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---
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meta_title: "最佳 Android 作業系統 - Privacy Guides"
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title: "替代作業系統"
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title: 替代作業系統
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description: 您可以使用這些安全且尊重隱私的替代方案來取代 Android 手機上的作業系統。
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schema:
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- "@context": http://schema.org
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@@ -44,17 +44,21 @@ robots: nofollow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large
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GrapheneOS 提供了額外的 [安全強化](https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%BC%B7%E5%8C%96) 和 隱私改進。 它有 [加固的記憶體分配器](https://github.com/GrapheneOS/hardened_malloc),網路、傳感器權限與各式[安全改進](https://grapheneos.org/features). GrapheneOS 還帶有完整的軔體更新與已簽名的構建版本,因此完全支援 Verified Boot 。
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[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://grapheneos.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://grapheneos.org/faq#privacy-policy){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://grapheneos.org/faq){ .card-link title=文檔}
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://grapheneos.org/source){ .card-link title="原始碼" }
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[:octicons-heart-16:](https://grapheneos.org/donate){ .card-link title=捐款 }
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[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://grapheneos.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
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[:octicons-eye-16:](https://grapheneos.org/faq#privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
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[:octicons-info-16:](https://grapheneos.org/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
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[:octicons-code-16:](https://grapheneos.org/source){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
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[:octicons-heart-16:](https://grapheneos.org/donate){ .card-link title="Contribute" }
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</div>
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GrapheneOS 支援 [沙盒化 Google Play](https://grapheneos.org/usage#sandboxed-google-play) ,他將 Google Play 服務 完全沙盒化,使其如同其他常規應用程式一樣運行。 這意味著可正常使用大多數 Google Play 服務 所提供的功能,像是 推送通知 ,同時讓您完全控制其存取能力和權限,並將其包含在所選的特定 [工作設定檔](../os/android-overview.md#work-profile) 或 [使用者設定檔](../os/android-overview.md#user-profiles) 。
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[Google Pixel系列](../mobile-phones.md#google-pixel) 是目前唯一符合 GrapheneOS [硬體安全要求](https://grapheneos.org/faq#future-devices) 的裝置。
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[Google Pixel phones](../mobile-phones.md#google-pixel) are the only devices that currently meet GrapheneOS's [hardware security requirements](https://grapheneos.org/faq#future-devices). The Pixel 8 and later support ARM's Memory Tagging Extension (MTE), a hardware security enhancement that drastically lowers the probability of exploits occurring through memory corruption bugs. GrapheneOS greatly expands the coverage of MTE on supported devices. Whereas the stock OS only allows you to opt in to a limited implementation of MTE via a developer option or Google's Advanced Protection Program, GrapheneOS features a more robust implementation of MTE by default in the system kernel, default system components, and their Vanadium web browser and its WebView.
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GrapheneOS also provides a global toggle for enabling MTE on all user-installed apps at :gear: **Settings** → **Security & privacy** → **Exploit protection** → **Memory tagging** → **Enable by default**. The OS also features per-app toggles to opt out of MTE for apps which may crash due to compatibility issues.
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### Connectivity Checks
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預設情況下,Android 會與 Google 進行許多網路連線,以執行 DNS 連線檢查、同步目前的網路時間、檢查您的網路連線,以及其他許多背景工作。 GrapheneOS 不這麼做,他們通過讓作業系統與由其團隊所擁有的伺服器通訊來完成上述工作,這些伺服器遵守他們的隱私權政策 這能向 [Google](../basics/common-threats.md#privacy-from-service-providers) 隱藏您的資訊(例如:IP位置),但這意味著您的網路管理員或 ISP 的很容易看到您正在連線到 `grapheneos.network`、`grapheneos.org` 等,並推斷出您使用的作業系統。
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---
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title: "手機"
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title: 手機
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icon: material/cellphone-check
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description: 這些行動裝置為客製化 Android 作業系統提供最佳的硬體安全支援。
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cover: android.webp
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</div>
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## 採購建議
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## General Purchasing Advice
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購買裝置時,我們建議盡可能購買全新的裝置。 行動裝置的軟體和韌體只能支援一段有限的時間,因此購買新裝置可以儘可能延長使用期限。
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@@ -72,11 +72,15 @@ Google Pixel 手機是我們**唯一**推薦購買的裝置。 Pixel 手機擁
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</div>
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Titan M2 之類的安全元件比其他大多數手機所使用的處理器可信執行環境更為有限,因為它們僅用於機密儲存、硬體驗證和速率限制,而非執行「可信賴」的程式。 沒有安全元件的手機必須使用 TEE 來執行**所有**這些功能,因此會產生較大的攻擊面。
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### 硬體安全
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Secure Elements like the Titan M2 are more limited than the processor's Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) used by most other phones as they are only used for secrets storage, hardware attestation, and rate limiting, not for running "trusted" programs. 沒有安全元件的手機必須使用 TEE 來執行**所有**這些功能,因此會產生較大的攻擊面。
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Google Pixel 手機使用的 TEE OS 名為 Trusty,與許多其他手機不同,它是[開放原始碼](https://source.android.com/security/trusty#whyTrusty)的。
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使用他們的 [線上安裝程式](https://grapheneos.org/install/web),在 Pixel 手機上安裝 GrapheneOS 非常簡單。 如果您不習慣自己動手,又願意多花一點錢,可以看看 [NitroPhone](https://shop.nitrokey.com/shop),因為它們預載了來自聲譽良好的 [Nitrokey](https://nitrokey.com/about) 公司的 GrapheneOS。
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The Pixel 8 series and later supports ARM's Memory Tagging Extension ([MTE](https://developer.arm.com/documentation/108035/0100/Introduction-to-the-Memory-Tagging-Extension)), a hardware security enhancement that drastically lowers the probability of exploits occurring through memory corruption bugs. The stock Pixel OS allows you to enable MTE for supported apps through Google's Advanced Protection Program or via a developer option, but its usability is quite limited. [GrapheneOS](android/distributions.md#grapheneos), an alternative Android OS we recommend, greatly improves the usability and coverage of MTE in its implementation of the feature.
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### Buying a Google Pixel
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還有一些購買 Google Pixel 的小提醒:
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這表示裝置使用時間越長,每天的成本就越低。
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- 如果您所在的地區沒有 Pixel,[NitroPhone](https://shop.nitrokey.com/shop) 可以全球配送。
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使用他們的 [線上安裝程式](https://grapheneos.org/install/web),在 Pixel 手機上安裝 GrapheneOS 非常簡單。 如果您不習慣自己動手,又願意多花一點錢,可以看看 [NitroPhone](https://shop.nitrokey.com/shop),因為它們預載了來自聲譽良好的 [Nitrokey](https://nitrokey.com/about) 公司的 GrapheneOS。
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## 標準
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\*\*請注意,我們與推薦的任何項目均無關。\*\*除了[我們的通用標準](about/criteria.md)外,我們還制定了一套明確的要求,以便我們能夠提供客觀的建議。 我們建議您在選擇使用專案前先熟悉此清單,並自行研究,以確保它是適合您的選擇。
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@@ -143,6 +143,7 @@ Android 7 及以上版本支援 VPN kill switch,無需安裝第三方應用程
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- 僅允許從 Google Play 商店、作業系統供應商的應用程式商店安裝應用程式(即便是 [`adb`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Debug_Bridge) 安裝 也不被允許)
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- 使用 [Play Protect](https://support.google.com/googleplay/answer/2812853?#zippy=%2Chow-malware-protection-works%2Chow-privacy-alerts-work) 強制自動設備掃描
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- 針對未經驗證的應用程式向您發出警告
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- Enabling ARM's hardware-based [Memory Tagging Extension (MTE)](https://developer.arm.com/documentation/108035/0100/Introduction-to-the-Memory-Tagging-Extension) for supported apps, which lowers the likelihood of device exploits happening through memory corruption bugs
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### Google Play 系统更新
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