From d8c885d6c9708af485d0cfcbbc0886f3d191436b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Crowdin Bot Date: Sat, 10 Feb 2024 17:31:17 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] New Crowdin translations by GitHub Action --- i18n/ar/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/ar/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/bn-IN/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/bn-IN/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/bn/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/bn/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/cs/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/cs/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/de/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/de/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/el/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/el/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/eo/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/eo/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/es/desktop.md | 53 +++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- i18n/es/tools.md | 8 +++---- i18n/fa/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/fa/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/fr/desktop.md | 53 +++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- i18n/fr/tools.md | 18 +++++++------- i18n/he/desktop.md | 49 ++++++++++++++++++------------------- i18n/he/tools.md | 18 +++++++------- i18n/hi/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/hi/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/hu/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/hu/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/id/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/id/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/it/desktop.md | 53 +++++++++++++++++++++-------------------- i18n/it/tools.md | 18 +++++++------- i18n/ja/desktop.md | 17 ++++++------- i18n/ja/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/ko/desktop.md | 25 +++++++++---------- i18n/ko/tools.md | 18 +++++++------- i18n/ku-IQ/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/nl/desktop.md | 37 ++++++++++++++-------------- i18n/nl/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/pl/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/pl/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/pt-BR/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/pt-BR/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/pt/desktop.md | 21 ++++++++-------- i18n/pt/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/ru/desktop.md | 39 +++++++++++++++--------------- i18n/ru/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/sv/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/sv/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/tr/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/tr/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/uk/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/uk/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/vi/desktop.md | 13 +++++----- i18n/vi/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/zh-Hant/desktop.md | 51 ++++++++++++++++++++------------------- i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md | 4 ++-- i18n/zh/desktop.md | 37 ++++++++++++++-------------- i18n/zh/tools.md | 4 ++-- 58 files changed, 437 insertions(+), 408 deletions(-) diff --git a/i18n/ar/desktop.md b/i18n/ar/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/ar/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/ar/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/ar/tools.md b/i18n/ar/tools.md index e94ebbfc..9c905c65 100644 --- a/i18n/ar/tools.md +++ b/i18n/ar/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/bn-IN/desktop.md b/i18n/bn-IN/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/bn-IN/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/bn-IN/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/bn-IN/tools.md b/i18n/bn-IN/tools.md index e94ebbfc..9c905c65 100644 --- a/i18n/bn-IN/tools.md +++ b/i18n/bn-IN/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/bn/desktop.md b/i18n/bn/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/bn/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/bn/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/bn/tools.md b/i18n/bn/tools.md index e94ebbfc..9c905c65 100644 --- a/i18n/bn/tools.md +++ b/i18n/bn/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/cs/desktop.md b/i18n/cs/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/cs/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/cs/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/cs/tools.md b/i18n/cs/tools.md index e94ebbfc..9c905c65 100644 --- a/i18n/cs/tools.md +++ b/i18n/cs/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/de/desktop.md b/i18n/de/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/de/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/de/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/de/tools.md b/i18n/de/tools.md index 154c7f7d..f8d50178 100644 --- a/i18n/de/tools.md +++ b/i18n/de/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/el/desktop.md b/i18n/el/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/el/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/el/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/el/tools.md b/i18n/el/tools.md index 0b208877..bce58222 100644 --- a/i18n/el/tools.md +++ b/i18n/el/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/eo/desktop.md b/i18n/eo/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/eo/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/eo/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/eo/tools.md b/i18n/eo/tools.md index e94ebbfc..9c905c65 100644 --- a/i18n/eo/tools.md +++ b/i18n/eo/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/es/desktop.md b/i18n/es/desktop.md index ed854aaa..25791606 100644 --- a/i18n/es/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/es/desktop.md @@ -73,29 +73,30 @@ Gran parte de los [paquetes de Arch Linux](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) s ## Distribuciones Inmutables -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** es una variante inmutable de Fedora con un fuerte enfoque en los flujos de trabajo de contenedores y el entorno de escritorio [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). Si prefieres un entorno distinto a GNOME, también hay otras variantes, incluyendo [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (que viene con [KDE](https://kde.org/)) y [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (que viene con [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), un gestor de ventanas en mosaico exclusivo de [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)). No recomendamos [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) en este momento ya que todavía [requiere X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). Todas estas variantes siguen el mismo calendario de lanzamientos que Fedora Workstation, beneficiándose de las mismas actualizaciones rápidas y manteniéndose muy cerca del upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. Todas estas variantes siguen el mismo calendario de lanzamientos que Fedora Workstation, beneficiándose de las mismas actualizaciones rápidas y manteniéndose muy cerca del upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentación} -[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuir} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue y sus variantes difieren de Fedora Workstation ya que reemplazan el gestor de paquetes [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) con una alternativa mucho más avanzada llamada [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). El gestor de paquetes `rpm-ostree` funciona descargando una imagen base para el sistema, y luego superponiendo paquetes sobre ella en un árbol de commit como el de [git](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git). Cuando se actualice el sistema, se descargará una nueva imagen de base y las superposiciones se aplicarán a esa nueva imagen. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). -Una vez completada la actualización, se reiniciará el sistema con la nueva implementación. `rpm-ostree` mantiene dos implementaciones del sistema para que pueda revertir fácilmente si algo se rompe en la nueva implementación. También existe la opción de anclar más implementaciones según sea necesario. +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. -[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) es el método principal de instalación de paquetes en estas distribuciones, ya que `rpm-ostree` sólo está pensado para superponer paquetes que no pueden permanecer dentro de un contenedor sobre la imagen base. +After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. -Como alternativa a Flatpaks, existe la opción de [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) para crear contenedores [Podman](https://podman.io) con un directorio raíz compartido con el sistema operativo anfitrión e imitar un entorno Fedora tradicional, lo cual es una [característica útil](https://containertoolbx.org) para el desarrollador exigente. +[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is the primary package installation method on these distributions, as `rpm-ostree` is only meant to overlay packages that cannot stay inside of a container on top of the base image. + +As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) to create [Podman](https://podman.io) containers with a shared home directory with the host operating system and mimic a traditional Fedora environment, which is a [useful feature](https://containertoolbx.org) for the discerning developer. ### NixOS @@ -113,15 +114,15 @@ NixOS es una distribución independiente basada en el gestor de paquetes Nix y c
-El gestor de paquetes de NixOS guarda cada versión de cada paquete en una carpeta diferente del **almacén Nix**. Debido a esto, puede tener diferentes versiones del mismo paquete instalado en su sistema. Después de escribir el contenido del paquete en la carpeta, ésta pasa a ser de sólo lectura. +NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. -NixOS también proporciona actualizaciones atómicas; primero descarga (o construye) los paquetes y archivos para la nueva generación del sistema y luego cambia a ella. Hay diferentes maneras de cambiar a una nueva generación; puede decirle a NixOS que la active después de reiniciar o puede cambiar a ella durante el tiempo de ejecución. También puede *probar* la nueva generación cambiando a ella durante el tiempo de ejecución, pero sin establecerla como la generación actual del sistema. Si algo en el proceso de actualización se rompe, puede simplemente reiniciar y automáticamente y volver a una versión que funcione de su sistema. +NixOS also provides atomic updates; first it downloads (or builds) the packages and files for the new system generation and then switches to it. There are different ways to switch to a new generation; you can tell NixOS to activate it after reboot or you can switch to it at runtime. You can also *test* the new generation by switching to it at runtime, but not setting it as the current system generation. If something in the update process breaks, you can just reboot and automatically and return to a working version of your system. -El gestor de paquetes Nix utiliza un lenguaje puramente funcional -que también se llama Nix- para definir paquetes. +Nix the package manager uses a purely functional language - which is also called Nix - to define packages. -[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (la fuente principal de paquetes) se encuentra en un único repositorio de GitHub. También puede definir sus propios paquetes en el mismo idioma e incluirlos fácilmente en su configuración. +[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (the main source of packages) are contained in a single GitHub repository. You can also define your own packages in the same language and then easily include them in your config. -Nix es un gestor de paquetes basado en el código fuente; si no hay ningún paquete preconstruido disponible en la caché de binarios, Nix simplemente construirá el paquete desde el código fuente usando su definición. Construye cada paquete en un entorno aislado *puro*, que es lo más independiente posible del sistema anfitrión, lo que hace que los binarios sean reproducibles. +Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in the binary cache, Nix will just build the package from source using its definition. It builds each package in a sandboxed *pure* environment, which is as independent of the host system as possible, thus making binaries reproducible. ## Distribuciones Enfocadas en el Anonimato @@ -142,11 +143,11 @@ Nix es un gestor de paquetes basado en el código fuente; si no hay ningún paqu
-Whonix está pensado para funcionar como dos máquinas virtuales: una "Estación de Trabajo" y una "Puerta de Enlace" Tor. Todas las comunicaciones desde la Estación de Trabajo deben pasar por la puerta de enlace Tor. Esto significa que incluso si la Estación de Trabajo se ve comprometida por algún tipo de malware, la verdadera dirección IP permanece oculta. +Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. -Algunas de sus características incluyen Tor Stream Isolation, [anonimización de pulsaciones](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [swap encriptado ](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), y un asignador de memoria endurecido. Las futuras versiones de Whonix probablemente incluirán [políticas AppArmor para todo el sistema](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) y un [lanzador de aplicaciones en entorno aislado](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) para confinar completamente todos los procesos del sistema. +Some of its features include Tor Stream Isolation, [keystroke anonymization](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [encrypted swap](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), and a hardened memory allocator. Future versions of Whonix will likely include [full system AppArmor policies](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) and a [sandbox app launcher](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) to fully confine all processes on the system. -Es mejor usar Whonix [junto con Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use_Qubes_over_other_Virtualizers). Tenemos una [guía recomendada](os/qubes-overview.md#connecting-to-tor-via-a-vpn) sobre la configuración de Whonix junto con una VPN ProxyVM en Qubes para ocultar tus actividades Tor de tu ISP. +Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use_Qubes_over_other_Virtualizers). We have a [recommended guide](os/qubes-overview.md#connecting-to-tor-via-a-vpn) on configuring Whonix in conjunction with a VPN ProxyVM in Qubes to hide your Tor activities from your ISP. ### Tails @@ -164,11 +165,11 @@ Es mejor usar Whonix [junto con Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use
-Tails es genial contra el análisis forense debido a la amnesia (lo que significa que no se escribe nada en el disco); sin embargo, no es una distribución endurecida como Whonix. Carece de muchas de las funciones de anonimato y seguridad que tiene Whonix y se actualiza con mucha menos frecuencia (sólo una vez cada seis semanas). Un sistema Tails comprometido por malware puede potencialmente eludir el proxy transparente permitiendo que el usuario sea desanonimizado. +Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. -Tails incluye [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) en el Navegador Tor por defecto, lo que potencialmente puede facilitar a los adversarios la toma de huellas digitales de los usuarios de Tails. Las máquinas virtualesd de [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) pueden ser más a prueba de fugas, sin embargo no son amnésicas, lo que significa que los datos pueden ser recuperados de su dispositivo de almacenamiento. +Tails includes [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser by default, which may potentially make it easier for adversaries to fingerprint Tails users. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtual machines may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, meaning data may be recovered from your storage device. -Tails está diseñado para formatearse por completo después de cada reinicio. [El almacenamiento persistente](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) cifrado puede configurarse para almacenar algunos datos entre reinicios. +By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypted [persistent storage](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) can be configured to store some data between reboots. ## Distribuciones Enfocadas en la Seguridad @@ -191,13 +192,13 @@ Tails está diseñado para formatearse por completo después de cada reinicio. [
-Qubes OS asegura el ordenador aislando subsistemas (por ejemplo, redes, USB, etc.) y aplicaciones en *qubes* separados. En caso de que una parte del sistema se vea comprometida, es probable que el aislamiento adicional proteja el resto de *qubes* y el sistema central. +Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. -Para más información sobre el funcionamiento de Qubes, consulte nuestra página [Qubes OS overview](os/qubes-overview.md). +For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview](os/qubes-overview.md) page. ### Kicksecure -Aunque [desaconsejamos](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) distribuciones "perpetuamente obsoletas", como Debian para uso de escritorio, en la mayoría de los casos, Kicksecure es un sistema operativo basado en Debian que ha sido reforzado para ser mucho más que una instalación típica de Linux. +While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install.
@@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ Aunque [desaconsejamos](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) distribuciones "perp ## Criterios -La elección de una distribución Linux adecuada para usted dependerá de una gran variedad de preferencias personales, y esta página **no** pretende ser una lista exhaustiva de todas las distribuciones viables. En nuestra página de información general sobre Linux encontrará algunos consejos sobre [elegir una distribución](os/linux-overview.md#choosing-your-distribution) con más detalle. Todas las distribuciones que se encuentran en *esta* página siguen, en general, las directrices que cubrimos allí, y todas cumplen estas normas: +Choosing a Linux distro that is right for you will come down to a huge variety of personal preferences, and this page is **not** meant to be an exhaustive list of every viable distribution. Our Linux overview page has some advice on [choosing a distro](os/linux-overview.md#choosing-your-distribution) in more detail. The distros on *this* page do all generally follow the guidelines we covered there, and all meet these standards: - Gratis y de código abierto. - Recibe actualizaciones periódicas del software y del kernel. @@ -230,4 +231,4 @@ La elección de una distribución Linux adecuada para usted dependerá de una gr - Preferencia hacia proyectos más grandes. - Mantener un sistema operativo es un gran reto, y los proyectos más pequeños tienden a cometer más errores evitables o a retrasar las actualizaciones críticas (o peor aún, a desaparecer por completo). Nos inclinamos por proyectos que probablemente seguirán existiendo dentro de 10 años (ya sea gracias al respaldo de empresas o a un apoyo muy significativo de la comunidad), y nos alejamos de los proyectos construidos a mano o con un número reducido de mantenedores. -Además, [nuestros criterios estándar](about/criteria.md) para los proyectos recomendados se siguen aplicando. **Por favor, tenga en cuenta que no estamos afiliados a ninguno de los proveedores que recomendamos.** +In addition, [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md) for recommended projects still applies. **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** diff --git a/i18n/es/tools.md b/i18n/es/tools.md index 7b86c4c6..061a9c7a 100644 --- a/i18n/es/tools.md +++ b/i18n/es/tools.md @@ -455,14 +455,14 @@ Para obtener más información sobre cada proyecto, por qué han sido elegidos y
-- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Distribuvión de MV de Xen)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) -- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot/Arranque en vivo)](desktop.md#tails) +- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) - ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ .twemoji } [Kicksecure](desktop.md#kicksecure)
diff --git a/i18n/fa/desktop.md b/i18n/fa/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/fa/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/fa/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/fa/tools.md b/i18n/fa/tools.md index e94ebbfc..9c905c65 100644 --- a/i18n/fa/tools.md +++ b/i18n/fa/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/fr/desktop.md b/i18n/fr/desktop.md index 9d22ec12..3472e0e4 100644 --- a/i18n/fr/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/fr/desktop.md @@ -73,29 +73,30 @@ Une grande partie des [paquets d'Arch Linux](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Distributions immuables -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![logo Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** est une variante immuable de Fedora qui met l'accent sur les flux de travail en conteneur et l'environnement de bureau [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). Si vous préférez un environnement autre que GNOME, il existe d'autres variantes, notamment [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (qui inclut [KDE](https://kde.org/)) et [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (qui inclut [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), un gestionnaire de fenêtres en mosaïque exclusif à [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)). Nous ne recommandons pas [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) pour l'instant car il [nécessite toujours X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). Toutes ces variantes suivent le même calendrier de publication que Fedora Workstation, bénéficiant des mêmes mises à jour rapides et restant très proches de l'original. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. Toutes ces variantes suivent le même calendrier de publication que Fedora Workstation, bénéficiant des mêmes mises à jour rapides et restant très proches de l'original. -[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} -[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue et ses variantes diffèrent de Fedora Workstation car ils remplacent le gestionnaire de paquets [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) par une alternative beaucoup plus avancée appelée [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). Le gestionnaire de paquets `rpm-ostree` fonctionne en téléchargeant une image de base pour le système, puis en superposant des paquets par-dessus dans un arbre de commit semblable à [git](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git). Lorsque le système est mis à jour, une nouvelle image de base est téléchargée et les surcouches seront appliquées à cette nouvelle image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). -Une fois la mise à jour terminée, vous redémarrez le système dans le nouveau déploiement. `rpm-ostree` conserve deux déploiements du système afin que vous puissiez facilement revenir en arrière si quelque chose se casse dans le nouveau déploiement. Il est également possible d'épingler plus de déploiements selon les besoins. +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. -[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) est la méthode principale d'installation des paquets sur ces distributions, car `rpm-ostree` n'est destiné qu'à superposer les paquets qui ne peuvent pas rester à l'intérieur d'un conteneur sur l'image de base. +After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. -Comme alternative aux Flatpaks, il y a l'option de [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/fr/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) pour créer des conteneurs [Podman](https://podman.io) avec un répertoire de base partagé avec le système d'exploitation hôte et imiter un environnement Fedora traditionnel, ce qui est une [fonctionnalité utile](https://containertoolbx.org) pour le développeur averti. +[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is the primary package installation method on these distributions, as `rpm-ostree` is only meant to overlay packages that cannot stay inside of a container on top of the base image. + +As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) to create [Podman](https://podman.io) containers with a shared home directory with the host operating system and mimic a traditional Fedora environment, which is a [useful feature](https://containertoolbx.org) for the discerning developer. ### NixOS @@ -113,15 +114,15 @@ NixOS est une distribution indépendante basée sur le gestionnaire de paquets N
-Le gestionnaire de paquets de NixOS conserve chaque version de chaque paquet dans un dossier différent dans le **magasin Nix**. De ce fait, vous pouvez avoir différentes versions d'un même paquet installé sur votre système. Une fois que le contenu du paquet a été écrit dans le dossier, ce dernier est mis en lecture seule. +NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. -NixOS fournit également des mises à jour atomiques ; il télécharge d'abord (ou construit) les paquets et les fichiers pour la nouvelle génération de système et ensuite y bascule. Il y a différentes façons de passer à une nouvelle génération ; vous pouvez dire à NixOS de l'activer après le redémarrage ou vous pouvez basculer sur celle-ci pendant l'exécution. Vous pouvez également *tester* la nouvelle génération en basculant sur celle-ci pendant l'exécution, mais sans la définir comme la génération actuelle du système. Si quelque chose se casse pendant le processus de mise à jour, vous pouvez simplement redémarrer et revenir automatiquement à une version fonctionnelle de votre système. +NixOS also provides atomic updates; first it downloads (or builds) the packages and files for the new system generation and then switches to it. There are different ways to switch to a new generation; you can tell NixOS to activate it after reboot or you can switch to it at runtime. You can also *test* the new generation by switching to it at runtime, but not setting it as the current system generation. If something in the update process breaks, you can just reboot and automatically and return to a working version of your system. -Nix, le gestionnaire de paquets, utilise un langage purement fonctionnel - qui s'appelle aussi Nix - pour définir les paquets. +Nix the package manager uses a purely functional language - which is also called Nix - to define packages. -[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (la source principale des paquets) sont contenus dans un seul dépôt GitHub. Vous pouvez également définir vos propres paquets dans le même langage, puis les inclure facilement dans votre configuration. +[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (the main source of packages) are contained in a single GitHub repository. You can also define your own packages in the same language and then easily include them in your config. -Nix est un gestionnaire de paquets basé sur les sources ; s'il n'y a pas de paquet pré-construit disponible dans le cache binaire, Nix construira simplement le paquet à partir des sources en utilisant sa définition. Il construit chaque paquet dans un environnement *pur* en bac à sable, qui est aussi indépendant que possible du système hôte, ce qui rend les binaires reproductibles. +Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in the binary cache, Nix will just build the package from source using its definition. It builds each package in a sandboxed *pure* environment, which is as independent of the host system as possible, thus making binaries reproducible. ## Distributions axées sur l'anonymat @@ -141,11 +142,11 @@ Nix est un gestionnaire de paquets basé sur les sources ; s'il n'y a pas de paq
-Whonix est conçu pour fonctionner sous la forme de deux machines virtuelles : une "Station de Travail" et une "Passerelle" Tor. Toutes les communications de la station de travail doivent passer par la passerelle Tor, et seront acheminées par le réseau Tor. Cela signifie que même si la "Station de Travail" est compromise par un logiciel malveillant quelconque, la véritable adresse IP reste cachée. +Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. -Parmi ses fonctionnalités, citons l'isolation des Flux Tor, [l'anonymisation des frappes de clavier](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [un swap chiffré](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), et un allocateur de mémoire renforcé. Les futures versions de Whonix incluront probablement [des politiques AppArmor système complètes](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) et [un lanceur d'apps bac à sable](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) pour confiner complètement tous les processus sur le système. +Some of its features include Tor Stream Isolation, [keystroke anonymization](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [encrypted swap](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), and a hardened memory allocator. Future versions of Whonix will likely include [full system AppArmor policies](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) and a [sandbox app launcher](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) to fully confine all processes on the system. -Il est préférable d'utiliser Whonix [en conjonction avec Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use_Qubes_over_other_Virtualizers). Nous avons un [guide recommandé](os/qubes-overview.md#connecting-to-tor-via-a-vpn) sur la configuration de Whonix en conjonction avec une ProxyVM VPN dans Qubes pour cacher vos activités Tor à votre FAI. +Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use_Qubes_over_other_Virtualizers). We have a [recommended guide](os/qubes-overview.md#connecting-to-tor-via-a-vpn) on configuring Whonix in conjunction with a VPN ProxyVM in Qubes to hide your Tor activities from your ISP. ### Tails @@ -163,11 +164,11 @@ Il est préférable d'utiliser Whonix [en conjonction avec Qubes](https://www.wh
-Tails est excellent pour contrer l'analyse scientifique en raison de son amnésie (ce qui signifie que rien n'est écrit sur le disque) ; cependant, ce n'est pas une distribution renforcée comme Whonix. Il ne dispose pas de nombreuses fonctions d'anonymat et de sécurité comme Whonix et est mis à jour beaucoup moins souvent (seulement une fois toutes les six semaines). Un système Tails compromis par un logiciel malveillant peut potentiellement contourner le proxy transparent et permettre à l'utilisateur d'être désanonymisé. +Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. -Tails inclut [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) dans le Navigateur Tor par défaut, ce qui peut potentiellement faciliter la tâche des adversaires pour identifier l'empreinte numérique des utilisateurs de Tails. Les machines virtuelles [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) sont peut-être plus étanches, mais elles ne sont pas amnésiques, ce qui signifie que les données peuvent être récupérées sur votre périphérique de stockage. +Tails includes [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser by default, which may potentially make it easier for adversaries to fingerprint Tails users. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtual machines may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, meaning data may be recovered from your storage device. -Par conception, Tails est censé se réinitialiser complètement après chaque redémarrage. Le [stockage persistant](https://tails.boum.org/doc/first_steps/persistence/index.fr.html) chiffré peut être configuré pour stocker certaines données entre les redémarrages. +By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypted [persistent storage](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) can be configured to store some data between reboots. ## Distributions axées sur la sécurité @@ -190,13 +191,13 @@ Par conception, Tails est censé se réinitialiser complètement après chaque r
-Qubes OS sécurise l'ordinateur en isolant les sous-systèmes (par exemple, le réseau, l'USB, etc.) et les applications dans des *qubes* distincts. Si une partie du système est compromise, l'isolation supplémentaire est susceptible de protéger le reste des *qubes* et le système central. +Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. -Pour plus d'informations sur le fonctionnement de Qubes, lisez notre page [Introduction à Qubes](os/qubes-overview.md) . +For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview](os/qubes-overview.md) page. ### Kicksecure -Bien que nous [déconseillions](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) d'utiliser des distributions "perpétuellement dépassées" comme Debian pour un usage bureautique dans la plupart des cas, Kicksecure est un système d'exploitation basé sur Debian qui a été renforcé pour être bien plus qu'une installation Linux classique. +While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install.
@@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ Bien que nous [déconseillions](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) d'utiliser d ## Critères -Le choix d'une distribution Linux qui vous convient dépend d'une grande variété de préférences personnelles, et cette page n'est **pas** une liste exhaustive de toutes les distributions viables. Notre page de présentation de Linux contient des conseils sur [le choix d'une distribution](os/linux-overview.md#choosing-your-distribution). Les distributions sur *cette page* suivent généralement les lignes directrices que nous avons abordées dans cette page, et respectent toutes ces normes : +Choosing a Linux distro that is right for you will come down to a huge variety of personal preferences, and this page is **not** meant to be an exhaustive list of every viable distribution. Our Linux overview page has some advice on [choosing a distro](os/linux-overview.md#choosing-your-distribution) in more detail. The distros on *this* page do all generally follow the guidelines we covered there, and all meet these standards: - Gratuites et open source. - Reçoivent régulièrement des mises à jour des logiciels et du noyau. @@ -229,4 +230,4 @@ Le choix d'une distribution Linux qui vous convient dépend d'une grande variét - Préférence pour les projets de plus grande envergure. - La maintenance d'un système d'exploitation est un défi majeur, et les petits projets ont tendance à faire plus d'erreurs évitables ou à retarder les mises à jour critiques (ou pire, à disparaître complètement). Nous privilégions les projets qui seront probablement toujours présents dans 10 ans (que ce soit grâce au soutien d'une entreprise ou à un soutien communautaire très important), et nous évitons les projets qui sont construits de zéro ou qui ont un petit nombre de mainteneurs. -En outre, [nos critères standards](about/criteria.md) pour les projets recommandés s'appliquent toujours. **Veuillez noter que nous ne sommes affiliés à aucun des projets que nous recommandons.** +In addition, [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md) for recommended projects still applies. **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** diff --git a/i18n/fr/tools.md b/i18n/fr/tools.md index 3b6a0aec..da32fd37 100644 --- a/i18n/fr/tools.md +++ b/i18n/fr/tools.md @@ -455,15 +455,15 @@ Nous [recommandons](dns.md#recommended-providers) un certain nombre de serveurs
-- ![logo Qubes OS](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![logo Fedora](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) -- ![logo openSUSE Tumbleweed](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) -- ![logo Arch](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![logo Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) -- ![logo nixOS](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) -- ![logo Whonix](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) -- ![logo Tails](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) -- ![logo Kicksecure](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ .twemoji } [Kicksecure](desktop.md#kicksecure) +- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) +- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) +- ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) +- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) +- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) +- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ .twemoji } [Kicksecure](desktop.md#kicksecure)
diff --git a/i18n/he/desktop.md b/i18n/he/desktop.md index c13a2bde..801ff547 100644 --- a/i18n/he/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/he/desktop.md @@ -73,29 +73,30 @@ Tumbleweed עוקב אחר מודל מהדורה מתגלגל שבו כל עדכ ## הפצות בלתי ניתנות לשינוי -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=תיעוד} -[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=לתרומה } +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). מנהל החבילות `rpm - ostree` עובד על ידי הורדת תמונת בסיס עבור המערכת, ולאחר מכן שכבת חבילות מעליה ב [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)- כמו להתחייב עץ. כאשר המערכת מתעדכנת, מורידים תמונת בסיס חדשה ושכבות העל יוחלו על תמונה חדשה זו. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). -לאחר השלמת העדכון, תאתחל מחדש את המערכת לפריסה החדשה. `rpm - ostree` שומר שתי פריסות של המערכת, כך שתוכל בקלות לחזור לאחור אם משהו נשבר בפריסה החדשה. יש גם אפשרות להצמיד יותר פריסות לפי הצורך. +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. -[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) היא שיטת התקנת החבילה העיקרית בהפצות אלה, מכיוון ש-`rpm-ostree` נועדה רק לכיסוי חבילות שאינן יכולות להישאר בתוך מיכל על גבי תמונת הבסיס. +After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. -כחלופה Flatpaks, יש את האפשרות של[Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) כדי ליצור [Podman](https://podman.io) עם ספריית בית משותפת עם מערכת ההפעלה המארח לחקות סביבת פדורה מסורתית, המהווה [תכונה שימושית](https://containertoolbx.org) עבור מפתח הבחנה. +[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is the primary package installation method on these distributions, as `rpm-ostree` is only meant to overlay packages that cannot stay inside of a container on top of the base image. + +As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) to create [Podman](https://podman.io) containers with a shared home directory with the host operating system and mimic a traditional Fedora environment, which is a [useful feature](https://containertoolbx.org) for the discerning developer. ### NixOS @@ -113,15 +114,15 @@ NixOS היא הפצה עצמאית המבוססת על מנהל החבילות
-מנהל החבילות של NixOS שומר כל גרסה של כל חבילה בתיקיה אחרת בחנות **Nix store**. בשל כך אתה יכול לקבל גירסאות שונות של אותה חבילה מותקנת על המערכת שלך. לאחר שתוכן החבילה נכתב לתיקייה, התיקייה נעשית לקריאה בלבד. +NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. -NixOS מספקת גם עדכונים אטומיים; תחילה היא מורידה (או בונה) את החבילות והקבצים עבור דור המערכת החדש ולאחר מכן עוברת אליו. ישנן דרכים שונות לעבור לדור חדש; באפשרותך להורות ל - NixOS להפעיל אותו לאחר אתחול מחדש או לעבור אליו בזמן ריצה. אתה יכול גם *לבדוק* הדור החדש על ידי מעבר אליו בזמן ריצה, אבל לא הגדרת אותו כמו הדור הנוכחי של המערכת. אם משהו בתהליך העדכון נשבר, אתה יכול פשוט לאתחל באופן אוטומטי ולחזור לגירסה עובדת של המערכת שלך. +NixOS also provides atomic updates; first it downloads (or builds) the packages and files for the new system generation and then switches to it. There are different ways to switch to a new generation; you can tell NixOS to activate it after reboot or you can switch to it at runtime. You can also *test* the new generation by switching to it at runtime, but not setting it as the current system generation. If something in the update process breaks, you can just reboot and automatically and return to a working version of your system. -Nix מנהל החבילות משתמש בשפה פונקציונלית טהורה - הנקראת גם Nix - כדי להגדיר חבילות. +Nix the package manager uses a purely functional language - which is also called Nix - to define packages. -[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs)(המקור העיקרי של חבילות) נמצאים במאגר אחד של GitHub. אתה יכול גם להגדיר חבילות משלך באותה שפה ולאחר מכן בקלות לכלול אותם בתצורה שלך. +[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (the main source of packages) are contained in a single GitHub repository. You can also define your own packages in the same language and then easily include them in your config. -Nix הוא מנהל חבילות מבוסס מקור; אם אין מוכן מראש זמין במטמון הבינארי, ניקס פשוט יבנה את החבילה מהמקור באמצעות ההגדרה שלו. הוא בונה כל חבילה בסביבה *טהורה* בארגז חול, שאינה תלויה ככל האפשר במערכת המארחת, ובכך הופכת את הקבצים הבינאריים לניתנים לשחזור. +Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in the binary cache, Nix will just build the package from source using its definition. It builds each package in a sandboxed *pure* environment, which is as independent of the host system as possible, thus making binaries reproducible. ## הפצות ממוקדות אנונימיות @@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ Nix הוא מנהל חבילות מבוסס מקור; אם אין מוכן מר
-Whonix אמור לפעול כמו שתי מכונות וירטואליות: "תחנת עבודה" ו "שער" Tor כל התקשורת מתחנת העבודה חייבת לעבור דרך שער טור. משמעות הדבר היא כי גם אם תחנת העבודה נפגעת על ידי תוכנות זדוניות מסוג כלשהו, כתובת ה - IP האמיתית נשארת מוסתרת. +Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. Some of its features include Tor Stream Isolation, [keystroke anonymization](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [encrypted swap](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), and a hardened memory allocator. Future versions of Whonix will likely include [full system AppArmor policies](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) and a [sandbox app launcher](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) to fully confine all processes on the system. @@ -164,11 +165,11 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube -Tails הוא נהדר עבור זיהוי פלילי נגדי עקב אמנזיה (כלומר שום דבר לא נכתב לדיסק); עם זאת, זו אינה התפלגות קשוחה כמו ווניקס. היא חסרה תכונות אנונימיות ואבטחה רבות שיש ל - Whonix ומתעדכנת בתדירות נמוכה בהרבה (רק אחת לשישה שבועות). מערכת Tails כי הוא נפגע על ידי תוכנות זדוניות עשוי לעקוף את פרוקסי שקוף המאפשר למשתמש להיות deanonymized. +Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. -Tailsכולל[uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) בדפדפן Tor כברירת מחדל, מה שעשוי להקל על יריבים למשתמשים בזנבות טביעות אצבע. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) מכונות וירטואליות עשויות להיות יותר חסינות מפני דליפות, אך הן אינן אמנזיה, כלומר ניתן לשחזר נתונים ממכשיר האחסון שלך. +Tails includes [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser by default, which may potentially make it easier for adversaries to fingerprint Tails users. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtual machines may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, meaning data may be recovered from your storage device. -על ידי עיצוב, Tails נועד לאפס את עצמו לחלוטין לאחר כל אתחול מחדש. ניתן להגדיר [אחסון קבוע](https://tails.boum.org/doc/first_steps/persistence/index.en.html) מוצפן כדי לאחסן נתונים מסוימים בין אתחולים מחדש. +By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypted [persistent storage](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) can be configured to store some data between reboots. ## הפצות ממוקדות אבטחה @@ -191,13 +192,13 @@ Tailsכולל[uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) בדפדפן Tor -Qubes OS מאבטחת את המחשב על ידי בידוד תת-מערכות (למשל, רשת, USB וכו') ויישומים ב*qubes* נפרדים. אם חלק אחד של המערכת ייפגע, סביר שהבידוד הנוסף יגן על שאר ה*qubes* ועל מערכת הליבה. +Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. -למידע נוסף על אופן הפעולה של Qubes, קרא את הדף המלא שלנו [סקירת מערכת ההפעלה Qubes](os/qubes-overview.md). +For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview](os/qubes-overview.md) page. ### Kicksecure -בעוד שאנו [ממליצים נגד](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) הפצות "מיושנות מתמיד" כמו שימוש בדביאן לשולחן העבודה ברוב המקרים, Kicksecure היא מערכת הפעלה מבוססת דביאן שיש לה הוקשחה להיות הרבה יותר מהתקנת לינוקס טיפוסית. +While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install.
@@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ Qubes OS מאבטחת את המחשב על ידי בידוד תת-מערכות ( ## קריטריונים -בחירת הפצת לינוקס המתאימה לך תסתכם במגוון עצום של העדפות אישיות, ודף זה **לא** נועד להיות רשימה ממצה של כל הפצה בת קיימא. בדף הסקירה הכללית של לינוקס שלנו יש כמה עצות לגבי [בחירת הפצה](os/linux-overview.md#choosing-your-distribution) ביתר פירוט. ההפצות ב*דף זה* עוקבות בדרך כלל אחר ההנחיות שסיקרנו שם, וכולן עומדות בסטנדרטים הבאים: +Choosing a Linux distro that is right for you will come down to a huge variety of personal preferences, and this page is **not** meant to be an exhaustive list of every viable distribution. Our Linux overview page has some advice on [choosing a distro](os/linux-overview.md#choosing-your-distribution) in more detail. The distros on *this* page do all generally follow the guidelines we covered there, and all meet these standards: - Free and open source. - מקבל עדכוני תוכנה וליבה קבועים. @@ -230,4 +231,4 @@ Qubes OS מאבטחת את המחשב על ידי בידוד תת-מערכות ( - העדפה לפרויקטים גדולים יותר. - שמירה על מערכת הפעלה היא אתגר מרכזי, ולפרויקטים קטנים יותר יש נטייה לטעויות נמנעות יותר, או לעכב עדכונים קריטיים (או גרוע מכך, להיעלם לחלוטין). אנו נשענים לעבר פרויקטים אשר ככל הנראה יהיו בערך 10 שנים מהיום (בין אם זה נובע מגיבוי תאגידי או תמיכה קהילתית משמעותית מאוד), והרחק מפרויקטים שנבנו בעבודת יד או שיש להם מספר מצומצם של מתחזקים. -בנוסף, [ הקריטריונים הסטנדרטיים שלנו ](about/criteria.md) לפרויקטים מומלצים עדיין חלים. ** אנא שימו לב שאיננו קשורים לאף אחד מהפרויקטים שאנו ממליצים עליהם. ** +In addition, [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md) for recommended projects still applies. **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** diff --git a/i18n/he/tools.md b/i18n/he/tools.md index feb772a2..87766ac3 100644 --- a/i18n/he/tools.md +++ b/i18n/he/tools.md @@ -455,15 +455,15 @@ description: Privacy Guides הוא האתר השקוף והאמין ביותר
-- ![Qubes OS לוגו](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) -- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) -- ![Arch לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) -- ![nixOS לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) -- ![Whonix לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) -- ![Tails לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) -- ![Kicksecure לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ .twemoji } [Kicksecure](desktop.md#kicksecure) +- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) +- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) +- ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) +- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) +- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) +- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ .twemoji } [Kicksecure](desktop.md#kicksecure)
diff --git a/i18n/hi/desktop.md b/i18n/hi/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/hi/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/hi/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/hi/tools.md b/i18n/hi/tools.md index e94ebbfc..9c905c65 100644 --- a/i18n/hi/tools.md +++ b/i18n/hi/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/hu/desktop.md b/i18n/hu/desktop.md index 2072d492..fdcfcb86 100644 --- a/i18n/hu/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/hu/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/hu/tools.md b/i18n/hu/tools.md index 8ca8c7ea..6ea02b22 100644 --- a/i18n/hu/tools.md +++ b/i18n/hu/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ Számos követelmény alapján [ajánlunk](dns.md#recommended-providers) több t
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/id/desktop.md b/i18n/id/desktop.md index 263b3aec..3c71a43f 100644 --- a/i18n/id/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/id/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/id/tools.md b/i18n/id/tools.md index b508fd22..157deb1f 100644 --- a/i18n/id/tools.md +++ b/i18n/id/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ Kami [merekomendasikan](dns.md#recommended-providers) sejumlah server DNS terenk
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/it/desktop.md b/i18n/it/desktop.md index 16d199d9..ef5ce279 100644 --- a/i18n/it/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/it/desktop.md @@ -73,29 +73,30 @@ Gran parte dei [pacchetti di Arch Linux](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) son ## Distribuzioni immutabili -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Logo di Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** è una variante immutabile di Fedora, fortemente incentrata sui flussi di lavoro del contenitore e sull'ambiente desktop [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). Se preferisci un ambiente differente da GNOME, esistono anche altre varianti, tra cui [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (che dispone di [KDE](https://kde.org/)) e [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (che dispone di [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), un gestore delle finestre esclusivo per [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)). Al momento, sconsigliamo [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) in quanto [richiede ancora X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). Tutte queste varianti seguono lo stesso programma di rilascio di Fedora Workstation, beneficiando degli stessi aggiornamenti veloci e restando molto vicine alla versione a monte. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. Tutte queste varianti seguono lo stesso programma di rilascio di Fedora Workstation, beneficiando degli stessi aggiornamenti veloci e restando molto vicine alla versione a monte. -[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} -[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue e le sue varianti differiscono da Fedora Workstation, poiché sostituiscono il gestore di pacchetti [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) con un'alternativa molto più avanzata, chiamata [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). Il gestore di pacchetti `rpm-ostree` opera scaricando un'immagine di base per il sistema, quindi sovrapponendo i pacchetti in un albero di commit simile a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git). Quando il sistema viene aggiornato, viene scaricata una nuova immagine di base e le sovrapposizioni sono applicate a questa nuova immagine. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). -Al termine dell'aggiornamento, il sistema sarà riavviato nella nuova distribuzione. `rpm-ostree` mantiene due distribuzioni del sistema, così da poter facilmente essere ripristinato, se qualcosa si rompe nella nuova distribuzione. Inoltre, esiste l'opzione di aggiungere altre distribuzioni, se necessario. +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. -[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) è il metodo d'installazione principale dei pacchetti su queste distribuzioni, in quanto `rpm-ostree` è pensato soltanto per sovrapporre all'immagine di base i pacchetti che non possono rimanere all'interno di un contenitore. +After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. -Come alternativa a Flatpaks, esiste l'opzione di [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) per creare contenitori [Podman](https://podman.io) con una cartella home condivisa con il sistema operativo del host che imita un ambiente tradizionale di Fedora, un [caratteristica utile](https://containertoolbx.org) per gli sviluppatori esigenti. +[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is the primary package installation method on these distributions, as `rpm-ostree` is only meant to overlay packages that cannot stay inside of a container on top of the base image. + +As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) to create [Podman](https://podman.io) containers with a shared home directory with the host operating system and mimic a traditional Fedora environment, which is a [useful feature](https://containertoolbx.org) for the discerning developer. ### NixOS @@ -113,15 +114,15 @@ NixOS è una distribuzione indipendente basata sul gestore di pacchetti Nix, inc
-Il gestore di pacchetti di NixOS conserva ogni versione di ogni pacchetto in una cartella diversa del **negozio di Nix**. A causa di ciò puoi avere versioni differenti dello stesso pacchetto installate sul tuo sistema. Dopo la scrittura dei contenuti del pacchetto alla cartella, questa è resa di sola lettura. +NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. -NixOS fornisce anche aggiornamenti atomici; prima scarica (o crea) i pacchetti e i file per la nuova generazione di sistema, poi passa ad essi. Esistono svariati modi per passare a una nuova generazione; puoi chiedere a NixOS di attivarla dopo il riavvio, o passarci mentre è in esecuzione. Puoi anche *testare* la nuova generazione passandovi durante l'esecuzione, ma non impostarla come quella corrente di sistema. Se qualcosa nel processo d'aggiornamento si corrompe, basta riavviare e tornare automaticamente a una versione funzionante del sistema. +NixOS also provides atomic updates; first it downloads (or builds) the packages and files for the new system generation and then switches to it. There are different ways to switch to a new generation; you can tell NixOS to activate it after reboot or you can switch to it at runtime. You can also *test* the new generation by switching to it at runtime, but not setting it as the current system generation. If something in the update process breaks, you can just reboot and automatically and return to a working version of your system. -Nix, il gestore di pacchetti, utilizza un linguaggio puramente funzionale, anch'ess detto Nix, per definire i pacchetti. +Nix the package manager uses a purely functional language - which is also called Nix - to define packages. -[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (la fonte principale dei pacchetti) è contenuto in un unico repository di GitHub. Inoltre, puoi definire i tuoi pacchetti nello stesso linguaggio, quindi, includerli facilmente nella tua configurazione. +[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (the main source of packages) are contained in a single GitHub repository. You can also define your own packages in the same language and then easily include them in your config. -Nix è un gestore di pacchetti basato sul codice sorgente; se non ne esiste alcuno di predefinito nella cache binaria, Nix creerà semplicemente il pacchetto dalla sorgente, utilizzandone la definizione. Crea ogni pacchetto in un ambiente sandbox *puro*, il più indipendente possibile dal sistema di host, rendendo riproducibili i binari. +Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in the binary cache, Nix will just build the package from source using its definition. It builds each package in a sandboxed *pure* environment, which is as independent of the host system as possible, thus making binaries reproducible. ## Distribuzioni incentrate sull'anonimato @@ -142,11 +143,11 @@ Nix è un gestore di pacchetti basato sul codice sorgente; se non ne esiste alcu
-Whonix è pensato per operare come due macchine virtuali: una "Workstation" e un "Gateway" di Tor. Tutte le comunicazioni dalla Workstation devono passare per il gateway di Tor. Ciò significa che, anche se la Workstation fosse compromessa da un malware di qualche tipo, il vero indirizzo IP rimarrebbe nascosto. +Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. -Alcune delle sue funzionalità includono l'Isolamento del Flusso di Tor, l'[anonimizzazione della battitura](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), lo [scambio crittografato](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator) e un allocatore di memoria rafforzato. Le versioni future di Whonix includeranno probabilmente le [politiche di sistema complete di AppArmor](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) e un [launcher di app sandbox](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher), per confinare interamente tutti i processi sul sistema. +Some of its features include Tor Stream Isolation, [keystroke anonymization](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [encrypted swap](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), and a hardened memory allocator. Future versions of Whonix will likely include [full system AppArmor policies](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) and a [sandbox app launcher](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) to fully confine all processes on the system. -Whonix è utilizzato al meglio [in combinazione con Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use_Qubes_over_other_Virtualizers). Abbiamo una [guida di consigli](os/qubes-overview.md#connecting-to-tor-via-a-vpn) sulla configurazione di Whonix in combinazione con un ProxyVM della VPN su Qubes, per nascondere le tue attività di Tor dal tuo ISP. +Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use_Qubes_over_other_Virtualizers). We have a [recommended guide](os/qubes-overview.md#connecting-to-tor-via-a-vpn) on configuring Whonix in conjunction with a VPN ProxyVM in Qubes to hide your Tor activities from your ISP. ### Tails @@ -164,11 +165,11 @@ Whonix è utilizzato al meglio [in combinazione con Qubes](https://www.whonix.or
-Tail è ottimo per le controperizie grazie all'amnesia (a significare che nulla viene scritto sul disco); tuttavia, non è una distribuzione rafforzata come Whonix. Manca di molte funzionalità per l'anonimato e la sicurezza possedute da Whonix e viene aggiornato molto meno spesso (soltanto una volta ogni sei settimane). Un sistema Tails compromesso da un malware potrebbe aggirare il proxy trasparente, consentendo all'utente di essere deanonimizzato. +Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. -Tails include di default [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) nel Tor Browser, il che potrebbe semplificare, per gli avversari, il fingerprinting dei suoi utenti. Le macchine virtuali di [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) potrebbero essere maggiormente a prova di fuga, tuttavia, non sono amnesiche, a significare che i dati potrebbero essere recuperati dal tuo dispositivo d'archiviazione. +Tails includes [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser by default, which may potentially make it easier for adversaries to fingerprint Tails users. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtual machines may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, meaning data may be recovered from your storage device. -Di design, Tails dovrebbe ripristinarsi completamente dopo ogni riavvio. L'[archiviazione persistente](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) è configurabile per memorizzare alcuni dati tra i riavvii. +By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypted [persistent storage](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) can be configured to store some data between reboots. ## Distribuzioni incentrate sulla sicurezza @@ -191,13 +192,13 @@ Di design, Tails dovrebbe ripristinarsi completamente dopo ogni riavvio. L'[arch
-Qubes OS protegge il computer isolando i sottosistemi (ad esempio, rete, USB, ecc.) e applicazioni in *qube* separate. Se una parte del sistema dovesse essere compromessa, l'isolamento aggiuntivo potrebbe proteggere il resto delle *qube* e il sistema centrale. +Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. -Per ulteriori informazioni sul funzionamento di Qubes, leggi la nostra pagina [Panoramica su Qubes OS](os/qubes-overview.md). +For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview](os/qubes-overview.md) page. ### Kicksecure -Sebbene [sconsigliamo](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) le distribuzioni "perennemente obsolete" come Debian per l'utilizzo da desktop in gran parte dei casi, Kicksecure è un sistema operativo basato su Debian, rafforzato al punto da essere di molto migliore, di una tipica installazione di Linux. +While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install.
@@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ Sebbene [sconsigliamo](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) le distribuzioni "per ## Criteri -Scegliere una distribuzione di Linux adatta a te, diperrà da una vasta gamma di preferenze personali e, questa pagina, **non** è intesa come un elenco esaustiivo di ogni distribuzione fattibile. La nostra pagina panoramica su Linux contiene dei consigli sulla [scelta di una distro](os/linux-overview.md#choosing-your-distribution), in maggiore dettaglio. Le distribuzioni su *questa* pagina, in generale, seguono tutte le linee guida coperte lì e, tutte, soddisfano questi standard: +Choosing a Linux distro that is right for you will come down to a huge variety of personal preferences, and this page is **not** meant to be an exhaustive list of every viable distribution. Our Linux overview page has some advice on [choosing a distro](os/linux-overview.md#choosing-your-distribution) in more detail. The distros on *this* page do all generally follow the guidelines we covered there, and all meet these standards: - Gratuito e open source. - Ricevono aggiornamenti regolari del software e del kernel. @@ -230,4 +231,4 @@ Scegliere una distribuzione di Linux adatta a te, diperrà da una vasta gamma di - Preferiscono i progetti più grandi. - Mantenere un sistema operativo è un sfida importante e, i progetti più piccoli, tendono a compiere errori evitabili o a ritardare gli aggiornamenti critici (o peggio, scomparire interamente). Ci orientiamo verso progetti che, tra 10 anni, potrebbero essere ancora presenti (che sia grazie a supporto aziendale o supporto della community molto significativo), e ci allontaniamo da progetti costruiti a mano o aventi un numero ridotto di manutentori. -Inoltre, si applicano i [nostri criteri standard](about/criteria.md) per i progetti consigliati. **Ti preghiamo di notare che non siamo affiliati a nessuno dei progetti che consigliamo.** +In addition, [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md) for recommended projects still applies. **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** diff --git a/i18n/it/tools.md b/i18n/it/tools.md index 068c50cc..3ddad960 100644 --- a/i18n/it/tools.md +++ b/i18n/it/tools.md @@ -455,15 +455,15 @@ Per ulteriori dettagli su ogni progetto, perché è stato scelto e ulteriori con
-- ![Logo di Qubes OS](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Logo di Fedora](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) -- ![Logo di openSUSE Tumbleweed](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) -- ![Logo di Arch](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Logo di Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) -- ![Logo di nixOS](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) -- ![Logo di Whonix](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) -- ![Logo di Tails](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) -- ![Logo di Kicksecure](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ .twemoji } [Kicksecure](desktop.md#kicksecure) +- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) +- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) +- ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) +- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) +- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) +- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ .twemoji } [Kicksecure](desktop.md#kicksecure)
diff --git a/i18n/ja/desktop.md b/i18n/ja/desktop.md index a2a22666..2fa69c66 100644 --- a/i18n/ja/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/ja/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. @@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th
-Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” Workstationからのすべての通信は、必ずTorゲートウェイを通過することになります。 This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. +Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. Some of its features include Tor Stream Isolation, [keystroke anonymization](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [encrypted swap](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), and a hardened memory allocator. Future versions of Whonix will likely include [full system AppArmor policies](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) and a [sandbox app launcher](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) to fully confine all processes on the system. @@ -230,4 +231,4 @@ Choosing a Linux distro that is right for you will come down to a huge variety o - Preference towards larger projects. - Maintaining an operating system is a major challenge, and smaller projects have a tendency to make more avoidable mistakes, or delay critical updates (or worse, disappear entirely). We lean towards projects which will likely be around 10 years from now (whether that's due to corporate backing or very significant community support), and away from projects which are hand-built or have a small number of maintainers. -さらに、推奨プロジェクトに関する[標準的な基準](about/criteria.md)も適用されます。 **私たちは、推奨するいずれのプロジェクトとも提携していません。** +In addition, [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md) for recommended projects still applies. **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** diff --git a/i18n/ja/tools.md b/i18n/ja/tools.md index 4240c39e..a78b352e 100644 --- a/i18n/ja/tools.md +++ b/i18n/ja/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/ko/desktop.md b/i18n/ko/desktop.md index 2cd5519b..95f0a42b 100644 --- a/i18n/ko/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/ko/desktop.md @@ -73,25 +73,26 @@ DIY 배포판이므로 여러분은 자신의 시스템을 여러분 자신이 [ ## 변경 불가능한 배포판 -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). `rpm-ostree` 패키지 관리자는 시스템의 베이스 이미지를 다운로드한 이후 [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)과 유사한 커밋 트리에서 패키지를 오버레이하는 방식으로 작동합니다. 시스템을 업데이트하는 경우, 새로운 베이스 이미지를 다운로드하고 해당 이미지에 오버레이합니다. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). -업데이트가 완료되면 새로 만들어진 시스템으로 재부팅합니다. `rpm-ostree`는 두 개의 시스템을 모두 유지하므로, 새로 배포된 시스템에서 문제가 발생하는 경우 간단히 롤백할 수 있습니다. 필요에 따라 유지할 시스템 수를 더 늘리는 옵션도 존재합니다. +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. + +After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. [Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is the primary package installation method on these distributions, as `rpm-ostree` is only meant to overlay packages that cannot stay inside of a container on top of the base image. @@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ NixOS는 재현성과 안전성에 중점을 둔 Nix 패키지 관리자를 기
-NixOS 패키지 매니저는 모든 패키지의 모든 버전을 **Nix Store**의 폴더에 따로 보관합니다. 따라서, 동일한 하나의 패키지를 시스템에 여러 버전으로 설치할 수 있습니다. 패키지 내용이 폴더에 작성되면 해당 폴더는 읽기 전용으로 설정됩니다. +NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. NixOS also provides atomic updates; first it downloads (or builds) the packages and files for the new system generation and then switches to it. There are different ways to switch to a new generation; you can tell NixOS to activate it after reboot or you can switch to it at runtime. You can also *test* the new generation by switching to it at runtime, but not setting it as the current system generation. If something in the update process breaks, you can just reboot and automatically and return to a working version of your system. @@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th -Whonix는 'Workstation'과 Tor 'Gateway'라는 두 개의 가상 머신으로 구성되어 실행됩니다. Workstation 에서 발생하는 모든 통신은 반드시 Tor Gateway를 통과합니다. 즉, Workstation이 만약 멀웨어에 의해 손상된다 할지라도, 실제 IP 주소는 노출되지 않습니다. +Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. Some of its features include Tor Stream Isolation, [keystroke anonymization](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [encrypted swap](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), and a hardened memory allocator. Future versions of Whonix will likely include [full system AppArmor policies](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) and a [sandbox app launcher](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) to fully confine all processes on the system. @@ -164,11 +165,11 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube -Tails는 휘발성(디스크에 아무것도 기록되지 않음) 특성으로 인해 포렌식 방어에 적합하지만, Whonix 처럼 특별히 보안이 강화된 배포판은 아닙니다. Whonix에 비해 많은 익명성, 보안 기능이 부족하며, 업데이트 빈도 또한 훨씬 낮습니다(Tails는 6주에 한 번 업데이트가 제공됩니다). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. +Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. -Tails는 Tor 브라우저에 [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin)을 기본 탑재하고 있습니다. 이는 공격자가 Tails 사용자를 핑거프린팅하는 용도로 쓰일 수 있습니다. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) 가상 머신은 유출 방지 면에서는 더 뛰어나지만, 휘발성 특성이 없으므로 저장 장치에서 데이터를 복구하는 것이 가능할 수도 있습니다. +Tails includes [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser by default, which may potentially make it easier for adversaries to fingerprint Tails users. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtual machines may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, meaning data may be recovered from your storage device. -Tails는 재부팅 시마다 완전히 초기화되도록 설계되었습니다. 재부팅 시에도 특정 데이터를 유지하려면 암호화 [영구 저장소](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html)를 설정해야 합니다. +By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypted [persistent storage](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) can be configured to store some data between reboots. ## 보안성 중점 배포판 diff --git a/i18n/ko/tools.md b/i18n/ko/tools.md index 853dd4e9..aa0ca334 100644 --- a/i18n/ko/tools.md +++ b/i18n/ko/tools.md @@ -455,15 +455,15 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
-- ![Qubes OS 로고](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) -- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) -- ![Arch 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) -- ![nixOS 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) -- ![Whonix 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) -- ![Tails 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) -- ![Kicksecure 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ .twemoji } [Kicksecure](desktop.md#kicksecure) +- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) +- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) +- ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) +- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) +- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) +- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ .twemoji } [Kicksecure](desktop.md#kicksecure)
diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md index e94ebbfc..9c905c65 100644 --- a/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md +++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/nl/desktop.md b/i18n/nl/desktop.md index 130e5b1c..2a0abedb 100644 --- a/i18n/nl/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/nl/desktop.md @@ -73,29 +73,30 @@ Een groot deel van [Arch Linux's pakketten](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable distributies -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). De `rpm-ostree` pakketbeheerder werkt door een basis image voor het systeem te downloaden, en er dan pakketten overheen te leggen in een [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-achtige commit tree. Wanneer het systeem wordt bijgewerkt, wordt een nieuw basisbeeld gedownload en worden de overlays op dat nieuwe beeld toegepast. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). -Nadat de update is voltooid, start je het systeem opnieuw op in de nieuwe versie. `rpm-ostree` houdt twee versies van het systeem bij, zodat je gemakkelijk kunt terugdraaien als er iets kapot gaat in de nieuwe versie. Er is ook de mogelijkheid om meer versies vast te pinnen als dat nodig is. +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. -[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is de primaire pakketinstallatiemethode op deze distributies, aangezien `rpm-ostree` alleen bedoeld is om pakketten die niet in een container kunnen blijven bovenop de basisafbeelding te plaatsen. +After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. -Als alternatief voor Flatpaks is er de optie [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) om [Podman](https://podman.io) containers te maken met een gedeelde home directory met het gast-besturingssysteem en een traditionele Fedora omgeving na te bootsen, wat een [nuttige eigenschap is](https://containertoolbx.org) voor de veeleisende ontwikkelaar. +[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is the primary package installation method on these distributions, as `rpm-ostree` is only meant to overlay packages that cannot stay inside of a container on top of the base image. + +As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) to create [Podman](https://podman.io) containers with a shared home directory with the host operating system and mimic a traditional Fedora environment, which is a [useful feature](https://containertoolbx.org) for the discerning developer. ### NixOS @@ -113,15 +114,15 @@ NixOS is een onafhankelijke distributie gebaseerd op de Nix pakketbeheerder met
-De pakketbeheerder van NixOS bewaart elke versie van elk pakket in een andere map in de **Nix store**. Hierdoor kun je verschillende versies van hetzelfde pakket op jouw systeem geïnstalleerd hebben. Nadat de inhoud van het pakket naar de map is geschreven, wordt de map alleen-lezen gemaakt. +NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. -NixOS biedt ook atomaire updates; het downloadt (of bouwt) eerst de pakketten en bestanden voor de nieuwe systeemgeneratie en schakelt daar dan naar over. Er zijn verschillende manieren om over te schakelen naar een nieuwe generatie; je kunt NixOS vertellen deze te activeren na reboot of je kunt er tijdens runtime naar overschakelen. Je kunt ook *testen* de nieuwe generatie door er tijdens runtime naar over te schakelen, maar het niet in te stellen als de huidige systeemgeneratie. Als iets in het updateproces stuk gaat, kunt je gewoon opnieuw opstarten en automatisch terugkeren naar een werkende versie van jouw systeem. +NixOS also provides atomic updates; first it downloads (or builds) the packages and files for the new system generation and then switches to it. There are different ways to switch to a new generation; you can tell NixOS to activate it after reboot or you can switch to it at runtime. You can also *test* the new generation by switching to it at runtime, but not setting it as the current system generation. If something in the update process breaks, you can just reboot and automatically and return to a working version of your system. -Nix de pakketbeheerder gebruikt een zuiver functionele taal - die ook Nix wordt genoemd - om pakketten te definiëren. +Nix the package manager uses a purely functional language - which is also called Nix - to define packages. -[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (de belangrijkste bron van pakketten) zijn opgenomen in een enkele GitHub repository. Je kan ook je eigen packages definiëren in dezelfde taal en ze dan gemakkelijk opnemen in je config. +[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (the main source of packages) are contained in a single GitHub repository. You can also define your own packages in the same language and then easily include them in your config. -Nix is een source-based package manager; als er geen pre-built beschikbaar is in de binaire cache, zal Nix het pakket gewoon vanaf de broncode bouwen met behulp van zijn definitie. Het bouwt elk pakket in een sandboxed *pure* omgeving, die zo onafhankelijk mogelijk is van het hostsysteem, waardoor binaries reproduceerbaar zijn. +Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in the binary cache, Nix will just build the package from source using its definition. It builds each package in a sandboxed *pure* environment, which is as independent of the host system as possible, thus making binaries reproducible. ## Op anonimiteit gerichte distributies @@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ Nix is een source-based package manager; als er geen pre-built beschikbaar is in -Whonix is bedoeld om te draaien als twee virtuele machines: een "Workstation" en een Tor "Gateway" Alle communicatie van het werkstation moet via de Tor-gateway gaan. Dit betekent dat zelfs als het werkstation wordt gecompromitteerd door malware, het ware IP-adres verborgen blijft. +Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. Some of its features include Tor Stream Isolation, [keystroke anonymization](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [encrypted swap](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), and a hardened memory allocator. Future versions of Whonix will likely include [full system AppArmor policies](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) and a [sandbox app launcher](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) to fully confine all processes on the system. @@ -162,11 +163,11 @@ Het is bedoeld om de privacy en anonimiteit te bewaren, censuur te omzeilen en g -Het is de bedoeling dat Tails zichzelf reset na elke reboot. Versleutelde [persistente opslag](https://tails. boum. org/doc/first_steps/persistence/index. en. html) kan worden geconfigureerd om bepaalde gegevens op te slaan. Een Tails-systeem dat door malware is aangetast, kan de transparante proxy omzeilen, waardoor de gebruiker kan worden gedeanonimiseerd. +Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. -Tails bevat standaard [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser, wat het voor tegenstanders mogelijk gemakkelijker maakt om Tails-gebruikers te identificeren. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtuele machines zijn misschien lekbestendiger, maar ze zijn niet amnesisch, wat betekent dat gegevens kunnen worden teruggehaald van jouw opslagapparaat. +Tails includes [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser by default, which may potentially make it easier for adversaries to fingerprint Tails users. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtual machines may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, meaning data may be recovered from your storage device. -Het is de bedoeling dat Tails zichzelf volledig reset na elke herstart. Een versleutelde [persistente opslag](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) kan worden geconfigureerd om bepaalde gegevens tussen reboots op te slaan. +By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypted [persistent storage](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) can be configured to store some data between reboots. ## Op veiligheid gerichte distributies diff --git a/i18n/nl/tools.md b/i18n/nl/tools.md index fb184f88..4b3aab75 100644 --- a/i18n/nl/tools.md +++ b/i18n/nl/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ Wij [bevelen](dns.md#recommended-providers) een aantal versleutelde DNS servers
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/pl/desktop.md b/i18n/pl/desktop.md index 63593bb7..60d662c7 100644 --- a/i18n/pl/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/pl/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/pl/tools.md b/i18n/pl/tools.md index 749fb9ab..9e8d2ec0 100644 --- a/i18n/pl/tools.md +++ b/i18n/pl/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/desktop.md b/i18n/pt-BR/desktop.md index ff38c36f..688d94fe 100644 --- a/i18n/pt-BR/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/pt-BR/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md b/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md index bf310175..c06c9379 100644 --- a/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md +++ b/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/pt/desktop.md b/i18n/pt/desktop.md index e426324a..35638375 100644 --- a/i18n/pt/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/pt/desktop.md @@ -69,27 +69,28 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Distribuições imutáveis -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). `rpm-ostree` mantém duas implantações do sistema para que um usuário possa facilmente reverter se algo quebrar na nova implantação. Há também a opção de fixar mais implantações conforme necessário. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. -Como alternativa aos Flatpaks, existe a opção de [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) para criar [Podman](https://podman.io) containers com um diretório home compartilhado com o sistema operacional host e imitar um ambiente Fedora tradicional, que é um [recurso útil](https://containertoolbx.org) para o desenvolvedor perspicaz. +[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is the primary package installation method on these distributions, as `rpm-ostree` is only meant to overlay packages that cannot stay inside of a container on top of the base image. As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) to create [Podman](https://podman.io) containers with a shared home directory with the host operating system and mimic a traditional Fedora environment, which is a [useful feature](https://containertoolbx.org) for the discerning developer. @@ -107,13 +108,13 @@ NixOS é uma distribuição independente baseada no gerenciador de pacotes Nix c
-O NixOS também fornece atualizações atômicas; primeiro ele baixa (ou constrói) os pacotes e arquivos para a nova geração do sistema e depois muda para ele. Existem diferentes maneiras de mudar para uma nova geração; você pode dizer ao NixOS para ativá-lo após o reinício ou você pode mudar para ele em tempo de execução. Você também pode *testar* a nova geração mudando para ela em tempo de execução, mas não definindo-a como a geração atual do sistema. +NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. NixOS also provides atomic updates; first it downloads (or builds) the packages and files for the new system generation and then switches to it. There are different ways to switch to a new generation; you can tell NixOS to activate it after reboot or you can switch to it at runtime. You can also *test* the new generation by switching to it at runtime, but not setting it as the current system generation. If something in the update process breaks, you can just reboot and automatically and return to a working version of your system. Nix the package manager uses a purely functional language - which is also called Nix - to define packages. -Nix é um gerenciador de pacotes baseado no código fonte; se não houver um pré-cache binário disponível, Nix irá apenas construir o pacote a partir do código fonte usando sua definição. Ele constrói cada pacote em um ambiente sandboxed *puro* , que é o mais independente possível do sistema hospedeiro, tornando assim os binários reprodutíveis. +[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (the main source of packages) are contained in a single GitHub repository. You can also define your own packages in the same language and then easily include them in your config. Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in the binary cache, Nix will just build the package from source using its definition. It builds each package in a sandboxed *pure* environment, which is as independent of the host system as possible, thus making binaries reproducible. @@ -156,7 +157,7 @@ O seu objectivo é preservar a privacidade e o anonimato, contornando a censura
-Acredita-se frequentemente que [open source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software) software é intrinsecamente seguro porque o código fonte está disponível. Há uma expectativa de que a verificação da comunidade ocorra regularmente; no entanto, isto nem sempre é [o caso](https://seirdy.one/2022/02/02/floss-security.html). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. +Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. Tails includes [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser by default, which may potentially make it easier for adversaries to fingerprint Tails users. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtual machines may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, meaning data may be recovered from your storage device. diff --git a/i18n/pt/tools.md b/i18n/pt/tools.md index 7f4579cf..9090ec2d 100644 --- a/i18n/pt/tools.md +++ b/i18n/pt/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ Recomendamos armazenar uma chave de recuperação local em um local seguro, em v
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/ru/desktop.md b/i18n/ru/desktop.md index 93f93f8d..9a4512bd 100644 --- a/i18n/ru/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/ru/desktop.md @@ -73,29 +73,30 @@ Arch Linux имеет плавающий цикл релиза. Не сущес ## Неизменяемые дистрибутивы -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Логотип Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** это immutable вариант Fedora с фокусом на контейнеры и с рабочим столом [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Документация} -[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). Менеджер пакетов `rpm-ostree` работает путем скачивания базового образа для системы, а затем наложения пакетов на него в [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-подобном дереве коммитов. Когда система обновляется, загружается новое базовое изображение, и наложения будут применены к этому новому изображению. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). -После завершения обновления вы перезагрузите систему в новую установку. `rpm-ostree` сохраняет две версии системы, чтобы вы могли легко откатиться назад, если что-то сломается в новой версии. Также есть возможность подключить большее количество версий по мере необходимости. +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. -[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) является основным методом установки пакетов в этих дистрибутивах, так как `rpm-ostree` предназначен только для наложения пакетов, которые не могут оставаться внутри контейнера, поверх базового образа. +After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. -В качестве альтернативы для Flatpak существует возможность [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) для создания [Podman](https://podman.io) контейнеров с общим домашним каталогом с операционной системой хоста и имитации традиционного окружения Fedora, что является [полезной функцией](https://containertoolbx.org) для взыскательных разработчиков. +[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is the primary package installation method on these distributions, as `rpm-ostree` is only meant to overlay packages that cannot stay inside of a container on top of the base image. + +As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) to create [Podman](https://podman.io) containers with a shared home directory with the host operating system and mimic a traditional Fedora environment, which is a [useful feature](https://containertoolbx.org) for the discerning developer. ### NixOS @@ -113,15 +114,15 @@ NixOS - это независимый дистрибутив, основанны
-Менеджер пакетов NixOS хранит каждую версию каждого пакета в отдельной папке в **хранилище Nix**. Из-за этого в вашей системе могут быть установлены разные версии одного и того же пакета. После записи содержимого пакета в папку, папка становится доступной только для чтения. +NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. -NixOS также предоставляет атомные обновления; сначала она загружает (или собирает) пакеты и файлы для нового поколения системы, а затем переходит на него. Есть разные способы переключения на новое поколение; вы можете указать NixOS активировать его после перезагрузки или переключиться на него во время выполнения. Вы также можете *протестировать* новое поколение, переключившись на него во время выполнения, но не устанавливая его в качестве текущего поколения системы. Если что-то в процессе обновления сломается, вы можете просто перезагрузиться и автоматически вернуться к рабочей версии системы. +NixOS also provides atomic updates; first it downloads (or builds) the packages and files for the new system generation and then switches to it. There are different ways to switch to a new generation; you can tell NixOS to activate it after reboot or you can switch to it at runtime. You can also *test* the new generation by switching to it at runtime, but not setting it as the current system generation. If something in the update process breaks, you can just reboot and automatically and return to a working version of your system. -Менеджер пакетов Nix использует чистый функциональный язык - который также называется Nix - для определения пакетов. +Nix the package manager uses a purely functional language - which is also called Nix - to define packages. -[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (основной источник пакетов) содержится в едином репозитории GitHub. Вы также можете определить свои собственные пакеты на том же языке и затем легко включить их в свою конфигурацию. +[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (the main source of packages) are contained in a single GitHub repository. You can also define your own packages in the same language and then easily include them in your config. -Nix - это менеджер пакетов на основе исходных файлов; если в кэше бинарных файлов нет готовой сборки, Nix просто соберет пакет из исходных файлов, используя его определение. Он собирает каждый пакет в изолированной *чистой* среде, которая максимально независима от хост-системы, что делает двоичные файлы воспроизводимыми. +Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in the binary cache, Nix will just build the package from source using its definition. It builds each package in a sandboxed *pure* environment, which is as independent of the host system as possible, thus making binaries reproducible. ## Дистрибутивы для анонимности @@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ Nix - это менеджер пакетов на основе исходных
-Whonix предназначен для запуска в виде двух виртуальных машин: "Рабочая" и "Шлюз Tor." Все соединения рабочей станции должны проходить через шлюз Tor. Это означает, даже если рабочая станция будет скомпрометирована каким-либо вредоносным ПО, настоящий IP-адрес останется скрытым. +Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. Some of its features include Tor Stream Isolation, [keystroke anonymization](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [encrypted swap](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), and a hardened memory allocator. Future versions of Whonix will likely include [full system AppArmor policies](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) and a [sandbox app launcher](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) to fully confine all processes on the system. @@ -164,11 +165,11 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube -Tails отлично подходит для криминалистической экспертизы благодаря амнезии (то есть ничего не записывается на диск); однако это не такой защищенный дистрибутив, как Whonix. В нем нет многих функций анонимности и безопасности, которые есть в Whonix, и он обновляется гораздо реже (только раз в шесть недель). Система Tails, взломанная вредоносным ПО, может потенциально обойти прозрачный прокси-сервер, что позволит деанонимизировать пользователя. +Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. -Tails содержит [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) в Tor Browser по умолчанию, что потенциально может облегчить злоумышленникам составить цифровые отпечатки пользователей Tails. [Виртуальные машины Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) могут быть более защищены от утечек, однако они не поддерживают амнезию, то есть данные могут быть восстановлены с вашего устройства хранения. +Tails includes [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser by default, which may potentially make it easier for adversaries to fingerprint Tails users. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtual machines may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, meaning data may be recovered from your storage device. -По замыслу разработчиков, Tails должна сама полностью сбрасываться после каждой перезагрузки. Зашифрованное [постоянное хранилище](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) может быть настроено для хранения некоторых данных между перезагрузками. +By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypted [persistent storage](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) can be configured to store some data between reboots. ## Дистрибутивы для безопасности diff --git a/i18n/ru/tools.md b/i18n/ru/tools.md index bd5c66fd..80a11261 100644 --- a/i18n/ru/tools.md +++ b/i18n/ru/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ description: Privacy Guides - это самый прозрачный и наде
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/sv/desktop.md b/i18n/sv/desktop.md index 1d5ff00f..014e7eb2 100644 --- a/i18n/sv/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/sv/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/sv/tools.md b/i18n/sv/tools.md index 7487c04a..92f23251 100644 --- a/i18n/sv/tools.md +++ b/i18n/sv/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ Vi [rekommenderar](dns.md#recommended-providers) ett antal krypterade DNS-servra
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/tr/desktop.md b/i18n/tr/desktop.md index c1d37161..91f1994f 100644 --- a/i18n/tr/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/tr/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/tr/tools.md b/i18n/tr/tools.md index 66b4d7f0..42fb0726 100644 --- a/i18n/tr/tools.md +++ b/i18n/tr/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/uk/desktop.md b/i18n/uk/desktop.md index b1a97b23..313ad042 100644 --- a/i18n/uk/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/uk/desktop.md @@ -73,23 +73,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/uk/tools.md b/i18n/uk/tools.md index 821eaccf..9be2cf47 100644 --- a/i18n/uk/tools.md +++ b/i18n/uk/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/vi/desktop.md b/i18n/vi/desktop.md index fa03ee55..62728b29 100644 --- a/i18n/vi/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/vi/desktop.md @@ -69,23 +69,24 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ## Immutable Distributions -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). + +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. diff --git a/i18n/vi/tools.md b/i18n/vi/tools.md index 406e7edf..c914e44a 100644 --- a/i18n/vi/tools.md +++ b/i18n/vi/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop.md index ef96ff53..254267d0 100644 --- a/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop.md @@ -73,29 +73,30 @@ Arch Linux有一個滾動發佈週期。 沒有固定的發布時間表，套件 ## 不可變動的發行版本 -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** 是 Fedora 的一個不可變變體，關注容器工作流程和 [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) 桌面環境。 如果喜歡 GNOME 以外的環境，還有其他變體，包括 [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/)（隨 [KDE](https://kde.org/) 提供）和 [ Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/)（隨[Sway](https://swaywm.org/) 一起提供，[Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)唯有的平鋪視窗管理器） 不推薦 [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/)，因為它[需要 X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland)。 這些變體版都遵循 Fedora Workstation 同樣的發佈時間表，受益於相同的快速更新並保持非常接近上遊。 +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. 這些變體版都遵循 Fedora Workstation 同樣的發佈時間表，受益於相同的快速更新並保持非常接近上遊。 -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue 及其變體 不同於 Fedora Workstation ，它們用更多功能替換了[DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/)套件管理器進階替代方案，名稱為[` rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/)。 `rpm-ostree` 套件管理器的工作原理是下載系統的基本映像，然後將套件覆蓋在類似 [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)的提交樹中。 當系統更新時，會下載新的基本影像，並將疊加層應用於該新影像。 +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). -更新完成後，您將重新啟動系統進入新的部署。 `rpm-ostree` 保留系統的兩個部署，以便在新部署中出現故障時可以輕鬆回滾。 還可以根據需要固定更多部署。 +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. -[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) 是這些發行版本的主要套件安裝方式，而 `rpm-ostree` 只用在基礎映像上疊加那些無法留在容器的套件。 +After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. -作為 Flatpaks 替代品， [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/)可以建立 [Podman](https://podman.io) 容器，與主機系統共用主目與仿傳統 Fedora 環境。挑剔的開發者 [喜歡這個功能](https://containertoolbx.org)。 +[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is the primary package installation method on these distributions, as `rpm-ostree` is only meant to overlay packages that cannot stay inside of a container on top of the base image. + +As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) to create [Podman](https://podman.io) containers with a shared home directory with the host operating system and mimic a traditional Fedora environment, which is a [useful feature](https://containertoolbx.org) for the discerning developer. ### NixOS @@ -113,15 +114,15 @@ NixOS 是基於 Nix套件管理器的獨立發行版，專注於可重複性和
-NixOS’ 套件管理器 將各個套件版本儲存在**Nix store** 底下不同的資料夾。 因此，您可以在系統上安裝相同套件的不同版本。 套件內容寫入資料夾後，該資料夾會變成唯讀。 +NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. -NixOS 還提供原子更新：它會下載或(建立)新系統生成需要的套件和檔案，然後切換到新系統。 有不同的方法來切換到新代系統：讓 NixOS 重新啟動時激活它，或者在運行時切換。 也可以在運行時間切換到新代系統來 *測試*，但不將它設成當前系統。 如果更新過程中出現打斷，可以重新啟動並自動返回到系統的工作版本。 +NixOS also provides atomic updates; first it downloads (or builds) the packages and files for the new system generation and then switches to it. There are different ways to switch to a new generation; you can tell NixOS to activate it after reboot or you can switch to it at runtime. You can also *test* the new generation by switching to it at runtime, but not setting it as the current system generation. If something in the update process breaks, you can just reboot and automatically and return to a working version of your system. -Nix 套件管理器使用純函數式語言（也稱為Nix ）來定義套件。 +Nix the package manager uses a purely functional language - which is also called Nix - to define packages. -[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) （套件的主要來源）包含在單一的 GitHub 儲存庫中。 您也可以用相同的語言定義自己的套件，然後輕鬆地將它們包含在您的配置中。 +[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (the main source of packages) are contained in a single GitHub repository. You can also define your own packages in the same language and then easily include them in your config. -Nix是一個基於源的套件管理器；如果二進位快取中沒有預先構建的可用性， Nix 只會使用其定義從源構建套件。 它在沙盒 *純* 環境中構建每個套件，盡可能獨立於主機系統，從而使二進制文件可重現。 +Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in the binary cache, Nix will just build the package from source using its definition. It builds each package in a sandboxed *pure* environment, which is as independent of the host system as possible, thus making binaries reproducible. ## 以匿名爲重點的發行版 @@ -142,11 +143,11 @@ Nix是一個基於源的套件管理器；如果二進位快取中沒有預先
-Whonix 運行兩個虛擬機器：一個“工作站”和一個 Tor “閘道”。 來自工作站的所有通訊都必須通過 Tor 閘道。 這意味著，即使工作站受到某種惡意軟體的破壞，真實的IP地址仍然隱藏。 +Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. -它的一些功能包括 Tor Stream Isolation ， [按鍵匿名](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak)， [加密交換](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator)以及加固的記憶體分配器。 Whonix 未來版本可能包括 [完整系統 AppArmor](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) 和 [個沙盒應用程式啟動器](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) ，以完全限制系統上的所有進程。 +Some of its features include Tor Stream Isolation, [keystroke anonymization](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [encrypted swap](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), and a hardened memory allocator. Future versions of Whonix will likely include [full system AppArmor policies](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) and a [sandbox app launcher](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) to fully confine all processes on the system. -Whonix 最好能與 [Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use_Qubes_over_other_Virtualizers) 合併使用。 我們 [曾建議](os/qubes-overview.md#connecting-to-tor-via-a-vpn) on configuring in conjunction with a VPN 在 Qubes 底下與 ProxyVM 一起設定 Whonix 以便能對 ISP 隱瞞 Tor 的活動狀況。 +Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use_Qubes_over_other_Virtualizers). We have a [recommended guide](os/qubes-overview.md#connecting-to-tor-via-a-vpn) on configuring Whonix in conjunction with a VPN ProxyVM in Qubes to hide your Tor activities from your ISP. ### Tails @@ -164,11 +165,11 @@ Whonix 最好能與 [Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use_Qubes_over
-由於失憶功能(意指沒有寫入磁碟)，Tails 非常適合對抗資料探集；然而，它不像 Whonix 那樣是硬化發行版。 它缺乏 Whonix 的許多匿名和安全功能，並且更新頻率較低（每六周一次）。 被惡意軟體入侵的 Tails 系統可能會繞過透明代理，使用戶去匿名化。 +Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. -Tails Tor 瀏覽器預設包含 [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) ，這可能會使對手更容易指紋識別 Tails 用戶。 [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) 虛擬機器可能更為防洩漏may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, ，但它沒有失憶功能，因此資料可以從儲存設備上進行恢復。 +Tails includes [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser by default, which may potentially make it easier for adversaries to fingerprint Tails users. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtual machines may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, meaning data may be recovered from your storage device. -設計上， Tails 每次重新啟動後意謂將完全重置。 加密 [永久存儲](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) 可以配置來存儲一些資料。 +By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypted [persistent storage](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) can be configured to store some data between reboots. ## 以安全爲重點的發行版 @@ -191,13 +192,13 @@ Tails Tor 瀏覽器預設包含 [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origi
-Qubes OS 作業系統將子系統（例如網絡、USB等）和應用程式隔離在個別的 *qubes*以保護電腦。 如果系統的一部分被破壞，其餘的 *qubes*與核心系統仍受到保護。 +Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. -有關 Oubes 運作的進一步資訊，請參考我們完整的 [Qubes OS 介紹](os/qubes-overview.md) 頁面。 +For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview](os/qubes-overview.md) page. ### Kicksecure -雖然我們在大多數情況下[建議不要](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle)使用“永遠過時”的發行版，例如用於桌面的 Debian，但 Kicksecure 是一個基於 Debian 的操作系統，其功能已強化，遠遠超出了典型的 Linux 安裝。 +While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install.
@@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ Qubes OS 作業系統將子系統（例如網絡、USB等）和應用程式隔 ## 標準 -選擇適合您的 Linux 發行版取決於個人喜好差異，本頁**並非**是每一款發行版的詳盡列表。 我們在 Linux 介紹頁有更詳細的 [如何選擇發行版本](os/linux-overview.md#choosing-your-distribution) 的說明。 *這個*頁面上的發行版通常都遵循我們介紹的指南，且都滿足以下標準： +Choosing a Linux distro that is right for you will come down to a huge variety of personal preferences, and this page is **not** meant to be an exhaustive list of every viable distribution. Our Linux overview page has some advice on [choosing a distro](os/linux-overview.md#choosing-your-distribution) in more detail. The distros on *this* page do all generally follow the guidelines we covered there, and all meet these standards: - 免費且開放原始碼。 - 必須定期接收軟體和內核更新。 @@ -230,4 +231,4 @@ Qubes OS 作業系統將子系統（例如網絡、USB等）和應用程式隔 - 偏好較大型的專案。 - 維護作業系統是一項大挑戰，小型專案往往會犯更多可避免的錯誤，或延遲重大更新（或更糟糕的是，很快就完全消失）。 我們傾向於至少可維持10 年的專案（無論是由於公司支持還是非常重要的社區支持），而不是手工構建或只有少數維護人員的專案。 -此外，[我們推薦專案的一般準則](about/criteria.md) 仍然適用。 **請注意我們和所推薦的服務商沒有任何利害關係。** +In addition, [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md) for recommended projects still applies. **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md index 9f49b37f..3a199496 100644 --- a/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md +++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md @@ -456,10 +456,10 @@ description: Privacy Guides 是最透明和可靠的網站，用於尋找保護
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails) diff --git a/i18n/zh/desktop.md b/i18n/zh/desktop.md index 57bbe261..0b7300e9 100644 --- a/i18n/zh/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/zh/desktop.md @@ -73,29 +73,30 @@ Arch Linux有一个滚动的发布周期。 没有固定的发布时间表，软 ## 不变的发行版 -### Fedora Silverblue +### Fedora Atomic Desktops
-![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ align=right } -**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. +**Fedora Atomic Desktops** are the immutable variants of Fedora with a strong focus on containerized workflows and Flatpak for desktop applications. All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. -[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } -[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/atomic-desktops/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute }
-Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). `rpm-ostree` 软件包管理器的工作方式是为系统下载一个基本镜像，然后在一个 [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree中叠加软件包。 当系统更新时，会下载一个新的基本图像，覆盖物将被应用于该新图像。 +The [Fedora Atomic Desktops](https://fedoramagazine.org/introducing-fedora-atomic-desktops/) come in a variety of flavors depending on the desktop environment you prefer, such as **Fedora Silverblue** (which comes with [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/)), **Fedora Kinoite**, (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)), **Fedora Sway Atomic**, or **Fedora Budgie Atomic**. However, we don't recommend the last of these as the Budgie desktop environment [still requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). -更新完成后，你将重新启动系统进入新的部署。 `rpm-ostree` 保持系统的两个部署，这样如果在新的部署中出现问题，你可以很容易地回滚。 还可以根据需要选择钉更多的部署。 +These operating systems differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. -[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) 是这些发行版上的主要软件包安装方法，因为 `rpm-ostree` 只是为了在基础镜像上叠加那些不能留在容器内的软件包。 +After the update is complete you will reboot the system into the new deployment. `rpm-ostree` keeps two deployments of the system so that you can easily rollback if something breaks in the new deployment. There is also the option to pin more deployments as needed. -作为Flatpaks的替代方案，可以选择 [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) ，创建 [Podman](https://podman.io) 容器，与主机操作系统共享主目录，模仿传统的Fedora环境，这对有眼光的开发者来说是一个 [有用的功能](https://containertoolbx.org)。 +[Flatpak](https://www.flatpak.org) is the primary package installation method on these distributions, as `rpm-ostree` is only meant to overlay packages that cannot stay inside of a container on top of the base image. + +As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/) to create [Podman](https://podman.io) containers with a shared home directory with the host operating system and mimic a traditional Fedora environment, which is a [useful feature](https://containertoolbx.org) for the discerning developer. ### NixOS @@ -113,15 +114,15 @@ NixOS是一个基于Nix软件包管理器的独立发行版，注重可重复性
-NixOS的软件包管理器将每个软件包的每个版本保存在 **Nix商店的不同文件夹中**。 由于这个原因，你可以在你的系统上安装同一软件包的不同版本。 在包的内容被写入文件夹后，该文件夹被变成只读。 +NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. -NixOS还提供了原子式更新；首先它下载（或构建）新一代系统的软件包和文件，然后切换到它。 有不同的方法来切换到新一代；你可以告诉NixOS在重启后激活它，或者你可以在运行时切换到它。 你也可以 *测试* ，在运行时切换到新的一代，但不把它设置为当前系统的一代。 如果在更新过程中出现了什么问题，你可以直接重新启动，并自动返回到你的系统的工作版本。 +NixOS also provides atomic updates; first it downloads (or builds) the packages and files for the new system generation and then switches to it. There are different ways to switch to a new generation; you can tell NixOS to activate it after reboot or you can switch to it at runtime. You can also *test* the new generation by switching to it at runtime, but not setting it as the current system generation. If something in the update process breaks, you can just reboot and automatically and return to a working version of your system. -Nix软件包管理器使用一种纯粹的函数式语言--它也被称为Nix--来定义软件包。 +Nix the package manager uses a purely functional language - which is also called Nix - to define packages. -[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) （软件包的主要来源）包含在一个GitHub仓库中。 你也可以用同样的语言定义你自己的包，然后轻松地将它们纳入你的配置中。 +[Nixpkgs](https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs) (the main source of packages) are contained in a single GitHub repository. You can also define your own packages in the same language and then easily include them in your config. -Nix是一个基于源代码的软件包管理器；如果在二进制缓存中没有预置的可用软件包，Nix将直接使用其定义从源代码中构建软件包。 它在一个沙盒式的 *纯* 环境中构建每个软件包，该环境尽可能地独立于主机系统，从而使二进制文件可以重现。 +Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in the binary cache, Nix will just build the package from source using its definition. It builds each package in a sandboxed *pure* environment, which is as independent of the host system as possible, thus making binaries reproducible. ## 以匿名为重点的发行版 @@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ Nix是一个基于源代码的软件包管理器；如果在二进制缓存中
-Whonix旨在作为两个虚拟机运行：一个 "工作站 "和一个Tor "网关"。 工作站的所有通信都必须通过Tor网关。 这意味着，即使工作站被某种恶意软件入侵，真实的IP地址仍然是隐藏的。 +Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. Some of its features include Tor Stream Isolation, [keystroke anonymization](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Keystroke_Deanonymization#Kloak), [encrypted swap](https://github.com/Whonix/swap-file-creator), and a hardened memory allocator. Future versions of Whonix will likely include [full system AppArmor policies](https://github.com/Whonix/apparmor-profile-everything) and a [sandbox app launcher](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Sandbox-app-launcher) to fully confine all processes on the system. @@ -164,11 +165,11 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube
-Tails由于具有失忆功能（意味着没有任何东西被写入磁盘），对于反取证来说是非常好的；然而，它并不是像Whonix那样的加固发行版。 它缺乏Whonix所具有的许多匿名和安全功能，而且更新频率更低（每六周才更新一次）。 被恶意软件入侵的Tails系统可能会绕过透明代理，允许用户去匿名化。 +Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. -Tails默认在Tor浏览器中包括 [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) ，这有可能使对手更容易对Tails用户进行指纹识别。 [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) 虚拟机可能更加防漏，然而它们不是失忆的，这意味着数据可能会从你的存储设备中恢复。 +Tails includes [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) in Tor Browser by default, which may potentially make it easier for adversaries to fingerprint Tails users. [Whonix](desktop.md#whonix) virtual machines may be more leak-proof, however they are not amnesic, meaning data may be recovered from your storage device. -在设计上，Tails是为了在每次重启后完全重置自己。 加密的 [持久性存储](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) ，可以配置为在重启之间存储一些数据。 +By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypted [persistent storage](https://tails.boum.org/doc/persistent_storage/index.en.html) can be configured to store some data between reboots. ## 以安全为重点的发行版 diff --git a/i18n/zh/tools.md b/i18n/zh/tools.md index e5b18141..f3199e88 100644 --- a/i18n/zh/tools.md +++ b/i18n/zh/tools.md @@ -463,10 +463,10 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ .twemoji } [Qubes OS (Xen VM Distribution)](desktop.md#qubes-os) -- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Workstation](desktop.md#fedora-workstation) - ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ .twemoji } [OpenSUSE Tumbleweed](desktop.md#opensuse-tumbleweed) - ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ .twemoji } [Arch Linux](desktop.md#arch-linux) -- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Silverblue & Kinoite](desktop.md#fedora-silverblue) +- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora.svg){ .twemoji } [Fedora Atomic Desktops](desktop.md#fedora-atomic-desktops) - ![nixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ .twemoji } [NixOS](desktop.md#nixos) - ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ .twemoji } [Whonix (Tor)](desktop.md#whonix) - ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ .twemoji } [Tails (Live Boot)](desktop.md#tails)