-{ align=right }
+{ align=right }
-**NewsFlash** is an open-source, modern, and easy-to-use news feed reader for Linux. It can be used offline or with services like [Inoreader](https://inoreader.com) or [Nextcloud News](https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/news). It has a search feature and a pre-defined list of sources that you can add directly.
+**NewsFlash** è un feed di notizie open-source, moderno e facile da usare per Linux. Può essere utilizzato offline o con servizi come [Inoreader](https://inoreader.com) o [Nextcloud News](https://apps.nextcloud.com/apps/news). Dispone di una funzione di ricerca e di un elenco predefinito di risorse che è possibile aggiungere direttamente.
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://gitlab.com/news-flash/news_flash_gtk#newsflash){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.com/news-flash/news_flash_gtk){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
+[:octicons-code-16:](https://gitlab.com/news-flash/news_flash_gtk){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" }
Scarica
@@ -64,11 +64,11 @@ A **news aggregator** is software which aggregates digital content from online n
**Feeder** è un client moderno RSS per Android con molte [funzionalità](https://github.com/spacecowboy/Feeder#features) e funziona bene con le cartelle di feed RSS.
-It supports [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS), [Atom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(Web_standard)), [RDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF%2FXML), and [JSON Feed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON_Feed).
+Supporta [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS), [Atom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(Web_standard)), [RDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF%2FXML) e [JSON Feed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON_Feed).
[:octicons-repo-16: Repository](https://github.com/spacecowboy/Feeder#readme){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/spacecowboy/Feeder){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
-[:octicons-heart-16:](https://ko-fi.com/spacecowboy){ .card-link title="Contribute" }
+[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/spacecowboy/Feeder){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" }
+[:octicons-heart-16:](https://ko-fi.com/spacecowboy){ .card-link title="Contribuisci" }
Scarica
@@ -89,12 +89,12 @@ It supports [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS), [Atom](https://en.wikipedi
**Miniflux** è un aggregatore di notizie basato sul web self-hostable.
-It supports [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS), [Atom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(Web_standard)), [RDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF%2FXML), and [JSON Feed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON_Feed).
+Supporta [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS), [Atom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom_(Web_standard)), [RDF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDF%2FXML) e [JSON Feed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON_Feed).
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://miniflux.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://miniflux.app/docs/index#user-guide){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/miniflux/v2){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
-[:octicons-heart-16:](https://miniflux.app/#donations){ .card-link title="Contribute" }
+[:octicons-home-16: Pagina Principale](https://miniflux.app){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://miniflux.app/docs/index#user-guide){ .card-link title="Documentazione" }
+[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/miniflux/v2){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" }
+[:octicons-heart-16:](https://miniflux.app/#donations){ .card-link title="Contribuisci" }
@@ -106,12 +106,12 @@ It supports [RSS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSS), [Atom](https://en.wikipedi
**NetNewsWire** è un lettore di feed gratuito e open source per macOS e iOS con un'attenzione particolare al design e alle funzionalità native.
-It supports conventional feed formats and includes built-in support for Reddit feeds.
+Supporta formati di feed convenzionali e include il supporto integrato per i feed Reddit.
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://netnewswire.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://netnewswire.com/privacypolicy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://netnewswire.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Ranchero-Software/NetNewsWire){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
+[:octicons-home-16: Pagina Principale](https://netnewswire.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://netnewswire.com/privacypolicy){ .card-link title="Informativa sulla Privacy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://netnewswire.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentazione" }
+[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/Ranchero-Software/NetNewsWire){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" }
Scarica
@@ -129,11 +129,11 @@ It supports conventional feed formats and includes built-in support for Reddit f
{ align=right }
-**Newsboat** è un lettore di feed RSS/Atom per la console di testo. È un fork attivamente mantenuto di [Newsbeuter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsbeuter). It is very lightweight and ideal for use over [Secure Shell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell).
+**Newsboat** è un lettore di feed RSS/Atom per la console di testo. È un fork attivamente mantenuto di [Newsbeuter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsbeuter). È molto leggero e ideale per l'uso su [Secure Shell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Shell).
-[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://newsboat.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://newsboat.org/releases/2.38/docs/newsboat.html){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/newsboat/newsboat){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
+[:octicons-home-16: Pagina Principale](https://newsboat.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://newsboat.org/releases/2.38/docs/newsboat.html){ .card-link title=Documentazione}
+[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/newsboat/newsboat){ .card-link title="Codice Sorgente" }
@@ -146,16 +146,16 @@ It supports conventional feed formats and includes built-in support for Reddit f
## Social che supportano RSS
-Some social media services also support RSS, although it's not often advertised.
+Anche alcuni social supportano RSS, ma spesso non viene pubblicizzato.
### Reddit
-Reddit allows you to subscribe to Subreddits via RSS.
+Reddit consente d'iscriverti ai subreddit tramite RSS.
Esempio
-Replace `[SUBREDDIT]` with the Subreddit you wish to subscribe to.
+Sostituisci `[SUBREDDIT]` con il subreddit a cui desideri iscriverti.
```text
https://reddit.com/r/[SUBREDDIT]/new/.rss
@@ -165,12 +165,12 @@ https://reddit.com/r/[SUBREDDIT]/new/.rss
### YouTube
-You can subscribe to YouTube channels without logging in and associating usage information with your Google account.
+Puoi iscriverti ai canali YouTube senza accedere e senza associare le informazioni di utilizzo con il tuo account Google.
Esempio
-Per iscriverti a un canale YouTube con un client RSS, cerca innanzitutto il [codice del canale](https://support.google.com/youtube/answer6180214). The channel code can be found in the expanded description (i.e., the "About" section) of the YouTube channel you wish to subscribe to: **About** → **Share channel** → **Copy channel ID**. Sostituisci `[ID CANALE]` qui sotto:
+Per iscriverti a un canale YouTube con un client RSS, cerca innanzitutto il [codice del canale](https://support.google.com/youtube/answer6180214). Il codice del canale si trova nella descrizione estesa (cioè nella sezione "Informazioni") del canale YouTube a cui ti vuole iscrivere: **Informazioni** → **Condividi canale** → **Copia ID canale**. Sostituisci `[ID CANALE]` qui sotto:
```text
https://youtube.com/feeds/videos.xml?channel_id=[ID CANALE]
diff --git a/i18n/it/search-engines.md b/i18n/it/search-engines.md
index 7c685830..744cfdc0 100644
--- a/i18n/it/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/it/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Motori di ricerca consigliati: alternative anonime a Google - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Motori di ricerca"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Motori di ricerca
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -10,44 +10,45 @@ global:
- "table tbody"
---
-
Protects against the following threat(s):
+
Protezione dalle seguenti minacce:
- [:material-account-cash: Capitalismo di sorveglianza](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model ""){.pg-brown}
-Use a **search engine** that doesn't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+Utilizza un **motore di ricerca** che non crei un profilo pubblicitario basato sulle tue ricerche.
## Fornitori consigliati
-The recommendations here do not collect personally identifying information (PII) based on each service's privacy policy. Non esiste **alcuna garanzia** che tali politiche sulle privacy siano rispettate.
+Queste raccomandazioni non raccolgono informazioni d'identificazione personale (PII) sulla base dell'informativa sulla privacy di ciascun servizio. Non esiste **alcuna garanzia** che tali politiche sulle privacy siano rispettate.
Considera l'utilizzo di una [VPN](vpn.md) o di [Tor](tor.md), se il tuo modello di minaccia richiede l'occultamento del tuo indirizzo IP dal fornitore di ricerca.
-| Provider | Search Index | Tor Hidden Service | Logging / Privacy Policy | Country of Operation |
-| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
-| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
-| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| Provider | Indice di Ricerca | Servizio Nascosto Tor | Logging / Informativa sulla privacy | Paese di Esercizio |
+| ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------- | --------------------- |
+| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Indipendente](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonimizzato[^1] | Stati Uniti d'America |
+| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | Stati Uniti d'America |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google e Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Paesi Bassi |
### Brave Search
-{ align=right }
+{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. L'indice è ottimizzato rispetto a Google Search e, dunque, potrebbe fornire risultati contestualmente più accurati, rispetto ad altre alternative.
+**Brave Search** è un motore di ricerca sviluppato da Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
-We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
+Ti consigliamo di disabilitare le [Statistiche di utilizzo anonime](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics), in quanto sono abilitate per impostazione predefinita e possono essere disabilitate nelle impostazioni.
### DuckDuckGo
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. Tuttavia, queste versioni mancano di funzionalità. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Suggerimento
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
+
+Mullvad Leta was [audited](https://mullvad.net/en/blog/security-audit-of-our-letamullvadnet-search-service) by Assured AB in March 2023. All issues were addressed and fixed shortly after the [report](https://assured.se/publications/Assured_Mullvad_Leta_pentest_report_2023.pdf).
+
### Startpage
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. È un fork attivamente mantenuto di [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ I nostri criteri ottimali rappresentano ciò che vorremmo vedere dal progetto pe
- Dovrebbe basarsi su software open source.
- Non dovrebbe bloccare gli indirizzi IP del nodo d'uscita di Tor.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/it/tools.md b/i18n/it/tools.md
index 74fa8504..5477608d 100644
--- a/i18n/it/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/it/tools.md
@@ -348,10 +348,11 @@ Se stai cercando maggiore **sicurezza**, dovresti sempre assicurarti di connette
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/ja/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/ja/desktop-browsers.md
index e5928c57..06568e21 100644
--- a/i18n/ja/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/ja/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "プライバシーを尊重したPCとMac向けウェブブラウザ - Privacy Guides"
-title: "デスクトップブラウザ"
+title: デスクトップブラウザ
icon: material/laptop
description: 標準的・非匿名のインターネットブラウジングにおいて推奨するデスクトップシステム向けプライバシー保護ブラウザ。
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ Mullvad Browserは常にプライベートブラウジングモードで動作
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browserは [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) が標準の検索エンジンになっています。Mullvad LetaはGoogleもしくはBrave（Mullvad Letaのウェブページから設定可能）で検索するプロキシの役割を果たします。
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-もしMullvad VPNのユーザーであるなら、Mullvad LetaのようなVPNプロバイダーが提供するサービスを利用することは一定程度のリスクが生じます。 Mullvadは（VPN経由で）利用している本当のIPアドレスと（Leta経由での）検索アクティビティに理論上はアクセスできてしまいます。これらは本来VPNが分離しようとしているものです。 MullvadはMullvad VPNの利用者やMullvad Letaの利用者からはほとんど情報を収集しませんが、そのようなリスクについて懸念があるならば、別の[検索エンジン](search-engines.md)の利用を検討すべきです。
+もしMullvad VPNのユーザーであるなら、Mullvad LetaのようなVPNプロバイダーが提供するサービスを利用することは一定程度のリスクが生じます。 This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. MullvadはMullvad VPNの利用者やMullvad Letaの利用者からはほとんど情報を収集しませんが、そのようなリスクについて懸念があるならば、別の[検索エンジン](search-engines.md)の利用を検討すべきです。
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/ja/search-engines.md b/i18n/ja/search-engines.md
index dda8982b..f860ccce 100644
--- a/i18n/ja/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/ja/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "検索エンジン"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: 検索エンジン
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy.
- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/ja/tools.md b/i18n/ja/tools.md
index c758e72b..ec440d4e 100644
--- a/i18n/ja/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/ja/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/ko/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/ko/desktop-browsers.md
index c9df15b3..4aab64fe 100644
--- a/i18n/ko/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/ko/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "프라이버시 중점 PC, Mac용 웹 브라우저 - Privacy Guides"
-title: "데스크톱 브라우저"
+title: 데스크톱 브라우저
icon: material/laptop
description: These privacy-protecting browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on desktop systems.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ Mullvad 브라우저는 항상 사생활 보호 모드로 작동하므로 방문
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/ko/search-engines.md b/i18n/ko/search-engines.md
index b841ad62..7f521ac7 100644
--- a/i18n/ko/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/ko/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "검색 엔진"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: 검색 엔진
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. 해당 색인은 Google 검색에 최적화되어 있으므로, 다른 대안에 비해 문맥상 더 정확한 결과를 제공할 수 있습니다.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. 단, JavaScript 없이 사용 가능한 버전은 기능이 완전하지 않습니다. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. SearXNG는 [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx)로부터 포크된 프로젝트로, 활발하게 유지 관리되고 있습니다.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ SearXNG 인스턴스를 사용하는 경우에는 해당 인스턴스의 프라
- 오픈 소스 소프트웨어 기반이어야 합니다.
- Tor 출구 노드 IP 주소를 차단해서는 안 됩니다.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/ko/tools.md b/i18n/ko/tools.md
index 173bad43..617bf0cd 100644
--- a/i18n/ko/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/ko/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop-browsers.md
index 073b9c5c..2e1897af 100644
--- a/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "Privacy Respecting Web Browsers for PC and Mac - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Desktop Browsers"
+title: Desktop Browsers
icon: material/laptop
description: These privacy-protecting browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on desktop systems.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ This is required to prevent advanced forms of tracking, but does come at the cos
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/search-engines.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/search-engines.md
index eeae9281..7e400005 100644
--- a/i18n/ku-IQ/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Search Engines"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Search Engines
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect pro
- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md b/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md
index aaddcdd1..78ee9ec0 100644
--- a/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/ku-IQ/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/nl/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/nl/desktop-browsers.md
index c2f65244..43d8456d 100644
--- a/i18n/nl/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/nl/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "Privacy respecterende webbrowsers voor PC en Mac - Privacy Handleidingen"
-title: "Desktop Browsers"
+title: Desktop Browsers
icon: material/laptop
description: These privacy-protecting browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on desktop systems.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ Dit is nodig om geavanceerde vormen van tracking te voorkomen, maar gaat wel ten
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/nl/search-engines.md b/i18n/nl/search-engines.md
index 0ac396d2..45d61c28 100644
--- a/i18n/nl/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/nl/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Zoekmachines"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Zoekmachines
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. De index is geoptimaliseerd voor Google Search en kan daarom contextueel nauwkeurigere resultaten bieden dan andere alternatieven.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. Deze versies missen echter functies. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. Het is een actief onderhouden vork van [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ Onze best-case criteria geven aan wat wij zouden willen zien van het perfecte pr
- Moet gebaseerd zijn op open-source software.
- Mag geen Tor exit node IP adressen blokkeren.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/nl/tools.md b/i18n/nl/tools.md
index b2d534f0..a6b6d8e5 100644
--- a/i18n/nl/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/nl/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/pl/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/pl/desktop-browsers.md
index 02aeace6..7cd8ca52 100644
--- a/i18n/pl/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/pl/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "Przeglądarki internetowe na PC i Mac respektujące prywatność - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Przeglądarki desktopowe"
+title: Przeglądarki desktopowe
icon: material/laptop
description: Te przeglądarki chroniące prywatność są obecnie zalecane do standardowego / nieanonimowego przeglądania Internetu na komputerach stacjonarnych.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ Jest to wymagane, aby zapobiec zaawansowanym formom śledzenia, ale odbywa się
### Mullvad Leta
-Przeglądarka Mullvad domyślnie korzysta z [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) jako wyszukiwarki, która działa jako proxy do wyników wyszukiwania Google lub Brave (do wyboru na stronie głównej Mullvad Leta).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-Jeśli jesteś użytkownikiem Mullvad VPN, korzystanie z usług takich jak Mullvad Leta, oferowanych bezpośrednio przez samego dostawcę VPN, wiąże się z pewnym ryzykiem. Dzieje się tak, ponieważ Mullvad teoretycznie ma dostęp zarówno do prawdziwego adresu IP (poprzez VPN), jak i do aktywności wyszukiwania (poprzez Leta) - czyli do informacji, które VPN z założenia powinien od siebie oddzielać. Nawet jeśli Mullvad gromadzi bardzo mało informacji o swoich użytkownikach VPN czy Leta, powinieneś rozważyć użycie innej [wyszukiwarki](search-engines.md), jeśli to ryzyko budzi Twój niepokój.
+Jeśli jesteś użytkownikiem Mullvad VPN, korzystanie z usług takich jak Mullvad Leta, oferowanych bezpośrednio przez samego dostawcę VPN, wiąże się z pewnym ryzykiem. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Nawet jeśli Mullvad gromadzi bardzo mało informacji o swoich użytkownikach VPN czy Leta, powinieneś rozważyć użycie innej [wyszukiwarki](search-engines.md), jeśli to ryzyko budzi Twój niepokój.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/pl/search-engines.md b/i18n/pl/search-engines.md
index 3a54c7dd..5bb398aa 100644
--- a/i18n/pl/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/pl/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Search Engines"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Search Engines
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect pro
- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/pl/tools.md b/i18n/pl/tools.md
index 7e74facb..8171b7c9 100644
--- a/i18n/pl/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/pl/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/pt-BR/desktop-browsers.md
index 2be1a22d..ef2b7e99 100644
--- a/i18n/pt-BR/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/pt-BR/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "Navegadores de Internet que Respeitam a Privacidade para PC e Mac — Privacy Guides"
-title: "Navegadores Desktop"
+title: Navegadores Desktop
icon: material/laptop
description: Estes navegadores com foco em privacidade são o que recomendamos atualmente para a navegação normal/não anônima na Internet em computadores de uso doméstico.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -116,9 +116,9 @@ Isso é necessário para evitar formas avançadas de rastreamento, mas vem com o
### Mullvad Leta
-O Mullvad Browser vem com [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) como mecanismo de pesquisa padrão, funcionando como um proxy para os resultados do Google ou do Brave (configurável na página inicial do Mullvad Leta).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-Se você é usuário do Mullvad VPN, existe algum risco em usar serviços como o Mullvad Leta, que são oferecidos pelo próprio provedor de VPN. Isso ocorre porque, teoricamente, a Mullvad tem acesso ao seu endereço IP real (por meio da VPN) e à sua atividade de pesquisa (por meio do Leta), informações que uma VPN normalmente deveria manter separadas. Mesmo que a Mullvad colete pouquíssimas informações sobre seus assinantes de VPN ou usuários do Leta, você deve considerar um [mecanismo de pesquisa](search-engines.md) diferente se esse risco for uma preocupação para você.
+Se você é usuário do Mullvad VPN, existe algum risco em usar serviços como o Mullvad Leta, que são oferecidos pelo próprio provedor de VPN. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Mesmo que a Mullvad colete pouquíssimas informações sobre seus assinantes de VPN ou usuários do Leta, você deve considerar um [mecanismo de pesquisa](search-engines.md) diferente se esse risco for uma preocupação para você.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/search-engines.md b/i18n/pt-BR/search-engines.md
index 12d7ecb9..dd4c48f3 100644
--- a/i18n/pt-BR/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/pt-BR/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Motores de Pesquisa"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Motores de Pesquisa
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check: | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check: | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Página inicial](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check: | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check: | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Página inicial](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check: | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ Nosso critério de melhor caso representa o que gostaríamos de ver em um projet
- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md b/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md
index d270d758..8947908c 100644
--- a/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/pt-BR/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/pt/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/pt/desktop-browsers.md
index 77f5a683..dbaf31d0 100644
--- a/i18n/pt/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/pt/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "Web Browsers para PC e Mac que respeitam a privacidade - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Browsers para Desktop"
+title: Browsers para Desktop
icon: material/laptop
description: These privacy-protecting browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on desktop systems.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ Este procedimento serve para evitar formas avançadas de rastreio, mas sacrifica
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/pt/search-engines.md b/i18n/pt/search-engines.md
index 4a74970c..807a751b 100644
--- a/i18n/pt/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/pt/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Motores de Busca"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Motores de Busca
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [StartPage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [StartPage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. O índice está otimizado para emular a pesquisa Google e, por esse motivo, está em condições de fornecer resultados mais precisos em termos contextuais do que outras alternativas.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. No entanto, estas versões carecem de funcionalidades. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. É um fork de [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx) com atualizações regulares.
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ Os nossos melhores critérios representam o que gostaríamos de ver num projeto
- Deve basear-se em software de fonte aberta.
- Não deve bloquear os endereços IP dos nós de saída do Tor.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/pt/tools.md b/i18n/pt/tools.md
index d22157e5..854cccdd 100644
--- a/i18n/pt/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/pt/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/ru/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/ru/desktop-browsers.md
index 385f4ebe..054cc086 100644
--- a/i18n/ru/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/ru/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "Интернет браузеры, ориентированные на защиту конфиденциальности для ПК и Mac - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Браузеры для настольных компьютеров"
+title: Браузеры для настольных компьютеров
icon: material/laptop
description: В настоящее время мы рекомендуем эти браузеры с фокусом на защиту конфиденциальности для обычного использования на десктопах (ПК и Mac).
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ Mullvad Browser работает в постоянном режиме прива
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/ru/search-engines.md b/i18n/ru/search-engines.md
index bcc099c8..7b4a6a90 100644
--- a/i18n/ru/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/ru/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Поисковые системы"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Поисковые системы
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. Индекс оптимизирован под Google Search и поэтому может предоставлять более контекстно точные результаты по сравнению с другими альтернативами.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. Однако в этих версиях меньше функций. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. Это активно поддерживаемый форк [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ SearXNG — это прокси между пользователями и по
- Должны быть основаны на ПО с открытым исходным кодом.
- Не должны блокировать IP-адреса выходящих узлов Tor.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/ru/tools.md b/i18n/ru/tools.md
index 7cd70bf2..70b8b6a1 100644
--- a/i18n/ru/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/ru/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/sv/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/sv/desktop-browsers.md
index 2a2ada03..f4ed178a 100644
--- a/i18n/sv/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/sv/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "Privacy Respecting Web Browsers for PC and Mac - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Desktop Browsers"
+title: Desktop Browsers
icon: material/laptop
description: These privacy-protecting browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on desktop systems.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ This is required to prevent advanced forms of tracking, but does come at the cos
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/sv/search-engines.md b/i18n/sv/search-engines.md
index ba0ba2be..e222e4a3 100644
--- a/i18n/sv/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/sv/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Sökmotorer"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Sökmotorer
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ---------------------------- | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google och Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Nederländerna |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google och Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Nederländerna |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ Våra kriterier för bästa fall representerar vad vi skulle vilja se av det per
- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/sv/tools.md b/i18n/sv/tools.md
index dc1a6df6..8f28e890 100644
--- a/i18n/sv/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/sv/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/tr/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/tr/desktop-browsers.md
index 052c2b6e..75467796 100644
--- a/i18n/tr/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/tr/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "PC ve Mac için Mahremiyete Saygı Gösteren Web Tarayıcıları - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Masaüstü Tarayıcıları"
+title: Masaüstü Tarayıcıları
icon: material/laptop
description: These privacy-protecting browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on desktop systems.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ This is required to prevent advanced forms of tracking, but does come at the cos
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/tr/search-engines.md b/i18n/tr/search-engines.md
index df1e26b4..aa5cd3bf 100644
--- a/i18n/tr/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/tr/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Arama motorları"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Arama motorları
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ En iyi durum kriterlerimiz, bu kategorideki mükemmel bir projede görmek istedi
- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/tr/tools.md b/i18n/tr/tools.md
index b597e0a8..7314eecb 100644
--- a/i18n/tr/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/tr/tools.md
@@ -344,10 +344,11 @@ Diğerlerinin yanı sıra [Mullvad](https://mullvad.net/en/help/dns-over-https-a
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
-- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Başlangıç sayfası](search-engines.md#startpage)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/uk/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/uk/desktop-browsers.md
index b28f3de4..0fdcb083 100644
--- a/i18n/uk/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/uk/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "Privacy Respecting Web Browsers for PC and Mac - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Desktop Browsers"
+title: Desktop Browsers
icon: material/laptop
description: These privacy-protecting browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on desktop systems.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ This is required to prevent advanced forms of tracking, but does come at the cos
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/uk/search-engines.md b/i18n/uk/search-engines.md
index 06a32ef7..1ab16075 100644
--- a/i18n/uk/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/uk/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Search Engines"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Search Engines
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect pro
- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/uk/tools.md b/i18n/uk/tools.md
index c63b8989..70f1d506 100644
--- a/i18n/uk/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/uk/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/vi/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/vi/desktop-browsers.md
index f8d82043..788e2293 100644
--- a/i18n/vi/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/vi/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "Privacy Respecting Web Browsers for PC and Mac - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Desktop Browsers"
+title: Desktop Browsers
icon: material/laptop
description: These privacy-protecting browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on desktop systems.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ This is required to prevent advanced forms of tracking, but does come at the cos
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/vi/search-engines.md b/i18n/vi/search-engines.md
index e420b073..0c1b08a1 100644
--- a/i18n/vi/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/vi/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Search Engines"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Search Engines
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect pro
- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/vi/tools.md b/i18n/vi/tools.md
index 07b459b5..b64d59e3 100644
--- a/i18n/vi/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/vi/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop-browsers.md
index c75b374f..5015880e 100644
--- a/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "尊重隱私的 PC 和 Mac 網路瀏覽器 - Privacy Guides"
-title: "桌面瀏覽器"
+title: 桌面瀏覽器
icon: material/laptop
description: 我們目前推薦的這些隱私保護瀏覽器適合在電腦上進行標準/非匿名的網路瀏覽。
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ Mullvad 瀏覽器預設總是使用隱私瀏覽模式運行，這意味著您的
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad 瀏覽器隨附 [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) 作為預設搜尋引擎，可代理 Google 或 Brave 搜尋結果 (可在 Mullvad Leta 首頁設定)。
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-如果您是 Mullvad VPN 使用者，使用由 VPN 供應商自行提供的 Mullvad Leta 等服務會有一定風險。 這是因為理論上 Mullvad 可以存取您的真實 IP 位址 (透過他們的 VPN) 和您的搜尋活動 (透過 Leta)，而 VPN 通常是要分隔這些資訊。 儘管 Mullvad 收集其 VPN 訂戶或 Leta 使用者的資訊非常少，但如果您擔心此風險，則應考慮使用其他[搜尋引擎](search-engines.md)。
+如果您是 Mullvad VPN 使用者，使用由 VPN 供應商自行提供的 Mullvad Leta 等服務會有一定風險。 This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. 儘管 Mullvad 收集其 VPN 訂戶或 Leta 使用者的資訊非常少，但如果您擔心此風險，則應考慮使用其他[搜尋引擎](search-engines.md)。
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/search-engines.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/search-engines.md
index aec03984..203c0dba 100644
--- a/i18n/zh-Hant/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "推薦搜尋引擎：匿名的 Google 替代方案 - Privacy Guides"
-title: "搜尋引擎"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: 搜尋引擎
icon: material/search-web
-description: 尊重隱私的搜尋引擎，不會根據您的搜尋紀錄建立廣告檔案。
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -22,11 +22,12 @@ global:
如果您的威脅模型需要向搜尋供應商隱藏您的IP位址，請考慮使用 [VPN](vpn.md) 或 [Tor](tor.md) 。
-| 供應商 | 搜尋索引 | Tor 隱藏服務 | 記錄日誌 / 隱私權政策 | 營運國家 |
-| ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------ | ---- |
-| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [獨立的](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | 匿名化[^1] | 美國 |
-| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | 匿名化[^2] | 美國 |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google 與 Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | 匿名化[^3] | 荷蘭 |
+| 供應商 | 搜尋索引 | Tor 隱藏服務 | 記錄日誌 / 隱私權政策 | 營運國家 |
+| ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | -------------- | ------ |
+| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [獨立的](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | 匿名化[^1] | 美國 |
+| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | 美國 |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google 與 Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | 荷蘭 |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ global:
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** 由 Brave 開發的搜尋引擎。 該索引是針對 Google 搜索進行優化，因此與其他替代方案相比，可以提供更具上下文準確性的結果。
+**Brave Search** 由 Brave 開發的搜尋引擎。 It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search 包括獨特的功能，如[討論](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions)，突出了對話為中心的結果，如論壇文章。
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
-[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="洋蔥服務" }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=說明文件}
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-請注意，如果您在登入 Premium 帳戶時使用 Brave Search，可能會讓 Brave 更容易將查詢與特定使用者相關聯。
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
我們建議停用 [Anonymous usage metrics（匿名使用指標）](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) ，它預設為啟用，可在設定中停用。
@@ -59,15 +60,41 @@ Brave Search 包括獨特的功能，如[討論](https://search.brave.com/help/d
DuckDuckGo 是 [Tor瀏覽器](tor.md#tor-browser) 的預設搜尋引擎，也是 Apple 的 [Safari 瀏覽器](mobile-browsers.md#safari-ios) 上為數不多的可用選項之一。
-[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="洋蔥服務" }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=說明文件}
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo 提供 [另外](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) 兩種版本搜尋引擎，兩者皆不需要JavaScript。 然而，這些版本缺少特色。 這些版本也可以透過 Tor 洋蔥網址各自附加[ /lite ](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite)或[/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) 的版本。
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -77,10 +104,10 @@ DuckDuckGo 提供 [另外](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript)
**Startpage** 私密搜索引擎。 Startpage 的獨特功能之一是 [匿名視圖](https://startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/) ，它努力標準化用戶活動，使其更難被突出識別。 這個功能可用來隱藏 [某些](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) 網路與瀏覽器特徵。 不像其名字所示，它並不會使您匿名。 如果您正在尋找匿名性，請改用 [Tor瀏覽器](tor.md#tor-browser)。
-[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="洋蔥服務" }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=說明文件}
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ Startpage 先前限制了 VPN 和[Tor](tor.md) 用戶，但他們最近創建[
**SearXNG** 是開源、可自架的元搜尋引擎。 它是一個積極維護的 [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx) 分支。
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ SearXNG 是您和它所聚合的搜尋引擎之間的代理。 您的搜尋查
- 應該以開源軟體為基礎。
- 不應該封鎖 Tor退出節點的 IP位址。
-[^1]: Brave Search 收集匯總的使用指標，其中包括作業系統和使用者代理程式。 不過他們並未收集 PII。 為提供[匿名本地結果（anonymous local results）](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results)，IP 位址會被暫時處理，但不會保留。 [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **會為產品改進目的記錄** 搜索，但不會記錄您的 IP 位址或任何其他 PII。 [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage 記錄詳細信息，例如作業系統、用戶代理和語言。 他們不會記錄 IP 位址、搜尋查詢或其他 PII。 [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search 收集匯總的使用指標，其中包括作業系統和使用者代理程式。 不過他們並未收集 PII。 為提供[匿名本地結果（anonymous local results）](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results)，IP 位址會被暫時處理，但不會保留。
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. 他們不會記錄 IP 位址、搜尋查詢或其他 PII。
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md b/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md
index 205a1415..c321bff5 100644
--- a/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/zh-Hant/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ description: Privacy Guides 社群所推薦的隱私工具、服務、軟體及
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/zh-TW/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/zh-TW/desktop-browsers.md
index 8f67cd1a..b9f85e2e 100644
--- a/i18n/zh-TW/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/zh-TW/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "尊重隱私的 PC 和 Mac 網路瀏覽器 - Privacy Guides"
-title: "桌面瀏覽器"
+title: 桌面瀏覽器
icon: material/laptop
description: 我們目前推薦的這些隱私保護瀏覽器適合在電腦上進行標準/非匿名的網路瀏覽。
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ Mullvad 瀏覽器預設總是使用隱私瀏覽模式運行，這意味著您的
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad 瀏覽器隨附 [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) 作為預設搜尋引擎，可代理 Google 或 Brave 搜尋結果 (可在 Mullvad Leta 首頁設定)。
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-如果您是 Mullvad VPN 使用者，使用由 VPN 供應商自行提供的 Mullvad Leta 等服務會有一定風險。 這是因為理論上 Mullvad 可以存取您的真實 IP 位址 (透過他們的 VPN) 和您的搜尋活動 (透過 Leta)，而 VPN 通常是要分隔這些資訊。 儘管 Mullvad 收集其 VPN 訂戶或 Leta 使用者的資訊非常少，但如果您擔心此風險，則應考慮使用其他[搜尋引擎](search-engines.md)。
+如果您是 Mullvad VPN 使用者，使用由 VPN 供應商自行提供的 Mullvad Leta 等服務會有一定風險。 This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. 儘管 Mullvad 收集其 VPN 訂戶或 Leta 使用者的資訊非常少，但如果您擔心此風險，則應考慮使用其他[搜尋引擎](search-engines.md)。
## Firefox
diff --git a/i18n/zh-TW/search-engines.md b/i18n/zh-TW/search-engines.md
index aec03984..203c0dba 100644
--- a/i18n/zh-TW/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/zh-TW/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "推薦搜尋引擎：匿名的 Google 替代方案 - Privacy Guides"
-title: "搜尋引擎"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: 搜尋引擎
icon: material/search-web
-description: 尊重隱私的搜尋引擎，不會根據您的搜尋紀錄建立廣告檔案。
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -22,11 +22,12 @@ global:
如果您的威脅模型需要向搜尋供應商隱藏您的IP位址，請考慮使用 [VPN](vpn.md) 或 [Tor](tor.md) 。
-| 供應商 | 搜尋索引 | Tor 隱藏服務 | 記錄日誌 / 隱私權政策 | 營運國家 |
-| ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------ | ---- |
-| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [獨立的](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | 匿名化[^1] | 美國 |
-| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | 匿名化[^2] | 美國 |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google 與 Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | 匿名化[^3] | 荷蘭 |
+| 供應商 | 搜尋索引 | Tor 隱藏服務 | 記錄日誌 / 隱私權政策 | 營運國家 |
+| ----------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | -------------- | ------ |
+| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [獨立的](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | 匿名化[^1] | 美國 |
+| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | 美國 |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google 與 Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | 荷蘭 |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ global:
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** 由 Brave 開發的搜尋引擎。 該索引是針對 Google 搜索進行優化，因此與其他替代方案相比，可以提供更具上下文準確性的結果。
+**Brave Search** 由 Brave 開發的搜尋引擎。 It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search 包括獨特的功能，如[討論](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions)，突出了對話為中心的結果，如論壇文章。
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
-[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="洋蔥服務" }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=說明文件}
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-請注意，如果您在登入 Premium 帳戶時使用 Brave Search，可能會讓 Brave 更容易將查詢與特定使用者相關聯。
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
我們建議停用 [Anonymous usage metrics（匿名使用指標）](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) ，它預設為啟用，可在設定中停用。
@@ -59,15 +60,41 @@ Brave Search 包括獨特的功能，如[討論](https://search.brave.com/help/d
DuckDuckGo 是 [Tor瀏覽器](tor.md#tor-browser) 的預設搜尋引擎，也是 Apple 的 [Safari 瀏覽器](mobile-browsers.md#safari-ios) 上為數不多的可用選項之一。
-[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="洋蔥服務" }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=說明文件}
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo 提供 [另外](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) 兩種版本搜尋引擎，兩者皆不需要JavaScript。 然而，這些版本缺少特色。 這些版本也可以透過 Tor 洋蔥網址各自附加[ /lite ](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite)或[/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) 的版本。
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -77,10 +104,10 @@ DuckDuckGo 提供 [另外](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript)
**Startpage** 私密搜索引擎。 Startpage 的獨特功能之一是 [匿名視圖](https://startpage.com/en/anonymous-view/) ，它努力標準化用戶活動，使其更難被突出識別。 這個功能可用來隱藏 [某些](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) 網路與瀏覽器特徵。 不像其名字所示，它並不會使您匿名。 如果您正在尋找匿名性，請改用 [Tor瀏覽器](tor.md#tor-browser)。
-[:octicons-home-16: 首頁](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="洋蔥服務" }
-[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="隱私權政策" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=說明文件}
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ Startpage 先前限制了 VPN 和[Tor](tor.md) 用戶，但他們最近創建[
**SearXNG** 是開源、可自架的元搜尋引擎。 它是一個積極維護的 [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx) 分支。
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ SearXNG 是您和它所聚合的搜尋引擎之間的代理。 您的搜尋查
- 應該以開源軟體為基礎。
- 不應該封鎖 Tor退出節點的 IP位址。
-[^1]: Brave Search 收集匯總的使用指標，其中包括作業系統和使用者代理程式。 不過他們並未收集 PII。 為提供[匿名本地結果（anonymous local results）](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results)，IP 位址會被暫時處理，但不會保留。 [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **會為產品改進目的記錄** 搜索，但不會記錄您的 IP 位址或任何其他 PII。 [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage 記錄詳細信息，例如作業系統、用戶代理和語言。 他們不會記錄 IP 位址、搜尋查詢或其他 PII。 [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search 收集匯總的使用指標，其中包括作業系統和使用者代理程式。 不過他們並未收集 PII。 為提供[匿名本地結果（anonymous local results）](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results)，IP 位址會被暫時處理，但不會保留。
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. 他們不會記錄 IP 位址、搜尋查詢或其他 PII。
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/zh-TW/tools.md b/i18n/zh-TW/tools.md
index 205a1415..c321bff5 100644
--- a/i18n/zh-TW/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/zh-TW/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ description: Privacy Guides 社群所推薦的隱私工具、服務、軟體及
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)
diff --git a/i18n/zh/desktop-browsers.md b/i18n/zh/desktop-browsers.md
index ac239af7..0aba5a1f 100644
--- a/i18n/zh/desktop-browsers.md
+++ b/i18n/zh/desktop-browsers.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
---
meta_title: "尊重隐私的 PC 和 Mac 网络浏览器 - Privacy Guides"
-title: "电脑浏览器"
+title: 电脑浏览器
icon: material/laptop
description: These privacy-protecting browsers are what we currently recommend for standard/non-anonymous internet browsing on desktop systems.
cover: desktop-browsers.webp
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ Mullvad 浏览器一直在无痕浏览模式下运行，这意味着每次关闭
### Mullvad Leta
-Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](https://leta.mullvad.net) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
+Mullvad Browser comes with [**Mullvad Leta**](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta) as the default search engine, which functions as a proxy to either Google or Brave search results (configurable on the Mullvad Leta homepage).
-If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta), which is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
+If you are a Mullvad VPN user, there is some risk in using services like Mullvad Leta which are offered by your VPN provider themselves. This is because Mullvad theoretically has access to your true IP address (via their VPN) and your search activity (via Leta); the latter is information a VPN is typically intended to separate. Even though Mullvad collects very little information about their VPN subscribers or Leta users, you should consider a different [search engine](search-engines.md) if this risk concerns you.
## Firefox（火狐浏览器）
diff --git a/i18n/zh/search-engines.md b/i18n/zh/search-engines.md
index 940bd36a..377068b9 100644
--- a/i18n/zh/search-engines.md
+++ b/i18n/zh/search-engines.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
---
-meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Google Alternatives - Privacy Guides"
-title: "Search Engines"
+meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
+title: Search Engines
icon: material/search-web
-description: Privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
+description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
-
@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1] | United States |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo) | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2] | United States |
-| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Netherlands |
+| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3] | Sweden |
+| [Startpage](#startpage) | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4] | Netherlands |
### Brave Search
@@ -34,18 +35,18 @@ Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hi
{ align=right }
-**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. The index is optimized against Google Search and therefore may provide more contextually accurate results compared to other alternatives.
+**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
-Brave Search includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.
+Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
-Note that if you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, it may make it easier for Brave to correlate queries with specific users.
+If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.
We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.
@@ -62,12 +63,38 @@ DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.
+### Mullvad Leta
+
+
+
+{ align=right }
+
+**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.
+
+Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).
+
+[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
+[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
+[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
+
+
+
+
+
Tip
+
+Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.
+
+
@@ -80,7 +107,7 @@ DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
-[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title=Documentation}
+[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }
@@ -101,7 +128,7 @@ A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregate
**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).
[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
-[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances"}
+[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }
@@ -128,6 +155,12 @@ Our best-case criteria represents what we would like to see from the perfect pro
- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.
-[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained. [https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy)
-[^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII. [https://duckduckgo.com/privacy](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy)
-[^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII. [https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy)
+[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.
+
+ Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.
+
+ DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.
+
+ Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.
+
+ Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
diff --git a/i18n/zh/tools.md b/i18n/zh/tools.md
index d3a85659..5ff1069b 100644
--- a/i18n/zh/tools.md
+++ b/i18n/zh/tools.md
@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ We [recommend](dns.md#recommended-providers) a number of encrypted DNS servers b
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Brave Search](search-engines.md#brave-search)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [DuckDuckGo](search-engines.md#duckduckgo)
+- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [Mullvad Leta](search-engines.md#mullvad-leta)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy } [SearXNG](search-engines.md#searxng)
- { .twemoji loading=lazy }{ .twemoji loading=lazy } [Startpage](search-engines.md#startpage)