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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ meta_title: "Android Recommendations: GrapheneOS and DivestOS - Privacy Guides"
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title: "安卓"
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icon: 'simple/android'
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description: You can replace the operating system on your Android phone with these secure and privacy-respecting alternatives.
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cover: android.png
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cover: android.webp
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schema:
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-
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"@context": http://schema.org
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@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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title: "VPN供应商"
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icon: material/calendar
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description: Calendars contain some of your most sensitive data; use products that implement encryption at rest.
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cover: calendar.png
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cover: calendar.webp
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---
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日历包含一些最敏感的数据;使用静态实现E2EE的产品，以防止提供商读取它们。
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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ meta_title: "The Best Private and Secure Cloud Storage Providers - Privacy Guide
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title: "路由器固件"
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icon: material/file-cloud
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description: Many cloud storage providers require your trust that they will not look at your files. These are private alternatives!
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cover: cloud.png
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cover: cloud.webp
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---
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许多云存储供应商需要你完全信任他们不会查看你的文件。 The alternatives listed below eliminate the need for trust by implementing secure E2EE.
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@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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meta_title: "Private Cryptocurrency Blockchains - Privacy Guides"
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title: Cryptocurrency
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icon: material/bank-circle
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cover: cryptocurrency.png
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cover: cryptocurrency.webp
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---
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Making payments online is one of the biggest challenges to privacy. These cryptocurrencies provide transaction privacy by default (something which is **not** guaranteed by the majority of cryptocurrencies), provided you have a strong understanding of how to make private payments effectively. We strongly encourage you first read our payments overview article before making any purchases:
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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ meta_title: "Remove PII with Metadata Scrubbers and Data Redaction Tools - Priva
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title: "日历/联系人同步"
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icon: material/tag-remove
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description: Use these tools to remove metadata like GPS location and other identifying information from photos and files you share.
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cover: data-redaction.png
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cover: data-redaction.webp
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---
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共享文件时，请务必删除关联的元数据。 图像文件通常包括 [Exif](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exif) 数据。 照片有时甚至包括文件元数据中的GPS坐标。
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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ meta_title: "Privacy Respecting Web Browsers for PC and Mac - Privacy Guides"
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title: "电脑浏览器"
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icon: material/laptop
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description: These web browsers provide stronger privacy protections than Google Chrome.
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cover: desktop-browsers.png
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cover: desktop-browsers.webp
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schema:
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-
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"@context": http://schema.org
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title: "Android 应用"
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icon: simple/linux
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description: 由于隐私保护和软件自由，Linux发行版被普遍推荐。
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cover: desktop.png
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cover: desktop.webp
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---
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由于隐私保护和软件自由，Linux发行版被普遍推荐。 如果你还没有使用Linux，下面是我们建议尝试的一些发行版，以及一些适用于许多Linux发行版的一般隐私和安全改进提示。
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title: "DNS解析器"
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icon: material/dns
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description: These are some encrypted DNS providers we recommend switching to, to replace your ISP's default configuration.
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cover: dns.png
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cover: dns.webp
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---
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Encrypted DNS with third-party servers should only be used to get around basic [DNS blocking](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_blocking) when you can be sure there won't be any consequences. 加密的DNS不会帮助你隐藏任何浏览活动。
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@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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title: "笔记"
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icon: material/email-open
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description: These email clients are privacy-respecting and support OpenPGP email encryption.
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cover: email-clients.png
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cover: email-clients.webp
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---
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Our recommendation list contains email clients that support both [OpenPGP](encryption.md#openpgp) and strong authentication such as [Open Authorization (OAuth)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OAuth). OAuth allows you to use [Multi-Factor Authentication](basics/multi-factor-authentication.md) and prevent account theft.
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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ meta_title: "Encrypted Private Email Recommendations - Privacy Guides"
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title: "Email Services"
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icon: material/email
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description: These email providers offer a great place to store your emails securely, and many offer interoperable OpenPGP encryption with other providers.
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cover: email.png
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cover: email.webp
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---
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电子邮件实际上是使用任何在线服务的必需品，但我们不建议使用它进行人与人之间的对话。 与其使用电子邮件与他人联系，不如考虑使用支持前向保密的即时通讯媒介。
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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ meta_title: "Recommended Encryption Software: VeraCrypt, Cryptomator, PicoCrypt,
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title: "加密软件"
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icon: material/file-lock
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description: 对数据进行加密是控制谁能访问数据的唯一方法。 These tools allow you to encrypt your emails and any other files.
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cover: encryption.png
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cover: encryption.webp
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---
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对数据进行加密是控制谁能访问数据的唯一方法。 如果你目前没有对你的硬盘、电子邮件或文件使用加密软件，你应该在这里挑选一个选项。
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@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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title: "加密软件"
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icon: material/share-variant
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description: Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your friends and family, or anonymously online.
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cover: file-sharing.png
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cover: file-sharing.webp
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---
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Discover how to privately share your files between your devices, with your friends and family, or anonymously online.
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@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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---
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title: Financial Services
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icon: material/bank
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cover: financial-services.png
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cover: financial-services.webp
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---
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Making payments online is one of the biggest challenges to privacy. These services can assist you in protecting your privacy from merchants and other trackers, provided you have a strong understanding of how to make private payments effectively. We strongly encourage you first read our payments overview article before making any purchases:
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title: "文件共享"
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icon: material/flip-to-front
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description: These open-source frontends for various internet services allow you to access content without JavaScript or other annoyances.
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cover: frontends.png
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cover: frontends.webp
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---
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有时，一些服务会用烦人的弹窗阻止你访问内容，以此来强迫你注册账户。 此时如果停用JavaScript网站也会崩溃。 这些前端应用可以帮助你绕过这些限制。
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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ meta_title: "Privacy Respecting Mobile Web Browsers for Android and iOS - Privac
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title: "移动浏览器"
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icon: material/cellphone-information
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description: These browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on your phone.
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cover: mobile-browsers.png
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cover: mobile-browsers.webp
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schema:
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-
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"@context": http://schema.org
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title: "Multi-Factor Authenticators"
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icon: '资料/双因认证'
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description: These tools assist you with securing your internet accounts with Multi-Factor Authentication without sending your secrets to a third-party.
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cover: multi-factor-authentication.png
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cover: multi-factor-authentication.webp
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---
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## 硬件安全密钥
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title: "多因素认证工具"
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icon: material/rss
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description: These news aggregator clients let you keep up with your favorite blogs and news sites using internet standards like RSS.
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cover: news-aggregators.png
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cover: news-aggregators.webp
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---
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A [news aggregator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_aggregator) is a way to keep up with your favorite blogs and news sites.
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title: "Notebooks"
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icon: material/notebook-edit-outline
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description: These encrypted note-taking apps let you keep track of your notes without giving them to a third-party.
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cover: notebooks.png
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cover: notebooks.webp
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---
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Keep track of your notes and journalings without giving them to a third-party.
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@@ -118,12 +118,6 @@ Decide whether you want personalized ads based on your usage.
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- [ ] Uncheck **Personalized Ads**
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##### 安全性
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Apps from the App Store are subject to stricter security guidelines, such as stricter sandboxing. If the only apps you need are available from the App Store, change the **Allow applications downloaded from** setting to **App Store** to prevent accidentally running other apps. This is a good option particularly if you are configuring a machine for other, less technical users such as children.
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If you choose to also allow applications from identified developers, be careful about the apps you run and where you obtain them.
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##### FileVault
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On modern devices with a Secure Enclave (Apple T2 Security Chip, Apple silicon), your data is always encrypted, but is decrypted automatically by a hardware key if your device doesn't detect it's been tampered with. Enabling FileVault additionally requires your password to decrypt your data, greatly improving security, especially when powered off or before the first login after powering on.
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@@ -140,17 +134,21 @@ On older Intel-based Mac computers, FileVault is the only form of disk encryptio
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### MAC地址随机化
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Unlike iOS, macOS doesn't give you an option to randomize your MAC address in the settings, so you'll need to do it with a command or a script.
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macOS uses a randomized MAC address when performing Wi-Fi scans while disconnected from a network. However, when you connect to a preferred Wi-Fi network, the MAC address used is never randomized. Full MAC address randomization is an advanced topic, and most people don't need to worry about performing the following steps.
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You open up your Terminal and enter this command to randomize your MAC address:
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Unlike iOS, macOS doesn't give you an option to randomize your MAC address in the settings, so if you wish to change this identifier, you'll need to do it with a command or a script. To set a random MAC address, first disconnect from the network if you're already connected, then open **Terminal** and enter this command to randomize your MAC address:
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``` zsh
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openssl rand -hex 6 | sed 's/\(..\)/\1:/g; s/.$//' | xargs sudo ifconfig en1 ether
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openssl rand -hex 6 | sed 's/^\(.\{1\}\)./\12/; s/\(..\)/\1:/g; s/.$//' | xargs sudo ifconfig en0 ether
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```
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en1 is the name of the interface you're changing the MAC address for. This might not be the right one on every Mac, so to check you can hold the option key and click the Wi-Fi symbol at the top right of your screen.
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`en0` is the name of the interface you're changing the MAC address for. This might not be the right one on every Mac, so to check you can hold the option key and click the Wi-Fi symbol at the top right of your screen. "Interface name" should be displayed at the top of the dropdown menu.
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This will be reset on reboot.
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This command sets your MAC address to a randomized, "locally administered" address, matching the behavior of iOS, Windows, and Android's MAC address randomization features. This means that every character in the MAC address is fully randomized except the second character, which denotes the MAC address as *locally administered* and not in conflict with any actual hardware. This method is most compatible with modern networks. An alternative method is to set the first six characters of the MAC address to one of Apple's existing *Organizational Unique Identifiers*, which we'll leave as an exercise to the reader. That method is more likely to conflict with some networks, but may be less noticeable. Given the prevalence of randomized, locally administered MAC addresses in other modern operating systems, we don't think either method has significant privacy advantages over the other.
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When you connect to the network again, you'll connect with a random MAC address. This will be reset on reboot.
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Your MAC address is not the only unique information about your device which is broadcast on the network, your hostname is another piece of information which could uniquely identify you. You may wish to set your hostname to something generic like "MacBook Air", "Laptop", "John's MacBook Pro", or "iPhone" in **System Settings** > **General** > **Sharing**. Some [privacy scripts](https://github.com/sunknudsen/privacy-guides/tree/master/how-to-spoof-mac-address-and-hostname-automatically-at-boot-on-macos#guide) allow you to easily generate hostnames with random names.
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## Security Protections
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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ meta_title: "The Best Password Managers to Protect Your Privacy and Security - P
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title: "生产力工具"
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icon: material/form-textbox-password
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description: Password managers allow you to securely store and manage passwords and other credentials.
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cover: passwords.png
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cover: passwords.webp
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schema:
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-
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"@context": http://schema.org
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title: "实时通讯"
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icon: material/file-sign
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description: Most online office suites do not support E2EE, meaning the cloud provider has access to everything you do.
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cover: productivity.png
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cover: productivity.webp
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---
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Most online office suites do not support E2EE, meaning the cloud provider has access to everything you do. The privacy policy may legally protect your rights, but it does not provide technical access constraints.
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title: "实时通讯"
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icon: material/chat-processing
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description: Other instant messengers make all of your private conversations available to the company that runs them.
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cover: real-time-communication.png
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cover: real-time-communication.webp
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---
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这些是我们对加密实时通讯的建议。
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title: "Router Firmware"
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icon: material/router-wireless
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description: These alternative operating systems can be used to secure your router or Wi-Fi access point.
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cover: router.png
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cover: router.webp
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---
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Below are a few alternative operating systems, that can be used on routers, Wi-Fi access points, etc.
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title: "Search Engines"
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icon: material/search-web
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description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
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cover: search-engines.png
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cover: search-engines.webp
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---
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Use a search engine that doesn't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
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title: "桌面端浏览器"
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icon: simple/torproject
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description: Protect your internet browsing from prying eyes by using the Tor network, a secure network which circumvents censorship.
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cover: tor.png
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cover: tor.webp
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schema:
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-
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"@context": http://schema.org
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title: "VPN Services"
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icon: 资料/vpn
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description: These are the best VPN services for protecting your privacy and security online. Find a provider here that isn’t out to spy on you.
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cover: vpn.png
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cover: vpn.webp
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---
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If you're looking for additional **privacy** from your ISP, on a public Wi-Fi network, or while torrenting files, a VPN may be the solution for you as long as you understand the risks involved. We think these providers are a cut above the rest:
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