From b443e240f1cc48f0c20830fa351966c8f70dd776 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Crowdin Bot Date: Sat, 10 Feb 2024 15:31:27 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] New Crowdin translations by GitHub Action --- i18n/ar/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/ar/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/ar/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/bn-IN/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/bn-IN/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/bn-IN/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/bn/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/bn/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/bn/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/cs/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/cs/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/cs/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/de/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/de/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/de/search-engines.md | 118 +++++++++++-------- i18n/el/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/el/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/el/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/eo/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/eo/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/eo/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/es/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/es/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/es/search-engines.md | 116 +++++++++++-------- i18n/fa/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/fa/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/fa/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/fr/desktop.md | 194 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/fr/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/fr/search-engines.md | 118 +++++++++++-------- i18n/he/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/he/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/he/search-engines.md | 116 +++++++++++-------- i18n/hi/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/hi/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/hi/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/hu/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/hu/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/hu/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/id/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/id/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/id/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/it/desktop.md | 198 +++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/it/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/it/search-engines.md | 116 +++++++++++-------- i18n/ja/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/ja/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/ja/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/ko/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/ko/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/ko/search-engines.md | 116 +++++++++++-------- i18n/ku-IQ/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/ku-IQ/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/ku-IQ/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/nl/desktop.md | 192 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/nl/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/nl/search-engines.md | 116 +++++++++++-------- i18n/pl/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/pl/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/pl/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/pt-BR/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/pt-BR/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/pt-BR/search-engines.md | 116 +++++++++++-------- i18n/pt/desktop.md | 189 +++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/pt/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/pt/search-engines.md | 120 +++++++++++-------- i18n/ru/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/ru/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/ru/search-engines.md | 116 +++++++++++-------- i18n/sv/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/sv/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/sv/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/tr/desktop.md | 198 +++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/tr/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/tr/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/uk/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/uk/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/uk/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- i18n/vi/desktop.md | 184 +++++++++++++++++------------ i18n/vi/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/vi/search-engines.md | 119 +++++++++++-------- i18n/zh-Hant/desktop.md | 198 +++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/zh-Hant/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/zh-Hant/search-engines.md | 117 +++++++++++-------- i18n/zh/desktop.md | 196 ++++++++++++++++++------------- i18n/zh/mobile-browsers.md | 22 +++- i18n/zh/search-engines.md | 112 ++++++++++-------- 87 files changed, 5841 insertions(+), 3770 deletions(-) diff --git a/i18n/ar/desktop.md b/i18n/ar/desktop.md index c5757693..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/ar/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/ar/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/ar/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/ar/mobile-browsers.md index 8d7b0e9e..d6649cbe 100644 --- a/i18n/ar/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/ar/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/ar/search-engines.md b/i18n/ar/search-engines.md index ea5b4db9..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/ar/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/ar/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/bn-IN/desktop.md b/i18n/bn-IN/desktop.md index c5757693..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/bn-IN/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/bn-IN/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/bn-IN/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/bn-IN/mobile-browsers.md index 6e1ab86e..f3c517a8 100644 --- a/i18n/bn-IN/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/bn-IN/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/bn-IN/search-engines.md b/i18n/bn-IN/search-engines.md index ea5b4db9..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/bn-IN/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/bn-IN/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/bn/desktop.md b/i18n/bn/desktop.md index c5757693..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/bn/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/bn/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/bn/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/bn/mobile-browsers.md index 8d7b0e9e..d6649cbe 100644 --- a/i18n/bn/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/bn/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/bn/search-engines.md b/i18n/bn/search-engines.md index ea5b4db9..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/bn/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/bn/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/cs/desktop.md b/i18n/cs/desktop.md index c5757693..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/cs/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/cs/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/cs/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/cs/mobile-browsers.md index 8d7b0e9e..d6649cbe 100644 --- a/i18n/cs/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/cs/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/cs/search-engines.md b/i18n/cs/search-engines.md index ea5b4db9..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/cs/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/cs/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/de/desktop.md b/i18n/de/desktop.md index c5757693..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/de/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/de/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/de/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/de/mobile-browsers.md index 33d4c7e8..fd17f1f6 100644 --- a/i18n/de/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/de/mobile-browsers.md @@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ Unter iOS [muss](https://developer.apple.com/app-store/review/guidelines) jede A ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** ist der Standard-Browser in iOS. Es umfasst [Datenschutzfunktionen](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) wie [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolierte und ephemere private Browser-Tabs, iCloud Private Relay und Maßnahmen gegen Fingerprinting, die Websites eine vereinfachte Version der Systemkonfiguration angezeigen wird, sodass mehr Geräte identisch aussehen. + **Safari** ist der Standard-Browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Webseite](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Safari & Datenschutz" } @@ -139,13 +139,27 @@ Unter iOS [muss](https://developer.apple.com/app-store/review/guidelines) jede A #### Empfohlene Konfiguration -Diese Optionen finden Sie unter :gear: **Einstellungen** → **Safari** → **Datenschutz und Sicherheit**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Verhindern von seitenübergreifendem Tracking +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Datenschutz & Sicherheit - [x] Aktivieren Sie **Cross-Sitetracking verhindern** -Dies ermöglicht WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). Die Funktion schützt vor unerwünschtem Tracking, indem sie maschinelles Lernen auf dem Gerät nutzt, um Tracker zu stoppen. Der verbesserte Schutz vor Aktivitätenverfolgung schützt vor vielen gängigen Bedrohungen, aber er blockiert nicht alle Tracking-Möglichkeiten, da er so konzipiert ist, dass die Benutzung der Webseite nicht oder nur minimal beeinträchtigt wird. + Dies ermöglicht WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). Die Funktion schützt vor unerwünschtem Tracking, indem sie maschinelles Lernen auf dem Gerät nutzt, um Tracker zu stoppen. Der verbesserte Schutz vor Aktivitätenverfolgung schützt vor vielen gängigen Bedrohungen, aber er blockiert nicht alle Tracking-Möglichkeiten, da er so konzipiert ist, dass die Benutzung der Webseite nicht oder nur minimal beeinträchtigt wird. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Datenschutzbericht diff --git a/i18n/de/search-engines.md b/i18n/de/search-engines.md index f3a8dd21..ecfc2408 100644 --- a/i18n/de/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/de/search-engines.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ --- -meta_title: "Empfohlene Suchmaschinen: Anonyme Google-Alternativen - Privacy Guides" -title: "Suchmaschinen" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" +title: "Search Engines" icon: material/search-web -description: Diese Privatsphäre respektierenden Suchmaschinen erstellen kein Werbeprofil auf der Grundlage deiner Suchanfragen. +description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp --- @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Erwäge die Verwendung eines [VPN](vpn.md) oder [Tor](https://www.torproject.org ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** wird von Brave entwickelt und liefert hauptsächlich Ergebnisse aus seinem eigenen, unabhängigen Index. Der Index ist für die Google-Suche optimiert und kann daher im Vergleich zu anderen Alternativen möglicherweise kontextgenauere Ergebnisse liefern. - - Brave Search verfügt über einzigartige Funktionen, wie etwa Diskussionen, die auf Konversationen ausgerichtete Ergebnisse wie Forenbeiträge hervorheben. - - Wir emfehlen dir, [Anonyme Nutzungsstatistiken](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) zu deaktivieren, da sie standardmäßig aktiviert sind und in den Einstellungen deaktiviert werden können. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Datenschutzbestimmungen" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Dokumentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** wird von Brave entwickelt und liefert hauptsächlich Ergebnisse aus seinem eigenen, unabhängigen Index. Der Index ist für die Google-Suche optimiert und kann daher im Vergleich zu anderen Alternativen möglicherweise kontextgenauere Ergebnisse liefern. + +Brave Search verfügt über einzigartige Funktionen, wie etwa Diskussionen, die auf Konversationen ausgerichtete Ergebnisse wie Forenbeiträge hervorheben. + +Wir emfehlen dir, [Anonyme Nutzungsstatistiken](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) zu deaktivieren, da sie standardmäßig aktiviert sind und in den Einstellungen deaktiviert werden können. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Datenschutzbestimmungen" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Dokumentation} + + + +
Brave Search hat seinen Sitz in den Vereinigten Staaten. Die [Datenschutzbestimmungen](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) besagen, dass aggregierte Nutzungsdaten gesammelt werden, zu denen auch das verwendete Betriebssystem und der verwendete Browser gehören; es werden jedoch keine personenbezogenen Daten erfasst. IP-Adressen werden temporär verarbeitet, aber nicht gespeichert. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** ist eine der gängigeren Optionen für private Suchmaschinen. Zu den erwähnenswerten Suchfunktionen von DuckDuckGo gehören [Bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) und zahlreiche [Sofortantworten](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). Die Suchmaschine stützt sich auf die kommerzielle Bing-API, um die meisten Ergebnisse zu liefern, nutzt aber auch zahlreiche [andere Quellen](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) für Sofortantworten und andere nicht primäre Ergebnisse. - - DuckDuckGo ist die Standardsuchmaschine für den Tor-Browser und eine der wenigen verfügbaren Optionen für den Safari-Browser von Apple. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Datenschutzbestimmungen" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Dokumentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** ist eine der gängigeren Optionen für private Suchmaschinen. Zu den erwähnenswerten Suchfunktionen von DuckDuckGo gehören [Bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) und zahlreiche [Sofortantworten](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). Die Suchmaschine stützt sich auf die kommerzielle Bing-API, um die meisten Ergebnisse zu liefern, nutzt aber auch zahlreiche [andere Quellen](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) für Sofortantworten und andere nicht primäre Ergebnisse. + +DuckDuckGo ist die Standardsuchmaschine für den Tor-Browser und eine der wenigen verfügbaren Optionen für den Safari-Browser von Apple. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Datenschutzbestimmungen" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Dokumentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo hat seinen Sitz in den Vereinigten Staaten. Ihre [Datenschutzbestimmungen](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) besagen, dass sie deine Suchanfragen zum Zwecke der Produktverbesserung **protokollieren**, aber weder deine IP-Adresse noch andere personenbezogene Daten speichern. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo bietet zwei [andere Versionen](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/n ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** ist eine quelloffene, selbstständig hostbare Metasuchmaschine, die die Ergebnisse anderer Suchmaschinen zusammenfasst, ohne selbst Informationen zu speichern. Es ist ein aktiv betreuter Fork von [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Öffentliche Instanzen"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** ist eine quelloffene, selbstständig hostbare Metasuchmaschine, die die Ergebnisse anderer Suchmaschinen zusammenfasst, ohne selbst Informationen zu speichern. Es ist ein aktiv betreuter Fork von [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Öffentliche Instanzen"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG ist ein Proxy zwischen dir und den Suchmaschinen, die es zusammenfasst. Deine Suchanfragen werden weiterhin an die Suchmaschinen gesendet, von denen SearXNG seine Ergebnisse bezieht. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ Wenn du eine SearXNG-Instanz verwendest, beachte unbedingt deren Datenschutzbest ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** ist eine private Suchmaschine, die dafür bekannt ist, dass sie Suchergebnisse von [Google und Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) liefert. Eine der einzigartigen Funktionen von Startpage ist die [Anonyme Ansicht](https://www.startpage.com/de/anonymous-view/), die sich bemüht, die Benutzeraktivitäten zu standardisieren, um eine eindeutige Identifizierung zu erschweren. Die Funktion kann nützlich sein, um [einige](https://support.startpage.com/hc/de/articles/4455540212116-Der-Anonyme-Ansicht-Proxy-Technische-Details) Netzwerk- und Browsereigenschaften zu verbergen. Anders als der Name vermuten lässt, sollte man sich jedoch nicht auf diese Funktion verlassen, um anonym zu bleiben. Wenn du Anonymität suchst, verwende stattdessen den [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Datenschutzbestimmungen" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Dokumentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning "Warnung" +**Startpage** ist eine private Suchmaschine, die dafür bekannt ist, dass sie Suchergebnisse von [Google und Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) liefert. Eine der einzigartigen Funktionen von Startpage ist die [Anonyme Ansicht](https://www.startpage.com/de/anonymous-view/), die sich bemüht, die Benutzeraktivitäten zu standardisieren, um eine eindeutige Identifizierung zu erschweren. Die Funktion kann nützlich sein, um [einige](https://support.startpage.com/hc/de/articles/4455540212116-Der-Anonyme-Ansicht-Proxy-Technische-Details) Netzwerk- und Browsereigenschaften zu verbergen. Anders als der Name vermuten lässt, sollte man sich jedoch nicht auf diese Funktion verlassen, um anonym zu bleiben. Wenn du Anonymität suchst, verwende stattdessen den [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser). - Startpage beschränkt regelmäßig den Zugang zu seinem Dienst auf bestimmten IP-Adressen, wie IPs, die für VPNs oder Tor reserviert sind. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) und [Brave Search](#brave-search) sind freundlichere Optionen, wenn dein Bedrohungsmodell das Verbergen deiner IP-Adresse vor dem Suchanbieter erfordert. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Datenschutzbestimmungen" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Dokumentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage beschränkt regelmäßig den Zugang zu seinem Dienst auf bestimmten IP-Adressen, wie IPs, die für VPNs oder Tor reserviert sind. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) und [Brave Search](#brave-search) sind freundlichere Optionen, wenn dein Bedrohungsmodell das Verbergen deiner IP-Adresse vor dem Suchanbieter erfordert. + +
Startpage hat seinen Sitz in den Niederlanden. Laut ihren [Datenschutzbestimmungen](https://www.startpage.com/de/privacy-policy/) protokollieren sie Details wie das Betriebssystem, den Browsertyp und die Sprache. Sie protokollieren weder die IP-Adresse noch Suchanfragen oder andere personenbezogene Daten. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Der Mehrheitsaktionär von Startpage ist System1, ein Werbeunternehmen. Wir glau **Bitte beachte, dass wir mit keinem der Projekte, die wir empfehlen, in Verbindung stehen.** Zusätzlich zu unseren [Standardkriterien](about/criteria.md) haben wir eine Reihe klarer Anforderungen entwickelt, die es uns ermöglichen, objektive Empfehlungen zu geben. Wir empfehlen dir, dich mit der Liste vertraut zu machen, bevor du dich für ein Projekt entscheidest, und deine eigenen Recherchen anzustellen, um sicherzustellen, dass es die richtige Wahl für dich ist. -!!! example "Dieser Abschnitt ist neu" +
+

This section is new

- Wir arbeiten daran, für jeden Bereich unserer Website genaue Kriterien festzulegen, die sich möglicherweise noch ändern werden. Wenn du irgendwelche Fragen zu unseren Kriterien hast, frage bitte [in unserem Forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) und gehe nicht davon aus, dass wir etwas bei unseren Empfehlungen nicht berücksichtigt haben, nur weil es hier nicht aufgeführt ist. Es gibt viele Faktoren, die berücksichtigt und diskutiert werden, wenn wir ein Projekt empfehlen, und die Dokumentation jedes einzelnen Faktors ist ein laufender Prozess. +Wir arbeiten daran, für jeden Bereich unserer Website genaue Kriterien festzulegen, die sich möglicherweise noch ändern werden. Wenn du irgendwelche Fragen zu unseren Kriterien hast, frage bitte [in unserem Forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) und gehe nicht davon aus, dass wir etwas bei unseren Empfehlungen nicht berücksichtigt haben, nur weil es hier nicht aufgeführt ist. Es gibt viele Faktoren, die berücksichtigt und diskutiert werden, wenn wir ein Projekt empfehlen, und die Dokumentation jedes einzelnen Faktors ist ein laufender Prozess. + +
### Mindestanforderungen diff --git a/i18n/el/desktop.md b/i18n/el/desktop.md index c5757693..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/el/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/el/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/el/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/el/mobile-browsers.md index 8d7b0e9e..d6649cbe 100644 --- a/i18n/el/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/el/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/el/search-engines.md b/i18n/el/search-engines.md index ea5b4db9..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/el/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/el/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/eo/desktop.md b/i18n/eo/desktop.md index c5757693..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/eo/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/eo/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/eo/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/eo/mobile-browsers.md index 8d7b0e9e..d6649cbe 100644 --- a/i18n/eo/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/eo/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/eo/search-engines.md b/i18n/eo/search-engines.md index ea5b4db9..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/eo/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/eo/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/es/desktop.md b/i18n/es/desktop.md index de84b37a..ed854aaa 100644 --- a/i18n/es/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/es/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Las distribuciones de Linux se recomiendan comúnmente para la protección de la ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** es nuestra distribución recomendada para la gente nueva en Linux. Fedora suele adoptar tecnologías más recientes antes que otras distribuciones, por ejemplo, [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). Estas nuevas tecnologías suelen venir acompañadas de mejoras en la seguridad, la privacidad y la usabilidad en general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentación} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuir} +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** es nuestra distribución recomendada para la gente nueva en Linux. Fedora suele adoptar tecnologías más recientes antes que otras distribuciones, por ejemplo, [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). Estas nuevas tecnologías suelen venir acompañadas de mejoras en la seguridad, la privacidad y la usabilidad en general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentación} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuir} + + + +
Fedora tiene un ciclo de lanzamientos semicontinuo. Mientras que algunos paquetes como [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) quedan congelados hasta la siguiente versión de Fedora, la mayoría de los paquetes (incluido el kernel) se actualizan con frecuencia durante toda la vida útil de la versión. Cada versión de Fedora recibe soporte durante un año, con una nueva versión cada 6 meses. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** es una distribución estable con actualización continua. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed cuenta con un sistema de [actualización transaccional](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) que utiliza [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) y [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) para garantizar que las copias instantáneas se puedan revertir en caso de que haya algún problema. - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentación} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuir } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** es una distribución estable con actualización continua. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed cuenta con un sistema de [actualización transaccional](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) que utiliza [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) y [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) para garantizar que las copias instantáneas se puedan revertir en caso de que haya algún problema. + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentación} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuir } + + + +
Tumbleweed sigue un modelo de actualización continua en el que cada actualización se publica como una copia instantánea de la distribución. Al actualizar el sistema, se descarga una nueva copia instantánea. Cada copia instantánea es sometida a una serie de pruebas automatizadas por [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) para garantizar su calidad. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** es una distribución ligera del estilo "hágalo usted mismo" (DIY), lo que significa que sólo obtiene lo que instala. Para obtener más información, consulte su [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentación} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuir } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** es una distribución ligera del estilo "hágalo usted mismo" (DIY), lo que significa que sólo obtiene lo que instala. Para obtener más información, consulte su [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentación} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuir } + + + +
Arch Linux tiene un ciclo de actualización continuo. No existe un calendario fijo de lanzamientos y los paquetes se actualizan con mucha frecuencia. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ Gran parte de los [paquetes de Arch Linux](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) s ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** es una variante inmutable de Fedora con un fuerte enfoque en los flujos de trabajo de contenedores y el entorno de escritorio [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). Si prefieres un entorno distinto a GNOME, también hay otras variantes, incluyendo [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (que viene con [KDE](https://kde.org/)) y [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (que viene con [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), un gestor de ventanas en mosaico exclusivo de [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)). No recomendamos [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) en este momento ya que todavía [requiere X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). Todas estas variantes siguen el mismo calendario de lanzamientos que Fedora Workstation, beneficiándose de las mismas actualizaciones rápidas y manteniéndose muy cerca del upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentación} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuir} +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** es una variante inmutable de Fedora con un fuerte enfoque en los flujos de trabajo de contenedores y el entorno de escritorio [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). Si prefieres un entorno distinto a GNOME, también hay otras variantes, incluyendo [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (que viene con [KDE](https://kde.org/)) y [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (que viene con [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), un gestor de ventanas en mosaico exclusivo de [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)). No recomendamos [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) en este momento ya que todavía [requiere X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). Todas estas variantes siguen el mismo calendario de lanzamientos que Fedora Workstation, beneficiándose de las mismas actualizaciones rápidas y manteniéndose muy cerca del upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentación} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuir} + + + +
Silverblue y sus variantes difieren de Fedora Workstation ya que reemplazan el gestor de paquetes [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) con una alternativa mucho más avanzada llamada [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). El gestor de paquetes `rpm-ostree` funciona descargando una imagen base para el sistema, y luego superponiendo paquetes sobre ella en un árbol de commit como el de [git](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git). Cuando se actualice el sistema, se descargará una nueva imagen de base y las superposiciones se aplicarán a esa nueva imagen. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ Como alternativa a Flatpaks, existe la opción de [Toolbox](https://docs.fedorap ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS es una distribución independiente basada en el gestor de paquetes Nix y centrada en la reproducibilidad y la fiabilidad. - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentación} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribuir } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS es una distribución independiente basada en el gestor de paquetes Nix y centrada en la reproducibilidad y la fiabilidad. + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentación} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribuir } + + + +
El gestor de paquetes de NixOS guarda cada versión de cada paquete en una carpeta diferente del **almacén Nix**. Debido a esto, puede tener diferentes versiones del mismo paquete instalado en su sistema. Después de escribir el contenido del paquete en la carpeta, ésta pasa a ser de sólo lectura. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix es un gestor de paquetes basado en el código fuente; si no hay ningún paqu ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** está basado en [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), una bifurcación de Debian centrada en la seguridad. Su objetivo es proporcionar privacidad, seguridad y anonimato en Internet. Whonix se utiliza mejor junto con [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Página principal](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Servicio Onion" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentación} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuir } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** está basado en [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), una bifurcación de Debian centrada en la seguridad. Su objetivo es proporcionar privacidad, seguridad y anonimato en Internet. Whonix se utiliza mejor junto con [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Página principal](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Servicio Onion" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentación} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuir } + + + +
Whonix está pensado para funcionar como dos máquinas virtuales: una "Estación de Trabajo" y una "Puerta de Enlace" Tor. Todas las comunicaciones desde la Estación de Trabajo deben pasar por la puerta de enlace Tor. Esto significa que incluso si la Estación de Trabajo se ve comprometida por algún tipo de malware, la verdadera dirección IP permanece oculta. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Es mejor usar Whonix [junto con Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** es un sistema operativo basado en Debian que enruta todas las comunicaciones a través de Tor, y que puede arrancar en casi cualquier ordenador desde un DVD, una memoria USB o una tarjeta SD. Utiliza [Tor](tor.md) para preservar la privacidad y el anonimato a la vez que elude la censura, y no deja rastro de sí mismo en el ordenador en el que se utiliza una vez apagado. - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentación} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuir } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** es un sistema operativo basado en Debian que enruta todas las comunicaciones a través de Tor, y que puede arrancar en casi cualquier ordenador desde un DVD, una memoria USB o una tarjeta SD. Utiliza [Tor](tor.md) para preservar la privacidad y el anonimato a la vez que elude la censura, y no deja rastro de sí mismo en el ordenador en el que se utiliza una vez apagado. + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentación} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuir } + + + +
Tails es genial contra el análisis forense debido a la amnesia (lo que significa que no se escribe nada en el disco); sin embargo, no es una distribución endurecida como Whonix. Carece de muchas de las funciones de anonimato y seguridad que tiene Whonix y se actualiza con mucha menos frecuencia (sólo una vez cada seis semanas). Un sistema Tails comprometido por malware puede potencialmente eludir el proxy transparente permitiendo que el usuario sea desanonimizado. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ Tails está diseñado para formatearse por completo después de cada reinicio. [ ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** es un sistema operativo de código abierto diseñado para proporcionar una fuerte seguridad para la informática de escritorio a través de máquinas virtuales seguras (o "qubes"). Qubes se basa en Xen, el Sistema de Ventanas X y Linux. Puede ejecutar la mayoría de las aplicaciones Linux y utilizar la mayoría de los controladores Linux. - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Servicio Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Politica de Privacidad" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentación } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Código Fuente" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuir } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** es un sistema operativo de código abierto diseñado para proporcionar una fuerte seguridad para la informática de escritorio a través de máquinas virtuales seguras (o "qubes"). Qubes se basa en Xen, el Sistema de Ventanas X y Linux. Puede ejecutar la mayoría de las aplicaciones Linux y utilizar la mayoría de los controladores Linux. + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Servicio Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Politica de Privacidad" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentación } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Código Fuente" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuir } + + + +
Qubes OS asegura el ordenador aislando subsistemas (por ejemplo, redes, USB, etc.) y aplicaciones en *qubes* separados. En caso de que una parte del sistema se vea comprometida, es probable que el aislamiento adicional proteja el resto de *qubes* y el sistema central. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ Para más información sobre el funcionamiento de Qubes, consulte nuestra págin Aunque [desaconsejamos](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) distribuciones "perpetuamente obsoletas", como Debian para uso de escritorio, en la mayoría de los casos, Kicksecure es un sistema operativo basado en Debian que ha sido reforzado para ser mucho más que una instalación típica de Linux. -!!! recomendación +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure** -en términos muy simplificados- es un conjunto de scripts, configuraciones y paquetes que reducen sustancialmente la superficie de ataque de Debian. Cubre muchas recomendaciones de privacidad y seguridad por defecto. También sirve de sistema operativo base para [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidad" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentación} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Código Fuente" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuir } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure** -en términos muy simplificados- es un conjunto de scripts, configuraciones y paquetes que reducen sustancialmente la superficie de ataque de Debian. Cubre muchas recomendaciones de privacidad y seguridad por defecto. También sirve de sistema operativo base para [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidad" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentación} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Código Fuente" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuir } + + + +
## Criterios diff --git a/i18n/es/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/es/mobile-browsers.md index fb5c4fb4..3c3f7553 100644 --- a/i18n/es/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/es/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ En iOS, cualquier aplicación que puede navegar en internet está [limitada](htt ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** es el navegador predeterminado en iOS. Incluye [funciones de privacidad](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) como [Prevención de seguimiento inteligente](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Informe de privacidad, pestañas de Navegación privada aisladas y efímeras, Retransmisión privada de iCloud y reducción de huellas digitales presentando una versión simplificada de la configuración del sistema a los sitios web para que más dispositivos parezcan idénticos. + **Safari** es el navegador predeterminado en iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidad" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ En iOS, cualquier aplicación que puede navegar en internet está [limitada](htt #### Configuración Recomendada -Estas opciones se encuentran en :gear: **Ajustes** → **Safari** → **Privacidad y seguridad**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Prevención del rastreo entre sitios web +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacidad y seguridad - [x] Activa **Evitar el seguimiento cruzado de sitios** -Esto habilita la [Protección de Seguimiento Inteligente (ITP)](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp) de WebKit. La función ayuda a proteger contra el rastreo no deseado utilizando el aprendizaje automático en el dispositivo para detener a los rastreadores. La ITP protege contra muchas amenazas comunes, pero no bloquea todas las vías de rastreo porque está diseñada para no interferir con la usabilidad del sitio web. + Esto habilita la [Protección de Seguimiento Inteligente (ITP)](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp) de WebKit. La función ayuda a proteger contra el rastreo no deseado utilizando el aprendizaje automático en el dispositivo para detener a los rastreadores. La ITP protege contra muchas amenazas comunes, pero no bloquea todas las vías de rastreo porque está diseñada para no interferir con la usabilidad del sitio web. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Informe de privacidad diff --git a/i18n/es/search-engines.md b/i18n/es/search-engines.md index ac681f6d..b5ae41d6 100644 --- a/i18n/es/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/es/search-engines.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ --- -meta_title: "Motores de Búsqueda Recomendados: Alternativas Anónimas a Google - Privacy Guides" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" title: "Motores de Búsqueda" icon: material/search-web -description: Estos motores de búsqueda respetuosos con la privacidad no construyen un perfil publicitario basado en sus búsquedas. +description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp --- @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Considere usar una [VPN](vpn.md) o [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) si su mode ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** es desarrollado por Brave y ofrece resultados procedentes principalmente de su propio índice independiente. El índice está optimizado en comparación con Google Search y, por lo tanto, puede proporcionar resultados más precisos contextualmente en comparación con otras alternativas. - - Brave Search incluye funciones exclusivas como Discusiones, que destaca los resultados centrados en la conversación, como los mensajes de los foros. - - Le recomendamos que deshabilite [Estadísticas de uso anónimas](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics), ya que está habilitado de forma predeterminada y se puede deshabilitar dentro de la configuración. - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Servicio Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Politica de Privacidad" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentación} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** es desarrollado por Brave y ofrece resultados procedentes principalmente de su propio índice independiente. El índice está optimizado en comparación con Google Search y, por lo tanto, puede proporcionar resultados más precisos contextualmente en comparación con otras alternativas. + +Brave Search incluye funciones exclusivas como Discusiones, que destaca los resultados centrados en la conversación, como los mensajes de los foros. + +Le recomendamos que deshabilite [Estadísticas de uso anónimas](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics), ya que está habilitado de forma predeterminada y se puede deshabilitar dentro de la configuración. + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Servicio Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Politica de Privacidad" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentación} + + + +
Brave Search tiene su sede en Estados Unidos. Su [política de privacidad](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) afirma que recogen métricas de uso agregadas, que incluyen el sistema operativo y el navegador utilizados, pero no datos de identificación personal. Las direcciones IP se procesan temporalmente, pero no se conservan. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** es uno de los buscadores privados más populares. Entre las funciones de búsqueda de DuckDuckGo que merecen ser destacadas se encuentran [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) y muchas [respuestas instantáneas](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). El motor de búsqueda se basa en una API comercial de Bing para ofrecer la mayoría de los resultados, pero utiliza numerosas [otras fuentes](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) para las respuestas instantáneas y otros resultados no primarios. - - DuckDuckGo es el motor de búsqueda por defecto del Navegador Tor y es una de las pocas opciones disponibles en el navegador Safari de Apple. - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Servicio Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Politica de Privacidad" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentación} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** es uno de los buscadores privados más populares. Entre las funciones de búsqueda de DuckDuckGo que merecen ser destacadas se encuentran [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) y muchas [respuestas instantáneas](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). El motor de búsqueda se basa en una API comercial de Bing para ofrecer la mayoría de los resultados, pero utiliza numerosas [otras fuentes](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) para las respuestas instantáneas y otros resultados no primarios. + +DuckDuckGo es el motor de búsqueda por defecto del Navegador Tor y es una de las pocas opciones disponibles en el navegador Safari de Apple. + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Servicio Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Politica de Privacidad" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentación} + + + +
DuckDuckGo tiene su sede en Estados Unidos. Su [política de privacidad](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) afirma que **registra** sus búsquedas para mejorar los productos, pero no su dirección IP ni ningún otro dato de identificación personal. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo ofrece [otras dos versiones](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** es un metabuscador de código abierto y autoalojable que agrega los resultados de otros motores de búsqueda sin almacenar ninguna información. Es una bifurcación de [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx) mantenida activamente. - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Instancias Públicos"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Código Fuente" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** es un metabuscador de código abierto y autoalojable que agrega los resultados de otros motores de búsqueda sin almacenar ninguna información. Es una bifurcación de [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx) mantenida activamente. + +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Instancias Públicos"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Código Fuente" } + + + +
SearXNG es un proxy entre usted y los motores de búsqueda desde los que se agrega. Sus consultas seguirán siendo enviadas a los motores de búsqueda de los que SearXNG obtiene sus resultados. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ Cuando utilice una instancia de SearXNG, asegúrese de leer su política de priv ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** es un motor de búsqueda privado, conocido por mostrar resultados de búsqueda de [Google y Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-). Una de las características exclusivas de Startpage es la [Vista Anónima](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), que se esfuerza por normalizar la actividad de los usuarios para dificultar su identificación exclusiva. Esta función puede ser útil para ocultar [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) propiedades de la red y el navegador. A diferencia de lo que sugiere su nombre, no se debe confiar en esta función para mantener el anonimato. Si busca anonimato, utilice [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) en su lugar. - - [:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidad" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentación} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning "Advertencia" +**Startpage** es un motor de búsqueda privado, conocido por mostrar resultados de búsqueda de [Google y Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-). Una de las características exclusivas de Startpage es la [Vista Anónima](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), que se esfuerza por normalizar la actividad de los usuarios para dificultar su identificación exclusiva. Esta función puede ser útil para ocultar [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) propiedades de la red y el navegador. A diferencia de lo que sugiere su nombre, no se debe confiar en esta función para mantener el anonimato. Si busca anonimato, utilice [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) en su lugar. - Startpage limita regularmente el acceso al servicio a ciertas direcciones IP, como las IPs reservadas para VPNs o Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) y [Brave Search](#brave-search) son opciones más amigables si su modelo de amenazas requiere ocultar su dirección IP al proveedor de búsquedas. +[:octicons-home-16: Página Principal](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidad" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentación} + + + +
+ +
+

Advertencia

+ +Startpage limita regularmente el acceso al servicio a ciertas direcciones IP, como las IPs reservadas para VPNs o Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) y [Brave Search](#brave-search) son opciones más amigables si su modelo de amenazas requiere ocultar su dirección IP al proveedor de búsquedas. + +
Startpage tiene su sede en los Países Bajos. Según su [política de privacidad](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), registran datos como: sistema operativo, tipo de navegador e idioma. No registran su dirección IP, consultas de búsqueda u otra información de identificación personal. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ El accionista mayoritario de Startpage es System1, una empresa de tecnología pu **Por favor, tenga en cuenta que no estamos afiliados con ninguno de los proyectos que recomendamos.** Además de [nuestros criterios estándar](about/criteria.md), hemos desarrollado un conjunto claro de requisitos que nos permiten ofrecer recomendaciones objetivas. Sugerimos que usted se familiarice con esta lista, antes de decidir utilizar un proyecto y realizar su propia investigación para asegurarse de que es la elección ideal para usted. -!!! example "Esta sección es nueva" +
+

Esta sección es nueva

- Estamos trabajando en establecer criterios definidos para cada sección de nuestra página, y esto puede estar sujeto a cambios. Si tiene alguna duda sobre nuestros criterios, por favor [pregunte en nuestro foro](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) y no asuma que no hemos tenido en cuenta algo a la hora de hacer nuestras recomendaciones si no aparece aquí. Son muchos los factores que se tienen en cuenta y se debaten cuando recomendamos un proyecto, y documentar cada uno de ellos es un trabajo en curso. +Estamos trabajando en establecer criterios definidos para cada sección de nuestra página, y esto puede estar sujeto a cambios. Si tiene alguna duda sobre nuestros criterios, por favor [pregunte en nuestro foro](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) y no asuma que no hemos tenido en cuenta algo a la hora de hacer nuestras recomendaciones si no aparece aquí. Son muchos los factores que se tienen en cuenta y se debaten cuando recomendamos un proyecto, y documentar cada uno de ellos es un trabajo en curso. + +
### Requisitos Mínimos diff --git a/i18n/fa/desktop.md b/i18n/fa/desktop.md index c5757693..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/fa/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/fa/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/fa/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/fa/mobile-browsers.md index ce51f730..536673aa 100644 --- a/i18n/fa/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/fa/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### فایرفاکس Firefox -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### حریم‌خصوصی و امنیت - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/fa/search-engines.md b/i18n/fa/search-engines.md index ea5b4db9..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/fa/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/fa/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/fr/desktop.md b/i18n/fr/desktop.md index 83992669..9d22ec12 100644 --- a/i18n/fr/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/fr/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Les distributions Linux sont généralement recommandées pour la protection de ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo Fedora](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** est notre distribution recommandée pour les personnes débutant sous Linux. Fedora adopte généralement les nouvelles technologies avant les autres distributions, par exemple, [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org), et bientôt. Ces nouvelles technologies s'accompagnent souvent d'améliorations générales en matière de sécurité, de vie privée et d'ergonomie. - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } +![Logo Fedora](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** est notre distribution recommandée pour les personnes débutant sous Linux. Fedora adopte généralement les nouvelles technologies avant les autres distributions, par exemple, [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org), et bientôt. Ces nouvelles technologies s'accompagnent souvent d'améliorations générales en matière de sécurité, de vie privée et d'ergonomie. + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } + + + +
Fedora a un cycle de publication semi-continu. Si certains paquets comme [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) sont gelés jusqu'à la prochaine version de Fedora, la plupart des paquets (y compris le noyau) sont mis à jour fréquemment tout au long de la durée de vie de la version. Chaque version de Fedora est supportée pendant un an, avec une nouvelle version publiée tous les 6 mois. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![logo openSUSE Tumbleweed](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** est une distribution stable à publication continue. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed dispose d'un système de [mise à jour transactionnelle](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) qui utilise [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) et [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) pour s'assurer que les livraisons peuvent être annulées en cas de problème. - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://get.opensuse.org/fr/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/fr/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } +![logo openSUSE Tumbleweed](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** est une distribution stable à publication continue. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed dispose d'un système de [mise à jour transactionnelle](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) qui utilise [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) et [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) pour s'assurer que les livraisons peuvent être annulées en cas de problème. + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://get.opensuse.org/fr/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/fr/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } + + + +
Tumbleweed suit un modèle de publication continu où chaque mise à jour est publiée comme un instantané de la distribution. Lorsque vous mettez votre système à niveau, un nouvel instantané est téléchargé. Chaque livraison est soumise à une série de tests automatisés par [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) afin de garantir sa qualité. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo Arch](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** est une distribution légère, de type do-it-yourself (DIY), ce qui signifie que vous n'obtenez que ce que vous installez. Pour plus d'informations, voir leur [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions_(Fran%C3%A7ais)). - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Main_page_(Fran%C3%A7ais)){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } +![Logo Arch](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** est une distribution légère, de type do-it-yourself (DIY), ce qui signifie que vous n'obtenez que ce que vous installez. Pour plus d'informations, voir leur [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions_(Fran%C3%A7ais)). + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Main_page_(Fran%C3%A7ais)){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } + + + +
Arch Linux a un cycle de publication continue. Il n'y a pas de calendrier de publication fixe et les paquets sont mis à jour très fréquemment. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ Une grande partie des [paquets d'Arch Linux](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![logo Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** est une variante immuable de Fedora qui met l'accent sur les flux de travail en conteneur et l'environnement de bureau [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). Si vous préférez un environnement autre que GNOME, il existe d'autres variantes, notamment [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (qui inclut [KDE](https://kde.org/)) et [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (qui inclut [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), un gestionnaire de fenêtres en mosaïque exclusif à [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)). Nous ne recommandons pas [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) pour l'instant car il [nécessite toujours X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). Toutes ces variantes suivent le même calendrier de publication que Fedora Workstation, bénéficiant des mêmes mises à jour rapides et restant très proches de l'original. - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } +![logo Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** est une variante immuable de Fedora qui met l'accent sur les flux de travail en conteneur et l'environnement de bureau [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). Si vous préférez un environnement autre que GNOME, il existe d'autres variantes, notamment [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (qui inclut [KDE](https://kde.org/)) et [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (qui inclut [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), un gestionnaire de fenêtres en mosaïque exclusif à [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)). Nous ne recommandons pas [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) pour l'instant car il [nécessite toujours X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). Toutes ces variantes suivent le même calendrier de publication que Fedora Workstation, bénéficiant des mêmes mises à jour rapides et restant très proches de l'original. + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } + + + +
Silverblue et ses variantes diffèrent de Fedora Workstation car ils remplacent le gestionnaire de paquets [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) par une alternative beaucoup plus avancée appelée [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). Le gestionnaire de paquets `rpm-ostree` fonctionne en téléchargeant une image de base pour le système, puis en superposant des paquets par-dessus dans un arbre de commit semblable à [git](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git). Lorsque le système est mis à jour, une nouvelle image de base est téléchargée et les surcouches seront appliquées à cette nouvelle image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ Comme alternative aux Flatpaks, il y a l'option de [Toolbox](https://docs.fedora ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo NixOS](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS est une distribution indépendante basée sur le gestionnaire de paquets Nix avec un accent sur la reproductibilité et la fiabilité. - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribuer } +![Logo NixOS](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS est une distribution indépendante basée sur le gestionnaire de paquets Nix avec un accent sur la reproductibilité et la fiabilité. + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribuer } + + + +
Le gestionnaire de paquets de NixOS conserve chaque version de chaque paquet dans un dossier différent dans le **magasin Nix**. De ce fait, vous pouvez avoir différentes versions d'un même paquet installé sur votre système. Une fois que le contenu du paquet a été écrit dans le dossier, ce dernier est mis en lecture seule. @@ -107,15 +127,19 @@ Nix est un gestionnaire de paquets basé sur les sources ; s'il n'y a pas de paq ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![logo Whonix](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** est basée sur [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), une version de Debian axée sur la sécurité. Il vise à assurer la vie privée, la sécurité et l'anonymat sur Internet. Whonix est utilisé de préférence en conjonction avec [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuer } +![logo Whonix](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** est basée sur [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), une version de Debian axée sur la sécurité. Il vise à assurer la vie privée, la sécurité et l'anonymat sur Internet. Whonix est utilisé de préférence en conjonction avec [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuer } + + + +
Whonix est conçu pour fonctionner sous la forme de deux machines virtuelles : une "Station de Travail" et une "Passerelle" Tor. Toutes les communications de la station de travail doivent passer par la passerelle Tor, et seront acheminées par le réseau Tor. Cela signifie que même si la "Station de Travail" est compromise par un logiciel malveillant quelconque, la véritable adresse IP reste cachée. @@ -125,15 +149,19 @@ Il est préférable d'utiliser Whonix [en conjonction avec Qubes](https://www.wh ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo de Tails](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** est un système d'exploitation autonome basé sur Debian qui fait passer toutes les communications par Tor, et qui peut démarrer sur presque n'importe quel ordinateur à partir d'un DVD, d'une clé USB ou d'une installation sur carte SD. Il utilise [Tor](tor.md) pour préserver la vie privée et l'anonymat tout en contournant la censure, et il ne laisse aucune trace de son passage sur l'ordinateur sur lequel il est utilisé après avoir été éteint. - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } +![Logo de Tails](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** est un système d'exploitation autonome basé sur Debian qui fait passer toutes les communications par Tor, et qui peut démarrer sur presque n'importe quel ordinateur à partir d'un DVD, d'une clé USB ou d'une installation sur carte SD. Il utilise [Tor](tor.md) pour préserver la vie privée et l'anonymat tout en contournant la censure, et il ne laisse aucune trace de son passage sur l'ordinateur sur lequel il est utilisé après avoir été éteint. + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } + + + +
Tails est excellent pour contrer l'analyse scientifique en raison de son amnésie (ce qui signifie que rien n'est écrit sur le disque) ; cependant, ce n'est pas une distribution renforcée comme Whonix. Il ne dispose pas de nombreuses fonctions d'anonymat et de sécurité comme Whonix et est mis à jour beaucoup moins souvent (seulement une fois toutes les six semaines). Un système Tails compromis par un logiciel malveillant peut potentiellement contourner le proxy transparent et permettre à l'utilisateur d'être désanonymisé. @@ -145,18 +173,22 @@ Par conception, Tails est censé se réinitialiser complètement après chaque r ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![logo Qubes OS](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** est un système d'exploitation open-source conçu pour fournir une sécurité forte pour l'informatique de bureau à travers des machines virtuelles sécurisées (ou "qubes"). Qubes est basé sur Xen, le système de fenêtre X, et Linux. Il peut exécuter la plupart des applications Linux et utiliser la plupart des pilotes Linux. - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Service onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Politique de confidentialité" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Code source" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } +![logo Qubes OS](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** est un système d'exploitation open-source conçu pour fournir une sécurité forte pour l'informatique de bureau à travers des machines virtuelles sécurisées (ou "qubes"). Qubes est basé sur Xen, le système de fenêtre X, et Linux. Il peut exécuter la plupart des applications Linux et utiliser la plupart des pilotes Linux. + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Service onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Politique de confidentialité" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Code source" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuer } + + + +
Qubes OS sécurise l'ordinateur en isolant les sous-systèmes (par exemple, le réseau, l'USB, etc.) et les applications dans des *qubes* distincts. Si une partie du système est compromise, l'isolation supplémentaire est susceptible de protéger le reste des *qubes* et le système central. @@ -166,17 +198,21 @@ Pour plus d'informations sur le fonctionnement de Qubes, lisez notre page [Intro Bien que nous [déconseillions](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) d'utiliser des distributions "perpétuellement dépassées" comme Debian pour un usage bureautique dans la plupart des cas, Kicksecure est un système d'exploitation basé sur Debian qui a été renforcé pour être bien plus qu'une installation Linux classique. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo Kicksecure](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure** - en termes simplifiés à l'extrême - est un ensemble de scripts, de configurations et de paquets qui réduisent considérablement la surface d'attaque de Debian. Il couvre par défaut un grand nombre de recommandations en matière de confidentialité et de durcissement. Il sert également de système d'exploitation de base pour [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Politique de confidentialité" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Code source" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuer } +![Logo Kicksecure](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure** - en termes simplifiés à l'extrême - est un ensemble de scripts, de configurations et de paquets qui réduisent considérablement la surface d'attaque de Debian. Il couvre par défaut un grand nombre de recommandations en matière de confidentialité et de durcissement. Il sert également de système d'exploitation de base pour [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Politique de confidentialité" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Code source" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuer } + + + +
## Critères diff --git a/i18n/fr/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/fr/mobile-browsers.md index a19ea6b9..7a7b94c7 100644 --- a/i18n/fr/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/fr/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Sur iOS, toute application capable de naviguer sur le web est [](https://develop ![Logo Safari](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** est le navigateur par défaut dans iOS. Il comprend des [fonctions de confidentialité](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) telles que [la protection intelligente contre le pistage](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), le rapport de confidentialité, des onglets de navigation privée isolés et éphémères, le relais privé iCloud, et la réduction des empreintes numériques en présentant une version simplifiée de la configuration du système aux sites web afin que d'avantage d'appareils soient identiques. + **Safari** est le navigateur par défaut dans iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://www.apple.com/fr/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/fr/safari/){ .card-link title="Politique de Confidentialité" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ Sur iOS, toute application capable de naviguer sur le web est [](https://develop #### Configuration recommandée -Ces options se trouvent dans :gear: **Paramètres** → **Safari** → **Confidentialité et sécurité**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Prévention du Pistage Intersite +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Confidentialité & sécurité - [x] Activer **Empêcher le Pistage Intersite** -Cela active la [Protection Intelligente contre le Pistage](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp) de WebKit. Cette fonction permet de se protéger contre les pistages non désirés en utilisant un apprentissage machine sur l'appareil pour arrêter les traqueurs. ITP protège contre de nombreuses menaces courantes, mais il ne bloque pas toutes les voies de pistage, car il est conçu pour ne pas interférer avec la convivialité des sites Web. + Cela active la [Protection Intelligente contre le Pistage](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp) de WebKit. Cette fonction permet de se protéger contre les pistages non désirés en utilisant un apprentissage machine sur l'appareil pour arrêter les traqueurs. ITP protège contre de nombreuses menaces courantes, mais il ne bloque pas toutes les voies de pistage, car il est conçu pour ne pas interférer avec la convivialité des sites Web. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Rapport de Confidentialité diff --git a/i18n/fr/search-engines.md b/i18n/fr/search-engines.md index ddf2cd4f..e41f30d3 100644 --- a/i18n/fr/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/fr/search-engines.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ --- -meta_title: "Moteurs de recherche recommandés : alternatives anonymes à Google - Privacy Guides" -title: "Moteurs de recherche" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" +title: "Moteurs de Recherche" icon: material/search-web -description: Ces moteurs de recherche respectueux de la vie privée n'établissent pas de profil publicitaire sur la base de vos recherches. +description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp --- @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Envisagez d'utiliser un [VPN](vpn.md) ou [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) si v ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo de Brave Search](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** est développé par Brave et fournit des résultats provenant principalement de son propre index indépendant. L'index est optimisé en se basant sur Google Search et peut donc fournir des résultats contextuellement plus précis que d'autres solutions. - - Brave Search comprend des fonctionnalités uniques telles que Discussions, qui met en évidence les résultats axés sur la conversation, comme les messages des forums. - - Nous vous recommandons de désactiver [Mesures d'utilisation anonymes](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) car ells sont activées par défaut et peuvent être désactivées dans les paramètres. - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Service onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Politique de confidentialité" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Logo de Brave Search](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** est développé par Brave et fournit des résultats provenant principalement de son propre index indépendant. L'index est optimisé en se basant sur Google Search et peut donc fournir des résultats contextuellement plus précis que d'autres solutions. + +Brave Search comprend des fonctionnalités uniques telles que Discussions, qui met en évidence les résultats axés sur la conversation, comme les messages des forums. + +Nous vous recommandons de désactiver [Mesures d'utilisation anonymes](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) car ells sont activées par défaut et peuvent être désactivées dans les paramètres. + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Service onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Politique de confidentialité" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search est basé aux États-Unis. Leur [politique de confidentialité](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) indique qu'ils collectent des données d'utilisation agrégées, notamment le système d'exploitation et le navigateur utilisés, mais qu'aucune information permettant d'identifier une personne n'est collectée. Les adresses IP sont traitées temporairement, mais ne sont pas conservées. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo DuckDuckGo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** est l'un des moteurs de recherche privés les plus populaires. Parmi les fonctionnalités de recherche notables de DuckDuckGo figurent les [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) et de nombreuses [réponses instantanées](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). Le moteur de recherche s'appuie sur une API commerciale de Bing pour fournir la plupart des résultats, mais il utilise également de nombreuses [autres sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) pour les réponses instantanées et d'autres résultats non primaires. - - DuckDuckGo est le moteur de recherche par défaut du navigateur Tor et l'une des rares options disponibles sur le navigateur Safari d'Apple. - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Service onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Politique de confidentialité" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Logo DuckDuckGo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** est l'un des moteurs de recherche privés les plus populaires. Parmi les fonctionnalités de recherche notables de DuckDuckGo figurent les [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) et de nombreuses [réponses instantanées](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). Le moteur de recherche s'appuie sur une API commerciale de Bing pour fournir la plupart des résultats, mais il utilise également de nombreuses [autres sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) pour les réponses instantanées et d'autres résultats non primaires. + +DuckDuckGo est le moteur de recherche par défaut du navigateur Tor et l'une des rares options disponibles sur le navigateur Safari d'Apple. + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Service onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Politique de confidentialité" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo est basé aux États-Unis. Leur [politique de confidentialité](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) indique qu'ils **font** enregistrer vos recherches à des fins d'amélioration des produits, mais pas votre adresse IP ou toute autre information d'identification personnelle. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo propose deux [autres versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/n ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo SearXNG](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** est un métamoteur de recherche open-source, auto-hébergeable, qui agrège les résultats d'autres moteurs de recherche sans stocker lui-même d'informations. C'est un fork activement maintenu de [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Instances publiques"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Code source" } +![Logo SearXNG](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** est un métamoteur de recherche open-source, auto-hébergeable, qui agrège les résultats d'autres moteurs de recherche sans stocker lui-même d'informations. C'est un fork activement maintenu de [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Instances publiques"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Code source" } + + + +
SearXNG est un proxy entre vous et les moteurs de recherche qu'il agrège. Vos requêtes de recherche seront toujours envoyées aux moteurs de recherche dont SearXNG tire ses résultats. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ Lorsque vous utilisez une instance SearXNG, assurez-vous d'aller lire sa politiq ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![logo Startpage](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![logo Startpage](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** est un moteur de recherche privé connu pour retourner les résultats de recherche de [Google et Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-entre-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-). L'une des caractéristiques uniques de Startpage est la [Vue anonyme](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), qui s'efforce de normaliser l'activité des utilisateurs afin de rendre plus difficile leur identification. Cette fonction peut être utile pour masquer [quelques](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) propriétés du réseau et du navigateur. Contrairement à ce que son nom suggère, il ne faut pas compter sur cette fonction pour assurer l'anonymat. Si vous recherchez l'anonymat, utilisez plutôt le [Navigateur Tor](tor.md#tor-browser). - - [:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Politique de confidentialité" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![logo Startpage](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![logo Startpage](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning "Avertissement" +**Startpage** est un moteur de recherche privé connu pour retourner les résultats de recherche de [Google et Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-entre-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-). L'une des caractéristiques uniques de Startpage est la [Vue anonyme](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), qui s'efforce de normaliser l'activité des utilisateurs afin de rendre plus difficile leur identification. Cette fonction peut être utile pour masquer [quelques](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) propriétés du réseau et du navigateur. Contrairement à ce que son nom suggère, il ne faut pas compter sur cette fonction pour assurer l'anonymat. Si vous recherchez l'anonymat, utilisez plutôt le [Navigateur Tor](tor.md#tor-browser). - Startpage limite régulièrement l'accès au service à certaines adresses IP, comme les IP réservées aux VPN ou à Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) et [Brave Search](#brave-search) sont des options plus conviviales si votre modèle de menace nécessite de cacher votre adresse IP au fournisseur de recherche. +[:octicons-home-16: Page d'accueil](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Politique de confidentialité" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Avertissement

+ +Startpage limite régulièrement l'accès au service à certaines adresses IP, comme les IP réservées aux VPN ou à Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) et [Brave Search](#brave-search) sont des options plus conviviales si votre modèle de menace nécessite de cacher votre adresse IP au fournisseur de recherche. + +
Startpage est basée aux Pays-Bas. Selon leur [politique de confidentialité](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), ils enregistrent des détails tels que : le système d'exploitation, le type de navigateur et la langue. Ils n'enregistrent pas votre adresse IP, vos requêtes de recherche ou d'autres informations à caractère personnel. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ L'actionnaire majoritaire de Startpage est System1 qui est une société de tech **Veuillez noter que nous ne sommes affiliés à aucun des projets que nous recommandons.** En plus de [nos critères de base](about/criteria.md), nous avons développé un ensemble d'exigences claires pour nous permettre de fournir des recommandations objectives. Nous vous suggérons de vous familiariser avec cette liste avant de choisir d'utiliser un projet, et de mener vos propres recherches pour vous assurer que c'est le bon choix pour vous. -!!! example "Cette section est récente" +
+

Cette section est nouvelle

- Nous travaillons à l'établissement de critères définis pour chaque section de notre site, et celles-ci peuvent être sujet à changement. Si vous avez des questions sur nos critères, veuillez [poser la question sur notre forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) et ne supposez pas que nous n'avons pas pris en compte un élément dans nos recommandations s'il ne figure pas dans la liste. De nombreux facteurs sont pris en compte et discutés lorsque nous recommandons un projet, et la documentation de chacun d'entre eux est en cours. +Nous travaillons à l'établissement de critères définis pour chaque section de notre site, et celles-ci peuvent être sujet à changement. Si vous avez des questions sur nos critères, veuillez [poser la question sur notre forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) et ne supposez pas que nous n'avons pas pris en compte un élément dans nos recommandations s'il ne figure pas dans la liste. De nombreux facteurs sont pris en compte et discutés lorsque nous recommandons un projet, et la documentation de chacun d'entre eux est en cours. + +
### Exigences minimales diff --git a/i18n/he/desktop.md b/i18n/he/desktop.md index 8b55b6b3..c13a2bde 100644 --- a/i18n/he/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/he/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ cover: desktop.webp ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **תחנת העבודה של פדורה** היא ההפצה המומלצת שלנו לאנשים חדשים ללינוקס. Fedora בדרך כלל מאמצת טכנולוגיות חדשות יותר לפני הפצות אחרות, למשל [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org), ובקרוב [FS-Verity](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/FsVerityRPM). טכנולוגיות חדשות אלה מגיעות לעתים קרובות עם שיפורים באבטחה, בפרטיות ובשימושיות באופן כללי. - - [:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=תיעוד} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=לתרומה } +![Fedora לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**תחנת העבודה של פדורה** היא ההפצה המומלצת שלנו לאנשים חדשים ללינוקס. Fedora בדרך כלל מאמצת טכנולוגיות חדשות יותר לפני הפצות אחרות, למשל [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org), ובקרוב [FS-Verity](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/FsVerityRPM). טכנולוגיות חדשות אלה מגיעות לעתים קרובות עם שיפורים באבטחה, בפרטיות ובשימושיות באופן כללי. + +[:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=תיעוד} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=לתרומה } + + + +
לFedora יש מהדורת שחרור מתגלגל-למחצה. בעוד כמה חבילות כמו [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) מוקפאות עד לשחרור הבא של פדורה, רוב החבילות (כולל הקרנל) מתעדכנות לעתים קרובות לאורך תוחלת החיים של השחרור. כל גרסה של פדורה נתמכת למשך שנה אחת, עם גרסה חדשה ששוחררה כל שישה חודשים. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** היא הפצת שחרור מתגלגלת יציבה. - - ל-openSUSE Tumblewee יש a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) יש מערכת המשתמשת [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) ו [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) כדי להבטיח שניתן יהיה להחזיר תמונות אם תהיה בעיה. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** היא הפצת שחרור מתגלגלת יציבה. + +ל-openSUSE Tumblewee יש a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) יש מערכת המשתמשת [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) ו [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) כדי להבטיח שניתן יהיה להחזיר תמונות אם תהיה בעיה. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed עוקב אחר מודל מהדורה מתגלגל שבו כל עדכון משוחרר כתמונת מצב של ההפצה. בעת שדרוג המערכת, מתבצעת הורדה של תמונת מצב חדשה. כל תמונת מצב מנוהלת באמצעות סדרה של בדיקות אוטומטיות על ידי [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) כדי להבטיח את איכותה. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** הוא הפצה קלה של עשה זאת בעצמך (DIY) שמשמעותה שאתה מקבל רק את מה שאתה מתקין. לקבלת מידע נוסף, עיין ב[FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** הוא הפצה קלה של עשה זאת בעצמך (DIY) שמשמעותה שאתה מקבל רק את מה שאתה מתקין. לקבלת מידע נוסף, עיין ב[FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
ל - Arch Linux יש מחזור שחרור מתגלגל. אין לוח זמנים שחרור קבוע וחבילות מתעדכנות לעתים קרובות מאוד. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ Tumbleweed עוקב אחר מודל מהדורה מתגלגל שבו כל עדכ ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=תיעוד} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=לתרומה } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=תיעוד} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=לתרומה } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). מנהל החבילות `rpm - ostree` עובד על ידי הורדת תמונת בסיס עבור המערכת, ולאחר מכן שכבת חבילות מעליה ב [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)- כמו להתחייב עץ. כאשר המערכת מתעדכנת, מורידים תמונת בסיס חדשה ושכבות העל יוחלו על תמונה חדשה זו. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [ ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS היא הפצה עצמאית המבוססת על מנהל החבילות של Nix ומתמקדת בשחזור ואמינות. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS היא הפצה עצמאית המבוססת על מנהל החבילות של Nix ומתמקדת בשחזור ואמינות. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
מנהל החבילות של NixOS שומר כל גרסה של כל חבילה בתיקיה אחרת בחנות **Nix store**. בשל כך אתה יכול לקבל גירסאות שונות של אותה חבילה מותקנת על המערכת שלך. לאחר שתוכן החבילה נכתב לתיקייה, התיקייה נעשית לקריאה בלבד. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix הוא מנהל חבילות מבוסס מקור; אם אין מוכן מר ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** מבוסס על [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), נגזר ממוקד אבטחה של דביאן. מטרתו לספק פרטיות, אבטחה ואנונימיות באינטרנט. כדאי להשתמש ב - Whonix בשילוב עם [Qubes OS](# qubes- os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** מבוסס על [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), נגזר ממוקד אבטחה של דביאן. מטרתו לספק פרטיות, אבטחה ואנונימיות באינטרנט. כדאי להשתמש ב - Whonix בשילוב עם [Qubes OS](# qubes- os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix אמור לפעול כמו שתי מכונות וירטואליות: "תחנת עבודה" ו "שער" Tor כל התקשורת מתחנת העבודה חייבת לעבור דרך שער טור. משמעות הדבר היא כי גם אם תחנת העבודה נפגעת על ידי תוכנות זדוניות מסוג כלשהו, כתובת ה - IP האמיתית נשארת מוסתרת. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** היא מערכת הפעלה חיה המבוססת על דביאן המנתבת את כל התקשורת דרך Tor, שיכולה לאתחל כמעט כל מחשב מ - DVD, מקל USB או התקנת כרטיס SD. הוא משתמש ב - [Tor](tor.md) כדי לשמור על פרטיות ואנונימיות תוך עקיפת הצנזורה, והוא אינו מותיר עקבות של עצמו במחשב שבו הוא נמצא בשימוש לאחר שהוא כבוי. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** היא מערכת הפעלה חיה המבוססת על דביאן המנתבת את כל התקשורת דרך Tor, שיכולה לאתחל כמעט כל מחשב מ - DVD, מקל USB או התקנת כרטיס SD. הוא משתמש ב - [Tor](tor.md) כדי לשמור על פרטיות ואנונימיות תוך עקיפת הצנזורה, והוא אינו מותיר עקבות של עצמו במחשב שבו הוא נמצא בשימוש לאחר שהוא כבוי. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails הוא נהדר עבור זיהוי פלילי נגדי עקב אמנזיה (כלומר שום דבר לא נכתב לדיסק); עם זאת, זו אינה התפלגות קשוחה כמו ווניקס. היא חסרה תכונות אנונימיות ואבטחה רבות שיש ל - Whonix ומתעדכנת בתדירות נמוכה בהרבה (רק אחת לשישה שבועות). מערכת Tails כי הוא נפגע על ידי תוכנות זדוניות עשוי לעקוף את פרוקסי שקוף המאפשר למשתמש להיות deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ Tailsכולל[uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) בדפדפן Tor ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS לוגו](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** היא מערכת הפעלה בקוד פתוח שנועדה לספק אבטחה חזקה עבור מחשוב שולחני באמצעות מכונות וירטואליות מאובטחות (או "qubes"). Qubes מבוסס על Xen, מערכת חלונות X ו- Linux. זה יכול להריץ את רוב יישומי לינוקס ולהשתמש ברוב מנהלי ההתקנים של לינוקס. - - [:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=תיעוד } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="קוד מקור" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=לתרומה } +![Qubes OS לוגו](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** היא מערכת הפעלה בקוד פתוח שנועדה לספק אבטחה חזקה עבור מחשוב שולחני באמצעות מכונות וירטואליות מאובטחות (או "qubes"). Qubes מבוסס על Xen, מערכת חלונות X ו- Linux. זה יכול להריץ את רוב יישומי לינוקס ולהשתמש ברוב מנהלי ההתקנים של לינוקס. + +[:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=תיעוד } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="קוד מקור" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=לתרומה } + + + +
Qubes OS מאבטחת את המחשב על ידי בידוד תת-מערכות (למשל, רשת, USB וכו') ויישומים ב*qubes* נפרדים. אם חלק אחד של המערכת ייפגע, סביר שהבידוד הנוסף יגן על שאר ה*qubes* ועל מערכת הליבה. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ Qubes OS מאבטחת את המחשב על ידי בידוד תת-מערכות ( בעוד שאנו [ממליצים נגד](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) הפצות "מיושנות מתמיד" כמו שימוש בדביאן לשולחן העבודה ברוב המקרים, Kicksecure היא מערכת הפעלה מבוססת דביאן שיש לה הוקשחה להיות הרבה יותר מהתקנת לינוקס טיפוסית. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure** - במונחים פשוטים מדי - היא קבוצה של סקריפטים, תצורות וחבילות שמצמצמות באופן משמעותי את משטח ההתקפה של דביאן. זה מכסה הרבה המלצות לפרטיות והקשחה כברירת מחדל. הוא משמש גם כמערכת ההפעלה הבסיסית עבור [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=תיעוד } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="קוד מקור" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=לתרומה } +![Kicksecure לוגו](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure** - במונחים פשוטים מדי - היא קבוצה של סקריפטים, תצורות וחבילות שמצמצמות באופן משמעותי את משטח ההתקפה של דביאן. זה מכסה הרבה המלצות לפרטיות והקשחה כברירת מחדל. הוא משמש גם כמערכת ההפעלה הבסיסית עבור [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=תיעוד } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="קוד מקור" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=לתרומה } + + + +
## קריטריונים diff --git a/i18n/he/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/he/mobile-browsers.md index 61a34963..24f5b25d 100644 --- a/i18n/he/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/he/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Brave כולל כמה אמצעים נגד טביעת אצבע בתכונת [Shie ![Safari לוגו](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** הוא דפדפן ברירת המחדל ב - iOS. הוא כולל [תכונות פרטיות](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) כגון [מניעת מעקב חכמה](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), דוח פרטיות, כרטיסיות גלישה פרטית מבודדות וארעיות, ממסר פרטי של iCloud והפחתת טביעות אצבע על ידי הצגת גרסה פשוטה של תצורת המערכת לאתרים כך שיותר מכשירים ייראו זהים. + **Safari** הוא דפדפן ברירת המחדל ב - iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ Brave כולל כמה אמצעים נגד טביעת אצבע בתכונת [Shie #### תצורה מומלצת -ניתן למצוא אפשרויות אלה ב - :gear: **הגדרות** ← **Safari** ← **פרטיות ואבטחה**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### מניעת מעקב חוצה אתרים +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### פרטיות& אבטחה - [x] אפשר **מנע מעקב בין אתרים** -זה מאפשר [הגנת מעקב אינטליגנטי](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp) של WebKit. התכונה מסייעת בהגנה מפני מעקב לא רצוי על ידי שימוש בלמידת מכונה במכשיר כדי לעצור עוקבים. ITP מגן מפני איומים נפוצים רבים, אך הוא אינו חוסם את כל אפיקי המעקב מכיוון שהוא נועד לא להפריע לשימושיות האתר. + זה מאפשר [הגנת מעקב אינטליגנטי](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp) של WebKit. התכונה מסייעת בהגנה מפני מעקב לא רצוי על ידי שימוש בלמידת מכונה במכשיר כדי לעצור עוקבים. ITP מגן מפני איומים נפוצים רבים, אך הוא אינו חוסם את כל אפיקי המעקב מכיוון שהוא נועד לא להפריע לשימושיות האתר. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### דוח פרטיות diff --git a/i18n/he/search-engines.md b/i18n/he/search-engines.md index 4d1063b1..f00e5e4c 100644 --- a/i18n/he/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/he/search-engines.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ --- -meta_title: "מנועי חיפוש מומלצים: חלופות גוגל אנונימיות - Privacy Guides" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" title: "מנועי חיפוש" icon: material/search-web -description: מנועי החיפוש המכבדים את הפרטיות אינם בונים פרופיל פרסום על סמך החיפושים שלך. +description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp --- @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ cover: search-engines.webp ## חיפוש Brave -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search לוגו](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** פותח על ידי Brave ומגיש תוצאות בעיקר מאינדקס עצמאי משלו. האינדקס מותאם לחיפוש Google ולכן עשוי לספק תוצאות מדויקות יותר מבחינה הקשרית בהשוואה לחלופות אחרות. - - Brave Search כולל תכונות ייחודיות כגון דיונים, המדגישים תוצאות הממוקדות בשיחה - כגון הודעות בפורום. - - אנו ממליצים להשבית את [מדדי שימוש אנונימיים](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) מכיוון שהוא מופעל כברירת מחדל וניתן להשבית אותו בהגדרות. - - [:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=תיעוד} +![Brave Search לוגו](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** פותח על ידי Brave ומגיש תוצאות בעיקר מאינדקס עצמאי משלו. האינדקס מותאם לחיפוש Google ולכן עשוי לספק תוצאות מדויקות יותר מבחינה הקשרית בהשוואה לחלופות אחרות. + +Brave Search כולל תכונות ייחודיות כגון דיונים, המדגישים תוצאות הממוקדות בשיחה - כגון הודעות בפורום. + +אנו ממליצים להשבית את [מדדי שימוש אנונימיים](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) מכיוון שהוא מופעל כברירת מחדל וניתן להשבית אותו בהגדרות. + +[:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=תיעוד} + + + +
Brave Search מבוסס בארצות הברית. [מדיניות הפרטיות](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) שלהם קובעת שהם אוספים מדדי שימוש מצטברים, הכוללים את מערכת ההפעלה והדפדפן שבשימוש, אולם לא נאסף מידע המאפשר זיהוי אישי. כתובות IP מעובדות באופן זמני, אך אינן נשמרות. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo לוגו](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** היא אחת האפשרויות היותר מיינסטרים במנועי חיפוש פרטיים. תכונות החיפוש הבולטות של DuckDuckGo כוללות [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) והרבה [תשובות מיידיות](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). מנוע החיפוש מסתמך על Bing API מסחרי כדי להגיש את רוב התוצאות, אך הוא משתמש במספר [מקורות אחרים](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) לתשובות מיידיות ולתוצאות אחרות שאינן ראשוניות. - - DuckDuckGo הוא מנוע החיפוש המוגדר כברירת מחדל עבור דפדפן Tor והוא אחת האפשרויות הבודדות הזמינות בדפדפן הספארי של אפל. - - [:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=תיעוד} +![DuckDuckGo לוגו](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** היא אחת האפשרויות היותר מיינסטרים במנועי חיפוש פרטיים. תכונות החיפוש הבולטות של DuckDuckGo כוללות [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) והרבה [תשובות מיידיות](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). מנוע החיפוש מסתמך על Bing API מסחרי כדי להגיש את רוב התוצאות, אך הוא משתמש במספר [מקורות אחרים](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) לתשובות מיידיות ולתוצאות אחרות שאינן ראשוניות. + +DuckDuckGo הוא מנוע החיפוש המוגדר כברירת מחדל עבור דפדפן Tor והוא אחת האפשרויות הבודדות הזמינות בדפדפן הספארי של אפל. + +[:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=תיעוד} + + + +
DuckDuckGo מבוססת בארצות הברית. [מדיניות הפרטיות](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) שלהם קובעת **שהם** שומרים את החיפושים שלך למטרות שיפור מוצרים, אך לא את כתובת ה-IP שלך או כל מידע מזהה אישי אחר. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo מציעה שתי [גרסאות אחרות](https://help.duckduckgo.c ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG לוגו](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** הוא מנוע חיפוש מטה-חיפוש, מתארח בעצמו, קוד-פתוח, אוסף את התוצאות של מנועי חיפוש אחרים מבלי לאחסן מידע בעצמו. זהו מזלג מתוחזק פעיל של [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="מופעים ציבוריים"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="קוד מקור" } +![SearXNG לוגו](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** הוא מנוע חיפוש מטה-חיפוש, מתארח בעצמו, קוד-פתוח, אוסף את התוצאות של מנועי חיפוש אחרים מבלי לאחסן מידע בעצמו. זהו מזלג מתוחזק פעיל של [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="מופעים ציבוריים"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="קוד מקור" } + + + +
SearXNG הוא פרוקסי בינך לבין מנועי החיפוש שמהם הוא צובר. שאילתות החיפוש שלך עדיין יישלחו למנועי החיפוש שמהם SearXNG מקבל את תוצאותיו. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ SearXNG הוא פרוקסי בינך לבין מנועי החיפוש שמהם ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage לוגו](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage לוגו](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** הוא מנוע חיפוש פרטי הידוע בשירות [Google ו-Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage -and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) תוצאות החיפוש. אחת התכונות הייחודיות של Startpage היא [תצוגה אנונימית](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), שמשקיעה מאמצים בסטנדרטיזציה של פעילות המשתמשים כדי להקשות על זיהוי ייחודי. התכונה יכולה להיות שימושית להסתרת [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) מאפייני הרשת והדפדפן. שלא כמו שהשם מרמז, אין להסתמך על התכונה לאנונימיות. אם אתה מחפש אנונימיות, השתמש במקום זאת ב [Tor Browser]( tor.md#tor - browser). - - [:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=תיעוד} +![Startpage לוגו](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage לוגו](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning "אזהרה" +**Startpage** הוא מנוע חיפוש פרטי הידוע בשירות [Google ו-Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage -and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) תוצאות החיפוש. אחת התכונות הייחודיות של Startpage היא [תצוגה אנונימית](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), שמשקיעה מאמצים בסטנדרטיזציה של פעילות המשתמשים כדי להקשות על זיהוי ייחודי. התכונה יכולה להיות שימושית להסתרת [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) מאפייני הרשת והדפדפן. שלא כמו שהשם מרמז, אין להסתמך על התכונה לאנונימיות. אם אתה מחפש אנונימיות, השתמש במקום זאת ב [Tor Browser]( tor.md#tor - browser). - Startpage מגביל באופן קבוע את גישת השירות לכתובות IP מסוימות, כגון כתובות IP שמורות ל-VPN או Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) ו-[Brave Search](#brave-search) הן אפשרויות ידידותיות יותר אם מודל האיום שלך דורש הסתרת כתובת ה-IP שלך מספק החיפוש. +[:octicons-home-16: דף הבית](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="מדיניות פרטיות" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=תיעוד} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage מגביל באופן קבוע את גישת השירות לכתובות IP מסוימות, כגון כתובות IP שמורות ל-VPN או Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) ו-[Brave Search](#brave-search) הן אפשרויות ידידותיות יותר אם מודל האיום שלך דורש הסתרת כתובת ה-IP שלך מספק החיפוש. + +
Startpage מבוסס בהולנד. לפי [מדיניות הפרטיות](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/) שלהם, הם רושמים פרטים כגון: מערכת הפעלה, סוג הדפדפן והשפה. הם לא רושמים את כתובת ה-IP שלך, שאילתות חיפוש או מידע אישי מזהה אחר. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage מבוסס בהולנד. לפי [מדיניות הפרטיות](https: **שים לב שאיננו קשורים לאף אחד מהפרויקטים שאנו ממליצים עליהם.** בנוסף ל [הקריטריונים הסטנדרטיים שלנו](about/criteria.md), פיתחנו סט ברור של דרישות כדי לאפשר לנו לספק המלצות אובייקטיביות. אנו מציעים לך להכיר את הרשימה הזו לפני שתבחר להשתמש בפרויקט, ולערוך מחקר משלך כדי להבטיח שזו הבחירה הנכונה עבורך. -!!! example "חלק זה הוא חדש" +
+

This section is new

- אנו עובדים על קביעת קריטריונים מוגדרים לכל קטע באתר שלנו, והדבר עשוי להשתנות. אם יש לך שאלות כלשהן לגבי הקריטריונים שלנו, אנא [שאל בפורום שלנו](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) ואל תניח שלא שקלנו משהו כשהצענו את ההמלצות שלנו אם הוא לא רשום כאן. ישנם גורמים רבים שנחשבים ונדונים כאשר אנו ממליצים על פרויקט, ותיעוד כל אחד מהם הוא עבודה בתהליך. +אנו עובדים על קביעת קריטריונים מוגדרים לכל קטע באתר שלנו, והדבר עשוי להשתנות. אם יש לך שאלות כלשהן לגבי הקריטריונים שלנו, אנא [שאל בפורום שלנו](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) ואל תניח שלא שקלנו משהו כשהצענו את ההמלצות שלנו אם הוא לא רשום כאן. ישנם גורמים רבים שנחשבים ונדונים כאשר אנו ממליצים על פרויקט, ותיעוד כל אחד מהם הוא עבודה בתהליך. + +
### דרישות מינימליות diff --git a/i18n/hi/desktop.md b/i18n/hi/desktop.md index c5757693..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/hi/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/hi/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/hi/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/hi/mobile-browsers.md index 8d7b0e9e..d6649cbe 100644 --- a/i18n/hi/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/hi/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/hi/search-engines.md b/i18n/hi/search-engines.md index ea5b4db9..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/hi/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/hi/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/hu/desktop.md b/i18n/hu/desktop.md index 9410bd07..2072d492 100644 --- a/i18n/hu/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/hu/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Követelmények diff --git a/i18n/hu/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/hu/mobile-browsers.md index 000581fc..a3d3fc44 100644 --- a/i18n/hu/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/hu/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/hu/search-engines.md b/i18n/hu/search-engines.md index 90b32197..f340d19d 100644 --- a/i18n/hu/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/hu/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Tartsd figyelemben, hogy nem állunk kapcsolatban az általunk ajánlott projektek egyikével sem.** Az [alap kritériumaink mellett](about/criteria.md), egyértelmű követelményrendszert dolgoztunk ki, hogy objektív ajánlásokat tudjunk tenni. Javasoljuk, hogy ismerkedj meg ezzel a listával, mielőtt kiválasztanál egy projektet, és végezz saját kutatásokat, hogy megbizonyosodj arról, hogy ez a megfelelő választás számodra. -!!! example "Ez a szakasz új" +
+

This section is new

- Azon dolgozunk, hogy meghatározott követelményeket állapítsunk meg az oldalunk minden egyes szakaszára vonatkozóan, és ez még változhat. Ha bármilyen kérdésed van a követelményinkkel kapcsolatban, kérjük, [kérdezz a fórumon](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest), és ne feltételezd, hogy valamit nem vettünk figyelembe az ajánlásaink elkészítésekor, ha az nem szerepel itt. Számos tényezőt veszünk figyelembe és vitatunk meg, amikor egy projektet ajánlunk, és minden egyes tényező dokumentálása folyamatban lévő munka. +Azon dolgozunk, hogy meghatározott követelményeket állapítsunk meg az oldalunk minden egyes szakaszára vonatkozóan, és ez még változhat. Ha bármilyen kérdésed van a követelményinkkel kapcsolatban, kérjük, [kérdezz a fórumon](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest), és ne feltételezd, hogy valamit nem vettünk figyelembe az ajánlásaink elkészítésekor, ha az nem szerepel itt. Számos tényezőt veszünk figyelembe és vitatunk meg, amikor egy projektet ajánlunk, és minden egyes tényező dokumentálása folyamatban lévő munka. + +
### Alap elvárások diff --git a/i18n/id/desktop.md b/i18n/id/desktop.md index 14b6b354..263b3aec 100644 --- a/i18n/id/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/id/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Kriteria diff --git a/i18n/id/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/id/mobile-browsers.md index aabeb881..dfad4bed 100644 --- a/i18n/id/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/id/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Konfigurasi yang Disarankan -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/id/search-engines.md b/i18n/id/search-engines.md index 3b9ed5ec..b41658b0 100644 --- a/i18n/id/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/id/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! peringatan +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Harap diperhatikan bahwa kami tidak berafiliasi dengan proyek-proyek yang kami rekomendasikan.** Selain [kriteria standar kami](about/criteria.md), kami telah mengembangkan serangkaian persyaratan yang jelas untuk memungkinkan kami memberikan rekomendasi yang objektif. Kami sarankan Anda membiasakan diri dengan daftar ini sebelum memilih untuk menggunakan sebuah proyek, dan melakukan penelitian sendiri untuk memastikan bahwa itu adalah pilihan yang tepat untuk Anda. -!!! contoh "Bagian ini baru" +
+

This section is new

- Kami sedang berupaya menetapkan kriteria yang jelas untuk setiap bagian dari situs kami, dan hal ini dapat berubah sewaktu-waktu. Jika Anda memiliki pertanyaan mengenai kriteria kami, silakan [tanyakan di forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) dan jangan berasumsi bahwa kami tidak mempertimbangkan sesuatu saat membuat rekomendasi jika tidak tercantum di sini. Ada banyak faktor yang dipertimbangkan dan didiskusikan saat kami merekomendasikan sebuah proyek, dan mendokumentasikan setiap faktor tersebut merupakan sebuah pekerjaan yang sedang berjalan. +Kami sedang berupaya menetapkan kriteria yang jelas untuk setiap bagian dari situs kami, dan hal ini dapat berubah sewaktu-waktu. Jika Anda memiliki pertanyaan mengenai kriteria kami, silakan [tanyakan di forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) dan jangan berasumsi bahwa kami tidak mempertimbangkan sesuatu saat membuat rekomendasi jika tidak tercantum di sini. Ada banyak faktor yang dipertimbangkan dan didiskusikan saat kami merekomendasikan sebuah proyek, dan mendokumentasikan setiap faktor tersebut merupakan sebuah pekerjaan yang sedang berjalan. + +
### Persyaratan Minimum diff --git a/i18n/it/desktop.md b/i18n/it/desktop.md index a06dfda2..16d199d9 100644 --- a/i18n/it/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/it/desktop.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ --- title: "Desktop/PC" icon: simple/linux -description: Le distribuzioni di Linux sono consigliate per la protezione della privcy e la libertà dei software. +description: Le distribuzioni di Linux sono comunemente consigliate per la protezione della privacy e la libertà dei software. cover: desktop.webp --- @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Le distribuzioni di Linux sono comunemente consigliate per la protezione della p ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di Fedora](/assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** è la distribuzione che consiigliamo per le persone nuove a Linux. Generalmente, Fedora, adotta le tecnologie più recenti prima delle altre distribuzioni, ad esempio, [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/) e [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). Queste, spesso, comportano miglioramenti alla sicurezza, privacy e utilizzabilità, in generale. - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } +![Logo di Fedora](/assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** è la distribuzione che consiigliamo per le persone nuove a Linux. Generalmente, Fedora, adotta le tecnologie più recenti prima delle altre distribuzioni, ad esempio, [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/) e [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). Queste, spesso, comportano miglioramenti alla sicurezza, privacy e utilizzabilità, in generale. + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } + + + +
Fedora ha un ciclo di rilascio semi continuo. Mentre alcuni pacchetti come [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) sono ibernati fino alla versione successiva di Fedora, gran parte di essi (incluso il kernel) sono aggiornati frequentemente durante il ciclo di vita della versione. Ogni versione di Fedora è supportata per un anno, con una nuova versione rilasciata ogni 6 mesi. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di openSUSE Tumbleweed](/assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** è una distribuzione stabile a rilascio continuo. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed dispone di un sistema di [aggiornamenti "transazionali"](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) che utilizza [Btrfs](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) e [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) per garantire che le istantanee possano essere ripristinate in caso di problemi. - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } +![Logo di openSUSE Tumbleweed](/assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** è una distribuzione stabile a rilascio continuo. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed dispone di un sistema di [aggiornamenti "transazionali"](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) che utilizza [Btrfs](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) e [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) per garantire che le istantanee possano essere ripristinate in caso di problemi. + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } + + + +
Tumbleweed segue un modello di rilascio continuo in cui ogni aggiornamento è rilasciato come un'istantanea della distribuzione. Quando l'utente aggiorna il proprio sistema, viene scaricata una nuova istantanea. Ogni istantanea viene sottoposta a una serie di test automatizzati da [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) per garantirne la qualità. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di Arch](/assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** è una distribuzione leggera e fai-da-te, il che significa che ottieni soltanto ciò che installi. Per ulteriori informazioni visita le loro [Domande Frequenti](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } +![Logo di Arch](/assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** è una distribuzione leggera e fai-da-te, il che significa che ottieni soltanto ciò che installi. Per ulteriori informazioni visita le loro [Domande Frequenti](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } + + + +
Arch Linux ha un ciclo di rilascio continuo. Non esiste un piano di rilascio fisso e i pacchetti sono aggiornati molto frequentemente. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ Gran parte dei [pacchetti di Arch Linux](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) son ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** è una variante immutabile di Fedora, fortemente incentrata sui flussi di lavoro del contenitore e sull'ambiente desktop [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). Se preferisci un ambiente differente da GNOME, esistono anche altre varianti, tra cui [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (che dispone di [KDE](https://kde.org/)) e [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (che dispone di [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), un gestore delle finestre esclusivo per [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)). Al momento, sconsigliamo [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) in quanto [richiede ancora X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). Tutte queste varianti seguono lo stesso programma di rilascio di Fedora Workstation, beneficiando degli stessi aggiornamenti veloci e restando molto vicine alla versione a monte. - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } +![Logo di Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** è una variante immutabile di Fedora, fortemente incentrata sui flussi di lavoro del contenitore e sull'ambiente desktop [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). Se preferisci un ambiente differente da GNOME, esistono anche altre varianti, tra cui [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (che dispone di [KDE](https://kde.org/)) e [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (che dispone di [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), un gestore delle finestre esclusivo per [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)). Al momento, sconsigliamo [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) in quanto [richiede ancora X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). Tutte queste varianti seguono lo stesso programma di rilascio di Fedora Workstation, beneficiando degli stessi aggiornamenti veloci e restando molto vicine alla versione a monte. + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } + + + +
Silverblue e le sue varianti differiscono da Fedora Workstation, poiché sostituiscono il gestore di pacchetti [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) con un'alternativa molto più avanzata, chiamata [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). Il gestore di pacchetti `rpm-ostree` opera scaricando un'immagine di base per il sistema, quindi sovrapponendo i pacchetti in un albero di commit simile a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git). Quando il sistema viene aggiornato, viene scaricata una nuova immagine di base e le sovrapposizioni sono applicate a questa nuova immagine. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ Come alternativa a Flatpaks, esiste l'opzione di [Toolbox](https://docs.fedorapr ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di NixOS](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS è una distribuzione indipendente basata sul gestore di pacchetti Nix, incentrata sulla riproducibilità e l'affidabilità. - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentazione} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } +![Logo di NixOS](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS è una distribuzione indipendente basata sul gestore di pacchetti Nix, incentrata sulla riproducibilità e l'affidabilità. + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentazione} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } + + + +
Il gestore di pacchetti di NixOS conserva ogni versione di ogni pacchetto in una cartella diversa del **negozio di Nix**. A causa di ciò puoi avere versioni differenti dello stesso pacchetto installate sul tuo sistema. Dopo la scrittura dei contenuti del pacchetto alla cartella, questa è resa di sola lettura. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix è un gestore di pacchetti basato sul codice sorgente; se non ne esiste alcu ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di Whonix](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** si basa su [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), una biforcazione incentrata sulla sicurezza di Debian. Mira a fornire privacy, sicurezza e anonimato su Internet. Whonix è meglio utilizzato insieme a [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Servizio Onion" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentazione} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } +![Logo di Whonix](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** si basa su [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), una biforcazione incentrata sulla sicurezza di Debian. Mira a fornire privacy, sicurezza e anonimato su Internet. Whonix è meglio utilizzato insieme a [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Servizio Onion" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentazione} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } + + + +
Whonix è pensato per operare come due macchine virtuali: una "Workstation" e un "Gateway" di Tor. Tutte le comunicazioni dalla Workstation devono passare per il gateway di Tor. Ciò significa che, anche se la Workstation fosse compromessa da un malware di qualche tipo, il vero indirizzo IP rimarrebbe nascosto. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix è utilizzato al meglio [in combinazione con Qubes](https://www.whonix.or ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di Tails](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** è un sistema operativo live basato su Debian che instrada tutte le comunicazioni attraverso Tor, che può essere avviato su quasi tutti i computer da un'installazione su DVD, chiavetta USB o scheda SD. Utilizza [Tor](tor.md) per preservare la privacy e l'anonimato, aggirando la censura e non lasciando traccia di sé sul computer utilizzato, una volta spento. - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentazione} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } +![Logo di Tails](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** è un sistema operativo live basato su Debian che instrada tutte le comunicazioni attraverso Tor, che può essere avviato su quasi tutti i computer da un'installazione su DVD, chiavetta USB o scheda SD. Utilizza [Tor](tor.md) per preservare la privacy e l'anonimato, aggirando la censura e non lasciando traccia di sé sul computer utilizzato, una volta spento. + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentazione} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } + + + +
Tail è ottimo per le controperizie grazie all'amnesia (a significare che nulla viene scritto sul disco); tuttavia, non è una distribuzione rafforzata come Whonix. Manca di molte funzionalità per l'anonimato e la sicurezza possedute da Whonix e viene aggiornato molto meno spesso (soltanto una volta ogni sei settimane). Un sistema Tails compromesso da un malware potrebbe aggirare il proxy trasparente, consentendo all'utente di essere deanonimizzato. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ Di design, Tails dovrebbe ripristinarsi completamente dopo ogni riavvio. L'[arch ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di Qubes OS](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** è un sistema operativo open-source progettato per fornire una forte sicurezza per i computer desktop attraverso macchine virtuali sicure (o "qube"). Qubes si basa su Xen, X Window System e Linux. Può eseguire la maggior parte delle applicazioni Linux e utilizzare la maggior parte dei driver Linux. - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Servizio Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentazione } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } +![Logo di Qubes OS](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** è un sistema operativo open-source progettato per fornire una forte sicurezza per i computer desktop attraverso macchine virtuali sicure (o "qube"). Qubes si basa su Xen, X Window System e Linux. Può eseguire la maggior parte delle applicazioni Linux e utilizzare la maggior parte dei driver Linux. + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Servizio Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentazione } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } + + + +
Qubes OS protegge il computer isolando i sottosistemi (ad esempio, rete, USB, ecc.) e applicazioni in *qube* separate. Se una parte del sistema dovesse essere compromessa, l'isolamento aggiuntivo potrebbe proteggere il resto delle *qube* e il sistema centrale. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ Per ulteriori informazioni sul funzionamento di Qubes, leggi la nostra pagina [P Sebbene [sconsigliamo](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) le distribuzioni "perennemente obsolete" come Debian per l'utilizzo da desktop in gran parte dei casi, Kicksecure è un sistema operativo basato su Debian, rafforzato al punto da essere di molto migliore, di una tipica installazione di Linux. -!!! recommendation "consiglio" +
- ![Logo di Kicksecure](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**, in breve, consiste in una serie di script, configurazioni e pacchetti che riducono sostanzialmente la superficie di attacco di Debian. Copre di default molti dei consigli sulla privacy e la sicurezza. Inoltre, serve da OS di base per [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Politica sulla Privacy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentazione } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } +![Logo di Kicksecure](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**, in breve, consiste in una serie di script, configurazioni e pacchetti che riducono sostanzialmente la superficie di attacco di Debian. Copre di default molti dei consigli sulla privacy e la sicurezza. Inoltre, serve da OS di base per [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Politica sulla Privacy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentazione } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribuisci } + + + +
## Criteri diff --git a/i18n/it/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/it/mobile-browsers.md index e75045cd..fc0c2234 100644 --- a/i18n/it/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/it/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Su iOS, qualsiasi app che possa navigare sul web è [limitata](https://developer ![Logo di Safari](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** è il browser predefinito di iOS. Include [funzionalità per la privacy](https://support.apple.com/it-it/guide/iphone/iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) come [Prevenzione intelligente del tracciamento](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Report sulla Privacy, schede di navigazione private isolate ed effimere, Relay Privato iCloud e la riduzione delle impronte digitali presentando ai siti web una versione semplificata della configurazione del sistema in modo che più dispositivi sembrino identici. + **Safari** è il browser predefinito di iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ Su iOS, qualsiasi app che possa navigare sul web è [limitata](https://developer #### Configurazione consigliata -Queste opzioni si possono trovare in :gear: **Impostazioni** → **Safari** → **Privacy e Sicurezza**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Prevenzione del Tracciamento Tra Siti +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy e sicurezza - [x] Abilita **Impedisci Tracciamento Tra Siti** -Ciò abilita la [Protezione Intelligente dal Tracciamento](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp) di WebKit. La funzionalità iuta a proteggere dal tracciamento indesiderato utilizzando l'apprendimento automatico su dispositivo per bloccare i tracciatori. ITP protegge da molte minacce comuni, ma non blocca tutte le vie di tracciamento, poiché è progettata per non interferire con l'utilizzabilità del sito web. + Ciò abilita la [Protezione Intelligente dal Tracciamento](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp) di WebKit. La funzionalità iuta a proteggere dal tracciamento indesiderato utilizzando l'apprendimento automatico su dispositivo per bloccare i tracciatori. ITP protegge da molte minacce comuni, ma non blocca tutte le vie di tracciamento, poiché è progettata per non interferire con l'utilizzabilità del sito web. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Rapporto sulla Privacy diff --git a/i18n/it/search-engines.md b/i18n/it/search-engines.md index 35a82515..f2f33119 100644 --- a/i18n/it/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/it/search-engines.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ --- -meta_title: "Motori di ricerca consigliati: alternative anonime a Google - Privacy Guides" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" title: "Motori di ricerca" icon: material/search-web -description: Questi motori di ricerca che rispettano la privacy, non costruiscono un profilo pubblicitario secondo le tue ricerche. +description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp --- @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Considera di utilizzare un [VPN](vpn.md) o [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/), s ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di Brave Search](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** è sviluppato da Brave e fornisce principalmente risultati dal proprio indice indipendente. L'indice è ottimizzato rispetto a Google Search e, dunque, potrebbe fornire risultati contestualmente più accurati, rispetto ad altre alternative. - - Brave Search dispone di funzionalità uniche come le Discussioni, che evidenziano i risultati incentrati sulle conversazioni, come i post dei forum. - - Ti consigliamo di disabilitare i [Parametri d'utilizzo anonimi](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics), essendo abilitati di default e disabilitabili nelle impostazioni. - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Servizio Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Politica sulla Privacy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentazione} +![Logo di Brave Search](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** è sviluppato da Brave e fornisce principalmente risultati dal proprio indice indipendente. L'indice è ottimizzato rispetto a Google Search e, dunque, potrebbe fornire risultati contestualmente più accurati, rispetto ad altre alternative. + +Brave Search dispone di funzionalità uniche come le Discussioni, che evidenziano i risultati incentrati sulle conversazioni, come i post dei forum. + +Ti consigliamo di disabilitare i [Parametri d'utilizzo anonimi](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics), essendo abilitati di default e disabilitabili nelle impostazioni. + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Servizio Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Politica sulla Privacy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentazione} + + + +
Brave Search ha sede negli Stati Uniti. La loro [politica sulla privacy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) dichiara che raccolgono parametri d'utilizzo aggregati, che includono il sistema operativo e il browser in uso, tuttavia, nessuna informazione personalmente identificabile viene raccolta. Gli indirizzi IP sono elaborati temporaneamente, ma non conservati. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di DuckDuckGo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** è uno dei motori di ricerca privati più popolari. Tra le funzionalità di ricerca di DuckDuckGo, le più notevoli sono i [bang](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) e molte [risposte istantanee](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). Il motore di ricerca si affida all'API commerciale di Bing per servire gran parte dei risultati, ma utilizza numerose [altre fonti](https://duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) per le risposte istantanee e altri risultati secondari. - - DuckDuckGo è il motore di ricerca predefinito per il Tor Browser, nonché una delle poche opzioni disponibili sul browser Safari di Apple. - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Servizio Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Politica sulla Privacy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} +![Logo di DuckDuckGo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** è uno dei motori di ricerca privati più popolari. Tra le funzionalità di ricerca di DuckDuckGo, le più notevoli sono i [bang](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) e molte [risposte istantanee](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). Il motore di ricerca si affida all'API commerciale di Bing per servire gran parte dei risultati, ma utilizza numerose [altre fonti](https://duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) per le risposte istantanee e altri risultati secondari. + +DuckDuckGo è il motore di ricerca predefinito per il Tor Browser, nonché una delle poche opzioni disponibili sul browser Safari di Apple. + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Servizio Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Politica sulla Privacy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentazione} + + + +
DuckDuckGo ha sede negli Stati Uniti. La loro [politica sulla privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) dichiara che **registrano** le tue ricerche per scopi di miglioramento del prodotto, ma non il tuo indirizzo IP o alcuna altra informazione personalmente identificabile. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offre [altre due versioni](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-j ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di SearXNG](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** è un motore di meta-ricerca open source e ospitabile autonomamente, che aggrega i risultati di altri motori di ricerca, non memorizzando alcuna informazione. È un fork attivamente mantenuto di [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Istanze Pubbliche"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" } +![Logo di SearXNG](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** è un motore di meta-ricerca open source e ospitabile autonomamente, che aggrega i risultati di altri motori di ricerca, non memorizzando alcuna informazione. È un fork attivamente mantenuto di [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Istanze Pubbliche"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" } + + + +
SearXNG è un proxy tra te e i motori di ricerca da cui aggrega. Le tue richieste di ricerca saranno comunque inviate ai motori di ricerca da cui SearXNG ottiene i propri risultati. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ Utilizzando un'istanza di SearXNG, assicurati di leggere la loro politica sulla ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Logo di Startpage](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Logo di Startpage](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** è un motore di ricerca privato conosciuto per fornire risultati di ricerca da [Google e Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435353844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-). Una delle funzionalità uniche di Staartpage è la [Visualizzazione Anonima](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), che si sforza per standardizzare l'attività degli utenti, per complicare l'identificazione univoca. Tale funzionalità può essere utile per nascondere [alcune](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) reti e proprietà del browser. A differenza di quanto suggerito dal nome, non ci si dovrebbe affidare a tale funzionalità per l'anonimato. Se cerchi l'anonimato, piuttosto, utilizza il [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser). - - [:octicons-home-16: Home](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Politica sulla Privacy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentazione} +![Logo di Startpage](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Logo di Startpage](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning "Attenzione" +**Startpage** è un motore di ricerca privato conosciuto per fornire risultati di ricerca da [Google e Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435353844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-). Una delle funzionalità uniche di Staartpage è la [Visualizzazione Anonima](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), che si sforza per standardizzare l'attività degli utenti, per complicare l'identificazione univoca. Tale funzionalità può essere utile per nascondere [alcune](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) reti e proprietà del browser. A differenza di quanto suggerito dal nome, non ci si dovrebbe affidare a tale funzionalità per l'anonimato. Se cerchi l'anonimato, piuttosto, utilizza il [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser). - Startpage limita regolarmente l'accesso al servizio a certi indirizzi IP, come gli IP riservati alle VPN o a Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) e [Brave Search](#brave-search) sono opzioni più amichevoli se il tuo modello di minaccia ti richiede di nascondere l'indirizzo IP dal fornitore della ricerca. +[:octicons-home-16: Home](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Politica sulla Privacy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentazione} + + + +
+ +
+

Avviso

+ +Startpage limita regolarmente l'accesso al servizio a certi indirizzi IP, come gli IP riservati alle VPN o a Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) e [Brave Search](#brave-search) sono opzioni più amichevoli se il tuo modello di minaccia ti richiede di nascondere l'indirizzo IP dal fornitore della ricerca. + +
Startpage ha sede nei Paesi Bassi. Secondo la loro [politica sulla privacy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), registrano dettagli come: sistema operativo, tipo di browser e lingua. Non registrano il tuo indirizzo IP, le richieste di ricerca o altre informazioni personalmente identificabili. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ L'azionista di maggioranza di Startpage è System1, un'azienda di tecnologie ins **Ti preghiamo di notare che non siamo affiliati con alcun progetto consigliato.** Oltre ai [nostri criteri standard](about/criteria.md), abbiamo sviluppato una serie chiara di requisiti per consentirci di fornire consigli oggettivi. Ti suggeriamo di familiarizzare con questi elenchi, prima di scegliere di utilizzare un progetto e di condurre le tue ricerche per assicurarti che si tratti della scelta migliore per te. -!!! example "Questa sezione è nuova" +
+

Questa sezione è nuova

- Stiamo lavorando per stabilire i criteri definiti per ogni sezione del nostro sito e, questa, potrebbe essere soggetta a modifiche. Se hai qualsiasi domanda sui nostri criteri, ti preghiamo di [chiedere sul nostro forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) e di non supporre che non abbiamo considerato qualcosa, formulando i nostri consigli, se non elencato qui. Molti fattori sono presi in considerazione e discussi quando consigliamo un progetto e la documentazione di ognuno è in lavorazione. +Stiamo lavorando per stabilire i criteri definiti per ogni sezione del nostro sito e, questa, potrebbe essere soggetta a modifiche. Se hai qualsiasi domanda sui nostri criteri, ti preghiamo di [chiedere sul nostro forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) e di non supporre che non abbiamo considerato qualcosa, formulando i nostri consigli, se non elencato qui. Molti fattori sono presi in considerazione e discussi quando consigliamo un progetto e la documentazione di ognuno è in lavorazione. + +
### Requisiti minimi diff --git a/i18n/ja/desktop.md b/i18n/ja/desktop.md index aedcac9f..a2a22666 100644 --- a/i18n/ja/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/ja/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedoraワークステーション -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: ホームページ](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=ドキュメンテーション} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=貢献 } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: ホームページ](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=ドキュメンテーション} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=貢献 } + + + +
Arch Linuxには、ローリングリリースサイクルがあります。 There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: ホームページ](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=ドキュメンテーション} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=貢献 } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: ホームページ](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=ドキュメンテーション} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=貢献 } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” Workstationからのすべての通信は、必ずTorゲートウェイを通過することになります。 This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! 推奨事項 +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. また、 [Whonix](#whonix) のもとのOSとしても機能しています。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. また、 [Whonix](#whonix) のもとのOSとしても機能しています。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## 規準 diff --git a/i18n/ja/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/ja/mobile-browsers.md index 5c7475a4..3e2b0910 100644 --- a/i18n/ja/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/ja/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### 推奨する設定 -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### クロスサイト・トラッキングの防止 +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### プライバシーとセキュリティ - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### プライバシーレポート diff --git a/i18n/ja/search-engines.md b/i18n/ja/search-engines.md index 93b3081b..b788b352 100644 --- a/i18n/ja/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/ja/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Searchは米国に拠点を置いています。 Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGoは米国に拠点を置いています。 Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! 警告 +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **私たちは、推薦するどのプロジェクトとも提携していません。**客観的に推薦できるよう、[標準となる規準](about/criteria.md)に加えて、一連の明確な要件を定めています。 プロジェクトを利用する前に、このリストをよく理解し、ご自身で調査を行って、そのプロジェクトがあなたにとって適切な選択かどうかをご確認ください。 -!!! example "この項目は最近作成されました" +
+

This section is new

- 私たちは、サイトの各項目に関して、定義された規準の確立に取り組んでいます。この規準は変更される可能性があります。 規準について疑問がある場合は、[フォーラムで質問](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest)してください。また、ここに記載されていない場合でも、私たちがプロジェクトを推奨する際に、そうした事柄を考慮しなかったと仮定するのはお止めください。 プロジェクトを推奨する際に考慮され、議論される要素は多くあり、そのすべてを文書化する作業は現在進行中です。 +私たちは、サイトの各項目に関して、定義された規準の確立に取り組んでいます。この規準は変更される可能性があります。 規準について疑問がある場合は、[フォーラムで質問](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest)してください。また、ここに記載されていない場合でも、私たちがプロジェクトを推奨する際に、そうした事柄を考慮しなかったと仮定するのはお止めください。 プロジェクトを推奨する際に考慮され、議論される要素は多くあり、そのすべてを文書化する作業は現在進行中です。 + +
### 最低要件 diff --git a/i18n/ko/desktop.md b/i18n/ko/desktop.md index 08cca65b..2cd5519b 100644 --- a/i18n/ko/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/ko/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ cover: desktop.webp ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation**는 리눅스를 처음 사용하시는 분들에게 추천드리는 배포판입니다. Fedora는 보통 다른 배포판보다 먼저 최신 기술([Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org) 등)을 채택합니다. 최신 기술은 대개 보안, 프라이버시, 사용성을 개선하는 효과를 가져옵니다. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation**는 리눅스를 처음 사용하시는 분들에게 추천드리는 배포판입니다. Fedora는 보통 다른 배포판보다 먼저 최신 기술([Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org) 등)을 채택합니다. 최신 기술은 대개 보안, 프라이버시, 사용성을 개선하는 효과를 가져옵니다. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora는 반-롤링 릴리스 방식입니다. [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) 등 일부 패키지는 다음 Fedora 릴리스 전까지 고정되지만, 커널을 포함한 대부분의 패키지는 릴리스 수명 기간 동안 자주 업데이트됩니다. 각각의 Fedora 릴리스는 1년간 지원되며, 6개월마다 새 버전이 출시됩니다. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed**는 안정적인 롤링 릴리스 배포판입니다. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed에는 [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs), [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial)를 사용한 [트랜잭션 업데이트](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) 시스템이 존재하기 때문에 문제가 발생할 경우 스냅샷 롤백이 가능합니다. - - [:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=문서} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=기여 } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed**는 안정적인 롤링 릴리스 배포판입니다. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed에는 [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs), [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial)를 사용한 [트랜잭션 업데이트](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) 시스템이 존재하기 때문에 문제가 발생할 경우 스냅샷 롤백이 가능합니다. + +[:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=문서} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=기여 } + + + +
Tumbleweed는 각 업데이트가 배포판 스냅샷으로 릴리스되는 롤링 릴리스 방식입니다. 시스템을 업그레이드 할 경우, 새 스냅샷이 다운로드됩니다. 각각의 스냅샷은 [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org)에서 일련의 자동화된 테스트를 거쳐 품질이 보장됩니다. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux**는 여러분이 원하는 것만 설치해서 사용할 수 있는, 간결함과 DIY(Do It Yourself) 특성을 지닌 배포판입니다. 자세한 내용은 Arch Linux [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions)를 참고해 주세요. - - [:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=문서} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=기부 } +![Arch 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux**는 여러분이 원하는 것만 설치해서 사용할 수 있는, 간결함과 DIY(Do It Yourself) 특성을 지닌 배포판입니다. 자세한 내용은 Arch Linux [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions)를 참고해 주세요. + +[:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=문서} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=기부 } + + + +
Arch Linux는 롤링 릴리스 방식입니다. 정해진 릴리스가 존재하지 않으며, 패키지는 매우 자주 업데이트됩니다. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ DIY 배포판이므로 여러분은 자신의 시스템을 여러분 자신이 [ ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). `rpm-ostree` 패키지 관리자는 시스템의 베이스 이미지를 다운로드한 이후 [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)과 유사한 커밋 트리에서 패키지를 오버레이하는 방식으로 작동합니다. 시스템을 업데이트하는 경우, 새로운 베이스 이미지를 다운로드하고 해당 이미지에 오버레이합니다. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS는 재현성과 안전성에 중점을 둔 Nix 패키지 관리자를 기반으로 하는 독립 배포판입니다. - - [:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=문서} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=기부 } +![NixOS 로고](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS는 재현성과 안전성에 중점을 둔 Nix 패키지 관리자를 기반으로 하는 독립 배포판입니다. + +[:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=문서} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=기부 } + + + +
NixOS 패키지 매니저는 모든 패키지의 모든 버전을 **Nix Store**의 폴더에 따로 보관합니다. 따라서, 동일한 하나의 패키지를 시스템에 여러 버전으로 설치할 수 있습니다. 패키지 내용이 폴더에 작성되면 해당 폴더는 읽기 전용으로 설정됩니다. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion 서비스" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=문서} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=기부 } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion 서비스" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=문서} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=기부 } + + + +
Whonix는 'Workstation'과 Tor 'Gateway'라는 두 개의 가상 머신으로 구성되어 실행됩니다. Workstation 에서 발생하는 모든 통신은 반드시 Tor Gateway를 통과합니다. 즉, Workstation이 만약 멀웨어에 의해 손상된다 할지라도, 실제 IP 주소는 노출되지 않습니다. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=문서} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=기부 } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=문서} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=기부 } + + + +
Tails는 휘발성(디스크에 아무것도 기록되지 않음) 특성으로 인해 포렌식 방어에 적합하지만, Whonix 처럼 특별히 보안이 강화된 배포판은 아닙니다. Whonix에 비해 많은 익명성, 보안 기능이 부족하며, 업데이트 빈도 또한 훨씬 낮습니다(Tails는 6주에 한 번 업데이트가 제공됩니다). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ Tails는 재부팅 시마다 완전히 초기화되도록 설계되었습니다. ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## 평가 기준 diff --git a/i18n/ko/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/ko/mobile-browsers.md index eb95167a..5d44fb1f 100644 --- a/i18n/ko/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/ko/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ iOS에서는 웹 브라우징이 가능한 모든 앱이 Apple에서 제공하 ![Safari 로고](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari**는 iOS 기본 브라우저입니다. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari**는 iOS 기본 브라우저입니다. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/kr/legal/privacy/data/ko/safari/){ .card-link title="프라이버시 정책" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ iOS에서는 웹 브라우징이 가능한 모든 앱이 Apple에서 제공하 #### 권장 설정 -이러한 옵션은 :gear: **설정** → **Safari** → **개인정보 보호 및 보안**에서 확인할 수 있습니다. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### 크로스 사이트 추적 방지 +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### 개인 정보 및 보안 - [x] **크로스 사이트 추적 방지** 활성화 -Webkit의 [지능형 추적 방지](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp)가 활성화됩니다. 해당 기능은 온 디바이스(On-device) 머신 러닝을 이용해 추적기를 중단시켜 원치 않는 추적을 방지하는 데 도움을 줍니다. 지능형 추적 방지는 많은 일반적인 위협을 방지하지만, 웹사이트 사용성을 방지하지 않도록 설계되었기 때문에 모든 추적 경로를 차단하지는 않습니다. + Webkit의 [지능형 추적 방지](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp)가 활성화됩니다. 해당 기능은 온 디바이스(On-device) 머신 러닝을 이용해 추적기를 중단시켜 원치 않는 추적을 방지하는 데 도움을 줍니다. 지능형 추적 방지는 많은 일반적인 위협을 방지하지만, 웹사이트 사용성을 방지하지 않도록 설계되었기 때문에 모든 추적 경로를 차단하지는 않습니다. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### 개인정보 보호 리포트 diff --git a/i18n/ko/search-engines.md b/i18n/ko/search-engines.md index ca6fc521..65e021cb 100644 --- a/i18n/ko/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/ko/search-engines.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ --- -meta_title: "검색 엔진 권장 목록: Google 검색 대체제 익명 서비스 - Privacy Guides" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" title: "검색 엔진" icon: material/search-web -description: 프라이버시 중점 검색 엔진은 여러분의 검색 내용을 기반으로 광고 프로필을 구축하지 않습니다. +description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp --- @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ cover: search-engines.webp ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search 로고](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search**는 Brave에서 개발했으며, 주로 자체적으로 구축한 독립 색인으로 검색 결과를 제공합니다. 해당 색인은 Google 검색에 최적화되어 있으므로, 다른 대안에 비해 문맥상 더 정확한 결과를 제공할 수 있습니다. - - Brave Search는 포럼 게시물 같은 대화 중심 결과를 강조 표시하는 Discussions 등 독특한 기능이 존재합니다. - - 기본 활성화된 [익명 사용량 지표](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics)는 설정에서 비활성화 가능하므로, 비활성화 할 것을 추천드립니다. - - [:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion 서비스" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="프라이버시 정책" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=문서} +![Brave Search 로고](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search**는 Brave에서 개발했으며, 주로 자체적으로 구축한 독립 색인으로 검색 결과를 제공합니다. 해당 색인은 Google 검색에 최적화되어 있으므로, 다른 대안에 비해 문맥상 더 정확한 결과를 제공할 수 있습니다. + +Brave Search는 포럼 게시물 같은 대화 중심 결과를 강조 표시하는 Discussions 등 독특한 기능이 존재합니다. + +기본 활성화된 [익명 사용량 지표](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics)는 설정에서 비활성화 가능하므로, 비활성화 할 것을 추천드립니다. + +[:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion 서비스" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="프라이버시 정책" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=문서} + + + +
Brave Search 본사는 미국에 위치하고 있습니다. [프라이버시 정책](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)에 따르면, 사용 중인 운영 체제 및 브라우저를 포함한 집계된 사용량 지표는 수집하지만, 개인 식별 정보는 수집하지 않는다고 명시되어 있습니다. IP 주소는 일시적으로 처리되지만 보관되지는 않습니다. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo 로고](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo**는 대표적인 비공개 검색 엔진 중 하나입니다. 주요 검색 기능으로는 [Bang](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) 및 다양한 [즉각적 답변(Instant Answers)](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/) 등이 있습니다. 상업용 Bing API를 이용해 대부분의 결과를 제공하지만, 즉각적 답변 및 (주요 검색 결과 외의) 기타 결과에는 [수많은 소스](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/)를 이용합니다. - - DuckDuckGo는 Tor 브라우저의 기본 검색 엔진이며, Apple Safari 브라우저에서 사용 가능한 몇 안되는 선택지 중 하나이기도 합니다. - - [:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion 서비스" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="프라이버시 정책" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=문서} +![DuckDuckGo 로고](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo**는 대표적인 비공개 검색 엔진 중 하나입니다. 주요 검색 기능으로는 [Bang](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) 및 다양한 [즉각적 답변(Instant Answers)](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/) 등이 있습니다. 상업용 Bing API를 이용해 대부분의 결과를 제공하지만, 즉각적 답변 및 (주요 검색 결과 외의) 기타 결과에는 [수많은 소스](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/)를 이용합니다. + +DuckDuckGo는 Tor 브라우저의 기본 검색 엔진이며, Apple Safari 브라우저에서 사용 가능한 몇 안되는 선택지 중 하나이기도 합니다. + +[:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion 서비스" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="프라이버시 정책" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=문서} + + + +
DuckDuckGo 본사는 미국에 위치하고 있습니다. [프라이버시 정책](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)에 따르면 제품 개선 목적으로 검색 내용을 **기록하지만**, IP 주소 및 기타 개인 식별 정보는 기록하지 않는다고 명시되어 있습니다. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo는 JavaScript 없이 사용 가능한 버전을 [두 가지](https:// ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG 로고](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG**는 자체 호스팅 가능한 오픈 소스 메타 검색 엔진입니다. 메타 검색 엔진은 자체적으로 정보를 제공하지 않고 다른 검색 엔진의 결과를 종합합니다. SearXNG는 [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx)로부터 포크된 프로젝트로, 활발하게 유지 관리되고 있습니다. - - [:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="공개 인스턴스"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="소스 코드" } +![SearXNG 로고](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG**는 자체 호스팅 가능한 오픈 소스 메타 검색 엔진입니다. 메타 검색 엔진은 자체적으로 정보를 제공하지 않고 다른 검색 엔진의 결과를 종합합니다. SearXNG는 [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx)로부터 포크된 프로젝트로, 활발하게 유지 관리되고 있습니다. + +[:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="공개 인스턴스"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="소스 코드" } + + + +
SearXNG는 여러분과 (SearXNG가 결과를 가져오는) 검색 엔진들 사이의 프록시입니다. 여러분의 검색 쿼리는 SearXNG가 결과를 가져오는 검색 엔진으로도 전송됩니다. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ SearXNG 인스턴스를 사용하는 경우에는 해당 인스턴스의 프라 ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage 로고](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage 로고](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage**는 [Google, Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) 검색 결과를 제공하는 것으로 유명한 비공개 검색 엔진입니다. 독특한 기능 중 하나로 '[익명 보기(Anonymous View)](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/)'라는, 사용자 활동을 표준화해 고유 식별을 어렵게 만드는 기능이 있습니다. 이 기능은 네트워크, 브라우저 관련 [일부 속성](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details)을 감추는 데에 유용할 수 있습니다. 단, 명칭과는 다르게 해당 기능은 익명성 면에서 의존해서는 안 됩니다. 익명성이 필요한 경우에는 [Tor 브라우저](tor.md#tor-browser)를 사용하세요. - - [:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="프라이버시 정책" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=문서} +![Startpage 로고](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage 로고](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning "경고" +**Startpage**는 [Google, Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) 검색 결과를 제공하는 것으로 유명한 비공개 검색 엔진입니다. 독특한 기능 중 하나로 '[익명 보기(Anonymous View)](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/)'라는, 사용자 활동을 표준화해 고유 식별을 어렵게 만드는 기능이 있습니다. 이 기능은 네트워크, 브라우저 관련 [일부 속성](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details)을 감추는 데에 유용할 수 있습니다. 단, 명칭과는 다르게 해당 기능은 익명성 면에서 의존해서는 안 됩니다. 익명성이 필요한 경우에는 [Tor 브라우저](tor.md#tor-browser)를 사용하세요. - Startpage는 VPN이나 Tor에서 쓰이는 IP 등 특정 IP 주소를 자주 차단합니다. 위협 모델상 검색 서비스 제공 업체에게 IP를 노출하지 않고자 하는 분의 경우, [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo), [Brave Search](#brave-search)가 더 편리한 선택입니다. +[:octicons-home-16: 홈페이지](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="프라이버시 정책" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=문서} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage는 VPN이나 Tor에서 쓰이는 IP 등 특정 IP 주소를 자주 차단합니다. 위협 모델상 검색 서비스 제공 업체에게 IP를 노출하지 않고자 하는 분의 경우, [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo), [Brave Search](#brave-search)가 더 편리한 선택입니다. + +
Startpage 본사는 네덜란드에 위치하고 있습니다. [프라이버시 정책](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/)에 따르면, 운영 체제, 브라우저 유형, 언어 등 세부 정보를 기록합니다. IP 주소, 검색 쿼리 및 그 외 개인 식별 정보는 기록하지 않습니다. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage 대주주는 System1이라는 애드테크 회사입니다. 별도의 **Privacy Guides는 권장 목록의 어떠한 프로젝트와도 제휴를 맺지 않았습니다.** 객관적인 권장 목록을 제공하기 위해, [일반적인 평가 기준](about/criteria.md)에 더해 명확한 요구 사항을 정립하였습니다. 어떠한 프로젝트를 선택해 사용하기 전에, 이러한 요구 사항들을 숙지하고 여러분 스스로 조사하는 과정을 거쳐 적절한 선택을 하시기 바랍니다. -!!! example "이 단락은 최근에 만들어졌습니다" +
+

This section is new

- Privacy Guides 팀은 사이트의 모든 항목마다 명확한 평가 기준을 정립하는 중이며, 따라서 세부 내용은 변경될 수 있습니다. 평가 기준에 대해서 질문이 있다면 [포럼에서 문의](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest)하시기 바랍니다. (무언가가 목록에 존재하지 않다고 해서 권장 목록을 작성할 때 고려한 적이 없을 것으로 단정 짓지 마세요.) 권장 목록에 어떤 프로젝트를 추가할 때 고려하고 논의해야 할 요소는 매우 많으며, 모든 요소를 문서화하는 것은 현재 진행 중인 작업입니다. +Privacy Guides 팀은 사이트의 모든 항목마다 명확한 평가 기준을 정립하는 중이며, 따라서 세부 내용은 변경될 수 있습니다. 평가 기준에 대해서 질문이 있다면 [포럼에서 문의](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest)하시기 바랍니다. (무언가가 목록에 존재하지 않다고 해서 권장 목록을 작성할 때 고려한 적이 없을 것으로 단정 짓지 마세요.) 권장 목록에 어떤 프로젝트를 추가할 때 고려하고 논의해야 할 요소는 매우 많으며, 모든 요소를 문서화하는 것은 현재 진행 중인 작업입니다. + +
### 최소 요구 사항 diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop.md index c5757693..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/mobile-browsers.md index 8d7b0e9e..d6649cbe 100644 --- a/i18n/ku-IQ/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/search-engines.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/search-engines.md index ea5b4db9..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/ku-IQ/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/nl/desktop.md b/i18n/nl/desktop.md index 390bf6e2..130e5b1c 100644 --- a/i18n/nl/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/nl/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux-distributies worden algemeen aanbevolen voor privacybescherming en softwar ### Fedora Werkstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is onze aanbevolen distributie voor mensen die nieuw zijn met Linux. Fedora adopteert over het algemeen nieuwere technologieën dan andere distributies, b.v. [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org), en binnenkort. Deze nieuwe technologieën gaan vaak gepaard met verbeteringen op het gebied van veiligheid, privacy en bruikbaarheid in het algemeen. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is onze aanbevolen distributie voor mensen die nieuw zijn met Linux. Fedora adopteert over het algemeen nieuwere technologieën dan andere distributies, b.v. [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org), en binnenkort. Deze nieuwe technologieën gaan vaak gepaard met verbeteringen op het gebied van veiligheid, privacy en bruikbaarheid in het algemeen. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora heeft een semi-rollende release cyclus. Terwijl sommige pakketten zoals [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) bevroren worden tot de volgende Fedora uitgave, worden de meeste pakketten (inclusief de kernel) regelmatig bijgewerkt gedurende de levensduur van de uitgave. Elke Fedora release wordt een jaar lang ondersteund, met elke 6 maanden een nieuwe versie. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is een stabiele distributie met rollende release. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed heeft een [transactionele update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) systeem dat gebruik maakt van [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) en [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) om ervoor te zorgen dat snapshots kunnen worden teruggerold mocht er een probleem zijn. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentatie} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Bijdragen} +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is een stabiele distributie met rollende release. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed heeft een [transactionele update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) systeem dat gebruik maakt van [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) en [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) om ervoor te zorgen dat snapshots kunnen worden teruggerold mocht er een probleem zijn. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentatie} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Bijdragen} + + + +
Tumbleweed volgt een rollend release-model waarbij elke update wordt vrijgegeven als een momentopname van de distributie. Wanneer je jouw systeem upgrade, wordt een nieuwe momentopname gedownload. Elke momentopname wordt door [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) aan een reeks geautomatiseerde tests onderworpen om de kwaliteit ervan te verzekeren. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is een lichtgewicht, doe-het-zelf (DIY) distributie, wat betekent dat u alleen krijgt wat u installeert. Zie voor meer informatie hun [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentatie} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Bijdragen} +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is een lichtgewicht, doe-het-zelf (DIY) distributie, wat betekent dat u alleen krijgt wat u installeert. Zie voor meer informatie hun [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentatie} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Bijdragen} + + + +
Arch Linux heeft een doorlopende uitgavecyclus. Er is geen vast releaseschema en pakketten worden zeer frequent bijgewerkt. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ Een groot deel van [Arch Linux's pakketten](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). De `rpm-ostree` pakketbeheerder werkt door een basis image voor het systeem te downloaden, en er dan pakketten overheen te leggen in een [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-achtige commit tree. Wanneer het systeem wordt bijgewerkt, wordt een nieuw basisbeeld gedownload en worden de overlays op dat nieuwe beeld toegepast. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ Als alternatief voor Flatpaks is er de optie [Toolbox](https://docs.fedoraprojec ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is een onafhankelijke distributie gebaseerd op de Nix pakketbeheerder met een focus op reproduceerbaarheid en betrouwbaarheid. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentatie} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Bijdragen} +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is een onafhankelijke distributie gebaseerd op de Nix pakketbeheerder met een focus op reproduceerbaarheid en betrouwbaarheid. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentatie} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Bijdragen} + + + +
De pakketbeheerder van NixOS bewaart elke versie van elk pakket in een andere map in de **Nix store**. Hierdoor kun je verschillende versies van hetzelfde pakket op jouw systeem geïnstalleerd hebben. Nadat de inhoud van het pakket naar de map is geschreven, wordt de map alleen-lezen gemaakt. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is een source-based package manager; als er geen pre-built beschikbaar is in ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. Het is gefocust op privacy, veiligheid en anonimiteit op het internet te bieden. Whonix wordt het best gebruikt in combinatie met [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentatie} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Dragen bij } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. Het is gefocust op privacy, veiligheid en anonimiteit op het internet te bieden. Whonix wordt het best gebruikt in combinatie met [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentatie} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Dragen bij } + + + +
Whonix is bedoeld om te draaien als twee virtuele machines: een "Workstation" en een Tor "Gateway" Alle communicatie van het werkstation moet via de Tor-gateway gaan. Dit betekent dat zelfs als het werkstation wordt gecompromitteerd door malware, het ware IP-adres verborgen blijft. @@ -126,13 +150,17 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is een live besturingssysteem gebaseerd op Debian dat alle communicatie via Tor laat lopen. Hij kan op bijna elke computer opstarten vanaf een DVD, USB-stick of SD-kaart. - - Het is bedoeld om de privacy en anonimiteit te bewaren, censuur te omzeilen en geen sporen achter te laten op de computer waarop het wordt gebruikt. +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is een live besturingssysteem gebaseerd op Debian dat alle communicatie via Tor laat lopen. Hij kan op bijna elke computer opstarten vanaf een DVD, USB-stick of SD-kaart. + +Het is bedoeld om de privacy en anonimiteit te bewaren, censuur te omzeilen en geen sporen achter te laten op de computer waarop het wordt gebruikt. + + + +
Het is de bedoeling dat Tails zichzelf reset na elke reboot. Versleutelde [persistente opslag](https://tails. boum. org/doc/first_steps/persistence/index. en. html) kan worden geconfigureerd om bepaalde gegevens op te slaan. Een Tails-systeem dat door malware is aangetast, kan de transparante proxy omzeilen, waardoor de gebruiker kan worden gedeanonimiseerd. @@ -144,18 +172,22 @@ Het is de bedoeling dat Tails zichzelf volledig reset na elke herstart. Een vers ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -165,17 +197,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. Het dekt standaard een heleboel aanbevelingen voor privacy en hardening. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. Het dekt standaard een heleboel aanbevelingen voor privacy en hardening. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/nl/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/nl/mobile-browsers.md index 7e3d8f48..33aa33a4 100644 --- a/i18n/nl/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/nl/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Op iOS is elke app die op het web kan surfen beperkt tot [](https://developer.ap ![Safari-logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is de standaardbrowser in iOS. Het bevat [privacy functies](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) zoals [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit. rg/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-preventie/), Privacy report, geïsoleerd privébrowsing tabbladen, iCloud Private Relay, en vermindering van vingerafdrukken door een vereenvoudigde versie van de systeemconfiguratie aan websites voor te leggen, zodat meer apparaten er identiek uitzien. + **Safari** is de standaardbrowser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacybeleid" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ Op iOS is elke app die op het web kan surfen beperkt tot [](https://developer.ap #### Aanbevolen configuratie -Deze opties zijn te vinden onder :gear: **Instellingen** → **Safari** → **Privacy en beveiliging**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Preventie van Cross-Site Tracking +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & beveiliging - [x] Activeer **Voorkom Cross-Site Tracking** -Dit maakt WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp)mogelijk. De functie helpt beschermen tegen ongewenste tracking door gebruik te maken van on-device machine learning om trackers te stoppen. ITP beschermt tegen veel voorkomende bedreigingen, maar blokkeert niet alle tracking-wegen omdat het is ontworpen om de bruikbaarheid van websites niet te hinderen. + Dit maakt WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp)mogelijk. De functie helpt beschermen tegen ongewenste tracking door gebruik te maken van on-device machine learning om trackers te stoppen. ITP beschermt tegen veel voorkomende bedreigingen, maar blokkeert niet alle tracking-wegen omdat het is ontworpen om de bruikbaarheid van websites niet te hinderen. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacyrapport diff --git a/i18n/nl/search-engines.md b/i18n/nl/search-engines.md index 9e3df353..e6cfee09 100644 --- a/i18n/nl/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/nl/search-engines.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ --- -meta_title: "Aanbevolen zoekmachines: Anonieme Google Alternatieven - Privacy Guides" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" title: "Zoekmachines" icon: material/search-web -description: Deze privacy respecterende zoekmachines bouwen geen advertentieprofiel op basis van jouw zoekopdrachten. +description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp --- @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Overweeg het gebruik van een [VPN](vpn.md) of [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is ontwikkeld door Brave en levert voornamelijk resultaten van zijn eigen, onafhankelijke index. De index is geoptimaliseerd voor Google Search en kan daarom contextueel nauwkeurigere resultaten bieden dan andere alternatieven. - - Brave Search bevat unieke functies zoals Discussies, die resultaten accentueert die gericht zijn op conversatie, zoals forumberichten. - - Wij raden je aan [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) uit te schakelen, aangezien deze standaard is ingeschakeld en kan worden uitgeschakeld in de instellingen. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacybeleid" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentatie} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is ontwikkeld door Brave en levert voornamelijk resultaten van zijn eigen, onafhankelijke index. De index is geoptimaliseerd voor Google Search en kan daarom contextueel nauwkeurigere resultaten bieden dan andere alternatieven. + +Brave Search bevat unieke functies zoals Discussies, die resultaten accentueert die gericht zijn op conversatie, zoals forumberichten. + +Wij raden je aan [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) uit te schakelen, aangezien deze standaard is ingeschakeld en kan worden uitgeschakeld in de instellingen. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacybeleid" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentatie} + + + +
Brave Search is gevestigd in de Verenigde Staten. In hun [privacybeleid](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) staat dat zij geaggregeerde gebruiksgegevens verzamelen, waaronder het besturingssysteem en de gebruikte browser, maar dat geen persoonlijk identificeerbare informatie wordt verzameld. IP-adressen worden tijdelijk verwerkt, maar niet bewaard. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is een van de meer mainstream privé zoekmachine opties. Opmerkelijke DuckDuckGo-zoekfuncties zijn [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) en vele [instant antwoorden](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). De zoekmachine maakt gebruik van een commerciële Bing API voor de meeste resultaten, maar gebruikt ook talrijke [andere bronnen](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) voor directe antwoorden en andere niet-primaire resultaten. - - DuckDuckGo is de standaard zoekmachine voor de Tor Browser en is één van de weinige beschikbare opties op Apple's Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacybeleid" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentatie} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is een van de meer mainstream privé zoekmachine opties. Opmerkelijke DuckDuckGo-zoekfuncties zijn [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) en vele [instant antwoorden](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). De zoekmachine maakt gebruik van een commerciële Bing API voor de meeste resultaten, maar gebruikt ook talrijke [andere bronnen](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) voor directe antwoorden en andere niet-primaire resultaten. + +DuckDuckGo is de standaard zoekmachine voor de Tor Browser en is één van de weinige beschikbare opties op Apple's Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacybeleid" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentatie} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is gevestigd in de Verenigde Staten. In hun [privacybeleid](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) staat dat zij **wel** jouw zoekopdrachten registreren voor productverbetering, maar niet jouw IP-adres of enige andere persoonlijk identificeerbare informatie. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo biedt twee [andere versies](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is een open-source, zelf-hostbare, metasearch engine, die de resultaten van andere zoekmachines aggregeert, maar zelf geen informatie opslaat. Het is een actief onderhouden vork van [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Broncode" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is een open-source, zelf-hostbare, metasearch engine, die de resultaten van andere zoekmachines aggregeert, maar zelf geen informatie opslaat. Het is een actief onderhouden vork van [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Broncode" } + + + +
SearXNG is een proxy tussen jij en de zoekmachines waarvan het aggregeert. Jouw zoekopdrachten zullen nog steeds worden verzonden naar de zoekmachines waar SearXNG zijn resultaten van krijgt. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ Wanneer je een SearXNG-instantie gebruikt, moet je zeker hun privacybeleid lezen ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. Eén van Startpage's unieke eigenschappen is de [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), die inspanningen levert om gebruikersactiviteit te standaardiseren zodat het moeilijker is om uniek geïdentificeerd te worden. De functie kan nuttig zijn voor het verbergen van [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) netwerk- en browsereigenschappen. In tegenstelling tot wat de naam suggereert, mag deze functie niet worden gebruikt voor anonimiteit. Als u op zoek bent naar anonimiteit, gebruik dan de [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacybeleid" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentatie} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. Eén van Startpage's unieke eigenschappen is de [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), die inspanningen levert om gebruikersactiviteit te standaardiseren zodat het moeilijker is om uniek geïdentificeerd te worden. De functie kan nuttig zijn voor het verbergen van [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) netwerk- en browsereigenschappen. In tegenstelling tot wat de naam suggereert, mag deze functie niet worden gebruikt voor anonimiteit. Als u op zoek bent naar anonimiteit, gebruik dan de [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser). - Startpage beperkt regelmatig de toegang tot de dienst tot bepaalde IP adressen, zoals IPs gereserveerd voor VPNs of Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) en [Brave Search](#brave-search) zijn vriendelijker opties als jouw dreigingsmodel vereist dat je jouw IP-adres verbergt voor de zoekprovider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacybeleid" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentatie} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage beperkt regelmatig de toegang tot de dienst tot bepaalde IP adressen, zoals IPs gereserveerd voor VPNs of Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) en [Brave Search](#brave-search) zijn vriendelijker opties als jouw dreigingsmodel vereist dat je jouw IP-adres verbergt voor de zoekprovider. + +
Startpage is gevestigd in Nederland. Volgens hun [privacybeleid](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/)loggen zij gegevens zoals: besturingssysteem, type browser, en taal. Zij slaan jouw IP-adres, zoekopdrachten of andere persoonlijk identificeerbare informatie niet op. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's meerderheidsaandeelhouder is System1, een adtech bedrijf. Wij denken **Wij zijn niet verbonden aan de projecten die wij aanbevelen.** Naast [onze standaardcriteria](about/criteria.md)hebben wij een duidelijke reeks eisen ontwikkeld om objectieve aanbevelingen te kunnen doen. Wij stellen voor dat je jezelf vertrouwd maakt met deze lijst voordat je een project kiest, en jouw eigen onderzoek uitvoert om er zeker van te zijn dat je de juiste keuze maakt. -!!! example "Deze sectie is nieuw" +
+

This section is new

- We werken aan het vaststellen van gedefinieerde criteria voor elk deel van onze site, en dit kan onderhevig zijn aan verandering. Als je vragen hebt over onze criteria, stel ze dan [op ons forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) en neem niet aan dat we iets niet in overweging hebben genomen bij het opstellen van onze aanbevelingen als het hier niet vermeld staat. Er zijn veel factoren die worden overwogen en besproken wanneer wij een project aanbevelen, en het documenteren van elke factor is een werk in uitvoering. +We werken aan het vaststellen van gedefinieerde criteria voor elk deel van onze site, en dit kan onderhevig zijn aan verandering. Als je vragen hebt over onze criteria, stel ze dan [op ons forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) en neem niet aan dat we iets niet in overweging hebben genomen bij het opstellen van onze aanbevelingen als het hier niet vermeld staat. Er zijn veel factoren die worden overwogen en besproken wanneer wij een project aanbevelen, en het documenteren van elke factor is een werk in uitvoering. + +
### Minimale vereisten diff --git a/i18n/pl/desktop.md b/i18n/pl/desktop.md index 0142636b..63593bb7 100644 --- a/i18n/pl/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/pl/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Dystrybucje systemu Linux są powszechnie polecane, jeśli chodzi o ochronę pry ### Fedora Workstation -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. Podczas gdy aktualizacja niektórych pakietów, takich jak [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) jest wstrzymywana do następnego wydania Fedora, większość pakietów (w tym jądro) jest często aktualizowanych podczas okresu wsparcia dla wydania. Każde wydanie Fedora jest wspierane przez jeden rok, a nowe wersje są wydawane co 6 miesięcy. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. Podczas aktualizacji systemu pobierany jest nowy punkt kontrolny. Każdy z nich jest poddawany serii testów przez [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org), aby zapewnić o jego jakości. ### Arch Linux -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/pl/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/pl/mobile-browsers.md index 6fb1f0e0..adca780c 100644 --- a/i18n/pl/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/pl/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ W systemie iOS każda aplikacja, która umożliwia przeglądanie Internetu [ma o ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ W systemie iOS każda aplikacja, która umożliwia przeglądanie Internetu [ma o #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Prywatność i bezpieczeństwo - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/pl/search-engines.md b/i18n/pl/search-engines.md index d66f9ec1..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/pl/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/pl/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! rekomendacja +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/desktop.md b/i18n/pt-BR/desktop.md index d9d56ede..ff38c36f 100644 --- a/i18n/pt-BR/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/pt-BR/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/pt-BR/mobile-browsers.md index c0e514b4..52283bd6 100644 --- a/i18n/pt-BR/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/pt-BR/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Configuração Recomendada -Estas opções podem ser encontradas em :gear: **Configurações** → **Safari** → **Privacidade e Segurança**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacidade & Segurança - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). O recurso ajuda a proteger contra o rastreamento indesejado, usando o aprendizado de máquina no dispositivo para impedir os rastreadores. O ITP protege contra muitas ameaças comuns, mas não bloqueia todas as vias de rastreamento porque foi projetado para não interferir na usabilidade do site. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). O recurso ajuda a proteger contra o rastreamento indesejado, usando o aprendizado de máquina no dispositivo para impedir os rastreadores. O ITP protege contra muitas ameaças comuns, mas não bloqueia todas as vias de rastreamento porque foi projetado para não interferir na usabilidade do site. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/search-engines.md b/i18n/pt-BR/search-engines.md index 85034f4e..2a4fbe9c 100644 --- a/i18n/pt-BR/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/pt-BR/search-engines.md @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ --- -meta_title: "Mecanismos de Pesquisa Recomendados: Alternativas Anônimas ao Google — Privacy Guides" -title: "Motores de busca" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" +title: "Motores de Pesquisa" icon: material/search-web description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- [brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search*** é desenvolvido pela Brave e serve resultados principalmente a partir do seu próprio índice independente. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search*** é desenvolvido pela Brave e serve resultados principalmente a partir do seu próprio índice independente. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Página inicial -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Requisitos Mínimos diff --git a/i18n/pt/desktop.md b/i18n/pt/desktop.md index 3666ab8c..e426324a 100644 --- a/i18n/pt/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/pt/desktop.md @@ -13,44 +13,53 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Estação de Trabalho Fedora -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![logotipo Fedora](/assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** é a nossa distribuição recomendada para usuários novos no Linux. A Fedora geralmente adota novas tecnologias antes de outras distribuições, por exemplo, [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org), e em breve, [FS-Verity](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/FsVerityRPM). Estas novas tecnologias muitas vezes vêm com melhorias na segurança, privacidade e usabilidade em geral. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![logotipo Fedora](/assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** é a nossa distribuição recomendada para usuários novos no Linux. A Fedora geralmente adota novas tecnologias antes de outras distribuições, por exemplo, [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org), e em breve, [FS-Verity](https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/FsVerityRPM). Estas novas tecnologias muitas vezes vêm com melhorias na segurança, privacidade e usabilidade em geral. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![logotipo do openSUSE Tumbleweed](/assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** é uma distribuição estável [lançamento rolante](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_release). - - O openSUSE Tumbleweed tem um sistema [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) que usa [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) e [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) para garantir que os instantâneos possam ser rolados de volta caso haja algum problema. - - [Visite get.opensuse.org](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +![logotipo do openSUSE Tumbleweed](/assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** é uma distribuição estável [lançamento rolante](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_release). + +O openSUSE Tumbleweed tem um sistema [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) que usa [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) e [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) para garantir que os instantâneos possam ser rolados de volta caso haja algum problema. + +[Visite get.opensuse.org](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arco Linux -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![Arch logo](/assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** é uma distribuição leve, faça-você-mesmo (faça você mesmo), o que significa que você só recebe o que você instala. Para mais informações consulte o seu [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [Visite archlinux.org](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +![Arch logo](/assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** é uma distribuição leve, faça-você-mesmo (faça você mesmo), o que significa que você só recebe o que você instala. Para mais informações consulte o seu [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[Visite archlinux.org](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } + + + +
Sendo uma distribuição DIY, o usuário é [esperado para configurar e manter](/linux-desktop/#arch-based-distributions) seu sistema. Arch tem um [instalador oficial](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Archinstall) para tornar o processo de instalação um pouco mais fácil. @@ -62,16 +71,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). `rpm-ostree` mantém duas implantações do sistema para que um usuário possa facilmente reverter se algo quebrar na nova implantação. Há também a opção de fixar mais implantações conforme necessário. @@ -83,14 +95,17 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![logo NixOS](/assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS é uma distribuição independente baseada no gerenciador de pacotes Nix com foco na reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade. - - [Visite nixos.org](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +![logo NixOS](/assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS é uma distribuição independente baseada no gerenciador de pacotes Nix com foco na reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade. + +[Visite nixos.org](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } + + + +
O NixOS também fornece atualizações atômicas; primeiro ele baixa (ou constrói) os pacotes e arquivos para a nova geração do sistema e depois muda para ele. Existem diferentes maneiras de mudar para uma nova geração; você pode dizer ao NixOS para ativá-lo após o reinício ou você pode mudar para ele em tempo de execução. Você também pode *testar* a nova geração mudando para ela em tempo de execução, mas não definindo-a como a geração atual do sistema. @@ -106,17 +121,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. O seu objectivo é proporcionar privacidade, segurança e anonimato na Internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. O seu objectivo é proporcionar privacidade, segurança e anonimato na Internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,14 +144,17 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Caudas -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- !(/assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** é um sistema operacional live baseado no Debian que roteia todas as comunicações através do Tor. Pode arrancar em quase qualquer computador a partir de um DVD, pen USB ou sdcard. - - O seu objectivo é preservar a privacidade e o anonimato, contornando a censura e não deixando qualquer vestígio de si no computador em que é utilizado. +!(/assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** é um sistema operacional live baseado no Debian que roteia todas as comunicações através do Tor. Pode arrancar em quase qualquer computador a partir de um DVD, pen USB ou sdcard. + +O seu objectivo é preservar a privacidade e o anonimato, contornando a censura e não deixando qualquer vestígio de si no computador em que é utilizado. + + + +
Acredita-se frequentemente que [open source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software) software é intrinsecamente seguro porque o código fonte está disponível. Há uma expectativa de que a verificação da comunidade ocorra regularmente; no entanto, isto nem sempre é [o caso](https://seirdy.one/2022/02/02/floss-security.html). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -145,19 +166,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### SO Qubes -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,18 +191,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Framadate diff --git a/i18n/pt/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/pt/mobile-browsers.md index 34287fec..3350a81a 100644 --- a/i18n/pt/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/pt/mobile-browsers.md @@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ No iOS, qualquer aplicação que possa navegar na Web está [limitada](https://d ![Logótipo Safari](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - O **Safari** é o navegador predefinido no iOS. Inclui [funcionalidades de privacidade] (https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0), tais como [Previsão inteligente de rastreio] (https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Relatório de Privacidade, separadores de navegação privada isolados e efémeros, iCloud Private Relay e redução de impressões digitais, através da apresentação de uma versão simplificada da configuração do sistema aos sites, para que o miro número possível de dispositivos pareçam idênticos. + O **Safari** é o navegador predefinido no iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidade" } @@ -142,13 +142,27 @@ No iOS, qualquer aplicação que possa navegar na Web está [limitada](https://d #### Configuração recomendada -Estas opções podem ser encontradas em :gear: **Definições** → **Safari** → **Privacidade e segurança**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Prevenção de rastreio entre sites +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacidade & Segurança - [x] Ativar **Prevenir o rastreio entre sites** -Isto liga a [Proteção Inteligente de Rastreio da WebKit](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). A funcionalidade ajuda a proteger contra o rastreio indesejado, utilizando a aprendizagem automática no dispositivo para impedir os rastreadores. A ITP contra a monitorização protege-o contra muitas ameaças comuns, mas não bloqueia todos os modos de rastreio, uma vez que foi concebida para ter um impacto mínimo ou nulo na usabilidade do site. + Isto liga a [Proteção Inteligente de Rastreio da WebKit](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). A funcionalidade ajuda a proteger contra o rastreio indesejado, utilizando a aprendizagem automática no dispositivo para impedir os rastreadores. A ITP contra a monitorização protege-o contra muitas ameaças comuns, mas não bloqueia todos os modos de rastreio, uma vez que foi concebida para ter um impacto mínimo ou nulo na usabilidade do site. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Relatório de Privacidade diff --git a/i18n/pt/search-engines.md b/i18n/pt/search-engines.md index 6720541c..1ec97e07 100644 --- a/i18n/pt/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/pt/search-engines.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ --- -meta_title: "Motores de pesquisa recomendados: alternativas anónimas ao Google - Privacy Guides" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" title: "Motores de Busca" icon: material/search-web -description: Estes motores de busca, que respeitam a privacidade, não criam um perfil de marketing com base nas suas pesquisas. +description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp --- @@ -14,39 +14,45 @@ Considere a utilização de uma [VPN](vpn.md) ou o [Tor](https://www.torproject. ## Brave Search -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![Logótipo Brave Search](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - O **Brave Search** é desenvolvido pela Brave e apresenta resultados que resultam do seu próprio índice independente. O índice está otimizado para emular a pesquisa Google e, por esse motivo, está em condições de fornecer resultados mais precisos em termos contextuais do que outras alternativas. - - O Brave Search inclui funcionalidades exclusivas, como as Discussões, que destacam resultados centrados em conversações, como publicações em fóruns. - - Recomendamos que desative a opção [Métricas de utilização anónimas] (https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics), nas definições, uma vez que está ativada por defeito. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Serviço Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidade" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentação} +![Logótipo Brave Search](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +O **Brave Search** é desenvolvido pela Brave e apresenta resultados que resultam do seu próprio índice independente. O índice está otimizado para emular a pesquisa Google e, por esse motivo, está em condições de fornecer resultados mais precisos em termos contextuais do que outras alternativas. + +O Brave Search inclui funcionalidades exclusivas, como as Discussões, que destacam resultados centrados em conversações, como publicações em fóruns. + +Recomendamos que desative a opção [Métricas de utilização anónimas] (https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics), nas definições, uma vez que está ativada por defeito. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Serviço Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidade" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentação} + + + +
O Brave Search está sediado nos Estados Unidos. A sua [ política de privacidade ](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) faz saber que recolhem métricas de utilização agregadas, que incluem o sistema operativo e o browser utilizado, mas não são recolhidas informações pessoais. Os endereços IP são processados temporariamente, mas não são armazenados. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![Logótipo DuckDuckGo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - O **DuckDuckGo** é um dos motores de pesquisa mais comuns, no que toca à privacidade. De entre as suas notáveis funcionalidades de pesquisa, destque para os [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) e muitas [respostas instantâneas] (https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). Para fornecer os resultado, o motor de busca baseia-se numa API comercial do Bing, embora utilize diversas [outras fontes] (https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) para respostas instantâneas e outros resultados não primários. - - O DuckDuckGo é o motor de busca predefinido do browser Tor e é uma das poucas opções disponíveis no browser Safari da Apple. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Serviço Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidade" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentação} +![Logótipo DuckDuckGo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +O **DuckDuckGo** é um dos motores de pesquisa mais comuns, no que toca à privacidade. De entre as suas notáveis funcionalidades de pesquisa, destque para os [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) e muitas [respostas instantâneas] (https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). Para fornecer os resultado, o motor de busca baseia-se numa API comercial do Bing, embora utilize diversas [outras fontes] (https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) para respostas instantâneas e outros resultados não primários. + +O DuckDuckGo é o motor de busca predefinido do browser Tor e é uma das poucas opções disponíveis no browser Safari da Apple. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Serviço Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidade" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentação} + + + +
O DuckDuckGo está sediado nos Estados Unidos. A sua [política de privacidade](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) faz saber que **são feitos** registos das suas pesquisas para fins de melhoria do produto, mas não o seu endereço IP ou qualquer outra informação de identificação pessoal. @@ -54,16 +60,19 @@ O DuckDuckGo oferece duas [outras versões](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features ## SearXNG -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![Logótipo SearXNG](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** é um motor de meta-pesquisa de código aberto, auto-hospedado, que agrega os resultados de outros motores de busca, sem armazenar qualquer informação. É um fork de [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx) com atualizações regulares. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Instâncias públicas"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Código-fonte" } +![Logótipo SearXNG](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** é um motor de meta-pesquisa de código aberto, auto-hospedado, que agrega os resultados de outros motores de busca, sem armazenar qualquer informação. É um fork de [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx) com atualizações regulares. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Instâncias públicas"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Código-fonte" } + + + +
O SearXNG funciona como um proxy entre si e os motores de busca que agrega. As suas consultas de pesquisa continuarão a ser enviadas para os motores de busca, sendo os resultados obtidos pelo SearXNG. @@ -73,21 +82,27 @@ Quando estiver a utilizar uma instância do SearXNG, certifique-se de que lê a ## StartPage -!!! nota - Consulte o [Tabela de Hardware](https://openwrt.org/toh/start) para verificar se o seu dispositivo é suportado. +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. Uma das características únicas do Startpage é a [Visualização anónima] (https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), tentando normalizar a atividade do utilizador para que a sua identificação exclusiva seja dificultada. A funcionalidade pode ser útil para ocultar [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) propriedades da rede e do browser. Ao contrário do que o nome sugere, esta funcionalidade não deve ser utilizada para garantir o anonimato. Se procura anonimato, utilize o [Browser Tor] (tor.md#tor-browser). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidade" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentação} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! aviso +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. Uma das características únicas do Startpage é a [Visualização anónima] (https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), tentando normalizar a atividade do utilizador para que a sua identificação exclusiva seja dificultada. A funcionalidade pode ser útil para ocultar [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) propriedades da rede e do browser. Ao contrário do que o nome sugere, esta funcionalidade não deve ser utilizada para garantir o anonimato. Se procura anonimato, utilize o [Browser Tor] (tor.md#tor-browser). - O Startpage limita regularmente o acesso a determinados endereços IP, tais como IPs reservados para VPNs ou Tor. O [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) e o [Brave Search](#brave-search) são opções mais amigáveis, se o seu modelo de ameaça exigir que oculte o seu endereço IP do motor de busca. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Política de Privacidade" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentação} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +O Startpage limita regularmente o acesso a determinados endereços IP, tais como IPs reservados para VPNs ou Tor. O [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) e o [Brave Search](#brave-search) são opções mais amigáveis, se o seu modelo de ameaça exigir que oculte o seu endereço IP do motor de busca. + +
O Startpage está sediado nos Países Baixos. De acordo com a sua [política de privacidade](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), são registados detalhes como: sistema operativo, tipo de browser e idioma. Não registam o seu endereço IP, pesquisas ou outras informações de identificação pessoal. @@ -97,9 +112,12 @@ O acionista maioritário do Startpage é a System1, uma empresa marketing tecnol **Note que não estamos associados a nenhum dos projetos que recomendamos.** Para além dos [nossos critérios padrão](about/criteria.md), temos um conjunto claro de requisitos que nos permitem fornecer recomendações objetivas. Sugerimos que se familiarize com esta lista antes de optar por um projeto e que desenvolva a sua própria investigação para garantir que se trata da escolha certa para si. -!!! exemplo "Esta secção é nova" +
+

This section is new

- Estamos a trabalhar no sentido de estabelecer critérios para cada secção do nosso site, o que pode originar alterações. Se tiver alguma dúvida sobre os critérios utilizados, por favor [pergunte no nosso fórum] (https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) e não parta do princípio de que algo foi excluído das nossas recomendações, caso não esteja listado aqui. São muitos os fatores considerados e discutidos quando recomendamos um projeto, e documentar cada um deles é um trabalho em curso. +Estamos a trabalhar no sentido de estabelecer critérios para cada secção do nosso site, o que pode originar alterações. Se tiver alguma dúvida sobre os critérios utilizados, por favor [pergunte no nosso fórum] (https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) e não parta do princípio de que algo foi excluído das nossas recomendações, caso não esteja listado aqui. São muitos os fatores considerados e discutidos quando recomendamos um projeto, e documentar cada um deles é um trabalho em curso. + +
### Requisitos mínimos diff --git a/i18n/ru/desktop.md b/i18n/ru/desktop.md index 7b5b6b7b..93f93f8d 100644 --- a/i18n/ru/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/ru/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ cover: desktop.webp ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Логотип Fedora](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** - наш рекомендуемый дистрибутив для начинающих пользователей Linux. Fedora обычно внедряет новые технологии раньше других дистрибутивов, например [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). Эти новые технологии часто улучшают безопасность, конфиденциальность и удобство использования в целом. - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Документация} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } +![Логотип Fedora](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** - наш рекомендуемый дистрибутив для начинающих пользователей Linux. Fedora обычно внедряет новые технологии раньше других дистрибутивов, например [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). Эти новые технологии часто улучшают безопасность, конфиденциальность и удобство использования в целом. + +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Документация} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } + + + +
Fedora имеет \[полу-плавающий\](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_release) цикл релиза. В то время как некоторые пакеты, такие как [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org), замораживаются до следующего выпуска Fedora, большинство пакетов (включая ядро) часто обновляются в течение всего срока жизни релиза. Каждый выпуск Fedora поддерживается в течение одного года, а новая версия выходит каждые 6 месяцев. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![Логотип openSUSE Tumbleweed](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** - стабильный дистрибутив с [плавающей системой релизов](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_release). - - openSUSE Tumbleweed имеет систему [транзакционного обновления](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/), которая использует [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) и [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) для обеспечения возможности отката моментальных снимков системы в случае возникновения проблем. - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Документация} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } +![Логотип openSUSE Tumbleweed](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** - стабильный дистрибутив с [плавающей системой релизов](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_release). + +openSUSE Tumbleweed имеет систему [транзакционного обновления](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/), которая использует [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) и [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) для обеспечения возможности отката моментальных снимков системы в случае возникновения проблем. + +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Документация} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } + + + +
Tumbleweed следует модели плавающего релиза, когда каждое обновление выпускается как снимок дистрибутива. При обновлении системы скачивается новый снимок. Каждый снимок проходит через серию автоматизированных тестов [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) для обеспечения его качества. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Логотип Arch](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** - это легкий, "сделай сам" (DIY) дистрибутив, означающий, что вы получаете только то, что устанавливаете. Более подробную информацию можно найти на их сайте [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Документация} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } +![Логотип Arch](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** - это легкий, "сделай сам" (DIY) дистрибутив, означающий, что вы получаете только то, что устанавливаете. Более подробную информацию можно найти на их сайте [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Документация} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } + + + +
Arch Linux имеет плавающий цикл релиза. Не существует фиксированного графика релиза, пакеты обновляются очень часто. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ Arch Linux имеет плавающий цикл релиза. Не сущес ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Логотип Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** это immutable вариант Fedora с фокусом на контейнеры и с рабочим столом [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Документация} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } +![Логотип Fedora Silverblue](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** это immutable вариант Fedora с фокусом на контейнеры и с рабочим столом [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/). If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Документация} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). Менеджер пакетов `rpm-ostree` работает путем скачивания базового образа для системы, а затем наложения пакетов на него в [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-подобном дереве коммитов. Когда система обновляется, загружается новое базовое изображение, и наложения будут применены к этому новому изображению. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [ ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Логотип NixOS](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS - это независимый дистрибутив, основанный на пакетном менеджере Nix с акцентом на воспроизводимость и надежность. - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Документация} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Поддержать } +![Логотип NixOS](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS - это независимый дистрибутив, основанный на пакетном менеджере Nix с акцентом на воспроизводимость и надежность. + +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Документация} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Поддержать } + + + +
Менеджер пакетов NixOS хранит каждую версию каждого пакета в отдельной папке в **хранилище Nix**. Из-за этого в вашей системе могут быть установлены разные версии одного и того же пакета. После записи содержимого пакета в папку, папка становится доступной только для чтения. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix - это менеджер пакетов на основе исходных ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. Его цель - обеспечить конфиденциальность, безопасность и анонимность в интернете. Whonix лучше всего использовать в сочетании с [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Сервис Onion" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Документация} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Поддержать } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. Его цель - обеспечить конфиденциальность, безопасность и анонимность в интернете. Whonix лучше всего использовать в сочетании с [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Сервис Onion" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Документация} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Поддержать } + + + +
Whonix предназначен для запуска в виде двух виртуальных машин: "Рабочая" и "Шлюз Tor." Все соединения рабочей станции должны проходить через шлюз Tor. Это означает, даже если рабочая станция будет скомпрометирована каким-либо вредоносным ПО, настоящий IP-адрес останется скрытым. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Логотип Tails](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** - это операционная система, основанная на Debian и направляющая все коммуникации через Tor, которая может загружаться практически на любом компьютере с DVD или USB-накопителя или SD-карты. Она использует [Tor](tor.md) для сохранения конфиденциальности и анонимности, обходя цензуру и не оставляет следов на используемом компьютере после выключения. - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Документация} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } +![Логотип Tails](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** - это операционная система, основанная на Debian и направляющая все коммуникации через Tor, которая может загружаться практически на любом компьютере с DVD или USB-накопителя или SD-карты. Она использует [Tor](tor.md) для сохранения конфиденциальности и анонимности, обходя цензуру и не оставляет следов на используемом компьютере после выключения. + +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Документация} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Поддержать } + + + +
Tails отлично подходит для криминалистической экспертизы благодаря амнезии (то есть ничего не записывается на диск); однако это не такой защищенный дистрибутив, как Whonix. В нем нет многих функций анонимности и безопасности, которые есть в Whonix, и он обновляется гораздо реже (только раз в шесть недель). Система Tails, взломанная вредоносным ПО, может потенциально обойти прозрачный прокси-сервер, что позволит деанонимизировать пользователя. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ Tails содержит [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origin) в Tor ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. Он охватывает множество рекомендаций по обеспечению конфиденциальности и усилению защиты, без необходимости дополнительной настройки. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. Он охватывает множество рекомендаций по обеспечению конфиденциальности и усилению защиты, без необходимости дополнительной настройки. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Критерии diff --git a/i18n/ru/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/ru/mobile-browsers.md index c7221a08..6ba128cf 100644 --- a/i18n/ru/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/ru/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Brave включает несколько инструментов защиты ![Логотип Safari](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** — браузер по умолчанию на iOS. Он включает в себя [функции конфиденциальности](https://support.apple.com/ru-ru/guide/iphone/iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0), такие как: [интеллектуальное предотвращение отслеживания](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), отчеты о конфиденциальности, изолированные и эфемерные вкладки частного доступа, частный узел iCloud, а также уменьшение цифровых отпечатков путем представления упрощенной версии конфигурации системы на веб-сайтах, чтобы больше устройств выглядели одинаково. + **Safari** — браузер по умолчанию на iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://www.apple.com/ru/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/ru/legal/privacy/data/ru/safari/){ .card-link title="Политика конфиденциальности" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ Brave включает несколько инструментов защиты #### Рекомендованные настройки -Эти параметры можно найти в разделе :gear: **Настройки** → **Safari** → **Конфиденциальность и безопасность**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Предотвращение перекрёстного отслеживания +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Приватность и защита - [x] Включи **Без перекрестного отслеживания** -Это активирует функцию WebKit: [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). Эта функция помогает защититься от нежелательного отслеживания, используя машинное обучение на устройстве для остановки отслеживающих устройств. ITP защищает от многих распространенных угроз, но не блокирует все пути слежения, поскольку разработан таким образом, чтобы не мешать удобству использования сайта. + Это активирует функцию WebKit: [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). Эта функция помогает защититься от нежелательного отслеживания, используя машинное обучение на устройстве для остановки отслеживающих устройств. ITP защищает от многих распространенных угроз, но не блокирует все пути слежения, поскольку разработан таким образом, чтобы не мешать удобству использования сайта. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Отчет о конфиденциальности diff --git a/i18n/ru/search-engines.md b/i18n/ru/search-engines.md index c8e9abd7..c0f2130e 100644 --- a/i18n/ru/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/ru/search-engines.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ --- -meta_title: "Рекомендуемые поисковые системы: анонимные альтернативы Google - Privacy Guides" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" title: "Поисковые системы" icon: material/search-web -description: Эти поисковые системы, уважающие конфиденциальность, не строят рекламный профиль на основе ваших поисковых запросов. +description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp --- @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ cover: search-engines.webp ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Логотип Brave Search](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** разработана компанией Brave и предоставляет результаты в основном из своего собственного, независимого индекса. Индекс оптимизирован под Google Search и поэтому может предоставлять более контекстно точные результаты по сравнению с другими альтернативами. - - Brave Search включает такие уникальные функции, как Discussions, которая выделяет результаты, ориентированные на общение, например, сообщения на форумах. - - Мы рекомендуем вам отключить [Анонимные метрики использования](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics), поскольку они включены по умолчанию и могут быть отключены в настройках. - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Сервис Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Политика конфиденциальности" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Документация} +![Логотип Brave Search](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** разработана компанией Brave и предоставляет результаты в основном из своего собственного, независимого индекса. Индекс оптимизирован под Google Search и поэтому может предоставлять более контекстно точные результаты по сравнению с другими альтернативами. + +Brave Search включает такие уникальные функции, как Discussions, которая выделяет результаты, ориентированные на общение, например, сообщения на форумах. + +Мы рекомендуем вам отключить [Анонимные метрики использования](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics), поскольку они включены по умолчанию и могут быть отключены в настройках. + +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Сервис Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Политика конфиденциальности" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Документация} + + + +
Компания Brave Search базируется в США. В их [политике конфиденциальности](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) говорится, что они собирают агрегированные метрики использования, которые включают используемые операционную систему и браузер, однако никакой персонально идентифицируемой информации не собирается. IP-адреса временно обрабатываются, но не сохраняются. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![Логотип DuckDuckGo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** - одна из наиболее распространенных приватных поисковых систем. Примечательные функции поиска DuckDuckGo включают [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) и множество [мгновенных ответов] (https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). Поисковая система полагается на коммерческий API Bing для получения большинства результатов, но использует множество [других источников](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) для получения мгновенных ответов и других не основных результатов. - - DuckDuckGo является поисковой системой по умолчанию для браузера Tor и одним из немногих доступных вариантов в браузере Safari от Apple. - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Сервис Onion" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Политика конфиденциальности" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Документация} +![Логотип DuckDuckGo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** - одна из наиболее распространенных приватных поисковых систем. Примечательные функции поиска DuckDuckGo включают [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) и множество [мгновенных ответов] (https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). Поисковая система полагается на коммерческий API Bing для получения большинства результатов, но использует множество [других источников](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) для получения мгновенных ответов и других не основных результатов. + +DuckDuckGo является поисковой системой по умолчанию для браузера Tor и одним из немногих доступных вариантов в браузере Safari от Apple. + +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Сервис Onion" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Политика конфиденциальности" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Документация} + + + +
Компания DuckDuckGo базируется в США. В их [политике конфиденциальности](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) говорится, что они **ведут логи** ваших поисковых запросов в целях улучшения качества продукции, но не записывают IP-адреса или любую другую личную информацию. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo предлагает две [другие версии](https://help. ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![Логотип SearXNG](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** - это мета-поисковая система с открытым исходным кодом и возможностью самостоятельного хостинга, агрегирующая результаты других поисковых систем и не хранящая никакой информации сама. Это активно поддерживаемый форк [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Публичный экземпляр"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Исходный код" } +![Логотип SearXNG](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** - это мета-поисковая система с открытым исходным кодом и возможностью самостоятельного хостинга, агрегирующая результаты других поисковых систем и не хранящая никакой информации сама. Это активно поддерживаемый форк [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Публичный экземпляр"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Исходный код" } + + + +
SearXNG — это прокси между пользователями и поисковыми системами, которые они используют. Ваши поисковые запросы все равно будут отправляться в поисковые системы, из которых SearXNG получает результаты. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ SearXNG — это прокси между пользователями и по ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. Одной из уникальных особенностей Startpage является [анонимный просмотр](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), который прилагает усилия для стандартизации действий пользователя, чтобы затруднить его уникальную идентификацию. Эта функция может быть полезна для скрытия [некоторых](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) свойств сети и браузера. Несмотря на название, на эту функцию не следует полагаться для обеспечения анонимности. Если вам нужна анонимность, используйте [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser). - - [:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Политика конфиденциальности" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Документация} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning "Осторожно" +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. Одной из уникальных особенностей Startpage является [анонимный просмотр](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), который прилагает усилия для стандартизации действий пользователя, чтобы затруднить его уникальную идентификацию. Эта функция может быть полезна для скрытия [некоторых](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) свойств сети и браузера. Несмотря на название, на эту функцию не следует полагаться для обеспечения анонимности. Если вам нужна анонимность, используйте [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser). - Startpage регулярно ограничивает доступ к сервису для определенных IP-адресов, например, IP-адресов, зарезервированных для VPN или Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) и [Brave Search](#brave-search) являются более дружественными вариантами, если ваша модель угроз требует скрытия вашего IP-адреса от поставщика поиска. +[:octicons-home-16: Домашняя страница](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Политика конфиденциальности" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Документация} + + + +
+ +
+

Предупреждение

+ +Startpage регулярно ограничивает доступ к сервису для определенных IP-адресов, например, IP-адресов, зарезервированных для VPN или Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) и [Brave Search](#brave-search) являются более дружественными вариантами, если ваша модель угроз требует скрытия вашего IP-адреса от поставщика поиска. + +
Startpage базируется в Нидерландах. Согласно их [ политике конфиденциальности](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), они регистрируют такие данные, как: операционная система, тип браузера и язык. Они не хранят ваш IP-адрес, поисковые запросы или другую идентифицирующую вас информацию. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage базируется в Нидерландах. Согласно их **Обрати внимание, что у нас нет связей ни с одним проектом, который мы рекомендуем.** В дополнение к [нашим стандартным критериям](about/criteria.md) мы разработали четкий набор требований, позволяющий давать объективные рекомендации. Перед тем, как вы решите выбрать какой-либо проект, мы рекомендуем вам ознакомиться со списком критериев и провести собственное исследование, чтобы убедиться в правильности своего выбора. -!!! example "Это новый раздел" +
+

This section is new

- Мы всё еще работаем над установлением критериев для каждого раздела нашего сайта, поэтому они могут поменяться в будущем. Если у вас есть вопросы по поводу наших критериев, пожалуйста, [задавайте их на нашем форуме](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest). Если какой-то критерий здесь не указан, это не значит, что мы его не учли. Перед тем, как рекомендовать какой-либо проект мы учитываем и обсуждаем множество факторов. Документирование этих факторов ещё не завершено. +Мы всё еще работаем над установлением критериев для каждого раздела нашего сайта, поэтому они могут поменяться в будущем. Если у вас есть вопросы по поводу наших критериев, пожалуйста, [задавайте их на нашем форуме](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest). Если какой-то критерий здесь не указан, это не значит, что мы его не учли. Перед тем, как рекомендовать какой-либо проект мы учитываем и обсуждаем множество факторов. Документирование этих факторов ещё не завершено. + +
### Минимальные требования к сервисам diff --git a/i18n/sv/desktop.md b/i18n/sv/desktop.md index bb87829c..1d5ff00f 100644 --- a/i18n/sv/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/sv/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. Den täcker många rekommendationer för sekretess och skydd av integritet som standard. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. Den täcker många rekommendationer för sekretess och skydd av integritet som standard. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Kriterier diff --git a/i18n/sv/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/sv/mobile-browsers.md index 9eac81ef..80ed6ce4 100644 --- a/i18n/sv/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/sv/mobile-browsers.md @@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ I iOS är alla appar som kan surfa på webben [](https://developer.apple.com/app ![Safari-logotyp](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** är standardwebbläsaren i iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** är standardwebbläsaren i iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Repository](https://github.com/Hackeralert/Picocrypt){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://github.com/Hackeralert/Picocrypt){ .card-link title="Source Code" } @@ -139,13 +139,27 @@ I iOS är alla appar som kan surfa på webben [](https://developer.apple.com/app #### Rekommenderad konfiguration -Dessa alternativ finns i :gear: **Inställningar** → **Safari** → **Sekretess och säkerhet**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Förebyggande av spårning på olika webbplatser +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Aktivera **Förhindra spårning på andra webbplatser** -Detta aktiverar WebKits [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). Funktionen hjälper till att skydda mot oönskad spårning genom att använda maskininlärning på enheten för att stoppa spårare. ITP skyddar mot många vanliga hot, men blockerar inte alla spårningsvägar eftersom den är utformad för att inte störa användbarheten av webbplatser. + Detta aktiverar WebKits [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). Funktionen hjälper till att skydda mot oönskad spårning genom att använda maskininlärning på enheten för att stoppa spårare. ITP skyddar mot många vanliga hot, men blockerar inte alla spårningsvägar eftersom den är utformad för att inte störa användbarheten av webbplatser. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Integritetsrapport diff --git a/i18n/sv/search-engines.md b/i18n/sv/search-engines.md index 2b182b91..88696900 100644 --- a/i18n/sv/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/sv/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! varning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Observera att vi inte är knutna till något av de projekt som vi rekommenderar.** Förutom [våra standardkriterier](about/criteria.md)har vi utvecklat en tydlig uppsättning krav som gör det möjligt för oss att ge objektiva rekommendationer. Vi föreslår att du bekantar dig med den här listan innan du väljer att använda ett projekt, och att du gör din egen forskning för att se till att det är rätt val för dig. -!!! exempel "Det här avsnittet är nytt" +
+

This section is new

- Vi arbetar med att fastställa kriterier för varje del av vår webbplats, och detta kan komma att ändras. Om du har några frågor om våra kriterier, vänligen [fråga på vårt forum] (https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) och tro inte att vi inte har beaktat något när vi gjorde våra rekommendationer om det inte finns med här. Det finns många faktorer som beaktas och diskuteras när vi rekommenderar ett projekt, och att dokumentera varje enskild faktor är ett pågående arbete. +Vi arbetar med att fastställa kriterier för varje del av vår webbplats, och detta kan komma att ändras. Om du har några frågor om våra kriterier, vänligen [fråga på vårt forum] (https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) och tro inte att vi inte har beaktat något när vi gjorde våra rekommendationer om det inte finns med här. Det finns många faktorer som beaktas och diskuteras när vi rekommenderar ett projekt, och att dokumentera varje enskild faktor är ett pågående arbete. + +
### Minimikrav diff --git a/i18n/tr/desktop.md b/i18n/tr/desktop.md index 42352bf3..c1d37161 100644 --- a/i18n/tr/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/tr/desktop.md @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ --- -title: "Masaüstü/PC" +title: "Desktop/PC" icon: simple/linux description: Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software freedom. cover: desktop.webp @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! öneri +
- ![Fedora logosu](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** Linux'a yeni başlayanlar için önerdiğimiz bir dağıtımdır. Fedora genellikle yeni teknolojileri diğer dağıtımlardan önce benimser, örneğin [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). Bu yeni teknolojiler genellik güvenlik, gizlilik ve kullanılabilirlik iyileştirmeleriyle gelir. - - [:octicons-home-16: Anasayfa](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logosu](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** Linux'a yeni başlayanlar için önerdiğimiz bir dağıtımdır. Fedora genellikle yeni teknolojileri diğer dağıtımlardan önce benimser, örneğin [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). Bu yeni teknolojiler genellik güvenlik, gizlilik ve kullanılabilirlik iyileştirmeleriyle gelir. + +[:octicons-home-16: Anasayfa](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! öneri +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! öneri +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! öneri +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! öneri +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! öneri +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! öneri +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! öneri +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! öneri +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/tr/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/tr/mobile-browsers.md index 166eac4f..ef83615a 100644 --- a/i18n/tr/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/tr/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Önerilen Yapılandırma -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Gizlilik & Güvenlik - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/tr/search-engines.md b/i18n/tr/search-engines.md index 0a9e93e6..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/tr/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/tr/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! öneri +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! öneri +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! öneri +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! öneri +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/uk/desktop.md b/i18n/uk/desktop.md index 3db3e2e0..b1a97b23 100644 --- a/i18n/uk/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/uk/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! рекомендації +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! рекомендації +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! рекомендації +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! рекомендації +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! рекомендації +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! рекомендації +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! рекомендації +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! рекомендації +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! рекомендації +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/uk/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/uk/mobile-browsers.md index 5568566e..bc4e12e4 100644 --- a/i18n/uk/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/uk/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/uk/search-engines.md b/i18n/uk/search-engines.md index 969023e4..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/uk/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/uk/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! рекомендації +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! рекомендації +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! рекомендації +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! рекомендації +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/vi/desktop.md b/i18n/vi/desktop.md index 58a7d437..fa03ee55 100644 --- a/i18n/vi/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/vi/desktop.md @@ -13,41 +13,53 @@ Linux distributions are commonly recommended for privacy protection and software ### Fedora Workstation -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** is our recommended distribution for people new to Linux. Fedora generally adopts newer technologies before other distributions e.g., [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org). These new technologies often come with improvements in security, privacy, and usability in general. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora has a semi-rolling release cycle. While some packages like [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) are frozen until the next Fedora release, most packages (including the kernel) are updated frequently throughout the lifespan of the release. Each Fedora release is supported for one year, with a new version released every 6 months. ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. - - openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. - - [Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** is a stable rolling release distribution. + +openSUSE Tumbleweed has a [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) system that uses [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) and [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) to ensure that snapshots can be rolled back should there be a problem. + +[Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } + + + +
Tumbleweed follows a rolling release model where each update is released as a snapshot of the distribution. When you upgrade your system, a new snapshot is downloaded. Each snapshot is run through a series of automated tests by [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) to ensure its quality. ### Arch Linux -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). - - [Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** is a lightweight, do-it-yourself (DIY) distribution meaning that you only get what you install. For more information see their [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions). + +[Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } + + + +
Arch Linux has a rolling release cycle. There is no fixed release schedule and packages are updated very frequently. @@ -59,15 +71,19 @@ A large portion of [Arch Linux’s packages](https://reproducible.archlinux.org) ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). The `rpm-ostree` package manager works by downloading a base image for the system, then overlaying packages over it in a [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree. When the system is updated, a new base image is downloaded and the overlays will be applied to that new image. @@ -79,13 +95,17 @@ As an alternative to Flatpaks, there is the option of [Toolbox](https://docs.fed ### NixOS -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. - - [Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS is an independent distribution based on the Nix package manager with a focus on reproducibility and reliability. + +[Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } + + + +
NixOS’s package manager keeps every version of every package in a different folder in the **Nix store**. Due to this you can have different versions of the same package installed on your system. After the package contents have been written to the folder, the folder is made read-only. @@ -101,16 +121,20 @@ Nix is a source-based package manager; if there’s no pre-built available in th ### Whonix -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. It aims to provide privacy, security, and anonymity on the internet. Whonix is best used in conjunction with [Qubes OS](#qubes-os). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix is meant to run as two virtual machines: a “Workstation” and a Tor “Gateway.” All communications from the Workstation must go through the Tor gateway. This means that even if the Workstation is compromised by malware of some kind, the true IP address remains hidden. @@ -120,15 +144,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** is a live operating system based on Debian that routes all communications through Tor, which can boot on on almost any computer from a DVD, USB stick, or SD card installation. It uses [Tor](tor.md) to preserve privacy and anonymity while circumventing censorship, and it leaves no trace of itself on the computer it is used on after it is powered off. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tails is great for counter forensics due to amnesia (meaning nothing is written to the disk); however, it is not a hardened distribution like Whonix. It lacks many anonymity and security features that Whonix has and gets updated much less often (only once every six weeks). A Tails system that is compromised by malware may potentially bypass the transparent proxy allowing for the user to be deanonymized. @@ -140,18 +168,22 @@ By design, Tails is meant to completely reset itself after each reboot. Encrypte ### Qubes OS -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -161,17 +193,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. It covers a lot of privacy and hardening recommendations by default. It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Framadate diff --git a/i18n/vi/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/vi/mobile-browsers.md index e50478f4..c8cee189 100644 --- a/i18n/vi/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/vi/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### Recommended Configuration -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### Privacy & Security - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/vi/search-engines.md b/i18n/vi/search-engines.md index f40c1e05..607564c4 100644 --- a/i18n/vi/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/vi/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). [Website](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Chính Sách Bảo Mật](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .md-button } - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). [Website](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Chính Sách Bảo Mật](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .md-button } + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,13 +60,17 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [Website](https://www.mojeek.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Chính Sách Bảo Mật](https://www.mojeek.com/about/privacy){ .md-button } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[Website](https://www.mojeek.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [Chính Sách Bảo Mật](https://www.mojeek.com/about/privacy){ .md-button } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -68,20 +80,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! khuyến nghị +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -91,15 +110,17 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! cảnh báo - PrivateBin sử dụng JavaScript để xử lý mã hóa, vì vậy bạn phải tin tưởng nhà cung cấp ở mức độ họ không đưa bất kỳ JavaScript độc hại nào vào để lấy khóa cá nhân của bạn. +
+

This section is new

- ![PrivateBin logo](assets/img/productivity/privatebin.svg){ align=right } - - **PrivateBin** là một pastebin trực tuyến mã nguồn mở, tối giản, nơi máy chủ không có kiến ​​thức về dữ liệu đã dán. Dữ liệu được mã hóa/giải mã trong trình duyệt bằng 256-bit AES. tải xuống - - - [:fontawesome-brands-docker: Dockerhub](https://hub.docker.com/r/vaultwarden/server) - - [:fontawesome-brands-github: Mã nguồn](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden) +![PrivateBin logo](assets/img/productivity/privatebin.svg){ align=right } + +**PrivateBin** là một pastebin trực tuyến mã nguồn mở, tối giản, nơi máy chủ không có kiến ​​thức về dữ liệu đã dán. Dữ liệu được mã hóa/giải mã trong trình duyệt bằng 256-bit AES. tải xuống + + - [:fontawesome-brands-docker: Dockerhub](https://hub.docker.com/r/vaultwarden/server) + - [:fontawesome-brands-github: Mã nguồn](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden) + +
### Minimum Requirements diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop.md index 368b0574..ef96ff53 100644 --- a/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ --- title: "桌上型電腦" icon: simple/linux -description: 因為隱私保護和軟體自由，通常建議用 Linux發行版。 +description: 基於隱私保護和軟體自由，通常建議用 Linux 發行版。 cover: desktop.webp --- @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ cover: desktop.webp ### Fedora Workstation（Fedora 工作站） -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation** 是我們推薦給Linux新手的發行版。 Fedora 通常較其他發行版更早採用較新技術，例如 [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/) ， [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org)。 這些新技術通常會在安全性、隱私性和可用性方面有所改善。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation** 是我們推薦給Linux新手的發行版。 Fedora 通常較其他發行版更早採用較新技術，例如 [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/) ， [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org)。 這些新技術通常會在安全性、隱私性和可用性方面有所改善。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora 有一個半滾動的發布週期。 雖然像 [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) 這樣的套件在下一個Fedora發布之前會被凍結，但大多數套件（包括內核）在該版的整個生命週期中都會頻繁更新。 每個 Fedora 版本支持一年，每6個月發布新版本。 ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed** 是一個穩定滾動發行版。 - - openSUSE Tumbleweed 有一個 [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/)系統，使用 [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs)和 [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE: Snapper_Tutorial)來確保快照可以在出現問題時回滾。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensuse-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed** 是一個穩定滾動發行版。 + +openSUSE Tumbleweed 有一個 [transactional update](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/)系統，使用 [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs)和 [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE: Snapper_Tutorial)來確保快照可以在出現問題時回滾。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://get.opensuse.org/tumbleweed/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://doc.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Tumbleweed 遵循滾動發佈模式，每個更新都是快照發布。 當您升級系統時，會下載新的快照。 每個快照都通過一系列自動化測試，由 [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) 運行，以確保其質量。 ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux** 是一個輕量級的、自己動手(DIY)的發行版，意味著只能得到你安裝的東西。 如需更多資訊，請參閱他們的 [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions)。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Arch logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux** 是一個輕量級的、自己動手(DIY)的發行版，意味著只能得到你安裝的東西。 如需更多資訊，請參閱他們的 [FAQ](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions)。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://archlinux.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://wiki.archlinux.org/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Arch Linux有一個滾動發佈週期。 沒有固定的發布時間表，套件經常更新。 @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ Arch Linux有一個滾動發佈週期。 沒有固定的發布時間表，套件 ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** 是 Fedora 的一個不可變變體，關注容器工作流程和 [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) 桌面環境。 如果喜歡 GNOME 以外的環境，還有其他變體，包括 [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/)（隨 [KDE](https://kde.org/) 提供）和 [ Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/)（隨[Sway](https://swaywm.org/) 一起提供，[Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)唯有的平鋪視窗管理器） 不推薦 [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/)，因為它[需要 X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland)。 這些變體版都遵循 Fedora Workstation 同樣的發佈時間表，受益於相同的快速更新並保持非常接近上遊。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** 是 Fedora 的一個不可變變體，關注容器工作流程和 [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) 桌面環境。 如果喜歡 GNOME 以外的環境，還有其他變體，包括 [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/)（隨 [KDE](https://kde.org/) 提供）和 [ Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/)（隨[Sway](https://swaywm.org/) 一起提供，[Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)唯有的平鋪視窗管理器） 不推薦 [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/)，因為它[需要 X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland)。 這些變體版都遵循 Fedora Workstation 同樣的發佈時間表，受益於相同的快速更新並保持非常接近上遊。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue 及其變體 不同於 Fedora Workstation ，它們用更多功能替換了[DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/)套件管理器進階替代方案，名稱為[` rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/)。 `rpm-ostree` 套件管理器的工作原理是下載系統的基本映像，然後將套件覆蓋在類似 [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)的提交樹中。 當系統更新時，會下載新的基本影像，並將疊加層應用於該新影像。 @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ Silverblue 及其變體 不同於 Fedora Workstation ，它們用更多功能替 ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS 是基於 Nix套件管理器的獨立發行版，專注於可重複性和可靠性。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![NixOS logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS 是基於 Nix套件管理器的獨立發行版，專注於可重複性和可靠性。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
NixOS’ 套件管理器 將各個套件版本儲存在**Nix store** 底下不同的資料夾。 因此，您可以在系統上安裝相同套件的不同版本。 套件內容寫入資料夾後，該資料夾會變成唯讀。 @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix是一個基於源的套件管理器；如果二進位快取中沒有預先 ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** 為基於 [Kicksecure](#kicksecure) 專注在安全的 Debian 分支系統。 它旨在提供網際網路的隱私、安全和匿名性。 Whonix 最好與 [Qubes OS](# qubes-os) 配合使用。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** 為基於 [Kicksecure](#kicksecure) 專注在安全的 Debian 分支系統。 它旨在提供網際網路的隱私、安全和匿名性。 Whonix 最好與 [Qubes OS](# qubes-os) 配合使用。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Whonix 運行兩個虛擬機器：一個“工作站”和一個 Tor “閘道”。 來自工作站的所有通訊都必須通過 Tor 閘道。 這意味著，即使工作站受到某種惡意軟體的破壞，真實的IP地址仍然隱藏。 @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix 最好能與 [Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qubes/Why_use_Qubes_over ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails** 是一個基於Debian 的自生作業系統，通過 Tor 路由所有通訊，透過 DVD ， USB記憶棒或 SD卡安裝幾乎可在任何電腦上啟動。 它使用 [Tor](tor.md) 來保護隱私和匿名性，同時規避審查制度，並且使用的電腦在關閉電源後不會留下任何痕跡。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Tails logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails** 是一個基於Debian 的自生作業系統，通過 Tor 路由所有通訊，透過 DVD ， USB記憶棒或 SD卡安裝幾乎可在任何電腦上啟動。 它使用 [Tor](tor.md) 來保護隱私和匿名性，同時規避審查制度，並且使用的電腦在關閉電源後不會留下任何痕跡。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
由於失憶功能(意指沒有寫入磁碟)，Tails 非常適合對抗資料探集；然而，它不像 Whonix 那樣是硬化發行版。 它缺乏 Whonix 的許多匿名和安全功能，並且更新頻率較低（每六周一次）。 被惡意軟體入侵的 Tails 系統可能會繞過透明代理，使用戶去匿名化。 @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ Tails Tor 瀏覽器預設包含 [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-origi ### Qubes OS -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** 是開源作業系統，利用安全的虛擬器為桌面運算提供更強的安全性 (或稱"qubes"). Qubes 基於 Xen, X Window 系統與 Linux。 大多數 Linux 應用它都可以執行且適用 Linux 驅動。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** 是開源作業系統，利用安全的虛擬器為桌面運算提供更強的安全性 (或稱"qubes"). Qubes 基於 Xen, X Window 系統與 Linux。 大多數 Linux 應用它都可以執行且適用 Linux 驅動。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS 作業系統將子系統（例如網絡、USB等）和應用程式隔離在個別的 *qubes*以保護電腦。 如果系統的一部分被破壞，其餘的 *qubes*與核心系統仍受到保護。 @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ Qubes OS 作業系統將子系統（例如網絡、USB等）和應用程式隔 雖然我們在大多數情況下[建議不要](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle)使用“永遠過時”的發行版，例如用於桌面的 Debian，但 Kicksecure 是一個基於 Debian 的操作系統，其功能已強化，遠遠超出了典型的 Linux 安裝。 -!!! 推薦 +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—其簡化的介紹—可以說是一組腳本、置配與套件的組合，可大幅減少 Debian 的攻擊面。 它預設覆蓋了大量的隱私和加固建議。 它也是 [Whonix](#whonix) 的基礎作業系統。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—其簡化的介紹—可以說是一組腳本、置配與套件的組合，可大幅減少 Debian 的攻擊面。 它預設覆蓋了大量的隱私和加固建議。 它也是 [Whonix](#whonix) 的基礎作業系統。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## 標準 diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/mobile-browsers.md index 3b298eff..92ea4672 100644 --- a/i18n/zh-Hant/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ Shields 可以選擇根據需要依各網站情況降級，但我們建議預設 ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** 是iOS 預設瀏覽器。 它包含 [隱私功能](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) 例如 [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/)、隱私報告、暫持隔離私密瀏覽標籤分頁、iCloud Private Relay 以及透過簡單設置來減除瀏覽器識別特徵好讓網頁無法查察設備突出特徵。 + **Safari** 是iOS 預設瀏覽器。 It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ Shields 可以選擇根據需要依各網站情況降級，但我們建議預設 #### 建議配置 -這些選項可在 :gear: **設定** → **Safari** → **隱私權和安全性**中找到。 +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### 跨網站追蹤預防 +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### 隱私 & 安全 - [x] 啓用 **防止跨網站跟蹤** -這將啟用 WebKit [智慧型跟蹤保護](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp)。 該功能透過設備的機器學習來阻止跟蹤器不必要的跟蹤。 ITP 可以防止許多常見的威脅，但它不會阻止所有跟蹤途徑，因為它的設計不會干擾網站的可用性。 + 這將啟用 WebKit [智慧型跟蹤保護](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp)。 該功能透過設備的機器學習來阻止跟蹤器不必要的跟蹤。 ITP 可以防止許多常見的威脅，但它不會阻止所有跟蹤途徑，因為它的設計不會干擾網站的可用性。 + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### 隱私報告 diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/search-engines.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/search-engines.md index e176fa35..fa388f76 100644 --- a/i18n/zh-Hant/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/search-engines.md @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ --- -meta_title: "推薦搜尋引擎: 匿名的 Google 替代方案 - Privacy Guides" +meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides" title: "搜尋引擎" icon: material/search-web -description: 這些尊重隱私的搜尋引擎不會根據您的搜尋建立廣告剖繪。 +description: These privacy-respecting search engines don't build an advertising profile based on your searches. cover: search-engines.webp --- @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ cover: search-engines.webp ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** 由 Brave 開發，主要提供自己獨立索引的結果。 該索引是針對 Google 搜索進行優化，因此與其他替代方案相比，可以提供更具上下文準確性的結果。 - - Brave Search 包括獨特的功能，如討論，突出了對話為中心的結果，如論壇文章。 - - 我們建議您停用 [匿名使用指標](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) ，因為它預設為啟用，可在設定中停用。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** 由 Brave 開發，主要提供自己獨立索引的結果。 該索引是針對 Google 搜索進行優化，因此與其他替代方案相比，可以提供更具上下文準確性的結果。 + +Brave Search 包括獨特的功能，如討論，突出了對話為中心的結果，如論壇文章。 + +我們建議您停用 [匿名使用指標](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) ，因為它預設為啟用，可在設定中停用。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search 總部在美國。 他們的 [隱私政策](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) 規定他們收集聚合使用指標，其中包括正在使用的作業系統和瀏覽器，但沒有收集個人識別資訊。 IP位址會暫時處理，但不會保留。 ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** 最主流的隱私搜尋引擎選項之一。 著名的 DuckDuckGo 搜索功能包括 [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang)和許多[即時答案](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/)。 搜尋引擎依賴商業 Bing API 來提供大多數結果，但它確實使用許多[其他來源](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/ )來獲取即時答案和其他非主要結果。 - - DuckDuckGo 是 Tor瀏覽器的預設搜尋引擎，也是 Apple Safari 瀏覽器上為數不多的可用選項之一。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** 最主流的隱私搜尋引擎選項之一。 著名的 DuckDuckGo 搜索功能包括 [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang)和許多[即時答案](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/)。 搜尋引擎依賴商業 Bing API 來提供大多數結果，但它確實使用許多[其他來源](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/ )來獲取即時答案和其他非主要結果。 + +DuckDuckGo 是 Tor瀏覽器的預設搜尋引擎，也是 Apple Safari 瀏覽器上為數不多的可用選項之一。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search 總部在美國。 他們的[隱私政策](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)聲明他們**確實** 記錄使用者搜尋以改善其產品，但不會記錄 IP 地址或其它可識別的個人資訊。 @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo 提供兩種 [其它版本](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** 是一個開源、自我託管的中繼搜索引擎，聚合其他搜索引擎的結果，而自身不儲存任何資訊。 它是一個積極維護的 [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx) 分支。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** 是一個開源、自我託管的中繼搜索引擎，聚合其他搜索引擎的結果，而自身不儲存任何資訊。 它是一個積極維護的 [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx) 分支。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG 是您和它所聚合的搜尋引擎之間的代理。 您的搜尋查詢仍會傳送至 SearXNG 取得搜尋結果的搜尋引擎。 @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ SearXNG 是您和它所聚合的搜尋引擎之間的代理。 您的搜尋查 ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage**為私密搜尋引擎，提供[Google 與 Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) 的搜尋結果。 Startpage 的獨特功能之一是 [匿名視圖](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/) ，它努力標準化用戶活動，使其更難被突出識別。 這個功能可用來隱藏 [某些](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) 網路與瀏覽器特徵。 不像名字所暗示的，該功能不應該依賴於匿名。 如果您正在尋找匿名性，請改用 [Tor瀏覽器](tor.md#tor-browser)。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! warning "警告" +**Startpage**為私密搜尋引擎，提供[Google 與 Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) 的搜尋結果。 Startpage 的獨特功能之一是 [匿名視圖](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/) ，它努力標準化用戶活動，使其更難被突出識別。 這個功能可用來隱藏 [某些](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) 網路與瀏覽器特徵。 不像名字所暗示的，該功能不應該依賴於匿名。 如果您正在尋找匿名性，請改用 [Tor瀏覽器](tor.md#tor-browser)。 - Startpage 定期限制服務對某些 IP位址的存取，例如為 VPN 或Tor 保留的IP。 [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) 和 [Brave Search](#brave-search) 是更友好的選項，如果您的威脅模型需要向搜索提供商隱藏您的IP位址。 +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning "警告"

+ +Startpage 定期限制服務對某些 IP位址的存取，例如為 VPN 或Tor 保留的IP。 [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) 和 [Brave Search](#brave-search) 是更友好的選項，如果您的威脅模型需要向搜索提供商隱藏您的IP位址。 + +
Startpage位於荷蘭。 根據他們的 [隱私政策](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/)，他們記錄細節如：作業系統、瀏覽器類型和語言。 他們不會記錄您的IP位址、搜尋查詢或其他個人識別資訊。 @@ -96,12 +115,12 @@ Startpage 大股東是System1，它是一家廣告技術公司。 我們不認 **請注意，我們所推薦專案沒有任何瓜葛。 ** 除了 [標準準則](about/criteria.md)外，我們還發展出一套明確要求以提出客觀建議。 我們建議您在選擇使用項目之前先熟悉此列表，並進行自己的研究，以確保它是您的正確選擇。 -!!! example "此部分是新的" - - 我們正在努力為我們網站的每個部分建立定義的標準，這可能會有所變化。 如果您對我們的標準有任何疑問，請在 [論壇上提問](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) ，如果沒有列出，請不要認為我們在提出建議時沒有考慮到某些事情。 當我們推薦一個項目時，有許多因素被考慮和討論，記錄每一個項目都是正在進行式。 - +
+

此部份新增

+我們正在努力為我們網站的每個部分建立定義的標準，這可能會有所變化。 如果您對我們的標準有任何疑問，請在 [論壇上提問](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) ，如果沒有列出，請不要認為我們在提出建議時沒有考慮到某些事情。 當我們推薦一個項目時，有許多因素被考慮和討論，記錄每一個項目都是正在進行式。 +
### 最低合格要求 diff --git a/i18n/zh/desktop.md b/i18n/zh/desktop.md index c8a20b76..57bbe261 100644 --- a/i18n/zh/desktop.md +++ b/i18n/zh/desktop.md @@ -13,45 +13,57 @@ cover: desktop.webp ### Fedora Workstation（Fedora 工作站） -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora标志](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg) { align=right } - - **Fedora Workstation**是我们为刚接触Linux的人推荐的发行版。 Fedora通常在其他发行版之前采用较新的技术，例如： [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org)。 这些新技术往往伴随着安全、隐私和总体可用性的改进。 - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora标志](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-workstation.svg) { align=right } + +**Fedora Workstation**是我们为刚接触Linux的人推荐的发行版。 Fedora通常在其他发行版之前采用较新的技术，例如： [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org/), [PipeWire](https://pipewire.org)。 这些新技术往往伴随着安全、隐私和总体可用性的改进。 + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/workstation/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Fedora有一个半滚动的发布周期。 虽然有些软件包如 [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org) 被冻结到下一个 Fedora 版本，但大多数软件包(包括内核)在整个发行期都会频繁更新。 每个Fedora版本都支持一年，每6个月发布一个新版本。 ### openSUSE Tumbleweed -!!! recommendation +
- ![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensus-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } - - **openSUSE Tumbleweed**是一个稳定的滚动发布版本。 - - openSUSE Tumbleweed 有一个 [事务性更新](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) 系统，使用 [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) 和 [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) 来确保快照在出现问题时可以回滚。 - - [:octicons-home-16: 主页](https://getfedora.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=文档} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=贡献 } +![openSUSE Tumbleweed logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/opensus-tumbleweed.svg){ align=right } + +**openSUSE Tumbleweed**是一个稳定的滚动发布版本。 + +openSUSE Tumbleweed 有一个 [事务性更新](https://kubic.opensuse.org/blog/2018-04-04-transactionalupdates/) 系统，使用 [Btrfs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Btrfs) 和 [Snapper](https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Snapper_Tutorial) 来确保快照在出现问题时可以回滚。 + +[:octicons-home-16: 主页](https://getfedora.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=文档} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://shop.opensuse.org/){ .card-link title=贡献 } + + + +
Tumbleweed采用的是滚动发布模式，每次更新都是以快照的形式发布。 当你升级你的系统时，会下载一个新的快照。 每个快照都要通过一系列的自动测试，由 [openQA](https://openqa.opensuse.org) ，以确保其质量。 ### Arch Linux -!!! recommendation +
- ![Arch标志](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } - - **Arch Linux**是一个轻量级的、自己动手的（DIY）发行版，意味着你只得到你所安装的东西。 更多信息见他们的 [FAQ]（https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions）。 - - [:octicons-home-16: 主页](https://getfedora.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=文档} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=贡献 } +![Arch标志](assets/img/linux-desktop/archlinux.svg){ align=right } + +**Arch Linux**是一个轻量级的、自己动手的（DIY）发行版，意味着你只得到你所安装的东西。 更多信息见他们的 [FAQ]（https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Frequently_asked_questions）。 + +[:octicons-home-16: 主页](https://getfedora.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/docs/){ .card-link title=文档} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://archlinux.org/donate/){ .card-link title=贡献 } + + + +
Arch Linux有一个滚动的发布周期。 没有固定的发布时间表，软件包的更新非常频繁。 @@ -63,15 +75,19 @@ Arch Linux有一个滚动的发布周期。 没有固定的发布时间表，软 ### Fedora Silverblue -!!! recommendation +
- ![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } - - **Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Fedora Silverblue logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/fedora-silverblue.svg){ align=right } + +**Fedora Silverblue** is an immutable variant of Fedora with a strong focus on container workflows and the [GNOME](https://www.gnome.org/) desktop environment. If you prefer an environment other than GNOME, there are also other variants including [Kinoite](https://fedoraproject.org/kinoite/) (which comes with [KDE](https://kde.org/)) and [Sericea](https://fedoraproject.org/sericea/) (which comes with [Sway](https://swaywm.org/), a [Wayland](https://wayland.freedesktop.org)-only tiling window manager). We don't recommend [Onyx](https://fedoraproject.org/onyx/) at this time as it still [requires X11](https://buddiesofbudgie.org/blog/wayland). All of these variants follow the same release schedule as Fedora Workstation, benefiting from the same fast updates and staying very close to upstream. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://fedoraproject.org/silverblue/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://whatcanidoforfedora.org/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [DNF](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/dnf/) package manager with a much more advanced alternative called [`rpm-ostree`](https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora/latest/system-administrators-guide/package-management/rpm-ostree/). `rpm-ostree` 软件包管理器的工作方式是为系统下载一个基本镜像，然后在一个 [git](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Git)-like commit tree中叠加软件包。 当系统更新时，会下载一个新的基本图像，覆盖物将被应用于该新图像。 @@ -83,15 +99,19 @@ Silverblue and its variants differ from Fedora Workstation as they replace the [ ### NixOS -!!! recommendation +
- ![NixOS标志](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } - - NixOS是一个基于Nix软件包管理器的独立发行版，注重可重复性和可靠性。 - - [:octicons-home-16: 主页](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=文档} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=贡献 } +![NixOS标志](assets/img/linux-desktop/nixos.svg){ align=right } + +NixOS是一个基于Nix软件包管理器的独立发行版，注重可重复性和可靠性。 + +[:octicons-home-16: 主页](https://nixos.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://nixos.org/learn.html){ .card-link title=文档} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://nixos.org/donate.html){ .card-link title=贡献 } + + + +
NixOS的软件包管理器将每个软件包的每个版本保存在 **Nix商店的不同文件夹中**。 由于这个原因，你可以在你的系统上安装同一软件包的不同版本。 在包的内容被写入文件夹后，该文件夹被变成只读。 @@ -107,16 +127,20 @@ Nix是一个基于源代码的软件包管理器；如果在二进制缓存中 ### Whonix -!!! recommendation +
- ![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } - - **Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. 它的目的是在互联网上提供隐私、安全和匿名性。 Whonix最好与[Qubes OS]（#qubes-os）一起使用。 - - [:octicons-home-16: 主页](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="洋葱服务" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=文档} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=贡献 } +![Whonix logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/whonix.svg){ align=right } + +**Whonix** is based on [Kicksecure](#kicksecure), a security-focused fork of Debian. 它的目的是在互联网上提供隐私、安全和匿名性。 Whonix最好与[Qubes OS]（#qubes-os）一起使用。 + +[:octicons-home-16: 主页](https://www.whonix.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://www.dds6qkxpwdeubwucdiaord2xgbbeyds25rbsgr73tbfpqpt4a6vjwsyd.onion){ .card-link title="洋葱服务" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=文档} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=贡献 } + + + +
Whonix旨在作为两个虚拟机运行：一个 "工作站 "和一个Tor "网关"。 工作站的所有通信都必须通过Tor网关。 这意味着，即使工作站被某种恶意软件入侵，真实的IP地址仍然是隐藏的。 @@ -126,15 +150,19 @@ Whonix is best used [in conjunction with Qubes](https://www.whonix.org/wiki/Qube ### Tails -!!! recommendation +
- ![Tails标志](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } - - **Tails**是一个基于Debian的实时操作系统，它通过Tor路由所有的通信，它可以从DVD、U盘或SD卡安装在几乎任何电脑上启动。 它使用 [Tor]（tor.md）来保护隐私和匿名，同时规避审查制度，而且在关闭电源后，它不会在其使用的计算机上留下任何痕迹。 - - [:octicons-home-16: 主页](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=文档} - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=贡献 } +![Tails标志](assets/img/linux-desktop/tails.svg){ align=right } + +**Tails**是一个基于Debian的实时操作系统，它通过Tor路由所有的通信，它可以从DVD、U盘或SD卡安装在几乎任何电脑上启动。 它使用 [Tor]（tor.md）来保护隐私和匿名，同时规避审查制度，而且在关闭电源后，它不会在其使用的计算机上留下任何痕迹。 + +[:octicons-home-16: 主页](https://tails.boum.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://tails.boum.org/doc/index.en.html){ .card-link title=文档} +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://tails.boum.org/donate/){ .card-link title=贡献 } + + + +
Tails由于具有失忆功能（意味着没有任何东西被写入磁盘），对于反取证来说是非常好的；然而，它并不是像Whonix那样的加固发行版。 它缺乏Whonix所具有的许多匿名和安全功能，而且更新频率更低（每六周才更新一次）。 被恶意软件入侵的Tails系统可能会绕过透明代理，允许用户去匿名化。 @@ -146,18 +174,22 @@ Tails默认在Tor浏览器中包括 [uBlock Origin](desktop-browsers.md#ublock-o ### Qubes操作系统 -!!! recommendation +
- ![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } - - **Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Qubes OS logo](assets/img/qubes/qubes_os.svg){ align=right } + +**Qubes OS** is an open-source operating system designed to provide strong security for desktop computing through secure virtual machines (or "qubes"). Qubes is based on Xen, the X Window System, and Linux. It can run most Linux applications and use most of the Linux drivers. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.qubes-os.org/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](http://qubesosfasa4zl44o4tws22di6kepyzfeqv3tg4e3ztknltfxqrymdad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/privacy/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/QubesOS/){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.qubes-os.org/donate/){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
Qubes OS secures the computer by isolating subsystems (e.g., networking, USB, etc.) and applications in separate *qubes*. Should one part of the system be compromised, the extra isolation is likely to protect the rest of the *qubes* and the core system. @@ -167,17 +199,21 @@ For further information about how Qubes works, read our full [Qubes OS overview] While we [recommend against](os/linux-overview.md#release-cycle) "perpetually outdated" distributions like Debian for Desktop use in most cases, Kicksecure is a Debian-based operating system which has been hardened to be much more than a typical Linux install. -!!! recommendation +
- ![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } - - **Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. 它默认涵盖了大量的隐私和加固建议。 It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } - [:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } +![Kicksecure logo](assets/img/linux-desktop/kicksecure.svg){ align=right } + +**Kicksecure**—in oversimplified terms—is a set of scripts, configurations, and packages that substantially reduce the attack surface of Debian. 它默认涵盖了大量的隐私和加固建议。 It also serves as the base OS for [Whonix](#whonix). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.kicksecure.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Privacy_Policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Documentation){ .card-link title=Documentation } +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Kicksecure){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +[:octicons-heart-16:](https://www.kicksecure.com/wiki/Donate){ .card-link title=Contribute } + + + +
## Criteria diff --git a/i18n/zh/mobile-browsers.md b/i18n/zh/mobile-browsers.md index fb15e8a3..c5085f46 100644 --- a/i18n/zh/mobile-browsers.md +++ b/i18n/zh/mobile-browsers.md @@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. ![Safari logo](assets/img/browsers/safari.svg){ align=right } - **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, and fingerprinting reduction by presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical. + **Safari** is the default browser in iOS. It includes [privacy features](https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/browse-the-web-privately-iphb01fc3c85/15.0/ios/15.0) such as [Intelligent Tracking Prevention](https://webkit.org/blog/7675/intelligent-tracking-prevention/), Privacy Report, isolated and ephemeral Private Browsing tabs, iCloud Private Relay, fingerprinting protection by randomizing and presenting a simplified version of the system configuration to websites so more devices look identical, and the ability to lock private tabs with your biometrics/PIN. It also allows you to separate your browsing with different profiles. [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.apple.com/safari/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/safari/){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } @@ -140,13 +140,27 @@ On iOS, any app that can browse the web is [restricted](https://developer.apple. #### 推荐配置 -These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** → **Privacy and Security**. +These options can be found in :gear: **Settings** → **Safari** -##### Cross-Site Tracking Prevention +##### Profiles + +All of your cookies, history, and website data will be separate for each profile. You should use different profiles for different purposes e.g. Shopping, Work, or School. + +##### 隐私与安全 - [x] Enable **Prevent Cross-Site Tracking** -This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + This enables WebKit's [Intelligent Tracking Protection](https://webkit.org/tracking-prevention/#intelligent-tracking-prevention-itp). The feature helps protect against unwanted tracking by using on-device machine learning to stop trackers. ITP protects against many common threats, but it does not block all tracking avenues because it is designed to not interfere with website usability. + +- [x] Enable **Require Face ID to Unlock Private Browsing** + + This setting allows you to lock your private tabs behind biometrics/PIN when not in use. + +##### Advanced → Privacy + +The **Advanced Tracking and Fingerprinting Protection** setting will randomize certain values so that it's more difficult to fingerprint you: + +- [x] Select **All Browsing** or **Private Browsing** ##### Privacy Report diff --git a/i18n/zh/search-engines.md b/i18n/zh/search-engines.md index 65665357..7fc05e18 100644 --- a/i18n/zh/search-engines.md +++ b/i18n/zh/search-engines.md @@ -14,37 +14,45 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](https://www.torproject.org/) if your thr ## Brave Search -!!! recommendation +
- ![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } - - **Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. - - Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. - - We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right } + +**Brave Search** is developed by Brave and serves results primarily from its own, independent index. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives. + +Brave Search includes unique features such as Discussions, which highlights conversation-focused results—such as forum posts. + +We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com/){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
Brave Search is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) states they collect aggregated usage metrics, which includes the operating system and browser in use, however no personally identifiable information is collected. IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. ## DuckDuckGo -!!! recommendation +
- ![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } - - **DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. - - DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right } + +**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and many [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features/). The search engine relies on a commercial Bing API to serve most results, but it does use numerous [other sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources/) for instant answers and other non-primary results. + +DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the Tor Browser and is one of the few available options on Apple’s Safari browser. + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com/){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
DuckDuckGo is based in the United States. Their [privacy policy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) states they **do** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other personally identifying information. @@ -52,15 +60,19 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non- ## SearXNG -!!! recommendation +
- ![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } - - **SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} - [:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } +![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right } + +**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine, aggregating the results of other search engines while not storing any information itself. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx). + +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space/){ .card-link title="Public Instances"} +[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" } + + + +
SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from. @@ -70,20 +82,27 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. ## Startpage -!!! recommendation +
- ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } - ![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } - - **Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - - [:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } - [:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } - [:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right } +![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right } -!!! 推荐 +**Startpage** is a private search engine known for serving [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing-) search results. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://www.startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead. - Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. +[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://www.startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary } +[:octicons-eye-16:](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" } +[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation} + + + +
+ +
+

Warning

+ +Startpage regularly limits service access to certain IP addresses, such as IPs reserved for VPNs or Tor. [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) and [Brave Search](#brave-search) are friendlier options if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider. + +
Startpage is based in the Netherlands. According to their [privacy policy](https://www.startpage.com/en/privacy-policy/), they log details such as: operating system, type of browser, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other personally identifying information. @@ -93,9 +112,12 @@ Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't b **Please note we are not affiliated with any of the projects we recommend.** In addition to [our standard criteria](about/criteria.md), we have developed a clear set of requirements to allow us to provide objective recommendations. We suggest you familiarize yourself with this list before choosing to use a project, and conduct your own research to ensure it's the right choice for you. -!!! example "This section is new" +
+

This section is new

- We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. +We are working on establishing defined criteria for every section of our site, and this may be subject to change. If you have any questions about our criteria, please [ask on our forum](https://discuss.privacyguides.net/latest) and don't assume we didn't consider something when making our recommendations if it is not listed here. There are many factors considered and discussed when we recommend a project, and documenting every single one is a work-in-progress. + +
### Minimum Requirements