---
meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
title: 検索エンジン
icon: material/search-web
description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
  - 
    - randomize-element
    - "table tbody"
---

<small>Protects against the following threat(s):</small>

- [:material-account-cash: 監視資本主義](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model ""){.pg-brown}

Use a **search engine** that doesn't build an advertising profile based on your searches.

## 推奨するサービスプロバイダー

The recommendations here do not collect personally identifying information (PII) based on each service's privacy policy. There is **no guarantee** that these privacy policies are honored.

Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider.

| プロバイダー                        | Search Index                                                                                                                                                                  | Tor Hidden Service            | Logging / Privacy Policy | Country of Operation |
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence)                                                                                                                          | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1]           | United States        |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo)     | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources)                                                                                                                           | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2]           | United States        |
| [Startpage](#startpage)       | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3]           | Netherlands          |

### Brave Search

<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right }

**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.

Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).

[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }

</div>

We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.

### DuckDuckGo

<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

![DuckDuckGo logo](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right }

**DuckDuckGo** is one of the more mainstream private search engine options. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and a variety of [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features). The search engine uses numerous [sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) other than Bing for instant answers and other non-primary results.

DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) and is one of the few available options on Apple’s [Safari](mobile-browsers.md#safari-ios) browser.

[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }

</div>

DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. These versions do lack features, however. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.

### Startpage

<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }

**Startpage** is a private search engine. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://startpage.com/en/anonymous-view), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. Unlike the name suggests, the feature should not be relied upon for anonymity. If you are looking for anonymity, use the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) instead.

[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }

</div>

Startpage's majority shareholder is System1 who is an adtech company. We don't believe that to be an issue as they have a distinctly separate [privacy policy](https://system1.com/terms/privacy-policy). The Privacy Guides team reached out to Startpage [back in 2020](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2020/05/03/relisting-startpage) to clear up any concerns with System1's sizeable investment into the service, and we were satisfied with the answers we received.

Startpage previously placed limitations on VPN and [Tor](tor.md) users, but they recently created an [official](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/24786602537364-Startpage-s-Tor-onion-service) Tor hidden service, and as of April 2024 we have no longer noticed extra roadblocks for Tor or [VPN](vpn.md) users.

## Metasearch Engines

A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregates the results of other search engines, such as the ones recommended above, while not storing any information itself.

### SearXNG

<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right }

**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. It is an actively maintained fork of [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx).

[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }

</div>

SearXNG is a proxy between you and the search engines it aggregates from. Your search queries will still be sent to the search engines that SearXNG gets its results from.

When self-hosting, it is important that you have other people using your instance so that the queries would blend in. You should be careful with where and how you are hosting SearXNG, as people looking up illegal content on your instance could draw unwanted attention from authorities.

When you are using a SearXNG instance, be sure to go read their privacy policy. Since SearXNG instances may be modified by their owners, they do not necessarily reflect their privacy policy. Some instances run as a Tor hidden service, which may grant some privacy as long as your search queries does not contain PII.

## 規準

**私たちは、推薦するどのプロジェクトとも提携していません。**客観的に推薦できるよう、[標準となる規準](about/criteria.md)に加えて、一連の明確な要件を定めています。 プロジェクトを利用する前に、このリストをよく理解し、ご自身で調査を行って、そのプロジェクトがあなたにとって適切な選択かどうかをご確認ください。

### 最低要件

- Must not collect PII per their privacy policy.
- Must not require users to create an account with them.

### 満たされることが望ましい基準

満たされることが望ましい基準には、このカテゴリーの完璧なプロジェクトに私たちが望むものを示しています。 私たちが推薦するプロジェクトは、この機能の一部または全部を含んでいないかもしれませんが、もし含んでいれば、このページで他のプロジェクトよりも上位にランクされるかもしれません。

- Should be based on open-source software.
- Should not block Tor exit node IP addresses.

[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.

    Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.

    DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.

    Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
