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New Crowdin translations by GitHub Action

This commit is contained in:
Crowdin Bot
2023-05-23 04:04:35 +00:00
parent e9481a1e8e
commit 0b548a09b9
32 changed files with 76 additions and 132 deletions

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@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ meta:
content: "noindex, nofollow" content: "noindex, nofollow"
--- ---
# 404 - تَعَذَّرَ العُثُور # 404 - غير موجود
يتعذَّر العثور على الصفحة التي تبحث عنها! هل مقصدُك إحدى الصفحات التالية؟ لم نجد الصفحة التي تبحث عنها! لعلَك كنت تبحث عن إحدى هذه الصفحات؟
- [مُقدِّمة إلى نمذَجَة التَّهديد](basics/threat-modeling.md) - [مقدمة إلى نمذجة التهديد](basics/threat-modeling.md)
- [خوادِم DNS المُوصَّى بها](dns.md) - [خوادِم DNS المُوصَّى بها](dns.md)
- [أفضل متصفحات الويب للحاسب المكتبي](desktop-browsers.md) - [أفضل متصفحات الويب للحاسب المكتبي](desktop-browsers.md)
- [أفضَل مزودي VPN](vpn.md) - [أفضَل مزودي VPN](vpn.md)

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@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
--- ---
meta_title: "Privacy Respecting Web Browsers for PC and Mac - Privacy Guides" meta_title: "متصفحات ويب تحترم الخصوصية للحاسوب الشخصي والماك - Privacy Guides"
title: "Desktop Browsers" title: "متصفحات الحاسوب المكتبي"
icon: material/laptop icon: material/laptop
description: These web browsers provide stronger privacy protections than Google Chrome. description: متصفحات الويب هذه تقدم حماية أكبر للخصوصية من Google Chrome.
cover: desktop-browsers.png cover: desktop-browsers.png
schema: schema:
- -
@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Deaktiviere die integrierten Erweiterungen, die du nicht verwendest, unter **Erw
Die Web3-Funktionen von Brave können deinen Browser-Fingerabdruck und deine Angriffsfläche potenziell vergrößern. Wenn du keine der Funktionen verwendest, sollten sie deaktiviert werden. Die Web3-Funktionen von Brave können deinen Browser-Fingerabdruck und deine Angriffsfläche potenziell vergrößern. Wenn du keine der Funktionen verwendest, sollten sie deaktiviert werden.
- [ ] **Standard Ethereum Wallet** auf **Keine** setzen Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] **Standard-Solana-Wallet** auf **Keine** setzen
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Desactiva las extensiones integradas que no utilice en **Extensiones**
Las funciones Web3 de Brave pueden aumentar potencialmente la huella digital de tu navegador y la superficie de ataque. A menos que utilices alguna de las funciones, deberían estar desactivadas. Las funciones Web3 de Brave pueden aumentar potencialmente la huella digital de tu navegador y la superficie de ataque. A menos que utilices alguna de las funciones, deberían estar desactivadas.
- [ ] Establece **Cartera predeterminada de Ethereum** como **Ninguno** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Establece **Cartera predeterminada de Solana** como **Ninguno**
- [ ] Establece **Método para resolver los recursos IPFS** como **Deshabilitado**
##### Sistema ##### Sistema

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -282,9 +282,7 @@ Désactivez les extensions intégrées que vous n'utilisez pas dans **Extensions
Les fonctionnalités Web3 de Brave peuvent potentiellement ajouter à l'empreinte numérique de votre navigateur et à la surface d'attaque. À moins que vous n'utilisiez l'une ou l'autre de ces fonctions, elles devraient être désactivées. Les fonctionnalités Web3 de Brave peuvent potentiellement ajouter à l'empreinte numérique de votre navigateur et à la surface d'attaque. À moins que vous n'utilisiez l'une ou l'autre de ces fonctions, elles devraient être désactivées.
- [ ] Définir **Portefeuille Ethereum par défaut** à **Aucun** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Définir **Portefeuille Solana par défaut** à **Aucun**
- [ ] Définir **Méthode de résolution des ressources IPFS** sur **Désactivé**
##### Système ##### Système

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@ -282,9 +282,7 @@ Brave כולל כמה אמצעים נגד טביעת אצבע בתכונת [Shie
תכונות ה-Web3 של Brave עשויות להוסיף לטביעת האצבע של הדפדפן ולשטח ההתקפה שלך. אלא אם אתה משתמש באחת מהתכונות, יש להשבית אותן. תכונות ה-Web3 של Brave עשויות להוסיף לטביעת האצבע של הדפדפן ולשטח ההתקפה שלך. אלא אם אתה משתמש באחת מהתכונות, יש להשבית אותן.
- [ ] הגדר את **ברירת המחדל של ארנק Ethereum** ל**לא** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] הגדר את **ברירת המחדל של ארנק Solana** ל**לא**
- [ ] הגדר **שיטה כדי לפתור משאבי IPFS ** to **">מושבת**
##### מערכת ##### מערכת

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disabilita le estensioni integrate che non utilizzi in **Estensioni**
Le funzionalità Web3 di Brave possono potenzialmente aumentare il fingerprint del browser e la superficie di attacco. Disattiva le funzioni, a meno che tu non le utilizzi. Le funzionalità Web3 di Brave possono potenzialmente aumentare il fingerprint del browser e la superficie di attacco. Disattiva le funzioni, a meno che tu non le utilizzi.
- [ ] Imposta **Portafoglio Ethereum predefinito** a **Nessuno** Imposta **Wallet Ethereum predefinito** su **Estensioni (nessun backup)** Imposta **Wallet Solana predefinito** su **Estensioni (nessun backup)** Imposta **Metodo per risolvere le risorse IPFS** su **Disabilitato**
- [ ] Imposta **Portafoglio Solana predefinito** a **Nessuno**
- [ ] Imposta **Metodo per risolvere le risorse IPFS ** su **Disabilitato**
##### Sistema ##### Sistema

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -4,52 +4,52 @@ icon: 'material/transit-connection-variant'
description: An overview of several network architectures commonly used by instant messaging applications. description: An overview of several network architectures commonly used by instant messaging applications.
--- ---
There are several network architectures commonly used to relay messages between people. These networks can provide different privacy guarantees, which is why it's worth considering your [threat model](../basics/threat-modeling.md) when deciding which app to use. 사람들 간에 메시지를 전달할 때 일반적으로 쓰이는 네트워크의 구조는 여러 유형이 있습니다. 네트워크 유형마다 프라이버시 면에서 각각 다른 장단점이 존재하므로, 어떤 유형의 애플리케이션을 사용할지는 여러분의 [위협 모델](../basics/threat-modeling.md)을 고려하여 결정하는 것이 좋습니다.
[권장 인스턴트 메신저](../real-time-communication.md ""){.md-button} [권장 인스턴트 메신저](../real-time-communication.md ""){.md-button}
## Centralized Networks ## 중앙 집중형 네트워크
![Centralized networks diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-centralized.svg){ align=left } ![Centralized networks diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-centralized.svg){ align=left }
Centralized messengers are those where all participants are on the same server or network of servers controlled by the same organization. 중앙 집중형(Centralized) 메신저는 모든 참가자가 하나의 서버 혹은 하나의 단체가 관리하는 서버 네트워크를 이용합니다.
Some self-hosted messengers allow you to set up your own server. Self-hosting can provide additional privacy guarantees, such as no usage logs or limited access to metadata (data about who is talking to whom). Self-hosted centralized messengers are isolated and everyone must be on the same server to communicate. 일부 자체 호스팅 지원 메신저에서는 직접 서버를 설정할 수 있는 경우도 있습니다. 자체 호스팅을 하는 경우에는 메타데이터(누가 누구와 대화하는지에 대한 데이터) 접근 제한이나 사용 기록을 저장하지 않는 등 추가적인 프라이버시 이점을 얻는 것이 가능하다는 장점이 있습니다. 자체 호스팅 중앙 집중형 메신저는 고립되어 있으며, 모든 사람은 서로 통신하려면 동일한 서버에 있어야 합니다.
**Advantages:** **장점:**
- New features and changes can be implemented more quickly. - 새로운 기능이나 수정 사항이 더 빠르게 구현될 수 있습니다.
- Easier to get started with and to find contacts. - 사용하기 쉽고 연락처를 찾기도 쉽습니다.
- Most mature and stable features ecosystems, as they are easier to program in a centralized software. - 중앙 집중형 소프트웨어는 프로그래밍하기 더 쉽기 때문에, 가장 성숙하고 안정적인 기능 생태계를 갖추고 있습니다.
- Privacy issues may be reduced when you trust a server that you're self-hosting. - 신뢰할 수 있는 자체 호스팅 서버가 있다면, 프라이버시 문제는 완화할 수 있습니다.
**Disadvantages:** **단점:**
- Can include [restricted control or access](https://drewdevault.com/2018/08/08/Signal.html). This can include things like: - [접근이나 제어가 제한적](https://drewdevault.com/2018/08/08/Signal.html)일 수 있습니다. 예시는 다음과 같습니다:
- Being [forbidden from connecting third-party clients](https://github.com/LibreSignal/LibreSignal/issues/37#issuecomment-217211165) to the centralized network that might provide for greater customization or a better experience. Often defined in Terms and Conditions of usage. - 더 자유로운 커스텀이나 더 나은 사용 경험을 제공 가능한 제3자 클라이언트를 중앙 집중형 네트워크에 연결하는 것이 [금지됩니다](https://github.com/LibreSignal/LibreSignal/issues/37#issuecomment-217211165). 이는 이용 약관에 정의되어 있는 경우가 많습니다.
- Poor or no documentation for third-party developers. - 외부 개발자를 위한 문서가 부실하거나 아예 없습니다.
- The [ownership](https://web.archive.org/web/20210729191953/https://blog.privacytools.io/delisting-wire/), privacy policy, and operations of the service can change easily when a single entity controls it, potentially compromising the service later on. - 단일 주체가 서비스를 통제하는 경우, 서비스의 [소유권](https://web.archive.org/web/20210729191953/https://blog.privacytools.io/delisting-wire/), 프라이버시 정책, 운영이 쉽게 뒤바뀔 수 있으며, 훗날에 서비스가 손상될 가능성이 존재합니다.
- Self-hosting requires effort and knowledge of how to set up a service. - 자체 호스팅을 하기 위해서는 서비스 구축에 대한 노력과 지식이 필요합니다.
## Federated Networks ## 연합형 네트워크
![Federated networks diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-decentralized.svg){ align=left } ![Federated networks diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-decentralized.svg){ align=left }
Federated messengers use multiple, independent, decentralized servers that are able to talk to each other (email is one example of a federated service). Federation allows system administrators to control their own server and still be a part of the larger communications network. 연합형(Federated) 메신저는 서로 간에 대화할 수 있는 여러 개의 독립적이고 분산된 서버를 이용합니다(이메일이 연합형 메신저의 대표적인 예시입니다). Federation allows system administrators to control their own server and still be a part of the larger communications network.
When self-hosted, members of a federated server can discover and communicate with members of other servers, although some servers may choose to remain private by being non-federated (e.g., work team server). When self-hosted, members of a federated server can discover and communicate with members of other servers, although some servers may choose to remain private by being non-federated (e.g., work team server).
**Advantages:** **장점:**
- Allows for greater control over your own data when running your own server. - 자체 서버를 운영하는 경우 자신의 데이터에 대한 통제력이 향상됩니다.
- Allows you to choose whom to trust your data with by choosing between multiple "public" servers. - 여러 '공개' 서버 중 원하는 서버를 고르는 것으로 데이터 신뢰 대상을 취사선택 가능합니다.
- Often allows for third-party clients which can provide a more native, customized, or accessible experience. - 네이티브, 커스텀, 사용 경험 면에서 더 뛰어난 제3자 클라이언트를 사용할 수 있도록 허용하는 경우가 많습니다.
- Server software can be verified that it matches public source code, assuming you have access to the server or you trust the person who does (e.g., a family member). - 서버에 직접 접근 가능하거나, 접근 가능한 사람을 신뢰(권한을 가진 사람 중 한명이 자신의 가족인 경우 등)하는 경우 실제 서버 소프트웨어가 공개된 소스 코드와 일치하는지 검증할 수 있습니다.
**Disadvantages:** **단점:**
- Adding new features is more complex because these features need to be standardized and tested to ensure they work with all servers on the network. - 어떤 새로운 기능이 추가되려면 해당 기능이 네트워크상의 모든 서버에서 작동해야 합니다. 즉, 기능의 표준화와 테스트를 거쳐야 하므로 새로운 기능의 추가는 쉽지 않습니다.
- Due to the previous point, features can be lacking, or incomplete or working in unexpected ways compared to centralized platforms, such as message relay when offline or message deletion. - 앞선 이유와 마찬가지로, 메시지 삭제나 오프라인 상태에서의 메시지 전달 등의 기능이 중앙 집중형 플랫폼에 비해 부족하거나, 불완전하거나, 예상치 못한 방식으로 작동할 수 있습니다.
- Some metadata may be available (e.g., information like "who is talking to whom," but not actual message content if E2EE is used). - Some metadata may be available (e.g., information like "who is talking to whom," but not actual message content if E2EE is used).
- Federated servers generally require trusting your server's administrator. They may be a hobbyist or otherwise not a "security professional," and may not serve standard documents like a privacy policy or terms of service detailing how your data is used. - Federated servers generally require trusting your server's administrator. They may be a hobbyist or otherwise not a "security professional," and may not serve standard documents like a privacy policy or terms of service detailing how your data is used.
- Server administrators sometimes choose to block other servers, which are a source of unmoderated abuse or break general rules of accepted behavior. This will hinder your ability to communicate with members of those servers. - Server administrators sometimes choose to block other servers, which are a source of unmoderated abuse or break general rules of accepted behavior. This will hinder your ability to communicate with members of those servers.
@ -58,13 +58,13 @@ When self-hosted, members of a federated server can discover and communicate wit
![P2P diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-distributed.svg){ align=left } ![P2P diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-distributed.svg){ align=left }
P2P messengers connect to a [distributed network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_networking) of nodes to relay a message to the recipient without a third-party server. P2P 메신저는 [분산형(Distributed) 네트워크](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_networking)에 노드로서 연결되어 제3자 서버 없이 수신자에게 메시지를 전달합니다.
Clients (peers) usually find each other through the use of a [distributed computing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_computing) network. Examples of this include [Distributed Hash Tables](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_hash_table) (DHT), used by [torrents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BitTorrent_(protocol)) and [IPFS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InterPlanetary_File_System) for example. Another approach is proximity based networks, where a connection is established over WiFi or Bluetooth (for example, Briar or the [Scuttlebutt](https://www.scuttlebutt.nz) social network protocol). 클라이언트(피어)는 일반적으로 [분산 컴퓨팅](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_computing) 네트워크를 이용해 서로를 찾아냅니다. 예시로는 [토렌트](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%ED%8A%B8%ED%86%A0%EB%A0%8C%ED%8A%B8), [IPFS](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/InterPlanetary_File_System)에서 사용하는 [분산 해시 테이블](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EC%82%B0_%ED%95%B4%EC%8B%9C_%ED%85%8C%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%94)(DHT)이 있습니다. Another approach is proximity based networks, where a connection is established over WiFi or Bluetooth (for example, Briar or the [Scuttlebutt](https://www.scuttlebutt.nz) social network protocol).
Once a peer has found a route to its contact via any of these methods, a direct connection between them is made. Although messages are usually encrypted, an observer can still deduce the location and identity of the sender and recipient. 피어가 이러한 방법을 통해 연락 상대로 연결되는 경로를 찾아내면 서로 직접 연결이 이루어집니다. Although messages are usually encrypted, an observer can still deduce the location and identity of the sender and recipient.
P2P networks do not use servers, as peers communicate directly between each other and hence cannot be self-hosted. However, some additional services may rely on centralized servers, such as user discovery or relaying offline messages, which can benefit from self-hosting. P2P 네트워크는 피어가 서로 직접 통신하므로 서버를 사용하지 않고, 따라서 자체 호스팅은 불가능합니다. 하지만 사용자 검색, 오프라인 메시지 전달 등 일부 추가 서비스는 중앙 집중형 서버에 의존하는 경우도 있으며, 이러한 서비스는 자체 호스팅의 이점이 존재합니다.
**장점:** **장점:**
@ -74,12 +74,12 @@ P2P networks do not use servers, as peers communicate directly between each othe
**단점:** **단점:**
- Reduced feature set: - Reduced feature set:
- Messages can only be sent when both peers are online, however, your client may store messages locally to wait for the contact to return online. - 메시지를 주고받으려면 대화 발신자/수신자가 모두 온라인 상태여야 합니다. 단, 이 문제는 클라이언트에 따라 상대방이 온라인 상태가 될 때까지 메시지를 로컬에 저장한 채로 기다렸다가 전송하는 등의 방식을 이용해 어느 정도 완화하기도 합니다.
- Generally increases battery usage on mobile devices, because the client must stay connected to the distributed network to learn about who is online. - Generally increases battery usage on mobile devices, because the client must stay connected to the distributed network to learn about who is online.
- Some common messenger features may not be implemented or incompletely, such as message deletion. - Some common messenger features may not be implemented or incompletely, such as message deletion.
- Your IP address and that of the contacts you're communicating with may be exposed if you do not use the software in conjunction with a [VPN](../vpn.md) or [Tor](../tor.md). Many countries have some form of mass surveillance and/or metadata retention. - Your IP address and that of the contacts you're communicating with may be exposed if you do not use the software in conjunction with a [VPN](../vpn.md) or [Tor](../tor.md). Many countries have some form of mass surveillance and/or metadata retention.
## Anonymous Routing ## 익명 라우팅
![Anonymous routing diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-anonymous-routing.svg){ align=left } ![Anonymous routing diagram](../assets/img/layout/network-anonymous-routing.svg){ align=left }
@ -89,12 +89,12 @@ There are [many](https://doi.org/10.1145/3182658) different ways to implement an
Self-hosting a node in an anonymous routing network does not provide the hoster with additional privacy benefits, but rather contributes to the whole network's resilience against identification attacks for everyone's benefit. Self-hosting a node in an anonymous routing network does not provide the hoster with additional privacy benefits, but rather contributes to the whole network's resilience against identification attacks for everyone's benefit.
**Advantages:** **장점:**
- Minimal to no information is exposed to other parties. - Minimal to no information is exposed to other parties.
- Messages can be relayed in a decentralized manner even if one of the parties is offline. - Messages can be relayed in a decentralized manner even if one of the parties is offline.
**Disadvantages:** **단점:**
- Slow message propagation. - Slow message propagation.
- Often limited to fewer media types, mostly text, since the network is slow. - Often limited to fewer media types, mostly text, since the network is slow.

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Brave 브라우저의 [보호](https://support.brave.com/hc/en-us/articles/36002
Brave의 Web3 기능은 잠재적으로 브라우저의 핑거프린트와 공격 표면을 증가시킬 수 있습니다. 여러분이 해당 기능을 사용하지 않는다면 비활성화해야 합니다. Brave의 Web3 기능은 잠재적으로 브라우저의 핑거프린트와 공격 표면을 증가시킬 수 있습니다. 여러분이 해당 기능을 사용하지 않는다면 비활성화해야 합니다.
- [ ] **기본 이더리움 월렛**을 **없음**으로 설정 Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] **기본 Solana 월렛**을 **없음**으로 설정
- [ ] **IPFS 리소스 리졸빙에 사용하는 방법**을 **사용 중지**로 설정
##### 시스템 ##### 시스템

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ icon: simple/android
description: Android는 강력한 보안 및 보호 기능을 갖춘 오픈 소스 운영 체제로, 휴대폰에 있어서 최고의 선택입니다. description: Android는 강력한 보안 및 보호 기능을 갖춘 오픈 소스 운영 체제로, 휴대폰에 있어서 최고의 선택입니다.
--- ---
Android is a secure operating system that has strong [app sandboxing](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox), [Verified Boot](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot) (AVB), and a robust [permission](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview) control system. Android는 강력한 [애플리케이션 샌드박스](https://source.android.com/security/app-sandbox), [자체 검사 부팅](https://source.android.com/security/verifiedboot)(AVB) 기능과 엄밀한 [권한](https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview) 제어 시스템을 갖춘 안전한 운영 체제입니다.
## Choosing an Android Distribution ## Choosing an Android Distribution

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Ingebouwde extensies die je niet gebruikt uitschakelen in **Extensies**
De Web3-functies van Brave kunnen de vingerafdruk van jouw browser en het aanvalsoppervlak vergroten. Tenzij je een van de functies gebruikt, moeten ze worden uitgeschakeld. De Web3-functies van Brave kunnen de vingerafdruk van jouw browser en het aanvalsoppervlak vergroten. Tenzij je een van de functies gebruikt, moeten ze worden uitgeschakeld.
- [ ] Set **Standaard Ethereum Wallet** tot **Geen** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Standaard Solana Wallet** tot **Geen**
- [ ] Schakel **methode in om IPFS-bronnen op te lossen** uit
##### Systeem ##### Systeem

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Desative as extensões internas que você não usa em **Extensões**
As funcionalidades Web3 do Brave podem potencialmente acrescentar à impressão digital do seu navegador e a superfície de ataque. A menos que utilize alguma destas funcionalidades, elas devem estar desativadas. As funcionalidades Web3 do Brave podem potencialmente acrescentar à impressão digital do seu navegador e a superfície de ataque. A menos que utilize alguma destas funcionalidades, elas devem estar desativadas.
- [ ] Defina **Carteira Ethereum padrão** para **Nenhum** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Defina **Carteira Solana Padrão** para **Nenhum**
- [ ] Defina **Método para resolver recursos de IPFS** como **Desativado**
##### Sistema ##### Sistema

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@ -284,9 +284,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Brave содержит несколько инструментов защиты
Функции Web3 в Brave потенциально могут увеличить цифровой отпечаток твоего браузера и площадь атаки. Если ты не используешь эти функции, их следует отключить. Функции Web3 в Brave потенциально могут увеличить цифровой отпечаток твоего браузера и площадь атаки. Если ты не используешь эти функции, их следует отключить.
- [ ] Установи **Кошелек Ethereum по умолчанию** как **Отключено** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Установи **Кошелек Solana по умолчанию** как **Отключено**
- [ ] В **Метод преобразования IPFS-ресурсов** выбери **Отключено**
##### Система ##### Система

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@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ cover: vpn.png
![IVPN logo](assets/img/vpn/ivpn.svg){ align=right } ![IVPN logo](assets/img/vpn/ivpn.svg){ align=right }
**IVPN** is another premium VPN provider, and they have been in operation since 2009. Выбор VPN-провайдера с ближайшим к вам сервером позволит снизить задержку передаваемого вами сетевого трафика. **IVPN** - еще один платный VPN провайдер, работающий с 2009 года. Выбор VPN-провайдера с ближайшим к вам сервером позволит снизить задержку передаваемого вами сетевого трафика.
Это происходит из-за более короткого маршрута (меньше промежуточных серверов) до пункта назначения. downloads Это происходит из-за более короткого маршрута (меньше промежуточных серверов) до пункта назначения. downloads
@ -56,11 +56,11 @@ cover: vpn.png
1. Последняя проверка: 2022-09-16 1. Последняя проверка: 2022-09-16
We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server). Мы также считаем, что для безопасности закрытых ключей VPN-провайдера лучше чтобы провайдер использовал [выделенные сервера](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), вместо более дешевых разделяемых решений (делимых с другими клиентами), такие, как [виртуальные частные сервера](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Independently Audited #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Независимый аудит
IVPN has undergone a [no-logging audit from Cure53](https://cure53.de/audit-report_ivpn.pdf) which concluded in agreement with IVPN's no-logging claim. IVPN has also completed a [comprehensive pentest report Cure53](https://cure53.de/summary-report_ivpn_2019.pdf) in January 2020. IVPN has also said they plan to have [annual reports](https://www.ivpn.net/blog/independent-security-audit-concluded) in the future. A further review was conducted [in April 2022](https://www.ivpn.net/blog/ivpn-apps-security-audit-2022-concluded/) and was produced by Cure53 [on their website](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_IVPN_2022.pdf). IVPN прошла [безучётный аудит от Cure53](https://cure53.de/audit-report_ivpn.pdf), который подтвердил заявление IVPN о безучёте. IVPN также подготовила [отчет о комплексном пентесте Cure53](https://cure53.de/summary-report_ivpn_2019.pdf) в январе 2020 года. IVPN также заявила, что в будущем планирует составлять [годовые отчеты](https://www.ivpn.net/blog/independent-security-audit-concluded). Дальнейшее рассмотрение было проведено [в апреле 2022](https://www.ivpn.net/blog/ivpn-apps-security-audit-2022-concluded/) и было подготовлено Cure53 [на их вебсайте](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_IVPN_2022.pdf).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Open-Source Clients #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Open-Source Clients
@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ Mullvad has [servers in 41 countries](https://mullvad.net/servers/).(1) Picking
1. Last checked: 2023-01-19 1. Last checked: 2023-01-19
We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server). Мы также считаем, что для безопасности закрытых ключей VPN-провайдера лучше чтобы провайдер использовал [выделенные сервера](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), вместо более дешевых разделяемых решений (делимых с другими клиентами), такие, как [виртуальные частные сервера](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Independently Audited #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Независимый аудит
Mullvad's VPN clients have been audited by Cure53 and Assured AB in a pentest report [published at cure53.de](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_mullvad_v2.pdf). The security researchers concluded: Mullvad's VPN clients have been audited by Cure53 and Assured AB in a pentest report [published at cure53.de](https://cure53.de/pentest-report_mullvad_v2.pdf). The security researchers concluded:
@ -186,9 +186,9 @@ Proton VPN has [servers in 67 countries](https://protonvpn.com/vpn-servers).(1)
1. Последняя проверка: 2022-09-16 1. Последняя проверка: 2022-09-16
We also think it's better for the security of the VPN provider's private keys if they use [dedicated servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), instead of cheaper shared solutions (with other customers) such as [virtual private servers](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server). Мы также считаем, что для безопасности закрытых ключей VPN-провайдера лучше чтобы провайдер использовал [выделенные сервера](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service), вместо более дешевых разделяемых решений (делимых с другими клиентами), такие, как [виртуальные частные сервера](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_server).
#### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Independently Audited #### :material-check:{ .pg-green } Независимый аудит
VPN-клиенты Mullvad были проверены компаниями Cure53 и Assured AB в отчете по пентесту \[опубликовано на сайте cure53.de\] (https://cure53.de/pentest-report_mullvad_v2.pdf). Исследователи безопасности заключили: VPN-клиенты Mullvad были проверены компаниями Cure53 и Assured AB в отчете по пентесту \[опубликовано на сайте cure53.de\] (https://cure53.de/pentest-report_mullvad_v2.pdf). Исследователи безопасности заключили:

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@ -282,9 +282,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -283,9 +283,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -279,9 +279,7 @@ Disable built-in extensions you do not use in **Extensions**
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
##### System ##### System

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@ -281,9 +281,7 @@ Shields 可以選擇根據需要依各網站情況降級,但我們建議預設
Brave Web3 功能可能會增加瀏覽器指紋和攻擊面。 除非有用到任何功能,否則應停用這些功能。 Brave Web3 功能可能會增加瀏覽器指紋和攻擊面。 除非有用到任何功能,否則應停用這些功能。
- [ ] 設定 **預設以太坊錢包** **無** 設定**默認乙太幣錢包** 至 **擴充 (no fallback)** 設定 **默認 Solana 錢包** 至**擴充 (no fallback)** 設定 **解析 IPFS 資源方式****關閉**
- [ ] 設定 **預設 Solana Wallet** **無**
- [ ] 設定 **禁用****解析 IPFS 資源的方法**
##### 系統 ##### 系統

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@ -310,9 +310,7 @@ Shields的选项可以根据需要在每个站点的基础上进行降级
Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled. Brave's Web3 features can potentially add to your browser fingerprint and attack surface. Unless you use any of features, they should be disabled.
- [ ] Set **Default Ethereum Wallet** to **None** Set **Default Ethereum wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Default Solana wallet** to **Extensions (no fallback)** Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**
- [ ] Set **Default Solana Wallet** to **None**
- [ ] Set **Method to resolve IPFS resources** to **Disabled**