---
meta_title: "Recommended Search Engines: Anonymous Alternatives to Google - Privacy Guides"
title: 검색 엔진
icon: material/search-web
description: Use privacy-respecting search engines which don't build an advertising profile based on your searches.
cover: search-engines.webp
global:
  - 
    - randomize-element
    - "table tbody"
---

<small>Protects against the following threat(s):</small>

- [:material-account-cash: 감시 자본주의(Surveillance Capitalism)](basics/common-threats.md#surveillance-as-a-business-model ""){.pg-brown}

Use a **search engine** that doesn't build an advertising profile based on your searches.

## 권장 제공 업체

The recommendations here do not collect personally identifying information (PII) based on each service's privacy policy. 실제로 해당 서비스에서 프라이버시 정책이 제대로 지켜진다는 **보장은 없습니다**.

Consider using a [VPN](vpn.md) or [Tor](tor.md) if your threat model requires hiding your IP address from the search provider.

| 서비스 제공자                       | Search Index                                                                                                                                                                  | Tor Hidden Service            | Logging / Privacy Policy | Country of Operation |
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------- | ------------------------ | -------------------- |
| [Brave Search](#brave-search) | [Independent](https://brave.com/search-independence)                                                                                                                          | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^1]           | United States        |
| [DuckDuckGo](#duckduckgo)     | [Bing](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources)                                                                                                                           | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^2]           | United States        |
| [Mullvad Leta](#mullvad-leta) | [Brave and Google](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-can-leta-do)                                                                                                             | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^3]           | Sweden               |
| [Startpage](#startpage)       | [Google and Bing](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4522435533844-What-is-the-relationship-between-Startpage-and-your-search-partners-like-Google-and-Microsoft-Bing) | :material-check:{ .pg-green } | Anonymized[^4]           | Netherlands          |

### Brave Search

<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

![Brave Search logo](assets/img/search-engines/brave-search.svg){ align=right }

**Brave Search** is a search engine developed by Brave. It includes unique features such as [Discussions](https://search.brave.com/help/discussions), which highlights conversation-focused results such as forum posts.

Brave Search is the default search engine for the [Brave Browser](desktop-browsers.md#brave).

[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://search.brave.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://search.brave4u7jddbv7cyviptqjc7jusxh72uik7zt6adtckl5f4nwy2v72qd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://search.brave.com/help){ .card-link title="Documentation" }

</div>

If you use Brave Search while logged in to a Premium account, there is a risk of Brave correlating search queries with your account.

We recommend you disable [Anonymous usage metrics](https://search.brave.com/help/usage-metrics) as it is enabled by default and can be disabled within settings.

### DuckDuckGo

<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

![DuckDuckGo 로고](assets/img/search-engines/duckduckgo.svg){ align=right }

**DuckDuckGo**는 대표적인 비공개 검색 엔진 중 하나입니다. Notable DuckDuckGo search features include [bangs](https://duckduckgo.com/bang) and a variety of [instant answers](https://help.duckduckgo.com/duckduckgo-help-pages/features/instant-answers-and-other-features). The search engine uses numerous [sources](https://help.duckduckgo.com/results/sources) other than Bing for instant answers and other non-primary results.

DuckDuckGo is the default search engine for the [Tor Browser](tor.md#tor-browser) and is one of the few available options on Apple’s [Safari](mobile-browsers.md#safari-ios) browser.

[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://duckduckgo.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://help.duckduckgo.com){ .card-link title="Documentation" }

</div>

DuckDuckGo offers two [other versions](https://help.duckduckgo.com/features/non-javascript) of their search engine, both of which do not require JavaScript. 단, JavaScript 없이 사용 가능한 버전은 기능이 완전하지 않습니다. These versions can also be used in conjunction with their Tor hidden address by appending [/lite](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/lite) or [/html](https://duckduckgogg42xjoc72x3sjasowoarfbgcmvfimaftt6twagswzczad.onion/html) for the respective version.

### Mullvad Leta

<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

![Mullvad logo](assets/img/vpn/mullvad.svg){ align=right }

**Mullvad Leta** is a search engine developed by Mullvad. It uses a [shared cache](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq#what-is-cached-search) to fetch search results and limit calls to the search APIs it uses.

Mullvad Leta currently only provides text search results. It is the default search engine for the [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser).

[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://leta.mullvad.net){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://uxngojcovdcyrmwkmkltyy2q7enzzvgv7vlqac64f2vl6hcrrqtlskqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://leta.mullvad.net/faq){ .card-link title="Documentation" }

</div>

<div class="admonition tip" markdown>
<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>

Mullvad Leta is useful if you want to disable JavaScript in your browser, such as [Mullvad Browser](desktop-browsers.md#mullvad-browser) on the Safest security level.

</div>

Mullvad Leta was [audited](https://mullvad.net/en/blog/security-audit-of-our-letamullvadnet-search-service) by Assured AB in March 2023. All issues were addressed and fixed shortly after the [report](https://assured.se/publications/Assured_Mullvad_Leta_pentest_report_2023.pdf).

### Startpage

<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage.svg#only-light){ align=right }
![Startpage logo](assets/img/search-engines/startpage-dark.svg#only-dark){ align=right }

**Startpage** is a private search engine. One of Startpage's unique features is the [Anonymous View](https://startpage.com/en/anonymous-view), which puts forth efforts to standardize user activity to make it more difficult to be uniquely identified. The feature can be useful for hiding [some](https://support.startpage.com/hc/articles/4455540212116-The-Anonymous-View-Proxy-technical-details) network and browser properties. 단, 명칭과는 다르게 해당 기능은 익명성 면에서 의존해서는 안 됩니다. 익명성이 필요한 경우에는 [Tor 브라우저](tor.md#tor-browser)를 사용하세요.

[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://startpage.com){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:simple-torbrowser:](http://startpagel6srwcjlue4zgq3zevrujfaow726kjytqbbjyrswwmjzcqd.onion){ .card-link title="Onion Service" }
[:octicons-eye-16:](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy){ .card-link title="Privacy Policy" }
[:octicons-info-16:](https://support.startpage.com/hc/categories/4481917470356-Startpage-Search-Engine){ .card-link title="Documentation" }

</div>

Startpage 대주주는 System1이라는 애드테크 회사입니다. 별도의 [프라이버시 정책](https://system1.com/terms/privacy-policy)을 가지고 있으므로 문제가 되지는 않을 것으로 판단됩니다. The Privacy Guides team reached out to Startpage [back in 2020](https://blog.privacyguides.org/2020/05/03/relisting-startpage) to clear up any concerns with System1's sizeable investment into the service, and we were satisfied with the answers we received.

Startpage previously placed limitations on VPN and [Tor](tor.md) users, but they recently created an [official](https://support.startpage.com/hc/en-us/articles/24786602537364-Startpage-s-Tor-onion-service) Tor hidden service, and as of April 2024 we have no longer noticed extra roadblocks for Tor or [VPN](vpn.md) users.

## Metasearch Engines

A [metasearch engine](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metasearch_engine) aggregates the results of other search engines, such as the ones recommended above, while not storing any information itself.

### SearXNG

<div class="admonition recommendation" markdown>

![SearXNG logo](assets/img/search-engines/searxng.svg){ align=right }

**SearXNG** is an open-source, self-hostable, metasearch engine. SearXNG는 [SearX](https://github.com/searx/searx)로부터 포크된 프로젝트로, 활발하게 유지 관리되고 있습니다.

[:octicons-home-16: Homepage](https://searxng.org){ .md-button .md-button--primary }
[:octicons-server-16:](https://searx.space){ .card-link title="Public Instances" }
[:octicons-code-16:](https://github.com/searxng/searxng){ .card-link title="Source Code" }

</div>

SearXNG는 여러분과 (SearXNG가 결과를 가져오는) 검색 엔진들 사이의 프록시입니다. 여러분의 검색 쿼리는 SearXNG가 결과를 가져오는 검색 엔진으로도 전송됩니다.

자체 호스팅을 할 경우, 다른 사람들도 해당 인스턴스를 사용하도록 하여 검색 쿼리가 뒤섞이게 해야 합니다. 단, 해당 인스턴스에서 불법 콘텐츠를 검색하는 사람들로 인해 당국의 관심을 끌게 될 수 있으므로, 호스팅하는 위치와 방식에 주의해야 합니다.

SearXNG 인스턴스를 사용하는 경우에는 해당 인스턴스의 프라이버시 정책을 반드시 읽어봐야 합니다. 동시에, SearXNG 인스턴스는 소유자가 수정 가능하므로 프라이버시 정책이 실제로는 반영되지 않을 수도 있습니다. 일부 인스턴스는 Tor Onion 서비스로 실행되어, 검색 쿼리에 여러분의 개인 식별 정보가 담겨있지 않는 한 프라이버시를 어느 정도 보장하기도 합니다.

## 평가 기준

**Privacy Guides는 권장 목록의 어떠한 프로젝트와도 제휴를 맺지 않았습니다.** 객관적인 권장 목록을 제공하기 위해, [일반적인 평가 기준](about/criteria.md)에 더해 명확한 요구 사항을 정립하였습니다. 어떠한 프로젝트를 선택해 사용하기 전에, 이러한 요구 사항들을 숙지하고 여러분 스스로 조사하는 과정을 거쳐 적절한 선택을 하시기 바랍니다.

### 최소 요구 사항

- Must not collect PII per their privacy policy.
- Must not require users to create an account with them.

### 우대 사항

평가 기준에서 '우대 사항'은 해당 부문에서 완벽한 프로젝트에 기대하는 바를 나타냅니다. 다음의 우대 사항에 해당하지 않더라도 권장 목록에 포함될 수 있습니다. 단, 우대 사항에 해당할수록 이 페이지의 다른 항목보다 높은 순위를 갖습니다.

- 오픈 소스 소프트웨어 기반이어야 합니다.
- Tor 출구 노드 IP 주소를 차단해서는 안 됩니다.

[^1]: Brave Search collects aggregated usage metrics, which includes the OS and the user agent. However, they do not collect PII. To serve [anonymous local results](https://search.brave.com/help/anonymous-local-results), IP addresses are temporarily processed, but are not retained.

    Brave Search: [*Brave Search privacy notice*](https://search.brave.com/help/privacy-policy) [^2]: DuckDuckGo **does** log your searches for product improvement purposes, but not your IP address or any other PII.

    DuckDuckGo Privacy Policy: [*We don't track you.*](https://duckduckgo.com/privacy) [^3]: Mullvad Leta logs your searches and stores them hashed with a secret in a RAM-based cache. The cache is removed after it reaches 30 days in age, or when the server-side Leta application is restarted. They do not collect any PII.

    Terms of Service: [*Service Usage*](https://leta.mullvad.net/terms-of-service) [^4]: Startpage logs details such as operating system, user agent, and language. They do not log your IP address, search queries, or other PII.

    Our Privacy Policy: [*How we have implemented truly anonymous analytics*](https://startpage.com/en/privacy-policy#section-4)
