,或者您可以從它支援的網際網路服務接收 OpenPGP 加密通知。
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Proton Mail 使用「[零存取加密技術](https://proton.me/blog/zero-access- #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } 電子郵件加密 -Proton Mail 網頁郵件整合了 [OpenPGP 加密](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) 。 發送到其他 Proton Mail 帳號的電子郵件會自動加密,並且可以在您的帳號設定中輕鬆啟用「使用 OpenPGP 金鑰對非 Proton Mail 位址進行加密」。 Proton 也支援透過 [Web 金鑰目錄 (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) 自動發現外部金鑰。 因此發送到使用 WKD 的其他供應商的電子郵件也將使用 OpenPGP 自動加密,無需與聯絡人手動交換公共 PGP 金鑰。 它可以 [加密非 Proton Mail 郵件位址的訊息](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails),不必非得使用帶 OpenPGP 的 Proton Mail 帳戶。 +Proton Mail 網頁郵件整合了 [OpenPGP 加密](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) 。 發送到其他 Proton Mail 帳號的電子郵件會自動加密,並且可以在您的帳號設定中輕鬆啟用「使用 OpenPGP 金鑰對非 Proton Mail 位址進行加密」。 Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. 因此發送到使用 WKD 的其他供應商的電子郵件也將使用 OpenPGP 自動加密,無需與聯絡人手動交換公共 PGP 金鑰。 它可以 [加密非 Proton Mail 郵件位址的訊息](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails),不必非得使用帶 OpenPGP 的 Proton Mail 帳戶。 Proton Mail 也透過 HTTP 從其 WKD 發布 Proton 帳戶的公鑰。 這可讓非 Proton Mail 使用者可以輕鬆找到 Proton Mail 帳戶的 OpenPGP 金鑰,以利跨供應商進行 E2EE 。 這僅限於使用 Proton 自身網域別名 (例如 @proton.me) 的電子郵件。 如果使用自定域名,則須另行[設定 WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) 。 @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ Mailbox.org 允許使用 [加密郵箱](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail Mailbox.org 在他們的網頁郵件中 [整合了加密功能](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) ,這簡化了向具有公開OpenPGP金鑰的人發送訊息。 它們也讓遠端收件者可以在 Mailbox.org 的伺服器上[解密電子郵件](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp)。 當遠端收件人沒有 OpenPGP 無法解密自己郵箱中的電子郵件時,此功能非常有用。 -Mailbox.org 還支援通過 HTTP 的 [Web金鑰目錄( WKD )](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD)發現公鑰。 因此其它人可以輕鬆找到 Mailbox.org 帳戶的 OpenPGP 金鑰,便於跨提供者使用 E2EE。 這僅限於使用 Mailbox.org 自身網域(例如 @mailbox.org) 的電子郵件。 如果使用自定域名,則須另行[設定 WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) 。 +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. 因此其它人可以輕鬆找到 Mailbox.org 帳戶的 OpenPGP 金鑰,便於跨提供者使用 E2EE。 這僅限於使用 Mailbox.org 自身網域(例如 @mailbox.org) 的電子郵件。 如果使用自定域名,則須另行[設定 WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) 。 #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } 終止帳號 @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Stalwart does **not** have an integrated webmail, so you will need to use it wit - 使用零存取加密帳戶全部資料(聯絡人、行事曆等)。 - 網頁郵件整合 E2EE/PGP加密以更方便使用。 -- 支援 [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) ,以改善透過HTTP發現公開的OpenPGP金鑰。 GnuPG 使用者可以透過輸入: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` 取得金鑰。 +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG 使用者可以透過輸入: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` 取得金鑰。 - 支援外部使用者的臨時信箱。 當您想要發送加密的電子郵件時,這非常有用,而無需將實際副本發送給您的收件人。 這些電子郵件通常具有限定時效,之後會被自動刪除。 它們也不需要收件人配置任何像OpenPGP這樣的加密技術。 - 可提供 [onion 服務](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion)的電子郵件服務供應商。 - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md index 6dd64b00..a97affff 100644 --- a/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md +++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ description: Privacy Guides 社群所推薦的隱私工具、服務、軟體及
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/i18n/zh/ai-chat.md b/i18n/zh/ai-chat.md index 2ce08176..399dccb1 100644 --- a/i18n/zh/ai-chat.md +++ b/i18n/zh/ai-chat.md @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ cover: ai-chatbots.webp - [:material-account-cash: Surveillance Capitalism](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model){ .pg-brown } - [:material-close-outline: Censorship](basics/common-threats.md#avoiding-censorship){ .pg-blue-gray } -Since the release of ChatGPT in 2022, interactions with Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly common. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They can statistically predict the next word based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. +The use of **AI chat**, also known as Large Language Models (LLMs), has become increasingly common since the release of ChatGPT in 2022. LLMs can help us write better, understand unfamiliar subjects, or answer a wide range of questions. They work by statistically predicting the next word in their responses based on a vast amount of data scraped from the web. ## Privacy Concerns About LLMs @@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ To run AI locally, you need both an AI model and an AI client. ### Choosing a Model -There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and 'fine-tunes' available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. +There are many permissively licensed models available to download. [Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models) is a platform that lets you browse, research, and download models in common formats like [GGUF](https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf). Companies that provide good open-weights models include big names like Mistral, Meta, Microsoft, and Google. However, there are also many community models and [fine-tuned](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-tuning_\(deep_learning\)) models available. As mentioned above, quantized models offer the best balance between model quality and performance for those using consumer-grade hardware. To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards and benchmarks. The most widely-used leaderboard is the community-driven [LM Arena](https://lmarena.ai). Additionally, the [OpenLLM Leaderboard](https://huggingface.co/spaces/open-llm-leaderboard/open_llm_leaderboard) focuses on the performance of open-weights models on common benchmarks like [MMLU-Pro](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01574). There are also specialized benchmarks which measure factors like [emotional intelligence](https://eqbench.com), ["uncensored general intelligence"](https://huggingface.co/spaces/DontPlanToEnd/UGI-Leaderboard), and [many others](https://www.nebuly.com/blog/llm-leaderboards). @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ To help you choose a model that fits your needs, you can look at leaderboards an ![Kobold.cpp Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){align=right} -Kobold.cpp is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. +**Kobold.cpp** is an AI client that runs locally on your Windows, Mac, or Linux computer. It's an excellent choice if you are looking for heavy customization and tweaking, such as for role-playing purposes. In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports image generators such as [Stable Diffusion](https://stability.ai/stable-image) and automatic speech recognition tools such as [Whisper](https://github.com/ggerganov/whisper.cpp). @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In addition to supporting a large range of text models, Kobold.cpp also supports
-
+

Compatibility Issues

Kobold.cpp might not run on computers without AVX/AVX2 support. @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Kobold.cpp allows you to modify parameters such as the AI model temperature and ![Ollama Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){align=right} -Ollama is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. +**Ollama** is a command-line AI assistant that is available on macOS, Linux, and Windows. Ollama is a great choice if you're looking for an AI client that's easy-to-use, widely compatible, and fast due to its use of inference and other techniques. It also doesn't involve any manual setup. In addition to supporting a wide range of text models, Ollama also supports [LLaVA](https://github.com/haotian-liu/LLaVA) models and has experimental support for Meta's [Llama vision capabilities](https://huggingface.co/blog/llama32#what-is-llama-32-vision). @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ Ollama simplifies the process of setting up a local AI chat by downloading the A
-![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){align=right} +![Llamafile Logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){align=right} -Llamafile is a lightweight single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. +**Llamafile** is a lightweight, single-file executable that allows users to run LLMs locally on their own computers without any setup involved. It is [backed by Mozilla](https://hacks.mozilla.org/2023/11/introducing-llamafile) and available on Linux, macOS, and Windows. Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or image generation. @@ -138,7 +138,9 @@ Llamafile also supports LLaVA. However, it doesn't support speech recognition or
Downloads -- [:fontawesome-solid-desktop: Desktop](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:fontawesome-brands-windows: Windows](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-apple: macOS](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart) +- [:simple-linux: Linux](https://github.com/Mozilla-Ocho/llamafile#quickstart)
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ To check the authenticity and safety of the model, look for: - Community reviews and usage statistics - A "Safe" badge next to the model file (Hugging Face only) - Matching checksums[^1] - - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. + - On Hugging Face, you can find the hash by clicking on a model file and looking for the **Copy SHA256** button below it. You should compare this checksum with the one from the model file you downloaded. A downloaded model is generally safe if it satisfies all the above checks. @@ -171,11 +173,11 @@ Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend. In addi ### Minimum Requirements -- Must be open-source. +- Must be open source. - Must not transmit personal data, including chat data. - Must be multi-platform. - Must not require a GPU. -- Must support GPU-powered fast inference. +- Must support GPU-powered, fast inference. - Must not require an internet connection. ### Best-Case @@ -186,4 +188,11 @@ Our best-case criteria represent what we _would_ like to see from the perfect pr - Should have a built-in model downloader option. - The user should be able to modify the LLM parameters, such as its system prompt or temperature. +\*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) +\*[LLM]: Large Language Model (AI model such as ChatGPT) +\*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) +\*[open-weights models]: AI models that anyone can download and use, but the underlying training data and/or algorithms for them are proprietary. +\*[system prompt]: The general instructions given by a human to guide how an AI chat should operate. +\*[temperature]: A parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. + [^1]: A file checksum is a type of anti-tampering fingerprint. A developer usually provides a checksum in a text file that can be downloaded separately, or on the download page itself. Verifying that the checksum of the file you downloaded matches the one provided by the developer helps ensure that the file is genuine and wasn't tampered with in transit. You can use commands like `sha256sum` on Linux and macOS, or `certutil -hashfile file SHA256` on Windows to generate the downloaded file's checksum. diff --git a/i18n/zh/basics/email-security.md b/i18n/zh/basics/email-security.md index 35c36345..9ad6367d 100644 --- a/i18n/zh/basics/email-security.md +++ b/i18n/zh/basics/email-security.md @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ description: 电子邮件在许多方面本身就不安全,以下是它不是 ## 什么是网络密钥目录标准? -网络密钥目录 (WKD) 标准允许电子邮件客户端发现其他邮箱的 OpenPGP 密钥,即使是托管在不同提供商的邮箱。 支持 WKD 的电子邮件客户端会要求收件人的服务器根据电子邮件地址的域名提供密钥。 例如,如果您向 `jonah@privacyguides.org`发送电子邮件,您的电子邮件客户端会向 `privacyguides.org` 询问 Jonah 的 OpenPGP 密钥,如果 `privacyguides.org` 拥有该账户的密钥,您的邮件就会自动加密。 +The [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) standard allows email clients to discover the OpenPGP key for other mailboxes, even those hosted on a different provider. 支持 WKD 的电子邮件客户端会要求收件人的服务器根据电子邮件地址的域名提供密钥。 例如,如果您向 `jonah@privacyguides.org`发送电子邮件,您的电子邮件客户端会向 `privacyguides.org` 询问 Jonah 的 OpenPGP 密钥,如果 `privacyguides.org` 拥有该账户的密钥,您的邮件就会自动加密。 除了我们推荐的 [电子邮件客户端(](../email-clients.md) )支持 WKD 外,一些网络邮件提供商也支持 WKD。 *您自己的* 密钥是否发布到 WKD 供他人使用,取决于您的域配置。 如果您使用支持 WKD 的 [电子邮件提供商](../email.md#openpgp-compatible-services) (如 Proton Mail 或 Mailbox.org),他们可以为您在其域上发布 OpenPGP 密钥。 diff --git a/i18n/zh/email.md b/i18n/zh/email.md index 8f241ff0..d99f9bbc 100644 --- a/i18n/zh/email.md +++ b/i18n/zh/email.md @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ In addition to (or instead of) an email provider recommended here, you may wish ## OpenPGP 兼容服务 -These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. 例如,Proton Mail用户可以向Mailbox.org用户发送E2EE信息,或者你可以从支持OpenPGP的互联网服务中收到OpenPGP加密的通知。 +These providers natively support OpenPGP encryption/decryption and the [Web Key Directory (WKD) standard](basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard), allowing for provider-agnostic E2EE emails. 例如,Proton Mail用户可以向Mailbox.org用户发送E2EE信息,或者你可以从支持OpenPGP的互联网服务中收到OpenPGP加密的通知。
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Certain information stored in [Proton Contacts](https://proton.me/support/proton #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Email Encryption -Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. 给其他Proton Mail账户的邮件是自动加密的,用OpenPGP密钥给非Proton Mail地址加密可以在账户设置中轻松启用。 Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. +Proton Mail has [integrated OpenPGP encryption](https://proton.me/support/how-to-use-pgp) in their webmail. 给其他Proton Mail账户的邮件是自动加密的,用OpenPGP密钥给非Proton Mail地址加密可以在账户设置中轻松启用。 Proton also supports automatic external key discovery with WKD. This means that emails sent to other providers which use WKD will be automatically encrypted with OpenPGP as well, without the need to manually exchange public PGP keys with your contacts. They also allow you to [encrypt messages to non-Proton Mail addresses without OpenPGP](https://proton.me/support/password-protected-emails), without the need for them to sign up for a Proton Mail account. Proton Mail also publishes the public keys of Proton accounts via HTTP from their WKD. 这使得不使用Proton Mail的人可以轻松找到Proton Mail账户的OpenPGP密钥,实现跨供应商的E2EE。 This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Proton's own domains, like @proton.me. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ However, [Open-Exchange](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-Xchange), the softwa Mailbox.org has [integrated encryption](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/send-encrypted-e-mails-with-guard) in their webmail, which simplifies sending messages to people with public OpenPGP keys. They also allow [remote recipients to decrypt an email](https://kb.mailbox.org/en/private/e-mail-article/my-recipient-does-not-use-pgp) on Mailbox.org's servers. This feature is useful when the remote recipient does not have OpenPGP and cannot decrypt a copy of the email in their own mailbox. -Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their [Web Key Directory (WKD)](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD). This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. +Mailbox.org also supports the discovery of public keys via HTTP from their WKD. This allows people outside of Mailbox.org to find the OpenPGP keys of Mailbox.org accounts easily, for cross-provider E2EE. This only applies to email addresses ending in one of Mailbox.org's own domains, like @mailbox.org. If you use a custom domain, you must [configure WKD](./basics/email-security.md#what-is-the-web-key-directory-standard) separately. #### :material-information-outline:{ .pg-blue } Account Termination @@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ We regard these features as important in order to provide a safe and optimal ser - Encrypts all account data (Contacts, Calendars, etc.) at rest with zero-access encryption. - Integrated webmail E2EE/PGP encryption provided as a convenience. -- Support for [WKD](https://wiki.gnupg.org/WKD) to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` +- Support for WKD to allow improved discovery of public OpenPGP keys via HTTP. GnuPG users can get a key by typing: `gpg --locate-key example_user@example.com` - Support for a temporary mailbox for external users. This is useful when you want to send an encrypted email, without sending an actual copy to your recipient. These emails usually have a limited lifespan and then are automatically deleted. They also don't require the recipient to configure any cryptography like OpenPGP. - Availability of the email provider's services via an [onion service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.onion). - [Sub-addressing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address#Sub-addressing) support. diff --git a/i18n/zh/tools.md b/i18n/zh/tools.md index a85d97a0..4e31b0f0 100644 --- a/i18n/zh/tools.md +++ b/i18n/zh/tools.md @@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Kobold logo](assets/img/ai-chat/kobold.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Kobold.cpp](ai-chat.md#koboldcpp) -- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.svg){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) +- ![Llamafile logo](assets/img/ai-chat/llamafile.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Llamafile](ai-chat.md#llamafile) - ![Ollama logo](assets/img/ai-chat/ollama.png){ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Ollama (CLI)](ai-chat.md#ollama-cli)
diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.ar.txt b/includes/abbreviations.ar.txt index 0d039f57..44b8e2b9 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.ar.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.ar.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system +*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: Command Line Interface *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digital Legacy refers to features that allow you to give other people access to your data when you die +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: End-of-Life *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: One-Time Password *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.bn-IN.txt b/includes/abbreviations.bn-IN.txt index 4d2f9ada..d8a21651 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.bn-IN.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.bn-IN.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system +*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: Command Line Interface *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digital Legacy refers to features that allow you to give other people access to your data when you die +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: End-of-Life *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: One-Time Password *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.bn.txt b/includes/abbreviations.bn.txt index f9b1abe4..b36f302a 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.bn.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.bn.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[এডিবি]: অ্যান্ড্রয়েড ডিবাগ ব্রিজ *[এওএসপি]: অ্যান্ড্রয়েড মুক্ত উৎস প্রকল্প *[এটিএ]: অ্যাডভান্সড টেকনোলজি অ্যাটাচমেন্ট -*[অ্যাটাক সার্ফেস]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system +*[অ্যাটাক সার্ফেস]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: Command Line Interface *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digital Legacy refers to features that allow you to give other people access to your data when you die +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: End-of-Life *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: One-Time Password *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.cs.txt b/includes/abbreviations.cs.txt index 7f40abee..c7beeb41 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.cs.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.cs.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[attack surface]: Celkový počet možných vstupních bodů pro neoprávněný přístup do systému +*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: Příkazová řádka *[CSV]: Hodnoty oddělené čárkou *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digitální dědictví se týká funkcí, které umožňují poskytnout ostatním lidem přístup k vašim datům po vaší smrti +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Systém doménových jmen *[DoH]: DNS přes HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS přes QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS přes HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS přes TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: End-of-Life *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementace PGP) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementace PGP) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Nativní rozhraní Java *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: Jednorázové heslo *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (viz OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Linux s vylepšenou bezpečností *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Označení názvu serveru *[SSD]: Polovodičový disk *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: Systém na čipu -*[SSO]: Jednotné přihlášení -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: Konsorcium World Wide Web *[XMPP]: Rozšiřitelný protokol pro posílání zpráv a zjištění stavu *[PWA]: Progresivní Webové Aplikace +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.de.txt b/includes/abbreviations.de.txt index 6913e0cb..83e628ff 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.de.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.de.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debugging Brücke *[AOSP]: Android Open-Source Projekt *[ATA]: AT Attachment (Standard für die parallele Verbindung von Laufwerken) -*[attack surface]: Die Gesamtzahl der möglichen Einstiegspunkte für einen unbefugten Zugriff auf ein System +*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups. Ein Bestandteil des Linux-Kernels, welcher Resourcennutzung isoliert und begrenzt. *[CLI]: Kommandozeilen-Schnittstelle *[CSV]: Kommagetrennte Werte *[CVE]: Häufige Schwachstellen und Gefährdungen -*[dark pattern]: Ein trügerisches Designmuster, das einen Benutzer dazu verleiten soll, etwas zu tun -*[digitaler Nachlass]: Funktionen, die es ermöglichen nach dem eigenen Tod anderen Menschen Zugang zu Daten zu gewähren +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domänennamensystem-Sicherheitserweiterungen *[DNS]: Domänennamensystem *[DoH]: DNS über HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS über QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS über HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS über TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifiziert und blockiert Pakete mit bestimmter Nutzlast +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Ende-zu-Ende-Verschlüsselung/Verschlüsselt *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnetz *[EWR]: Europäischer Wirtschaftsraum -*[Entropie]: Ein Maß dafür, wie unvorhersehbar etwas ist +*[Entropie]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Ende des Produktlebens- oder Support-Zyklus. Gemeint ist häufig das Ende der Unterstützung mit Sicherheitsupdates. *[Exif]: Austauschbares Bilddateiformat *[FCM]: Firebase-Cloud-Nachrichtendienst *[FDE]: vollständige Festplattenverschlüsselung *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy (vorwärts gerichtete Geheimhaltung) -*[fork]: Ein neues Softwareprojekt, das durch Kopieren eines bestehenden Projekts und das unabhängige Hinzufügen erstellt wird +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[DSGVO]: Datenschutzverordnung *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP-Implementierung) *[GPS]: Globales Positionsbestimmungssystem *[GUI]: Grafische Benutzeroberfläche *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP-Implementierung) *[HDD]: Festplattenlaufwerk -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) basiertes Einmal-Passwort +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: sicheres Hypertext-Übertragungsprotokoll *[HTTP]: Hypertext-Übertragungsprotokoll -*[Hypervisor]: Computer Software, -Firmware oder -Hardware welche die Ressourcen eines CPUs auf mehrere Betriebssysteme aufteilt +*[Hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrierter Schaltkreiskarten-Identifikator *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internetdienstanbieter *[JNI]: Native Java-Schnittstelle *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (Sprach-KI-Modelle wie ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Anwendungsschutz *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Faktor-Authentifizierung -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Übersetzung von Netzwerkadressen -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protokoll +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Netzwerk-Zeitprotokoll *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Betriebssystem *[OTP]: Einmalpasswort *[OTPs]: Einmalpasswörter @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (siehe OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personenbezogene Daten *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates, die häufig und nicht nur in bestimmten Abständen veröffentlicht werden +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.el.txt b/includes/abbreviations.el.txt index 75f04859..f21d64ed 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.el.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.el.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge (ελληνιστί: Γέφυρα Αποσφαλμάτωσης Android) *[AOSP]: Έργο Ανοιχτού Κώδικα Android *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[επιφάνεια επίθεσης]: Ο συνολικός αριθμός πιθανών σημείων εισόδου μη-εξουσιοδοτημένης πρόσβασης σε ένα σύστημα (αγγλικά: attack surface) +*[επιφάνεια επίθεσης]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot (ελληνιστί: Επαληθευμένη Εκκίνηση Android) *[cgroups]: Ομάδες Ελέγχου *[CLI]: Διεπαφή Γραμμής Εντολών (αγγλικά: Command-Line Interface) *[CSV]: Τιμές Διαχωρισμένες με Κόμμα *[CVE]: Κοινές Ευπάθειες και Εκθέσεις -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[λειτουργία ψηφιακής κληροδοσίας]: Η Ψηφιακή Κληροδοσία (αγγλικά: Digital Legacy) αναφέρεται στη δυνατότητα να δώσεις σε άλλα άτομα πρόσβαση στα δεδομένα σου όταν πεθάνεις +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Σύστημα Ονομάτων Τομέων – Επεκτάσεις Ασφάλειας *[DNS]: Σύστημα Ονομάτων Τομέων *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Κρυπτογράφηση/-μένο από Άκρο-σε-Άκρο *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet (Υποδίκτυο Πελάτη EDNS) *[EEA]: ΕΟΧ: Ευρωπαϊκός Οικονομικός Χώρος -*[εντροπία]: Μέτρηση του πόσο απρόβλεπτο είναι κάτι +*[εντροπία]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Τέλος Κύκλου Ζωής (αγγλικά: End-of-Life) *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Κρυπτογράφηση Πλήρους Δίσκου (αγγλικά: Full Disk Encryption) *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Εμπρόσθια Μυστικότητα (αγγλικά: Forward Secrecy) -*[φορκάρισμα]: Γνωστό και ως παρακλάδι στον επίσημο λόγο, το φορκάρισμα (ή φόρκα) αναφέρεται σε νέο έργο λογισμικού που προκύπτει από την αντιγραφή ενός υπάρχοντος έργου και που μετέπειτα αναπτύσσεται ανεξάρτητα (αγγλικά: fork) +*[φορκάρισμα]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: ΓΚΠΔ: Γενικός Κανονισμός για την Προστασία Δεδομένων *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (υλοποίηση του PGP) *[GPS]: Παγκόσμιο Σύστημα Θεσιθεσίας *[GUI]: Γραφικό Περιβάλλον *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (υλοποίηση του PGP) *[HDD]: Σκληρός Δίσκος Μαγνητικής Περιστροφής -*[HOTP]: Κωδικός Μιας-Χρήσης βάσει HMAC +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (ελληνιστί: Ασφαλές Πρωτόκολλο Μεταφοράς Υπερκειμένου) *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol (ελληνιστί: Πρωτόκολλο Μεταφοράς Υπερκειμένου) -*[υπερβλέπων]: Λογισμικό, υλικολογισμικό ή υλισμικό που κατανέμει τους πόρους ενός επεξεργαστή μεταξύ πολλών λειτουργικών συστημάτων (αγγλικά: hypervisor) +*[υπερβλέπων]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier (ελληνιστί: Ταυτοποιητικό Κάρτας Ολοκληρωμένου Κυκλώματος) *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: Διεθνής Ταυτότητα Κινητού Εξοπλισμού @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Πάροχοι Υπηρεσιών Διαδικτύου *[JNI]: Java Native Interface (ελληνιστί: Εγγενής Διεπαφή Java) *[KYC]: Μέτρα Δέουσας Επιμέλειας (νομικός όρος) ή "Συστηθείτε" (μαρκετίστικος όρος) -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Ενοποιημένο Στήσιμο Κλειδιού Linux (Κρυπτογράφηση Πλήρους Δίσκου) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Έλεγχος Προσπέλασης Μέσου (αγγλικά: Medium Access Control) *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Ταυτοποιητικό Κινητού Εξοπλισμού *[MFA]: Αυθεντικοποίηση Πολλών Παραγόντων -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Μετάφραση Διεύθυνσης Δικτύου (αγγλικά: Network Address Translation) -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Πρωτόκολλο Δικτυακού Χρόνου *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol (ελληνιστί: Πρωτόκολλο Διαδικτυακού Πιστοποιητικού Κατάστασης) *[OEM]: Παραγωγός Πρωτότυπου Εξοπλισμού *[OEMs]: Παραγωγοί Πρωτότυπου Εξοπλισμού -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[ΛΣ]: Λειτουργικό Σύστημα *[OTP]: Κωδικός Μιας-Χρήσης *[OTPs]: Κωδικοί Μιας-Χρήσης @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Ομότιμο *[PAM]: Pluggable Authentication Modules (υποσύστημα του Linux) *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (βλέπε OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Προσωπικές Ταυτοποιήσιμες Πληροφορίες (αγγλικά: Personally Identifiable Information) *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[κυλιόμενη κυκλοφορία]: Άμεσες ενημερώσεις χωρίς προκαθορισμένο χρονοδιάγραμμα κυκλοφορίας (αγγλικά: rolling release) +*[κυλιόμενη κυκλοφορία]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Μονάδα Ταυτότητας Συνδρομής @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication (ελληνιστί: Ένδειξη Ονόματος Διακομιστή) *[SSD]: Σκληρός Δίσκος Στερεάς Κατάστασης *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Λογισμικό ως Υπηρεσία ("Λογισμικό Νέφους") *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Ενιαία Σύνδεση (αγγλικά: Single Sign-On) -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol (ελληνιστί: Πρωτόκολλο Ελέγχου Μεταφοράς) *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment (ελληνιστί: Εμπιστευμένο Περιβάλλον Εκτέλεσης) *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security (ελληνιστί: Ασφάλεια Επιπέδου Μεταφοράς) @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Προοδευτική Διαδικτυακή Εφαρμογή (αγγλικά: Progressive Web App) +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.eo.txt b/includes/abbreviations.eo.txt index 4d2f9ada..d8a21651 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.eo.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.eo.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system +*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: Command Line Interface *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digital Legacy refers to features that allow you to give other people access to your data when you die +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: End-of-Life *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: One-Time Password *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.es.txt b/includes/abbreviations.es.txt index de8ee22c..4c858485 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.es.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.es.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Puente de Depura de Android *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Adjunto de Tecnología Avanzada -*[superficie de ataque]: La cantidad total de posibles puntos de entrada para acceso no autorizado a un sistema +*[superficie de ataque]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Inicio Verificado de Android *[cgroups]: Grupos de Control *[CLI]: Interfaz de Línea de Comando *[CSV]: Valores Separados por Coma *[CVE]: Vulnerabilidades y Exposiciones Comunes -*[patrón oscuro]: Un patrón de diseño engañoso destinado a engañar a un usuario para que haga cosas -*[función de legado digital]: Legado Digital se refiere a funciones que te permiten darle a otras personas acceso a tus datos cuando fallezcas +*[patrón oscuro]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Extensiones de Seguridad del Sistema de Nombres de Dominio *[DNS]: Sistema de Nombre de Dominio *[DoH]: DNS sobre HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS sobre QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS sobre HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS sobre TLS -*[DPI]: La inspección profunda de paquetes identifica y bloquea los paquetes con cargas útiles específicas +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Cifrado/Encriptación de Extremo a Extremo *[ECS]: Subred de Cliente EDNS *[EEA]: Espacio Económico Europeo -*[entropy]: Una medición de qué tan impredecible puede ser algo +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Fin de Vida *[Exif]: Formato de archivo de imagen intercambiable *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Encriptación de Disco Completo *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Secreto Hacia Adelante -*[fork]: Un nuevo proyecto de software creado copiando un proyecto existente y añadiéndole elementos de forma independiente +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: Reglamento General de Protección de Datos *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementación de PGP) *[GPS]: Sistema de Posicionamiento Global *[GUI]: Interfaz Gráfica de Usuario *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementación de PGP) *[HDD]: Unidad de Disco Duro -*[HOTP]: HMAC (código de autenticación de mensajes basado en hash) basado en contraseña de un solo uso +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Protocolo de Transferencia de Hipertexto Seguro *[HTTP]: Protocolo de Transferencia de Hipertexto -*[hypervisor]: Software, firmware o hardware informático que reparte los recursos de una CPU entre varios sistemas operativos +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Identificador de Tarjeta de Circuito Integrado *[IMAP]: Protocolo de Acceso a Mensajes de Internet *[IMEI]: Identidad Internacional de Equipos Móviles @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Proveedores de Servicio de Internet *[JNI]: Interfaz nativa de Java *[KYC]: Conoce a Tu Cliente -*[LLaVA]: Asistente de Visión y Lenguaje de Gran Tamaño (modelo de IA multimodal) -*[LLMs]: Grandes Modelos Lingüísticos (modelos de IA como ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Configuración de clave unificada Linux (cifrado de disco completo) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Control de Acceso a los Medios *[MDAG]: Protección de aplicaciones de Microsoft Defender *[MEID]: Identificador de Equipo Móvil *[MFA]: Autenticación de Múltiples Factores -*[NVMe]: Memoria No Volátil Express -*[NAT]: Traducción de direcciones de red -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Protocolo de Asignación de Puertos +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Protocolo de Tiempo de Red *[OCI]: Iniciativa de Contenedor Abierto *[OCSP]: Protocolo del Estado del Certificado de Línea *[OEM]: Fabricante Original de Equipo *[OEMs]: Fabricantes Originales de Equipos -*[open-weights]: Un modelo open-weight es un modelo de IA que cualquiera puede descargar y utilizar, pero cuyos datos de entrenamiento y/o algoritmos subyacentes son propiedad de la empresa. *[OS]: Sistema Operativo *[OTP]: Contraseña de Un Solo Uso *[OTPs]: Contraseña de Un Solo Uso @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Módulos de Autenticación Conectables a Linux *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Información Personalmente Identificable *[QNAME]: Nombre Cualificado -*[QUIC]: Un protocolo de red basado en UDP, pero que pretende combinar la velocidad de UDP con la fiabilidad de TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[límites de tarifa]: Los límites de tarifa son restricciones que un servicio impone al número de veces que un usuario puede acceder a sus servicios en un periodo de tiempo determinado. -*[liberación progresiva]: Actualizaciones que se publican frecuentemente en lugar de intervalos establecidos +*[liberación progresiva]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Sindicación Realmente Sencilla *[SELinux]: Linux con Seguridad Mejorada *[SIM]: Módulo de Identidad del Suscriptor @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Indicación del Nombre de Servidor *[SSD]: Unidad de Disco Duro de Estado Sólido *[SSH]: Shell Seguro -*[SUID]: Establecer ID de usuario propietario +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software como servicio (software en la nube) *[SoC]: Sistema en chip -*[SSO]: Inicio de sesión único -*[prompt del sistema]: El prompt del sistema de un chat de IA son las instrucciones generales dadas por un humano para guiar cómo debe funcionar. -*[temperatura]: La temperatura de la IA es un parámetro utilizado en los modelos de IA para controlar el nivel de aleatoriedad y creatividad del texto generado. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Protocolo de Control de Transmisión *[TEE]: Entorno de Ejecución de Confianza *[TLS]: Seguridad de la Capa de Transporte @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: Consorcio World Wide Web *[XMPP]: Protocolo Extensible de Mensajería y Presencia *[PWA]: Aplicación Web Progresiva +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.fa.txt b/includes/abbreviations.fa.txt index f4b53dfd..6dd3f9e1 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.fa.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.fa.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: پروژه متن باز اندروید *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system +*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: رابط خط فرمان *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digital Legacy refers to features that allow you to give other people access to your data when you die +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS بر روی HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS بر روی QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS بر روی HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS بر روی TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: رمزگذاری پایان به پایان *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: پایان عمر *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: رابط کاربری گرافیکی *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[HDD]: هارد دیسک -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: One-Time Password *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.fr.txt b/includes/abbreviations.fr.txt index a610c37d..0c0c4b60 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.fr.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.fr.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Pont de débogage Android *[AOSP]: Projet Android Open Source *[ATA]: Attachement de technologie avancée -*[surface d'attaque]: Le nombre total de points d'entrée possibles pour un accès non autorisé à un système +*[surface d'attaque]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Démarrage Vérifié d'Android *[cgroups]: Groupes de contrôle *[CLI]: Interface de ligne de commande *[CSV]: Valeurs séparées par des virgules *[CVE]: Vulnérabilités et expositions courantes -*[interface truquée] : Un modèle de conception trompeur destiné à inciter l'utilisateur à faire certaines choses -*[fonctionnalité d'héritage numérique]: L'héritage numérique désigne les fonctions qui vous permettent de donner à d'autres personnes l'accès à vos données après votre décès +*[interface truquée] : A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Extensions de sécurité du système de nom de domaine *[DNS]: Système de nom de domaine *[DoH]: DNS sur HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS sur QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS sur HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS sur TLS -*[DPI]: L'inspection approfondie des paquets (Deep Packet Inspection) identifie et bloque les paquets contenant des charges utiles spécifiques +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Chiffrement/Chiffré(e)s de bout en bout *[ECS]: Sous-réseau du client EDNS *[EEA]: Espace économique européen -*[entropy]: Une mesure du degré d'imprévisibilité d'une chose +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Fin de vie *[Exif]: Format de fichier image échangeable *[FCM]: Messagerie Cloud Firebase *[FDE]: Chiffrement complet du disque *[FIDO]: Identité rapide en ligne *[CP]: Confidentialité persistante -*[fork]: Un nouveau projet de logiciel créé en copiant un projet existant et en le complétant de manière indépendante +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[RGPD]: Règlement Général sur la Protection des Données *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implémentation de PGP) *[GPS]: Système de positionnement global *[GUI]: Interface utilisateur graphique *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implémentation de PGP) *[HDD]: Disque dur -*[HOTP]: HMAC (code d'authentification de message basé sur le hachage) basé sur un mot de passe à usage unique +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Protocole de transfert hypertexte sécurisé *[HTTP]: Protocole de transfert hypertexte -*[superviseur]: Logiciel, micrologiciel ou matériel informatique qui répartit les ressources d'une unité centrale entre plusieurs systèmes d'exploitation +*[superviseur]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Identificateur de carte à circuit intégré *[IMAP]: Protocole d'accès aux messages internet *[IMEI]: Identité internationale des équipements mobiles @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[FAIs]: Fournisseurs d'accès internet *[JNI]: Interface native Java *[KYC]: Connaissance du client -*[LLaVA]: Grand assistant linguistique et visuel (modèle d'IA multimodale) -*[LLMs]: Grands modèles de langage (modèles d'IA tels que ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Configuration de la clé unifiée Linux (chiffrement complet du disque) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Contrôle d'accès aux médias *[MDAG]: Protection des applications Microsoft Defender *[MEID]: Identificateur d'équipement mobile *[MFA]: Authentification multi-facteurs -*[NVMe]: Mémoire express non volatile -*[NAT]: Traduction d'adresse réseau -*[NAT-PMP]: Protocole de mappage des ports NAT +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Protocole de temps réseau *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Protocole d'état des certificats en ligne *[OEM]: Fabricant d'équipement d'origine *[OEMs]: Fabricants d'équipement d'origine -*[open-weights]: Un modèle de poids ouvert est un modèle IA que n'importe qui peut télécharger et utiliser, mais pour lequel les données de formation et/ou les algorithmes sous-jacents sont propriétaires. *[OS]: Système d'exploitation *[OTP]: Mot de passe à usage unique *[OTPs]: Mots de passe à usage unique @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Pair à pair *[PAM]: Modules d'authentification enfichables de Linux *[POP3]: Protocole de bureau de poste 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (voir OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[DCP]: Donnée à charactère personnel *[QNAME]: Nom qualifié -*[QUIC]: Un protocole réseau basé sur UDP, mais visant à combiner la vitesse d'UDP avec la fiabilité de TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[limites de débit]: Les limites tarifaires sont des restrictions qu'un service impose sur le nombre de fois qu'un utilisateur peut accéder à ses services dans un délai donné. -*[publication continue]: Mises à jour qui sont publiées fréquemment plutôt qu'à intervalles réguliers +*[publication continue]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Syndication vraiment simple *[SELinux]: Sécurité renforcée de Linux *[SIM]: Module d'identité d'abonné @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Indication du nom du serveur *[SSD]: Disque d'état solide *[SSH]: Shell sécurisé -*[SUID]: Identifiant utilisateur du propriétaire défini +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Logiciel en tant que service (logiciel cloud) *[SoC]: Système sur puce -*[SSO]: Authentification unique -*[prompt système]: Le prompt système d'un chatbot correspond aux instructions générales données par un humain pour guider son fonctionnement. -*[température]: La température de l'IA est un paramètre utilisé dans les modèles d'IA pour contrôler le niveau d'aléatoire et de créativité dans le texte généré. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Protocole de contrôle de transmission *[TEE]: Environnement d'exécution de confiance *[TLS]: Sécurité de la couche transport @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: Consortium World Wide Web *[XMPP]: Protocole extensible de messagerie et de présence *[PWA]: Application web progressive +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.he.txt b/includes/abbreviations.he.txt index bcba07a0..6c7b2409 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.he.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.he.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: פרויקט קוד פתוח של אנדרואיד *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[משטח התקפה]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system +*[משטח התקפה]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: אתחול מאומת של אנדרואיד *[cgroups]: קבוצות בקרה *[CLI]: ממשק שורת הפקודה *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: פגיעויות וחשיפות נפוצות -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[תכונה דיגיטלית מדור קודם]: Digital Legacy refers to features that allow you to give other people access to your data when you die +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: תוספי אבטחה של מערכת שמות דומיין *[DNS]: מערכת שמות מתחם *[DoH]: DNS דרך HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: הצפנה מקצה לקצה/מוצפנת *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: סוף החיים *[Exif]: פורמט קובץ תמונה ניתן להחלפה *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: הצפנת דיסק מלאה *[FIDO]: זיהוי מהיר באינטרנט *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: פרויקט תוכנה חדש שנוצר על ידי העתקת פרויקט קיים והוספה אליו באופן עצמאי +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: תקנת הגנת מידע כללית *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (יישום PGP) *[GPS]: מערכת מיקום גלובלית *[GUI]: ממשק משתמש גרפי *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (יישום PGP) *[HDD]: כונן קשיח -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: זהות ציוד סלולרי בינלאומי @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: ספקי שירותי אינטרנט *[JNI]: ממשק מקורי של Java *[KYC]: הכר את הלקוח שלך -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: מזהה ציוד נייד *[MFA]: אימות מרובה גורמים -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: תרגום כתובת רשת -*[NAT-PMP]: פרוטוקול מיפוי יציאות NAT +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: פרוטוקול זמן רשת *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: מערכת הפעלה *[OTP]: סיסמה חד - פעמית *[OTPs]: סיסמאות חד פעמיות @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: עמית-לעמית *[PAM]: מודולי אימות ניתנים לחיבור של לינוקס *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: סינדיקציה ממש פשוטה *[SELinux]: לינוקס משופרת באבטחה *[SIM]: מודול זהות מנוי @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: ציון שם השרת *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: מעטפת מאובטחת -*[SUID]: הגדר את מזהה המשתמש של הבעלים +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: מערכת על שבב -*[SSO]: כניסה יחידה -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: אבטחת שכבת תעבורה @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: קונסורציום האינטרנט העולמי *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.hi.txt b/includes/abbreviations.hi.txt index 4d2f9ada..d8a21651 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.hi.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.hi.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system +*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: Command Line Interface *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digital Legacy refers to features that allow you to give other people access to your data when you die +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: End-of-Life *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: One-Time Password *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.hu.txt b/includes/abbreviations.hu.txt index f3f51511..e70b3338 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.hu.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.hu.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project - Android Nyílt Forráskódú Projekt *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[támadási felület]: Egy rendszerbe való illetéktelen hozzáférés lehetséges belépési pontjainak száma +*[támadási felület]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: Command Line Interface - Parancssor Interface *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digitális örökség funkció]: A digitális hagyaték olyan funkciókra utal, amelyek lehetővé teszik, hogy halál esetén más személyek is hozzáférhessenek az adataidhoz +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions - Domain Név Rendszer Biztonsági Kiterjesztések *[DNS]: Domain Name System - Domain Név Rendszer *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[End-to-End]: Végponttól végpontig terjedő titkosítás *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area - Európai Gazdasági Övezet -*[entrópia]: Annak vizsgálata, hogy valami mennyire kiszámíthatatlan +*[entrópia]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: End-of-Life - Valami életciklusának a vége *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption - Teljes Lemez Titkosítás *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy – előre titkosítás -*[fork]: Egy meglévő projekt másolásával és független hozzájárulással létrehozott új szoftverprojekt +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation - Általános Adatvédelmi Rendelet *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementáció) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System - Globális Helymeghatározó Rendszer *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface - Grafikus Felhasználói Felület *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementáció) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) alapú One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Számítógépes szoftver, firmware vagy hardver, amely a CPU erőforrásait több operációs rendszer között osztja fel +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol - Internet Üzenet-Hozzáférési Protokoll *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers - Internet Szolgáltatók *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Teljes Lemez Titkosítás) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier - Mobil Berendezés Azonosító *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication - Többlépcsős Hitelesítés -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation – Hálózati címfordítás -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol – Porttovábbítási protokoll +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol - Hálózati Idő Protokoll *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol - Online Tanúsítvány Státusz Protokoll *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System - Operációs Rendszer *[OTP]: One-Time Password - Egyszer Használható Jelszó *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords - Egyszer Használható Jelszavak @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (lásd OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information - Személyazonosításra Alkalmas Információ *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Gyakran és nem meghatározott időközönként kiadott frissítések +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (felhőszoftver) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on - Egyszeri Bejelentkezés -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App - Progresszív Webes Alkalmazás +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.id.txt b/includes/abbreviations.id.txt index d2aff083..16bff7fd 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.id.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.id.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[attack surface]: Jumlah total titik masuk yang memungkinkan akses tanpa izin ke dalam sistem +*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Kelompok Kontrol *[CLI]: Antarmuka Baris Perintah *[CSV]: Nilai yang Dipisahkan dengan Koma *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[pola gelap]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digital Legacy mengacu pada fitur yang memungkinkan Anda untuk memberikan akses data kepada orang lain ketika Anda meninggal dunia +*[pola gelap]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS melalui QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS melalui HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS melalui TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Enkripsi Ujung ke Ujung/Terenkripsi *[ECS]: Subnet Klien EDNS *[EEA]: Wilayah Ekonomi Eropa -*[entropi]: Sebuah pengukuran tentang bagaimana sesuatu yang tidak dapat diprediksi +*[entropi]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Akhir Masa Pakai *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online (Identitas Daring Cepat) *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: Proyek perangkat lunak baru yang dibuat dengan menyalin proyek yang sudah ada dan menambahkannya secara mandiri +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: Peraturan Perlindungan Data Umum (Uni Eropa) *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementasi PGP) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementasi PGP) *[HDD]: Penyimpanan Hard Disk -*[HOTP]: Hash-based Message Authentication Code (kode autentikasi pesan berbasis hash) +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Protokol Transfer Hiperteks -*[hypervisor]: Perangkat lunak, firmware, atau perangkat keras komputer yang membagi sumber daya CPU di antara beberapa sistem operasi +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: Identitas Peralatan Seluler Internasional @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Penyedia Layanan Internet *[JNI]: Antarmuka Asli Java *[KYC]: Kenali Pelanggan Anda -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Pengaturan Kunci Terpadu Linux (Enkripsi Diska Penuh) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Kontrol Akses Media *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Pengidentifikasi Peralatan Seluler *[MFA]: Autentikasi Multifaktor -*[NVMe]: Memori Ekspres yang Tidak Mudah Menguap -*[NAT]: Penerjemahan alamat jaringan -*[NAT-PMP]: Protokol Pemetaan Port NAT +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Protokol Waktu Jaringan *[OCI]: Inisiatif Kontainer Terbuka *[OCSP]: Protokol Status Sertifikat Daring *[OEM]: Produsen Peralatan Asli *[OEMs]: Produsen Peralatan Asli -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Sistem Operasi *[OTP]: Kata Sandi Sekali Pakai *[OTPs]: Kata Sandi Sekali Pakai @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Modul Otentikasi Linux yang Dapat Dicolokkan *[POP3]: Protokol Kantor Pos 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (lihat OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Informasi Identifikasi Pribadi *[QNAME]: Nama yang Memenuhi Syarat -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rilis bergulir]: Pembaruan yang sering dirilis daripada interval yang ditetapkan +*[rilis bergulir]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Linux yang Ditingkatkan Keamanannya *[SIM]: Modul Identitas Pelanggan @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Indikasi Nama Server *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Penetapan ID Pengguna Pemilik +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Perangkat lunak sebagai layanan (perangkat lunak awan) *[SoC]: Sistem pada Chip -*[SSO]: Sistem masuk tunggal -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Protokol Kontrol Transmisi *[TEE]: Lingkungan Eksekusi Terpercaya *[TLS]: Keamanan Lapisan Transportasi @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: Konsorsium Waring Wera Wanua *[XMPP]: Protokol Perpesanan dan Kehadiran yang Dapat Diperluas *[PWA]: Aplikasi Web Progresif +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.it.txt b/includes/abbreviations.it.txt index 8192a725..f33fa45a 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.it.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.it.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Allegato tecnologico avanzato -*[superficie di attacco]: Il numero totale di possibili punti d'ingresso per l'accesso non autorizzato a un sistema +*[superficie di attacco]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Gruppo di Controllo *[CLI]: Interfaccia a linea di comando *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[funzione di eredità digitale]: Digital Legacy si riferisce a funzioni che consentono di dare ad altre persone l'accesso ai propri dati quando si muore +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Crittografia/Crittografato end-to-end *[ECS]: Sottorete client EDNS *[EEA]: Spazio economico europeo -*[entropy]: Una misura dell'imprevedibilità di qualcosa +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Fine del Supporto *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Crittografia Completa del Disco *[FIDO]: Fast Identity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: Un nuovo progetto basato su un altro progetto già esistente con l'aggiunta di elementi indipendenti +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: Regolamento generale per la protezione dei dati personali *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementazione PGP) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Interfaccia grafica utente *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementazione PGP) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) basato su One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Software, firmware o hardware per computer che suddivide le risorse di una CPU tra più sistemi operativi +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Fornitori di servizi Internet *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Conosci Il Tuo Cliente -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Crittografia dell'intero disco) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Autenticazione a più fattori -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Traduzione degli indirizzi di rete -*[NAT-PMP]: Protocollo di mappatura delle porte NAT +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Produttore di apparecchiature originali *[OEMs]: Produttori di apparecchiature originali -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Sistema Operativo *[OTP]: Password monouso *[OTPs]: Password monouso @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (vedi OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Aggiornamenti che vengono rilasciati frequentemente anziché a intervalli prestabiliti +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (software cloud) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.ja.txt b/includes/abbreviations.ja.txt index 36c03d40..110cd52c 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.ja.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.ja.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android オープンソース プロジェクト(Android Open Source Project) *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[攻撃対象領域]: システムへ不正にアクセスできる可能性のある侵入口の総数。 +*[攻撃対象領域]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: 確認付きブート(Android Verified Boot) *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: コマンドライン インターフェース *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[デジタルレガシー機能]: あなたが亡くなったときに、他の人にあなたのデータへのアクセスを許可する機能。 +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: ドメインネームシステム *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: エンドツーエンド暗号化(End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted) *[ECS]: EDNSクライアントサブネット(EDNS Client Subnet) *[EEA]: 欧州経済領域 -*[entropy]: 予測不可能性の尺度 +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: サポート終了(End-of-Life) *[Exif]: 交換可能な画像ファイル形式(Exchangeable image file format) *[FCM]: Firebaseクラウドメッセージング *[FDE]: フルディスク暗号化(Full Disk Encryption) *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: 前方秘匿性(Forward Secrecy) -*[fork]: 既存のプロジェクトをコピーし、追加することにより独立したものとして作成される新しいソフトウェアプロジェクト。 +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: EU一般データ保護規則(General Data Protection Regulation) *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard(PGPの実装) *[GPS]: 全地球測位システム(Global Positioning System) *[GUI]: グラフィカルユーザーインターフェース *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard(PGPの実装) *[HDD]: ハードディスクドライブ -*[HOTP]: HMAC(ハッシュベースのメッセージ認証コード)ベースのワンタイムパスワード +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: ハイパーテキスト転送プロトコル(Hypertext Transfer Protocol) -*[hypervisor]: CPUのリソースを複数のオペレーティングシステムに分割するコンピュータソフトウェア、ファームウェア、またはハードウェア +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol(インターネットメッセージアクセスプロトコル) *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: インターネットサービスプロバイダー(Internet Service Providers) *[JNI]: Javaネイティブインターフェース *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: メディア・アクセス・コントロール *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: 多要素認証(Multi-Factor Authentication) -*[NVMe]: 不揮発性メモリーエクスプレス(Nonvolatile Memory Express) -*[NAT]: ネットワークアドレス変換(Network address translation) -*[NAT-PMP]: NATポートマッピングプロトコル +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: ネットワークタイムプロトコル *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: オンライン証明書ステータスプロトコル(Online Certificate Status Protocol) *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: オペレーティングシステム(Operating System) *[OTP]: ワンタイムパスワード *[OTPs]: ワンタイムパスワード @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: ピアツーピア *[PAM]: Linuxプラグイン式認証モジュール *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3(電子メール受信用プロトコル) -*[PGP]: プリティグッドプライバシー(OpenPGPを参照) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: 個人を特定できる情報(Personally Identifiable Information) *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[ローリング・リリース]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[ローリング・リリース]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: 加入者識別モジュール @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: ソリッドステートドライブ *[SSH]: セキュアシェル(Secure Shell) -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: サービスとしてのソフトウェア(クラウドソフトウェア、Software as a Service) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: シングルサインオン(Single sign-on) -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: トランスミッション・コントロール・プロトコル(Transmission Control Protocol) *[TEE]: 信頼された実行環境(Trusted Execution Environment) *[TLS]: トランスポートレイヤーセキュリティー(Transport Layer Security) @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: ワールド・ワイド・ウェブ・コンソーシアム(World Wide Web Consortium) *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: プログレッシブウェブアプリ(Progressive Web App) +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.ko.txt b/includes/abbreviations.ko.txt index 0ee3b456..5cdd8b61 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.ko.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.ko.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android 디버그 브리지 *[AOSP]: Android 오픈소스 프로젝트 *[ATA]: 고급 기술 결합(Advanced Technology Attachment) -*[공격 표면]: 시스템에 무단으로 진입할 수 있는 총 경로의 수 +*[공격 표면]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android 자체 검사 부팅 *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: 명령어 인터페이스 *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: 공통 보안 취약점 및 노출(Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[디지털 유산 상속 기능]: 디지털 유산(Digital Legacy) 상속 기능은 사용자가 사망했을 때 사망자의 데이터에 접근 가능한 사람을 지정할 수 있는 기능을 말합니다. +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: DNS Security Extensions *[DNS]: 도메인 네임 시스템 *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: 종단 간 암호화(End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted) *[ECS]: EDNS 클라이언트 서브넷 *[EEA]: 유럽 경제 지역 -*[엔트로피]: 예측하기 어려운 정도를 표현하는 척도 +*[엔트로피]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: 지원 종료 (End-of-Life) *[Exif]: 교환 이미지 파일 형식(Exchangeable image file format) *[FCM]: Firebase 클라우드 메시징 *[FDE]: 전체 디스크 암호화 *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: 순방향 비밀성 -*[포크]: 기존 프로젝트를 복사한 뒤 독립적으로 개발하여 만들어진 새로운 소프트웨어 프로젝트 +*[포크]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: 유럽 연합 일반 데이터 보호 규칙(General Data Protection Regulation) *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP 구현체) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: 그래픽 사용자 인터페이스 *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP 구현체) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (해시 기반 메세지 인증 코드) 기반 일회용 비밀번호 +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: 하이퍼텍스트 보안 전송 프로토콜 *[HTTP]: 하이퍼텍스트 전송 프로토콜 -*[하이퍼바이저]: CPU 자원을 여러 운영 체제 사이에 분배하는 컴퓨터 소프트웨어, 펌웨어, 하드웨어 +*[하이퍼바이저]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: 인터넷 메시지 접속 프로토콜(Internet Message Access Protocol) *[IMEI]: 국제 이동 단말기 식별 번호(International Mobile Equipment Identity) @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: 인터넷 서비스 제공자 (Internet service providers) *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: 고객 확인 제도 -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: 이동 장비 식별 번호(Mobile Equipment Identifier) *[MFA]: 다중 인증 -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: 네트워크 주소 변환 -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT 포트 매핑 프로토콜 +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: 네트워크 타임 프로토콜(Network Time Protocol) *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: 온라인 인증서 상태 프로토콜(Online Certificate Status Protocol) *[OEM]: 주문자 상표 부착 생산 *[OEMs]: 주문자 상표 부착 생산 -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: 운영 체제 *[OTP]: 일회용 비밀번호 *[OTPs]: 일회용 비밀번호 @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: 장착형 인증 모듈 *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (OpenPGP 참조) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: 개인 식별 정보(Personally Identifiable Information) *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[롤링 릴리스]: 정해진 주기가 아닌, 빈번히 릴리스되는 업데이트 +*[롤링 릴리스]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: 보안 강화 리눅스(Security-Enhanced Linux) *[SIM]: 가입자 식별 모듈(Subscriber Identity Module) @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: 서버 이름 표시(Server Name Indication) *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: 보안 셸(Secure Shell) -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: 서비스형 소프트웨어 (클라우드 기반 소프트웨어) *[SoC]: System on Chip *[SSO]: Single Sign-On -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. *[TCP]: 전송 제어 프로토콜 *[TEE]: 신뢰 실행 환경(Trusted Execution Environment) *[TLS]: 전송 계층 보안 @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: 프로그레시브 웹 앱 +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.ku-IQ.txt b/includes/abbreviations.ku-IQ.txt index 4d2f9ada..d8a21651 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.ku-IQ.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.ku-IQ.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system +*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: Command Line Interface *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digital Legacy refers to features that allow you to give other people access to your data when you die +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: End-of-Life *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: One-Time Password *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.nl.txt b/includes/abbreviations.nl.txt index c7ea13b7..fd3bb3d7 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.nl.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.nl.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android opensource project *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[aanvalsoppervlakte]: Het totale aantal mogelijke ingangen voor onbevoegde toegang tot een systeem +*[aanvalsoppervlakte]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: Command Line Interface *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: Een misleidend ontwerp bedoeld om een gebruiker dingen te laten doen die zelf niet willen -*[digitale erfenis functie]: Digital Legacy verwijst naar functies waarmee je andere mensen toegang kunt geven tot jouw gegevens wanneer je overlijdt +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: Een meting van hoe onvoorspelbaar iets is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: End-of-Life *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: Een nieuw software project gemaakt door een bestaand project te kopiëren en er zelfstandig iets aan toe te voegen +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) gebaseerd eenmalig wachtwoord +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computersoftware, firmware of hardware die de resources van een CPU verdeelt over meerdere besturingssystemen +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer (ken uw klant) -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multifactor-authenticatie -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: One-Time Password *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (zie OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates die regelmatig worden uitgebracht in plaats van met vaste tussenpozen +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Eenmalige aanmelding -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.pl.txt b/includes/abbreviations.pl.txt index bf9cde3f..50e61773 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.pl.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.pl.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[Możliwości ataku]: Całkowita liczba możliwych punktów wejścia dla nieautoryzowanego dostępu do systemu +*[Możliwości ataku]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Grupa kontrolna *[CLI]: Interfejs wiersza poleceń *[CSV]: Wartości rozdzielone przecinkiem *[CVE]: Typowe podatności i zagrożenia -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[Cyfrowe dziedziczenie]: Cyfrowe dziedzictwo odnosi się do funkcji, które pozwalają dać innym osobom dostęp do danych po śmierci użytkownika +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Rozszerzenie zabezpieczeń dla systemu DNS *[DNS]: System nazw domen *[DoH]: DNS przez HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS przez QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS przez HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS przez TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Kompleksowe szyfrowanie/szyfrowanie *[ECS]: Podsieć klienta EDNS *[EEA]: Europejski Obszar Gospodarczy -*[entropia]: Miara tego, jak bardzo coś jest nieprzewidywalne +*[entropia]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Koniec życia *[Exif]: Wymienny format pliku obrazu *[FCM]: Wiadomości w chmurze Firebase *[FDE]: Pełne szyfrowanie dysku *[FIDO]: Szybka tożsamość online *[FS]: Utajnianie z wyprzedzeniem -*[fork]: Nowy projekt oprogramowania utworzony poprzez skopiowanie istniejącego projektu i dodanie do niego niezależnych elementów +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[RODO]: Ogólne rozporządzenie o ochronie danych *[GPG]: Oprogramowanie kryptograficzne PGP *[GPS]: Globalny system pozycjonowania *[GUI]: Graficzny Interfejs Użytkownika *[GnuPG]: Oprogramowanie kryptograficzne PGP *[HDD]: Dysk twardy -*[HOTP]: Hasło jednorazowe oparte na HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Bezpieczny protokół przesyłania *[HTTP]: Podstawowy protokół przesyłania -*[hypervisor]: Oprogramowanie komputerowe, oprogramowanie układowe lub sprzęt, który dzieli zasoby procesora między wiele systemów operacyjnych +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Identyfikator karty układu scalonego *[IMAP]: Protokół dostępu do wiadomości internetowych *[IMEI]: Indywidualny numer identyfikacyjny telefonu komórkowego @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Dostawcy usług internetowych *[JNI]: Natywny interfejs Java *[KYC]: Poznaj swojego klienta -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (szyfrowanie całego dysku) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Kontrola dostępu *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Identyfikator sprzętu mobilnego *[MFA]: Uwierzytelnianie wieloskładnikowe -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Translacja adresu sieciowego -*[NAT-PMP]: Protokół mapowania portów NAT +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Protokół czasu sieciowego *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Stan certyfikatu online *[OEM]: Producent oryginalnego sprzętu *[OEMs]: Producenci oryginalnego sprzętu -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: System operacyjny *[OTP]: Jednorazowe hasło *[OTPs]: Jednorazowe hasła @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ [P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Moduły uwierzytelniania w systemie Linux *[POP3]: Protokół pocztowy 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (patrz OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Informacje umożliwiające identyfikację osoby *[QNAME]: Nazwa kwalifikowana -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Aktualizacje, które są wydawane często, a nie w ustalonych odstępach czasu +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Linux o zwiększonym bezpieczeństwie *[SIM]: Moduł identyfikacji abonenta @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Wskazanie nazwy serwera *[SSD]: Dysk SSD *[SSH]: Bezpieczna powłoka -*[SUID]: Identyfikator właściciela pliku +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Oprogramowanie jako usługa (oprogramowanie w chmurze) *[SoC]: System na chipie -*[SSO]: Logowanie jednokrotne -*[system prompt]: System prompt czatu AI to ogólne instrukcje przekazywane przez człowieka w celu wskazania, jak powinien on działać. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Protokół sterowania transmisją *[TEE]: Środowisko zaufanego wykonania *[TLS]: Bezpieczeństwo warstwy transportowej @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: Konsorcjum World Wide Web *[XMPP]: Rozszerzalny protokół przesyłania wiadomości i statusu *[PWA]: Progresywna aplikacja internetowa +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.pt-BR.txt b/includes/abbreviations.pt-BR.txt index 889c1ccc..5389c3c2 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.pt-BR.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.pt-BR.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Projeto Open Source Android *[ATA]: Acessório de tecnologia avançada -*[superfície de ataque]: O número total de pontos de entrada possíveis para o acesso não autorizado a um sistema +*[superfície de ataque]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Inicialização Verificada do Android *[cgroups]: Grupos de Controle *[CLI]: Interface de Linha de Comando *[CSV]: Valores Separados por Vírgulas *[CVE]: Vulnerabilidades e Exposições Comuns -: Um padrão de design enganoso que visa induzir o usuário a fazer coisas -Caraterística digital herdada: Legado Digital refere-se a recursos que permitem que você dê a outras pessoas acesso aos seus dados quando você morre +: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Extensões de Segurança do Sistema de Nomes de Domínio *[DNS]: Sistema de Nomes de Domínio *[DoH]: DNS sobre HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS sobre QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS sobre HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS sobre TLS -*[DPI]: A "Deep Packet Inspection" ou em tradução livre: "Inspeção Profunda de Pacotes", identifica e bloqueia pacotes com cargas úteis específicas +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Criptografia/Criptografia ponto-a-ponto *[ECS]: Sub-rede de clientes EDNS *[EEA]: Espaço Econômico Europeu -*[entropy]: Uma medida de quão imprevisível algo é +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Fim da vida útil *[Exif]: Formato de arquivo de imagem intercambiável *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Criptografia total de disco *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Sigilo de encaminhamento -*[fork]: Um novo projeto de software criado copiando um projeto existente e desenvolvendo ele independentemente +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: Regulamento Geral de Proteção de Dados *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementação do PGP) *[GPS]: Sistema de Posicionamento Global *[GUI]: Interface Gráfica do Usuário *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementação do PGP) *[HDD]: Disco Rígido -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Código de Autenticação de Mensagem Baseado em Hash) baseado em Senha Única +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Software de computador, firmware ou hardware que divide os recursos de uma CPU entre vários sistemas operacionais +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Protocolo de Acesso a Mensagens da Internet *[IMEI]: Identificação Internacional de Equipamento Móvel @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ Caraterística digital herdada: Legado Digital refere-se a recursos que permitem *[ISPs]: Provedores de Internet *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Conheça seu cliente -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (modelo de IA multimodal) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (modelos de IA, como o ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Criptografia total de disco) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Controle de Acesso ao Meio *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Autenticação de Múltiplos Fatores -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Tradução de endereços de rede -*[NAT-PMP]: Protocolo de mapeamento de portas NAT +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Protocolo de Tempo Rede *[OCI]: Iniciativa Open Container *[OCSP]: Protocolo de Status de Certificado Online *[OEM]: Fabricante do Equipamento Original *[OEMs]: Fabricantes de Equipamentos Originais -*[pesos-abertos]: Um modelo de pesos abertos é um modelo de IA que qualquer pessoa pode baixar e usar, mas cujos dados de treinamento e/ou algoritmos subjacentes são proprietários. *[OS]: Sistema Operacional *[OTP]: Senha de uso único *[OTPs]: Senhas de uso único @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ Caraterística digital herdada: Legado Digital refere-se a recursos que permitem *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (veja OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Informações Pessoalmente Identificáveis *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: Um protocolo de rede baseado no UDP, mas com o objetivo de combinar a velocidade do UDP com a confiabilidade do TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[limites de taxa]: Limites de taxa são restrições que um serviço impõe ao número de vezes que um usuário pode acessar seus serviços em um período de tempo específico. -*[rolling release]: Atualizações lançadas com frequência em vez de intervalos +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Sindicação bem simples *[SELinux]: Segurança aprimorada do Linux *[SIM]: Módulo de Identidade do Assinante @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ Caraterística digital herdada: Legado Digital refere-se a recursos que permitem *[SNI]: Indicação do Nome do Servidor *[SSD]: Disco de Estado Sólido *[SSH]: Shell Seguro -*[SUID]: Definição do ID do proprietário +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software como um Serviço (software em nuvem) *[SoC]: Sistema em um Chip -*[SSO]: Login único -*[prompt do sistema]: O prompt do sistema de um chat de IA são as instruções gerais dadas por um ser humano para orientar como ele deve operar. -*[temperatura]: A temperatura da IA é um parâmetro usado nos modelos de IA para controlar o nível de aleatoriedade e criatividade no texto gerado. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Protocolo de Controle de Transmissão *[TEE]: Ambiente de Execução Confiável *[TLS]: Segurança da Camada de Transporte @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ Caraterística digital herdada: Legado Digital refere-se a recursos que permitem *[W3C]: Consórcio World Wide Web *[XMPP]: Protocolo de Mensagens e Presença Extensível *[PWA]: Aplicativo Web Progressivo +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.pt.txt b/includes/abbreviations.pt.txt index 9cd2c537..316632be 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.pt.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.pt.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Bridge de depuração Android *[AOSP]: Projeto de código aberto Android *[ATA]: Anexo de tecnologia avançada -*[superfície de ataque]: O número total de possíveis pontos de entrada para acesso não autorizado a um sistema +*[superfície de ataque]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Boot verificado de Android *[cgroups]: Grupo de controle *[CLI]: Interface de Linha de Comando *[CSV]: Valores separados por vírgulas *[CVE]: Vulnerabilidades e exposições comuns -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[funcionalidade digital herdada]: O legado digital refere-se a funcionalidades que lhe permitem dar a outras pessoas acesso aos seus dados quando morre +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Extensões de segurança do sistema de nomes de domínio *[DNS]: Sistema de nomes de domínio *[DoH]: DNS sobre HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS sobre QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS sobre HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS sobre TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Encriptação ponta-a-ponta/Encriptado *[ECS]: Sub-rede do cliente EDNS *[EEA]: Espaço Económico Europeu -*[entropy]: Uma medida do grau de imprevisibilidade de algo +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Expiração *[Exif]: Formato de ficheiro de imagem intercambiável *[FCM]: Mensagens em nuvem do Firebase *[FDE]: Encriptação completa do disco *[FIDO]: Identidade rápida online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: Um novo projeto de software criado através da cópia de um projeto existente e do seu melhoramento feito de forma independente +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: Regulamento Geral de Proteção de Dados (RGPD) *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementação do PGP) *[GPS]: Sistema de Posicionamento Global *[GUI]: Interface gráfica do utilizador *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (implementação do PGP) *[HDD]: Disco rígido -*[HOTP]: Palavra-passe única baseada em HMAC (código de autenticação de mensagens baseado em hash) +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Protocolo de transferência de hipertexto seguro *[HTTP]: Protocolo de transferência de hipertexto -*[hypervisor]: Software, firmware ou hardware de computador que divide os recursos de um CPU por vários sistemas operativos +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Identificador de cartão de circuito integrado *[IMAP]: Protocolo de acesso a mensagens da Internet *[IMEI]: Identidade Internacional de Equipamento Móvel @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers – Fornecedores de Internet *[JNI]: Interface nativa Java *[KYC]: Conheça o seu cliente -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Configuração de chave unificada do Linux (encriptação de disco completo) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Controle de Acesso Mídia *[MDAG]: Proteção de aplicações do Microsoft Defender *[MEID]: Identificador de equipamento móvel *[MFA]: Autenticação multi-fator -*[NVMe]: Memória expressa não volátil -*[NAT]: Tradução do Endereço de Rede (Network Address Translation - NAT) -*[NAT-PMP]: Protocolo de mapeamento de portas NAT +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Protocolo de Tempo de Rede *[OCI]: Iniciativa "Recipientes Abertos" *[OCSP]: Protocolo de Status de Certificados Online *[OEM]: Fabricante de equipamento original *[OEMs]: Fabricantes de equipamento original -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Sistema operativo *[OTP]: Palavra-passe de utilização única *[OTPs]: Palavra-passe de utilização única @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Módulos de autenticação plugáveis Linux *[POP3]: Protocolo de Correio 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (ver OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Informações pessoais identificáveis *[QNAME]: Nome qualificado -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Atualizações que são disponibilizadas frequentemente em vez de a intervalos definidos +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Linux com segurança reforçada *[SIM]: Módulo de identidade do assinante @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Indicação do nome do servidor *[SSD]: Unidade de disco de estado sólido *[SSH]: Shell seguro -*[SUID]: Definir ID do utilizador proprietário +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software como serviço (software em nuvem) *[SoC]: Sistema em chip -*[SSO]: Início de sessão único -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Protocolo de Controlo de Transmissão *[TEE]: Ambiente de execução fiável *[TLS]: Segurança da camada de transporte @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: Consórcio da World Wide Web *[XMPP]: Protocolo Extensível de Mensagens e Presença *[PWA]: Aplicação Web progressiva +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.ru.txt b/includes/abbreviations.ru.txt index 1c602041..ee1e4d2f 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.ru.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.ru.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: (англ. Android Debug Bridge) - Отладочный мост Android *[AOSP]: (англ. Android Open Source Project) - Проект с открытым исходным кодом Android *[ATA]: (англ. Advanced Technology Attachment) - Интерфейс подключения накопителей к компьютеру -*[поверхность атаки]: (англ. attack surface) - Возможные уязвимые места для несанкционированного доступа к системе +*[поверхность атаки]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: (англ. Android Verified Boot) - Проверенная загрузка Android *[cgroups]: (англ. Control Groups) - Контрольные группы *[CLI]: (англ. Command-line interface) - Интерфейс командной строки *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values, формат таблиц *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[тёмный паттерн]: (англ. dark pattern) - Обманчивый шаблон дизайна, предназначенный для того, чтобы обмануть пользователя -*[функция цифрового наследия]: (англ. digital legacy feature) - Цифровое наследие включает в себя функции, которые позволяют передавать доступ к вашим данным другим людям после вашей смерти +*[тёмный паттерн]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: (англ. Domain Name System Security Extensions) - Модули безопасности службы доменных имен *[DNS]: (англ. Domain Name System) - Система доменных имен *[DoH]: DNS через HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS через QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS через HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS через TLS -*[DPI]: (англ. Deep Packet Inspection) - Глубокая проверка пакетов анализирует наполнение пакетов и блокирует их +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: (англ. End-to-End Encryption) - Сквозное шифрование *[ECS]: Подсеть клиента EDNS *[ЕЭЗ]: Европейская экономическая зона -*[энтропия]: Мера неопределенности/непредсказуемости или хаоса в системе +*[энтропия]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: (англ. End-of-Life) - Конец поддержки *[Exif]: (англ. Exchangeable image file format) - Метаданные в фотографиях или видео *[FCM]: (англ. Firebase Cloud Messaging) - Сервис для отправки push-уведомлений и сообщений *[FDE]: (англ. Full Disk Encryption) - Полное шифрование диска *[FIDO]: (англ. Fast IDentity Online) - Стандарт для быстрой и безопасной аутентификации онлайн *[ПС]: Прямая секретность (Forward Secrecy) -*[форк]: Новое программное обеспечение, созданное путем модификации открытого кода существующего проекта +*[форк]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: (англ. General Data Protection Regulation) - Это регламент ЕС, направленный на защиту персональных данных *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (реализация PGP) *[GPS]: Глобальная система позиционирования *[GUI]: Графический пользовательский интерфейс *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (реализация PGP) *[HDD]: Жесткий диск -*[HOTP]: Одноразовый пароль на основе HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Безопасный протокол передачи гипертекста *[HTTP]: Протокол передачи гипертекста -*[гипервизор]: Программное обеспечение, прошивка или оборудование, которое распределяет ресурсы процессора между несколькими операционными системами +*[гипервизор]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Протокол доступа к сообщениям в интернете *[IMEI]: Международная идентификация мобильного оборудования @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Интернет-провайдеры *[JNI]: Нативный интерфейс Java *[KYC]: Знай своего клиента (Know Your Customer) -*[LLaVA]: Большие языковые и зрительные помощники (мультимодальные ИИ модели) -*[LLMs]: (англ. Large Language Models) - Большие языковые модели (например ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Шифрование всего диска Linux (Linux Unified Key Setup) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Управление доступом к среде *[MDAG]: Защита приложений при помощи Microsoft Defender *[MEID]: Идентификатор мобильного оборудования *[MFA]: Многофакторная аутентификация -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Преобразование сетевых адресов (Network address translation) -*[NAT-PMP]: Протокол сопоставления портов NAT (NAT Port Mapping Protocol) +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Сетевой протокол времени *[OCI]: Инициатива, которая создаёт открытые стандарты для контейнеров *[OCSP]: Протокол состояния сетевого сертификата *[OEM]: Оригинальный производитель оборудования *[OEMs]: Оригинальные производители оборудования -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[ОС]: Операционная система *[OTP]: Одноразовый пароль (One-Time Password) *[OTPs]: Одноразовые пароли (One-Time Passwords) @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Подключаемые модули аутентификации Linux *[POP3]: Протокол почтового отделения версии 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (смотри OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[ПД]: Персональные данные *[QNAME]: Квалифицированное имя элемента, атрибута или идентификатора в документе XML -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Ограничения на количество запросов или действий, которые можно выполнить в определенный период времени. -*[rolling release]: Обновления, которые выходят часто, а не через определенные промежутки времени +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Способ распространения лент новостей или изменений в блогах *[SELinux]: Linux с повышенной безопасностью *[SIM]: Модуль идентификации абонента @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Индикация имени сервера *[SSD]: Твердотельный накопитель *[SSH]: Безопасная оболочка -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Программное обеспечение как услуга (облачное программное обеспечение) *[SoC]: Система на кристалле (System on Chip) -*[SSO]: Единый вход -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Протокол управления передачей данных *[TEE]: Доверенная среда исполнения *[TLS]: Протокол защиты транспортного уровня @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: Консорциум всемирной паутины *[XMPP]: Расширяемый протокол обмена сообщениями и информацией о присутствии *[PWA]: (англ. Progressive web app) - Прогрессивное веб-приложение +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.sv.txt b/includes/abbreviations.sv.txt index 0fc5be21..9591f871 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.sv.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.sv.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Felsökning av Android *[AOSP]: Android Open Source-projekt *[ATA]: Avancerad teknikbilaga -*[attackyta]: Det totala antalet möjliga ingångspunkter för obehörig åtkomst till ett system +*[attackyta]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android verifierad uppstart *[cgroups]: Kontrollgrupper *[CLI]: Kommandoradsgränssnitt *[CSV]: Kommaseparerade värden *[CVE]: Vanliga sårbarheter och exponeringar -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[funktion för digitalt arv]: Digitalt arv avser funktioner som gör att du kan ge andra personer tillgång till dina uppgifter när du dör +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Säkerhetstillägg för domännamnssystem *[DNS]: Domännamnssystem *[DoH]: DNS över HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS över QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS över HTTPS *[DoT]: DNS över TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: End-to-End-kryptering/krypterad *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: Europeiska ekonomiska samarbetsområdet -*[entropy]: Ett mått på hur oförutsägbart något är +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Slutet av livslängden *[Exif]: Utbytbart bildfilformat *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Fullständig diskkryptering *[FIDO]: Snabb IDentitet online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: Ett nytt programvaruprojekt som skapas genom att ett befintligt projekt kopieras och kompletteras självständigt +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: Allmän dataskyddsförordning *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP-implementering) *[GPS]: Globalt positioneringssystem *[GUI]: Grafiskt användargränssnitt *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP-implementering) *[HDD]: Hårddisk -*[HOTP]: HMAC-baserat engångslösenord (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Säkert *[HTTP]: Hypertextöverföringsprotokoll -*[hypervisor]: Datorprogramvara, firmware eller hårdvara som delar upp en processors resurser mellan flera operativsystem +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Identifierare för integrerat kretskort *[IMAP]: Protokoll för åtkomst till Internetmeddelanden *[IMEI]: Internationell identitet för mobil utrustning @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internetleverantör *[JNI]: Java inbyggt gränssnitt *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Kryptering) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Medieåtkomstkontroll *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Identifiering av mobil utrustning *[MFA]: Multi-Faktor Autentisering -*[NVMe]: Icke-flyktigt minne Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Nätverkstidsprotokoll *[OCI]: Initiativ för öppna behållare *[OCSP]: Certifikatstatus online *[OEM]: Originalutrustningstillverkare *[OEMs]: Originalutrustningstillverkare -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operativsystem *[OTP]: Engångslösenord *[OTPs]: Engångslösenord @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-To-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable autentiseringsmoduler *[POP3]: Postkontorets protokoll 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (se OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personligt identifierbar information *[QNAME]: Kvalificerat namn -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rullande utgåva]: Uppdateringar som släpps ofta i stället för med fasta intervaller +*[rullande utgåva]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Riktigt enkel syndikering *[SELinux]: Linux med förbättrad säkerhet *[SIM]: Modul för abonnentidentitet @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Serverns namnindikering *[SSD]: Ssd-disk *[SSH]: Säkert skal -*[SUID]: Ange ägarens användar-ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Programvara som tjänst (molnprogramvara) *[SoC]: System på chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Protokoll för överföringskontroll *[TEE]: Miljö för tillförlitlig utförande *[TLS]: Säkerhet för transportlager @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Utökningsbart meddelande- och närvaroprotokoll *[PWA]: Progressiv webbapp +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.tr.txt b/includes/abbreviations.tr.txt index 9bb45d8d..3a217efe 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.tr.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.tr.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Hata Ayıklama Köprüsü *[AOSP]: Android Açık Kaynak Projesi *[ATA]: İleri Teknoloji Eklentisi -*[saldırı yüzeyi]: Bir sisteme yetkisiz erişim için olası giriş noktalarının toplam sayısı +*[saldırı yüzeyi]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Onaylanmış Önyükleme *[cgroups]: Kontrol Grupları *[CLI]: Komut Satırı Arayüzü *[CSV]: CSV Dosyası *[CVE]: Yaygın Zafiyetler ve Açıklar -*[karanlık desen]: Kullanıcıyı bir şeyler yapması için kandırmayı amaçlayan aldatıcı bir tasarım modeli -*[dijital miras özelliği]: Dijital Miras, öldüğünüzde başkalarının bilgilerinize erişmesine izin vermenizi sağlayan özelliklere denir +*[karanlık desen]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Alan Adı Sistemi Güvenlik Eklentileri *[DNS]: Alan Adı Sistemi *[DoH]: HTTPS üzerinden DNS *[DoQ]: QUIC üzerinden DNS *[DoH3]: HTTP/3 üzerinden DNS *[DoT]: TLS üzerinden DNS -*[DPI]: Derin Paket Denetimi, belirli yüklere sahip paketleri tanımlar ve engeller +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Uçtan Uca Şifreleme/Şifreli *[ECS]: EDNS İstemci Alt Ağı *[AEA]: Avrupa Ekonomik Alanı -*[entropi]: Bir şeyin ne kadar öngörülemez olduğunun ölçümü +*[entropi]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Kullanım Ömrü Sonu *[Exif]: Değişebilir görüntü dosyası biçimi *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Tam Disk Şifreleme *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: İleriye dönük gizlilik -*[çatal]: Mevcut bir projenin kopyalanması ve ona bağımsız olarak ekleme yapılmasıyla oluşturulan yeni bir yazılım projesi +*[çatal]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: Genel Veri Koruma Tüzüğü *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP uygulaması) *[GPS]: Küresel Konum Belirleme Sistemi *[GUI]: Grafik Kullanıcı Arayüzü *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP uygulaması) *[HDD]: Sabit Disk Sürücüsü -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Karma Tabanlı Mesaj Doğrulama Kodu) Tabanlı Tek Seferlik Parola +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Güvenli Hiper Metin Transfer Protokolü *[HTTP]: Hiper Metin Transfer Protokolü -*[hipervizör]: Bir CPU'nun kaynaklarını birden fazla işletim sistemi arasında paylaştıran bilgisayar yazılımı, bellenimi veya donanımı +*[hipervizör]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Entegre Devre Kartı Tanımlayıcısı *[IMAP]: İnternet Mesaj Erişim Protokolü *[IMEI]: Uluslararası Mobil Cihaz Kodu @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[İSS'ler]: İnternet Servis Sağlayıcıları *[JNI]: Java Yerel Arayüzü *[KYC]: Müşterini Tanı -*[LLaVA]: Büyük Dil ve Görme Asistanı (multimodal yapay zeka modeli) -*[LLMs]: Büyük Dil Modelleri (ChatGPT gibi yapay zeka modelleri) -*[LUKS]: Linux Birleşik Anahtar Kurulumu (Tam Disk Şifreleme) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Ortam Erişim Yönetimi *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobil Ekipman Tanımlayıcı *[MFA]: Çok Faktörlü Kimlik Doğrulama -*[NVMe]: Uçucu Olmayan Bellek Ekspresi -*[NAT]: Ağ Adresi Çevirisi -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Bağlantı Noktası Eşleme Protokolü +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Ağ Zaman Protokolü *[OCI]: Açık Konteyner Girişimi *[OCSP]: Çevrimiçi Sertifika Durum Protokolü *[OEM]: Orijinal Ürün Üreticisi *[OEM'ler]: Orijinal Ürün Üreticiler -*[açık ağırlıklar]: Açık bir ağırlık modeli, herkesin indirip kullanabileceği, ancak temel eğitim verileri ve/veya algoritmaları tescilli olan bir yapay zeka modelidir. *[İS]: İşletim Sistemi *[OTP]: Tek Seferlik Parola *[OTP'ler]: Tek Seferlik Parolalar @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Eşler Arası *[PAM]: Linux Takılabilir Kimlik Doğrulama Modülleri *[POP3]: Postane Protokolü 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (bkz. OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Kişiyi Tanımlamak İçin Kullanılan Bilgiler *[QNAME]: Nitelikli Ad -*[QUIC]: UDP tabanlı, ancak UDP'nin hızını TCP'nin güvenilirliği ile birleştirmeyi amaçlayan bir ağ protokolü. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[oran sınırları]: Ücret sınırları, bir hizmetin, bir kullanıcının belirli bir süre içinde hizmetlerine kaç kez erişebileceği konusunda getirdiği kısıtlamalardır. -*[yuvarlanan sürüm]: Sabit aralıklar yerine sık sık yayınlanan güncellemeler +*[yuvarlanan sürüm]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Gerçekten Basit Dağıtım *[SELinux]: Güvenliği Geliştirilmiş Linux *[SIM]: Abone Kimlik Modülü @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Sunucu Adı Göstergesi *[SSD]: Katı Hâl Sürücüsü *[SSH]: Güvenli Kabuk -*[SUID]: Kayıtlı Kullanıcı Kimliği +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Hizmet Olarak Yazılım (bulut yazılım) *[SoC]: Yongada Sistem -*[TOA]: Tek Oturum Açma -*[sistem istemi]: Bir yapay zeka sohbetinin sistem istemi, nasıl çalışması gerektiğine rehberlik etmesi için bir insan tarafından verilen genel talimatlardır. -*[sıcaklık]: AI sıcaklığı, oluşturulan metindeki rastgelelik ve yaratıcılık seviyesini kontrol etmek için AI modellerinde kullanılan bir parametredir. +*[TOA]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: İletim Kontrol Protokolü *[TEE]: Güvenilir Yürütme Ortamı *[TLS]: Taşıma Katmanı Güvenliği @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: Dünya Çapında Ağ Konsorsiyumu *[XMPP]: Genişletilebilir Mesajlaşma ve Varlık Protokolü *[PWA]: İleri Web Uygulaması +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.uk.txt b/includes/abbreviations.uk.txt index 3fe6bb15..c4422818 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.uk.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.uk.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Налагоджувальний міст для Android (Android Debugging Bridge) *[AOSP]: Проект з відкритим вихідним кодом Android (Android Open Source Project) *[ATA]: Передове технологічне обладнання (Advanced Technology Attachment) -*[поверхня атаки]: Загальна кількість можливих точок входу для несанкціонованого доступу до системи +*[поверхня атаки]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Перевірене завантаження Android (Android Verified Boot) *[cgroups]: Контрольні групи Linux (Control Groups) *[CLI]: Інтерфейс командного рядка (Command Line Interface) *[CSV]: Значення, розділені комами (Comma-Separated Values) *[CVE]: Поширені вразливості та ризики (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digital Legacy refers to features that allow you to give other people access to your data when you die +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Розширення безпеки системи доменних імен (Domain Name System Security Extensions) *[DNS]: Система доменних імен (Domain Name System) *[DoH]: DNS через HTTPS (DNS over HTTPS) *[DoQ]: DNS через QUIC (DNS over QUIC) *[DoH3]: DNS через HTTP/3 (DNS over HTTP/3) *[DoT]: DNS через TLS (DNS over TLS) -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: Наскрізне шифрування/зашифроване (End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted) *[ECS]: Клієнтська підмережа EDNS (EDNS Client Subnet) *[EEA]: Європейська економічна зона (European Economic Area) -*[ентропія]: Міра того, наскільки щось є непередбачуваним +*[ентропія]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: Кінець життя/терміну служби (End-of-Life) *[Exif]: Обмінний формат файлів зображень (Exchangeable image file format) *[FCM]: Хмарний обмін повідомленнями Firebase (Firebase Cloud Messaging) *[FDE]: Повне шифрування диска (Full Disk Encryption) *[FIDO]: Швидка ідентифікація особи онлайн (Fast IDentity Online) *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[форк]: Новий програмний проєкт, створений шляхом копіювання наявного проєкту та самостійного його доповнення +*[форк]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: Загальний регламент про захист даних ЄС (General Data Protection Regulation) *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (реалізація PGP) *[GPS]: Система глобального позиціювання (Global Positioning System) *[GUI]: Графічний інтерфейс користувача (Graphical User Interface) *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (реалізація PGP) *[HDD]: Жорсткий диск (Hard Disk Drive) -*[HOTP]: Одноразовий пароль на основі HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code based One-time Password) +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Безпечний протокол передачі гіпертексту (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) *[HTTP]: Протокол передачі гіпертексту (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) -*[гіпервізор]: Комп'ютерне програмне забезпечення, прошивка або апаратне забезпечення, яке розподіляє ресурси центрального процесора між кількома операційними системами +*[гіпервізор]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Ідентифікатор плати інтегральної мікросхеми (Integrated Circuit Card Identifier) *[IMAP]: Протокол доступу до Інтернет-повідомлень (Internet Message Access Protocol) *[IMEI]: Міжнародний ідентифікатор мобільного обладнання (International Mobile Equipment Identity) @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Інтернет-провайдери (Internet Service Providers) *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: One-Time Password *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.vi.txt b/includes/abbreviations.vi.txt index 4d2f9ada..d8a21651 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.vi.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.vi.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android Debug Bridge *[AOSP]: Android Open Source Project *[ATA]: Advanced Technology Attachment -*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system +*[attack surface]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android Verified Boot *[cgroups]: Control Groups *[CLI]: Command Line Interface *[CSV]: Comma-Separated Values *[CVE]: Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[digital legacy feature]: Digital Legacy refers to features that allow you to give other people access to your data when you die +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: Domain Name System Security Extensions *[DNS]: Domain Name System *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: End-to-End Encryption/Encrypted *[ECS]: EDNS Client Subnet *[EEA]: European Economic Area -*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: End-of-Life *[Exif]: Exchangeable image file format *[FCM]: Firebase Cloud Messaging *[FDE]: Full Disk Encryption *[FIDO]: Fast IDentity Online *[FS]: Forward Secrecy -*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: General Data Protection Regulation *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[GPS]: Global Positioning System *[GUI]: Graphical User Interface *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP implementation) *[HDD]: Hard Disk Drive -*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code) based One-Time Password +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure *[HTTP]: Hypertext Transfer Protocol -*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: Integrated Circuit Card Identifier *[IMAP]: Internet Message Access Protocol *[IMEI]: International Mobile Equipment Identity @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: Multi-Factor Authentication -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: Network address translation -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: Original Equipment Manufacturer *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: Operating System *[OTP]: One-Time Password *[OTPs]: One-Time Passwords @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: Peer-to-Peer *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: Single sign-on -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.zh-Hant.txt b/includes/abbreviations.zh-Hant.txt index 130d3f75..66e5e5c8 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.zh-Hant.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.zh-Hant.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: Android 偵錯橋接器 *[AOSP]: Android 開放原始碼計畫 *[ATA]: 高技術配置 -*[攻擊面]: 系統中可能被未授權者存取的入口數量 +*[攻擊面]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: Android 驗證啟動 *[cgroups]: 對照組 *[CLI]: 命令列介面 *[CSV]: 字元分隔值 *[CVE]: 公共漏洞和暴露 -*[詐欺性設計模式]: 一種欺騙性的設計模式,目的在於欺騙使用者做某件事 -*[數位遺產功能]: 數位遺產是指在您去世之後,允許讓其他人存取您資料的功能。 +*[詐欺性設計模式]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: 網域名稱系統安全擴充套件 *[DNS]: 域名系統 *[DoH]: 基於 HTTPS 的 DNS 服務 (DNS over HTTPS) *[DoQ]: 基於 QUIC 的 DNS 服務 (DNS over QUIC) *[DoH3]: 基於 HTTP/3 的 DNS 服務 (DNS over HTTP/3) *[DoT]: 基於 TLS 的 DNS 服務 (DNS over TLS) -*[DPI]: 深度封包檢測 (Deep Packet Inspection),是一種用於識別並封鎖具有特定特徵封包的技術 +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: 端對端加密 *[ECS]: EDNS 客戶端子網 *[EEA]: 歐洲經濟區 -*[entropy]: 衡量某件事物的不可預測程度 +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: 產品壽命結束 *[Exif]: 可交換影像檔案格式 *[FCM]: Firebase 雲端訊息傳遞 *[FDE]: 完整磁碟加密 *[FIDO]: 快速線上身份驗證 *[FS]: 前向保密 -*[分支]: 從現有軟體專案複製再另外分隔出來的新獨立專案 +*[分支]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: 一般資料保護規定 (歐盟) *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (基於 PGP 協定) *[GPS]: 全球定位系統 *[GUI]: 圖形使用者介面 *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (基於 PGP 協定) *[HDD]: 傳統硬碟 (又稱機械硬碟) -*[HOTP]: 基於 HMAC (雜湊式訊息驗證碼) 的一次性密碼 +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: 安全超文本傳輸協議 *[HTTP]: 超文本傳輸協議 -*[hypervisor]: 將 CPU 資源分配給多個操作系統的電腦軟體、韌體或硬體。 +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: 集成式迴路卡識別碼 *[IMAP]: 網際網路訊息存取協定 *[IMEI]: 國際行動裝置識別碼 @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: 網際網路服務提供商 *[JNI]: Java 原生介面 *[KYC]: 客戶身分審查 -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant(多模態 AI 模型) -*[LLM]: 大型語言模型(AI 模型,例如:ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux 統一金鑰設定 (全磁碟加密) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: 媒體存取控制 *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender 應用程式防護 *[MEID]: 行動裝置識別碼 *[MFA]: 多重要素驗證 -*[NVMe]: 非揮發性記憶體控制規範 -*[NAT]: 網路位址轉譯 -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT 端口映射協定 +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: 網路時間協定 *[OCI]: 開放容器標準 *[OCSP]: 線上憑證狀態協定 *[OEM]: 原始設備製造商 *[OEMs]: 原始設備製造商 -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: 操作系統 *[OTP]: 一次性密碼 *[OTPs]: 一次性密碼 @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: 點對點網路 (又稱對等式網路) *[PAM]: Linux 插入式驗證模組 *[POP3]: 郵局協定第 3 版 -*[PGP]: 優良保密協定 (見 OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: 個人可識別資訊 *[QNAME]: 限定名稱 -*[QUIC]: 以 UDP 為基礎的網路協定,旨在結合 UDP 的速度與 TCP 的可靠性。 +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[滾動式更新]: 頻繁釋出的更新,而非在固定的時間間隔內進行更新。 +*[滾動式更新]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: 簡易資訊聚合格式 *[SELinux]: 安全增強型 Linux *[SIM]: 使用者身分模組 @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: 伺服器名稱指示 *[SSD]: 固態硬碟 *[SSH]: 安全殼層 -*[SUID]: 設定擁有者使用者 ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: 軟體即服務 (雲端軟體) *[SoC]: 系統晶片 -*[SSO]: 單一登入 -*[system prompt]: 系統級提示詞 (system prompt),是 AI 聊天中人類給予的全局指示,用以指導它應該如何運作。 -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: 傳輸控制通訊協定 *[TEE]: 受信任執行環境 *[TLS]: 傳輸層安全性 @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: 全球資訊網協會 *[XMPP]: 可延伸傳訊與顯示通訊協定 *[PWA]: 漸進式網路應用程式 +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory diff --git a/includes/abbreviations.zh.txt b/includes/abbreviations.zh.txt index cdfaf83f..b4fc9fbe 100644 --- a/includes/abbreviations.zh.txt +++ b/includes/abbreviations.zh.txt @@ -2,42 +2,42 @@ *[ADB]: 安卓调试桥接器 *[AOSP]: 安卓开源项目 *[ATA]: 先进技术附件 -*[攻击面]: 未经授权进入系统的可能窗口总数 +*[攻击面]: The total number of possible entry points for unauthorized access to a system. *[AVB]: 安卓验证启动 *[cgroups]: 控制组 *[CLI]: 命令行界面 *[CSV]: 逗号分隔值 *[CVE]: 常见漏洞和风险 -*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into doing things -*[数字遗产功能]: 数字遗产指的是允许您在去世后让其他人访问您的数据的功能 +*[dark pattern]: A deceptive design pattern intended to trick a user into taking certain actions. +*[digital legacy]: A feature that allows you to give other people access to your data when you die. *[DNSSEC]: 域名系统安全扩展 *[DNS]: 域名系统 *[DoH]: DNS over HTTPS *[DoQ]: DNS over QUIC *[DoH3]: DNS over HTTP/3 *[DoT]: DNS over TLS -*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection identifies and blocks packet with specific payloads +*[DPI]: Deep Packet Inspection *[E2EE]: 端到端加密 *[ECS]: EDNS 客户子网 *[EEA]: 欧洲经济区 -*[entropy]: 衡量事物的不可预测性的值 +*[entropy]: A measurement of how unpredictable something is. *[EOL]: 服务终止 *[Exif]: 可交换图片文件格式 *[FCM]: Firebase云消息 *[FDE]: 全盘加密 *[FIDO]: 快速在线身份认证 *[FS]: 前向保密 -*[fork]: 通过复制现有项目创建的新的软件项目,可以在其上进行独立的开发 +*[fork]: A new software project created by copying an existing project and adding to it independently. *[GDPR]: 通用数据保护条例(欧盟) *[GPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP 实现) *[GPS]: 全球定位系统 *[GUI]: 图形用户界面 *[GnuPG]: GNU Privacy Guard (PGP 实现) *[HDD]: 机械硬盘 -*[HOTP]: 基于HMAC (基于散列的信息认证码) 的一次性密码 +*[HOTP]: HMAC (Hash-based Message Authentication Code)-based One-Time Password *[HTTPS]: 安全超文本传输协议 *[HTTP]: 超文本传输协议 -*[hypervisor]: 负责在多个操作系统之间分配CPU资源的软件,固件或者硬件 +*[hypervisor]: Computer software, firmware, or hardware that splits the resources of a CPU among multiple operating systems. *[ICCID]: 集成电路卡标识符 *[IMAP]: 互联网消息访问协议 *[IMEI]: 国际移动设备识别码 @@ -49,22 +49,19 @@ *[ISPs]: Internet Service Providers *[JNI]: Java Native Interface *[KYC]: Know Your Customer -*[LLaVA]: Large Language and Vision Assistant (multimodal AI model) -*[LLMs]: Large Language Models (AI models such as ChatGPT) -*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (Full-Disk Encryption) +*[LUKS]: Linux Unified Key Setup (full disk encryption) *[MAC]: Media Access Control *[MDAG]: Microsoft Defender Application Guard *[MEID]: Mobile Equipment Identifier *[MFA]: 多因素认证 -*[NVMe]: Nonvolatile Memory Express -*[NAT]: 网络地址翻译 -*[NAT-PMP]: NAT Port Mapping Protocol +*[NVMe]: Non-Volatile Memory Express +*[NAT]: Network Address Translation +*[NAT-PMP]: NAT (Network Address Translation) Port Mapping Protocol *[NTP]: Network Time Protocol *[OCI]: Open Container Initiative *[OCSP]: Online Certificate Status Protocol *[OEM]: 原始设备制造商 *[OEMs]: Original Equipment Manufacturers -*[open-weights]: An open weights-model is an AI model that anyone can download and use, but for which the underlying training data and/or algorithms are proprietary. *[OS]: 操作系统 *[OTP]: 一次性口令 *[OTPs]: 一次性口令 @@ -72,12 +69,12 @@ *[P2P]: 点对点传输 *[PAM]: Linux Pluggable Authentication Modules *[POP3]: Post Office Protocol 3 -*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy (see OpenPGP) +*[PGP]: Pretty Good Privacy *[PII]: Personally Identifiable Information *[QNAME]: Qualified Name -*[QUIC]: A network protocol based on UDP, but aiming to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. +*[QUIC]: A network protocol that is based on UDP, but aims to combine the speed of UDP with the reliability of TCP. *[rate limits]: Rate limits are restrictions that a service imposes on the number of times a user can access their services within a specified period of time. -*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than set intervals +*[rolling release]: Updates which are released frequently rather than at set intervals. *[RSS]: Really Simple Syndication *[SELinux]: Security-Enhanced Linux *[SIM]: Subscriber Identity Module @@ -86,12 +83,10 @@ *[SNI]: Server Name Indication *[SSD]: Solid-State Drive *[SSH]: Secure Shell -*[SUID]: Set Owner User ID +*[SUID]: Set User Identity *[SaaS]: Software as a Service (cloud software) *[SoC]: System on Chip -*[SSO]: 单点登录 -*[system prompt]: The system prompt of an AI chat is the general instructions given by a human to guide how it should operate. -*[temperature]: AI temperature is a parameter used in AI models to control the level of randomness and creativity in the generated text. +*[SSO]: Single Sign-On *[TCP]: Transmission Control Protocol *[TEE]: Trusted Execution Environment *[TLS]: Transport Layer Security @@ -107,3 +102,5 @@ *[W3C]: World Wide Web Consortium *[XMPP]: Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol *[PWA]: Progressive Web App +*[PWAs]: Progressive Web Apps +*[WKD]: Web Key Directory