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@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ DNS自互联网的 [早期](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System#His
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## 什么是“加密DNS” ？
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加密DNS可以指代若干协议中的一种，最常见的协议是：
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Encrypted DNS can refer to one of a number of protocols, the most common ones being [DNSCrypt](#dnscrypt), [DNS over TLS](#dns-over-tls-dot), and [DNS over HTTPS](#dns-over-https-doh).
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### DNSCrypt
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@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ DNS自互联网的 [早期](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System#His
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### DNS over HTTPS (DoH)
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[**DNS over HTTPS**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_over_HTTPS)由[RFC 8484](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8484) 定义，查询通过[HTTP/2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP/2) 协议打包并通过 HTTPS保障安全性. 由Firefox 60和Chrome 83等Web浏览器首次实现支持。 由Firefox 60和Chrome 83等Web浏览器首次实现支持。
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[**DNS over HTTPS**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_over_HTTPS), as defined in [RFC 8484](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8484), packages queries in the [HTTP/2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP/2) protocol and provides security with HTTPS. 由Firefox 60和Chrome 83等Web浏览器首次实现支持。
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DoH的原生实现出现在iOS 14、macOS 11、微软Windows和Android 13中（然而，它不会被默认启用 [](https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/packages/modules/DnsResolver/+/1833144)）。 一般的Linux桌面支持还在等待systemd [实现](https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/8639) ，所以 [目前依然需要安装第三方软件](../dns.md#linux)。
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@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ DoH的原生实现出现在iOS 14、macOS 11、微软Windows和Android 13中（
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#### Linux系统
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`systemd-resolved`, which many Linux distributions use to do their DNS lookups, doesn't yet [support DoH](https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/8639). If you want to use DoH, you'll need to install a proxy like [dnscrypt-proxy](https://github.com/DNSCrypt/dnscrypt-proxy) and [configure it](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dnscrypt-proxy) to take all the DNS queries from your system resolver and forward them over HTTPS.
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`systemd-resolved`, which many Linux distributions use to do their DNS lookups, doesn't yet [support DoH](https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/8639). If you want to use DoH, you'll need to install a proxy like [dnscrypt-proxy](../dns.md#dnscrypt-proxy) and [configure it](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Dnscrypt-proxy) to take all the DNS queries from your system resolver and forward them over HTTPS.
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## 外部一方能看到什么？
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@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ We can see the [connection establishment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmis
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## 为什么我**不应该** 使用加密的DNS？
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在有互联网过滤（或审查）的地方，访问被禁止的资源可能会有自己的后果，你应该在你的 [威胁模型](../basics/threat-modeling.md)。 我们 **不** 建议为此目的使用加密的DNS。 使用 [Tor](https://torproject.org) 或 [VPN](../vpn.md) 来代替。 如果您使用的是VPN ，则应使用VPN的DNS服务器。 使用VPN时，您已经信任它们的所有网络活动。
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在有互联网过滤（或审查）的地方，访问被禁止的资源可能会有自己的后果，你应该在你的 [威胁模型](../basics/threat-modeling.md)。 我们 **不** 建议为此目的使用加密的DNS。 Use [Tor](../advanced/tor-overview.md) or a [VPN](../vpn.md) instead. 如果您使用的是VPN ，则应使用VPN的DNS服务器。 使用VPN时，您已经信任它们的所有网络活动。
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当我们进行DNS查找时，通常是因为我们想要访问资源。 下面，我们将讨论一些即使在使用加密的DNS时也可能泄露你的浏览活动的方法。
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@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ schema:
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2. **Unknown identity** - An unknown identity could be a stable pseudonym that you regularly use. It is not anonymous because it doesn't change. If you're part of an online community, you may wish to retain a persona that others know. This pseudonym isn't anonymous because—if monitored for long enough—details about the owner can reveal further information, such as the way they write, their general knowledge about topics of interest, etc.
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You may wish to use a VPN for this, to mask your IP address. Financial transactions are more difficult to mask: You could consider using anonymous cryptocurrencies, such as [Monero](https://getmonero.org). Employing altcoin shifting may also help to disguise where your currency originated. Typically, exchanges require KYC (know your customer) to be completed before they'll allow you to exchange fiat currency into any kind of cryptocurrency. Local meet-up options may also be a solution; however, those are often more expensive and sometimes also require KYC.
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You may wish to use a VPN for this, to mask your IP address. Financial transactions are more difficult to mask: You could consider using anonymous cryptocurrencies, such as [Monero](../cryptocurrency.md#monero). Employing altcoin shifting may also help to disguise where your currency originated. Typically, exchanges require KYC (know your customer) to be completed before they'll allow you to exchange fiat currency into any kind of cryptocurrency. Local meet-up options may also be a solution; however, those are often more expensive and sometimes also require KYC.
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3. **Anonymous identity** - Even with experience, anonymous identities are difficult to maintain over long periods of time. They should be short-term and short-lived identities which are rotated regularly.
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@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ description: 电子邮件在许多方面本身就不安全，以下是它不是
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### 我如何保护我的私钥？
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A smartcard (such as a [YubiKey](https://support.yubico.com/hc/articles/360013790259-Using-Your-YubiKey-with-OpenPGP) or [Nitrokey](https://nitrokey.com)) works by receiving an encrypted email message from a device (phone, tablet, computer, etc.) running an email/webmail client. 然后，该信息被智能卡解密，解密后的内容被送回设备。
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A smartcard (such as a [YubiKey](https://support.yubico.com/hc/articles/360013790259-Using-Your-YubiKey-with-OpenPGP) or [Nitrokey](../multi-factor-authentication.md#nitrokey) works by receiving an encrypted email message from a device (phone, tablet, computer, etc.) running an email/webmail client. 然后，该信息被智能卡解密，解密后的内容被送回设备。
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在智能卡上进行解密是很有利的，这样可以避免将你的私钥暴露给某个被攻破的设备。
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@@ -321,6 +321,8 @@ For encrypting your operating system drive, we typically recommend using whichev
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<div class="grid cards" markdown>
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Redlib (Reddit, Web)](frontends.md#redlib)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [ProxiTok (TikTok, Web)](frontends.md#proxitok)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [FreeTube (YouTube, Desktop)](frontends.md#freetube)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Yattee (YouTube; iOS, tvOS, macOS)](frontends.md#yattee)
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- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [LibreTube (YouTube, Android)](frontends.md#libretube-android)
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